Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan

Public Disclosure Authorized

ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN

Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development Rural Electrification Agency

ENERGY FOR RURAL TRANSFORMATION PHASE III

GRID INTENSIFICATION SCHEMES PACKAGED UNDER UMEME BATCH 2 Public Disclosure Authorized

MAY, 2019

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LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS BDL Buikwe District Local Government

CDO Community Development Officer

CFP Chance Finds Procedure

DEO District Environment Officer

EO Environment Officer

ESMP Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan

ESMF Environmental Social Management Framework

ERT III Energy for Rural Transformation (Phase 3)

EHS Environmental Health and Safety

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

ESMMP Environmental and Social Mitigation and Management Plan

GPS Global Positioning System

GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism

MEMD Ministry of Energy and Mineral Development

NEMA National Environment Management Authority

OPD Out Patient Department

OSH Occupational Safety and Health

PCR Physical Cultural Resources

PCU Project Coordination Unit

PPE Personal Protective Equipment

REA Rural Electrification Agency

RoW Right of Way

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TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ...... ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... vi 1 INTRODUCTION ...... 1 Background Information ...... 1 Objectives of developing an ESMP ...... 1 Scope of the ESMP ...... 1 Methodology ...... 2 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...... 3 Materials and methods (Technical consideration) ...... 3 Overhead Power Lines Route ...... 3 Voltage Levels ...... 3 Three-Phase Versus Single-Phase ...... 3 Conductors ...... 4 Poles ...... 4 Insulators ...... 4 Line Construction ...... 4 Transformers ...... 5 3 POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR THIS ESMP ...... 6 National Environmental and social management Policies ...... 6 National Legislation and Regulations ...... 6 World Bank Safeguard Policies ...... 7 4 GENERAL BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROJECT AREAS ...... 8 Topography ...... 8 Relief and Climate ...... 8 Vegetation ...... 9 The Demographic Characteristics ...... 10 HIV/AIDS...... 12 Education sector ...... 12 Health Care Services ...... 13 Housing Types ...... 13 Source of cooking Fuel ...... 13 Cultural Resources ...... 13 LUWERO DISTRICT ...... 13 Topography ...... 13 Climate ...... 14 Economy ...... 14 Major Food and Cash Crops Grown ...... 14 Population ...... 15 Administrative Structure ...... 15 Housing Types ...... 15 Source of Cooking Fuel ...... 15

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Education ...... 15 Health Care Facilities ...... 15 ENTEBBE MUNICIPALITY ...... 16 Climate ...... 16 WAKISO DISTRICT ...... 18 Land tenure system ...... 18 Topography ...... 18 Geology ...... 19 Hydrology ...... 19 Soils ...... 19 Climate ...... 19 Rainfall ...... 19 Vegetation ...... 20 Animal husbandry ...... 21 Major Food and Cash Crops Grown ...... 21 Housing Types ...... 21 Source of Cooking Fuel ...... 22 Wetlands ...... 22 Population Trends, Distribution and Densities ...... 22 Healthcare Facilities ...... 23 Physical Cultural Resources ...... 23 KAYUNGA DISTRICT ...... 25 Location and administrative units ...... 25 Socio-economic environment ...... 25 Land tenure and land use ...... 25 Population ...... 25 Ethnicity ...... 25 Economic activities in the project area ...... 25 Topography ...... 26 Climate ...... 26 Vegetation cover ...... 26 IGANGA DISTRICT ...... 26 Bio-Physical Environment ...... 26 Drainage and Topography ...... 26 Climate ...... 26 Vegetation cover ...... 27 Social Economic Environment...... 27 Population ...... 27 Economic activities in the project area ...... 27 Social services and infrastructure ...... 28 MITYANA DISTRICT ...... 28 Location ...... 28 Climate ...... 28

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Topography ...... 28 Socio˗ economic environment ...... 29 Culture and Religion ...... 29 Infrastructure and social services ...... 29 Water Supply and Sanitation ...... 29 Sources of Livelihood ...... 29 Economic Aspects ...... 30 5 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL MITIGATION AND MONITORING PLAN ...... 31 6. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES FOR IMPLEMENTING THE ESMP ...... 43 REFERENCES ...... 45 ANNEX I: SCOPE OF THE PROJECTS ...... 46 ANNEX I1: Chance Finds Procedures ...... 48 ANNEX 111: EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN AND GRIEVANCE MANAGEMENT ...... 50 ANNEX 1V: GRIEVANCE MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS ...... 50 ANNEX V: CODE OF CONDUCT ...... 52 Annex VI: Stakeholder consultation lists ...... 54

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report presents the Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan for Grid Intensification activities for Umeme Batch 2. All the grid intensification schemes under Batch (2) are in central Uganda scattered in Mukono, Lugazi, Bombo, Entebbe and Nakulabye in the districts of Iganga, Kayunga, Mukono, Wakiso, Luwero, Mityana and Buikwe.

The works to be undertaken under the Grid intensification component include; network design, supply, erection installation, testing and commissioning of the proposed grid intensification works. Preparation of an Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan of the Grid intensification activities. The methodology used during the study included; site visits, stakeholder consultative meetings, and review of relevant legal and legislative requirements, World Bank Safeguards requirements and project documents including ESMF.

The project is expected to present a number of positive environmental and social impacts that include job creation and reduced GHG emissions among others. It is also not expected to have significant negative impacts on the immediate surroundings during its construction and operation phase; given the nature of activities and the locations of the project. In this report, a number of impacts associated with this project, both positive and negative have been highlighted. While positive impacts will be enhanced, mitigation measures to minimize the negative impacts have been identified and recommendations made for their implementation in the detailed implementation plan herein.

The likely potential negative impacts are manageable, localized and of short term in nature. Further, the impacts are known and can be mitigated. This plan has provided adequate mitigation measures for the identified negative impacts and measures to enhance the positive aspects associated with the project. REA and UMEME shall closely monitor the environmental and social aspects of project activities to ensure that the mitigation measures proposed herein are implemented.

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1 INTRODUCTION Background Information This report presents the Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring Plan for proposed Grid Intensification activities for Umeme Batch 2 which has been developed to guide the construction activities and associated connections.

Grid intensification and associated connections is a component under ERT-III phase which involves construction of short extensions to the MV and LV network to reach potential customers who are close to the existing grids. Specifically, the grid intensification project will include short extensions to the medium voltage power lines (not exceeding 5km and installation of transformers) and low voltage (LV) network (six poles) to potential customers who are relatively close to the existing grid. Beneficiaries of the project include households, social institutions and (small) businesses.

The areas where the projects are planned to be implemented are mainly built up areas that are near to the existing lines. All the project areas where the power extensions will be undertaken have no sensitive ecosystems.

This Environmental and Social Management and Monitoring plan has been developed in line with the National Environmental and Social requirements, Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) for ERT-III as well as World Bank guidelines and policies. The National environmental and social requirements are similar to the World Bank guidelines and policies in many aspects that include categorization of the projects into less, medium and high risks; need for enhanced conservation of physical environment and protection of social rights; need for engagements with the project affected parties etc. This project is categorized as low risk both under the World Bank and National safeguards categorization.

Objectives of developing an ESMP The objective of developing this ESMP is to outline the arrangements relating to:  Identification of the anticipated environmental and social impacts from the construction works of the distribution line.  The implementation of the recommended mitigation and enhancement measures,  Monitoring of the mitigation measures implementation process.  Institutional arrangements for implementing the environmental and social aspects of the project;

Scope of the ESMP This ESMP covers intensification projects planned in the following UMEME operational areas: Mukono, Lugazi, Bombo, Entebbe and Nakulabye in the districts of

Iganga, Kayunga, Mukono, Wakiso, Luwero, Mityana and Buikwe. The details of the projects, their scope (size and area) are presented as annexures herein. The ESMP further covers the environmental and social aspects of the project during construction and operational phases.

Methodology The methods used in the development of this ESMP included but were not limited to:

Site inspection and observation Visits were made to the proposed project areas during the course of developing this ESMP. Site visits were conducted with the aim of identifying potential causes of environmental and social risks. This was aimed at ensuring that appropriate enhancement and/or mitigation measures are prescribed to manage any potential risks.

Consultation with stakeholders Consultations were carried out through interviews and discussions with relevant stakeholders including communities to ensure public participation in the ESMP development process.

REA Team Engaging Works Supervisor BDL Community Engagement in Makonge & Kyambogo Village, Document Review The Literature reviewed included; Background data concerning the local communities, including from the UBOS National Census (2014); Demographic and Health Survey (2006), and District Development plans, legal and policy frameworks, ESMF for ERT III and the World Bank safeguard requirements among others.

2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION Grid intensification and associated connections is a component under ERT-III phase. This component involves construction of short extensions to the MV and LV network to reach potential customers who are close to the existing grids. Specifically, the grid intensification project will include short extensions to the medium voltage power lines (not exceeding 5km and installation of transformers) and low voltage (LV) network (six poles) to potential customers who are relatively close to the existing grid. Beneficiaries of the project include households, social institutions and (small) businesses. The areas where the projects are planned to be implemented are mainly built up areas that are near to the existing lines. All the project areas where the power extensions will be undertaken have no sensitive ecosystems.

Materials and methods (Technical consideration) Overhead Power Lines Route The proposed overhead 33kv power Distribution Line will be constructed mainly along the existing road reserves (where feasible) so as to minimize the negative environmental and social impacts. The low voltage lines are allowed to move as close as possible to the buildings to ease connection costs by the end-users. This serves the main objective of the project which is to extend power to the villages and upcoming Rural Growth Centres (RGC) together with other institutions such as schools, Health Centres, resorts and upcoming industries and entertainment centres among others.

Voltage Levels Uganda Electricity Transmission Company Ltd (UETCL) uses voltage levels of 132kV and 66kV at transmission. UMEME the electric power distribution company uses 33kv and 11kV at Sub-transmission/distribution, and 415/240V for low voltage distribution. The proposed Grid Extension project is based on the 33kV for the overhead lines and shall be 3 phase throughout with three line conductors in horizontal flat formation and a continuous earth wiring running along above the three conductors.

Three-Phase Versus Single-Phase Three phase sub-transmission is favoured mainly because of its advantage in terms of conductor size for a given load. This criterion applies when the conductor requirement due to the load is higher than the requirement for the mechanical resistance of the line.

As is expected, at the initial stage for upcoming Rural Electrification Schemes, the loads are initially very light and the above mentioned criterion would not apply. Instead, single phase line have been preferred either as Two Wire Neutral Return (TWNR) or Single-Wire Earth Return (SWER).

Conductors The conductor selected is AAAC100 (100m2 All Aluminium Alloy Conductor) for the main line and AAAC50 for short spurs, transformer T-Offs and all LV distribution networks. The size was selected as the most economical for anticipated loads taking into account line losses. The type AAAC as compared to ACSR (Aluminium Conductor Steel Reinforced), and AAC (All Aluminium Conductor) was selected because it does not find a ready market with the Aluminium Hallow-ware manufacturers who normally buy vandalized ACSR and ACC Conductors.

Poles Creosote treated wooden poles were selected because of their availability, cost as well as the technical skills available to handle such poles. Concrete and Mild steel poles were considered as the second option and mainly because of cost these two poles have not been used in Uganda. Creosote was selected for treatment in preference to Tanalith due to the poor experience in Uganda of Tanalith treated poles. There seems to be a problem with Tanalith treated poles since they seem to start rotting after a short time as short as two years.

Insulators Pin type porcelain insulators will be generally used rigidly mounted on a steel cross- arm on top of the pole. These are passive materials without any effect on the environment. The design takes into account wind gusts of up to 80 knots. The insulators a rigidly mounted but the conductors can swing in the wind. The design has allowed for swings at maximum loads without the conductors touching.

Line Construction The 33kv power lines will be constructed mainly with 12m high creosoted treated wooden poles, with an average spacing of 110m. The holes for the wooden poles will be of diameter 350mm and depth of 2000mm. Steel wire (7/4.00) stay sets will be installed at intermediate angle poles, section poles, T-offs and terminal structures. The stay wires shall be anchored by a stay block buried at depth of 2.0m and about 3m from the base of the pole. The stay block shall consist of 1000mm long creosote treated woodblock or 300mm x300mmx300mm concrete block.

Addition to that, H-type section poles shall be erected every 1.5km and each H-type pole consists of two poles erected 2m apart with one cross-arm together with four stay sets installed along the line corridor. At heavy angles, the stay wire will be installed at 45 degrees angle from the pole.

It is estimated that more than 850, 12m wooden poles will be required for the 33kv line which is 95km long. The minimum clearance required for the 33kv line from the ground or highest water level will be 6.0m and 3m from the nearest point on a building. The clearance from the edge of the road shall be a minimum of 2m.

The LV distribution network will require approximately 1300, 10m wooden poles. The distance between poles for the LV distribution is 50m maximum.

Transformers At each load centre, a sub-station of appropriate capacity say 25KVA, 50KVA and or 100KVA shall be established to distribute power to the local consumers. Each sub- station consists of a transformer which will step down the voltage from 33kv to 415V 3phase or 240 single phase. Most of the consumers will require a single phase supply although some consumers presently running maize grinding mills may require the 3 phase supply.

The transformers shall be mounted on poles depending on the size. 25KVA will be mounted on a single pole while the 50KVA and 100KVA will be mounted on an H- pole. This consists of two poles with the transformer mounted on a steel platform between the two poles.

The transformers are made of a steel tank with copper coils immersed in mineral oil in the tank. Possible impacts are oil leakage, transformer burning due to overloads, possible vandalisation to steal the oil.

