Species Diversity 22: 219–223 25 November 2017 DOI: 10.12782/sd.22_219

First Confirmed Record of the Samoan (Perciformes: ) from Japan

Kunto Wibowo1,2,4 and Hiroyuki Motomura3 1 Graduate School of Fisheries, Kagoshima University, 4-50-20 Shimoarata, Kagoshima 890-0056, Japan 2 Research Center for Oceanography, LIPI, Jl. Pasir Putih I, Ancol Timur, Jakarta 14430, Indonesia E-mail: [email protected] 3 The Kagoshima University Museum, 1-21-30 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan 4 Corresponding author (Received 6 September 2017; Accepted 25 September 2017)

A single specimen (135.5 mm standard length) of the Indo-West Pacific species Halicampus mataafae (Jordan and Seale, 1906), previously known to range from the Red Sea and South Africa to Taiwan and Australia, was collected from Yoron Island, Amami Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. A detailed description is given for the specimen, being the first col- lected from Japanese waters and northernmost record of the species. Key Words: description, distribution, Yoron Island, Amami Islands, Ryukyu Islands.

as HL and SL, respectively. Descriptive characters are based Introduction on the Yoron Island specimen. Curatorial procedures fol- lowed Motomura and Ishikawa (2013), the specimen being The pipefish genus Halicampus Kaup, 1856 is charac- deposited in the Kagoshima University Museum, Kagoshi- terized by 39–56 total rings, including 13–18 trunk rings; ma, Japan (KAUM). 16–26 dorsal-fin rays; 2.75–6.5 suborbital rings; 10–20 pectoral-fin rays; 2–4 anal-fin rays; 10 caudal-fin rays; su- Halicampus mataafae (Jordan and Seale, 1906) perior trunk and tail ridges discontinuous; inferior trunk [English name: Samoan Pipefish; new standard Japanese ridge ending at anal fin; and lateral trunk ridge confluent name: Chabana-umiyakko] with inferior tail ridge (Dawson 1985). The genus includes (Figs 1, 2; Table 1) 12 valid Indo-Pacific species (Dawson 1985), the following having been recorded from Japanese waters and supported Corythroichthys mataafae Jordan and Seale 1906: 213, fig. 19 by voucher specimens: Halicampus boothae (Whitley, 1964), (type locality: off Mulinu'u, Upolu Island, Samoa). H. brocki (Herald, 1953), H. dunckeri (Chabanaud, 1929), Halicampus mataafae: Dawson 1985: 89, fig. 134 (Red Sea; H. grayi Kaup, 1856, H. nitidus (Günther, 1873), H. macro- South Africa; Réunion; Mauritius; Chagos Archipelago; rhynchus Bamber, 1915, H. punctatus (Kamohara, 1952) and Sri Lanka; Andaman Sea; Taiwan; Marshall Islands; Indo- H. spinirostris (Dawson and Allen, 1981) (Matsunuma et al. nesia; Samoa; Lizard Island, Australia); Winterbottom et 2013; Senou 2013) al. 1989: 19, fig. 101 (Chagos Archipelago); Randall 1995: During an ichthyofaunal survey at Yoron Island, Amami 101, fig. 216 (Oman, Arabian Sea); Randall and Lim 2000: Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Japan in July 2017, a single pipefish 604 (South China Sea); Allen and Adrim 2003: 28 (West specimen was collected from shallow dead coral reefs and Papua to Sumatra, Indonesia); Manilo and Bogorodsky subsequently identified as Halicampus mataafae (Jordan and 2003: S101 (Oman, Arabian Sea); Myers and Donald- Seale, 1906), a widely distributed (Red Sea and South Africa son 2003: 614 (Mariana Islands); Randall et al. 2003: 10 to Taiwan and Australia) Indo-West Pacific species (Dawson (Tonga); Fricke 2004: 29 (New Caledonia); Fricke et al. 1985; Randall 1995; Kuiter 2009). The Yoron Island speci- 2009: 37 (Réunion); Kuiter 2009: 267, unnumbered fig. men is described herein, being the first confirmed record (Lizard Island, Australia); Fricke et al. 2011: 375 (New of H. mataafae from Japan and northernmost record of the Caledonia); Allen and Erdmann 2012: 197, unnumbered species. fig. (in part; Red Sea, East Africa to Marshall Islands, Australia, and Samoa; see Remarks on Ryukyu Islands re- cord); Fricke et al. 2014: 46 (Madang, Papua New Guin- Materials and Methods ea).

