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american academy of arts & sciences american academy of arts & sciences winter 2011 Bulletin vol. lxiv, no. 2 Academy Welcomes 230th Class of Members Induction 2010 Weekend Celebrates the Arts, the Humanities, and the Sciences Technology and the Public Good A Free Press for a Global Society Lee C. Bollinger Technology and Culture Paul Sagan, Robert Darnton, David S. Ferriero, and Marjorie M. Scardino bulletin winter 2011 Cybersecurity and the Cloud Tom Leighton, Vinton G. Cerf, Raymond E. Ozzie, and Richard Hale ALSO INSIDE: Commission on the Humanities & Social Sciences The Academy Around the Country Condoleezza Rice on Public Service Calendar of Events Thursday, Thursday, April 14, 2011 May 5, 2011 Symposium–Cambridge Annual Meeting and Founders’ Day Contents in collaboration with the National Academy Celebration–Cambridge of Engineering, Institute of Medicine, and An Evening of Chamber Music Academy News Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Location: House of the Academy Academy Inducts 230th Class Sciences of Members 1 Privacy, Autonomy and Personal Genetic Commission on the Humanities Information in the Digital Age SAVE THE DATE & Social Sciences 2 Location: House of the Academy Induction Weekend 2011 Induction Ceremony: Challenges September 30 – October 2, 2011 Facing Our Global Society 9 Thursday, Induction Symposium April 14, 2011 For information and reservations, contact the Events Of½ce (phone: 617-576-5032; A Free Press for a Global Society Stated Meeting–Cambridge email: [email protected]). Lee C. Bollinger 17 in collaboration with the National Academy Technology and Culture of Engineering, Institute of Medicine, and Paul Sagan, Robert Darnton, Harvard School of Engineering and Applied David S. Ferriero, and Sciences Marjorie M. Scardino 22 Making America More Competitive, Cybersecurity and the Cloud Innovative, and Healthy Tom Leighton, Vinton G. Cerf, Speakers: Harvey V. Fineberg, Institute Richard Hale, and Raymond Ozzie 32 of Medicine; Cherry A. Murray, Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences; Charles M. Vest, National Around the Country 43 Academy of Engineering Science and the Educated American 48 Location: House of the Academy Academy Projects 49 Academy Meeting Torture, Privacy, and Presidential Power in the Age of Terror Charles Fried and Gregory Fried 64 Noteworthy 71 Remembrance 75 Condoleezza Rice at the Academy 76 Academy News Academy Inducts 230th Class of Members Top: Liev Schreiber ’10 (New York, NY); Middle: Alan Alda ’06 (New York, NY) and James Leach ’10 (National Endowment for the Humanities); Bottom: Council Cochairs Gerald John Lithgow (Los Angeles, California) and Mary Yeager (ucla), after Early (Washington Univer- reading from the letters of John and Abigail Adams sity in St. Louis) and Neal Lane (Rice University) The American Academy of Arts and Sciences inducted 228 distinguished scholars, artists, and institutional and public leaders on Saturday, October 9, 2010. Among the new members are winners of the Nobel, Shaw, and Pulitzer prizes; recipients of MacArthur and Guggenheim fellowships; and winners of Academy, Grammy, Tony, and Emmy awards. “The men and women we elect Angeles. Lithgow introduced today are true pathbreakers who the letters with an impassioned have made unique contributions appeal for the support of the to their ½elds and to the world,” humanities: “No nation, no said Academy Chair Louis W. matter how vulnerable or em- Cabot. “The Academy honors battled, no matter how much them and their work, and they, its health is in jeopardy, can af- in turn, honor us.” ford to turn its back on the arts. In fact, those are the moments The 2010 Induction weekend when the arts are the most vital, began with an evening celebra- the most important, and the tion of the arts and the humani- most in need of support.” ties and included a reading from the letters of John and Abigail The evening celebration of the Adams by new Fellow John Lith- arts and the humanities also gow, actor, author, and record- featured musical performances. ing artist, and his wife, Mary Conductor, pianist, and Fellow Yeager, professor of history at Dennis Russell Davies and the University of California, Los Continued on page 5 Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, Winter 2011 1 Commission on the Humanities & Social Sciences Academy Launches National Commission on the Humanities & Social Sciences On February 17, 2011, Academy President Leslie Berlowitz announced the creation of “Our nation’s long tradition a national commission to bolster teaching of research and scholarship and research in the humanities and social in humanities and social sci- sciences–½elds that are critical to culture, education, and America’s economic com- ence has been the basis for an petitiveness. The Commission on the Humani- informed citizenry that comes ties and Social Sciences is chaired by Fellows from many countries, races, Richard H. Brodhead, President of Duke Richard H. Brodhead religions, and cultures, but University, and John W. Rowe, Chairman