Index

A Alcoholics Anonymous, 198 Abbas bin Haji Ahmad, 179 Alfieri, Bianca, 58 Abbasid Caliphate, 29 Aligarh Muslim University, 4, 160 Abd al-Salam Rafiq, 122 All Muslim League, 114 Abd al-Qadir, 51 Ameer Ali, 140 Abdul Salem, 122, 123 Amir Ali, 154, 159 Abdullah bin Abdul Kadir, see also Anderson, Benedict, 135 Munsyi Abdullah Anderson, Jon, 231 Abdullah Haji Ahmad, 180 Angkor empire, 17 Abdullah Ibnu Salam, 70, 73 Anjuman Ishaat-i , 138 Abu Abd Allah Mas’ud al-Jawi, 38 Anjuman-i Taraqi-i Islam, 138 Aceh, Islamic art and culture, xvii anti-British propaganda, 114, 125 Aden, 30 anti-Communist insurgency, 200 Afghanistan, Taliban movement, 196 Arab Middle East, xiii Agus Salim, 144 Arab trading network, evolution, 39 Ahmad Sirhindi, 179, 183, 184 Arab traveler’s tales, 29 Ahmadiyya, 61, 163 Arabian Nights, 100 ba’ya, 144 Arabian Peninsula, xviii community, emergence and Arabic language, use in Islamic expansion, 137–39 scripture, xiii engagement with print culture, xxi Arabic script, adoption of, 54 print and transmission to Southeast Arabic-Persian literary prototype, 70 Asia, 143 Arabist bias, xiii print jihad, 134–48, 139–43 Archbishop of Goa, 34 aja’ib, 29 Arya Samaj, 140 Akhbar al-Sin wa’l-Hind, 29 Ashura, observations of, xvii al-Azhar University, 116, 178 Aung-Thwin, Michael, 7 al-Hamza, 142 Austro-Hungarian Empire, 109 al-Hind, 7 Azyumardi Azra, 184 al-Jawi, 38 al-Jihad fi’l-Islam, 159 B al-Muzaffar Yusuf, 30 Baharam Khan, 207 al-Qushashi, 55 Balai Islam, 188 al-Raniri, 178–79 Balkan Muslims, 110 Aladdin, 100–101 Bangladesh, population, xxii Alamat Langkapuri, 61 Bangsawan, xx, 91, 96

237

12 IslamiCon Index.indd 237 7/21/09 9:48:24 AM 238 Index

baraka, 37 Chishti Sabiri Sufi, xxi, 219 Barisan Nasional Pembebasan Patani, Malaysian disciplines, 220 201 pilgrimages, 224 Bashiruddin Mahmood Hasan, 138, publications, 228 143 Christianity, xix Battle of Navarino, 155 chronological divisions, 2 Bay of Bengal, 14, 17 Cinkai Cattamani, 60 ba’ya, 144 Cinkai Necan, 60 Beckett, W.R.D., 123 civil marriages, 205 Bengkulu, xvii coastal trading centres, Islamization, 39 bhakti cult, 13 Coedès, Georges, 5, 12 Bhutan, 7 theory of Indianization, 12 black pepper, 32 colonialist historiography, 2 Blank, Jonah, 232 Coromandel Coast, 28 Boer War, 122 cosmopolitan literary culture, 19 Bollywood, 205 creative foreigners, 88–92 Book of One Thousand Questions, xx, Cultivation System, dismantling of, 69 69, 69–72 cultural contact, South and Southeast alternative conversions, 74–78 Asia, 1–24 dialogue and conversion, 79–81 cultural exchange, South Asia and transformed versions, 73 Malay World, 86–106 Braginsky, Vladimir, 57 cultural interactions, xix brahmin theories, 12 cultural transmission, 12 brahmins, 18 cultural unity, 12 British Empire, collapse of, 119 British rule, xxi D undermining of, 109–33 Dars-i Nizami structure, 181 bulan Safar celebrations, 96 Darul Anuar School, 188 bureaucratic structure, lack of, 3 Darul Islam, 150 Bustan al-Salatin, 177 Darul Uloom, 180 Darul Uloom Deoband, 189 C De Casparis, J.G., 13, 14 Calicut, 30 Delhi Sultanate, 2 camphor, 31 Delhi, Turkish Sultanate, 16 Central Java, religious transformations, Denodaya Press, 93 68–82 Denothaya Venthira Press, 93 Chattopadhyaya, B.D., 3, 4 Dewan Dakwah Indonesia Islamiyah, Chau Ju-kua, 32 150 Chaudhuri, Kirti, 26 Dirks, Nicholas, 3 Chenla, 13 Drewes, G.W.J., 49 China Dul Muluk, 91 role of, 39 Dutch East India Company, 8 trade with, 31–34 Dutch rule, xxi