3 POLICY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK FOR THIS ESMP Key laws and regulatory frameworks that will guide the implementation of environmental and social aspects of the grid –intensification project include:

National Environmental and social management Policies 1. The National Environment Management Policy, 1994 2. Renewable Energy Policy, 2007 3. The National Cultural Policy, 2006; 4. The National Water Policy, 1999; 5. The National Land Use Policy, 2011; 6. Forestry policy, 2001 7. Energy policy, 2001 8. Public Health Policy 1964 9. The National Gender Policy, 1997; 10. The National HIV/AIDS Policy, 2004; 11. National Child Labour (2006) Policy 12. National Community Development Policy for Uganda, 2015 13. National Development Plan 11 2015/16-2019/20

National Legislation and Regulations 1. The Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995; 2. The National Environment Act, Cap 153; 3. The Electricity Act, 1999 4. The Public Health Act, 1964 5. The Land Act, Cap 227; 6. The Land Acquisition Act, 1965; 7. The Workers Compensation Act, 2000; 8. The Water Act, Cap 152; 9. The Local Governments Act, Cap 243; 10. The Uganda Wildlife Act, Cap 2000; 11. The Occupational Safety and Health Act, 2006; 12. Historical Monument Act, 1967; 13. The National Forestry and Tree Planting Act, 2003; 14. The National Environment (Impact Assessment) Regulations, 1998 15. The National Environment (Waste Management) Regulations, 1999; 16. The National Environment Regulations (Noise Standards and Control), 2003 17. The National Environment (Control of Smoking in Public Places) Regulations, 2004 18. The National Environment (Audit) Regulations, 2006 (12/2006).

World Bank Safeguard Policies The safeguards policies triggered are: 1. OP 4.01 Environmental Assessment 2. OP 4.04 Natural Habitats 3. OP 4.11 Physical Cultural Resources 4. OP 4.12 Involuntary Resettlement 5. OP 4.36 Forests Additionally, the ESMP refers to the World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety guidelines.

4 GENERAL BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROJECT AREAS PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Introduction The description of the environment of the project area is an integral part of an Environment and Social Assessment. The impacts arising from the activities of a project are primarily felt by the immediate surroundings. The pertinent aspects of the surrounding environment are physical, biological and the socio-economic. The physical, biological and socio-economic aspects of the existing environment in the vicinity of the project site are described in this section. It provides the basis upon which impacts from project activities would be assessed. The proposed sites are located on dry land currently under secondary vegetation of trimmed grass. They form part of the areas that have previously been used as gardens.

It is important to note that on the physical environment, the proposed project areas are built up areas and there are no sensitive ecosystems. Therefore there will be minimal clearance of crops and trees as part of the project activities.

BUIKWE DISTRICT Buikwe District lies in the Central region of Uganda, sharing borders with the District of Jinja in the East, Kayunga along river Sezibwa in the North, Mukono in the West, and Buikwe in Lake Victoria. The District Headquarters is in Buikwe Town, situated along Kampala - Jinja road (11kms off Lugazi). Buikwe Town serves as an Administrative and commercial centre. Other urban centres include Lugazi, Njeru and Nkokonjeru Town Councils. Buikwe District has a total area of about 1,209 Square Kilometres. The load centre in the project area is located in a semi –Urban location with rural set up along the community roads with linear settlement.

Topography The northern part of the District is flat but the southern region consists of sloping land with many undulations; 75% of the land is less than 60° in slope. Most of Buikwe District lies on a high plateau (1000-1300m) above sea level with some areas along Sezibwa River below 760m above sea level. Southern Buikwe is a raised plateau (1220-2440m) drained by River Sezibwa and River Musamya

Relief and Climate The mean annual rainfall is 11,000mm distributed over 106 rain days, with peaks in March – May and September – November. Temperatures range between 16°C and 28°c throughout the year. Both relief and climate provide good potentials for investment in production of cash and food crops, horticulture and floriculture on a commercial basis. Existing commercial farms in the District also provide a good

background for experience sharing for those investors who want to venture in such areas.

Soil types Location by sub-county, Buganda catena Najjembe, Kawolo and Lugazi Kyebe catena Ngogwe, Nyenga, Njeru and Buikwe Kifu series Buikwe, Nyenga, Najjembe, Wakisi and Kawolo Sango series Buikwe, Najja, Ssi, Nkokonjeru and Ngogwe

Natwala and Buzama villages are particularly rocky areas thereby affecting crop production and thus low yields

Vegetation Generally, the vegetation cover is of the forest/savannah mosaic characterized by patches of dense forest (Mabira) in the south and scattered trees in shrubs and grassland of the north. Natural forests on private land and government-controlled forests are a characteristic of this region.

The wetland vegetation comprises typha, miscanthus, hyparrhenia species, some cyperaceous and creepers, mostly convolvulaceae. Swamp forest tree species such as pseudospondias microcarpa, mitrogyra species, tarbementana, ficus spp, bridelia micrautha and phoenix reclinata shrub vegetation include some edible plants such as psidium guava and afromonium augustifolium. The several species found in the District are utilised by the local community for food, fuel, building materials, medicines and raw materials especially for crafts.

Most of the land area is used for agriculture and sugarcane is dominant plantation in the area as shown in the picture below. Other agricultural plants in the areas include; avocadoes and mangoes and, private eucalyptus trees, coffee plantations and jackfruit trees.

Part of the Sugar cane Plantation in Katungulu Parish along the Proposed Project Scope

Summary of Socio-Economic characteristics of the project area

The Administrative Structure: Buikwe District has 1 County (i.e. Buikwe) with 8 rural Sub-counties, and 3 Town Councils and one Municipality. The sub-counties are: Buikwe, Kawolo, Najja, Najjembe, Ngogwe, Nyenga, Ssi-Bukunja, and Wakisi; while the Town Councils are: Buikwe, Njeru, and Nkokonjeru and the Municipality is Lugazi. The proposed intensification project will be implemented in Lugazi Municipality.

Details of Distribution of Parishes/wards and Villages by Lower Local Governments in the project area

Number of Parishes/Wards Total Villages / LC Is

5 27

Source: Office of the Chief Administrative Officer / Buikwe District

The Demographic Characteristics Population Size: Buikwe District has a total population of 436,406 people. Of these, 213,443 are males and 222,963 are females. The sex ratio is, therefore, 95.7 males per 100 females. There are 99,401 households with an average household size of 4.2 persons. Growth Rate: The District population growth rate stands at 2.33%, which is 0.7% less than the National average of 3.03%.

Fertility Rate: Fertility indicators measure the frequency of childbirth in a given population. Such measures can tell how fast the population of a given country or region would increase. The national average is 6.2 children per woman.

Total Population and Growth Rates as Compared to the National by Census Year

Population in Year:

Indicator

1991 2002 2014

District Population 231,488 312,818 422,771

District Population Growth rates 2.6 2.36 2.1

National Population Growth Rates 2.6 3.20 3.03

Source: UBOS Population and Housing Census – 2014

Population Distribution: The distribution of population by age and sex is among the basic types of information needed for planning. The table below summarizes the distribution of population in the District

Total Population by sex and Sex Ratio in Lugazi Municipality (Project area)

Division Male Female Total Sex Ratio*

Central Division 19,437 20,796 40,233 93.5

Kawolo Division 20,507 20,463 40,970 100.2

Najjembe 16,748 16,573 33,321 101.1 Division

* Number of Males per 100 Females: Source: UBOS Population and Housing Census - 2014

Industrialization: The proposed project area is quite industrialized compared to other areas of the district. The project area has the following key industries; Sugar Corporation of Uganda (SCOUL), Cable Corporation, and UGMA producing fabricated spare parts for industries, Tembo Steel Manufacturing industry and Hoopoe trading company (tannery). These industries have contributed significantly to the socio-economic infrastructural development by bringing closer supporting sectors like banks, telecom and transport service providers. These have translated into employment for skilled and unskilled workers in all these sectors.

Production Sector: Over 80% of the project area is agricultural based characterized by Commercial and Subsistence farmers. Commercial farming exists with SCOUL and Tea Estates and these provide labor to quite a number of people. More farmers are now engaged in coffee and food production. Subsistence farming is characterized by low acreage and productivity due to over cultivation and weak extension services.

Gender aspect of the project area: Since there was no data available for the Municipality, the district statistics. Gender has been at the heart of all programme and project implementation in Buikwe with greater emphasis on Women Involvement at all stages of the programme/project cycle (DDP II, 2015/20). As per UBOS Census 2014, of the 422,771 population of Buikwe, Women constitute 49.7% (209,944) while Men take 50.3% (212,827). This implies almost a 50:50 composition meaning Women cannot be excluded in the mainstream development Agenda of Buikwe District. In regard to school enrolment Education Statistics (EMIS 2015) revealed that a total of 58,838 pupils were enrolled of which 29,635(50.3%) were males and 29,225(49.7%) females. In secondary, of the 16,351 students enrolled in 2015, 8,101(49.5%) were males while 8,250(50.5%) were females. In PLE Performance of 2015, 55% of boys passed in Division 1 while only 11% of girls made it. This shows a rather widening gap in regard to performance of the girl child over the years meaning several pertinent factors affect their schooling days.

HIV/AIDS Buikwe District (in which the project area is located) is situated in central region where the HIV prevalence among adults aged 15-49 years is 9.0% (UAIS, 2011). The estimated HIV prevalence for the district according to available data FY 2013/14 is 9.4% (41,022/436,406). In regard to funding HIV/AIDS response in the last 5 years, this has largely been led by development partners (CSOs, CBOs, FBOs, PLHIV and the Private Sector). The District has managed to put in place the HIV coordination structures up to Sub-county level but are not that functional due to limited funding mechanisms. In regard to HIV/AIDS testing, in 2015 a total of 20,460 mothers were tested for HIV and 627 (3.06%) tested HIV+. Cases of Gender Based Violence have been reported in the District Probation Office and these have mainly taken the form of physical, sexual, economic control, and psychological assault to women aged 15-49 years, this increases their vulnerability to HIV/AIDS.

Education sector The Education sector continues to poster good performance especially primary and secondary. Private sector involvement in the education sector has greatly improved enrolment and retention of children in schools, provided employment and market for crop produce to feed the children and other consumables. The backward and forward linkages of these sectors have led to economic growth and development of Buikwe District and Lugazi Municipality in particular. There is also high enrollment of children

in primary schools as a result of the Universal Primary Education programme and this was evidenced by few children found in homes during the transect walks.

Health Care Services Buikwe District has a total of 53 health facilities including 5 hospitals, 13 HC III, and 35 HC II. The project area - Lugazi Municipality houses the biggest – Kawolo Hospital and Lugazi SCOUL Hospital (Metha group). The illnesses of concern in the project area include; Malaria, Cough and Diarrhoea. HIV/AIDS prevalence in the area was also considered high due to cultural practises such as widow inheritance coupled with stigma.

Housing Types Most of the housing in the area especially in trading centres comprise permanent structures constructed using bricks, cement and sand while the roofing is of iron sheets. The villages are mostly comprised of semi-permanent structures constructed of mud and wattle but with iron sheet roofs.

Source of cooking Fuel Majority of households rely on biomass especially firewood and charcoal for energy for cooking while Solar energy is mainly used for lighting especially among those who are considered middle income by the rural folks as evidenced by solar panels on roof tops

Cultural Resources During the transect walk, no physical cultural resources were encountered along the proposed line route.

LUWERO DISTRICT The district lies north of Kampala, between latitude 20 North of the Equator and East between 320 to 330. The total area of Luwero district is approximately 2,577.5 sq km. The district headquarters are in Luwero Town Council a road distance of about 64 km from Kampala and is located along the Kampala – Gulu Highway. The district is bordered by Mukono and Wakiso districts in the south, Nakaseke in the west, Nakasongola in the North and in the East is Kayunga district.

Topography The present topography is as a result of a number of ancient denudation processes of the rock systems leaving a series of old erosion level throughout the district. In terms of altitude, most of the district ranges between 1,219 and 1,524 meters. The landscape is generally made up of elevated and dissected plateau consisting of a series of flat topped hills and intervening valleys.

Climate Rainfall is well distributed throughout the year, with an annual average of 1,300mm. The mean annual maximum temperature falls between 27.5oC and 30o C, whereas the mean annual minimum temperature is between 15o C and 17.5o C

Vegetation Most of the district is covered with savannah that is three quarters of it. The soils are generally red sandy loam, whereas the southern part is relatively fertile and can support all kinds of crops. In the northern areas, some parts developed from sandy loam soils and fertility is low. In drier areas, cattle farming are the dominant occupation. A wide range of food crops is grown in the district as well as cash crops.

Economy The proposed project area is predominantly rural, where subsistence farming is found to be the main occupation especially among women. The project area is also inhabited by semi-nomadic pastoralists. However, there is little industrial investment especially in the processing of agricultural produce (coffee processing).

Major Food and Cash Crops Grown Major crops grown in the area include; mainly cassava, sweet potatoes, maize and bananas as well as some horticulture crops like tomatoes, pineapples, cabbages and greens, upland rice as food crop. Other crops in the proposed project areas include; Coffee, vanilla and fruits such as water melons, passion fruits, tomatoes, cabbages and vegetables.

Agricultural activities along the scope in Busiika Parish, Luwero District

Population The 2014 population census estimated the population of Luwero District at 456,958 people with a sex ratio of 98.5 males per 100 females. The area has 105,209 households

Administrative Structure Luwero District comprises of three counties of Bamunanika, Katikamu North and Katikamu South. Much of the proposed project scope is within Katikamu South. Bombo which is one of the proposed project areas has an army barracks and was the headquarters of the Ugandan Ministry of Defense until December 2007, when they moved to Mbuya in Nakawa Division in south-eastern Kampala. Bombo, however, remains the headquarters of the Uganda Land Forces

Housing Types Most of the housing in the area especially in trading centres comprise of permanent structures constructed using bricks, cement and sand while the roofing is of iron sheets. The villages are mostly comprised semi-permanent structures constructed with mud and wattle but with iron sheet roofs. Many of the households in the area also resided in semidetached dwellings

Source of Cooking Fuel Majority of households rely on biomass especially firewood and charcoal for energy for cooking while solar energy is mainly used for lighting especially among those who are considered middle income by the rural folks as evidenced by solar panels on roof tops.

