BIRD NEWS Vol. 28 No. 4 Winter 2017
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Habitats for Evidence Base
Bogs Version 1.2 - April 2010 BOGS Bogs are acid peatlands supporting specialised flora and fauna, fed predominantly by rain water. They require water-logging for peat formation and this peat acts as a carbon sink. UK Priority Habitats covered by this statement: Blanket bog Lowland raised bog Cumbria Biodiversity Action Plan habitats covered by this statement: Blanket bog Lowland raised mire Contents Description Distribution and Extent Conservation Issues Planning Considerations Enhancement Opportunities Blanket Bog © Stephen Hewitt Habitat Targets Key Species Further Information Contacts Current Action in Cumbria Description Bogs are peatlands that receive their nutrients from rainfall, as opposed to fens which receive their nutrients from ground water. Bogs may have similar vegetation cover to heathland but they have a deeper peat layer (more than 0.5m). There are two types of bog in Cumbria: blanket bogs, which are mantles of peat formed in the uplands over gently undulating hills, on plateaux and in hollows; and lowland raised bogs, which develop in hollows and shallow lakes on low-lying, level ground, near to estuaries or on the floodplains of rivers, where decaying vegetation has built up to form quite obvious raised mounds of peat. Bogs require permanently waterlogged conditions for peat to form and accumulate from dead plant material that only partially decomposes. Decomposition is unable to fully take place because the lack of oxygen prevents the action of micro-organisms. Bog vegetation is characterised by Sphagnum bog mosses, Cotton-grasses, Cross-leaved Heath and Heather. Sundews, Bog Rosemary and Cranberry are also common. Blanket bogs are important for the populations of breeding birds which they support, including Golden Plover, Dunlin, Curlew, Red Grouse, Black Grouse, Short-eared Owl, Hen Harrier and Merlin. -
ANTIQUARIAN to SIGHTSEER: a Bibliographical Study of the Literature Inspired by the Topography and People of an Area of 10 Miles Around Ingleton
ANTIQUARIAN TO SIGHTSEER: A Bibliographical Study of the Literature inspired by the topography and people of an area of 10 miles around Ingleton. HUTTON REV AUTHOR SURNAME: B TITLE: …... FIRST NAMES: JOHN DATES OF BIRTH AND DEATH: BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES: 1740? - 1806 Spent his infancy & youth in this area. Attended Sedbergh School. At the time of writing was the vicar at Burton in Kendal. TITLE: A TOUR TO THE CAVES, IN THE ENVIRONS OF INGLEBOROUGH AND SETTLE IN THE WEST RIDING OF YORKSHIRE WITH SOME PHILOSOPHICAL CONJECTURES ON THE DELUGE, REMARKS ON THE ORIGIN OF FOUNTAINS AND OBSERVATIONS ON THE ASCENT AND DESCENT OF VAPOURS, OCCASIONED BY FACTS PECULIAR TO THE PLACES VISITED. ALSO A LARGE GLOSSARY of old and original Words made use of in ordinary Conversation in the North of England. PLACE OF PUBLICATION: LONDON / KENDAL PUBLISHER: Printed for Richardson & Urquhart, J.Robson / W. Pennington EDITION: VOLUMES 1 DATE OF PUBLICATION 1781 2 SIZE: FOLIO QUARTO OCTAVO SEXTO - DECIMO Actual ** TEXT: Pp. i – iv, 5 – 100 P.100: Table of roads and distances Only a small vignette at the close. PLATES: NOTES : MAPS: None LOCATION: Lancaster University Library – Rare Books BINDING: Half calf, gilt, marbled boards NOTES: Opening letter to Thomas Pearson of Burton in Kendal 1780. Travelling from Kirkby Lonsdale to Cowan Bridge remarks “The number of small carts laden with coals, and each dragged by one sorry horse, that we met, was astonishing. Many of the smaller farmers earn their bread by carrying coals from pits at Ingleton and Black Burton..” They also burn lime to manure their land. -
North Pennine Moors SAC Conservation Objectives Supplementary Advice
