India- Relations

Introduction

In Canada, India is represented by the High Commission of India in and the two Consulates in Toronto and . In India, Canada is represented by the Canadian High Commission in New Delhi and the Consulates in Chandigarh, Chennai and Mumbai.

India established diplomatic relations with Canada in 1947. India and Canada have longstanding bilateral relationship based on shared democratic values, the multi- cultural, multi-ethnic and multi-religious nature of two societies and strong people-to- people contacts. In recent years, both countries have been working to enhance bilateral cooperation in a number of areas of mutual importance.

Canada is endowed with vast natural reserves in potash, uranium, coal, oil and gas, diamonds, forest products, etc. and offers good opportunities for investments or joint ventures for India. Canada with its advanced technological base is India’s natural partner in agriculture, food processing, education, science and technology, innovation, environment, cleaner technologies, etc. India has welcomed investment from Canada in sectors such as infrastructure, energy, mining, health, education, communication, food processing, information technology, etc. India would like Canada to make use of India’s skilled and trained manpower base and establish manufacturing units or enter into joint ventures in India. Indian and Canadian companies can also join hands in taking up joint projects in other countries.

Visits

Several high level visits including at PM levels, have been exchanged over the past three years. About 22Ministerial level visits including those of provincial Premiers from Canada took place in 2009-11.

At the invitation of the Indian PM Dr. Manmohan Singh, Canadian PM Mr. paid his first official visit to India from 15-18 November 2009. The two Prime Ministers reviewed bilateral relations and discussed regional and global issues of shared interest including G-20, counter-terrorism, etc. and agreed on initiatives to strengthen and diversify bilateral relations. Both the leaders recognized education as an area of new momentum, the need to facilitate mutually beneficial linkages in science, technology and innovation as well as to build synergies between institutions of higher learning in India and Canada. The two leaders set a trade target of $ 15 billion annually in the next five years. It was also announced that the Year of India will be celebrated in locations across Canada in 2011. Two important MoUs were signed, namely, MoU for Cooperation in the area of Energy and the MoU for the setting up of a Joint Study Group to explore the possibility of a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement(CEPA) between India and Canada.

The highlight of 2010 was the historic visit of Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh to Canada from 26 – 28 June, 2010 to attend the G20 Summit followed by bilateral discussions. The two leaders issued a joint statement outlining a number of areas of cooperation. The highlights of the visit included the signing of the Agreement for Cooperation in Peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy and three MoUs concerning cooperation in the fields of Earth Sciences and Mining, Culture, and Higher Education; reiteration to increase bilateral trade to $15 billion annually in the next five years. The two Prime Ministers welcomed the conclusion of the report of the Joint Study Group to explore the possibility of a Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement between India and Canada.

PM Dr. Singh also held a meeting with the Canadian MPs and MLAs of Indian origin. He laid a wreath at the Air India Plane tragedy memorial in Toronto in the memory of the victims and conveyed his condolences to the family members of the victims present there. The two Prime Ministers met again at Seoul (G20 Summit) on 17 November 2010 and announced the launch of negotiations on the bilateral Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA); four rounds of negotiations have taken place since then.

In 2010, 6 Indian Ministers (Commerce & Industry, Mining, Surface Transport, Food Processing, Power and Civil Aviation) visited Canada. From Canada, Ministers of Agriculture, Finance, Sports, S&T, Citizenship and Immigration and International Trade visited India. In addition, Premiers of Alberta and Provinces visited India. A number of high level official visits from both sides also took place. The first Annual Trade Ministerial Dialogue was held in Ottawa in September 2010 along with CEOs Roundtable. The Roundtable has now been upgraded to a CEOs Forum.

In 2011, several visits took place from the Canadian side: a 30 member business delegation led by 6 Canadian MPs visited India for the Vibrant Gujarat 2011 event in Ahmedabad; an Atlantic Canada Exploratory Mission; a 60-member business delegation from Quebec Province led by Mr. Clement Gignac, Minister for Economic Development, Innovation and Trade; Saskatchewan Premier Mr. led a 40- member trade mission to India; Dr. Maria Barrados, President of the Public Service Commission of Canada visited India and signed MOU on civil services exchanges; BC Premier led a trade and job delegation of about 300 persons from approximately 150 institutions from November 10 – 16, 2011 to Delhi, Mumbai, Bangalore, Amritsar and Chandigarh.

