Welcome to the 2015 Annual Report

2015 was an amazing year for CRDF Global. We connected early innovators with inspiring mentors, led crucial trainings for chemical and nuclear specialists, supported successful projects to mitigate emerging and infectious diseases, and launched Breaking Barriers— our annual celebration of women scientists—to name just a few of our accomplishments. Paul Longsworth Chair, CRDF Global Board of Directors

We also capitalized on our office location in , from HRH Princess Sumaya bint El Hassan, President of the Jordan to expand our impact in the Middle East and North Royal Scientific Society, Jordan about the important role Africa (MENA) region. The theme for this year’s annual that science plays in building sustainable change and aiding report reflects our commitment to the science community diplomacy in the MENA region. in MENA and our growing initiatives to engage the talented As I reflect over 2015, I think about how much CRDF Global scientists and innovators there. Just like other regions, has grown. We proudly celebrated our 20th anniversary in scientists and innovators in the Middle East are tasked 2015—a huge milestone. And our longest serving President with combatting climate change and feeding overpopulated and CEO, Cathy Campbell, announced that she was stepping cities. They are developing lifesaving medical treatments down. Cathy has been involved with CRDF Global since its on limited budgets. And they are realizing that the best inception and joined the organization in 2002. For this annual research happens when we reach across borders to report, she looked back at her time with CRDF Global and collaborate. shared some thoughts. I invite you to read Cathy’s touching In the spirit of international science collaborations, this reflection in addition to the stories about CRDF Global’s year we are honored to share a personal perspective impact in MENA and beyond. Science and Innovation for Hope, Sustainability, and Growth Our world is changing at a rapid and often bewildering pace. In the midst of sometimes frightening flux, humankind’s ability to innovate can seem at odds with the actions—and inaction in vital areas such as peace-building and sustainable energy—that threaten to destabilize our communities and degrade our environment. Her Royal Highness Princess Sumaya bint Hassan President, Royal Scientific Society, Jordan

We face unprecedented challenges, yet we have Our region is indeed in need of local, regional and and programs between partners who respect each developed almost unimagined technologies in recent global innovation to create growth, stability, and hope. other’s goals and enhance each other’s capabilities. In decades. Between these two realities, we must We are so often portrayed as supremely challenged and CRDF Global, we were fortunate to find just such a endeavor to work together to create a future of perennially unpredictable, but this not a true reflection partner—an ally and a champion that shared our goals sustainability and opportunity. of the diverse and dynamic world of the Middle East and and matched our vision. This is the sort of partnership, of This is well within our grasp if we can learn to North Africa. Our networks must extend across and equal stakeholders, that delivers innovative solutions and cooperate and support one another in the common beyond our borders, and our willingness to engage with creatively engages assets on both sides. causes of durable development and science for others must push us to break through our comfort zone. This is why I am particularly pleased to introduce CRDF peace. The challenges facing our Middle East and But our partners abroad must also share our vision and Global’s 2015 annual report. This year the focus is on North Africa (MENA) region are collective and celebrate our heritage and potential. In order to engage recent advancements that CRDF Global has made in shared, but our responses so rarely are. Our people with those who can help in our drive to bring equal and science and innovation in the MENA region. These are inhabit closely-knit territories that face common durable development to our region, we must all be ready real examples of the role that science plays in developing threats posed by resource depletion, climate change, to open ourselves to the world. safer and healthier communities. Across the region, urbanization, poverty, and population growth. History At the Royal Scientific Society we understand that CRDF Global collaborates with local partners to advance has taught us that borders matter little in the face of working with partners who share our values, and public health, , and chemical security. such natural and manmade existential challenges, and complement our capacity, is a vital part of changing Their work proves that despite our diverse backgrounds, the region’s current predicament reminds us that we mindsets and informing policies that tackle these pressing we are all united in our desire to create a better world are all in this together. issues. We have seen the blossoming success of projects for future generations. Reflections of a CEO In 2015, I made one of the hardest decisions of my career. After much reflection and thoughtful conversations with family and friends, I announced that I would be stepping down from my position as President and CEO of CRDF Global. After 14 years, including 10 as President and CEO, it was difficult to imagine not being part of this amazing organization, which has evolved so much in two decades. As my final contribution to CRDF Global’s annual report, I thought I would leave you with some brief thoughts on the history of the organization and how Cathy Campbell we’ve expanded over the past 20 years. Former President & CEO, CRDF Global