Education Majority of boys and girls of school going age were attending school however, there is a general decline in the performance of children coupled with high dropout rates. This is further worsened by the fact that few girls complete school as opposed to boys as a result of boys being favoured. Secondary school performance is better as a result of private sector involvement

Health Care Facilities Luwero District has 40 health care facilities that include; 21 Health Centre 2’s, 16 Health Centre 3’s and 3 Health Centre-3’s. The illnesses of concern in the project area include; Malaria, Cough and Diarrhoea. HIV/AIDS prevalence in the area was also considered high due to cultural practises such as widow inheritance coupled with stigma.

ENTEBBE MUNICIPALITY Introduction Entebbe municipality derives its name from the Luganda word ‘e ntebe’ (meaning ‘seat’ or ‘chair’) referring to the rocky seats on the shores of Lake Victoria which were th carved by Mugula, a Muganda traditional Chief in the early 18 Century. Being a close confidant of the Kabaka (king of Buganda), Mugula wielded substantial administrative and judicial powers. Legend has it that this Chief carved out for himself seats in the rock from where he used to administer justice. Sentences meted out by Mugula ranged from simple fines to banishment to Ssese islands or even death by drowning in Lake Victoria. People visiting this place used to say that they were going to “Entebbe za Mugula’ or “Mugula’s seats”. Later it became fashionable to refer to the place simply as “Entebbe”. Although it had that traditional linkage to administration of justice Entebbe only became the capital city of Uganda in 1894 following a decision in 1893 by the then colonial Governor Sir Gerald Portal to relocate from Kampala. This decision was later rescinded by the independence Government and the capital reverted to Kampala leaving Entebbe with the State House, the International Airport and a few Ministry Headquarters and government departments. The most crucial “aspect of Entebbe’s location in Uganda is that it is the only international airport in Uganda and as such it is a critical post of entry into Uganda internationally both for trade and other aspects of international relations. It is imperative however to note that the proposed project area is built up. In the description of baseline information, district level information was relied on since Entebbe Municipality is found in Wakiso District

Climate Entebbe municipality experiences a bi-modal climate with two rainy seasons between May-June and September to December while the dry season starts from January to March/April. The municipality receives an average rainfall of 18,200mm and mean o o temperatures of 25.20 C to 26.30 C. This type of climate has endowed the municipality with several natural resources and unique man-made features namely the botanical gardens, a zoo and a diversity of flora and fora. There are a number of tourist facilities like animal and bird (sanctuaries) is at the zoo (Uganda Wild Life Education Centre), historical sites, leisure parks, hotels and sand beaches, and sports facilities such as playgrounds and a golf course. Those unique features make the town an ideal town-destination. None of the above facilities is located within the project area since they are already connected on to the grid

Administration: The municipality is organized administratively in a manner prescribed by the Constitution of Uganda 1995, and the Local Government Act 1997. Thus the

municipality is divided into a number of administrative units namely; the Municipal level, administered under the Municipal Council, two Municipal Divisions (Division A and Division B) under the Municipal Division councils, each Municipal Division has two wards (parishes), Kigungu ward, Kiwafu ward, Central ward and Katabi ward and there are a total of 24 sub-wards in the Municipality.

Tourism Entebbe Municipality has got a wide tourism product mix which is nature based and centered on District geographical areas. The nature of the attractions include; - Eco- Tourism, Cultural Heritage, Faith-based tourism, and Community Development Tourism. The tourism/ historical sites in Entebbe include Muzinga park, Abagowa (first Goans settlement), Mutti gwe Ddembe, Equator point, Mapeera site, BOMA (first Governor’s residence), Ntebbe Za Mugula , St. John’s Protestant Church, First National Achievements (data bank at NAARO Offices), Amasiro Kabaka Buganda, Nakiwogo Ferry, Bugonga Cathoric Church, Fishing community at Nakiwogo- Nsamizzi Hill, and the Oldest tree in Entebbe. There was a tree associated to culture of the Baganda that was encountered along the proposed line route however, it will not be cut down but rather the line will pass on the opposite side.

Major Social and Economic Activities Entebbe Municipality is home to a number of social and economic activities that include; Trading, Fishing, Urban Agriculture, Civil Servants, Transporters, Contractors, Carpenters, Brick marking and Sand mining. The proposed project area’s population was found to be an amalgamation of people from various districts with a constant wave of immigrants from all over the country who engage in numerous economic activities and in the process constantly struggling to climb the socio-economic ladder.

Healthcare Entebbe Municipality has one general hospital and 4 health centers all of which are owned by the Uganda government. All people in Entebbe live at within 5km of a healthcare unit but apart from Entebbe General Hospital which offers specialized services like x-ray, other health units offer general curative services only. Existing records show a steady increase in number of people utilizing OPD services at Entebbe Hospital. Notably, the number of patients utilizing OPD services exceeded total population of Entebbe Municipal Council, which indicates that a considerable number of patients come from outside the Municipality. By far the commonest illness is malaria which had many cases diagnosed, probably due to abundant water and many lakeshore swamps. Entebbe area is generally built up with permanent dwellings mainly built of bricks, sand and either iron sheet roof or clay tiles. Minimal or no vegetation of significance will be destroyed since the area is already built up. Most of the socio economic infrastructure is developed except for a few. Health care services are relatively

developed as compared to other areas. The major source of energy is mainly gas, charcoal while solar and kerosene is used for lighting.

WAKISO DISTRICT Wakiso District lies in the Central region bordering with Mpigi, Luwero, Nakaseke and Kiboga districts in the North; Mukono in the East, and Kalangala district to the South. Wakiso covers a total area of 2,807.7 square kilometres

Land tenure system In Wakiso, land holdings currently fall under 4 categories: Mailo, introduced in Buganda in 1900 agreement. Subsequently in 1967 constitution transformed some land into public land i.e. freehold tenures held by religious bodies for example in Gayaza. Leasehold system of land ownership is one, which grants the lease exclusive usage and possession of the land for a specified period of time. Lastly, customary tenure the oldest system in the district mostly occupied by majority of the people. Mailo land tenure system is the most predominant system in the proposed project areas followed by tenancy. All the consulted people in the areas are optimistic and very excited about the project hence no right of way disagreements are expected. They residents were however reminded that there would be no coercion to consent, and they still had the right to refuse entry into their land.

Topography The landscape belongs to Buganda surface classification. It lies at an approximate range of about 900 to 1340 meters above sea level. The district is characterized by isolated flat-topped hills with steep slopes, often merging abruptly into long and gentle pediments, which are usually dissected by relatively broad valleys. Wakiso district is divided into two main topographic zones, the Lake Victoria zone and the high land zone (central and northern hills. Most of the proposed project areas’ terrain is relatively flat save for a section of Mende Sub County which is composed of an undulating hill as depicted in the photograph below.

Geology Wakiso district is underlain by both old and recent rock systems, which include Precambrian, Cainozoic and Laterites. All the three major divisions of rocks i.e. sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic are represented. The Cainozoic rocks extend southwards to the Lake Victoria shores and river valleys of the district. They include mainly swamps deposits, alluvium and lacustrine deposits. The laterite rocks are widespread on Wakiso summits in the central and northern parts of Wakiso district. It is well developed below the summit levels where it forms protective pavements on many slopes

Hydrology Wakiso District is generally endowed with adequate surface and sub-surface water reserves with numerous streams, rivers and wetlands both permanent and seasonal. Minor valleys have distinct seasonal swamps and rivers, which contain water especially during the wet season. The water table along these swamps is quite high. They are suitable for sinking shallow wells. Sub surface water reserves occur in fissures and aquifers of the rocks. This is indicated by the number of boreholes, spring wells, tube wells and shallow wells, which have been drilled to harvest water for domestic supply.

Soils The soils are generally of high productivity and are mainly sandy clay soils. The dominant soils types are red gravely loams with occasional murram reddish brown sandy loam on red clay loam and yellowish sands with quartz grave. The soils in the wetlands include grey sands whose parent material is alluvium and hill wash, grey coarse sand from lake deposits, black and grey clays from river alluvium and peat sands and clay formed from papyrus residue and river alluvium. Wakiso soils are generally of high productivity as coupled by the high yields of crops grown especially bananas, beans and sweet potatoes

Climate Climate in Wakiso is warm and wet with relatively high humidity. These conditions favour rapid plant growth and also encourage disease out breaks. Proximity to Lake Victoria has a bearing on production activities

Rainfall The rainfall in Wakiso is bi-modal. There are two wet seasons running from April to May and October to November. The dry months are January to February and July to August. The annual rainfall mean is 1320 mm though in many areas of the lake zone is between 1750 and 2000mm. Lake Victoria, a mass of warm water of approximately 63,000 square km at an attitude of 1134 metre above sea level is a major orographic

factor of rainfall. It causes a major distortion on the general pressure pattern, leading to the so-called Lake Victoria trough.

Vegetation The vegetation cover of Wakiso district is very varied. It ranges from medium altitude evergreen forest, through medium altitude moist semi-deciduous forests, savannas, and swamps. Wakiso has over nineteen (19) government forest reserves with a total area of 6,773 ha. All the reserve forests have experienced illegal forest activities such as charcoal burning, encroachment, pit swaying and firewood cutting. The pressure on the forest reserves is due to high population density around the forest, abject poverty and the place being very near to the main market outlet (Kampala). The forest mosaic is found in medium altitude. The most important and abundant element of this mosaic is a savannah like community, which consists of a mixture of forest remnant and incoming savannah trees with a grass layer dominated by Pennisetum pupureum (elephant grass). It occupies the largest area found in Kyadondo and Busiro. In addition, (90%) of vegetation of Wakiso district is savannah woodland.

Photographic representation of part of the vegetation covers along the proposed project scope in Mende Parish, Wakiso District

The main land cover in the project scope is mainly agricultural plantations i.e. coffee, bananas, fruit trees such as mangoes and avocado and jackfruits among others as seen in the photographs below:

Animal husbandry In addition to crop husbandry, residents of the affected villages mainly engage in cattle keeping, chicken rearing, piggery, goat rearing and fishing. In Kisi village residents expressed the desire to start fish processing as soon as their village received electricity. The youth interviewed explained that most of them were engaged in fishing and animal husbandry as opposed to crop farming.

Major Food and Cash Crops Grown Major crops grown in the area include; mainly matooke (Green bananas), maize, cassava, yams and sweet potatoes.

Housing Types Most of the housing in the area (illustrated in the photographs below) especially in trading centres comprise of permanent structures constructed using bricks, cement and sand while the roofing is of iron sheets. The villages are mostly comprised of semi- permanent structures constructed with mud bricks and wattle but with iron sheet roofs.

Types of housing in the project area

Source of Cooking Fuel Majority of households rely on firewood for cooking. Solar energy is mainly used for lighting especially among those who are considered middle income by the rural folks as evidenced by solar panels on roof tops.

Wetlands The wetlands in the area are shallow seasonally or permanently water logged or flooded which normally supports hydrophilic vegetation. Most of the permanent wetlands are found in Entebbe municipality and Busiro County along the shores of Lake Victoria. The plant community in most of the permanent wetlands is Papyrus and Miscanthus. Wetlands have been reclaimed and put under intensive cultivation, excavation and construction which all pose environmental concerns. Various stakeholders have been involved in the preparation of Community Wetland Management Plans (Zziba, Mende, and Lutembe), however, funds for implementation need to be mobilized however there was no wetland or water logged ecosystem in the project scope area.

Population Trends, Distribution and Densities Wakiso is the most populous district in Uganda; housing 5.8% of Uganda‘s population (NHPC 2014) .The district‘s population has been increasing drastically, with a total population of 1,997,418 people (table 3.4) and a population density of 1,060 people per square kilometer. Comparatively, in 2002, the district had a total population of 907,988 people, population density of 560 people per square kilometer and a growth rate of 4.1 %( NHPC 2014). The difference in population

between 2002 and 2014 transcended into a population growth rate of 6.6 % (NHPC 2014). This means that in a period of about ten years the densities doubled.

Total Population by sex and Sex Ratio in Wakiso District (Project area) Sex Population Percentage Population Percentage Population 1991 2002 2014 Male 279866 49.7 440,534 48.5 949,035 48.0 Female 283021 50.3 467,454 51.5 1048383 52.0 Total 562887 100.0 907,988 100.0 1997418 100.0 Sex 98.8 90.2 90.5 Ratio Source: Wakiso DDP 2015/16-2019/20 The district‘s population structure was similar to the national structure where 50.7% of the population was female, and still similar to most (82.8%) of the urban centres in the central region of the country where the female population was higher than the male. Wakiso‘s population was 1,997,418 people in 2014 and is projected to reach 2,419,583 in 2017, 2,930,975 by 2020 and 10,523,404 in 2040 if it were to grow at the annual population growth rate established by the NPHC 2014 of 6.6% and if in- migration persists at the current pace.

Healthcare Facilities Wakiso District has a total of 104 health facilities both government and privately owned. Wakiso has one government hospital, 5 Health Centre IV and 14 Health Centre III in the entire district with 1.9 million people.

Physical Cultural Resources A grave yard as seen in the picture belonging to one prominent family was encountered in Mende Sub County but will not be affected by the proposed project activities as the line will be constructed along the opposite direction.

Cultural royal tombs (below) for the Buganda Kingdom in Mende Sub County were also encountered however; they will not be affected since they are away from the road reserve area.

A cultural shrine was located in Bwerenga village in Entebbe Municipality surrounded by trees and banana plantations. Trees and plantations within the shrine’s land will not be affected since the proposed powerline will pass along the boundaries of the land.

Based on the field assessment and findings, the team found small private eucalyptus estates, sugar cane, small scale agricultural plantations (Bananas, coffee, sweet potatoes, fruits and some natural tree species mainly mvule trees scattered all over the project scope but there were no fragile ecosystems found within the project scope therefore the agricultural estates which would be affected by the project in the right of way have been addressed in the mitigation and enhancement plan attached.

KAYUNGA DISTRICT

Location and administrative units The District is 74kms East of Kampala City. Kayunga is found in the central part of Uganda, bordering Mukono in the South, Jinja in the East, Kamuli in the North-East, Apac in the North, Luwero in the West and Nakasongola in the North-West. It is comprised of 2 counties (Ntenjeru and Bbaale) and 8 sub counties, 1 town council, 61 parishes and 375 villages.

