Die Altstadt Von Aleppo Im Wandel Einsichten – Rehabilitation – Wiederaufbau

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Die Altstadt Von Aleppo Im Wandel Einsichten – Rehabilitation – Wiederaufbau Mamoun Fansa (Hrsg) Die Altstadt von Aleppo im Wandel Einsichten – Rehabilitation – Wiederaufbau The Old City of Aleppo in Transition Insights – Rehabilitation – Reconstruction Persönliche Einsichten Mamoun Fansa (Hrsg) Die Altstadt von Aleppo im Wandel Einsichten – Rehabilitation – Wiederaufbau In Erinnerung an Adli Qudsi The Old City of Aleppo in Transition Insights – Rehabilitation – Reconstruction In memory of Adli Qudsi 30 Jahre – immer wieder Aleppo 1 Impressum 160 Seiten mit 159 Abbildungen Titelabbildung: Aleppo, Foto: Khaldoun Fansa Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek: Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Das Buch wurde mit Mitteln des Vereins Freunde der Altstadt von Aleppo e.V. sowie privater Spender finanziert. FREUNDE DER ALTSTADT VON Stuttgart | Berlin ALEPPO © 2020 by Mamoun Fansa (Hrsg.) ISBN: 978-3-96176-117-3 Übersetzung aus dem Arabischen ins Englische: Batoul Diab Gestaltung: Elvira Spiller Lektorat: Mamoun Fansa, Karen Aydin und Chaterine Peppers Gestaltung des Umschlags: Mamoun Fansa, Elvira Spiller Alle Rechte, insbesondere das der Übersetzung in fremde Sprachen, vorbehalten. Ohne ausdrückliche Genehmigung des Verlages ist es auch nicht gestattet, dieses Buch oder Teile daraus auf fotomechanischem Wege (Fotokopie, Mikrokopie) zu vervielfältigen oder unter Verwendung elektronischer Systeme zu verarbeiten und zu verbreiten. Printed in Germany: Druckerei Florian Isensee, Oldenburg Vertrieb: Nünnerich-Asmus Verlag & Media GmbH, Oppenheim am Rhein, www.na-verlag.de 2 Anette Gangler Persönliche Einsichten Inhalt Mamoun Fansa Vorwort ..................................................................................................................... 5 Persönliche Einsichten | Personal Insights Elias Samo A Lifetime with Adli ................................................................................................... 9 Mamoun Lutfi Sakkal A Remarkable Encounter with Adli in Aleppo, 1977 ................................................. 13 Khaldoun Fansa The Rehabilitation of the Old City of Aleppo Project Adli Qudsi: “The Spirit of Enterprise” ....................................................................... 21 Abdallah Hajjar Aleppo-Phile – Adli Qudsi, the Persevering Defender of the Heritage of the Old City of Aleppo ................................................................. 29 Ruba Kasmo Adli Qudsi and the Old City of Aleppo: A Journey between Two Homes ................ 37 Anette Gangler 30 Jahre – immer wieder Aleppo .............................................................................. 45 Die Altstadt von Aleppo und Adli Qudsi | The Old City of Aleppo and Adli Qudsi Heinz Gaube Wie es begann – Die Rehabilitation der Altstadt von Aleppo ................................... 55 Stefano Bianca A Turning Point in the Fate of the Old City of Aleppo .............................................. 63 Meinolf Spiekermann Was würde Adli Qudsi tun ... ..................................................................................... 77 Franziska Laue Adli Qudsi and the Aleppo Archive during Peaceful Times ...................................... 83 30 Jahre – immer wieder Aleppo 3 Aleppo in alten Fotografien | Aleppo in Old Photographs Mamoun Fansa Aleppo in einem Fotoalbum von 1916 / 1917 ........................................................... 91 Wolf-Dieter Lemke Photography in Aleppo at the End of the Ottoman Period and the Beginning of the French Mandate .....................................................................103 Claus Peter Haase Aleppo: urbane Struktur nach alten Photographien ................................................119 Der Wiederaufbau | Reconstruction Mamoun Fansa Krieg zerstört die Altstadt von Aleppo Gedanken zum Wiederaufbau eines Weltkulturerbes ..............................................137 Biografien | Biographies Biografien der Autoren .............................................................................................157 4 Anette Gangler Vorwort Mamoun Fansa Aleppo ist die zweitgrößte Stadt Syriens baukonzepten und der Planung beschäfti- und eine der ältesten dauerhaft besiedelten gen. Die ersten Aktivitäten in den 80er Jah- Städte der Welt. Gelegen am Ende der Sei- ren des letzten Jahrhunderts werden immer denstraße, die von China bis zum Mittelmeer nur am Rande erwähnt und nicht ausführlich führte, war Aleppo eines der größten Han- behandelt. delszentren des Nahen Ostens. Die Stadt hat ca. 5000 Jahre siedlungsgeschichtliche Wer hat die Initiative ergriffen und sich da- Entwicklung hinter sich. Ihre Anfänge reichen für eingesetzt, dass die Altstadt im Fokus bis