European Site Conservation Objectives: supplementary advice on conserving and restoring site features North Pennine Moors Special Area of Conservation (SAC) Site code: UK0030033 Natural England copyright, 2012 Date of Publication: 28 January 2019 Page 1 of 102 About this document This document provides Natural England’s supplementary advice about the European Site Conservation Objectives relating to North Pennine Moors SAC. This advice should therefore be read together with the SAC Conservation Objectives available here. Where this site overlaps with other European Site(s), you should also refer to the separate European Site Conservation Objectives and Supplementary Advice (where available) provided for those sites. You should use the Conservation Objectives, this Supplementary Advice and any case-specific advice given by Natural England, when developing, proposing or assessing an activity, plan or project that may affect this site. This Supplementary Advice to the Conservation Objectives presents attributes which are ecological characteristics of the designated species and habitats within a site. The listed attributes are considered to be those that best describe the site’s ecological integrity and which, if safeguarded, will enable achievement of the Conservation Objectives. Each attribute has a target which is either quantified or qualitative depending on the available evidence. The target identifies as far as possible the desired state to be achieved for the attribute. The tables provided below bring together the findings of the best available scientific evidence relating to the site’s qualifying features, which may be updated or supplemented in further publications from Natural England and other sources. The local evidence used in preparing this supplementary advice has been cited. -
Mineral Reconnaissance Programme Report
I -- _..._ Natural Environment Research Council -2 Institute of Geological Sciences - -- Mineral Reconnaissance Programme Report c- - _.a - A report prepared for the Department of Industry This report relates to work carried out by the British Geological Survey on behalf of the Department of Trade and Industry. The information contained herein must not be published without reference to the Director, British Geological Survey. D. Ostle Programme Manager British Geological Survey Keyworth Nottingham NG12 5GG No. 71 A regional geochemical soil investigation of the Carboniferous Limestone areas south of Kendal (south Cumbria and north Lancashire) I I I I I I I- I I I I I I I 1 I I I 1 I I I I I I I 1 I I I BRITISH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Natural Environment Research Council Mineral Reconnaissance Programme I Report No. 71 A regional geochemical soil investigation of the Carboniferous Limestone areas south of Kendal (south Cumbria and north Lancashire) J. H. Bateson, BSc, MIMM C. C. Johnson, PhD I 0 Crown copyright 1984 London 1984 A report prepared for the Department of Trade and Industry Mineral Reconnaissance Programme Reports 58 Investigation of small intrusions in southern Scotland 31 Geophysical investigations in the 59 Stratabound arsenic and vein antimony Closehouse-Lunedale area mineralisation in Silurian greywackes at Glendinning, south Scotland 32 Investigations at Polyphant, near Launceston, Cornwall 60 Mineral investigations at Carrock Fell, Cumbria. 33 Mineral investigations at Carrock Fell, Cumbria. Part 2 -Geochemical investigations -
Landscape Conservation Action Plan Part 1
Fellfoot Forward Landscape Conservation Action Plan Part 1 Fellfoot Forward Landscape Partnership Scheme Landscape Conservation Action Plan 1 Fellfoot Forward is led by the North Pennines AONB Partnership and supported by the National Lottery Heritage Fund. Our Fellfoot Forward Landscape Partnership includes these partners Contents Landscape Conservation Action Plan Part 1 1. Acknowledgements 3 8 Fellfoot Forward LPS: making it happen 88 2. Foreword 4 8.1 Fellfoot Forward: the first steps 89 3. Executive Summary: A Manifesto for Our Landscape 5 8.2 Community consultation 90 4 Using the LCAP 6 8.3 Fellfoot Forward LPS Advisory Board 93 5 Understanding the Fellfoot Forward Landscape 7 8.4 Fellfoot Forward: 2020 – 2024 94 5.1 Location 8 8.5 Key milestones and events 94 5.2 What do we mean by landscape? 