DOCSLIB.ORG

Survival of Red Desert Pronghorn in the Face of Environmental and Anthropogenic Change

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Survival of Red Desert Pronghorn in the Face of Environmental and Anthropogenic Change Steve Perry Survival of Red Desert Pronghorn in the Face of Environmental and Anthropogenic Change Adele K. Reinking1, Jeffrey L. Beck1, Tony W. Mong2, Mary J. Read3, and Kevin L. Monteith4 1Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071 2Wyoming Game and Fish Department, P.O. Box 116, Savery, WY 82332 3Bureau of Land Management, 1300 3rd Street, Rawlins, WY 82301 4Haub School of Environment and Natural Resources, Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071 Wyoming pronghorn audubon.org The Red Desert wyofiles.com The Red Desert Red Desert herd Red Desert CDC Baggs Bitter Creek Baggs herd Bitter herd Creek Baggs The Red Desert National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Climate Divisions for State of Wyoming wyofiles.com wyofiles.com ncdc.noaa.gov The Red Desert 0.18/km2 0.53/km2 0−5.1/km2 0−13.7/km2 0.57/km2 0.15/km2 2 2 0−5.8/km Red 0−8.2/km Desert CDC Baggs Bitter Creek Baggs Mortality risk statistics Basic statistics: • 186 adult female pronghorn collared • 80% of deaths occurred in summer • 124 females included in summer modeling Daily Red Desert Pronghorn Survival • GPS-collared individualsMedian Survival= 0.75 •1 2 hour fix rate • 2 years Modeling events 0.8 140 Survival 130 Lower CI 120 0.6 110 Upper CI 100 31 Died 90 Survival 0.4 80 70 Survived 0.2 60 50 40 93 0 of eventsNumber 30 20 10 1/10/2014 2/10/2014 3/10/2014 4/10/2014 5/10/2014 6/10/2014 7/10/2014 8/10/2014 9/10/2014 1/10/2015 2/10/2015 3/10/2015 4/10/2015 5/10/2015 6/10/2015 7/10/2015 8/10/2015 9/10/2015 1/10/2016 11/10/2013 12/10/2013 0 10/10/2014 11/10/2014 12/10/2014 10/10/2015 11/10/2015 12/10/2015 Date Mortality Risk Hypotheses 1) Habitat quality 2) Anthropogenic conditions 3) Intrinsic factors Hypothesis 1: Habitat quality Robbins & Robbins 1979 roadsendnaturalist.com Hypothesis 1: Habitat quality usgs.gov Northern Focus Photography Hypothesis 1: Habitat quality Mautz 1978 goeddelphotography.com Hypothesis 1: Habitat quality roadsendnaturalist.com Hypothesis 1: Habitat quality county10.com Hypothesis 1: Habitat quality Predicted Explanatory Covariates Climate Sagebrush Distance to water commons.wikimedia.org Fat Temperature Reserves (time lag) audubon.org Proportion locations in Precipitation sagebrush (time lag) (seasonally) Joe Riis Hypothesis 2: Anthropogenic conditions Sawyer et al. (2009) hcn.org Polfus et al. (2011) Beckmann et al. (2012) eurekalert.org Hypothesis 2: Anthropogenic conditions sciencedaily.com earthisland.org Joe Riis Hypothesis 2: Anthropogenic conditions Predicted Explanatory Covariates Roads Wells Fences onthewingphotography.com Joe Riis Fat Reserves Joe Riis Distance Density Hypothesis 3: Intrinsic factors Palpation Sacrum Base of Tail Caudal Vertebrae Lumbar Vertebrae Sacrosciatic Ligament Ultrasonography Fat Reserves Longissimus Dorsi Maximum Rump Fat Bicep Femoris digital-images.net Hypothesis 3: Intrinsic factors deerhuntingpros.com Estimated Age Corrected Age 0.7855*Est. Age + 2.00093 2 1 Modeling approach Modeling results canada-hunts.ca Modeling results Mortality risk increases with: Proportion time spent in sagebrush during previous winter (p-value = 0.013) Total terrain ruggedness for the week (p-value < 0.001) Variation in snow depth during previous winter (p- value = 0.076) ? billingsgazette.com Discussion skyhidailynews.com Proportion time spent in sagebrush during previous winter Joe Riis Future directions Thank you to our funders Many others to thank Dr. Jeff Beck Dr. Kevin Monteith & Tony Mong Teal Joseph Kim Olson Others: Beck lab Jacob Pelham Many other WGFD folks Bryan Lamont Mary Read Melanie LaCava Frank Blomquist Melinda Nelson Many other BLM folks