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Ficha Catalográfica Online UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE ESTUDOS DA LINGUAGEM OSMAR MARÇOLI ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DOS DIALETOS DA LÍNGUA KAWAHIB (TUPI-GUARANI) Tenharim, Jiahui e Amondawa Campinas 2018 OSMAR MARÇOLI ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DOS DIALETOS DA LÍNGUA KAWAHIB (TUPI-GUARANI) Tenharim, Jiahui e Amondawa Dissertação de mestrado apresentada ao Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem da Universidade Estadual de Campinas para a obtenção do título de Mestre em Linguística. Orientador: Prof. Dr. Wilmar da Rocha D’Angelis Este exemplar corresponde à versão final da Dissertação defendida pelo aluno Osmar Marçoli e orientada pelo Prof. Dr. Wilmar da Rocha D’Angelis Campinas 2018 Agência(s) de fomento e nº(s) de processo(s): Não se aplica. Ficha catalográfica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Biblioteca do Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem Crisllene Queiroz Custódio - CRB 8/8624 Marçoli, Osmar, 1971- M333e MarEstudo comparativo dos dialetos da língua Kawahib (Tupi-Guarani) Tenharim, Jiahui e Amondawa / Osmar Marçoli. – Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2018. MarOrientador: Wilmar da Rocha D´Angelis. MarDissertação (mestrado) – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem. Mar1. Língua tupi-guarani - Dialetos - Fonologia. 2. Língua Kawahib. 3. Estudo comparado. 4. Índios da América do Sul - Brasil - Rondônia. 5. Índios da América do Sul - Brasil - Amazonas. I. D'Angelis, Wilmar, 1957-. II. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem. III. Título. Informações para Biblioteca Digital Título em outro idioma: Comparative analysis of the Kawahib (Tupi-Guarani) dialects Tenharim, Jiahui e Amondawa Palavras-chave em inglês: Tupi guarani languages - Dialects - Phonology Kawahib language Comparative studies Indians of South America - Brazil - Rondonia Indians of South America - Brazil - Amazonas Área de concentração: Linguística Titulação: Mestre em Linguística Banca examinadora: Wilmar da Rocha D'Angelis Angel Humberto Corbera Mori Carolina Coelho Aragon Data de defesa: 23-03-2018 Programa de Pós-Graduação: Linguística Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) BANCA EXAMINADORA: Wilmar da Rocha D'Angelis Angel Humberto Corbera Mori Carolina Coelho Aragon IEL/UNICAMP 2018 Ata da defesa, com as respectivas assinaturas dos membros da banca, encontra-se no SIGA - Sistema de Gestão Acadêmica. Sólo le pido a Dios Que el futuro no me sea indiferente Desahuciado esta el que tiene que marchar A vivir una cultura diferente. León Gieco A língua, de modo geral, é o meio pelo qual qualquer cultura se manifesta. Aryon Rodrigues AGRADECIMENTOS Às lideranças e aos participantes Tenharim (aldeias Mafuí e Campinho), Jiahui (aldeia Ju’i) e Amondawa (aldeia Trincheira) pela anuência concedida e participação efetiva nesta pesquisa. Ao amigo médico-indigenista-missionário Dr. Gilles de Catheu (Dr. Gil) por sua amizade e apoio logístico durante as viagens destinadas ao trabalho de campo em Rondônia e sul do Amazonas. Aos meus familiares e demais amigos pelo incentivo. Ao professor Dr. Wilmar da Rocha D’Angelis pela gratificante orientação, do início ao término deste trabalho dissertativo. Aos professores Drs. Angel C. Mori (IEL/Unicamp) e Carolina C. Aragon (Universidade Católica de Brasília) que participaram de minha banca de qualificação e defesa, por suas observações e sugestões. Ao Programa de Pós-Graduação do IEL pelo apoio para a realização do trabalho de campo. A todos, minha gratidão! RESUMO Esta dissertação de mestrado apresenta uma análise comparativa dos dialetos da língua Kawahib (Tupi-Guarani), falada pelos povos indígenas Tenharim, Jiahui e Amondawa, localizados na Amazônia Meridional Brasileira, especificamente nos Estados de Rondônia e sul do Amazonas. Apresentamos a fonologia da língua Kawahib (Tenharim, Jiahui e Amondawa) e alguns de seus processos fonológicos e morfofonológicos, a partir de uma perspectiva sincrônica, demonstrando as particularidades dialetais. Como metodologia, o trabalho de campo proporcionou a adoção de um extenso corpus a partir de dados de fala destinados ao estudo da estrutura dessa língua. Incluímos pessoas de ambos os sexos e de diferentes faixas etárias não elegendo assim um “falante ideal”. Também é apresentado o contexto sociogeográfico, população e situação linguística dos povos falantes da língua Kawahib assim como os estudos linguísticos anteriores. Os principais teóricos que fundamentam esta análise são Jakobson ([1931] 2008); [1958] 2008), Rodrigues (1964; 1986), Rodrigues & Cabral (2002; 2005; [1984-1985] 2011; 2012), Thomason & Kaufman (1988), Dietrich (1990; 2010), Chambers & Trudgill (1998). Os resultados obtidos indicam a manifestação de variação inter e intradialetal (variações diatópicas e diastráticas) e