and Chief Executive Of½cer of Exelon Cor- shares a common set of ideals, poration, and includes prominent Americans such as liberty, equal opportunity, and the rule of law. from the humanities, the social sciences, I am pleased that the American Academy is creating this the physical and life sciences, business, law, Commission to provide recommendations on the best philanthropy, the arts, and the media. ways to maintain our nation’s excellence in humanities Answering a bipartisan request from United and social science education, from grade-school history States Senators Lamar Alexander (R-Ten- classes to graduate-level economic research.” nessee) and Mark Warner (D-Virginia) and –Senator Lamar Alexander (R-Tennessee) Representatives Tom Petri (R-Wisconsin) John W. Rowe and David Price (D-North Carolina), the Academy created the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences to respond to the following charge: “I look forward to learning more about how we can What are the top ten actions that Congress, state governments, further strengthen the arts, universities, foundations, educators, individual benefactors, and others should take now to maintain national excellence in humanities, and social sci- humanities and social scienti½c scholarship and education, and ences throughout the country. to achieve long-term national goals for our intellectual and eco- Understanding where we are, nomic well-being; for a stronger, more vibrant civil society; and where we have been, and for the success of cultural diplomacy in the twenty-½rst century? where we need to go is so im- “The humanities and social sciences provide the intellectual frame- portant, and I am pleased that the Academy is tackling work for the nation’s economic, political, and governing institu- tions,” said Commission Cochair Richard H. Brodhead. “They this challenge.” enrich our lives and our understanding. Americans already appre- –Senator Mark Warner (D-Virginia) ciate the importance of math and science to our future; this Com- mission will remind Americans of the long-term importance of the liberal arts as well.” 2 Bulletin of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, Winter 2011 Commission Cochair John W. Rowe added: “Knowledge of his- tory, an understanding of civic institutions, the ability to use evidence and to think creatively, an aptitude for cross-cultural “To preserve and build on communication–these are all vital attributes of a twenty-½rst- America’s traditions and century citizen.” principles, we must have a “The American Academy, with its long record of stewardship and ½rm understanding of our support for the humanities and social sciences, is well-suited to lead unique history, culture, and this effort,” said Leslie Berlowitz. “Scholarship and education in heritage. Our humanities and these disciplines enable our citizens and our government to adapt to evolving circumstances at home and abroad. They are critical to social science institutions our ability to compete in a global economy.” help to foster that understand- ing, and the results of this report will guide us as we work The initial ½ndings of the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences will serve as a companion to a National Academies forth- to strengthen those institutions.” coming report on the future of the research university and ways to –Representative Tom Petri (R-Wisconsin) strengthen the American scienti½c enterprise. On March 7, 2011, in a speech at the annual meeting of the National Humanities Alliance in Washington, DC, Leslie Berlowitz described “As our world becomes more the goals of the Commission: “We have witnessed crises in the past, interconnected, building a but too often our responses have been episodic and defensive. It is solid foundation in the hu- time to stop talking about a crisis. What we need is a sustained, long- manities is of vital national term, deeply collaborative effort to af½rm the importance of the importance. It is the humani- humanities and social sciences to the cultural, political, and econom- ic well-being of the nation.” (The full text of her remarks may be ties that ground, inform, and found on the Academy website at www.amacad.org.) shape our civic, cultural, and The American Academy Commission will draw on past research intellectual lives. Maintain- efforts, data from its Humanities Indicators, and the experience and ing a robust capacity for teaching and research in these expertise of a multidisciplinary group of national leaders to rec- ½elds will help provide a context and a framework for ommend speci½c, actionable steps to maintain the nation’s excel- the most current and urgent policy debates. I look for- lence in the humanities and the social sciences. The Commission will focus on education, research, and the institutions critical to ward to receiving the Commission’s recommendations.” advancing the humanities and social sciences in the nation. The –Representative David Price (D-North Carolina) Commission expects to complete its work over the next eighteen to twenty-four months. The Academy is grateful to the Andrew W.