Socio-economic environment

Land tenure and land use Some inhabitants are settled on freehold land that belongs to the Kabaka of Buganda. Land use in Kayunga is divided into commercial area, residential areas and recreational facilities.

Population The 2014 Population Census put Kayunga’s total Population at 370,210 people comprising of 180,541 males and 189,669 females. Ntenjeru Sub County which hosts Nazigo where the Seka fuel filling station exists has a total population of 44,473 people comprising of 21,584 males and 22,889 females.

Ethnicity The District is endowed with a rich cultural heritage and diversity in ethnicity. The following tribes are prevalent: Baganda (32%), Basoga (16.3%), Bagisu (7.6%), Baruli (4.4%), Iteso (4%), Japadhola (3.9%), Kuku (3.4%), Bugwere (2.8%), Banyole (2.8%), Banyala (2.7%) tribes and other ethnic groups (14.6%). For example Kayunga over the past 8 years has had rampant child sacrifices. This has social implications in growth and development of children especially with diversify cultural background.

Economic activities in the project area The area is home to various small businesses however; the principle economic activity carried out in the project area is agriculture. Subsistence agriculture like in most rural parts of the country employs almost 96% of the population. Coffee is the main cash crop but due to the coffee wilt, its production has decreased. The main food crops include bananas, sweet potatoes, cassava, maize, beans and groundnuts. In addition, fruits (pineapples, watermelon, mangoes and passion) are grown for commercial purposes. The sub counties mainly engaged in crop farming are; Kangulumira, Kitimbwa, Kayonza, Nazigo Kayunga and Busaana. The rest are mainly involved in livestock farming. Fishing is done in the Northern part of the District along L. Kyoga and River Nile. Other parts of the District engaged in fish farming include; Kangulumira, Nazigo and Kayunga. The major fish catches are; Tilapia and Nile perch.

Livestock farming is carried out in Ntenjeru and Bbaale counties: animals mainly reared in these areas include; cattle, goats and pigs. A livestock market was established in Bbaale to provide better marketing of the animals. The common processing plants in the District include; maize mills and coffee hurlers. A milk refrigerating plant was established in Bbaale by a private farmer’s groups. There is a big potential for agro- based industries like meat processing, fruit processing which the private sector can take advantage of.

Topography Kayunga is generally flat with no remarkable hills and part of it is a wetland (Ssezibwa), towards Lake Kyoga in the Northern part. The areas where the projects will be implemented are flat with no remarkable sensitive ecosystems.

Climate Kayunga District has a varied climate. The southern part is characterized by tropical climate where the rainfall pattern is bi-modal. The District gets its first rains in March- May and its second season in September–December. These rainy seasons are characterized with heavy down pours. The Northern part of the District is characterized with savannah type of climate (this is part of the cattle corridor) where one season of heavy rains is experienced but not evenly distributed.

Vegetation cover Kayunga’s vegetation cover is predominately savannah with short grasses and thorny bushes. There are two forest reserves in the District namely Nazigo and Bbaale. Swampy vegetation is also traced along river Ssezibwa.

IGANGA DISTRICT

Bio-Physical Environment

Drainage and Topography Iganga District land surface is relatively flat with gentle undulating hills and a few isolated higher residual features with almost flat valleys. A narrow and generally higher accentuated relief to the South forms a watershed between Lake Victoria drainage and the Northern drainage. Most of the land is dry land, the rest being wetlands/swamps and no open water body in the district. The project areas are generally flat.

Climate Iganga District has a tropical climate with comparatively small seasonal variations of temperatures, humidity and wind throughout the year. The district receives a mean annual rainfall of 1200 mm in the wetter south and 900 mm in the drier northwest. Generally, there are two peak rain fall seasons, from April to June and August to

November. The two are punctuated by a dry season from December to March. The pattern is sometimes complicated by unpredictable rainfall failures in the peak months and heavy rains with hailstones in the dry months. Therefore, although the amount of rains are adequate for the growth of a variety of crops, the weather is far from being predictable since rainfall is the major climatic factor for production in the district. Mean annual temperature ranges from 250C to 350C.

Vegetation cover The vegetation of Iganga District, like the rest of Uganda has suffered from pressure created by the rapid growth in population and demand for fuel, timber, farmland, and space for settlement. It is predominantly forest/savannah mosaics, which is a mixture of isolated forest remnants and colonizing savannah trees integrated with grasses and shrubs. The vegetation in the district has minor variation between the wetter south and drier North.

Area Geology and soils The soils in the District may be described as predominantly ferralitic with reddish brown sandy loams. Much of the southern part has reddish brown sandy loams mixed with clay loams. These soils are associated with the Buganda surface and Kabira Catena, and their parent rocks are the gneisses and granites with low to medium productivity. The eastern and northern parts are characteristically quartzite and laterites whose parent rock is the Buganda catena quartzite with very low fertility. The underlying rock is a mixture of the karoo system consisting ecca series and shales belonging to the Palaeozoic rocks (especially most of the south) and undifferentiated gneisses. Other underlying rocks are the Nyanzian system which consists of metavolcanoes, banded iron stones, quartzite and the granitoid Precambrian rocks. The western parts are underlain by small patches of granite gneisses.

Social Economic Environment

Population The 2014 Population and Housing Census preliminary results put Iganga district at a total of 506,388 people of which 242,023 were male and 264,365 females. The bigger portion of the population resides in rural areas and comprise of 498,087 while the rest, 68,301 are found in urban centers.

Economic activities in the project area Iganga District population being predominantly rural (95.4%), 74% of all households depend on subsistence farming as a source of livelihood by using hand tools and human labour. The district economy heavily relies on subsistence agriculture and fishing. The two sectors provide both food and income for households as well as revenue for government.

Land tenure system and use In Iganga district, the common land tenure systems are the customary and freehold although leasehold and mailo land exist to a very limited extent. The customary tenure is the most common system and is gradually giving rise to land fragmentation through land inheritance. The project site just like the bigger part of the municipality falls under the leasehold tenure system.

Social services and infrastructure It is only Iganga and Busembatia Town Councils with piped water supply. There are 895 Boreholes / Hand pumps, 82 protected springs, 377 Shallow wells and 37 rainwater harvesting (RWH) tanks for schools, distributed over the district. These water sources have varying capacities during the dry seasons. Some areas have hanging boreholes, which close down during dry seasons.

The district has a fairly good access to transportation and communication networks. The site has direct access from the Jinja - Iganga highway which is situated in its immediate northern neighborhood. The project site just like any other part of Iganga district is well served by all major telecommunication providers for both voice and data services.

MITYANA DISTRICT

Location Mityana District is in the Central region. It borders Mubende district in the East, Kiboga and Kyankwanzi in the North.

Climate Mityana district has a tropical climate with moderate rainfall and temperature. The rainfall pattern is bi -modal with two seasons and the annual rainfall varying between 560 mm to 1,272 mm. The months of March to May and September to November receive very heavy and well-distributed rains of up to 1,200 mm. There are two dry seasons from June to July and December to February. This therefore, provides for two crop growing seasons. The high altitude ensures favorable climate with medium annual temperatures ranging from 17.2 degrees to 29 degrees centigrade.

Topography The relief of the district ranges from 106-154m above sea level with a varied landscape; i. Remnants of lowland surface cover the great proportion of the District. ii. Remnants of Upland surface are evident to the Northern border East of the District. iii. Tars and Inselbergs lie on the Western part of the district. iv. Generally, Mityana district is a plateau with some hilly ridges.

Socio˗ economic environment

Culture and Religion The community of Mityana is composed of people of different social and ethnic origins with majority being Baganda; 36.1% followed by Banyoro 14%, Banyankole 11.4%, Bakiga 10.7%, Bafumbira 9.9%, Banyarwanda 6.8%, Bakhonzo 3.1%, Batoro 2.5%, Basoga 0.7% and others 4.6%. The District is in Buganda Kingdom with the main custodian of the Cultural heritage being the Buganda Kingdom headed by his majesty the Kabaka of Buganda. The different ethnic groups enjoy a wealth of cultural values and traditions in forms of Clan systems, Language, dressing, folklore, foods, music, dance, drama and crafts. There has been changing cultural values due to the influence of western cultures and education. The Youth and the elite are instrumental in this change through adopting foreign dances; dressings and language. There are common traditional practices among different peoples which have been more enhanced by intermarriages among various groups. Bride wealth, use of traditional Medicine, Craft-work, dances and adoption of Kiganda names and language has been diffused among other tribes. Mityana is not exclusive on the influence of various religion denominations, thus there exists followers of Christianity, Islam and some have jealously preserved their African traditional religion. The majority are Christians 87.1% (Catholics 45.5%, COU 31%, and other Christians 9.8%) followed by Islam 9.6% and others 3.4%. Some people from within and without Mityana pay homage to the Nakayima Tree.

Infrastructure and social services Water Supply and Sanitation The traditional water supply schemes found in the district are streams and ponds.

Sources of Livelihood There are a number of employment opportunities that exist in Mityana and these include commercial farming, industrialization and forestry among others. These opportunities have been favored by the following factors: a) Commercial farming:

Presence of good fertile soils in the area and Vast virgin land Good and favorable climate, A relatively flat landscape which favors mechanization b) Industrialization:

Availability of fruits (mangoes, oranges, lemons, pineapples, etc) which can be used as raw materials to install fruit processing industry; Coffee production provide opportunities for establishment of a coffee factory and Textile Industry;

Timber processing factory can as well be established due to existing forests and the process of forestation and re-a forestation, which is going on in the District.

Economic Aspects  Agriculture: 86.2% of the population depends on agriculture, the traditional Cash Crops grown are coffee, tea and tobacco while bananas, sweet potatoes, cassava, Irish potatoes, beans, maize and ground nuts dominate the food crops though of recent they are increasingly becoming cash crops. Livestock; mainly cattle but also goats, piggery and poultry.

Other Economic activities include Lumbering, grain processing, fruit production, chalk making, dairy farming, and commercial activities.

Industry: small scale industries involved in agro- processing of mainly coffee, tea and maize, leather, metal fabrication, woodwork, handcrafts and clay works.

Investment Opportunities: Multimedia, Financial services, leather tanning, health services, Tourism, Education, Fish Farming, Dairy Industry, Agro-Processing, Afforestation and Poultry Production.

5 ENVIRONMENTAL & SOCIAL MITIGATION AND MONITORING PLAN An environmental and social management plan has been developed to assist in mitigating and managing environmental and social impacts associated with the construction and operation of the lines. The ESMP has been developed to provide a basis for the implementation and monitoring of Environmental and Social management aspects of the project. The ESMP also assigns action responsibilities to various actors and timeframes within which mitigation measures and monitoring should be done.

The ESMP in table 1 delineates specific actions for mitigating the potential impacts, stakeholders responsible for the implementation of proposed measures, the specific performance indicators to be used during inspection and monitoring, the responsible parties, and cost.

Table 1: Environmental and Social Mitigation and Monitoring Plan Matrix

No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibl Monitoring Indicator Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost1 . Social Impact Location e g Period & monitoring (USD) Party Frequency General Provisions 1. All impacts All All phases Entire a) Achieve full compliance with the World Bank EHS REA i) Compliance with all - i) NEMA 100% Compliance with REA Safeguards - activities route Construction Guidelines, National Environmental and ESMP requirements. ii) Respective District ESMP. Personnel in place. in Project social requirements upon which this ESMP is based, Site ii) Number of non- Local Government through regularly monitoring and address on-site compliance fines iii) PCU/MEMD situations and through applying the relevant mitigation issued. measures. b) REA to issue penalties, in consultation with relevant authorities, for incidents of non-compliance, and always in liaison with NEMA. 2. All impacts All Construction Entire a) Sensitise the Contractor’s workers including foremen, Contractor i) Show appointment Prior to i) REA i) Effective Construction period for 45,000 activities route supervisors and labourers in the requirement for and full of/institutional commence ii) Supervising Monitoring is estimated at 15months. in Project implementation of the ESMP. arrangement with ment of Mechanism in Site Consultant 2 x Safeguards Experts x b) Employ an adequately qualified and experienced NEMA, to put in constructio iii) NEMA place. 15 months x Environmental and Social Personnel to assist with specific place the EO to n activities ii) Quarterly E&SMP USD1,500/month iv) Respective route and pole location of the infrastructure, prior to the regularly monitor and meetings held with District Local construction of such, as well as regular independent and report to REA, ongoing. stakeholders. Government monitoring and stakeholder engagement throughout the PAPs and local construction period. authorities on v) PCU/MEMD project c) Put in place simple Construction Method Statements for performance, activities in sensitive areas densely populated areas. measured on the requirements of the ESMP. ii) Construction Method Statements in place for activities in sensitive areas. Ecological Considerations 3. Fauna Avian Design, Entire a) Design for the horizontal alignment of conductor lines, to REA i) Horizontally placed Once-off REA/ PCU/MEMD i) Horizontally placed REA to scope and cost - biodiversity species construction, route reduce the probability of bird flight collisions. lines. at final lines, near medium- final design. (wild animals) colliding operation & design sized wetlands. with maintenance stage. electricity lines Construction Entire b) No wild animals to be caught, killed or harmed during Contractor i) Record of siting’s of Constructi i) REA vi) Zero wild animals No direct cost. - route construction, in compliance with the provisions regarding wild animals on period ii) Supervising or birds are prohibitions against acts affecting protected species, through checking with Consultant captured and/or including outside protected areas, according to the with local monthly iii) NEMA killed. Uganda Wildlife Act, 2000. communities. monitorin g. iv) Respective District Local Governments v) PCU/MEMD 4. Floral Clear Design Entire a) Locate the route design within the road reserve, avoiding REA i) Number of native Once-off i) REA vi) Reduce to absolute REA to scope and cost in - biodiversity native route trees and dense vegetation, as far as is possible, and only trees affected by the during final ii) Supervising minimum area of final design phase. vegetation deviate from it if necessary. Attention is focussed on that if project. design native vegetation & in RoW, Consultant one side of the road has remnant forest or old/mature/large phase. and trees affected by Ecosystem material ii) Number of old fruits iii) NEMA trees, while the other side does not and is clear, then trees (mangos, the project. habitats storage iv) Respective District areas and relocate the route on the clearest side of the road. Such final avocados, etc.) vii) Under 20 native Local Government constructi line routings must be considered carefully during final design affected by the trees affected by the on yards. and include the consideration of minimising the removal of project. v) PCU/MEMD project. both natural vegetation and private woodlots. viii) Zero old fruits trees b) The proposed distribution line plan should avoid (mangos, avocados, destruction of old/mature trees and associated organisms, etc.) affected by the where these may occur along the Project Site. For example, project. and to the extent possible, the routing should deviate from ix) Minimise the trees with diameter at breast height size of 0.2m or above, number and area of in view of the significant value of such trees in the context private woodlot of regeneration of species and continuity of life required to disturbed. restore and strengthen ecosystem resilience.

