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Home , Atovaquone, Chloroquine, Lumefantrine, Proguanil, Sulfadiazine, Tinidazole

Page 1 of 2 () Drug Adult dosage Pediatric dosage Drug of choice:1 2 g PO once or 500 mg bid x 7d 15 mg/kg/d PO in 3 doses x 7d OR Tinidazole2 2 g PO once 50 mg/kg once (max. 2 g) 1. Sexual partners should be treated simultaneously with same dosage. Metronidazole-resistant strains have been reported and can be treated with higher doses of metronidazole (2-4 g/d x 7-14d) or with (MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2006; 55 [RR11]:1). 2. A similar to metronidazole, tinidazole appears to be as effective as metronidazole and better tolerated (Med Lett Drugs Ther 2004; 46:70). It should be taken with food to minimize GI adverse effects. For children and patients unable to take tablets, a phar- macist can crush the tablets and mix them with cherry syrup (Humco, and others). The syrup suspension is good for 7 days at room temperature and must be shaken before use (HB Fung and TL Doan et al, Clin Ther 2005; 27:1859). , a similar drug, is also used outside the US.

Information provided by The Medical Letter. For a copy of the entire Drugs for Parasitic article, go to: www.medicalletter.org/parasitic_cdc

MANUFACTURERS OF DRUGS USED TO TREAT PARASITIC INFECTIONS – Albenza (GlaxoSmithKline) Malarone (GlaxoSmithKline) – Albenza (GlaxoSmithKline) – albendazole / Alinia (Romark) – malathion – Ovide (Medicis) AmBisome (Gilead) – , liposomal mebendazole – Vermox (McNeil), others amphotericin B – Fungizone (Apothecon), others – Lariam (Roche) amphotericin B, liposomal – AmBisome (Gilead) § meglumine antimonate – Glucantime (Aventis, Ancobon (Valeant) – France) § Antiminth () – pyrantel pamoate † – Mel-B • Aralen (Sanofi) – HCl and chloroquine † Mel-B – melarsoprol phosphate Mepron (GlaxoSmithKline) – atovaquone § – Artenam (Arenco, Belgium) metronidazole – Flagyl (Pfizer), others § artemether/ – Coartem, Riamet § – Monistat i.v. (Novartis) § – Impavido (Zentaris, Germany) § Artenam (Arenco, Belgium) – artemether § Monistat i.v. – miconazole § – (Guilin No. 1 Factory, People’s NebuPent (Fujisawa) – isethionate Republic of China) § niclosamide – Yomesan (, Germany) atovaquone – Mepron (GlaxoSmithKline) † – Lampit (Bayer, Germany) atovaquone/proguanil – Malarone nitazoxanide – Alinia (Romark) (GlaxoSmithKline) Nix (GlaxoSmithKline) – permethrin – Zithromax (Pfizer), others • Nizoral (Janssen) – • Bactrim (Roche) – TMP/Sulfa § ornidazole – Tiberal (Roche, France) § – Rochagan (Brazil) Ornidyl (Aventis) – • Biaxin (Abbott) – clarithromycin (Difluoromethylornithine, DFMO) § Biltricide (Bayer) – Ovide (Medicis) – malathion † – Bitin (Tanabe, Japan) § oxamniquine – Vansil (Pfizer) † Bitin (Tanabe, Japan) – bithionol § Paludrine (AstraZeneca, United Kingdom) – proguanil § Brolene (Aventis, Canada) – – Humatin (Monarch); Leshcutan isethionate (Teva, Israel; topical formulation not available chloroquine HCl and chloroquine phosphate – in US) Aralen (Sanofi), others Pentam 300 (Fujisawa) – pentamidine isethionate clarithromycin – Biaxin (Abbott), others pentamidine isethionate – Pentam 300 (Fujisawa), • Cleocin (Pfizer) – NebuPent (Fujisawa) clindamycin – Cleocin (Pfizer), others † Pentostam (GlaxoSmithKline, United Kingdom) – Coartem (Novartis) – artemether/lumefantrine crotamiton – Eurax (Westwood-Squibb) permethrin – Nix (GlaxoSmithKline), Elimite – (Jacobus) (Allergan) § Daraprim (GlaxoSmithKline) – USP § praziquantel – Biltricide (Bayer) † diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) – Hetrazan phosphate USP • Diflucan (Pfizer) – § proguanil – Paludrine (AstraZeneca, United Kingdom) § furoate – Furamide (Boots, United proguanil/atovaquone – Malarone Kingdom) (GlaxoSmithKline) – Vibramycin (Pfizer), others § propamidine isethionate – Brolene (Aventis, eflornithine (Difluoromethylornithine, DFMO) – Canada) Ornidyl (Aventis) § pyrantel pamoate – Antiminth (Pfizer) § Egaten (Novartis) – triclabendazole pyrethrins and piperonyl butoxide – RID (Pfizer), Elimite (Allergan) – permethrin others Ergamisol (Janssen) – levamisole § pyrimethamine USP – Daraprim (GlaxoSmithKline) Eurax (Westwood-Squibb) – crotamiton Qualaquin – sulfate (Mutual Pharmaceutical • Flagyl (Pfizer) – metronidazole Co/AR Scientific) § Flisint (Sanofi-Aventis, France) – quinacrine fluconazole – Diflucan (Pfizer), others * gluconate (Eli Lilly) flucytosine – Ancobon (Valeant) § quinine dihydrochloride § fumagillin – Flisint (Sanofi-Aventis, France) quinine sulfate – Qualaquin (Mutual Pharmaceutical • Fungizone (Apothecon) – amphotericin Co/AR Scientific) § Furamide (Boots, United Kingdom) – diloxanide Riamet (Novartis) – artemether/lumefantrine furoate • RID (Pfizer) – pyrethrins and piperonyl butoxide § – Furozone (Roberts) • Rifadin (Aventis) – rifampin § Furozone (Roberts) – furazolidone rifampin – Rifadin (Aventis), others † Germanin (Bayer, Germany) – sodium § Rochagan (Brazil) – benznidazole § Glucantime (Aventis, France) – meglumine * Rovamycine (Aventis) – antimonate † sodium stibogluconate – Pentostam † Hetrazan – diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) (GlaxoSmithKline, United Kingdom) Humatin (Monarch) – paromomycin * spiramycin – Rovamycine (Aventis) § Impavido (Zentaris, Germany) – miltefosine • Sporanox (Janssen-Ortho) – iodoquinol – Yodoxin (Glenwood), others Stromectol (Merck) – ivermectin itraconazole – Sporanox (Janssen-Ortho), others – (Eon) ivermectin – Stromectol (Merck) † suramin sodium – Germanin (Bayer, Germany) ketoconazole – Nizoral (Janssen), others § Tiberal (Roche, France) – ornidazole † Lampit (Bayer, Germany) – nifurtimox Tindamax (Mission) – tinidazole Lariam (Roche) – mefloquine tinidazole – Tindamax (Mission) § Leshcutan (Teva, Israel) – topical paromomycin TMP/Sulfa – Bactrim (Roche), others levamisole – Ergamisol (Janssen) § triclabendazole – Egaten (Novartis) lumefantrine/artemether – Coartem, Riamet § Vansil (Pfizer) – oxamniquine (Novartis) • Vermox (McNeil) – mebendazole (continued) Page 2 of 2 • Vibramycin (Pfizer) – doxycycline § Yomesan (Bayer, Germany) – niclosamide • Yodoxin (Glenwood) – iodoquinol • Zithromax (Pfizer) – azithromycin

* Available in the US only from the manufacturer. § Not available commercially. It may be obtained through compounding pharmacies such as Panorama Compounding Pharmacy, 6744 Balboa Blvd, Van Nuys, CA 91406 (800-247-9767) or Medical Center Pharmacy, New Haven, CT (203-688-6816). Other com- pounding pharmacies may be found through the National Association of Compounding Pharmacies (800-687-7850) or the Professional Compounding Centers of America (800-331-2498, www.pccarx.com). † Available from the CDC Drug Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333; 404-639-3670 (evenings, weekends, or holidays: 770-488-7100). • Also available generically.

Information provided by The Medical Letter. For a copy of the entire Drugs for Parasitic Infections article, go to: www.medicalletter.org/parasitic_cdc