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Reaching the Non-Literate Peoples of the World

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Reaching the Non-Literate Peoples of the World Editorial: Reaching the Non-Literate Peoples of the World hese are very exciting days as we multitudes of non-readers are usually the a proper understanding of salvation. All T see our Lord building His least reached with the Gospel. It’s the non-literate unreached peoples of Church and drawing to Himself people becoming increasingly obvious that the the world must be reached with the mes- from every people, tribe, tongue and only way they will be reached is sage of Christ! nation. Yet despite great progress, there through some form of Gospel audio- This special edition of the Journal are still formidable barriers that need communication strategy. Like the focuses on that awesome challenge. to be overcome. Among these are the lit- Blackfoot Indians of North America, who What will it take for the Gospel to be eracy (illiteracy) and language bar- prefer audio-Scriptures, and have lit- available to all the peoples of the riers. Not only do we need to be aware of tle or no interest in learning to read, earth—including the thousands of non- these barriers, but also to take note of including their own language. In reading peoples? Certainly it will the tools that God has put into our hands some cultures this changes, but usually take prayer and intercession, coupled to penetrate them. only after they become Christian. with a new perspective of the task at Thanks to the tireless work done by However, even at that, examples abound hand and new ways to communicate the Bible translators, nearly 2,000 lan- where Scripture translations have Word. It will also require renewed guage groups now have either a Scripture been completed for 10 or 15 years, yet and greater commitment on our part, top portion, a New Testament or the com- today only one or two percent of the notch research, use of the best tools plete Bible in their language. These are people can read them, and even less actu- to pull it off—with adequate finances to vital “tools” if the church in the vari- ally read them on a regular basis. As support the whole effort! ous people groups is to mature and a result, many Bible translators have con- As you read, we trust you will be become viable. However, research sidered supplementing their written challenged anew by each article and shows that slightly about half of the translations by putting Scriptures on cas- every author as they focus on a particular world’s adult population is non- settes. literate. Statistics compiled in 1992 by aspect or complexity of the task— Organizations such as Gospel David Barrett (Editor of the World basic Gospel communication to lost peo- Recordings, United Bible Societies, Christian Encyclopedia) place the count ple clustered in ethnolinguistic Hosanna Ministries and Audio Scripture of non-literates worldwide at very groups who cannot read, They are lost International have taken the lead, and close to two billion. In spite of the many because the Gospel still hasn’t been for some years now have put Gospel mes- on-going efforts by governments and brought to them in their own lan- sages on tape to communicate God’s agencies to teach literacy, this figure guages,nor has it seriously been pre- Word to thousands of non-literate people. could rise to 2.4 billion by AD 2000. sented to them in terms of their own cul- Even so, millions still have not had The United Nations entitled the tural situations and values. We must the opportunity of hearing the Gospel in a 1980s “The Lost Decade” because see it for what it is: The burden of respon- language they speak and can under- illiteracy increased significantly during sibility (and often the lack of fruit) stand. Currently thousands of tribes and that period. Contributing factors for lies with us, the communicators of the unreached people groups have no real this increase are: Word! May we see and learn so that access nor opportunity to hear the mes- for God’s glory the two billion plus non- * The 35 poorest nations of the sage of God’s love in a way that can literate people of the world, clustered world decreased their education budget touch them. They truly are without the in thousands of people groups, may by 25%. Word of God, and do not have the clearly hear the Good News. May it * In Zaire (even before the civil war) ability to call on the Lord and be saved. 20% of the teachers were fired. be soon, even by AD 2000! The goal of Christian mission * In Ghana, (official report of 36% efforts in general, and frontier missions in literacy), many unqualified teachers particular, must be to give every lan- teach for only one or two hours a day. guage group in the world the message of * In Benin schools have been the Gospel in a simple yet culturally Dr. Hans M. Weerstra, editor IJFM, closed for several years because a corrupt relevant way. The recorded messages and Ross Lange, of Gospel Record- government has misappropriated must clearly explain the way of salva- ings. June 1995 monies designated for education. tion centered in Christ and His perfect fin- El Paso, Texas We need to consider the fact that ished work, as well as lay the basis of INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FRONTIER MISSIONS, VOL 12:2 APR.-JUN. 1995 Dependence on Literacy Strategy: Taking a Hard Second Look If we are serious about reaching the unreached peoples of the world, we cannot afford to rely on a strategy that half the world does not use or understand! by Herbert Klem alf the world has no Bible.” So in order to become spiritually mature. country. Both are Nigerian historians and “H read the banner at our mis- Many of us believe that as long as agree that the introduction of literacy sion conference. It is thrilling to see the people do not read, they will remain spiri- to West Africa, along with the other pres- growing focus on reaching the tually immature, and certainly cannot sures of modernization, such as remaining unreached people groups of the become leaders in their churches. industrialization and commercial relations world. We now recognize that identi- In the time of Jesus, some people with the wider world economy, have fying with the local language and customs did believe this, but Jesus did not. led the forces that have transformed all of can be extremely helpful. The very Although He could read, He did not West Africa, and Nigeria in particu- idea of “people group strategy” is that write any of His teachings, but taught His lar, into modernity. They are thankful for evangelism is more productive when disciples to recite from memory. In the mission contribution to the devel- outreach to people takes place using their the early days of the Church, Christ's opment of education in the region, but are own familiar methods of communica- message was preserved orally and also profoundly troubled by these tion rather than using those foreign to came into writing 15 to 30 years later. events for several reasons. Pastors and them. Even so, have we considered The extent to which we use books to missionaries have encountered simi- rethinking our approach to our most basic teach the Bible is a cultural choice, not a lar serious problems, and question how communication tool–the Bible? How biblical requirement. David sang the much these are the result of our use can you communicate the message of Psalms, he probably did not write at all. of literacy in settings where most people “The Book” without using the printed Others later gathered the Psalms from do not appreciate reading. What fol- page? singers and wrote them down to preserve lows in this article are results of using lit- One thing is clear, most Bible them. Some parts of the Bible were eracy in non-literate areas, together characters in their day, used books and lit- clearly developed through writing, and with some of my observations and sug- erature far less than we do in ours. So others are the product of an oral tradi- gestions. are Bible songs, and Bible story-telling as tion that was spiritually mature, but prob- well as Bibles on cassettes a radical ably not highly literate. shift away from being biblical? Perhaps Division and Conflicts it’s more like going back to the The major impact of missions in basics. Would we do anything differently Literacy and Spiritual Growth Nigeria was the introduction of liter- if we discovered that Jesus and David Most of the modern mission move- acy and schools, with the result of divid- did not write any of their teachings in ment has worked on the assumption ing their homogeneous communities books, but rather used oral tradition, that literacy is essential to evangelism, into a two or three class system separated including poetry, to keep their teachings spiritual maturity and church growth. into literates and non-literates consist- alive? Theodore Tucker summarizes the general ing of upwardly mobile educated groups, strategy of missions in regard to the and the non-reading more traditional Literacy in a Non-Literate World vision of reaching a community to estab- segments. These historians see benefits lish a church. It has been a character- from the development of churches If we trace the roots of the modern istic Protestant method of evangelism and and hospitals, but note the creation of a Evangelical mission movement back new elite as an unintended, yet much to William Carey’s great efforts to reach education to seek to teach everyone the world of his day, modern mis- to read in order that they may find for more important result.
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