1 This is just an estimated cost

No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibl Monitoring Indicator Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost1 . Social Impact Location e g Period & monitoring (USD) Party Frequency c) Final pole positions must be checked on the site, to ensure that all environmental and social features within the final route are protected. Remnant ecologically sensitive areas should be avoided, at all cost. Where it is not possible to avoid such sensitive areas the routing of the distribution lines should be done in consultation with the respective authorities, local governments and residents, to plan around creating unnecessary damage to the remaining natural forests, plants, wetlands, crop lands, woodlots, private buildings and farm infrastructure, like hedgerows, avenues of trees/shrubs, walls and fences. d) Place the distribution lines above existing vegetation to avoid land clearing, where possible and where the underlying crops and/or vegetation remains low, retain this vegetation as far as is possible; it is costly to replace after the line is in place. e) Care should be taken, as far as is possible, to plan the proposed line routes to avoid natural vegetation, wetlands and private woodlots and to the extent possible, no access roads for construction or maintenance of the line should be developed to traverse wetland areas or areas hosting natural vegetation or private woodlots. Construction Entire a) Avoid clearing natural trees, forests and vegetation at all Contractor i) Area of native Constructi i) REA i) Reduce to absolute Guidelines are provided 5,000 route costs, as these species are under pressure in the Project Area. vegetation affected on period ii) Supervising minimum area of here to reduce the b) The distribution line must be strung, without having to clear by the project. with Consultant native vegetation negative impacts on low lying vegetation occurring within the RoW. Such ii) Number of native monthly iii) NEMA affected by the natural vegetation, vegetation could include crops and/or all remaining natural trees affected by the monitoring project. providing specification iv) Respective District vegetation, and such must not be cleared for the stringing of project. . ii) Under 10 native for the construction Local Government phase. A lump sum the lines, during the construction phase. The final design iii) Number of old fruits trees affected by the v) PCU/MEMD allowance of USD10, thus requires careful planning. trees (mangos, project. 000 is made for c) The proposed distribution line plan should avoid avocados, etc.) iii) Zero old fruits trees restoration efforts. destruction of old/mature trees and associated organisms, affected by the (mangos, avocados, where these may occur along the Project Site. For example, project. etc.) affected by the and to the extent possible, the routing should deviate from project. trees with diameter at breast height size of 0.2m or above, in view of the significant value of such trees in the context of regeneration of species and continuity of life required to restore and strengthen ecosystem resilience. d) When placing the final pole positions, ensure poles are carefully placed and well away from trees and/or remnant forest, as well as wetland areas, where possible, especially avoiding old/mature/large trees or forest, as far as is possible. This will ensure that the number of trees removed are utterly reduced or reduced to trimming of trees only. e) Limit clearing to a maximum of 5m wide to each side of the line where necessary, as the RoW and using a wider area only where necessary. Only vegetation 2.5m and taller needs to be cleared form the RoW, also only when necessary. f) Locate material storage areas and construction yards in existing cleared areas in trading centres Clear Design Wetland a) Avoid routing the line across deep wetlands. Design support REA i) Number of poles Once-off i) REA vi) One per 200m Covered in the final - wetland areas structures for longer spans, to avoid/reduce the number of placed in wetlands. during final ii) Supervising length of wetland design costs. vegetation poles that need to be located in sensitive wetland areas. design. crossed, over through ii) Area of wetland Consultant wetland areas. earthwork b) Design to place the distribution lines well above existing vegetation cleared. iii) NEMA

s. wetland vegetation, as far as is possible, to avoid vegetation iv) Respective District vii) Area of wetland clearing in wetland and riparian areas. Local Government vegetation cleared below 3m2 per pole. v) PCU/MEMD Construction Wetland a) Limit the area to be cleared to place poles to below 3m2 per REA & i) Number of holes Constructi i) REA i) NEMA clearance. Embedded in the - areas pole. Contractor dug in wetlands. on period ii) Supervising ii) One/200m length construction costs b) Avoid entering a wetland area with any construction ii) Application to with Consultant of wetland crossed, machinery. Work in wetland areas can be conducted by NEMA for monthly iii) NEMA over wetlands. hand. clearance. monitoring iii) Area of wetland . iv) Respective District c) Carefully clean construction equipment after working in Local Government vegetation cleared

No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibl Monitoring Indicator Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost1 . Social Impact Location e g Period & monitoring (USD) Party Frequency areas infested by water hyacinth or other known invasive v) PCU/MEMD below 3m2 per pole. and exotic species. Clearance Construction Farms a) Crops and trees will only be cut or damaged where Contractor iii) Height of poles used Constructi i) REA i) Minimal damage to Clearnce embedded in - for the avoidance is impossible, the contractor will restrict damage iv) No. of sugar cane on period ii) Supervising farmlands works right of to spots where poles are to be planted. Indiscriminate with way in REA for plantations avoided Consultant damage within the way leave will not be permitted. monthly farmlands way leaves v) No. of complaints iii) NEMA Compensation b) Clearing of trees should be for only those that are more monitoring acquisition regarding iv) Respective District embedded in ARAP than 2m high within the RoW, and the tall trees and destruction Local Government branches adjacent the power lines that are of safety concern registered and v) PCU/MEMD c) Communities will be continuously sensitized on the issue of handled vi) wayleaves to ensure that the conflicts between the project vi) Area cleared of and communities are minimized. vegetation. d) Where losses of vegetation/crops are inevitable, vii) ARAP developed compensation measures be instituted as per approved and implemented District Land Board rates and in line with the REA Resettlement Framework, and the Abbreviated Resettlement Action Plan that has been prepared alongside this Environmental and Social management Plan. Unintende Construction, Entire e) Avoid making open fires, especially during dry climatic Contractor i) Number of fire Constructi i) REA i) Zero fire incidents. Allowance is made for 5,000 d wild operation & route, conditions and when dry grass and other dry vegetation incidents and details on period ii) Supervising the purchase of fire fires maintenance especiall close by could start a wild fire. of any firefighting with Consultant fighting equipment. y densely f) Provide firefighting equipment, during construction and activities and monthly iii) NEMA vegetate adequately train personnel in firefighting skills. requirements. monitoring d areas . iv) Respective District g) Properly clear vegetation around poles and close to Local Government electricity lines, to avoid safety and fire risks and damage v) PCU/MEMD being done to infrastructure, should a fire be burning. 5. Sustainable use Pollution Construction Pole and a) Avoid the contamination and pollution of soils with Contractor i) Volume of Constructi i) REA i) Zero soil pollution. Included into waste - of soil incidents and transfor hazardous materials like fuels and oils, through the proper contaminated soil on period ii) Supervising management allowance. within operation mer sites, handling of construction materials and ensuring effective on the Project Site with Project Consultant construct waste management monthly Site iii) NEMA ion yard monitoring . iv) Respective District Local Government v) PCU/MEMD 6. Fragile Constructi Construction Wetland a) Place the distribution lines above existing vegetation to Contractor i) Area of wetland and Once-off i) REA i) Zero wetland and Direct cost only on the removal of invasive species ecosystems on and areas avoid clearing wetland and riparian vegetation, as possible riparian vegetation during final ii) Supervising riparian vegetation activities operation and where the underlying vegetation remains low, retain impacted by the design. to be removed. near Consultant this vegetation during the stringing of lines. poles and route. wetlands iii) NEMA 10,000 b) Care should be taken that the proposed line routes must ii) Area/number of During iv) Respective District ii) Complete removal avoid impacting wetlands and no access roads for invasive species operation. Local Government of alien species in construction or maintenance of the line should be removed. RoW. developed to traverse wetland areas or areas hosting v) PCU/MEMD natural vegetation. c) Remove invasive plant species during construction within RoW. Construction Wetland d) Place the distribution lines above existing vegetation to Contractor i) Area of wetland and Constructi i) REA i) Zero wetland and and areas avoid clearing wetland and riparian vegetation, as possible riparian vegetation on period ii) Supervising riparian vegetation operation and where the underlying vegetation remains low, retain impacted by the with Consultant to be removed. this vegetation during the stringing of lines. poles and route. monthly iii) NEMA monitoring e) Care should be taken that the proposed line routes must . iv) Respective District avoid impacting wetlands and no access roads for ii) Area/number of Local Government ii) Complete removal construction or maintenance of the line should be During invasive species v) PCU/MEMD of alien species in developed to traverse wetland areas or areas hosting removed. constructio RoW. natural vegetation. n. f) Remove invasive plant species during routine maintenance of RoW. Social Considerations 7. Employment Employing Construction Entire a) Labour can be employed from along the route, with strict Contractor i) Number of residents Constructi i) REA i) Zero recruitment of ESMP Awareness 5,000 local route adherence to international labour laws and local cultural employed, including on period ii) Supervising children Training for all site labour sensitivities, as identified during consultations, focusing on number of women with Consultant ii) 1/3 of the labour personnel. gender equity and child protection and within the employed. monthly iii) NEMA force should be 50 people x parameters of the ESMP. monitoring iv) Respective District women USD100/person b) To minimise the negative social behaviour, it is . iii) At least 90% Casual

No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibl Monitoring Indicator Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost1 . Social Impact Location e g Period & monitoring (USD) Party Frequency recommended that, where necessary and feasible, local Local Government labourers from the labour force from within the immediate communities be v) PCU/MEMD project areas recruited to minimise housing pressures as well as, social conflicts in the Project Area. For purposes of recruiting the local labour force, the Contractor should work closely with local council leadership to identify suitable persons for employment. In addition, the Contractor needs to liaise with the respective Districts Labour Officers on matters of local labour recruitment arrangements. 8. Social cohesion External Construction Entire a) The Contractor should be monitored independently and Contractor i) Record of any Constructi i) REA i) Zero tolerance for Stakeholder liaison costs 12,000 or disruption constructi route regularly to ensure strict compliance with contractual incidents of negative on period ii) Supervising incidents of highly are allowed for, for on crews & obligations, including adherence to stipulated standards of social implications with Consultant significant negative Contractor personnel to from the project monthly spend time dealing with Influx of conduct and behaviour of construction workers. iii) NEMA social implications. filed with REA. monitoring local stakeholders and people b) The Contractor needs to sensitise of workers in cultural . iv) Respective District authorities. values and norms of the area and the identified sensitivities. Local Government USD500/month for c) The Contractor needs to work closely with the existing law v) Ministry of Gender enforcement agencies in the areas of the project (Local liaison officer Labour and Social Councils and the Police) to help address potential issues of Development crime in the project. Local authorities require support to handle the increased cases of indiscipline and conflict, vi) PCU/MEMD brought about by the increased population influx, and any disputes that are likely to ensue. d) Issues of security should be handled hand-in-hand with the local Council administration, to ensure that suspicious non- known members of the area who are also not part of the project, are rounded up to avoid disrupting the security of the area. e) The project should in addition have its own security system as it is very common to find the local security organs conniving with the bad characters to exploit projects. f) A comprehensive HIV/AIDS Awareness and Management Plan must be implemented throughout and for the duration of the construction phase, with post-completion monitoring and reporting to REA and NEMA 9. Potential child Employing Construction Entire a) Avoiding employing workers below 18 years by insisting on Contractor i) Reports of Constructi i) REA Zero incidences of child No direct cost - abuse and route viewing potential employees’ National Identity cards to orientation meetings on period ii) Supervising abuse managem ascertain proof of age before recruitment. . with ent of ii) Presence of child Consultant monthly labour b) Put in place a child protection plan and implement it protection plan iii) NEMA monitoring c) Report cases of child abuse to authorities iii) Number of child iv) Respective District d) Collaboration with labor and the respective Probation and abuse cases reported Local Government and concluded Welfare officers for cases of child abuse or violating v) Ministry of Gender workers’ rights. iv) Evidence of Labour and Social collaboration with Development labor and the vi) PCU/MEMD respective Probation and Welfare officers for cases of child abuse or violating workers’ rights. 10. Social order During Construction Entire a) Restrict construction activities to daytime hours only Contractor i) Complaints Constructi vii) REA Zero incidences of No direct cost - disruption/n line route b) No activities will be allowed on site beyond 6.00 pm in registered from on period viii) Supervising disrupting social order erection oise order to check on the noise pollution much felt at night. community with Consultant monthly pollution c) Put in place a code of conduct to be followed by the ii) Incident register for ix) NEMA monitoring workforce and avoid causing unnecessary inconvenience to workers x) Respective District the community iii) Code of conduct in Local Government place xi) PCU/MEMD 11. Conflict with Employing Construction Entire a) Ensure workers are mainly recruited from project areas Contractor i) Records of Constructi i) REA i) Zero conflict Grievance management 10,000 communities/A of labour route b) Awareness arising (Engagement) for both the workers and For employees on period ii) Supervising ii) Any Grievance costs are allowed for, for gencies due to the communities engagemen ii) Functioning GRM with Consultant managed properly Contractor personnel to influx of labour c) Implement a functioning and easily accessible Grievance t iii) Codes of Conduct monthly iii) NEMA and in a timely spend time dealing with monitoring conflicts Redress Mechanism(GRM( REA/Contr signed iv) Respective District manner actor/Supe d) Workers to sign and adhere to code of conduct that among iv) Engagement reports Local Government rvising others includes how to deal with communities Consultant v) Ministry of Gender