9 8.6 Delivery partners 96 5.3 Statement of Significance: 8.7 Staff team 96 what makes our Fellfoot landscape special? 10 8.8 Fellfoot Forward LPS: Risk register 98 5.4 Landscape Character Assessment 12 8.9 Financial arrangements 105 5.5 Beneath it all: Geology 32 8.10 Scheme office 106 5.6 Our past: pre-history to present day 38 8.11 Future Fair 106 5.7 Communities 41 8.12 Communications framework 107 5.8 The visitor experience 45 8.13 Evaluation and monitoring 113 5.9 Wildlife and habitats of the Fellfoot landscape 50 8.14 Changes to Scheme programme and budget since first stage submission 114 5.10 Moorlands 51 9 Key strategy documents 118 5.11 Grassland 52 5.12 Rivers and Streams 53 APPENDICES 5.13 Trees, woodlands and hedgerows 54 1 Glossary -
Open Zone Map in a New
Crosby Garrett Kirkby Stephen Orion Smardale Grasmere Raisbeck Nateby Sadgill Ambleside Tebay Kelleth Kentmere Ravenstonedale Skelwith Bridge Troutbeck Outhgill Windermere Selside Zone 1 M6 Hawkshead Aisgill Grayrigg Bowness-on-Windermere Bowston Lowgill Monday/Tuesday Near Sawrey Burneside Mitchelland Crook Firbank 2 Kendal Lunds Killington Sedburgh Garsdale Head Zone 2 Lake Crosthwaite Bowland Oxenholme Garsdale Brigsteer Wednesday Bridge Killington Broughton-in-Furness 1 Rusland Old Hutton Cartmel Fell Lakeside Dent Cowgill Lowick Newby Bridge Whitbarrow National Levens M6 Middleton Stone House Nature Reserve Foxfield Bouth Zone 3 A595 Backbarrow A5092 The Green Deepdale Crooklands Heversham Penny Bridge A590 High Newton A590 Mansergh Barbon Wednesday/Thursday Kirkby-in-Furness Milnthorpe Meathop A65 Kirksanton Lindale Storth Gearstones Millom Kirkby Lonsdale Holme A595 Ulverston Hutton Roof Zone 4 Haverigg Grange-over-Sands Askam-in-Furness Chapel-le-Dale High Birkwith Swarthmoor Arnside & Burton-in-Kendal Leck Cark Silverdale AONB Yealand Whittington Flookburgh A65 Thursday A590 Redmayne Ingleborough National Bardsea Nature Reserve New Houses Dalton-in-Furness M6 Tunstall Ingleton A687 A590 Warton Horton in Kettlewell Arkholme Amcliffe Scales Capernwray Ribblesdale North Walney National Zone 5 Nature Reserve A65 Hawkswick Carnforth Gressingham Helwith Bridge Barrow-in-Furness Bentham Clapham Hornby Austwick Tuesday Bolton-le-Sands Kilnsey A683 Wray Feizor Malham Moor Stainforth Conistone Claughton Keasden Rampside Slyne Zone 6 Morecambe -
The Metalliferous Mines of Cartmel and South Lonsdale
BRITISH MINING No.89 THE METALLIFEROUS MINES OF CARTMEL AND SOUTH LONSDALE by MAX MOSELEY MONOGRAPH OF THE NORTHERN MINE RESEARCH SOCIETY JANUARY 2010 CONTENTS Page List of illustrations 2 Acknowledgements 3 Introduction 4 History of research 7 Abbreviations 9 Geology and mineralogy 11 Form and occurrence of the ore bodies 11 Mineralogy of the ores 12 Gangue and minor minerals 13 Other mineral occurrences in the district 13 Natural cavities and sedimentary infills 13 Outline of the geological history of the area 15 Origin and genesis of the ores 19 History – background and early history 29 Early history 29 Norman Conquest to eighteenth century 30 Eighteenth and nineteenth centuries 30 Copper and other non-ferrous metals 33 Overview 33 The Society of Mines Royal 34 The seventeenth century 35 The eighteenth century 36 Warton Crag: to Inclosure Act of 1777 39 Warton Crag: Towneley v Gibson Dispute 1777-1791 40 Employment 44 Storth, Lindeth and Silverdale 44 The nineteenth century 45 Warton Crag: Dawson lease of 1836 45 The Warton Crag, Silverdale and Leighton Mining Co. (1837-41) 46 Other non-ferrous metals 49 Haematite 54 Overview 54 The monastic period: 1127-1536 55 Stagnation: 1537-1705 59 Early eighteenth century: two decades of change 60 The coming of the railways (1830) and Bessemer steel (1856) 64 The mid-19th century industry in South Lonsdale 65 The Bolton-le-Sands venture 67 Walduck’s early ventures (1860-1879) 68 The Warton and Silverdale Mining Company (1879-1890) 70 The Warton Mining and Colour Co., Ltd. (1889-1892) 72 Employment in the Warton mines 73 A 21st century footnote 73 Industrial archaeology and sites catalogue 78 1. -