12 IslamiCon Index.indd 238 7/21/09 9:48:25 AM Index 239

E Greater India, 7, 11, 12 East India Company (EIC), 89 Gupta empire, 2, 14 Eaton, Richard M., xiv Egypt H population, xxii Habib Nuh, 59 rise of Fatimids, 29 Hadhramaut, xviii, 37 Eickelman, Dale, 232 Hadhrami families, 37 El-Islam, 136 hadith, 57, 70 Ellis, Evelyn C., 119, 126 hadith studies, Islamic sciences Elphinstone College, 89, 90 through, 181 Empress Victoria Jawi Peranakan Haji Muhammad Amin, 98 Theatrical Company, 91 Haji Muhammad Siraj, 88 epochal divisions, 2 Hall, Kenneth, 28 Euben, Roxanne, 151 Hamidullah Siddiqi, 150, 155, 159 Eurasia, 4 Har Dayal, 118 Hasan Hatano, 136 Haydar Ali Tajuddin, 206 F Helfferich, Emil, 120 Fatimids, rise of, 29 Helfferich, Theodor, 122 Federation of Malaya, 200 hikayat, 95 female contract workers, 203 Hikayat Raja Pasai, 51 feudal fragmentation, 3 Hikayat Alauddin, 98 Francisco, Juan, 27 Hikayat Ganja Mara, 97 frankincense, 30 Hikayat Gul Bakawali, 97, 98 Freitag, Ulrike, 38 Hindu-Buddhist traditions, movement French Foreign Legion, 117 of, 24 Funan, 13 Hindu colonies, 12 Hindu revivalist group, 197 G Historical Atlas of Islam, xxii Gabungan Melayu Patani Raya, 201 Hollweg, Theobald von Bethmann, Gallop, Annabel, 99 117 gamelan, 73 Holy War campaign, 119 gangsa monggang, 78 Hurgronje, C. Snouck, 59, 111, 112 Garaman inscription, 27 Hussein Alatas, 145, 150, 156 Gazette of India, 125 Geertz, Clifford, 6 I Genuine Islam, 163 Ibn al-Arabi, 72 Germany, 110 Ibn Battuta, 30, 32, 37, 69 Ghadr, 125, 130 Ibn Hisham, 70 Ghulam Ahmad, 139 Ibnu Salam, 72, 76 Golok, 206 Ibrahim Hawi, 55 Great War, 111, 127–28 Imam Mahdi, 155 Greater China, 7 Inamullah Khan, 158

12 IslamiCon Index.indd 239 7/21/09 9:48:26 AM 240 Index

Indar Sabha, 96, 97, 98 Islamism Indera Sebaha, 97 concept of, 151 India Office, 117 South-Eastern, 152 Indian activists, 116–18 Islamization, 17 Indian Deobandi movement, 197 unitary theories of, xvi, xv Indian feudalism, 3 Indian history, pre-colonial, 4 J Indian Marxist historiography, 24 Jamaat-i Ahmadiyya, 138 Indian Muslim organizations, 114 Java Indian Ocean, 8, 30 Book of One Thousand Questions, trade, 31 71–72 trading network, 17 Central Java, religious Indian Nationalist Party, 122 transformations, 68–82 Indian Revolutionary Party, 117 late nineteenth century, 69 Indian trading networks, 18 Javanese art forms, 78, 79, 95 Indianization, 14, 17 Javanese suluk literature, 81 Indic influence, 10 Javanese-Islamic mystical teachings, 72 Indic language epigraphy, 2 Jawi Peranakan, 58, 87, 88, 90, 92, Indo-German plot, 121 101, 102 Indonesian Archipelago, xviii Jawi Peranakan Company, 93, 95, 97 Indonesian Communist Party (PKI), Jawi Peranakan Press, 60 157 Jihad Document, 112 Indus River, xiii Jihad Proclamation, countering, Indra Bangsawan, 92 112–16 Indramawan theatre group, 87 Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, xv Royal Asiatic Society, 175 intermarriages, xvi intermediary communities, 88 K Internet, communication of identity, Kaiser Wilhelm, 111 231 Kalinga, 27 intra-Islamic relations, xviii Kalirungan inscription, 27 Islam Kama al-Din, 138 interconnectedness of development Kampong Jawa , 125 of, xvii Kampung Bali, 96 modern world, and, 161 Kampung Glam, 94, 96 nineteenth century, 58–61 kappiyam poems, 55 propaganda tool, 127 Kasim Ismail Mansur, 124, 125 sources, 135 Kelantan, 175 as a system, 156 Chief Minister, 188 Islamic cultures, Arabic origins, 17 Keramat Dato Koya, 58 Islamic organizations, 134 Khan, Aga, 114, 116 Islamic sciences, 135 Kinar-i Ravi, 150, 163 Islamic State, Maududi’s views, 159 Kirttanattirattu, 59