Early Beginnings Geographic Expansion The Future I first heard about CRDF Global when I was working CRDF Global began as a six-person operation focused CRDF Global has changed significantly in the last two on U.S.-U.S.S.R. science cooperation at the State exclusively on science and technology cooperation with 12 decades, and it will continue to change. Many of the Department. In 1992 Congress proposed that the U.S. Eurasian countries. Today, CRDF Global employs 140 staff priority topics for CRDF Global—public health; nuclear, government create a non-governmental organization members based in the U.S., the Middle East, and Eurasia. chemical and biological security; women in international to support science and technology cooperation with And we work in over 40 countries. science; science diplomacy; water and agriculture issues— Eurasian countries. Once the law was enacted, it took The decision a decade ago to expand geographically will remain priorities. But how and where we pursue another three years to secure funding and CRDF was difficult for the organization. We knew that the these priorities will change. We will design new programs Global opened its doors in 1995. organization would confront obstacles as we introduced and we will work in countries where we currently have That three-year process was a struggle, and several CRDF Global to new markets; identified local partners; little or no activity. We will work with new partners of us who were in government at the time had to adapted our programs to address the unique situation and new funders. But CRDF Global will continue to fight within the bureaucracy to keep the idea alive. in each new country; set up operational systems to work creatively, transparently, and responsibly to create Eventually, and thanks to the incredible efforts of enable the transfer of funds and equipment to scientists; opportunities for scientists and innovators to make the a small group of champions—including my CEO and earned the confidence of our funders. But we also world a better place. predecessors, Gerson Sher and Tom Owens, other understood the importance of international science CRDF Global’s future is bright. Our mission is compelling staff and board directors—CRDF Global opened engagement and the value of connecting scientists to build and our staff are deeply committed to pursuing that its doors in 1995 as the U.S. Civilian Research and bridges between countries and help solve pressing local, mission. We have strong relationships with funders and Development Foundation for the Independent States regional, or global problems. We forged ahead, and 10 clients and we have a healthy pipeline of future work. We of the Former Soviet Union. years later, much of CRDF Global’s activity takes place in take nothing for granted, and will continue to work hard the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. CRDF Global’s regional to achieve our mission, provide quality services on behalf office in Amman, Jordan is now our fastest growing of our funders and clients, and make a difference to the international office. They play a critical role as we expand thousands of scientists and entrepreneurs we engage. our programs, develop science diplomacy initiatives in the It has been an honor to serve CRDF Global and I wish it region, and partner with like-minded organizations, such great success in the future. as the Royal Scientific Society of Jordan. STATS

In 2015, CRDF Global celebrated 20 years of promoting international science 553 collaboration. Working in 77 countries, Grants we helped over 3,000 scientists and ​ innovators pursue their research and turn their ideas into reality. The best science is global science, and we are committed to supporting scientists 77 whoever they are, wherever they are. Countries

3,326 Scientists & innovators

$28M In total grants funded

www. CRDFglobalAnnualReport2015.org How Afghan Scientists are Boosting their Ability to Fight Deadly Diseases

Though Afghanistan is not typically in the news for epidemics and public health crises, communities in the South Asian country have struggled against infectious diseases like brucellosis, avian influenza, Q-fever and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever. Afghanistan also battles high rates of infant mortality and malnutrition, underscoring the impact that diseases have on future generations.

