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Colorado History Chronology
Colorado History Chronology 13,000 B.C. Big game hunters may have occupied area later known as Colorado. Evidence shows that they were here by at least 9200 B.C. A.D. 1 to 1299 A.D. Advent of great Prehistoric Cliff Dwelling Civilization in the Mesa Verde region. 1276 to 1299 A.D. A great drought and/or pressure from nomadic tribes forced the Cliff Dwellers to abandon their Mesa Verde homes. 1500 A.D. Ute Indians inhabit mountain areas of southern Rocky Mountains making these Native Americans the oldest continuous residents of Colorado. 1541 A.D. Coronado, famed Spanish explorer, may have crossed the southeastern corner of present Colorado on his return march to Mexico after vain hunt for the golden Seven Cities of Cibola. 1682 A.D. Explorer La Salle appropriates for France all of the area now known as Colorado east of the Rocky Mountains. 1765 A.D. Juan Maria Rivera leads Spanish expedition into San Juan and Sangre de Cristo Mountains in search of gold and silver. 1776 A.D. Friars Escalante and Dominguez seeking route from Santa Fe to California missions, traverse what is now western Colorado as far north as the White River in Rio Blanco County. 1803 A.D. Through the Louisiana Purchase, signed by President Thomas Jefferson, the United States acquires a vast area which included what is now most of eastern Colorado. While the United States lays claim to this vast territory, Native Americans have resided here for hundreds of years. 1806 A.D. Lieutenant Zebulon M. Pike and small party of U.S. -
Mississippi-Alabama Sea Grant Consortium 2018-21 Strategic Plan Table of Contents Strategic Planning Process
Mississippi-Alabama Sea Grant Consortium 2018-21 Strategic Plan Table of Contents Strategic Planning Process .............................................................................................................. 1 External and Internal Input ......................................................................................................... 1 Vision ............................................................................................................................................... 3 Mission ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Core Values ..................................................................................................................................... 3 Organizational Excellence ............................................................................................................... 3 Partnerships .................................................................................................................................... 4 Shared Positions While Leveraging Partnerships ........................................................................ 4 Gulf Sea Grant Programs ............................................................................................................. 4 State and Local Agencies ............................................................................................................. 5 Federal Agencies ........................................................................................................................ -
Analyzing Louisiana's Sales Taxsystem in the Wake of South
Louisiana Law Review Volume 80 Number 1 Fall 2019 Article 13 3-3-2020 There Must Be a Better Way: Analyzing Louisiana’s Sales TaxSystem in the Wake of South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc. Claire E. Schnell Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.lsu.edu/lalrev Part of the Law Commons Repository Citation Claire E. Schnell, There Must Be a Better Way: Analyzing Louisiana’s Sales TaxSystem in the Wake of South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., 80 La. L. Rev. (2020) Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.lsu.edu/lalrev/vol80/iss1/13 This Comment is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Reviews and Journals at LSU Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Louisiana Law Review by an authorized editor of LSU Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. There Must Be a Better Way: Analyzing Louisiana’s Sales Tax System in the Wake of South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc. Claire E. Schnell* TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction .................................................................................. 248 I. Origins of the Physical Presence Requirement ............................ 251 A. Why “Use Taxes”? ................................................................ 251 B. History of the Physical Presence Requirement ...................... 252 1. National Bellas Hess v. Department of Revenue of Illinois: The Seminal Case on the Physical Presence Requirement ..................................................... 253 2. Complete Auto Transit, Inc. v. Brady: Introduction of “Substantial Nexus” ............................... 254 3. Quill Corp. v. North Dakota: The Physical Presence Requirement Lives on in the Digital Age ........ 254 4. Congressional Inaction in the Wake of Quill .................. 255 5. Direct Marketing Concurrence: Tides Turning on the Physical Presence Requirement ........................... -
