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Physostigmine Physostigmine sc-202764 Material Safety Data Sheet Hazard Alert Code Key: EXTREME HIGH MODERATE LOW Section 1 - CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION PRODUCT NAME Physostigmine STATEMENT OF HAZARDOUS NATURE CONSIDERED A HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE ACCORDING TO OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200. NFPA FLAMMABILITY1 HEALTH4 HAZARD INSTABILITY0 SUPPLIER Company: Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc. Address: 2145 Delaware Ave Santa Cruz, CA 95060 Telephone: 800.457.3801 or 831.457.3800 Emergency Tel: CHEMWATCH: From within the US and Canada: 877-715-9305 Emergency Tel: From outside the US and Canada: +800 2436 2255 (1-800-CHEMCALL) or call +613 9573 3112 SYNONYMS C15-H21-N3-O2, "carbamic acid, methyl-, ester with eseroline", CS-58525, erserine, eserine, "eserolein, methylcarbamate (ester)", physostol, "(3aS, 8aR)-1, 2, 3, 3a, 8, 8a-hexahydro-1, 3a, 8-trimethylpyrrolo[2, 3-", b)indol-5-ylmethylcarbamate, "miotic/ parasympathomimetic/ anticholinesterase" Section 2 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION CHEMWATCH HAZARD RATINGS Min Max Flammability: 1 Toxicity: 4 Body Contact: 2 Min/Nil=0 Low=1 Reactivity: 1 Moderate=2 High=3 Chronic: 2 Extreme=4 CANADIAN WHMIS SYMBOLS 1 of 12 EMERGENCY OVERVIEW RISK Very toxic by inhalation and if swallowed. POTENTIAL HEALTH EFFECTS ACUTE HEALTH EFFECTS SWALLOWED ! Severely toxic effects may result from the accidental ingestion of the material; animal experiments indicate that ingestion of less than 5 gram may be fatal or may produce serious damage to the health of the individual. ! Side effects of the parasympathomimetics are increased salivation, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps and diarrhea. Symptoms of overdose consist of excessive sweating, discharge of tears, increased bowel movements, loss of bowel and urine control, constriction of pupils, spasm of the eyelids, involuntary eye jerks, headache, slowing of heart beat and pulse, faintness low blood pressure, muscle cramps and twitches, weakness and paralysis. Respiratory effects include tight chest, wheezing and blockage of the airways. Central nervous system effects include inco- ordination confusion, slurred speech, agitation, fear and coma. Eventually respiratory failure or cardiac arrest can cause death. EYE ! There is some evidence to suggest that this material can causeeye irritation and damage in some persons. ! Direct eye contact can produce tears, eyelid twitches, pupil contraction, loss of focus, and blurred or dimmed vision. Dilation of the pupils occasionally occurs. SKIN ! The material is not thought to be a skin irritant (as classified using animal models). Abrasive damage however, may result from prolonged exposures. Good hygiene practice requires that exposure be kept to a minimum and that suitable gloves be used in an occupational setting. ! Skin contact with the material may damage the health of the individual; systemic effects may result following absorption. ! Open cuts, abraded or irritated skin should not be exposed to this material. ! Entry into the blood-stream, through, for example, cuts, abrasions or lesions, may produce systemic injury with harmful effects. Examine the skin prior to the use of the material and ensure that any external damage is suitably protected. ! There may be sweating and muscle twitches at site of contact. Reaction may bedelayed by hours. INHALED ! Inhalation of dusts, generated by the material, during the course of normal handling, may produce severely toxic effects; these may be fatal. ! The material is not thought to produce respiratory irritation (as classified using animal models). Nevertheless inhalation of dusts, or fume, especially for prolonged periods, may produce respiratory discomfort and occasionally, distress. ! Persons with impaired respiratory function, airway diseases and conditions such as emphysema or chronic bronchitis, may incur further disability if excessive concentrations of particulate are inhaled. ! Poisoning due to cholinesterase inhibitors causes symptoms such as increased blood flow to the nose, watery discharge, chest discomfort, shortness of breath and wheezing. Other symptoms include increased production of tears, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, involuntary passing of urine and stools, chest pain, breathing difficulty, low blood pressure, irregular heartbeat, loss of reflexes, twitching, visual disturbances, altered pupil size, convulsions, lung congestion, coma and heart failure. Nervous system effects include inco-ordination, slurred speech, tremors of the tongue and eyelids, and paralysis of the limbs and muscles of breathing, which can cause death, although death is also seen due to cardiac arrest. ! Symptoms of carbamate poisoning are similar to that of organophosphate poisoning, however, recover from carbamate poisoning