However, Afghan researchers and the Ministry of Public Health are working hard to turn the health situation around. The NBTE program is driven by two guiding principles: “Afghanistan’s scientists are in the process of playing • Connecting scientists from low-resource catch up to the international science community. countries with professional contacts increases There are several good medical schools but many potential research collaboration and partnership Afghan researchers are still educated abroad in opportunities. Pakistan, India, Australia and the U.S.,” said Megan • Exposing researchers to the latest research topics and techniques leads to scientists’ conducting Tribble, Associate Project Manager at CRDF Global. “There is a big gap between Afghanistan and the science responsibly and improves biosafety, The Afghanistan Professional Network Building, developed world in terms of lab capabilities,” said biosecurity and public and animal health policies in Training and Exposure (NBTE) Program is a CRDF Dr. Islam Saeed, an NBTE participant who visited countries with under-developed medical, diagnostic Global initiative—funded by the U.S. government’s Harvard School of Public Health after presenting at and research infrastructure. Cooperative Biological Engagement Program— the American Society for Microbiology’s Biodefense that provides opportunities for bioscientists to Public health experts in Afghanistan are keenly aware and Emerging Diseases Research Meeting in 2015. participate in international scientific conferences and of the importance of being connected with the “Afghanistan and other developing countries, as well visit international research institutions. international scientific community. as in-conflict countries, are mostly isolated from other parts of the world and they are continuing their After attending a conference, each scientist spends activities based on obsolete and outdated knowledge two-three days at the host lab in what is called an and technology. Due to limited resources and exposure visit. Hosts are carefully selected based on competing priorities, they can’t keep abreast of new the professional backgrounds and interests of each advancement in different disciplines including public scientist. During exposure visits they hold meetings, health laboratories.” tour labs, give presentations to faculty and staff and discuss potential research collaborations. To help close this gap, CRDF Global connects Many of the researchers have never attended a scientific Afghan scientists with conference, and even less have attended an international universities and private conference. Their participation in prestigious The world is a global village conferences followed by a tailored laboratory visit laboratories around and the problem of infectious provides them with a unique opportunity to present the world. Through diseases, which have the CRDF Global’s NBTE their research to the international scientific community potential for outbreaks and program, researchers and expand network of contacts in their field. have travelled to “Developing abstracts, working to practically present pandemics, not only affect the the U.S., Italy and proven data, learning new ideas in the field of biosecurity host countries, but also spread Switzerland to receive and biosafety, and networking with the international to other parts of the world. In training on the scientists will really help me in my future career. Such order to ensure global health essential components programs show scientists from developing countries how security there needs to be needed to be integrated into the international to improve, how to implement, what to do and what a combined effort from all scientific community. A key part of the program is not to do,” said Dr. Redi Alami, an NBTE participant countries.” their attendance at a professional conference. Well who presented at the American Association for the in advance of travel, CRDF Global works with each Advancement of Science’s annual meeting in 2015. —Dr. Saeed researcher to provide training on critical skills such as In last year’s first round of the program, 11 Afghan creating and submitting an abstract and presenting their public health practitioners travelled to the U.S., Italy research at scientific conferences. CRDF Global staff and Switzerland to collaborate on detecting and travels with each grantee to provide on-site networking preventing infectious diseases, not only for the future support during conferences. of Afghanistan, but the world as a whole. As a result, “We provide one-on-one guidance on submitting the several of the participants have established relationships best abstract possible. Usually the grantees have all the with individual scientists at research institutions across key information needed, they just aren’t aware of what different countries. They are also improving laboratory conferences are looking for in an abstract,” said Megan. diagnostic capacity in Afghanistan by updating standard “Once they are accepted, I work with them to create operating procedures, implementing new techniques a poster presentation according to the conference and training laboratory staff in biosafety and biosecurity. guidelines and walk them through the conference These researchers are leading efforts to change lab agenda. We arrange their travel, hotel, medical culture and expand research funding opportunities to insurance and pay for conference registration.” better serve Afghan society’s public health needs. Building Global Health Infrastructure: Jordan’s Emergency Operations Center