Tennessee Valley Texas 1851 – 1951 Ann Joseph
Tennessee Valley Texas 1851 – 1951 Ann Joseph © 1986 by Ann Joseph All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America by Stillhouse Hollow Publishers Inc. P.O. Box 769, Temple, Texas 76503 DEDICATION This hook is dedicated to all those descendants who graciously shared their memories and photos of family and neighbor, to their ancestors whose courage and contributions inspired this modest memorial to the pioneer spirit, and to m y parents, Cecil and Mae Francis, whose love of the land and its people was passed on to their children. Austin, Texas August, 1985 Table of Contents FOREWORD ................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. THE SETTLEMENT: 1851 -1951............... Error! Bookmark not defined. ALLEN-DRAPER-HOWELL...................... Error! Bookmark not defined. BIGHAM ........................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. BIRDSONG ..................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. BOUNDS .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. CORNELISON - CROW - WHITELEY .. Error! Bookmark not defined. COX ................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. CRASS ................................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. EUBANKS ........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. FRANCIS .......................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. -
Mississippi Population Fact Sheet
Mississippi Fact Sheet Population Growth, Millennials, Brain Drain, and the Economy A Report to the Governor Dr. Mimmo Parisi Professor of Demography Department of Sociology Mississippi State University January 19, 2018 2017 Population Growth by the Numbers Population growth depends on multiple factors that includes Population Growth = (Births-Deaths) + (Net Domestic Migration + Net numbers of births and deaths, net International Migration) domestic migration, and net international migration. How each factor contributes to population Population Growth = (37,373 – 30,875) + (-9,885 + 2,087) growth must be seen in relation to the others. All factors must be Population Growth = 6,498 – 7,798 examined together to provide an accurate picture of any population Population Growth = -1,300 estimate. Also, all factors must be seen in the context of national trends to fully understand the magnitude of their impact on a given state. The estimates presented in the following slides provide detailed information on each factor that contributes to population growth, along with information on millennials, brain drain, and overall state economic indicators. Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Division, 2017. https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/datasets/2010-2017/national/totals/ 3 Mississippi Population, 2000-2017 The estimates for 2016 and 2017 indicate that the population declined by 1,300. This decline is within the estimation margin of error and it will be revised next year, therefore this number needs to be interpreted cautiously. It also means that there has been no substantive decline in total population. The only conclusion one can draw from these estimates is that the Mississippi total 3,000,000 2,988,578 population has remained fairly stable. -
1992 Program + Abstracts
The J'J'l!. Annual Midwest Archaeological Conference 1 1 ' ll\T ii~,, !,II !ffll}II II I ~\: ._~ •,.i.~.. \\\•~\,'V · ''f••r·.ot!J>,. 1'1.~•~'l'rl!nfil . ~rt~~ J1;1r:1ri WA i1. '1~;111.-U!!•ac~~ 1.!\ ill: 11111m I! nIn 11n11 !IIIIIIII Jill!! lTiili 11 HJIIJJll llIITl nmmmlllll Illlilll 1IT1Hllll .... --·---------- PROGRAM AND ABSTRACTS October 16-18, 1992 Grand Rapids, Michigan F Con£eren ·, MAC 1992 Midwest Archaeological Conference 37!!! Annual Meeting October 16-18, 1992 Grand Rapids, Michigan Sponsored By: The Grand Valley State University Department of Anthropology and Sociology The Public Museum of Grand Rapids CONFERENCE ORGANIZING C0MMITIEE Janet BrashlerElizabeth ComellFred Vedders Mark TuckerPam BillerJaret Beane Brian KwapilJack Koopmans The Department of Anthropology and Sociology gratefully acknowledges the contributions of the following organizations for their assistance in planning the 1992 Midwest Archaeological Conference: The Grand Valley State University Conference Planning Office The Office of the President, Grand Valley State University The Anthropology Student Organization The Public Museum of Grand Rapids Cover Rlustration: Design from Norton Zoned Dentate Pot, Mound C, Norton Mounds 8f(!r/!lA_. ARCHIVES ;z.g-'F' Office of the State Archaeologist The Universi~i of Iowa ~ TlA<-, Geuetftf 1'l!M&rmation \"l,_ "2. Registration Registration is located on the second floor of the L.V. Eberhard Center at the Conference Services office. It will be staffed from 11:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m. on Friday, Oct. 16; 7:30 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. on Saturday, Oct. 17; and from 7:30 a.m. -
A Confusion of Institutions: Spanish Law and Practice in a Francophone Colony, Louisiana, 1763-Circa 1798