Preston Foote Dr. Shannon Albeke Jack Taylor McCall Calvert Dr. Derek Scasta Gary Sundberg Zachary Robinson Dr. Holly Ernest Cory Reinking Missy Stallard Adele Reinking [email protected] Melanie LaCava The Red Desert Red Desert Herd Population Trend TITLE 20000 Red 18000 16000 Desert CDC 14000 Actual 12000 Objective Baggs 10000 8000 6000 Bitter Size Population 4000 Creek 2000 Baggs 0 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Year Bitter Creek Herd Population Trend Baggs Herd Population Trend 30000 14000 12000 25000 10000 20000 Actual Actual 8000 15000 Objective Objective 6000 10000 4000 Population Size Population Population Size Population 5000 2000 0 0 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Year Year Jansen Gunderson Modeling approach Random Effect Coefficient Model K AICc Delta Model AICc Log Cumulative Name AICc Likelihood Weight Likelihood Weight Study 1 256.68 0.00 1.00 0.40 -127.34 0.40 Area Year + 2 258.50 1.82 0.40 0.16 -127.25 0.55 Study Area Individual 2 258.62 1.94 0.38 0.15 -127.31 0.70 + Study Area Year 1 258.75 2.07 0.36 0.14 -128.37 0.85 Individual 1 259.37 2.69 0.26 0.10 -128.69 0.95 Individual 2 260.75 4.07 0.13 0.05 -128.37 1.00 + Year Modeling approach Non-Collinear Covariates ranking above the null model • Total terrain ruggedness for the week • Total distance to roads for the week • Total fence density at the 5km scale for the week • Total distance to wells for the week • Total distance to water for the week • Variation in snow depth during the previous winter • Sacrosciatic ligament depth • Proportion time spent in sagebrush during the previous winter • Estimated Age Modeling approach Mary Ann Melton pinterest.com spokesman.com Modeling approach canada-hunts.ca Hypothesis Testing Model K AICc Delta Model AICc Log Cumulative AICc Likelihood Weight Likelihood Weight Habitat 4 178.52 0.00 1.00 5.05 -85.26 0.51 Habitat + 5 179.56 1.04 0.60 0.30 -84.77 0.81 Intrinsic Anthro. + 6 181.38 2.86 0.24 0.12 -84.68 0.93 Habitat ALL THREE 7 182.41 3.89 0.14 0.07 -84.19 1.00 Anthro. 3 233.21 54.69 <0.001 <0.001 -113.60 1.00 Anthro + 4 234.24 55.72 <0.001 <0.001 -113.12 1.00 Intrinsic Intrinsic 2 255.05 76.53 <0.001 <0.001 -125.52 1.00 NULL 1 256.68 78.16 <0.001 <0.001 -127.34 1.00 Summary of final model Covariate Coefficient Standard Hazard ratio 95% Lower 95% Upper P- Error [exp Confidence Confidence value (coefficient)] Limit Limit Proportion 10.29 4.13 29,361.60 8.98 96,475,534 0.01 time sage previous winter Variation in 0.18 0.10 1.20 0.98 1.46 0.08 snow depth previous winter Total -0.43 0.06 0.65 0.58 0.73 <0.001 terrain ruggedness for the week Schoenfeld Residuals Hazard Plots Proportion time in sage the previous winter Hazard Plots Variation in snow depth the previous winter Hazard Plots Total terrain ruggedness for the week .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Catch, Treat and Release with Limited Removal
    Utah State University DigitalCommons@USU Environmental Assessments (WY) Wyoming 2011 Catch, Treat and Release with Limited Removal Red Desert Complex Wild Horse Herd Management Areas (Lost Creek, Stewart Creek, Green Mountain, Crooks Mountain, Antelope Hills) United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/wyoming_enviroassess Part of the Environmental Indicators and Impact Assessment Commons Recommended Citation United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Management, "Catch, Treat and Release with Limited Removal Red Desert Complex Wild Horse Herd Management Areas (Lost Creek, Stewart Creek, Green Mountain, Crooks Mountain, Antelope Hills)" (2011). Environmental Assessments (WY). Paper 28. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/wyoming_enviroassess/28 This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Wyoming at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Environmental Assessments (WY) by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. United States Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management Environmental Assessment WY-050-EA11-78 Catch, Treat and Release with limited Removal Red Desert Complex Wild Horse Herd Management Areas (Lost Creek, Stewart Creek, Green Mountain, Crooks Mountain, Antelope Hills) Location: Rawlins & Lander, Wyoming Applicant/Address: Bureau of Land Management 1300 North Third Street, P.O. Box 2407 Rawlins, Wyoming 82301 Bureau of Land Management 1335 Main Street, P. O. Box 589 Lander, Wyoming 82520 U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management Rawlins & Lander Field Offices Rawlins - 307-328-4200 Fax – 307-328-4224 Lander - 307-332-8400 Fax – 307-332-8444 1 Table of Contents 1.0 Purpose and Need ................................………………………………………………………………………………………………5 1.1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Red Desert Complex Gather EA
    Environmental Assessment Red Desert Complex Herd Management Area Gather DOI-BLM-WY-030-EA15-63 September 2017 Prepared by: U.S. Bureau of Land Management U.S. Bureau of Land Management High Desert District Wind River Big Horn Basin District Office Rawlins Field Office Lander Field Office 1300 North Third Street 1335 Main Street Rawlins, Wyoming 82301 Lander, Wyoming 83520 Mission Statement To sustain the health, diversity, and productivity of the public lands for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations. DOI-BLM-WY-030-EA15-63 Table of Contents ......................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Purpose and Need ............................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Decision to be made ............................................................................................................ 3 1.3 Scoping ............................................................................................................................... 4 2.0 ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED .................................................................................... 5 2.1 Actions Common to Alternative 1 and Alternative 2: Proposed Action ............................ 5 2.2 Alternative 1: Remove all wild horses outside of HMA boundaries and utilize
    [Show full text]
  • Israel: Growing Pains at 60
    Viewpoints Special Edition Israel: Growing Pains at 60 The Middle East Institute Washington, DC Middle East Institute The mission of the Middle East Institute is to promote knowledge of the Middle East in Amer- ica and strengthen understanding of the United States by the people and governments of the region. For more than 60 years, MEI has dealt with the momentous events in the Middle East — from the birth of the state of Israel to the invasion of Iraq. Today, MEI is a foremost authority on contemporary Middle East issues. It pro- vides a vital forum for honest and open debate that attracts politicians, scholars, government officials, and policy experts from the US, Asia, Europe, and the Middle East. MEI enjoys wide access to political and business leaders in countries throughout the region. Along with information exchanges, facilities for research, objective analysis, and thoughtful commentary, MEI’s programs and publications help counter simplistic notions about the Middle East and America. We are at the forefront of private sector public diplomacy. Viewpoints are another MEI service to audiences interested in learning more about the complexities of issues affecting the Middle East and US rela- tions with the region. To learn more about the Middle East Institute, visit our website at http://www.mideasti.org The maps on pages 96-103 are copyright The Foundation for Middle East Peace. Our thanks to the Foundation for graciously allowing the inclusion of the maps in this publication. Cover photo in the top row, middle is © Tom Spender/IRIN, as is the photo in the bottom row, extreme left.