Global health is just that: global. When coordination between ministries, agencies and various it comes to detecting, preventing, and other partners. In the U.S., civil defense organizations, disaster relief organizations, and countless state, local responding to global disease outbreaks, and regional entities have chosen the EOC model for Jordan’s new emergency operation outbreak and disaster preparedness and response. center will play a key role in supporting Aside from streamlining communication, EOCs also global health efforts in the Middle East enable efficient communication between countries for regional and global challenges. A great example of this and throughout the world. was Nigeria’s response to last year’s Ebola outbreak in West Africa. To respond to the Ebola crisis, Nigeria mobilized an EOC that was established during its polio eradication program in 2012. Many of the Ebola EOC 2015 was an important year for CRDF Global in the staff, including the incident manager, were members of field of global health. The organization saw increased the National Polio EOC. Utilizing their experience on work in international biosecurity and safety, research the polio program, Nigeria’s Ebola EOC coordinated partnerships targeting infectious diseases, and programs hidden strength of the EOC model is that it requires across national and local government agencies, but also supporting global responses to disease outbreaks, such relevant actors to plan. An EOC serves not only as a with international partners (Doctors Without Borders, as Ebola. In August CRDF Global completed a project mechanism for communication and decision making the United Nations, the World Health Organization and helping to establish a modern Emergency Operations in the event of a crisis, but also as a venue to train the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention). Center (EOC) at the Ministry of Health (MOH) of personnel and develop, validate, and improve existing The Ebola outbreak in Nigeria was limited to just 20 the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. This project was a plans. In addition, EOCs are a great driver and example cases and the ability of the Nigeria Center for Disease collaboration between the MOH, the U.S. Department of international science collaboration. Control to implement a rapid, domestically and of State’s Biosecurity Engagement Program, the U.S. The Emergency Operations Center at Jordan’s MOH internationally coordinated response was critical to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and CRDF is an impressive facility equipped with state of the their containment of Ebola Global. art data management, video and teleconferencing This is why the Global Health Security Agenda, an EOCs are a powerful tool for enabling responses to capabilities, and smartboard technology, all supported initiative involving cooperative development and emergencies, whether caused by natural disasters, by an uninterrupted power supply. When responding to implementation of health security action plans by 38 disease outbreaks, or even deliberate attacks. There is a a public health emergency, the EOC can coordinate its countries, includes the establishment of EOCs as one body of knowledge that exists around the effectiveness field offices throughout Jordan’s 15 governorates, while of its 11 key strategies. This is the science collaboration of EOC operations and incident management. A also serving as an important hub of communication and that the information age should be delivering. A Deeper Look at Chemical Supply Chains

In today’s world of advanced Policy. Dr. Thomas is also the founding editor-in-chief technologies and products, many of the Journal of Transportation Security. Dr. Hintsa is the executive director of the Cross-border Research industries around the world depend on Association, an independent research institute based chemicals to manufacture the products in Lausanne, Switzerland that specializes in supply and services that we use daily. From chain security and trade facilitation. Dr. Hintsa has also worked extensively with European governments cosmetics and fabrics to food and and chemical companies to promote public/private electronics, complex chemicals must collaboration on supply chain security issues. be produced, shipped, and stored at While chemical security is currently implemented laboratories and manufacturing plants primarily at a company level in Egypt, this workshop globally. focused on Egypt’s national strategy for securing supply chains. As the workshop progressed, participants recognized the economic benefits of comprehensive This process, known as a chemical supply chain, relies supply chain security and identified specific strategies on numerous players, including the senders, receivers, for how it could function in Egypt with public and shippers, and regulators, who are responsible for the State’s Chemical Security Program (CSP), led a three- private cooperation. Participants identified next steps chemicals as they move from facility to facility. day workshop for 30 Egyptian chemical specialists for secure management of chemical supply chains, Hazardous and dual-use chemicals, referring to on international best practices for development of a including coordinating national frameworks, procuring those that can be used for peaceful purposes like secure chemical supply chain. These workshops helped necessary equipment, and promoting cross-sector consumer goods as well as malicious applications, to strengthen Egyptian public-private coordination on cooperation. are highly vulnerable to theft and sabotage while in a key global security issue—ensuring weaponizable This and other engagements by CRDF Global and transit. Chemical transportation is often managed by chemicals and related equipment do not fall into the the Department of State provided support to the third parties who are less aware of the human and hands of groups intent on conducting attacks. Environmental Compliance Office at the Federation of environmental security concerns associated with the To anchor the technical discussions in these workshops Egyptian Industries, the largest employer’s association chemicals they ship. CRDF Global included two subject matter experts: in Egypt, in its decision to adopt Responsible Care™, a Amidst a growing global need for chemical risk Dr. Andrew Thomas and Dr. Juha Hintsa. Dr. Thomas, voluntary industry initiative promoting best practices management tools to help mitigate controlled chemicals a business professor at the University of Akron, is for chemical management, including chemical security at and chemical weapons proliferation threats, CRDF editor and co-author of the book Global Supply Chain facilities and along the supply chain. Global, with funding from the U.S. Department of Security: Emerging Topics in Research, Practice and A SNAPSHOT OF OUR WORK IN 2015