THE TULANE EUROPEAN AND CIVIL LAW FORUM VOLUME 31/32 2017 A Confusion of Institutions: Spanish Law and Practice in a Francophone Colony, Louisiana, 1763-circa 1798 Paul E Hoffman* I. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 1 II. THE ECONOMIC SYSTEM AND LOCAL LAW AND ORDER .................... 4 III. SLAVERY ............................................................................................. 13 IV. CONCLUSION ...................................................................................... 20 I. INTRODUCTION French Louisiana had been a thorn in the flank of Spain’s Atlantic Empire from its founding in 1699. Failure to remove that thorn in 1699 and again in 1716, when doing so would have been comparatively easy and Spanish naval forces were positioned to do so, meant that by 1762 the wound had festered, so that the colony had become what La Salle, Iberville, Bienville, and their royal masters had envisioned: a smuggling station through which French goods reached New Spain and Cuba and their goods—dye stuffs and silver mostly—reached France and helped to pay the costs of a colony that consumed more than it produced, at least so 1 far as the French crown’s finances were concerned. * © 2017 Paul E Hoffman. Professor Emeritus of History, Louisiana State University. 1. I have borrowed the “thorn” from ROBERT S. WEDDLE, THE FRENCH THORN: RIVAL EXPLORERS IN THE SPANISH SEA, 1682-1762 (1991); ROBERT S. WEDDLE, CHANGING TIDES: TWILIGHT AND DAWN IN THE SPANISH SEA, 1763-1803 (1995) (carries the story of explorations). The most detailed history of the French colony to 1731 is the five volumes of A History of French Louisiana: MARCEL GIRAUD, 1-4 HISTOIRE DE LA LOUISIANA FRANÇAISE (1953-74); 1 A HISTORY OF FRENCH LOUISIANA: THE REIGN OF LOUIS XIV, 1698-1715 (Joseph C. -
Baton Rouge, Louisiana
BATON ROUGE, LOUISIANA STEADY RENT GROWTH PROJECTED AS LOCAL TRADE ECONOMY EXPANDS MARKET TRENDS While payrolls shrank by close to 30,000 jobs in EFFECTIVE RENT AND OCCUPANCY 2020, jobs recovery will be a major trend in 2021 $1,050 98% and ultimately will be critical in buoying demand for apartments in Baton Rouge. Positive momen- tum is expected in the construction and the trade and transportation industries thanks to major $1,020 96% expansions at ports that act as vital economic hubs. In October 2020, port officials entered into a lease agreement with Houston-based renew- $990 94% able energy company Greentech Materials. The tech firm aims to develop a 164-acre diesel fuel plant that would create 500 jobs during construc- $960 92% tion and dozens of high-paying tech jobs fol- lowing completion. Likewise, energy giant Shell is considering a $1.2 billion investment into its Geismar plant that would create approximately $930 90% * ** ** 150 permanent positions and 1,500 construction ’16 ’17 ’18 ’19 ’20 ’21 ’22 Effective Rent Occupancy jobs. Despite the negative pressure on the econ- omy caused by pandemic restrictions, pent-up ABSORPTION AND DELIVERIES demand for apartment housing encouraged 2021 MARKET AT A GLANCE operators to increase effective rent 0.8% during 4,000 2020 as occupancy rose 140 basis points annually OCCUPANCY RATE to 93.1%. Effective rent should continue increasing in 2021 and 2022 with the expectation that the 93.0% Down 10 bps YOY diversifying economy and low cost of living will 2,000 continue to attract new renters to the area as it fully recovers from the pandemic. -
Tennessee, 2015: Highlights
IWPR #R453 www.statusofwomendata. org The Status of Women in Tennessee, 2015: Highlights Women in Tennessee have made considerable advances in recent years but still face inequities that often prevent them from reaching their full potential. Since the 2004 Status of Women in the States report was published, the gender wage gap in Tennessee has narrowed, a higher percentage of women have bachelor’s degrees, and women are more likely to work in managerial or professional occupations. Yet, as in all other states, women in Tennessee are less likely than men to be in the labor force and more likely to live in poverty. Women also continue to be underrepresented in the state legislature. If current trends continue, women in Tennessee Women hold 17.4% will not see equal pay until the year 2057.* of seats in the state legislature. Key Findings Tennessee . Tennessee’s best grade is in the area of employment and earnings, for Report Card Summary which it receives a C-. Its worst grades are in health and well-being, Political Participation D- reproductive rights, and political participation, for which it gets a D-. Employment & Earnings C- . Tennessee women who work full-time, year-round earn 84 cents on the dollar compared with similarly employed men. Work & Family D . Approximately 30.1 percent of those working in science, technology, Poverty & Opportunity D engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields in Tennessee are women, compared with 28.8 percent nationwide. Reproductive Rights D- . As of 2015, there are no women of color from Tennessee in the U.S. Health & Well-Being D- Congress. -
Read an Excerpt
