Full Text in Pdf Format
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Genetic Variation in Heat Tolerance of the Coral Platygyra Daedalea Offers the Potential for 2 Adaptation to Ocean Warming
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.13.337089; this version posted October 17, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Title: Genetic variation in heat tolerance of the coral Platygyra daedalea offers the potential for 2 adaptation to ocean warming. 3 4 Running head: Genetics of corals’ heat tolerance 5 6 Holland Elder1* 7 Virginia Weis1 8 Jose Montalvo-Proano2,3 9 Veronique J.L Mocellin2 10 Andrew H. Baird3 11 Eli Meyer1, 4 12 Line K. Bay2, 4 13 14 1. Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA. 97331 15 2. Australian Institute of Marine Science, 1526 Cape Cleveland Road, Cape Cleveland 16 4810, Queensland, Australia 17 AIMS@JCU 18 3. ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, 1 James Cook 19 Dr, Douglas QLD 4814, Australia 20 4. These authors contributed equally 21 22 *corresponding author 23 760-622-9116 24 [email protected] 25 26 Keywords: coral reefs; resilience, heritability, genomic markers, allele frequency change 27 28 Paper type: Primary research article. 29 Global Change Biology 30 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.13.337089; this version posted October 17, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 31 Abstract 32 Reef-building corals are foundational species in coral reef ecosystems and are threatened 33 by many stressors including rising ocean temperatures. -
Taxonomy and Phylogenetic Relationships of the Coral Genera Australomussa and Parascolymia (Scleractinia, Lobophylliidae)
Contributions to Zoology, 83 (3) 195-215 (2014) Taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships of the coral genera Australomussa and Parascolymia (Scleractinia, Lobophylliidae) Roberto Arrigoni1, 7, Zoe T. Richards2, Chaolun Allen Chen3, 4, Andrew H. Baird5, Francesca Benzoni1, 6 1 Dept. of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126, Milan, Italy 2 Aquatic Zoology, Western Australian Museum, 49 Kew Street, Welshpool, WA 6106, Australia 3Biodiversity Research Centre, Academia Sinica, Nangang, Taipei 115, Taiwan 4 Institute of Oceanography, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan 5 ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD 4811, Australia 6 Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR227 Coreus2, 101 Promenade Roger Laroque, BP A5, 98848 Noumea Cedex, New Caledonia 7 E-mail: [email protected] Key words: COI, evolution, histone H3, Lobophyllia, Pacific Ocean, rDNA, Symphyllia, systematics, taxonomic revision Abstract Molecular phylogeny of P. rowleyensis and P. vitiensis . 209 Utility of the examined molecular markers ....................... 209 Novel micromorphological characters in combination with mo- Acknowledgements ...................................................................... 210 lecular studies have led to an extensive revision of the taxonomy References ...................................................................................... 210 and systematics of scleractinian corals. In the present work, we Appendix ....................................................................................... -
Volume 2. Animals
AC20 Doc. 8.5 Annex (English only/Seulement en anglais/Únicamente en inglés) REVIEW OF SIGNIFICANT TRADE ANALYSIS OF TRADE TRENDS WITH NOTES ON THE CONSERVATION STATUS OF SELECTED SPECIES Volume 2. Animals Prepared for the CITES Animals Committee, CITES Secretariat by the United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre JANUARY 2004 AC20 Doc. 8.5 – p. 3 Prepared and produced by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Cambridge, UK UNEP WORLD CONSERVATION MONITORING CENTRE (UNEP-WCMC) www.unep-wcmc.org The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre is the biodiversity assessment and policy implementation arm of the United Nations Environment Programme, the world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organisation. UNEP-WCMC aims to help decision-makers recognise the value of biodiversity to people everywhere, and to apply this knowledge to all that they do. The Centre’s challenge is to transform complex data into policy-relevant information, to build tools and systems for analysis and integration, and to support the needs of nations and the international community as they engage in joint programmes of action. UNEP-WCMC provides objective, scientifically rigorous products and services that include ecosystem assessments, support for implementation of environmental agreements, regional and global biodiversity information, research on threats and impacts, and development of future scenarios for the living world. Prepared for: The CITES Secretariat, Geneva A contribution to UNEP - The United Nations Environment Programme Printed by: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge CB3 0DL, UK © Copyright: UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre/CITES Secretariat The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP or contributory organisations. -