Crowdfunding for Nuclear Security In 2015, CRDF Global launched its first crowdfunding campaign to raise money for the Robin Copeland Memorial Fellowship. Because of your generous support, CRDF Global raised nearly $30,000 USD in support of the fellowship.

Established in the memory of nonproliferation Security and preparing to return to South Africa to expert Robin Copeland, the fellowship is designed implement a capstone project that she designed to to support women pursuing careers in biological, contribute to the country’s nuclear security education chemical, and nuclear security. and training capabilities. With funding from the crowdfunding campaign, ​CRDF Global attracted additional funding for CRDF Global was able to support 2016 fellow Jeaneth’s involvement in the Robin Copeland Jeaneth Kabini, a scientist at the South African Memorial Fellowship from Carnegie Corporation of Nuclear Energy Corporation. New York and the Nuclear Threat Initiative. The U.S. Jeaneth is now completing an internship in State Department also funded two additional fellows Washington, DC at the Partnership for Global involved in the fellowship. Partnering for Science Diplomacy Although not a new concept, science diplomacy is becoming widely accepted as a driver of change, bringing diverse countries together to tackle global challenges. In the MENA region, science diplomacy can act as a universal language and open communication channels between countries that have struggled with conflict and tension.

In 2015, CRDF Global partnered with the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia Technology Center (ESCWA), and the Royal Scientific Society of Jordan (RSS) to hold the first ever Regional Forum on Science & Technology Diplomacy in December. The forum was held under the patronage of Her Royal Highness Princess Sumaya bint El Hassan, President of the RSS. Through panels and discussions, forum participants jointly developed the following recommendations for science diplomacy initiatives in the MENA region: Celebrating Women in International Science Collaborations Around the world, both women and men are breaking down barriers that have traditionally prevented women and girls from excelling in science and technology fields.

Initiatives that advance diversity and inclusion in the scientists and innovators, policymakers, and industry Destruction Terrorism & Threat Reduction at the science community have given more women the leaders to honor the women around the world who National Security Council; and Siela Maximova, opportunity to pursue scientific academic studies, have challenged gender-based stereotypes and biases Senior Research Associate and Associate Professor balance professional and personal responsibilities, and in science and technology. of Horticulture, Pennsylvania State University and a obtain leadership positions in research settings. Speakers at the event included , Vice former Heniretta H. Fore Women in Science Fellow. To celebrate the achievements of these powerful President and Chief Internet Evangelist of ; The event was so well received that it has now and determined women, CRDF Global launched the Dona Crawford, Associate Director for Computation become an annual celebration. Breaking Barriers celebration in 2015. Coinciding with at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; Laura Women’s History Month, the celebration gathered Holgate, Senior Director for Weapons of Mass Enhancing Public Health Research in the Middle East In part of an ongoing collaboration with the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), CRDF Global supported new biomedical collaborations between researchers in the U.S. and in the Middle East and North Africa region through seed funding for six teams fighting infectious diseases.

