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Schedlbauer, Martin (2015). Introduction to Web Development

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Schedlbauer, Martin (2015). Introduction to Web Development Introduction to Web Introduction to Web Development Development Martin Schedlbauer, Ph.D. Ars Doceo Version 1.01 Introduction to Web Development Published by Ars Doceo Press Boston, Massachusetts Copyright © 2015 by Martin Schedlbauer ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Schedlbauer, Martin J. Introduction to Web Development M. Schedlbauer p.cm Includes index. 1. Web Development. 2. Computer Software – Development The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. The programs, applications, diagrams, models, and examples presented in this book have been included for their instructional value only. They have been prepared with care but are not guaranteed for any particular purpose. The publisher does not offer any warranties or representations, nor does it accept any liabilities with respect to the programs or applications. The author shall not be liable for errors contained herein, or for any direct or indirect, incidental, special or consequential damages in connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this material. The author reserves all rights, including copyright, in all aspects of this book, including any software and models. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except for brief quotations in review articles or online posts. No challenge to the status or ownership of these or any other trademarked terms contained herein is intended by Ars Valorem Press or Martin Schedlbauer. Special thanks for Sahil Chhabra for his diligent efforts in editing several versions of the manuscript. Table of Contents ARCHITECTURE OF THE WEB ............................................................................................ 11 WHAT IS THE WEB? ............................................................................................................. 11 INTERNET ..................................................................................................................................... 12 4G/3G ........................................................................................................................................ 12 IEEE 802.11................................................................................................................................ 12 T1 .............................................................................................................................................. 13 COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS ........................................................................................................ 13 HTTP .......................................................................................................................................... 13 SMTP ......................................................................................................................................... 13 FTP ............................................................................................................................................. 13 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES........................................................................................................... 14 HTML ......................................................................................................................................... 14 CSS ............................................................................................................................................. 14 JavaScript .................................................................................................................................. 14 WHAT IS WEB DEVELOPMENT? .............................................................................................. 15 WHAT DO I NEED TO LEARN? ................................................................................................. 15 BROWSERS AND WEB SERVERS ............................................................................................... 15 DOCUMENTS ...................................................................................................................... 16 DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS ........................................................................................................ 16 GENERATING DYNAMIC DOCUMENTS ....................................................................................... 17 THE URL ........................................................................................................................... 17 FORMAT OF THE URL ........................................................................................................... 17 PROTOCOLS ....................................................................................................................... 18 SUPPORTED PROTOCOLS ....................................................................................................... 18 DOMAIN OR IP ADDRESS ....................................................................................................... 18 DOMAIN NAME SYSTEM (DNS) .............................................................................................. 19 WHAT IS WITH THE ‘WWW’ PREFIX? ........................................................................................ 20 TOP-LEVEL DOMAIN (TLD) .................................................................................................... 20 HOW DO I GET A TLD? ......................................................................................................... 21 HOW TO FIND IF A DOMAIN NAME IS ALREADY IN USE? ................................................................. 21 LONG URLS AND URL SHORTENING ........................................................................................ 21 URL SHORTENING ......................................................................................................................... 21 HOW THE HTTP WORKS ....................................................................................................... 22 CONNECTING TO THE INTERNET .............................................................................................. 23 HOW DOES WI-FI WORK? ..................................................................................................... 23 SEARCH ENGINES ................................................................................................................ 24 SUMMARY......................................................................................................................... 24 PLANNING A WEBSITE ..................................................................................................... 25 CONTENT PLANNING ............................................................................................................ 25 KNOW THE USER! ............................................................................................................... 25 USE CASE ..................................................................................................................................... 25 USE CASES AND MINI STORIES ............................................................................................... 26 UNIFIED MODELLING LANGUAGE (UML) .......................................................................................... 26 CONTENT PLANNING WITH CARD SORTING ................................................................................ 27 TRACKING CONTENT WITH INVENTORIES ................................................................................... 28 CONTENT INVENTORY ..................................................................................................................... 28 CONTENT INVENTORY ELEMENTS ..................................................................................................... 29 PAPER AND SKETCHBOARDS ................................................................................................... 30 SITE MAP DIAGRAMS ........................................................................................................... 33 ITERATIVE DESIGN ............................................................................................................... 36 USABILITY TESTING .............................................................................................................. 36 SUMMARY......................................................................................................................... 38 USING MARKUP LANGUAGES: HTML & MARKDOWN ....................................................... 39 WHAT IS HTML? ................................................................................................................ 39 ROLE OF HTML ............................................................................................................................ 39 HTML MARKUP TAGS ................................................................................................................... 41 A SIMPLE HTML PAGE ................................................................................................................... 42 Head tag .................................................................................................................................... 42 HEADINGS ........................................................................................................................
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