CNIDARIA Corals, Medusae, Hydroids, Myxozoans
FOUR Phylum CNIDARIA corals, medusae, hydroids, myxozoans STEPHEN D. CAIRNS, LISA-ANN GERSHWIN, FRED J. BROOK, PHILIP PUGH, ELLIOT W. Dawson, OscaR OcaÑA V., WILLEM VERvooRT, GARY WILLIAMS, JEANETTE E. Watson, DENNIS M. OPREsko, PETER SCHUCHERT, P. MICHAEL HINE, DENNIS P. GORDON, HAMISH J. CAMPBELL, ANTHONY J. WRIGHT, JUAN A. SÁNCHEZ, DAPHNE G. FAUTIN his ancient phylum of mostly marine organisms is best known for its contribution to geomorphological features, forming thousands of square Tkilometres of coral reefs in warm tropical waters. Their fossil remains contribute to some limestones. Cnidarians are also significant components of the plankton, where large medusae – popularly called jellyfish – and colonial forms like Portuguese man-of-war and stringy siphonophores prey on other organisms including small fish. Some of these species are justly feared by humans for their stings, which in some cases can be fatal. Certainly, most New Zealanders will have encountered cnidarians when rambling along beaches and fossicking in rock pools where sea anemones and diminutive bushy hydroids abound. In New Zealand’s fiords and in deeper water on seamounts, black corals and branching gorgonians can form veritable trees five metres high or more. In contrast, inland inhabitants of continental landmasses who have never, or rarely, seen an ocean or visited a seashore can hardly be impressed with the Cnidaria as a phylum – freshwater cnidarians are relatively few, restricted to tiny hydras, the branching hydroid Cordylophora, and rare medusae. Worldwide, there are about 10,000 described species, with perhaps half as many again undescribed. All cnidarians have nettle cells known as nematocysts (or cnidae – from the Greek, knide, a nettle), extraordinarily complex structures that are effectively invaginated coiled tubes within a cell. -
Of the Northern Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea
RESEARCH ARTICLE Lower Mesophotic Coral Communities (60- 125 m Depth) of the Northern Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea Norbert Englebert1,2,3*, Pim Bongaerts1,2, Paul R. Muir4, Kyra B. Hay1, Michel Pichon4, Ove Hoegh-Guldberg1,2 1 Global Change Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia, 2 Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia, 3 School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia, 4 Queensland Museum, Townsville, QLD, Australia a1111111111 a1111111111 * [email protected] a1111111111 a1111111111 a1111111111 Abstract Mesophotic coral ecosystems in the Indo-Pacific remain relatively unexplored, particularly at lower mesophotic depths (60 m), despite their potentially large spatial extent. Here, we OPEN ACCESS used a remotely operated vehicle to conduct a qualitative assessment of the zooxanthellate Citation: Englebert N, Bongaerts P, Muir PR, Hay coral community at lower mesophotic depths (60±125 m) at 10 different locations in the KB, Pichon M, Hoegh-Guldberg O (2017) Lower Great Barrier Reef Marine Park and the Coral Sea Commonwealth Marine Reserve. Lower Mesophotic Coral Communities (60-125 m Depth) mesophotic coral communities were present at all 10 locations, with zooxanthellate sclerac- of the Northern Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. tinian corals extending down to ~100 metres on walls and ~125 m on steep slopes. Lower PLoS ONE 12(2): e0170336. doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0170336 mesophotic coral communities were most diverse in the 60±80 m zone, while at depths of 100 m the coral community consisted almost exclusively of the genus Leptoseris. -
Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Echinophyllia Aspera (Scleractinia