No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibl Monitoring Indicator Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost1 . Social Impact Location e g Period & monitoring (USD) Party Frequency e) Continuous engagement with all key stakeholders on the Labour and Social project progress and requirements Development vi) PCU/MEMD 12. Labor related Employm Construction Entire a) Awareness arising (Engagement) for both the workers and Contractor i) Awareness/engagem Constructi i) REA i) Zero incidences A block figure on 10,000 sexual ent and /operation route the communities ent reports on period ii) Supervising related to sexual management of sexual harassment and managem with violence/GBV related violence allowed ent of b) Workers to sign and adhere to code of conduct that among ii) Signed Code of Consultant abuse of monthly labour others includes requirement for non-tolerance to sexual Conduct iii) NEMA women and harassment including GBV iii) Reports of monitoring girls including iv) Respective District c) Engagement of workers on the laws against defilement and behaviours of GBV Local Government other sexual offences including work place policy of sexual workers v) Ministry of Gender harassment Labour and Social d) Monitoring reports of workers behavior conduct during Development construction works vi) PCU/MEMD e) Engagement of workers on the family and child protection unit of police 13. Labour issues – Employm Construction Entire a) Contractor to have in place a project workers grievance Contractor i) Project Workers Constructi i) REA Zero incidences related tp No direct cost - employment ent and /operation route redress committee, Labour force Management Plan, in line Grievance Redress on period ii) Supervising employment and work and working managem with the Labour Act and OHS Act. Labour Force committee in place with conditions ent of Consultant conditions Management Plan to address issues of workers’ welfare, and functional monthly labour iii) NEMA child labour, workers code of conduct, sexual harassment ii) Labour Force monitoring iv) Respective District among workers, compensation in cases of accidents, Management Plan. Local Government payments and contracts, and a grievance management iii) Workers code of v) Ministry of Gender mechanism; conduct. b) All workers to have contracts and identification tags; Labour and Social iv) Contracts for Development c) Persons seeking employment will have to be screened, workers in place. vi) PCU/MEMD including references from the local Council Chairpersons of v) Register of reported their villages of origin before engagement. abuse cases against d) To mitigate negative impacts arising from recruitment of women and girls if labour from distant places, the contractor should hire local any and actions labour mainly. taken e) Both men and women will be given equal employment vi) Reports of opportunities and that there will be fair treatment and non- engagement discrimination among staff. meetings vii) Labor requirements awareness reports viii) Presence of workers register

14. Workers Employm Construction Entire a) A code of conduct to be developed and enforced by the Contractor i) Community and Constructi i) REA Zero incidences related tp No direct cost - behaviour – ent and /operation route Contractor for employees, to address abuse of women and worker targeted on period ii) Supervising workers behaviors managem girls that may lead to broken marriages, early pregnancies, prevention and with affecting women and girls affecting ent of Consultant sexual exploitation response monthly women, girls labour iii) NEMA b) The code of conduct to address inappropriate and risky interventions monitoring iv) Respective District behavior ii) Cases reported; Local Government

c) Encourage women and other affected persons to report iii) Cases concluded v) Ministry of Gender cases of abuse Labour and Social Development vi) PCU/MEMD 15. Accidents During Construction Entire a) Put in place temporary road signage Contractor i) Visible and readable Constructi i) REA Zero indices of accidents No direct costs - during installatio route b) Follow the recommended speed limits signage on period ii) Supervising n of poles construction c) Workers given adequate and appropriate PPE ii) Tool box meeting with Consultant reports monthly d) Tool box meetings/awareness meetings iii) NEMA monitoring e) Safety signage at risky places of work iii) PPE issuance records iv) Respective District Local Government v) Ministry of Gender Labour and Social Development vi) PCU/MEMD 16. Potential Interactio Construction Entire a) A key consideration for the proposed project is the ability to Contractor i) Report progress on Constructi i) REA iii) All construction HIV/AIDS Awareness 10,000 disruption of ns with route effectively involve key stakeholders in a realistic and positive implementation of on period ii) Supervising personnel to /Management residents roadside participatory process to combat gender violence and the HIV/AIDS Awareness with Consultant complete HIV/AIDS Programme is allowed

No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibl Monitoring Indicator Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost1 . Social Impact Location e g Period & monitoring (USD) Party Frequency businesses abuse and mishandling of women and children on such and Management monthly iii) NEMA and Human Health for during the government infrastructure projects and the Contractor must Plan for the monitoring iv) Respective District Awareness Training. construction period for present a plan to address such. construction phase. . Local Government iv) At least quarterly all construction workers. b) A comprehensive HIV/AIDS Awareness and Management ii) Regular update i) Ministry of Gender meetings with PAPs, 50 people x Plan must be implemented throughout and for the duration reports on Labour and Social local authorities and USD200/person of the construction phase, with post-completion monitoring sensitisation Development institutions. and reporting to REA and NEMA, collaborating with NGOs programme with ii) PCU/MEMD and CBOs, as possible. local authorities and c) Sensitisation of communities to be conducted and include institutions. electromagnetic fields, accidental electrocution, exposure to hazardous waste materials like fuels, oils and timber offcuts with creosote and/or CCA, safe levels of exposure and related impacts, to avoid speculation. 17. Communicatio Road Construction Working a) The Contractor must announce their intended arrivals in Contractor i) Incidents of severely Constructi i) REA i) Zero incidents of Traffic control and - n and closure Area areas to local leadership and residents, prior to arriving to detrimental on period ii) Supervising significant road signage is already transportation work in new areas along the proposed route. blockages of roads. with Consultant closure. covered under the b) Work is to be conducted to minimise road blockage and monthly iii) NEMA Works budget closure, using appropriate traffic guides and signs near work monitoring iv) Respective District areas, when roads are constricted or closed temporarily. . Local Government

c) The Contractor and the construction teams should deploy v) Ministry of Gender traffic guides at strategic sections of the roads to control Labour and Social traffic flow and avoid potential accidents. Development d) The Contractor should also use appropriated signage at vi) PCU/MEMD specific locations to provide adequate warning to motorists and other road users of on-going construction work on the roads. 18. Local economy Power Operation Entire a) Service Provider regularly maintain the power line to keep Electricity i) Incidents of power Annual i) ERA i) Zero incidents of Forms part of - & interruptio route the power supply reliable. distributor disruption. monitoring ii) REA extended disruption responsibilities of n Basic services . iii) PCU/MEMD due to faults on the electricity distributor. distribution lines. Power Design Entire b) Consider the inclusion of further closely lying trading centres REA i) Number of trading Design and REA i) All social services Forms part of the works. - supply route and social services that can benefit from the further supply centres and social once PCU/MEMD within the project of electricity. services with access during the areas to national grid final design power. 19. Culture Constructi Construction Entire a) Necessary social safeguards shall be put in place to Contractor ii) Number of incidents Constructi i) REA i) Zero incidents of Costs for mainly 5000 heritage on crews route effectively managed, to avoid unnecessary and negative resulting in negative on period ii) Supervising highly significant reporting allowed, social impacts resulting from the promise of this project, as cultural and social with Consultant negative cultural otherwise this is part of identified during stakeholder consultation. impacts and details monthly iii) NEMA implications. the works b) Contractors must ensure that their supervisors, employees thereof. monitoring iv) Respective District and all sub-contractor personnel adhere to the strict social iii) Chance Finds . Local Government interaction guidelines, to avoid unnecessary harm on Procedure in place vulnerable groups, such as children and women. v) PCU/MEMD Construction teams are not to have direct contact with women or children and such should be observed by all stakeholders of the project. c) Appropriate fines may be issued by REA, directed towards the Contractor, in cases of non-compliance towards the provisions of the ESMP. d) Chance Finds Procedure must be adhered to 20. Cultural objects All project Construction Entire a) If any religious institution along the site it going to be i) Incidents of impacts. Constructi i) REA i) Zero negative No cost allowance is - (PCRs) activities and route directed impacted upon by the proposed line, then specific ii) Record of chance on period ii) Supervising impacts to PCRs and made, and the operation discussions during final planning can be conducted. finds. with Consultant other heritage probability is low. b) Implement the Chance Finds Procedure, if any physical monthly iii) NEMA resources. heritage of importance is found during the implementation monitoring . iv) Respective District of the project. Local Government

c) At the local level, additional consultations will be carried v) Department of out prior to commencement of works by the contractor, Museums and particularly on sites of cultural importance along the RoW; Monuments

d) Where cultural resources are encountered, compensation vi) PCU/MEMD will be provided including support for relocation, such as graves, where applicable in a culturally acceptable manner; e) Excavation of sites of known archaeological importance should be avoided, and the routing of distribution lines

No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibl Monitoring Indicator Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost1 . Social Impact Location e g Period & monitoring (USD) Party Frequency should be designed to avoid graveyards or sites of historical or spiritual importance; f) Construction workers and managers should be trained in basic skills of how to identify and handle archaeological materials/artifacts before commencement of work. Such training should be administered in liason with DMM g) In the event of any chance finds of significance by the contractor, following the discovery of possible PCR, the Contractor will be required to follow a “chance finds procedure” in Appendix iv. h) The Contractor will be required to stop works and contact REA/MEMD to inform the Department of Museums and Monuments. The Contractor should have the artifacts secured or protected, and prevent any access. i) DMM will then undertake investigations, and works will only resume once authorization is provided. 21. Gender impacts All project Construction Entire a) Conducting appropriate sensitisation on gender issues at all Contractor i) Coherent Gender Constructi i) REA i) Implementation of Gender Awareness 10,000 activities and route levels within the Project Area and creation of awareness on , Electricity Awareness Plan to on period ii) Supervising Gender Awareness Monitoring Programme operation the responsibility of all concerned during the various phases distributor be implemented. with Consultant Plan. amongst site personnel of the project to address specific gender concerns. This ii) Monitor monthly iii) NEMA ii) All personnel to and PAPs allowed should entail consultation with both women and men in the performance on the monitoring attend all HIV/Aids Project Area and within the construction teams. . iv) Respective District HIV/AIDS campaign. Local Government Awareness Training. b) REA and the Contractor should ensure that: iii) Changes in the v) Ministry of Gender iii) Decrease in the  effective gender responsive and equality activities reported numbers of Labour and Social number of gender- gender-based based violence under the proposed project are duly defined and Development implemented through participatory engagement; violence incidents. incidents. vi) PCU/MEMD  the quantifiable and none quantifiable, gender and iv) Number of local iv) At least monthly social mitigation measures related to direct and indirect community level local community impacts are achieved; and meetings held per meetings held to  a Social Impact Management specialist is deployed on month. communicate the project to oversee among others, gender project related mainstreaming in the project cycle, is implemented. matters. c) HIV/AIDS awareness campaigns must be regularly conducted for workers and local communities, as well as activities promoting access to health services, treatment and counselling. 22. Vulnerable All project Construction Entire a) A Child Protection Plan will be developed and provided to Contractor i) Issues recorded at Constructi i) REA i) Project related Forms part of the role of - groups activities and route all the Contractors and school management to discourage , Electricity the regular ES on period ii) Supervising environmental and the Stakeholder Liaison operation the Contractors from using children as labourers. In distributor Committee Forum, with Consultant social issues tables at personnel from the addition, Contractors will be required to avoid employing which can be monthly each meeting for the Contractor, as well as iii) NEMA workers who are below eighteen years old. They will also established and monitoring duration of the part of the general be required to keep records that show the ages of their formed from local . iv) Respective construction phase. sensitisation programs as District Local workers. leaders in the areas costed Government ii) REA and Contractor b) Ensure that the community and local leadership have access of the project. actively to and know of and report abuse using the national child ii) REA and the v) Ministry of Gender communicate with abuse hotline 116. The existence of the hotline can be Contractor are to Labour and Social the environmental displayed throughout near the construction site and in the form active drivers Development and social community at large. of this committee, vi) PCU/MEMD Management c) The Contractor should ensure that mechanisms for close so that especially Committee. monitoring of worker’s behaviour/conduct are in place e.g. sensitive social issues iii) Reduction in the Contractor could discreetly engage the police to identify have a platform on numbers of child anonymous informers from among the workers to monitor which to be abuse incidents. and report any negative behaviour by the workers including addressed. child abuse related misconduct, display a call line or iii) Changes in the suggestion box where the community can provide feedback number of reported on workers behaviour. incidents of child d) REA and the Contractor should ensure that all local leaders abuse. and women/child representatives are fully oriented to the iv) Gender-based issues, labour force related risks for children engaging in relevant here, are construction related activities. covered in specific e) Talks with the Contractor and his workforce by relevant section above. officials (including the police) on child protection should be encouraged and appropriately scheduled, including continuous popularisation of the child help line 116. Parents/guardians should be sensitised and held accountable