12 IslamiCon Index.indd 240 7/21/09 9:48:27 AM Index 241

Kling, 27 Malaysian Government Development Knox, Ronald, 212 plans, 186 Komedie Stamboel, 87, 91 Malaysian Islamist politics, xxi Kota Bahru, 187 Mamat Pushi, 91 Kraft, George Frederick Vincent, 122 Manigraman, 27, 28 kshatriya thesis, 12 Mappilas, 36 Kulam Katiru Navalar, 61 Marco Polo, 32, 69 Kulke, Hermann, 3 Perlak, 35 Margoliouth, D.S., 137 L maritime Southeast Asia, 39 Labbai, 52, 53 maritime trade, 25 Laffan, Michael, 38 Muslim dominance, 18 Lauterbach, Julius, 124 Marrison, G.E., 49 Leiden University, 56, 71 Markaz Dua Tabligh, 201 Leiden University Library, 54 Markaz Masjid Muhammadiyah, 201, Lieberman, Victor, 8, 9 202 Lincke, Paul, 96 Marx, theory of the Asiatic Mode of lithographic printing presses, 95 Production, 6 Lombard, Denys, 15 Marxist historiography, 6 (Chulia), 58 M matrilineality, 36 Ma’bar, 48 Maududi, 156 Ma’bar-Nusantara interactions, 52 Maulana Ahmad, 143 Ma’bari Islamic traditions, 49 Maulana Muhammad Barkatullah, 136 Mabbett, Ian, 12 Maulana Muhammad Ilyas Madrasah Muhammadiyah, 177 Kandhalawi, 197 Madrasah Nurul Ittifaq, 179, 182 Maulana Muhammad Qassim Mahfil-i Zauqiyya, 229 Nanotawi, 197 Majapahit empire, 17 Mauryan empire, 2 Makhdum Sahib, 94, 97 Mauryan state, structure of, 3 Maktubat-i imam-i rabbani, 179 mawlid poetry, 59 Malabar, Islamization, 25–47 McKinnon, E. Edwards, xxiii Malabar Coast Medina-making, 164 Islamization, xv, xx Melaka, capture of, 33 trading communities, 41 Metcalf, Barbara, xiv, 181, 189 Yuan mission, 32 Middle East, centre of Muslim World, Malay Muslim tradition, xviii xix Malay States Guides, 123, 124 Ming emperors, 32 Malay States Guides Mule Battery, 125 Mirza Bashiruddin Mahmood Hasan, Malayo-Tamil networks, Islam in, 137 49–53 Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, 137, 168 Malaysian aloe woods, 31 Mirza Wali Ahmad Baig, 138, 143 Malaysian Armed Forces, 208 Mendu, 91