Counts and measurements followed Dawson (1977, 1985) Material examined. KAUM–I. 104496, 135.5 mm SL, and Matsunuma (2017). Anatomical terminology followed male, off Chabana, Yoron Island, Amami Islands, Ryukyu Is- Dawson (1985). Head and standard lengths are abbreviated lands, Japan (27°02′57″N, 128°24′42″E), 2.5 m depth, hand

© 2017 The Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology 220 K. Wibowo and H. Motomura

Fig. 1. Photographs of Halicampus mataafae. KAUM–I. 104496, 135.5 mm SL, off Chabana, Yoron Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. A, fresh specimen; B, after preservation.

Fig. 2. Lateral views of head of Halicampus mataafae. KAUM–I. 104496, 135.5 mm SL. A, fresh specimen; B, sketch (dermal flaps, pectoral fin and scutellum not illustrated). Bar indicates 1 mm. net, 3 July 2017, coll. by K. Wibowo. originating on trunk. Small anal fin just behind anus. Cau- Description. Counts and measurements shown in dal fin small, rounded. Two bluntly tipped spines on lateral Table 1; body and lateral views of head illustrated in Figs 1 surface of snout. A bluntly tipped spine behind orbit, larger and 2, respectively. Body elongate, trunk obviously shorter than spines on snout. A small, bluntly tipped spine on pre- than tail, 1st trunk ring bearing pectoral-fin base, its length orbital. No spines on postorbital region. Median dorsal slightly greater than 2nd ring. Double oval-shaped nostril snout ridge discontinuous, ending on interorbital, with 3 prominent, with membranous fold, at level with middle of distinct ridges joined at base. Dorsal rim of orbit weakly el- eye. Pectoral fin present, with rounded contour. Dorsal fin evated. Longitudinal opercular ridge incomplete, its length First Japanese record of Halicampus mataafae 221

Table 1. Counts and measurements of Halicampus mataafae from Yoron Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan.

KAUM–I. 104496 Standard length (mm; SL) 135.5 Counts Dorsal-fin rays 22 Pectoral-fin rays 12 Anal-fin rays 3 Caudal-fin rays 10 Trunk rings 15 Tail rings 36 Subdorsal-fin rings 0.75+4.25 Measurements % SL % HL in SL in HL Trunk length 25.9 331.1 3.9 0.3 Tail length 65.1 832.1 1.5 0.1 Head length (HL) 7.8 100.0 12.8 1.0 Head width 3.2 41.5 30.8 2.4 Snout length 2.3 29.2 43.7 3.4 Snout depth 1.3 16.0 79.7 6.2 Orbit diameter 1.6 20.8 61.6 4.8 Interorbital width 0.7 9.4 135.5 10.6 Trunk depth 3.8 48.1 26.6 2.1 Trunk width 3.5 45.3 28.2 2.2 Anal-ring depth 3.6 46.2 27.7 2.2 Dorsal-fin base length 9.5 121.7 10.5 0.8 Dorsal-fin height 1.4 17.9 71.3 5.6 Pectoral-fin length 1.5 18.9 67.8 5.3 Pectoral-fin base length 1.3 17.0 75.3 5.9 Caudal-fin length 1.5 18.9 67.8 5.3 about one fourth of opercle length. Supraorbital, suborbital ing blotches on several trunk scutella). and supraopercular ridges present. Superior trunk and tail Remarks. The Yoron Island specimen agreed closely ridges discontinuous, margins of superior trunk ridges with the diagnostic characters and morphological descrip- without spines or serrations. Lateral tail ridge extending to tion of Halicampus mataafae (Jordan and Seale, 1906) given vertical through origin of anal-fin base but not reaching to by Dawson (1985): e.g., 15 trunk rings; 22 dorsal-fin rays; origin of dorsal fin. Inferior trunk and tail ridges discon- 0.75+4.25 subdorsal-fin rings; 12 pectoral-fin rays; 3 anal- tinuous. Inferior trunk ridge ending at posterior margin of fin rays; head length 12.8 in SL; snout depth 1.8 in snout anal ring. Posterior end of lateral trunk ridge curved ven- length; median dorsal snout ridge discontinuous, with 3 trally, confluent with inferior tail ridge above anal-fin base. distinct ridges; 2 spines on lateral surface of snout; dorsal All principal body ridges slightly elevated, with margin en- rim of orbit weakly elevated; no spines on postorbital and tire. Pectoral-fin base protruding laterally, with a distinct posterior supraorbital regions; opercular ridge incomplete; longitudinal ridge longer than ridge on opercle. Long, cy- pectoral fin-base protruding laterally, with a distinct ridge; lindrical, unbranched and distally broad lobate dermal flaps principal body ridges slightly elevated, margins entire. on dorsal and ventrolateral regions of head. Several dermal Halicampus mataafae can be distinguished from all other flaps laterally on opercle and pectoral fin-base, all much Indo-Pacific congeners by the relatively greater numbers of shorter than those on other regions on head. Dermal flaps trunk rings and dorsal-fin rays [15 and 21–26, respectively, on trunk and tail rings minute. Membranous folded brood vs. 13–15 (usually 14), except for H. grayi with 17–18, and pouch under tail, partially closed. <22, respectively, in the latter; Dawson 1985]. Color when fresh (Fig. 1A). Head and body greyish. Indo-Pacific species of Halicampus can be separated into Snout with two brownish bars. Eye with about eight radi- three groups, based on median dorsal snout ridge ornamen- ating brownish lines. Area behind eye and lateral surface tation (Dawson 1985). Those with minute spines include of opercle with several irregular brownish markings. Inner two species, H. grayi and H. macrorhynchus; those with a area of scutella whitish with brownish margins. Reddish to continuous ridge, six species, H. boothae, H. dunckeri, H. brownish blotches on 3rd, 7th and 11th trunk scutella. Dor- edmondsoni, H. marquesensis, H. punctatus, and H. zavoren- sal, anal and pectoral fins semi-translucent. Caudal fin whit- sis; and those with a discontinuous ridge, the four remain- ish. ing species, including H. mataafae. In addition to trunk Color of preserved specimen (Fig. 1B). Head and body ring and dorsal-fin ray numbers, H. mataafae can be dis- white to yellowish. Undersurface of tail whitish. All body tinguished from other species of the third group by its rela- markings similar to those when fresh, but brownish (includ- tively greater snout depth [1.2–2.7 in snout length (Dawson 222 K. Wibowo and H. Motomura