    [Show full text]
  • Expedition 25: the Subtropics
    Expedition 25: LEVELED BOOK • R The Subtropics Expedition 25: A Reading A–Z Level R Leveled Book Word Count: 807 The Subtropics Written by Celeste Fraser Visit www.readinga-z.com www.readinga-z.com for thousands of books and materials. Photo Credits: Front cover: © Ocean/Corbis; back cover: © Matthew Weinel/Dreamstime.com; title page, page 2: © Urmas Ääro/123rf; page 3: © Frans Lanting/Terra/Corbis; pages 4, 5 (main): courtesy of Goddard Institute for Space Studies/NASA; page 5 (inset): © Penny Tweedie/Terra/Corbis; page 7: © Dreamstime.com; page 8: © REUTERS/Aladin Abdel Naby; page 9: © B. Anthony Stewart/ National Geographic Stock; page 10: Elgru/Dreamstime.com; page 11: © Kaspars Grinvalds/Dreamstime.com; page 12: © Geddy/Dreamstime.com; Expedition 25: page 13: © iStockphoto.com/Blake Ford; page 14 (top): © Tui de Roy/Minden Pictures/National Geographic Stock; page 14 (bottom): © Jim Brandenburg/ Minden Pictures/National Geographic Stock; page 15: © Annie Griffiths Belt/ The Subtropics National Geographic Stock Teacher’s note: This book is part of the Trip on a Latitude Line series of books on geography and exploration. Expedition 25: The Subtropics Level R Leveled Book © Learning A–Z Correlation Written by Celeste Fraser Written by Celeste Fraser LEVEL R Illustrated by Craig Frederick Fountas & Pinnell N All rights reserved. Reading Recovery 30 www.readinga-z.com www.readinga-z.com DRA 30 Cairo, ASIA EUROPE NORTH Sahara Egypt AMERICA Desert NORTH 25° LATITUDE AFRICA Ayers Rock Equator SOUTH Riyadh, AMERICA Saudi Arabia SOUTH 25° LATITUDE AUSTRALIA Atacama Namib Desert Desert ANTARCTICA Table of Contents Expedition 25 Expedition 25 .....................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Wyoming's Northern Red Desert
    Sinks Canyon’s Disappearing River Disappearing Canyon’s Sinks highway Scott Copeland Farson paved road paved gravel road gravel 191 BUTTES OREGON BUTTES HONEYCOMB HONEYCOMB Red Canyon Scenic Overlook Scenic Canyon Red CREEK Scott Copeland WHITEHORSE 445 28 Oregon Buttes Road (Fremont County Road 445). 445). Road County (Fremont Road Buttes Oregon and drive southwest for 33 miles. Turn left onto onto left Turn miles. 33 for southwest drive and 446 join WY 28 (do not turn left to remain on US 287) 287) US on remain to left turn not (do 28 WY join miles until the junction with WY 28. Stay straight to to straight Stay 28. WY with junction the until miles Rest Area Rest State Historic Site Historic State From Lander: From Drive southeast on US 287 for eight eight for 287 US on southeast Drive South Pass Pass South South Pass City City Pass South South Pass City State Historic Site Historic State City Pass South Jennie Hutchinson 445). Road County (Fremont City miles, then turn right onto Oregon Buttes Road Road Buttes Oregon onto right turn then miles, Atlantic Atlantic From Farson: From Drive northeast on WY 28 for 33 33 for 28 WY on northeast Drive from Highway 28 between Farson and Lander. and Farson between 28 Highway from S Wyoming’s Northern Red Desert is easily accessed accessed easily is Desert Red Northern Wyoming’s N here t et g to hoW I A Overlook T Road Scenic Scenic N Loop Loop is available at windriver.org at available is Red Canyon Canyon Red U More information on these driving tours tours driving these on information More O
    [Show full text]
  • North American Deserts Chihuahuan - Great Basin Desert - Sonoran – Mojave