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 793: 1–14 (2018) Complete mitochondrial genome of Echinophyllia aspera... 1 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.793.28977 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Complete mitochondrial genome of Echinophyllia aspera (Scleractinia, Lobophylliidae): Mitogenome characterization and phylogenetic positioning Wentao Niu1, Shuangen Yu1, Peng Tian1, Jiaguang Xiao1 1 Laboratory of Marine Biology and Ecology, Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Xiamen, China Corresponding author: Wentao Niu ([email protected]) Academic editor: B.W. Hoeksema | Received 9 August 2018 | Accepted 20 September 2018 | Published 29 October 2018 http://zoobank.org/8CAEC589-89C7-4D1D-BD69-1DB2416E2371 Citation: Niu W, Yu S, Tian P, Xiao J (2018) Complete mitochondrial genome of Echinophyllia aspera (Scleractinia, Lobophylliidae): Mitogenome characterization and phylogenetic positioning. ZooKeys 793: 1–14. https://doi. org/10.3897/zookeys.793.28977 Abstract Lack of mitochondrial genome data of Scleractinia is hampering progress across genetic, systematic, phy- logenetic, and evolutionary studies concerning this taxon. Therefore, in this study, the complete mitog- enome sequence of the stony coral Echinophyllia aspera (Ellis & Solander, 1786), has been decoded for the first time by next generation sequencing and genome assembly. The assembled mitogenome is 17,697 bp in length, containing 13 protein coding genes (PCGs), two transfer RNAs and two ribosomal RNAs. It has the same gene content and gene arrangement as in other Scleractinia. All genes are encoded on the same strand. Most of the PCGs use ATG as the start codon except for ND2, which uses ATT as the start codon. The A+T content of the mitochondrial genome is 65.92% (25.35% A, 40.57% T, 20.65% G, and 13.43% for C). -
Review of Species Selected on the Basis of the Analysis of 2015 CITES Export Quotas
UNEP-WCMC technical report Review of species selected on the basis of the Analysis of 2015 CITES export quotas (Version edited for public release) Review of species selected on the basis of the Analysis of 2015 CITES export quotas Prepared for The European Commission, Directorate General Environment, Directorate E - Global & Regional Challenges, LIFE ENV.E.2. – Global Sustainability, Trade & Multilateral Agreements, Brussels, Belgium Prepared November 2015 Copyright European Commission 2015 Citation UNEP-WCMC. 2015. Review of species selected on the basis of the Analysis of 2015 CITES export quotas. UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge. The UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC) is the specialist biodiversity assessment of the United Nations Environment Programme, the world’s foremost intergovernmental environmental organization. The Centre has been in operation for over 30 years, combining scientific research with policy advice and the development of decision tools. We are able to provide objective, scientifically rigorous products and services to help decision-makers recognize the value of biodiversity and apply this knowledge to all that they do. To do this, we collate and verify data on biodiversity and ecosystem services that we analyze and interpret in comprehensive assessments, making the results available in appropriate forms for national and international level decision-makers and businesses. To ensure that our work is both sustainable and equitable we seek to build the capacity of partners where needed, so that they can provide the same services at national and regional scales. The contents of this report do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP, contributory organisations or editors. The designations employed and the presentations do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP, the European Commission or contributory organisations, editors or publishers concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
Barcoding Corals: Limited by Interspecific Divergence, Not Intraspecific Variation