The Canadian Minister for International Trade, Minister Ed Fast visited India in November 2011 for the second round of the annual trade ministerial dialogue. He met, among others, Union Ministers of Finance, Commerce and Industry, Agriculture, Overseas India Affairs, Human Resources Development, Non-Renewable Energy Resources, captains of Indian trade and industry and attended business events in Delhi, Gujarat and Mumbai. The Canada-India Business Council organized India Business Forum on the sidelines of the WEF in India in November 2011. From India, a number of high level official visits took place in 2011. A DRDO delegation led by Dr. Saraswat visited Canada for technology tie ups; Shri R. Gangadharan, Secretary, Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries (September 2011) and Joint Secretary, Department of Agriculture and Cooperation, Shri R.K. Tiwari (November 2011) led delegations for technology tie-ups in Agriculture and allied areas. Commerce Secretary Shri Rahul Khullar visited Canada in October 2011 to inaugurate the EEPC-India Show.

In 2012, Mr.Gerald Cossette, Associate Deputy Minister, Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade (DEFAIT) led Canadian delegation to New Delhi Sherpa Meeting of 2012 Nuclear Security Summit on January 16-17, 2012. Mr.Yves Bolduc, Minister of Health and Social Services, Government of Province of Quebec led an economic Mission to India from January 27 to February 5, 2012.

Mr. Vishwapati Trivedi, Secretary, Ministry of Mines led a 31-member delegation to participate in Prospectors and Developers Association (DPAC) in Toronto from March 4- 7, 2012. First meeting of Joint Working Group on Mines has been held with Saskatchewan ( & 9, 2012) and ( & 13, 2012). Mr.Nabam Tuki, Hon’ble Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh visited Ottawa to participate in Brand India Expo. About 70 Indian businesses including APDEA, MPEDA, Tea/Coffee/Spices Board visited Canada to participate in Brand India Expo on & 14, 2012.

Bilateral dialogue mechanism

India and Canada pursue bilateral relations through the mechanism of annual Foreign Office Consultations, Trade Policy Consultations, Strategic Dialogue and meetings of S&T Committee, Joint Working Group on Counter-terrorism, Environment Forum Committee, Energy Forum, Steering Committee on Mining and Earth Sciences; Joint Working Groups on Pulses, Plant Protection, Health, Agriculture and SPS issues etc.

Agreements

India and Canada have also signed the Air Services Agreement, Extradition Treaty, Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty, Agreement on Patents, Agreement on Agriculture, S&T Agreement etc. Other agreements under negotiations are: Foreign Investment Promotion Agreement, Social Security Agreement, MoU on Cooperation in Combating Drug Trafficking, Transfer of Prisoners Agreement, Road Transportation, and Audio- Visual Co-Production.

Among the agreements recently signed include MoU for India Chair at Canada-India Centre of Excellence at Carleton University, MoU between Indian and Canadian Public Service Commissions for sharing experiences and expertise in civil services matters, MoU between Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the Canadian Institute of Health Research (CIHR) to establish new and/or strengthen existing collaborations in special health related fields of research, etc. Separate MoUs on Mines and Mineral resources have been signed with the provinces of Saskatchewan, British Columbia & Ontario.

Education & Culture

In the education field, the Shastri Indo-Canadian Institute (SICI) was founded in 1968 to promote academic relations mainly through funding research and linking academic institutions in the two countries; as of today, 50 universities from India and 40 from Canada are members of the Institute. SICI broadly meets its objective by promoting Canadian Studies in India and Indian Studies in Canada. As on June 2010, there are 10,050 Indian students studying in various Canadian universities/colleges. India is the fourth largest source of foreign students in Canada after China, Korea and the US.

India Chairs were sanctioned including for Carleton and McGill Universities where Indian Centres have been opened. Canada’s Sports Minister led one of the largest contingents to the Delhi Commonwealth Games in October 2010. The Canadian Exhibition ‘Masters of Art’ was hosted in Delhi coinciding with the Commonwealth Games. A 17 University Presidents’ delegation of the Association of Universities and Colleges of Canada visited India to forge university linkages; several MoUs were signed and scholarships announced.

Representatives of University of Alberta, Ryerson University and Carleton University visited India in November 2011. A MOU between Carleton University and TERI and Symbiosis International University of Pune was signed for providing opportunities to combine expertise and real-world experience in the areas of technology management, alternative energy, economics, public policy and engineering.

Year of India 2011 in Canada (YOI)

Pursuant to the announcement made by Indian and Canadian Prime Ministers in November 2009, the Year of India 2011 in Canada was launched on 24 January 2011 coinciding with the signing of a MoU for establishing Canada-India Centre for Excellence in Science, Technology, Trade and Policy at Carleton University. On 4 March 2011, , Mr. Stephen Harper formally inaugurated the Year of India in the presence of Federal Ministers, Members of Parliament, Diplomatic Corps, community leaders and general public. The event began with the lighting of the lamp by PM Stephen Harper at the Canadian Museum of Civilization followed by the ‘Sarod’ recital by Ustad Amjad Ali Khan.