revelam a ocorrência de mudança linguística em processo. A conclusão deste trabalho aponta para um aprimoramento do mapeamento linguístico onde estão inseridos os dialetos constituintes da língua Kawahib na família linguística Tupi-Guarani. Palavras-chave: Línguas Indígenas; Língua Kawahib; Fonologia; Línguas e Dialetos. ABSTRACT This dissertation presents a comparative analysis of the Kawahib (Tupi-Guarani) dialects, spoken by the Tenharim, Jiahui and Amondawa indigenous peoples, located in the Brazilian Southern Amazon, specifically in the states of Rondônia and Southern Amazonas. We present the phonology of the Kawahib language (Tenharim, Jiahui and Amondawa) and some of its phonological and morphophonological processes, from a synchronic perspective, demonstrating the dialectal peculiarities. As a methodology, the field work provided the production of an extensive corpus from the data of speech destined to the study of the structure of that language. We include people of both sexes and different age groups, thus not electing an "ideal speaker." The socio-geographical context, population and linguistic situation of Kawahib-speaking peoples as well as previous linguistic studies are also presented. The main theorists that base this analysis are Jakobson ([1931] 2008); [1958] 2008), Rodrigues (1964; 1986), Rodrigues & Cabral (2002; 2005; [1984-1985] 2011; 2012), Thomason & Kaufman (1988), Dietrich (1990; 2010), Chambers & Trudgill (1998). The obtained results indicate the manifestation of inter and intra-dialectal variation (diatopic and diastratic variations) and reveal the occurrence of linguistic change in process. The conclusion of this work points to an improvement of the linguistic mapping where the constituent dialects of the Kawahib language are inserted in the Tupi-Guarani linguistic family. Keywords: Indigenous Languages; Kawahib language; Phonology; Languages and Dialects. LISTA DE ILUSTRAÇÕES FIGURA 1 – Região do interflúvio Madeira -Tapajós ....................................................... 022 FIGURA 2 – Kagwahiva Setentrionais e Meridionais ....................................................... 025 FIGURA 3 – Linhas de movimento dos Kagwahiva .......................................................... 031 FIGURA 4 – Cladograma (SAMPAIO, 2001) ................................................................... 071 FIGURA 5 – Espectrograma de ['] ‘vocês’ em Amondawa ....................................... 085 FIGURA 6 – Espectrograma de ['] ‘vocês’ em Amondawa ........................................ 086 FIGURA 7 – Tipos de Sílabas em Parintintin .................................................................... 103 FIGURA 8 – Espectrograma de [] em contexto intervocálico em Amondawa ................ 119 FIGURA 9 – Espectrograma de [] em contexto intervocálico em Tenharim .................. 120 FIGURA 10 – Espectrograma de [] em contexto intervocálico em Jiahui ...................... 120 LISTA DE QUADROS QUADRO 1 – Metades exogâmicas dos povos Kagwahiva .............................................. 027 QUADRO 2 – Grupos em situação de isolamento voluntário (de língua Kawahib) .......... 059 QUADRO 3 – Subconjuntos V e VI .................................................................................. 064 QUADRO 4 – Ramos da família Tupi-Guarani ................................................................. 065 QUADRO 5 – Agrupamento geográfico e tipológico das línguas FTG ............................ 066 QUADRO 6 – Fones consonantais ..................................................................................... 074 QUADRO 7 – Fonemas consonantais ................................................................................ 074 QUADRO 8 – Ocorrência dos fonemas consonantais na sílaba ........................................ 097 QUADRO 9 – Fones vocálicos ...........................................................................................100 QUADRO 10 – Fonemas vocálicos ....................................................................................100 QUADRO 11 – Segmentos ambivalentes: [w] e [j] ............................................................115 LISTA DE TABELAS TABELA 1 – Percentuais de similaridades fonética e fonêmica (SAMPAIO, 1998) ........ 069 TABELA 2 – Percentual de similaridade fonética (SAMPAIO, 2001) ..............................070 LISTA DE ABREVIATURAS E SIGLAS Amo povo Amondawa CIMI Conselho Indigenista Missionário CUNPIR Coordenação da União das Nações e Povos Indígenas de Rondônia FTG Família Tupi-Guarani FUNAI Fundação Nacional do Índio IBGE Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística INCRA Instituto Nacional de Colonização e Reforma Agrária IPA Alfabeto Fonético Internacional ISA Instituto Socioambiental Jia povo Jiahui OPAN Operação Amazônia Nativa PAC Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento PASS passado
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