Kendal Fellwalkers Programme Summer 2015 Information From: Secretary 01539 720021 Or Programme Secretary 01524 762255
Kendal Fellwalkers Programme Summer 2015 Information from: Secretary 01539 720021 or Programme Secretary 01524 762255 www.kendalfellwalkers.co.uk Date Grade Area of Walk Leader Time at Starting Point Grid Time Kendal Ref. walk starts 05/04/2015 A Mardale round (Naddle, Margaret 08:30 Burnbanks NY508161 09:10 Kidsty Pike, Wether Hill) Lightburn (16mi 4300ft) B Murton Pike, High Cup Nick, Ken Taylor 08:30 Murton CP NY730220 09:40 Maize Beck, Scordale (13mi 3000ft) C Kirkby Malham, Gordale Chris Lloyd 08:30 Verges at Green Gate 09:30 Scar, Malham Tarn (10mi (near Kirkby Malham) 1600ft) SD897611 12/04/2015 A The Four Passes (14mi Chris Michalak 08:30 Seathwaite Farm 09:45 6000ft) NY235122 B Grange Fell, High Spy, Janet & Derek 08:30 Layby on B5289 N of 09:35 Maiden Moor, lakeshore Capper bridge, Grange-in- (11.5mi 3700ft) Borrowdale NY256176 C White Gill, Yewdale Fells, Dudley 08:30 Roadside beyond 09:15 Wetherlam, Black Sails (8mi Hargreaves Ruskin Museum 2800ft) SD301978 19/04/2015 A Staveley to Pooley Bridge Conan Harrod 08:30 Staveley (Wilf's CP) 08:45 (Sour Howes, Ill Bell, High SD471983 Street) (21.5mi 5100ft) (Linear walk. Please contact leader in advance.) B Three Tarns (Easdale, Stickle, Steve Donson 08:30 Layby on A591 north of 09:10 Lingmoor) and Silver How Swan Inn, Grasmere (13mi 4600ft) NY337086 C Bowscale Fell, Bannerdale Alison Gilchrist 08:30 Mungrisdale village hall 09:20 Crags, Souther Fell (7mi NY363302 2000ft) 26/04/2015 A Lingmell via Piers Gill, Jill Robertson 08:30 Seathwaite Farm 09:45 Scafell Pike, Glaramara (12mi -
13 Annex to Appendix B
Addressee Designation Cllr Jim Buchanan Cumbria County Council Clrl Anne Burns Cumbria County Council Cllr Douglas Fairbairn Cumbria County Council Cllr John Bell Cumbria County Council Cllr John Mallinson Cumbria County Council Cllr Liz Mallinson Cumbria County Council Cllr Hugh McDevitt Cumbria County Council Cllr Reg Watson Cumbria County Council Cllr Stewart Young Cumbria County Council Cllr Alan Toole Cumbria County Council Cllr Heather Bradley Cumbria County Council Cllr Cyril Weber Cumbria County Council Cllr Ian Stockdale Cumbria County Council Cllr Robert Betton Cumbria County Council Clr Lawrence Fisher Cumbria County Council Cllr James Tootle Cumbria County Council Cllr Trevor Allison Cumbria County Council Cllr Amanda Long Cumbria County Council Cllr Nicholas Marriner Cumbria County Council Cllr Fiona Robson Cumbria County Council Jill Stannard Acting Chief Executive David Claxton Head of Member Services Angela Harwood Legal Services Paul Bell Media Officer Karen Rees Schools & Education HR Business Man David Sheard Area Support Manager Teresa Atkinson Labour Group Tony Wolfe Conservative Group Derek Houston Liberal Democrat Group Kate Astle Specialist Teaching Service Ruth Willey Senior Educational Psychologist Joan Lightfoot County Service Manager - Children wit Ana Harrison Speech Therapy Service Manager Ros Berry Children's Services Director & Commis Rose Foster Senior Specialist Advisory Teacher: De Marion Jones Autism Development Officer Angela Tunstall Department foe Children, Schools and Fran Gosling Thomas Children's -
Site Improvement Plan Morecambe Bay Pavements
Improvement Programme for England's Natura 2000 Sites (IPENS) Planning for the Future Site Improvement Plan Morecambe Bay Pavements Site Improvement Plans (SIPs) have been developed for each Natura 2000 site in England as part of the Improvement Programme for England's Natura 2000 sites (IPENS). Natura 2000 sites is the combined term for sites designated as Special Areas of Conservation (SAC) and Special Protected Areas (SPA). This work has been financially supported by LIFE, a financial instrument of the European Community. The plan provides a high level overview of the issues (both current and predicted) affecting the condition of the Natura 2000 features on the site(s) and outlines the priority measures required to improve the condition of the