    North American Deserts Chihuahuan - Great Basin Desert - Sonoran – Mojave http://www.desertusa.com/desert.html In most modern classifications, the deserts of the United States and northern Mexico are grouped into four distinct categories. These distinctions are made on the basis of floristic composition and distribution -- the species of plants growing in a particular desert region. Plant communities, in turn, are determined by the geologic history of a region, the soil and mineral conditions, the elevation and the patterns of precipitation. Three of these deserts -- the Chihuahuan, the Sonoran and the Mojave -- are called "hot deserts," because of their high temperatures during the long summer and because the evolutionary affinities of their plant life are largely with the subtropical plant communities to the south. The Great Basin Desert is called a "cold desert" because it is generally cooler and its dominant plant life is not subtropical in origin. Chihuahuan Desert: A small area of southeastern New Mexico and extreme western Texas, extending south into a vast area of Mexico. Great Basin Desert: The northern three-quarters of Nevada, western and southern Utah, to the southern third of Idaho and the southeastern corner of Oregon. According to some, it also includes small portions of western Colorado and southwestern Wyoming. Bordered on the south by the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts. Mojave Desert: A portion of southern Nevada, extreme southwestern Utah and of eastern California, north of the Sonoran Desert. Sonoran Desert: A relatively small region of extreme south-central California and most of the southern half of Arizona, east to almost the New Mexico line.
    [Show full text]
  • Red-Desert-Driving-Tour-Map
    to the northeast and also marks a crossing of the panorama of desert, buttes, and wild lands. A short South Pass Historical Marker the vistas you see here are remarkably similar to Hikers can remain along the rim or drop down into Honeycomb Buttes historic freight and stage road used to haul supplies walk south reveals the mysterious Pinnacles. The South Pass area of the Red Desert has been a those viewed by thousands of travelers in the past. the basin. Keep an eye out for fossils, raptors, and The Honeycomb Buttes Wilderness Study Area is to South Pass City. See map for recommended hiking human migration pathway for millennia. The crest A side road from the county road will take you to bobcat tracks. one of the most mesmerizing and difficult-to-access access roads for hiking in this wilderness study area. The Jack Morrow Hills several historical markers memorializing South Pass of the Rocky Mountains flattens out onto high-el- landscapes in the Northern Red Desert. These The Great Divide Basin The Jack Morrow Hills, named for a 19th-century evation steppes, allowing easy passage across and the historic trails. Oregon Buttes badlands are made of colorful sedimentary rock crook and homesteader, run north-south between the Continental Divide. Native Americans and their The Oregon Buttes, another wilderness study layers shed from the rising Wind River Mountains As you drive through this central section of the the Oregon Buttes and Steamboat Mountain and ancestors crossed Indian Gap to the south and Whitehorse Creek Overlook area, stand proudly along the Continental Divide, millions of years ago.
    [Show full text]
  • Wild God in the Wilderness: Why Does Yahweh Choose to Appear in the Wilderness in the Book of Exodus?
    WILD GOD IN THE WILDERNESS: WHY DOES YAHWEH CHOOSE TO APPEAR IN THE WILDERNESS IN THE BOOK OF EXODUS? by NARELLE JANE COETZEE A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Philosophy, Theology and Religion College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham June 2016 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT: The wilderness is an unlikely place for Yahweh to appear; yet some of the most profound encounters between Yahweh and ancient Israel occur in this isolated, barren, arid and marginal landscape. Thus, via John A. Beck’s narrative-geography method, which prioritises the role of the geographical setting of the biblical narrative, the question of ‘why does Yahweh choose to appear in the wilderness?’ is examined in reference to four Exodus theophanic passages (Exodus 3:1-4:17, 19:1-20:21, 24:9-18 and 33:18-34). First, a biblical working definition of the wilderness is developed, and the specific geographic elements in each passage discussed. Subsequently, the characterisation of Yahweh’s appearances is investigated, via the signs Yahweh used to appear, the words Yahweh speaks and the human experience of Yahweh in the wilderness space.