12 IslamiCon Index.indd 241 7/21/09 9:48:28 AM 242 Index

Mohammad Ali Jinnah, 161 Na’ina Husam al-Din, 50 Mohammed Roem, 150, 156 Naqshbandiyya, 75 Mo’tamar-i Alam-i Islami, 158 naskhi-based calligraphic style, 53 monsoon system, 26 nationalist sentiments, 1930s, 2 , architectural forms of, xvi Nawabshah, xiii Mughal empire, 4 Nepal, 7 Mughal historiography, review of, 20 Netherlands Indies, 118, 119, 122 Muhamed Zamen, 124 newspapers, 92 Muhammad Ali, 175 Nigeria, population, xxii Muhammad Ali al-Hindi, 97, 100 Nik Abdul Aziz, 177–78, 185–89 Muhammad bin Fadlullah al- education and training, 178, 180 Burhanpuri, 56 Northwest Frontier Province, 207 Muhammad Husayn Batalvi, 142 Nur al-Din al-Raniri, 151, 183–85 Muhammad Iqbal, 145, 149, 150 objections to Wujudi approaches, Muhammad Jilani Hamid, 176 184 Muhammad Khalji, 51 Nur al-Din Muhammad, 176 Muhammad Shafi, 160 Nur Alam Shah, 125, 126 Muhammad Siraj, 94, 98, 101 Muhammad Zaugi Shah, 221 O Muharram, observances, xxiii Oetoesan-Hindia, 118 Muharram processions, 59 Oliveiro, R.A., 100 Muktamar Islam, 182 Opium War, 118 Mule Battery, 126 Orissa, 14 multi-centred political systems, 13 Osman Khan, 124 Munsyi Abdullah, 50 Osman Raliby, 159 Munsyi Muhammad Said, 93 Ottoman Empire, 109, 115, 118 Muslim fundamentalism, 151 alliance with Germany, 123 Muslim India and Islamic Review, 138 conflict with Great Britain, 113 Muslim nations, populations, xxii Muslim Necan, 60, 61 P Muslim prisoners-of-war, 117 Pagan, 17 Muslim societies, historical formations, Pahang, British Protection, 115 xiv Pakistan Institute of World Affairs, Muslim Tamil, textual traditions, xx 156 Muslim trade networks, 25–47 Pakistan Mosque, Kota Bahru, 207 Muslim traders, networks, 28–31 Pakistan, populations, xxii Muslims, Urdu-speaking, 52 Pakpattan Sharif, xxi Mutiny of 1957, 119 Palembang, 95 Muziris, 27 Pallava script, 14 Pan-Islamism, 137 N Pancasila, 156 , 58 Pansjurah, 100 Naguib Al-Attas, 176 Pariaman, xvii

12 IslamiCon Index.indd 242 7/21/09 9:48:30 AM Index 243

Parkin, David, 36 R Parsi theatre, 89 Rasjad, E., 162 Parsi theatre companies, 95 Rasul Malai, 55 Parti Islam SeMalaysia (PAS), 179 Reconstruction of Religious Thoughts in coming to power in Kelantan, 186 Islam, 154 government, 187 regional Islam, debates, xv Pasha, Ahmad ’Urabi, 60 Reid, Anthony, 8, 33 Pathan community, 207 reversed Orientalism, 213 Pembela Islam, 145 Review of Religions, The, 140 , Keramat Dato Koya, 58 Riau, 95 Perlak, 35 Ridout, Dudley, 115 Persatuan Islam (Persis), 145, 217 Rifat, M.M., 117 Persian chronicles, 2 Rinkes, D.A., 128 Perso-Urdu tradition, 101 Risalah Ahmadiyya, 143 Pertubuhan Perpaduan Pembebasan Rochor River, , 96 Patani, 201 Rothermund, Dietmar, xv pesantren movement, 75 Philippine language, Indian influences, S 27 Salafism, xviii pilgrimage networks, Indian Ocean, Salvatore, Armando, 135 224–28 Samudera-Pasai kingdom, 18 piracy, 33 Sanskrit kavya, 16 Pires, Tomé, xvii, 33 Sarekat Buruh Islam Indonesia, 155, Plato, 162 162 Pollock, Sheldon, 15, 16, 24, 55 Sarekat Islam, 122, 134, 144 Polo, Marco, 32 Sayf al-Rijal, 177 Pondok Darul Ansar Kampong Lalo, Sayyid Ahmad Khan, 60 188 Sayyid Muhamad Aqil, 127 pre-colonial Asia, history, 1–10 Sayyid Yusuf Saddiq, 226 pre-Islamic Arabia, 153 Sayyid Umar, 115, 127, 176 Prince of Wales Theatrical Company, School for Native Civil Servants, 122 91 School for Native Teachers, 122 Proclamation of Liberty, 136 Seh Samud, 73 Progressive Islam, xxi, 145, 150, 151, Sejarah Melayu, 51, 177 152, 158, 161, 162 Semarang, 92 Protector of Turkey, 111 Sepoys, 95 Pulau Besar, 225 Serat Dermagandhul, 82 Serat Samud, 69 Q Serjeant, R.B., 37 Qadianism, 163 Seroean Party Nasional Hindia, 122 Qadiri Sufi order, 38 Shafi‘i madhhab, 37 Qadiriyya order, 74 Shafi‘i traditions, xx Quanzhou Bay, 31 Shah al-Hamid, 59