No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibl Monitoring Indicator Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost1 . Social Impact Location e g Period & monitoring (USD) Party Frequency for children leaving and arriving home before dark. f) Conducting appropriate sensitisation on gender issues at all levels within the Project Area and creation of awareness on the responsibility of all concerned during the various phases of the project to address specific gender concerns and especially as they relate to women. This should entail consultation with both women and men in the Project Area and within the construction teams. g) HIV/AIDS awareness campaigns for workers and local communities and activities promoting access to health services, treatment and counselling. h) REA and the Contractor should ensure strict compliance with the provision of relevant safeguard policies with respect to persons with disabilities. REA and the Contractor should ensure that there are full and effective participation of persons with disabilities and other vulnerable groups, like children and through representative organisations, in all phases of the project, including monitoring and evaluation. 23. Education All project Construction Schools a) All schools must be contacted during the final round of REA, i) Number and regular Constructi i) REA vii) One awareness Forms part of ESMP - activities and design, to check on access and availability of electricity. Contractor awareness talks held on period ii) Supervising meeting and Awareness Training and operation b) Schools should be sensitised on the need to keep off at schools per with Consultant discussion at each the role of the construction sites and away from construction workers. month. monthly iii) NEMA school located Safeguards Experts ii) Number of monitoring within walking c) Workers to be instructed to observe silence, while working iv) Respective District awareness meetings . proximity schools across sections of the routing near schools and not to Local Government interact with any school children. held with and the Project Site. construction staff per v) Ministry of viii) Four (4) monthly month. Education and Sports awareness meetings vi) PCU/MEMD held with construction personnel. 24. Human health All project Construction Entire a) Measures to prevent and control OHS issues during the Contractor i) Number of Constructi i) REA i) Zero tolerance for Health, safety and 5,000 and safety activities and route construction, maintenance and operation of the project , Electricity awareness on period ii) Supervising criminal records and human safety training including operation should adhere to established national and international OHS distributor meetings/training with Consultant activities. allowed for occupational guidelines that are specific for electricity distribution line held with monthly iii) PCU/MEMD ii) Monthly safety 50 people x health and projects. These measures should also have site-specific construction staff. monitoring inspections and iv) NEMA USD100/person safety targets and an appropriate timetable for achieving them, as ii) Number of safety . audits. v) Respective District related to: audits performed. iii) 100% staff trained vi) Local Government The PPEs are costed  The Contractor should have on site an Occupational iii) Percentage workers in OHS procedures under works and Safety and Health Policy and Action Plan addressing trained in OHS Ministry of Education and and practices. therefore not allowed workers and PAPs on occupational safety and health procedures and Sports iv) Zero human safety for here issues, workplace conditions, welfare, accidental practices. or incident rating to electrocution, hazardous materials and waste iv) Number of PAPs be upheld as management, general safety requirements, fire and/or primary target. preparedness, machinery, plant and equipment, etc. in representatives line with the Occupational Safety and Health Act, attending meetings. 2006; v) Incident reports  The Contractor should conduct HSE sensitization with vi) PPE issuance records PAPs directly affected by the project;  The Contractor should have HSE induction for all workers, and undertake daily tool box meetings prior to works; and b) Workers should regularly be taken through safety drills and emergency preparedness training allowing for quick and efficient responses to accidents that could result in human injury or damage to the environment. c) The Contractor should involve local leaders in labour recruitment to ensure that people hired have no criminal record. d) The local content provision should be emphasised to minimise labour requirements needed from outside the community. e) The Contractor should have HSE induction for all workers, and undertake daily tool box meetings prior to works, including work at heights;

No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibl Monitoring Indicator Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost1 . Social Impact Location e g Period & monitoring (USD) Party Frequency f) Ensure adequate provision of PPEs (gloves, safety shoes, safety belts, overalls and goggles), as well as continuous awareness on the need for use of PPEs and enforcement of usage; g) Ensure that live-wire work is conducted by trained workers with strict adherence to specific safety and insulation standards. Qualified or trained employees working on transmission systems should be able to achieve the following: h) - Distinguish live parts from other parts of the electrical system i) - Determine the voltage of live parts j) - Understand the minimum approach distances outlined for specific live line voltages k) Ensure proper use of special safety equipment and procedures when working near or on exposed energized parts of an electrical system; l) During maintenance, switch off and fully deactivate the main power; m) All workers on sites should be well trained on the risks and their tasks; n) The Contractor to use poles that have been well seasoned and dried and not having dripping creosote; o) The poles should not be placed in water-logged areas and neither should they come in contact with public drinking water sources; p) Disposal of off-cuts of poles should not be by burning but be collected and handed to a licensed hazardous waste management agent; q) Wash work clothes stained with creosote separately from other household clothing; r) Workers should regularly be taken through safety drills and emergency preparedness training allowing for quick and efficient responses to accidents that could result in human injury or damage to the environment; s) First aid facilities should be provided on site and accessible to all personnel. It should among others contain rubber gloves, bandages, pain killers and cotton wool to cater for minor accident victim; t) Fence off equipment storage areas and camp sites to discourage idlers to the sites; u) Keep all equipment and machinery in good working order to limit excessive fumes and noise; v) The contractor to have in place a traffic management plan, and guidelines for drivers to avoid accidents; w) Provide adequate sanitary facilities for workers at the construction camps/staging areas and work sites x) Incident/accident reporting through y) keeping log of incidents/accidents a remedial action (in the event of an z) accident) aa) Have in place an Emergency contingency plan 25. Risk of spread a) Sensitize communities on their sexual rights Contractor i) Presence of Constructi i) REA Zero cases of HIV HIV 20,000 of HIV/AIDS b) Put in place an HIV prevention plan and implement it HIV/AIDS and other on period ii) Supervising brought about by the management/awareness and other c) Report perpetrators of violence against women and children communicable with Consultant project allowed for communicable to the police diseases prevention monthly iii) NEMA diseases by and management monitoring workers of the d) Distribute condoms freely to both the project employees plan . iv) PCU/MEMD and the general community in the project area project affected ii) HIV/AIDS v) Respective District communities e) Contractor to liaise with District authorities for related Management/preve Local Government services ntion Reports vi) Ministry of Gender f) Encourage communities to report cases of illicit sexual iii) Frequency of Labour and Social behavior by contractor workers sensitization Development

No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibl Monitoring Indicator Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost1 . Social Impact Location e g Period & monitoring (USD) Party Frequency g) All workers must have access to medical care meetings for both PCU/MEMD h) Contractor to liaise with District authorities for related workers and services community i) Encourage communities to report cases of illicit sexual members in the behavior by contractor workers project area iv) Evidence of j) All workers must have access to medical care collaboration with existing service providers v) Community outreach reports

Landscape Considerations 26. Visual impacts Route Design Entire a) Due consideration must be taken during the final design REA, i) Reduction in Once-off i) REA i) Onsite placement of No direct cost. - & planning route stage, to plan and place the final route alignment and pole Contractor vegetation clearing during ii) Supervising route and poles Surrounding position, with due consideration and resulting in minimal to reduce visual final Consultant that minimises the area disturbance to the sensitive rural landscape and setting. change in the design and iii) PCU/MEMD removal of natural landscape. ground- vegetation. truthing. Land Use Considerations 27. Current land All All phases Entire a) Comprehensive and continuous sensitisation of PAPs, should REA, i) Area of cropland Constructi i) REA i) Under 10,000m2 of This cost covered under - use and activities route be conducted throughout the project cycle. Contractor affected by the on period ii) Supervising cropland affected RAP scope of work. potential b) Where private land is used REA should engage property project. with Consultant by the project. monthly & owners and settle any compensation obligation before ii) Implementation of iii) Ministry of Lands ii) Implementation of monitorin Surrounding construction starts. a Resettlement and Urban RAP. g. land use and c) Communicating to the PAPs early enough on the schedules Action Plan (RAP) Development potential of the project so that, they can make appropriate to deal with issues iv) PCU/MEMD adjustments in scheduling removal of crops and other of compensation

structure from the way leave or RoW. and loss of land and/or income. 28. Possibility of All All phases Entire a) Existing low-level crops be disturbed as little as possible, and REA, i) Number of Constructi i) REA i) Reduce the clearing Compensation for loss of - multiple land activities route where such is unavoidable, fair compensation be addressed Electricity incidents regarding on period ii) Supervising of crops to an woodlots and crops will use within a RAP study for the project. distributor maintenance with Consultant absolute minimum. be calculated in the RAP. b) The relevant authorities provide the necessary approvals for clearing of crops on monthly Restoration costs have iii) Ministry of Lands the re-establishment of low level crops, within the RoW, the RoW. monitorin already been estimated and Urban where such may be disturbed during the construction g. and included. Development period. iv) PCU/MEMD c) Where the clearing of native vegetation and especially riparian and wetland vegetation, is required, it should be avoided at all cost, unless the situation is unavoidable. 29. Construction Constructi Construction Entire a) The Contractors must have on-site waste storage facilities REA, i) Waste generated Constructi i) REA i) Zero pollution Waste management 10,000 waste on route within their construction facilities, including provision to Contractor and record of on period ii) Supervising resulting from awareness training, activities contain and temporarily store hazardous waste. recycling, reuse and with Consultant construction waste. included in ESMP b) The Contractor must ensure that a NEMA licensed disposal of monthly iii) NEMA ii) Zero % loss of Awareness Training, as construction waste. monitoring well as waste hazardous waste handler collects and disposes of hazardous iv) Respective District hazardous substances . management (including waste appropriately and to the satisfaction of the local ii) Hazardous substance Local Government on the site. government authorities. register and log, to iii) 100% coverage of hazardous waste) v) PCU/MEMD c) REA should therefore ensure that construction workers clean track volume and waste record, from collection, storage and up the Project Site and remove all debris left over from their quantity receipt, entering the Project disposal costs work. usage and safe Site to waste d) REA Contractors need to put in place waste disposal disposal by a NEMA disposal site. arrangements with the relevant authorities, including District licensed hazardous Local Government to ensure strict compliance regarding waste handler. waste management and waste disposal, especially in the case of hazardous waste. e) Contractors must not construct storage facilities and maintenance yards in the vicinity of sensitive environments, such as wetlands, to prevent run-off and pollution of these environments. f) REA should ensure that the source material and backfill from external environments are, at a minimum, 100% free of invasive species (seeds for example), which could impact the integrity and ecological balance of ecosystems beyond the

No Environmental/ Activity Project Phase Impact Mitigation Measures Responsibl Monitoring Indicator Monitorin Responsible party for Target Costing Notes Annual Cost1 . Social Impact Location e g Period & monitoring (USD) Party Frequency immediate Project Site. 30. Emissions Constructi Construction Entire a) Any equipment containing SF6 (green-house gas) should be Contractor i) Materials list and Constructi i) REA i) Disposal of all No additional cost - on route installed and monitored, with due consideration given to handling procedures on period ii) Supervising equipment to allowances. activities disposal of such waste. for equipment with Consultant proper hazardous containing SF6 or monthly waste facilities. ii) NEMA similar green-house monitoring gas. . iii) PCU/MEMD 31. Alien Invasive Constructi Construction Entire a) REA and the Contractors should ensure that the restoration REA i) Coherent Alien Constructi (i) REA i) Effective eradication The eradication of exotic 10,000 Species on and route of the disturbed areas using only native plant species is Invasive Eradication on period (ii) Supervising of Alien Invasive weed species can be activities operation carried out. REA should ensure that the Contractor engages Plan, with adequate with Consultant Species in the Project costly and is directly the services of relevant experts with knowledge and budget to monthly Site. affected by various (iii) NEMA experience in species identification and the eradication of implement it for the monitoring factors, including species (iv) PCU/MEMD ii) Collaboration with exotic species. project duration. . other stakeholders and threat status, b) Further, there should be regular and proper maintenance of ii) Collaboration with to address the location, scale of road reserves to minimise the likelihood of the spread of NARO and other eradication of high invasion and the method invasive species that are particularly aggressive, such as stakeholders in risk exotic weeds. of eradication. A lump Lantana camara, already evident on the site. addressing AIS sum allowance is made c) REA should consider how best to put in place an effective 5- impacts and to deal with eradication year Alien Vegetation Eradication Plan, to best manage the eradication. at pole positions. further spread of exotic species in the wayleave or RoW, extending into these rural agro-ecosystems. 32. Impacts due Storage Construction Entire a) The workers camp will not be constructed Contractor i) Presence of separate Constructi (i) REA Zero incidences related to No direct costs - to and line b) Equipment storage areas raised and with absorbents for sanitation facilities on period (ii) Supervising equipment accommo route for both men and with storage/workers camps Equipment dation materials that may lead to chemical leakages e.g. poles Consultant women monthly storage c) Provide adequate Proper sanitation facilities (iii) NEMA monitoring areas/worker d) Segregate waste into biodegradable, non-biodegradable and ii) Number of bins at (iv) Respective site clearly marked s camps hazardous and dispose appropriately; District Local iii) Equipment e) Ensure regular maintenance of site equipment Government maintenance records - Safety procedures for fuel storage and refuelling (v) Ministry of in place Gender Labour - Dispose of oil residues carefully iv) Presence of safety and Social f) Upon completion of the contract, all elements of the procedures for fuel Development equipment storage areas shall be removed and respective storage and (vi) PCU/MEMD sites, as far as possible, to its original condition dispensing in place

6. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES FOR IMPLEMENTING THE ESMP This section sets out the roles and responsibilities for the management of the project’s safeguards aspects.

MEMD (PCU) The PCU shall be responsible for oversight role of coordination of the project including monitoring and reporting of implementation of mitigation measures in this ESMP and general compliance of the project with environmental and social safeguard requirements. The Unit shall also provide support for social due diligence including support for prevention and response to GBV/VAC through the service providers for Social Risk Management.

REA REA will assume overall responsibility for implementing this ESMP. During construction, the Contractor will be employed as such; REA will assume overall responsibility over the Contractor’s compliance standards and obligations in the implementation of the ESMP (as well as wider contractual obligations). REA shall also monitor the activities of the Supervising Consultant and shall also take the overall responsibility of reporting.

UMEME – Supervising Consultant In the project design, UMEME shall be the Supervising Consultant. Therefore UMEME shall monitor and give advice to ensure that the contractor implements the mitigation measures as detailed out in this ESMP. UMEME shall also be responsible for reporting on the progress of ESMP implementation process.

Contractor During the construction phase, REA will engage a Contractor to undertake the construction of the project in line with the approved designs. The Contractor will be responsible for complying with all relevant legislation and adhere to all mitigation measures specified in the ESMP. The Contractor must have sufficient, adequate and competently resourced to fulfill the environmental and social requirements established in this ESMP and supporting documentation. The Contractor’s Safeguard’s personnel will take responsibility for mitigation and management of potential environmental and social issues during project implementation. Specific Safeguard’s personnel responsibilities include the following:

a. Take responsibility for mitigation and management of potential environmental and social issues on site; b. Liaise with the Employer Safeguard’s Team regarding site visits and briefing sessions; c. Liaise with service providers regarding the ESMP requirements; d. Organize and maintain briefing session records and mitigation and monitoring documentation on all matters of HSE; e. Respond to site inspection findings; and f. Receive and respond to any complaints from external parties on project issues on HSE.

