James Madison University JMU Scholarly Commons Masters Theses The Graduate School Spring 2014 Envisioning the apocalypse: (Dis)Order, progress, and Brazil’s Canudos War, 1896-1897 Gray Fielding Kidd James Madison University Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/master201019 Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Kidd, Gray Fielding, "Envisioning the apocalypse: (Dis)Order, progress, and Brazil’s Canudos War, 1896-1897" (2014). Masters Theses. 250. https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/master201019/250 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the The Graduate School at JMU Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of JMU Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact
[email protected]. Envisioning the Apocalypse: (Dis)Order, Progress, and Brazil’s Canudos War, 1896-1897 Gray Fielding Kidd A thesis submitted to the Graduate Faculty of JAMES MADISON UNIVERSITY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Master of Arts History May 2014 Copyright © 2014 by Gray Fielding Kidd All rights reserved Dedication I dedicate this project to the late Marjorie Hart Kidd, my great-great aunt and fellow alumna of Madison College (James Madison University). Shortly before her death in the early spring of 2011, she reminded me to make a name for myself. This master’s thesis is a crucial foothold to discovering myself as a student and as a scholar. iii Acknowledgments I am indebted to a number of individuals whose unyielding support and encouragement has been a driving force behind this project. As the director of this project, Bill Van Norman has revealed his profound wisdom over the past two years.