A number of events have been held in different cities of Canada, including Shakunthalam Dance Drama, Parikrama Rock Band, Ticket to Bollywood Musical, Fusion Dance of Tanusree Shankar, the Festival of Indian Writing, and Nomadic Orchestra of the World – Chinh India at the Ottawa Tulip Festival, performance by Violin Maestro Dr. L. Subramaniam.

Ms. Preneet Kaur Minister of State for External Affairs, accompanied by Mr. Arun Maira, Member, Planning Commissioner, 2 Members of Parliament and senior officials of Government of India represented GOI for the Pravasi Bhartiya Diwas in Toronto on June 9-10, 2011.

Dr. D Purandeswari, MOS (HRD) represented GOI at the Canada India Education Summit and Canada-India Innovation Summit in Ottawa in June 2011, apart from the presence of Dr. R.Chidambaram, Principal Scientific Advisor to Government of India, Mr. Suresh Prabhu, former Minister of Power and Environment, India, Dr.M.S.Swaminathan, (Rajya Sabha) and Vice Chancellors of 21 eminent Indian Universities etc.

The YOI of India events continued with Kathak, Kuchipudi and Rajasthani folk performances, Indian film festival, EEPC- India Show, commemoration of 150 th birth anniversary of Gurudev Tagore, Indian Writers festival by Sahitya akademi, eminent lectures series, ‘Moderns’ Exhibition by Lalit Kala Akademi, installation and unveiling of statue Mahatma Gandhi etc. The Prime Minister of Canada, the Rt Honorable Stephen Harper also officiated at the closing ceremony of Year of India 2011 with National Diwali Celebrations.

The YOI events continued into 2012 with the Brand India Expo 2012 on March 13 & 14 featuring about 60 Indian exhibitors on a range of consumer products including Textiles, carpets, apparel, food, marine & agri-products, tea, coffee, spices, jute etc. The Expo was inaugurated by Canadian Minister for International Trade Hon’ble Ed Fast and Mr.Nabam Tuki, Hon’ble Chief Minister of Arunachal Pradesh.

Trade

Bilateral trade during the calendar year of 2011 crossed US$ 5 billion mark. India’s exports to Canada in 2011 were up 25 per cent and imports from Canada registered an increase of 31.7 per cent over 2010. Total bilateral trade during 2011 registered 28.35 per cent increase over the previous year.

India-Canada Bilateral Trade during 2006-2011 (January-December) [Figures in billion US Dollars] Details 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 India’s 1.692 1.841 2.065 1.754 2.064 2.581 Exports to Canada India’s 1.477 1.667 2.268 1.881 2.024 2.635 Imports from Canada Total 3.169 3.508 4.333 3.635 4.088 5.216

[Source: Statistics Canada]

Major Items of Indian Exports are: Garments, diamonds, chemicals, gems and jewellery, made-up, sea food, engineering goods, auto parts, marble and granite, knitted garments, rice, electric equipment, carpets, etc. Major items of Canada’s export to India are: Pulses, fertilizers, newsprint, ores and concentrates, wheat, communication equipment, wood pulp, nickel, ferrous waste, asbestos, laboratory equipment, worn clothing, aviation equipment, diamond, silver, etc.

Investments

Canadian investors are present in the Indian banking, insurance and financial services sectors, as also in engineering and consultancy services. Canadian investment in India has targeted telecommunications, environment, energy and mining. Indian investment in Canada has increased steadily in the recent years, especially in the information technology and software sectors. The stock of two-way direct investment between India and Canada is as under: [Figures in million Canadian Dollars] 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Canadian Direct 319 677 506 785 601 500 Investment in India Indian Direct 171 211 Unavailable 2,667 2,972 6,600 Investment in Canada Total 490 888 506 3,452 3,573 7,100 [Source: Government of Canada ]

Indian community

Canada is home to 962,670 people of Indian origin (2006 Census). Out of this population, 50% are Sikhs, 39% are Hindus, and the remainder are Muslim, Christian, Jain, Buddhist, etc. Majority of them live in Toronto, Vancouver, and Calgary. There is also a presence of ethnic media, both print and electronic, in different regions of Canada. There are currently 9 Indo-Canadian MPs in the House of Commons and one in the Senate.

Air India and Jet Airways have regular flights to Canada from India. State Bank of India, ICICI Bank, Government of India Tourist Office, Air India and Jet Airways have offices in Canada. Many renowned Indian companies have presence in Canada such as Tata, Aditya Birla, Reliance, Essar, etc. and reputed Indian IT companies such as Infosys, Wipro have opened branches in Canada.

Canada has established Trade Offices in Ahmedabad, Bangalore, Chandigarh, Chennai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai and New Delhi. Reputed Canadian companies such as Bombardier, SNC Lavalin, CAE, Inc., etc. have a presence in India for the past several years.

March 2012