    [Show full text]
  • Sequana Medical Kondigt Sterke Topline Resultaten Aan Van RED DESERT Alfapump DSR® Studie En Uitbreiding Van Het DSR® Ontwikkelingsprogramma
    PERSBERICHT GEREGLEMENTEERDE INFORMATIE - VOORWETENSCHAP 11 mei 2021, 07:00 CEST Sequana Medical kondigt sterke topline resultaten aan van RED DESERT alfapump DSR® studie en uitbreiding van het DSR® ontwikkelingsprogramma RED DESERT data van alle patiënten bevestigen: o alfapump DSR is zeer effectief in het beheersen van de vocht- en natriumbalans bij diuretica-resistente patiënten met hartfalen zonder noodzaak van lisdiuretica o herstel van de diuretische respons en verbetering van de cardio-renale functie o verbetering van de diuretische respons behouden tijdens langdurige follow-up SAHARA DESERT studie bij patiënten met hartfalen met resterende congestie zal starten in Q2 2021 Uitbreiding van het DSR ontwikkelingsprogramma met korte termijn DSR-therapie Evaluatie van opportuniteit voor DSR-therapie voor het verwijderen van vocht en natrium bij nieraandoeningen Conference call met live webcast vandaag om 15u00 Belgische tijd Gent, BELGIË – 11 mei 2021 – Sequana Medical NV (Euronext Brussels: SEQUA), een vernieuwer in de behandeling van diuretica-resistente vochtoverbelasting in leveraandoeningen, maligne ascites en hartfalen, kondigt vandaag positieve topline resultaten aan van de RED DESERT studie met herhaalde toediening van alfapump DSR® therapie (Direct Sodium Removal) bij patiënten met diuretica-resistent hartfalen. SAHARA DESERT, de studie van de alfapump DSR bij diuretica-resistente hartfalenpatiënten met resterende congestie is op schema om voor het einde van dit kwartaal van start te gaan, met tussentijdse resultaten verwacht voor het einde van het jaar en top-line resultaten verwacht in H2 2022. Sequana Medical kondigt ook aan dat het zijn DSR-ontwikkelingsprogramma zal uitbreiden met de toevoeging van korte termijn DSR-therapie. Korte termijn DSR zal naar verwachting een snellere adoptie van DSR-therapie door de klinische gemeenschap bereiken, de markttoegang van alfapump DSR ondersteunen, de potentiële marktopportuniteit vergroten en zich richten op eerdere toetreding tot de Amerikaanse markt.