1985; this study) vs. 2.0–2.6 in H. nitidus, 2.3–3.2 in H. spin- “Biological Properties of Biodiversity Hotspots in Japan” irostris, and 2.4–4.5 in H. brocki (Dawson 1985)], margin of project of the National Museum of Nature and Science, superior ridges entire (Dawson 1985; this study) [vs. ser- Tsukuba, Japan; “Establishment of Research and Educa- rated in H. brocki and H. nitidus, and denticulate in H. spin- tion Network on Biodiversity and Its Conservation in the irostris (Dawson 1985)], and many cylindrical, unbranched Satsunan Islands” project of Kagoshima University adopted and distally broad lobate dermal head flaps (Kuiter 2009: by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and 267, unnumbered fig.; Allen and Erdmann 2012: 197, un- Technology, Japan; and the “Island Research” project by Ka- numbered fig.; this study, Fig. 2A; dermal flaps easy lost or goshima University. damaged after preservation, Fig. 1B) [vs. a few dermal flaps (usually only on dorsum of head) with complex branches in H. brocki and H. spinirostris, and many dermal flaps, flat, References unbranched and slightly broadened distally in H. nitidus (Dawson 1985; Senou 2013)]. Allen, G. R. and Adrim, M. 2003. fishes of Indonesia. Zoo- Halicampus mataafae has previously been recorded in the logical Studies 42: 1–72. Indo-West Pacific, including the northern Red Sea, South Allen, G. R. and Erdmann, M. V. 2012. Reef Fishes of the East Indies. Vols. 1–3. Tropical Reef Research, Perth, xiii+1292 pp. Africa, Réunion, Mauritius, the Chagos Archipelago, the Dawson, C. E. 1977. Synopsis of syngnathine usually referred Arabian Sea, Sri Lanka, the Andaman Sea, the South China to the genus Ichthyocampus Kaup, with description of new genera Sea (including Taiwan), the Mariana Islands, the Marshall and species. Bulletin of Marine Science 27: 595–650. Islands, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, New Caledonia, Dawson, C. E. 1985. Indo-Pacific Pipefishes (Red Sea to the Americas). Tonga, Samoa and Australia (Dawson 1985; Randall 1995; Gulf Coast Research Laboratory, Ocean Springs, vi+230 pp. Randall and Lim 2000; Allen and Adrim 2003; Myers and Fricke, R. 2004. Review of the pipefishes and (Teleostei: Syn- Donaldson 2003; Randall et al. 2003; Kuiter 2009; Fricke et gnathidae) of New Caledonia, with descriptions of five new spe- al. 2011, 2014). Although Allen and Erdmann (2012) in- cies. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde, Serie A (Biologie) 668: cluded the Ryukyu Islands within the distributional range of 1–66. H. mataafae, the record was unsupported, there being nei- Fricke, R., Allen, G. R., Andréfouët, S., Chen, W. J., Hamel, M. A., Laboute, P., Mana, R., Hui, T. H., and Uyeno, D. 2014. Checklist ther underwater photographs nor voucher specimens of the of the marine and estuarine fishes of Madang District, Papua New species from that locality (G. Allen, pers. comm.). There- Guinea, western Pacific Ocean, with 820 new records. Zootaxa fore, the present specimen from Yoron Island represents the 3832: 1–247. first reliable record from Japanese waters and northernmost Fricke, R., Kulbicki, M., and Wantiez, L. 2011. 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