ooChoctaw Tales Collected and Annotated by TOM MOULD Contents xv Foreword xix Preface xxv Introduction 3 THE STORYTELLERS 3 Storytellers of the Past 15 Storytellers of the Present 38 THE GENRES OF CHOCTAW STORYTELLING 40 Native Terms 45 Commentary and Contextualization 53 Patterns and Performance 57 A Note on the Texts 61 CREATION STORIES AND MYTHS 64 The Choctaw Creation Legend 65 Nané Chaha 65 Men and Grasshoppers 66 Creation of the Tribes 67 Origin of the Crawfish Band 68 The Creation of the Choctaw vii viii CONTENTS 71 The Migration Legend 72 Migration 73 A Short Story of the Creation of the First Man 73 Tradition of the Flood 75 The Flood 76 Lightning and Thunder 77 The Origin of Corn 77 Corn-Finding Myth 78 Wild Geese and the Origin of Corn 78 The Geese, the Ducks, and Water 79 The Life of Dogs 80 How the Snakes Acquired Their Poison 81 The Owl 81 Tashka and Walo 83 The Hunter of the Sun 85 Yallofalaiya 88 Nameless Choctaw 92 The Hunter and the Alligator 94 SUPERNATURAL LEGENDS AND ENCOUNTERS 97 The Girl and the Devil 98 The Eagle Story 99 Skate’ne 101 Hoklonote’she 101 A Story of Kashikanchak 103 Kashikanchak 104 The Spectre and the Hunter 107 The Hunter Who Became a Deer 109 The Man Who Became a Snake CONTENTS ix 112 Half-Horse, Half-Man 113 Kashehotapalo 113 Na Losa Falaya 114 Manlike Creature 115 Okwa Nahollo—White People of the Water 116 Big Pond 117 The Water Choctaw 117 Påß Falaya 121 Nishkin Chafa—One-Eye 123 Headless Man 123 The Inhuman Na Losa Chitto 124 The Demon Na Losa Chitto 125 A Big Hog 126 Big Black Hairy Monster -
Arkansas V. Oklahoma: Restoring the Notion of Partnership Under the Clean Water Act Katheryn Kim Frierson [email protected]
University of Chicago Legal Forum Volume 1997 | Issue 1 Article 16 Arkansas v. Oklahoma: Restoring the Notion of Partnership under the Clean Water Act Katheryn Kim Frierson [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/uclf Recommended Citation Frierson, Katheryn Kim () "Arkansas v. Oklahoma: Restoring the Notion of Partnership under the Clean Water Act," University of Chicago Legal Forum: Vol. 1997: Iss. 1, Article 16. Available at: http://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/uclf/vol1997/iss1/16 This Comment is brought to you for free and open access by Chicago Unbound. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Chicago Legal Forum by an authorized administrator of Chicago Unbound. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Arkansas v Oklahoma: Restoring the Notion of Partnership Under the Clean Water Act Katheryn Kim Friersont The long history of interstate water pollution disputes traces the steady rise of federal regulatory power in the area of environ- mental policy, culminating in the passage of the Clean Water Act Amendments of 1972.1 Arkansas v Oklahoma2 is the third and latest Supreme Court decision involving interstate water pol- lution since the passage of the 1972 amendments. By all ac- counts, Arkansas is wholly consistent with the Court's prior decisions. In Milwaukee v Illinois3 and InternationalPaper Co. v Ouellette,4 the Court held that the Clean Water Act ("CWA") preempted all traditional common law and state law remedies. Consequently, states lost much of their traditional authority to direct water pollution policies. Despite the claim that the CWA intended "a regulatory 'partnership' between the Federal Govern- ment and the source State", Milwaukee and InternationalPaper placed states in a subordinate position to the federal govern- t B.A. -
Northern and Louisiana Waterthrushes in California
CALIFORNIA BIRDS Volume 2, Number 3, 1971 NORTHERN AND LOUISIANA WATERTHRUSHES IN CALIFORNIA Laurence C. Binford INTRODUCTION No thorough summaryof the Californiastatus of the Northern Waterthrush Seiurus noveboracensis and the Louisiana Waterthrush S. rnotacillahas been publishedsince 1944 (Grinnelland Miller). Since then the statusof the LouisianaWaterthrush has not changed,there still beingonly one recordfor the state. For the Northern Waterthrush, on the other hand, the increasein number and sophisticationof birdershas producedmany additional records, from which certain trends begin to emerge. One problem that rendersthese new data difficult to interpret is "observerbias." Field ornithologiststend to be selectivein their birding habits in respectto localitiesand dates. As a result, large areas of the state remain virtually unworked, and other localities are visited only at certain times of the year. My remarksconcerning the statusof the Northern Waterthrushin Californiaare thereforelargely speculative. Calif. Birds2:77-92, 1971 77 WATERTHRUSHES IN CALIFORNIA NORTHERN WATERTHRUSH The Northern Waterthrush breeds from north-central Alaska and the tree line in northern Canada south to central British Columbia and the northern tier of states from Idaho eastward. In winter it occursprimarily from southernMexico, the Bahamas,and Bermuda south through Central America and the West Indies to northern South America. It winters in smaller numbers on both coasts of Mexico north to San Luis Potosi,Sinaloa (rare), Nayarit (common), and southern Baja California, and casuallyin southeasternUnited States(Alden, 1969; AmericanOrnithologists' Union, 1957; Miller, et al., 1957). Althoughthis speciesmigrates principally through central and eastern United States and acrossthe Gulf of Mexico, it is known to be a regular but rather uncommon transient through eastern Arizona(Phillips, et al., 1964).