The National Environment Management Authority NEMA is specifically mandated by the National Environment Act (NEA) Cap. 153 as the principal agency in Uganda charged with the responsibility of coordinating, monitoring, supervising, and regulating all environmental management matters in the country. One of the key institutional mandates of NEMA include among others ensuring the observance of proper safeguards in the planning and execution of all development projects including those already in existence that have or are likely to have significant impact on the environment. The role of NEMA is monitoring the project implementation in accordance with the National Environment Act and the respective regulations.

Local Government Administration Structures District and Local Council Administration in the project districts will be vital in implementation of the project by mobilizing political goodwill and sensitizing communities on the project as well as their District Environment and Community Development Officers taking care of environmental and social aspects of the project at their levels. The DEOs and CDOs in the respective areas of project implementation will have to monitor the projects to ensure that mitigation measures are adequate and are well integrated in the subproject proposals. The Role of the DEOs and CDOs will also be to ensure that the projects are implemented in accordance with national laws and regulations. They will also attend the monthly site inspection meetings for the project and be able to point out issues of concerns. Specifically the CDOs will oversee implementation of compensation aspects and other social issues such as complaints.

REFERENCES ESMF for ERT-III(2014) Environmental, health, and safety guidelines for electric power transmission and distribution. International Finance Corporation of the World Bank Group The National Environment Management Policy 1994, Ministry of Natural Resources- Kampala. National Policy for Older and People, 2009- Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development-Kampala. The National Cultural Policy, 2006-Ministry of Tourism and Wildlife The National Water Policy, 1999, Ministry of Water and Environment-Kampala The National Land Use Policy, 2011; Ministry of Lands, Housing and Urban Development. The National Gender Policy, 1997, Ministry of Gender, Labour and Social Development, Kampala-Uganda The National HIV/AIDS Policy, 2004; The National Policy for the Conservation and Management of Wetland Resources, 1995; The National Forestry Policy, 2001 The Constitution of the Republic of Uganda, 1995; The National Environment Act, Cap 153; The Public Health Act, 1964 The Land Act, Cap 227; The Water Act, Cap 152; The Uganda Wildlife Act, Cap 200; The Occupational Safety and Health Act, 2006; Historical Monument Act, 1967; The Electricity Act, 1999 The Wild Act, 1996 The National Forestry and Tree Planting Act, 2003; The National Environment (Environment Impact Assessment) Regulations; The National Environment (Audit) Regulations, 2006 (12/2006);and The National Environment (Wetlands, Riverbanks and Lakeshores Management) Regulations (SI 153-5). The Uganda HIV/AIDS Country Progress Report July 2015-June 2016 Uganda Bureau of statistics, revised edition November 2014, National Population and Housing Census 2014 Uganda Population-Based HIV Impact Assessment (UPHIA), 2017 WB Physical Cultural Resource Safeguard Policy Guidebook, 1st edition March 2009. World Bank EA guidelines 1993-4 Environmental Assessment Source Book World Bank Safeguard Policy Involuntary Resettlement (OP/BP) 4.12.

ANNEX I: SCOPE OF THE PROJECTS

Transformers (kVA)

SCOPED NO. OF Administrative Umeme VOLTAGE POTENTIAL SCOPED TX Total District DISTRICT NAME OF VILLAGE (kV) CUSTOMERS SIZE( kVA) 25KVA 50KVA 100KVA KVA LUWERO Bombo Kibanyi Bamu RD-ERT 3/1/0071 11 154 1x25,1x50 1 1 75 LUWERO Bombo Malungu Village 11 59 50 1 50 LUWERO Bombo Kiyunga Bamu Road 11 48 50 1 50 LUWERO Bombo Kyanika Village Bam RD 11 54 50 1 50 Sub Total 1 315 150 1 4 0 225

WAKISO Entebbe Katulaga Village-ERT 3/1/0073 11 196 50X2 2 100 Wakiso Entebbe Kobba Village-ERT 3/1/0083 11 26 50 1 50 Sub Total 2 222 50 0 3 0 150

Bugiri Iganga Buyebe Village-ERT 3/1/0070 33 167 50x2 & 25x1 1 2 125 Bugiri Iganga Bukaye Village-ERT 3/1/0068 33 63 50 1 50 Iganga Iganga Bukonko Village-ERT 3/1/0067 33 262 50X3& 1x25 1 3 175 Iganga Iganga Bunyiiro Village & Nawaningi Village 33 362 1x 25&50X3 1 3 175 Kaliro Iganga NAIBIRI TRADING CENTRE AND ENVIRONMENT 33 230 50X3 3 150 Kaliro Iganga Busalamuka - Namavuuda A & Buseleka Villages 11 249 50X4 4 200

Sub Total 3 1,333 50 3 16 0 875

Kayunga Kayunga Ntente Village 33 128 100 1 100 Mukono Kayunga Kigulunguzi village 11 65 50 1 50 Mukono Kayunga Kitovu AND Kitegula villge 11 208 50X3 3 150 Mukono Kayunga Namalili village 11 50 50X1 1 50 Mukono Kayunga Kitale R.C Pri. Sch & Kitale Village-ERT 3/1/0061 11 120 50x2 2 100

Mukono Kayunga Gimbi Village-ERT 3/1/0078 11 98 50 1 50 Mukono Kayunga Katovu - Namaliiri village 11 73 50 1 50 Mukono Kayunga Kasawo - mubanda Village 11 66 50 1 50

Sub Total 4 808 300 - 10 1 600

Buikwe Lugazi Gimbo Village & Kokola Village-ERT 3/1/0059 11 177 50x3 3 150 BUIKWE Lugazi Tega village 11 27 25 1 25 BUIKWE Lugazi Monde 11 59 50 1 50 BUIKWE Lugazi Kabanga village 11 70 50 1 50 BUIKWE Lugazi NAKAWUNGU VILLAGE 11 63 50 1 50 BUIKWE Lugazi Natwala Village 11 48 25 1 25 BUIKWE Lugazi Buzama villages 11 197 50x3 3 150 Buikwe Lugazi Kikooli Village 11 53 25x2 2 50 Buikwe Lugazi Makonge & Kyambogo Village-ERT 3/1/0057 11 182 25x2,50 2 1 100 Sub Total 5 876 200 6 10 0 650

MITYANA Mityana Jeza & Gimbi Village-ERT 3/1/0082 33 185 50x2 2 100

MITYANA Mityana Kindeke Village-ERT 3/1/0079 33 90 50,50 2 100 MITYANA Mityana Bugimba Village 11 172 50x2 2 100 Sub Total 6 447 0 0 6 0 300

MUKONO MUKONO MAKUKUBA VILLAGE 11 128 25,50 1 1 75 MUKONO MUKONO Kasaayi Village & Env 33 498 50x5 5 250 Sub Total 7 626 0 1 6 0 325

TOTAL 4,627 11 55 1 ####

ANNEX I1: Chance Finds Procedures

Chance find procedures will be used as follows:

 Stop the construction activities in the area of the chance find;  Delineate the discovered site or area;  Secure the site to prevent any damage or loss of removable objects. In cases of removable antiquities or sensitive remains, a night guard shall be present until the responsible local authorities and the Directorate of Museums and Monuments take over;  Notify the supervisory Engineer who in turn will notify the responsible local authorities and the Directorate of Museums and Monuments under the Ministry of Tourism, Wildlife and Antiquities (within 24 hours or less);  The Directorate of Museums and Monuments would be in charge of protecting and preserving the site before deciding on subsequent appropriate procedures. This would require a preliminary evaluation of the findings to be performed by the archeologists of the Directorate of Museums and Monuments (within 24 hours). The significance and importance of the findings should be assessed according to the various criteria relevant to cultural heritage; those include the aesthetic, historic, scientific or research, social and economic values;  Decisions on how to handle the finding shall be taken by the Directorate of Museums and Monuments. This could include changes in the layout (such as when finding an irremovable remain of cultural or archeological importance) conservation, preservation, restoration and salvage;  Implementation for the authority decision concerning the management of the finding shall be communicated in writing by the Directorate of Museums and Monuments; and  Construction work could resume only after permission is given from the responsible local authorities and the Directorate of Museums and Monuments concerning safeguard of the heritage;  These procedures must be referred to as standard provisions in construction contracts, when applicable. During project supervision, the Site Engineer shall monitor the above regulations relating to the treatment of any chance find encountered are observed;  Construction work will resume only after authorization is given by the responsible local authorities and the National Museum concerning the safeguard of the heritage; and

 Relevant findings will be recorded in World Bank Implementation Supervision Reports (ISRs), and Implementation Completion Reports (ICRs) will assess the overall effectiveness of the project’s cultural property mitigation, management, and activities, as appropriate.

ANNEX 111: EMERGENCY RESPONSE PLAN AND GRIEVANCE MANAGEMENT Emergency Response

An emergency is any unplanned occurrence caused by either natural or manmade events which can lead to deaths, significant injuries, cessation of operations, physical and environmental damage and economic losses.

Emergency management is therefore critical when planning, mitigating, responding and recovering from the potential impacts of these events.

The emergency management process is site specific and varies according to the type of operations, geographic location, proximity to the neighbouring communities and the history of such occurrences. Therefore, one of the first stages in developing an emergency response plan is the identification of the potential hazards and threats of the lines.

An emergency response plan shall be documented and cover the areas mentioned below. 1. Identification of the persons responsible for the emergencies and safety. This person will keep the plan up dated (at least annually) and ensure that it is disseminated to all the relevant stakeholders. 2. Preparatory actions which must be taken in case of emergencies with forewarning and state the persons assigned with various responsibilities. 3. Response actions to be taken in case of an emergency. 4. Cleanup measures after the emergency 5. Provision of firefighting equipment which must be serviced by a reputable and registered firefighting equipment company.

ANNEX 1V: GRIEVANCE MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS A grievance management mechanism is proposed to be established to receive and facilitate grievance resolution of the affected persons. Liaison with area leaders and community groups significantly reduces the aggravation and hostility of locals.

Consultations with the area leaders indicated that the local population will work well with local leaders. It is recommended that this trend of cooperation continues throughout the life of the project to promote social integration and the development of mutually satisfactory solutions to project related problems affecting the local community.

Any complaints shall be resolved through negotiations with the affected party with the involvement of area leaders. Regular interaction with the affected persons will ensure that any problems encountered are dealt with at an early stage.

Grievance/Complaints Register shall be kept on site for any reference to ensure provision of appropriate response mechanism. When any grievance is received, the mechanism for dealing with it shall be as follows: 1. Grievance received; 2. Grievance recorded in the Grievance/ complaints Register; 3. For an immediate action to satisfy the complaint, the complainant will be informed of corrective action; 4. Implement corrective action, record the date and close case; 5. For a long corrective action, the complainant will be informed of proposed action; and 6. Implement corrective action, record the date and close case. 7. Appeal to Court - The Ugandan laws allow any aggrieved person the right to access to Courts of law. If the complainant still remains dissatisfied with the District Land Tribunal for complaints related to land, the complainant has the option to pursue appropriate recourse via judicial process in Uganda. Courts of law should be a “last resort” option, in view of the above mechanism however PAPs are free to seek redress with the courts of law after exhausting all the GRM levels. Membership of the GRCs will be voluntary and it will be functional throughout the project life. The size of the GRC will depend on the number of villages within the cluster. It will comprise:

1. The GRC Chairperson, who will be a trusted village elder, (for example a religious representative) and not any of the LC chairpersons. This is to avoid conflicts about jurisdiction, political inclination and also to ensure public trust of the committee in case some community members do not trust their chairpersons; 2. Vice Chairperson who may be an opinion leader or a respected member of the community; 3. Secretary (responsible for recording grievances in the log book and taking minutes during GRC sittings); 4. The LC3 chairperson for the sub county with jurisdiction over the villages in the cluster; 5. The LC I chairpersons of each of the affected villages in the cluster or their representatives will be ordinary members.

ANNEX V: CODE OF CONDUCT In order to minimize impacts due to workers behavior, the Contractor shall prepare and submit a code of conduct to REA. The code of conduct shall contain obligations on all project staff (including sub-contractors and day workers) that are suitable to address the following issues, as a minimum. 1. Compliance with applicable laws, rules, and regulations. 2. Compliance with applicable health and safety requirements (including wearing prescribed personal protective equipment , preventing avoidable accidents and a duty to report conditions or practices that pose a safety hazard or threaten the environment) 3. The use of illegal substances (like drugs, taking alcohol while at work, smoking in public 4. Non-discrimination (on the basis of family status, ethnicity, race, gender, religion, language, marital status, birth, age, disability, or political conviction) 5. Interactions with community members (to convey an attitude of respect and non- discrimination) 6. Sexual harassment (to prohibit use of language or behavior, in particular towards women or children, that is inappropriate, harassing, abusive, sexually provocative, demeaning or culturally inappropriate) 7. Prevention of HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmittable diseases, 8. Violence or exploitation (for example the prohibition of the exchange of money, employment, goods, or services for sex, including sexual favors or other forms of humiliating, degrading or exploitative behavior. 9. Protection of children (including prohibitions against abuse, defilement, or otherwise unacceptable behavior with children, limiting interactions with children, and ensuring their safety in project areas. 10. Sanitation requirements (to ensure workers use specified sanitary facilities provided by their employer and not open areas). 11. Avoidance of conflicts of interest (such that benefits, contracts, or employment, or any sort of preferential treatment or favors, are not provided to any person with whom there is a financial, family or personal connection 12. Respecting reasonable work instructions (including regarding environmental social norms) 13. Protection and proper use of property (to prohibit theft, carelessness or waste) 14. Duty to report violations of this code 15. Non retaliation against workers who report violations of the code, if that report is made in good faith.

The code of conduct shall be written in plain language and signed by each worker to indicate that they have:

1. Received a copy of the code; 2. Had the code explained to them; 3. Acknowledged that adherence to this code of conduct is a condition of employment; and 4. Understood that violations of the code can result in serious consequences, up to and including dismissal or referral to legal authorities depending on the type of offense.

Annex VI: Stakeholder consultation lists