is quicker and generally less likely to be cause death. CHRONIC HEALTH EFFECTS ! Limited evidence suggests that repeated or long-term occupational exposure may produce cumulative health effects involving organs or biochemical systems. Long term exposure to high dust concentrations may cause changes in lung function i.e. pneumoconiosis; caused by particles less than 0.5 micron penetrating and remaining in the lung. Prime symptom is breathlessness; lung shadows show on X-ray. Repeated or prolonged exposures to cholinesterase inhibitors produce symptoms similar to acute effects. In addition workers exposed repeatedly to these substances may exhibit impaired memory and loss of concentration, severe depression and acute psychosis, irritability, confusion, apathy, emotional liability, speech difficulties, headache, spatial disorientation, delayed reaction times, sleepwalking, drowsiness or insomnia. An influenza-like condition with nausea, weakness, anorexia and malaise has been described. There is a growing body of evidence from epidemiological studies and from experimental laboratory studies that short-term exposure to some cholinesterase-inhibiting insecticides may produce behavioral or neuro- chemical changes lasting for days or months, presumably outlasting the cholinesterase inhibition. Although the number of adverse effects following humans poisonings subside, there are still effects in some workers months after cholinesterase activity returns to normal. These long-lasting effects include blurred vision, headache, weakness, and anorexia. The neurochemistry of animals exposed to chlorpyrifos or fenthion is reported to be altered permanently after a single exposure. These effects may be more severe in developing animals where both acetyl- and butyrylcholinesterase may play an integral part in the development of the nervous system. Padilla S., The Neurotoxicity of Cholinesterase-Inhibiting Insecticides: Past and Present Evidence Demonstrating Persistent Effects. Inhalation Toxicology 7:903-907, 1995. Section 3 - COMPOSITION / INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS 2 of 12 NAME CAS RN % physostigmine 57-47-6 >98 On exposure to heat, light, air, metals forms rubreserine 18455-27-1 Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES SWALLOWED ! IF SWALLOWED, REFER FOR MEDICAL ATTENTION, WHERE POSSIBLE, WITHOUT DELAY. Where Medical attention is not immediately available or where the patient is more than 15 minutes from a hospital or unless instructed otherwise: For advice, contact a Poisons Information Center or a doctor. Urgent hospital treatment is likely to be needed. If conscious, give water to drink. INDUCE vomiting with fingers down the back of the throat, ONLY IF CONSCIOUS. Lean patient forward or place on left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain open airway and prevent aspiration. NOTE: Wear a protective glove when inducing vomiting by mechanical means. In the mean time, qualified first-aid personnel should treat the patient following observation and employing supportive measures as indicated by the patient's condition. If the services of a medical officer or medical doctor are readily available, the patient should be placed in his/her care and a copy of the MSDS should be provided. Further action will be the responsibility of the medical specialist. If medical attention is not available on the worksite or surroundings send the patient to a hospital together with a copy of the MSDS. EYE ! If this product comes in contact with the eyes: Immediately hold eyelids apart and flush the eye continuously with running water. Ensure complete irrigation of the eye by keeping eyelids apart and away from eye and moving the eyelids by occasionally lifting the upper and lower lids. Continue flushing until advised to stop by the Poisons Information Center or a doctor, or for at least 15 minutes. Transport to hospital or doctor without delay. Removal of contact lenses after an eye injury should only be undertaken by skilled personnel. SKIN ! If skin contact occurs: Immediately remove all contaminated clothing, including footwear Flush skin and hair with running water (and soap if available). Seek medical attention in event of irritation. INHALED ! If fumes or combustion products are inhaled remove from contaminated area. Lay patient down. Keep warm and rested. Prostheses such as false teeth, which may block airway, should be removed, where possible, prior to initiating first aid procedures. Apply artificial respiration if not breathing, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve mask device, or pocket mask as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Transport to hospital, or doctor, without delay. NOTES TO PHYSICIAN ! for neostigmine: If taken by mouth the stomach should be emptied by aspiration and lavage. Atropine sulfate, usually in doses of 1 to 2 mg may be given preferably intravenously,
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