    [Show full text]
  • Habitat Guidelines for Mule Deer: Southwest Deserts Ecoregion. Mule Deer Working Group, Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies
    HABITAT GUIDELINES FOR MULE DEER SOUTHWEST DESERTS ECOREGION A PRODUCT OF THE MULE DEER WORKING GROUP SPONSORED BY THE WESTERN ASSOCIATION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE AGENCIES 2006 THE AUTHORS: JAMES R. HEFFELFINGER ARIZONA GAME AND FISH DEPARTMENT 555 N. GREASEWOOD ROAD TUCSON, AZ 85745, USA CLAY BREWER TEXAS PARKS AND WILDLIFE DEPARTMENT P. O. BOX 2083, FORT DAVIS, TX 79734, USA CARLOS HUGO ALCALÁ-GALVÁN INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE INVESTIGACIONES FORESTALES, AGRICOLAS Y PECUARIAS C. E. CARBÓ, BLVD. DEL BOSQUE #7, COL. VALLE VERDE, HERMOSILLO, SONORA, 83200, MEXICO BARRY HALE NEW MEXICO DEPARTMENT OF GAME AND FISH 1 WILDLIFE WAY SANTA FE, NM 87507, USA DARREL L. WEYBRIGHT NEW MEXICO DEPARTMENT OF GAME AND FISH 1 WILDLIFE WAY SANTA FE, NM 87507, USA BRIAN F. WAKELING ARIZONA GAME AND FISH DEPARTMENT 2221 W. GREENWAY ROAD PHOENIX, AZ 85023, USA LEN H. CARPENTER WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE 4015 CHENEY DRIVE FORT COLLINS, CO 80526, USA NORRIS L. DODD ARIZONA GAME AND FISH DEPARTMENT 2221 W. GREENWAY ROAD PHOENIX, AZ 85023, USA Financial assistance for publication provided by The Mule Deer Foundation (www.muledeer.org). Cover photo by: George Andrejko/ Arizona Game and Fish Department Suggested Citation: Heffelfinger, J. R., C. Brewer, C. H. Alcalá-Galván, B. Hale, D. L. Weybright, B. F. Wakeling, L. H. Carpenter, and N. L. Dodd. 2006. Habitat Guidelines for Mule Deer: Southwest Deserts Ecoregion. Mule Deer Working Group, Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 2 THE SOUTHWEST DESERTS ECOREGION 4 Description
    [Show full text]
  • Abundance of Microflora in S08s of Desert Regions
    NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION Technical Report 32-7378 Abundance of Microflora in S08s of Desert Regions Roy E. Cameron i JET PROP ON LABORATORY CALIFORNIA TUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PASADENA, CALIFORNIA May 15,1969 NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION Technical Report 32-7378 Abundance of Microflora in Soils of Desert Regions Roy E. Cameron JET PROPULSION LABORATORY CALlFORNlA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY PASAD E NA, CA 1 I FO RN IA May 15,1969 TECHNICAL REPORT 32-1378 Copyright 0 1969 Jet Propulsion laboratory California Institute of Technology Prepared Under Contract No. NAS 7-100 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Preface The work described in this report was performed by the Space Sciences Division of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. JPL TECHNlCAL REPORT 32-I378 iii Acknowledgment The author wishes to acknowledge the assistance of the Office of Antarctic Programs, National Science Foundation, for arranging the logistic support for the Antarctic portion of this study and to acknowledge the soil analyses assistance: most of the soil physical and chemical analyses were performed by G. B. Blank, G. Conrey, H. P. Conrow, E. S. Babcock and Sons (Riverside, Calif.), and Elek Microanalytical Labs. (Torrance, Calif.), and most of the soil microbiological analyses were performed by D. R. Gensel with some of the analyses performed by C. N. David, J. King, and F. A. Morelli. Also, the author wishes to thank the photograph contributors: G. B. Blank (Fig. l), J. C. F. Tedrow (Fig. 6), and H. Weetall (Fig. 7). iv JPL TECHNICAL REPORT 32- 1378 Contents 1. Introduction . 1 II. Materials and Methods .
    [Show full text]
  • Red Desert – Jack Morrow Hills Wetlands Complex
    RED DESERT – JACK MORROW HILLS WETLANDS COMPLEX Regional Wetlands Conservation Plan (Photograph by Andrea Orabona) Wyoming Bird Habitat Conservation Partnership Version 1.0 July 25, 2014 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION AND LAND USE ........................................................................................ 4 Ecological Cover Types ................................................................................................................ 5 Hydrology .................................................................................................................................... 8 Wetlands and Other Water Resources ...................................................................................... 9 Wetland-Associated Wildlife ...................................................................................................... 9 THREATS TO WETLANDS ............................................................................................................... 11 Livestock Grazing ...................................................................................................................... 11 Energy and Mineral Exploration and Development ................................................................ 12 Unrestricted Human Access ..................................................................................................... 14 CONSERVATION OBJECTIVES .......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]