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CHAPTER 8 Ⅲ CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

Game 1 Match point Match each of the terms on the left with its definition on the right. 1. ______A. Outer layer of the wall of the 2. Fibrous pericardium ______B. Fibroserous sac that surrounds the heart and the roots of the 3. Serous pericardium ______C. Attach the cusps of the AV valves to papillary muscles in the ventricles 4. Pericardial space ______D. Contains striated muscle fibers that cause the heart to contract 5. Epicardium ______E. Tough, white fibrous tissue that fits loosely around the heart, protecting it 6. Myocardium ______F. Space between the fibrous and serous pericardium 7. ______G. Heart’s inner layer 8. ______H. Thin, smooth inner portion of the pericardium 9. ______I. Lubricates the surfaces of the pericardial space and allows the heart to move easily during contraction

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Game 2 Circuit training Trace the circulation of blood on the right side of the heart by linking the appropriate boxes below with red arrows. Trace the circulation of blood on the left side of the heart by linking the appropriate boxes with black arrows.

Superior Pulmonary Lungs vena cava veins

Tricuspid Pulmonic valve valve

Right Left Right Left atrium ventricle

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Game 3 Cross-training Test your knowledge of terminology associated with the cardiovascular system by completing this crossword puzzle.

Across 12 5. Pointed end of the heart 7. Major

9. The inherent ability of the myocardium 34 to contract normally 5 10. Fibroserous sac surrounding the heart and the roots of the great vessels 67 12. Heart’s inner layer 8 13. Upper chambers of the heart 9 14. Valve between the right atria and ventricle Down 1. Heart’s outer layer 10 11 2. Heart’s middle layer 3. Phase of the when the

ventricles relax 12 Cavity between the lungs 4. 13 6. Heart’s two lower chambers 8. Phase of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles contract 14 9. The body’s smallest vessels 11. Valve between the left atria and ventricle

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Game 4 Hit or miss Some of the following statements about the conduction system are true; the others are false. Mark each accordingly. _____ 1. The sinoatrial (SA) node is the normal pacemaker of the heart. _____ 2. The SA node is located deep in the myocardium of the right atrium. _____ 3. The SA node generates an impulse between 60 and 70 times per minute. _____ 4. The firing of the SA node spreads an impulse throughout the right and left atria, resulting in atrial contraction. _____ 5. The AV node is located in the upper third of the left ventricle. _____ 6. The AV node accelerates impulse conduction between the atria and the ventricle. _____ 7. From the AV node, the impulse travels to the . _____ 8. From the Bundle of His, the impulse branches to the right and left bundles. _____ 9. The impulse then travels to the and the ventricles contract. _____ 10. If the SA node fails to fire, the AV node automatically takes over at the same rate. _____ 11. If the AV node fails to fire, the heart fails to beat.

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Game 5 Match point Match each of the terms on the left with its definition on the right. 1. ______A. The amount of blood ejected with each heartbeat 2. ______B. The pressure that the ventricular muscle must generate to eject blood from its 3. Cardiac output ______chamber 4. Stroke volume ______C. Phase of the cardiac cycle when ventricles contract 5. Preload ______D. Stretching of muscle fibers in the ventricles 6. Starling’s law ______E. Pressure ventricle must work against 7. Contractility ______F. Phase of the cardiac cycle when the ventricles relax 8. Afterload ______G. The more the heart muscles stretch during diastole, the more forcefully they contract during systole 9. Resistance ______H. The amount of blood the heart pumps in 1 minute I. The inherent ability of the myocardium to contract normally

AAnatomy_Ancillaries_Chap08.inddnatomy_Ancillaries_Chap08.indd 4444 112/19/20112/19/2011 12:38:3112:38:31 PMPM Chapter 8 Answers Game 4 Hit or miss ■ Game 1 1. True. 2. False. The SA node is located on the endocardial surface of Match point the right atrium, near the . 1. B, 2. E, 3. H, 4. F, 5. A, 6. D, 7. G, 8. C, 9. I 3. False. The SA node generates an impulse between 60 and 100 times per minute. 4. True. ■ 5. False. The AV node is located low in the septal wall of the Game 2 right atrium. 6. False. The AV node slows impulse conduction to allow time Circuit training for the contracting atria to fill the ventricles with blood before the lower chambers contract. Superior Pulmonary 7. True. Lungs Aorta vena cava veins 8. True. 9. True. 10. False. If the SA node fails to fire, the AV node will generate an impulse between 40 and 60 times per minute. 11. False, If the AV node fails to fire, the ventricles can generate Tricuspid Mitral Pulmonic Aortic their own impulse between 20 and 40 times per minute. valve valve valve valve ■ Game 5

Right Right Left Left atrium Match point atrium ventricle ventricle 1. C, 2. F, 3. H, 4. A, 5. D, 6. G, 7. I, 8. B, 9. E

■ Game 3 Cross-training

1 2 E M PY IO 3 4 D MCC 5 I APEX A A 6 7 V AORTA D R R 8 ES I DDS 9 NTCONTRACTILITY T OA S UUS RLP TMMT 10 11 I PER I CARDIUMO CLNIL LLUTE 12 ENDOCARD I UM R 13 SR ATR IA IL E 14 TRI CUSP ID

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