2015 marked CRDF Global’s fourth time administering “Collaboration has allowed us to be able to studies locally. As these agents become better this initiative with NIAID and first time partnering with determine the etiology of one of the most important characterized, this will help us plan on preventive the Qatar National Research Fund (QNRF) for this health problems in Jordan. Prior to this study the strategies including vaccination for influenza and opportunity. information about the etiology of respiratory illness possibly respiratory syncytial virus in the future when Each team was awarded up to $40,000 USD for was very limited and our study is one of the largest this becomes available.” -Dr. Najwa Khuri-Bulos, one year. The collaborations and research findings and longest running in the region determining the Jordan University Hospital generated by the grants seek to lay foundations for the viral etiology of acute respiratory infection in a ​Dr. Khuri-Bulos’ research team focused on rhinovirus awardees to pursue future funding applications to NIH, comprehensive manner. The funding from CRDF genotyping in Amman, Jordan. QNRF, and other agencies. CRDF Global facilitated will allow us to further characterize our viruses grant competition management, peer review and award by training one of our technicians to perform administration on behalf of NIH and QNRF. genotyping. This will help us also perform these Tech Commercialization in Innovation is a key component to any modern economy. In 2015, CRDF Global concluded a joint project funded by the government of Kazakhstan and the World Bank to boost innovation in Kazakhstan through technology commercialization.

Since 2013, CRDF Global has worked closely with its operational structure and hired, trained, and partners to create the first Association of Technology Kazakhstan, the World Bank, IC² Institute at the supervised seven TCC managers. The most valuable Commercialization Professionals in Kazakhstan and University of Texas, and Exoventure Associates, LLC aspect of this project has been the regular knowledge collaborated with a local IP expert to draft a law to create a new technology commercialization center transfer between CRDF Global experts and the on commercialization signed into law by President (TCC) in Kazakhstan. TCC staff. The constant “know how” sharing related Nursultan Nazarbayev on October 31, 2015. The TCC was designed to build direct and indirect to commercialization of technologies, protection The TCC has supported 33 grant-based projects links with industry, academia, investors, startups, and licensing of IP, company formation, fundraising in a diverse array of industries, including government agencies, service providers, media partners methods, grant design and implementation process pharmacogenomics, robotics, oil and gas, and IT. Five and other influencers and decision makers. occurred on a daily basis for 27 months. In addition of these projects generated at total of $2,639,050 in to establishing the TCC, CRDF Global helped to form sales revenue in less than a year. CRDF Global brought in experts to develop the TCC’s new policies and a professional association to support mission, vision, goals and objectives. We also developed tech commercialization. We worked alongside local Reflect Progress: 2015 Annual Gala In 2015 we celebrated the 10th anniversary of the Annual Awards Gala and the 20th anniversary of CRDF Global. Since its inception, the gala has served as the organization’s premier fundraising event. We selected the theme, Reflect Progress, to honor the influential role of science and innovation in the past and build support for the progress that is still to come.

CRDF Global is committed to progress by engaging Speakers included: Dr. Tamar Kokashvili, Researcher, George Eliava scientists and innovators around the globe. This means Research Institute of Bacteriophages, Microbiology Mr. Maxmillian Angerholzer, III, Managing building lab capabilities to stop deadly epidemics, Director, Richard Lounsbery Foundation (Master of and Virology, Tbilisi, Georgia; fellow, University of training scientists on safe and responsible research Ceremonies) Maryland methods, giving more opportunities to women Dr. Gerald W. Parker, Vice President, Public scientists, and providing innovators with the tools they Ms. Lois Quam, Chief Operating Officer, The Nature Conservancy Health Preparedness and Response, Texas A&M need to create and build stronger businesses. Through Health Science Center the gala, our network of supporters and donors helped Ambassador Kenneth Quinn, President, The us raise nearly $250,000 USD to strengthen these World Food Prize Foundation Dr. William Wilson, Research Microbiologist, U.S. initiatives around the world. We are sincerely thankful Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Mr. James Borel, Executive Vice President, DuPont for your support. Service Chair, CRDF Ambassador Thomas R. Pickering, Ms. Mary Woolley, President, Research!America We honored chemical industry leader DuPont and Global Advisory Council; Career Ambassador; Vice Nobel Laureate Dr. Peter Agre. Chairman, Hills & Company financials

Temporarily Statement of Activities Unrestricted Restricted Total Grants and Contracts 2,, ,, 22,, s Solutions Services 2,2, 2,2, Interest and Investment Income (,) (,) ve nu e e