12 IslamiCon Index.indd 243 7/21/09 9:48:31 AM 244 Index

Shah Waliullah, 151, 181 Srivijaya, 13 shahada, 79 decline of, 35 Shakh Wahid Bakhsh, 223 state-formation, 13 shari‘a-mindedness, ancient and Stein, Burton, 3 modern, 182–89 Straits Settlements, 58, 59 Shattariyya, 75 Legislative Council, 110 Shaykh al-Islam, 177 Subedar Muhamed Zaman, 126 Shihab al-Din bin Sulayman, 55 Subrahmanyam, Sanjay, 63 Sierra Leone, 116 Suez Canal, 117 Sinar Acheh, 145 opening of, 86 Sinar Djawa, 116 Sufi identity, across Indian Ocean, Sinar Islam, 143, 145 219–35 Singai Virthamani, 94 Sufi literature, South Indian, 69 Singapore Sufi masters, reformist agendas, 228 printing industry, 94, 100 Sufi ritual practices, 22 Rochor River, 96 Sufi tariqas, 37, 198 Singapore Jawi Peranakan community, , xviii, 18, 36–38, 162, 176 94 definition, 222 Singapore Mutiny, 123–27 Sukhothai, 17 Sino-Malabari relation, 33 Sukkur, xiii social history, rise of, 2 Sulayman bin Sadaq, 48, 51 South Asia, xiv Sultan al-‘Arifin, 225 Early Modern, 10 Sultan Iskandar Muda, 177 historiography, 7 Sultan Iskandar Thani, Aceh, 177 Islamization, 18 Sultan of Brunei, 114 theatre texts, 97 Sultan of Johore, 127 Sultan of Kedah, 90 rise of Cholas, 29 Sultan of Kelantan, 115 Sufi literature, 69 Suluk Ngabdulsalam, 76 South Indian trade, Southeast Asia, 26 Suluk Seh Ngabdulsalam, 82 South-Eastern Islamists, 155, 156 Sunda Islands, 33 Southall, Aidan, 3 Surabaya, 92, 95 Southeast Asia Syair Indera Sebaha, 99 Age of Commerce, 9 Syair Laili Majnun, 98, 99 Arab community, 115 Syed, J.W., 150, 158 Arab interest in, 30 key trading entrepôt, 14 T spice trade, 31–34 Tablighi conversion narratives, 211 Tamil-speaking Muslims, 50 Tablighi Jama’at, 135, 195–213, 199 trade and Islam, 35–36 Indianization of Southeast Asia, 196 trade with South Asia, 26 Tablighi Jama’at movement, 61 Sri Indramawan, 91 formation of, 197 Sri Mudawan, 91 Tablighi network, 196

12 IslamiCon Index.indd 244 7/21/09 9:48:32 AM Index 245

Taj Mahal, 205 van Ronkel, Ph. S., xxiii Talal Asad, 157 Victoria Memorial Hall, 134 Tambaiah, Stanley, 6 Victoria Theatrical Company, 90 Tang dynasty, 32 Vijayanagara empire, 28 Tanglin Barracks, 124, 125 Vittiya Vicarini, 61 Tankai Cinekan, 60 von Moltke, Helmuth Johannes tarekat, 74, 75 Ludwig, 119 Thapar, Romila, 3 von Sanders, Otto Liman, 111 theatre plays, books from, 95–101 theistic democracy, 159 W theories of cultural contact, South and wahdat al-shudud, 179 Southeast Asia, 1–24 Wahid Bakhsh Rabbani, 221 theory of Indianization, 14 Walther, Christoph Theodosius, 53 theory of the mandala, 6 Wang Da-yuan, 32 Tjokroaminoto, H.O.S., 144 Wassmuss, Wilhelm, 118 Tokyo School of Foreign Languages, wayang kulit, 95 136 Wayang Parsi, xx transculturation, 15 Wayang Parsi troupe, 91 Tsar of Russia, 114 wayang theatre, 73 Turkic conquests, 2 Wazie Indie, 60 weapons, smuggling of, 120 U Weberian theories, 6 Uch Sharif, 226 Weltpolitik, 110 umma, global, xiii Western colonialism, 199 Ummahat al-Muminin, 142 Wheatley, Paul, 13, 34 United Malays National Organization Windels, E., 120 (UMNO), 185 Wittfogel, Karl, 6 United States, rise of, 6 Wolters, O.W., 5, 6, 13, 24 universal sovereignty, 15 World War I, 109 University Al-Jamiah Al-Islamiah, wujudiyya, 177 179 University of Indonesia, library, 71 Y University of Lahore, 182 Yakopu Cittar, 53 Urdu, 90 Yemen, 37 plays in, 96 Rasulid dynasty, 30 Urdu-speaking Muslims, 52 Yong-le (Emperor), 32 Yusuf al-Maqassari, 50 V vaishya theories, 12 Z vaishyas, 18 Zafar Ali Khan, 140 van Leur, J.C., 5 Zheng He, 33

12 IslamiCon Index.indd 245 7/21/09 9:48:33 AM