in die Zeit der mesopotamischen Hoch- der Öffentlichkeit steht; welche Menschen kulturen im 3. Jahrtausend v. Chr. zurück. haben sich begeistern lassen und die Aktivi- täten begleitet? Dies gerät bei der Fülle der Die Altstadt von Aleppo ist seit 1986 Informationen über viele andere Aktivitäten in UNESCO-Weltkulturerbe und wurde vor den Hintergrund. dem Krieg vom syrischen Staat und vielen internationalen Einrichtungen wieder aufge- Das hier vorliegende Buch ist eine wesent- baut, saniert und stand seither im Zentrum liche Ergänzung zu dem, was über die Alt- der Kulturarbeit in Syrien und darüber hin- stadt von Aleppo schon oft geschrieben aus. Sie war 2006 Kulturhauptstadt der is- wurde. Die Beschäftigung mit dem Hauptak- lamischen Welt. teur und seinen Mitstreitern ist leider durch den unerwarteten Tod des Gründers des Alle Publikationen über die Altstadt von Altstadt-Rehabilitationsprojektes Adli Qudsi Aleppo der letzten Jahrzehnte vermitteln initiiert worden. wert volle Informationen für den Wieder- aufbau und den Umgang mit der Zerstö- Das Buch schildert die Situation auf der rung der Altstadt nach dem Krieg aus Grundlage von teilweise persönlichen Er- unterschied lichen Blickwinkeln: historische, lebnissen und Erfahrungen der Autoren mit architektonische, stadtplanerische Ideen Qudsi in der Zeit vor den Anfängen des Pro- und Initiativen, die sich mit den Wiederauf- jektes und während der Abwicklung in den 5 90er Jahren bis zum Ausbruch des Krieges zu überzeugen, die Altstadt von Aleppo als 2011. Die ungewöhnliche Leistung und das Weltkulturerbe anzuerkennen. hartnäckige und kreative Verhandlungsge- schick Adli Qudsis ist dabei für mich als Be- Adli Qudsi starb am 22.1.2017 durch ei- trachter von außen nach der redaktionellen nen tragischen Verkehrsunfall in Mersin in Arbeit an den Beiträgen immer klarer gewor- der Türkei. Einige Monate später wurde die den. Ohne seinen Einsatz könnten wir nicht Idee geboren, ihm eine Gedenkschrift zu von Erfolg sprechen. widmen, um an seine vielen Leistungen zu erinnern. Adli Qudsi wollte die Altstadt von Aleppo als identitätsstiftendes Kulturdenkmal für Die Absicht dieser Gedenkschrift ist es, die Aleppiner erhalten. Er hat diese Kraft nützliche Informationen für den Wiederauf- bei der Bevölkerung entdeckt und versucht, bau der Altstadt von Aleppo für die Akteure sie durch seine Aktivitäten zu erhalten. Die vor Ort bereitzustellen. Der erste Abschnitt Altstadt von Aleppo war niemals nur ein wird sich mit dem Gründer des Altstadt- Ausstellungsobjekt oder nur eine Touristen- Rehabilitations-Projekt als Person, Visionär attraktion wie Palmyra. und Macher befassen. Das Besondere an der Altstadt war ihre Wir- Im zweiten Abschnitt beschäftigten sich die kung als kulturelles Identifikationszentrum Autoren mit der Altstadt und Adlis Vorha- und ihre Lebendigkeit. Hier wurde gewohnt, ben, die Altstadt zu sanieren. Es sind unter- gearbeitet, und gehandelt. Die Altstadt von schiedliche Akzente für die Altstadt entwi- Aleppo gewann ihre Bedeutung nicht nur ckelt worden. durch ihre Monumente und ihre Siedlungs- kontinuität, sondern sie war auch ein einzig- Der dritte Abschnitt behandelt die Fotografie artiges Gemeinwesen, das durch seine kom- als Quelle für die historische Entwicklung. plexen Nutzungsverflechtungen und seine ethnische Vielfalt davor bewahrt wurde, ein Der letzte Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit unter- bloßer Touristenort zu sein. Sie war ein ein- schiedlichen Aspekten des Wiederaufbaus zigartiger Wohn- und Arbeitsort, an dem von 2016 –2019 und der Rolle des Vereins Menschen verschiedener Religionen friedlich Freunde der Altstadt von Aleppo. miteinander lebten. Es ist nicht übertrieben zu behaupten, die Um eine Basis für die Sanierung und die Altstadt von Aleppo und die Person Adli Arbeit am Wiederaufbau zu schaffen, gelang Qudsis seien nicht voneinander zu trennen. es Qudsi, durch seine geschickte Arbeit mit Die Entwicklung der Altstadt in den letzten Regierungsstellen und Experten aus dem 40 Jahren wurde stark von ihm bestimmt Ausland schließlich auch die UNESCO davon und gelenkt. 6 Es bleibt zu hoffen, dass nach der massi- Um den Wiederaufbau in einen geordneten ven Zerstörung der Altstadt von Aleppo die Prozess zu überführen, ist ein umfassendes Verantwortlichen vor Ort und die Zentral- Konzept zu erstellen und es sind die neu- regierung in Damaskus den Wiederaufbau esten Erkenntnisse zu Grunde zu legen, die als Hauptaufgabe für die Wiederherstel- auf internationaler Ebene bei vergleichbaren lung der Kulturidentität Aleppos ansehen. Orten gewonnen wurden. Dies kann nur geleistet werden, wenn eine mit der UNESCO abgestimmte Wieder- Mein herzlicher Dank gilt den Autoren, die aufbaukonzeption entwickelt wird, und die ihre Beiträge rechtzeitig geliefert haben, so Investoren
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