Molecular Ecology Resources (2008) 8, 247–255 doi: 10.1111/j.1471-8286.2007.01996.x DNABlackwell Publishing Ltd BARCODING Barcoding corals: limited by interspecific divergence, not intraspecific variation T. L. SHEARER* and M. A. COFFROTH† *School of Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 310 Ferst Dr., Atlanta, GA 30332-0230, USA, †Department of Geology, State University of New York at Buffalo, 109 Cooke Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA Abstract The expanding use of DNA barcoding as a tool to identify species and assess biodiversity has recently attracted much attention. An attractive aspect of a barcoding method to iden- tify scleractinian species is that it can be utilized on any life stage (larva, juvenile or adult) and is not influenced by phenotypic plasticity unlike morphological methods of species identification. It has been unclear whether the standard DNA barcoding system, based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), is suitable for species identification of scleractinian corals. Levels of intra- and interspecific genetic variation of the scleractinian COI gene were investigated to determine whether threshold values could be implemented to discriminate conspecifics from other taxa. Overlap between intraspecific variation and interspecific diver- gence due to low genetic divergence among species (0% in many cases), rather than high levels of intraspecific variation, resulted in the inability to establish appropriate threshold values specific for scleractinians; thus, it was impossible to discern most scleractinian species using this gene. Keywords: COI, DNA barcoding, interspecific divergence, intraspecific variation, scleractinian coral, species identification Received 24 January 2007; revision accepted 15 August 2007 DNA barcoding has become an attractive, yet controversial et al. -
New Genus and Species Record of Reef Coral Micromussa Amakusensis In
Ng et al. Marine Biodiversity Records (2019) 12:17 https://doi.org/10.1186/s41200-019-0176-3 RESEARCH Open Access New genus and species record of reef coral Micromussa amakusensis in the southern South China Sea Chin Soon Lionel Ng1,2, Sudhanshi Sanjeev Jain1, Nhung Thi Hong Nguyen1, Shu Qin Sam2, Yuichi Preslie Kikuzawa2, Loke Ming Chou1,2 and Danwei Huang1,2* Abstract Background: Recent taxonomic revisions of zooxanthellate scleractinian coral taxa have inevitably resulted in confusion regarding the geographic ranges of even the most well-studied species. For example, the recorded distribution ranges of Stylophora pistillata and Pocillopora damicornis, two of the most intensely researched experimental subjects, have been restricted dramatically due to confounding cryptic species. Micromussa is an Indo-Pacific genus that has been revised recently. The revision incorporated five new members and led to substantial range restriction of its type species and only initial member M. amakusensis to Japan and the Coral Triangle. Here, we report the presence of Micromussa amakusensis in Singapore using phylogenetic methods. Results: A total of seven M. amakusensis colonies were recorded via SCUBA surveys at four coral reef sites south of mainland Singapore, including two artificial seawall sites. Colonies were found encrusting on dead coral skeletons or bare rocky substrate between 2 and 5 m in depth. Morphological examination and phylogenetic analyses support the identity of these colonies as M. amakusensis, but the phylogeny reconstruction also shows that they form relatively distinct branches with unexpected lineage diversity. Conclusions: Our results and verified geographic records of M. amakusensis illustrate that, outside the type locality in Japan, the species can also be found widely in the South China Sea. -
Two Distinct, Geographically Overlapping Lineages of the Corallimorpharian Ricordea Florida (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia: Ricordeidae) H
Roger Williams University DOCS@RWU Feinstein College of Arts & Sciences Faculty Papers Feinstein College of Arts and Sciences 2011 Two Distinct, Geographically Overlapping Lineages of the Corallimorpharian Ricordea Florida (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia: Ricordeidae) H. Torres-Pratts University of Puerto Rico Mayagüe T. Lado-Insua University of Rhode Island Andrew L. Rhyne Roger Williams University, [email protected] L. Rodríguez-Matos University of Puerto Rico Mayagüe N. V. Schizas University of Puerto Rico Mayagüe Follow this and additional works at: http://docs.rwu.edu/fcas_fp Part of the Biology Commons, and the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Torres-Pratts, H., .T Lado-Insua, A.L. Rhyne, L. Rodrigues-Matos, and N.V. Schizas. 2011. "Two Distinct, Geographically Overlapping Lineages of the Corallimorpharian Ricordea Florida Cnidaria: Hexacorallia: Ricordeidae." Coral Reefs 30: 391-396. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Feinstein College of Arts and Sciences at DOCS@RWU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Feinstein College of Arts & Sciences Faculty Papers by an authorized administrator of DOCS@RWU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Coral Reefs (2011) 30:391–396 DOI 10.1007/s00338-010-0709-z NOTE Two distinct, geographically overlapping lineages of the corallimorpharian Ricordea florida (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia: Ricordeidae) H. Torres-Pratts • T. Lado-Insua • A. L. Rhyne • L. Rodrı´guez-Matos • N. V. Schizas Received: 3 March 2010 / Accepted: 12 December 2010 / Published online: 29 December 2010 Ó Springer-Verlag 2010 Abstract We examined the genetic variation of the cor- Guadeloupe, and Curac¸ao. Because of the multi-allelic allimorpharian Ricordea florida; it is distributed throughout nature of the ITS region, four individuals from Lineage 1 the Caribbean region and is heavily harvested for the marine and six from Lineage 2 were cloned to evaluate the levels of aquarium trade. -
Taxonomic Classification of the Reef Coral Family
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2016, 178, 436–481. With 14 figures Taxonomic classification of the reef coral family Lobophylliidae (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Scleractinia) DANWEI HUANG1*, ROBERTO ARRIGONI2,3*, FRANCESCA BENZONI3, HIRONOBU FUKAMI4, NANCY KNOWLTON5, NATHAN D. SMITH6, JAROSŁAW STOLARSKI7, LOKE MING CHOU1 and ANN F. BUDD8 1Department of Biological Sciences and Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore 2Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia 3Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy 4Department of Marine Biology and Environmental Science, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889- 2192, Japan 5Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013, USA 6The Dinosaur Institute, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA 7Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, PL-00-818, Warsaw, Poland 8Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA Received 14 July 2015; revised 19 December 2015; accepted for publication 31 December 2015 Lobophylliidae is a family-level clade of corals within the ‘robust’ lineage of Scleractinia. It comprises species traditionally classified as Indo-Pacific ‘mussids’, ‘faviids’, and ‘pectiniids’. Following detailed revisions of the closely related families Merulinidae, Mussidae, Montastraeidae, and Diploastraeidae, this monograph focuses on the taxonomy of Lobophylliidae. Specifically, we studied 44 of a total of 54 living lobophylliid species from all 11 genera based on an integrative analysis of colony, corallite, and subcorallite morphology with molecular sequence data. -
Species Richness and Relative Abundance of Reef-Building Corals in the Indo-West Pacific
diversity Article Species Richness and Relative Abundance of Reef-Building Corals in the Indo-West Pacific Lyndon DeVantier * and Emre Turak Coral Reef Research, 10 Benalla Rd., Oak Valley, Townsville 4810, QLD, Australia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 5 May 2017; Accepted: 27 June 2017; Published: 29 June 2017 Abstract: Scleractinian corals, the main framework builders of coral reefs, are in serious global decline, although there remains significant uncertainty as to the consequences for individual species and particular regions. We assessed coral species richness and ranked relative abundance across 3075 depth-stratified survey sites, each < 0.5 ha in area, using a standardized rapid assessment method, in 31 Indo-West Pacific (IWP) coral ecoregions (ERs), from 1994 to 2016. The ecoregions cover a significant proportion of the ranges of most IWP reef coral species, including main centres of diversity, providing a baseline (albeit a shifted one) of species abundance over a large area of highly endangered reef systems, facilitating study of future change. In all, 672 species were recorded. The richest sites and ERs were all located in the Coral Triangle. Local (site) richness peaked at 224 species in Halmahera ER (IWP mean 71 species Standard Deviation 38 species). Nineteen species occurred in more than half of all sites, all but one occurring in more than 90% of ERs. Representing 13 genera, these widespread species exhibit a broad range of life histories, indicating that no particular strategy, or taxonomic affiliation, conferred particular ecological advantage. For most other species, occurrence and abundance varied markedly among different ERs, some having pronounced “centres of abundance”.