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Consolidated statement of activities for the year ended December , 2 The information presented here is drawn from the 2 consolidated financial statements of CRDF Global, which were audited by RSM US LLP in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and presented to the CRDF Global Board of Directors at its uly 2 meeting. INDIVIDUALS

Max Angerholzer Miriam John Gail Porter Anousheh Ansari Raymond Johnson Jean Pierre Primiani Michelle Brady E. Campion Kieloch Nadia Primiani Claire Brunel Alexander Kraner Peter and Therese Primiani Vint Cerf Elliott Kulakowski Nadia Rabinovich Dona Crawford Neal Lane Victor Rabinowitch Jaleh Daie Stephanie Leedom Christopher Robinson Gil Omenn and Martha Darling David Lindeman Amy Sands Camille deWalder Thomas Litke Marjorie Senechal Tomas Diaz de la Rubia Paul and Rebecca Longsworth Gerson Sher Nicholas Donofrio Richard Lugar Claire Standley William Draper Eileen Malloy Ira Starling Mona Dreicer Catherine Mannick John Starling Jonathan Elkind Marie-Claude Matte Susanne Starling Jane Fitzpatrick Siela Maximova David Truslow Henrietta H. Fore Jennifer Lynne McArdle Christopher Valenti Howard Frank Marissa Mcdonough Charles de Vilmorin Joshua Friedlander Michele McGuirl Hassan Virji Anita Friedt Harold Moore Kristin Wedding Sauers George Gamota Alexander Morgan Susan Weidmer Irma Gigli Rodney Nichols Lynne Weil Rose Gottemoeller Gil Omenn and Martha Darling Linda Wetzel Loren Graham Ray and Eva Orbach David Wexley Andrew Hallock Sebastian Pavlou Stephen Wolk Carla Hills Anne C. Petersen Yasmin Zand Sheryl Hingorani Thomas Pickering Ryan Zelnio Theresa Huwar Steven and Marilyn Pifer FOUNDATIONS & OTHER ORGANIZATIONS

American Association for the Advancement of Government of Australia ​Pioneer Hi-Bred International, Inc. Science (AAAS) Government of Canada Proteus, Inc. American Society for Microbiology Government of Kazahkstan Qatar National Research Fund Aramco Services Company Henry Luce Foundation Royal Institute of Technology Augsburg College Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûréte Nuléaire Sapere Wealth Management Automotive Technologies International Institute of International Education Shell Bechtel Corporation John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Smith Richardson Foundation Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Stanley Medical Research Institute Bloomberg Philanthropies Johns Hopkins University State University of New York Boston Medical Center Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany SUNY Downstate Medical Center Kellogg Foundation The Kavli Foundation California Institute of Technology Leiden University, Netherlands Turku University of Applied Sciences Carnegie Corporation Marius Nasta Pneumoftiziology Institute University of California San Diego CH2M Medical College of Wisconsin University of Connecticut Changing Our World Metabiota University of Minnesota Chevron Corporation Michelin Research Asia University of Oklahoma Council on Competitiveness Michigan State University University of Pennsylvania DuPont Microsoft University of Portsmouth Electricite de France NHDetect University of Texas, Austin Euro-American Hydrogen Corp Nokia University of Texas, Houston Fluor Corporation Nuclear Threat Initiative U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention George Washington University Oklahoma University Health Sciences Center Wellesley College Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Petrozavodsk State University, World Bank Yale University U.S. GOVERNMENT

U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Natural History Museum, Smithsonian Institution

​U.S. Department of Agriculture U.S. Department of State Agricultural Research Service Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights and Labor Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs U.S. Department of Defense Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs Defense Threat Reduction Agency U.S. National Academy of Sciences U.S. Army Research Laboratory U.S. Air Force U.S. National Science Foundation

U.S. Department of Energy U.S. National Institutes of Health National Nuclear Security Agency Fogarty International Center Office of Health, Safety and Security National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Pacific Northwest National Laboratory National Nuclear Security Agency thank you for your support.