features. It does not cover issues where remedial actions are already in place or ongoing management activities which are required for maintenance. The SIP consists of three parts: a Summary table, which sets out the priority Issues and Measures; a detailed Actions table, which sets out who needs to do what, when and how much it is estimated to cost; and a set of tables containing contextual information and links. Once this current programme ends, it is anticipated that Natural England and others, working with landowners and managers, will all play a role in delivering the priority measures to improve the condition of the features on these sites. The SIPs are based on Natural England's current evidence and knowledge. The SIPs are not legal documents, they are live documents that will be updated to reflect changes in our evidence/knowledge and as actions get underway. -
Cumbria Classified Roads
Cumbria Classified (A,B & C) Roads - Published January 2021 • The list has been prepared using the available information from records compiled by the County Council and is correct to the best of our knowledge. It does not, however, constitute a definitive statement as to the status of any particular highway. • This is not a comprehensive list of the entire highway network in Cumbria although the majority of streets are included for information purposes. • The extent of the highway maintainable at public expense is not available on the list and can only be determined through the search process. • The List of Streets is a live record and is constantly being amended and updated. We update and republish it every 3 months. • Like many rural authorities, where some highways have no name at all, we usually record our information using a road numbering reference system. Street descriptors will be added to the list during the updating process along with any other missing information. • The list does not contain Recorded Public Rights of Way as shown on Cumbria County Council’s 1976 Definitive Map, nor does it contain streets that are privately maintained. • The list is property of Cumbria County Council and is only available to the public for viewing purposes and must not be copied or distributed. A (Principal) Roads STREET NAME/DESCRIPTION LOCALITY DISTRICT ROAD NUMBER Bowness-on-Windermere to A590T via Winster BOWNESS-ON-WINDERMERE SOUTH LAKELAND A5074 A591 to A593 South of Ambleside AMBLESIDE SOUTH LAKELAND A5075 A593 at Torver to A5092 via -
245 INDEX a Abbeys, See Churches Accommodation
© Lonely Planet Publications 245 Index INDEX A Bardsea 187 Brockhole Visitor Centre 61 abbeys,ABBREVIATIONS see churches Bassenthwaite Lake 153-5 Brougham Castle 205-6 accommodationACT Australian 215-17, Capital see also beer, see ales bus travel 226, 230-1 Territory individual locations Bewcastle Cross 203 bus passes 231 NSW New South Wales boutique camping 21, 72, 96, 169 bicycle hire bushwalking, see walking NT Northern Territory boutique hotels 68, 73, 81, 94, 95, Ambleside 83 business hours 219, see also inside Qld Queensland 117, 170, 180 Grizedale Forest 122 front cover SA South Australia romantic retreats 27, 27 Keswick 152 butterflies 52-3 Tas Tasmania activities 217-19, see also individual Penrith 207 Buttermere 144, 160-3, 108 Vic Victoria activities Staveley 74 WA Western Australia classic Lakeland itinerary 26, 26 Windermere 63 C tailored outdoors itinerary 28, 28 bicycle travel, see cycling cafes 48 air travel 226 Biggest Liar in the World 23, 137 Caldbeck 155 Aira Force 170-1 Birdoswald Roman Fort 203 Campbell, Donald 112, 114-15, 184 ales 47, 121, see also microbreweries birds 53, see also bird watching Campbell, Malcolm 114-15 Hawkshead Brewery 74 Bassenthwaite ospreys 153, camping 216 Jennings Brewery 158 154, 156 camping, boutique 21, 72, 96, 169 Allonby 192 golden eagles 176 canoeing Alston 209 Lakeland Birds of Prey Centre 175 Ambleside 77 Ambleside 76-83, 78-9 World Owl Centre 132 Coniston Water 115 accommodation 80-1 birdwatching 28, 53, 54, 28 Derwent Water 160, 7 activities 77-80 Foulshaw Moss 74 Ullswater 172