Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC Lesson Two, The

Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

LESSON PLAN

PART I Lesson 2: The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards. Instructor: Academic Instructor Teaching Method: Informal Lecture Visual Aids (VA): PowerPoint Presentation Student Preparation: Reading Assignment: Leadership Education I: Citizenship, Character and Air Force Tradition, Chapter 1, Lesson 2 Homework Assignment: Instructors may use any or all Student Workbook questions for this lesson as homework on in-class assignment. Date of Lesson Development/Last Major Revision: 1998/July 2005

PART IA

Lesson Objectives: 1. Know the history of the military uniform. 2. Know the Air Force Junior ROTC uniform and standards for dress and personal appearance. 3. Know the Air Force and Air Force Junior ROTC insignia.

Samples of Behavior/Main Points: 1. Outline the history of the military uniform. 2. Explain dos and don'ts for wearing the Air Force uniform. 3. Describe appearance and grooming standards. 4. Identify grade insignia for Air Force and Air Force Junior ROTC.

PART IB

Strategy: Emphasize to your cadets that they represent the U.S. Armed Forces. It is important that they know how to wear their uniforms properly and understand the standards for personal appearance.

PowerPoint Presentation: Information points will appear on mouse clicks.

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 21 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

Lesson Outline:

1. Quick Write/Motivation (5 min.)

2. Topics (40 min.)

a. What does the military uniform symbolize? b. What is the history of the uniform? c. How do you wear the Air Force uniform properly? d. What are the AFJROTC uniform standards? e. What are special team uniforms? f. What are the guidelines for cadet appearance and grooming? g. What are the insignia of grade?

3. Wrap-up (5 min.)

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 22 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

PART II

INTRODUCTION

ATTENTION The military uniform evolved over many centuries. It represents a long tradition of duty and service to one's country. There are rules and standards for wearing today's The Military Uniform and U.S. Air Force uniform and the Air Force Junior ROTC Appearance Standards uniform, including insignia of grade.

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1 1 Junior ROTC

MOTIVATION Today, you'll learn how to properly present yourself as a Motivation • From the ancient member of the U.S. Air Force Junior ROTC. You will learn Greeks to the Armed how to wear your uniform correctly and will review Forces today, the military uniform has guidelines for good grooming. You'll also learn to represented a long understand the grades and interesting insignia of the U.S. and honorable tradition of devotion Air Force. to one’s country.

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 2 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

Lesson Overview LESSON OVERVIEW • What does the military uniform symbolize? Today, we’ll cover the following topics: • What is the history of the uniform? • How do you wear the Air Force uniform a. What does the military uniform symbolize? properly? b. What is the history of the uniform? • What are the AFJROTC uniform standards? • What are special team uniforms? c. How do you wear the Air Force uniform properly? • What are the guidelines for cadet appearance d. What are the AFJROTC uniform standards? and grooming? • What are the insignia of grade? e. What are special team uniforms?

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 3 f. What are the guidelines for cadet appearance and Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance grooming? Standards g. What are the insignia of grade?

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 23 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

QUICK WRITE List the first three things you think of when you see a Quick Write person in uniform. Quick Write List the first three things you think of Ask volunteers to share their lists. Discuss the reasons why when you see a people wear uniforms. For example, wearing a uniform person in uniform. indicates a group's common roots or common interests (as for scout troops or police forces). Many people enjoy being part of a group that wears a uniform.

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 4 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

BODY

PRESENTATION

1. What does the military uniform symbolize? What does the military uniform symbolize? a. The military uniform is more than just clothes. • A public symbol of the nation’s defense forces • A long and honorable tradition of devoted service to country (1) It is a public symbol of the nation's defense • Should be worn proudly and properly • Key elements for wearing uniform: neatness, forces. cleanliness, safety, military image

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 5 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance (2) It represents a long and honorable tradition of Standards devotion to duty in service to one's country.

b. The military uniform should be worn proudly and properly.

(1) The way in which you wear the uniform reflects upon the U.S. Air Force.

(2) You must maintain a high standard of dress and personal appearance while wearing the uniform.

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 24 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

(3) The key elements for wearing the uniform are neatness, cleanliness, safety, and military image.

2. What is the history of the uniform? What is the history of the uniform? • Uniform combines Latin words unus and a. A uniform is a distinctive mode of dress. It forma to mean “one form.” comes from a combination of two Latin words, • Ancient Romans wore togas, a type of uniform. unus and forma, which means "one form." • Toga candida—worn by candidates for public office • Toga palmata—ceremonial toga • Toga praetexta—worn by emperors • Toga sordida—worn by lower classes, mourners, and people accused of crimes b. In ancient times, the Roman toga was a loose

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 6 outer garment worn by citizens appearing in Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards public.

(1) The toga candida was a white garment worn only by candidates for public office.

(2) The toga palmata was a fancy toga worn to ceremonial affairs.

(3) The toga praetexta was a white toga with a purple border and was worn by emperors. Varying sources also indicate that the toga praetexta was worn by young children until they reached the age of puberty or became married.

(4) The toga sordida was worn by the lower What is the history of the classes, mourners, and people accused of uniform? (cont’d) crimes. • The origin of the military uniform goes back to an early date in Western civilization. • Athenian and Spartan soldiers in Greece dressed according to position in military formations. • Heavy infantryman c. Athenian and Spartan soldiers dressed according • Light-foot soldier to their position in military formations during the Peloponnesian War in the fifth century B.C.

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 7 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 25 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

(1) A Greek heavy infantryman wore a helmet, breastplate, and armor covering the legs below the knee; he also carried a shield and sword.

(2) The light-foot soldier wore no armor and carried a lighter shield and a spear.

(3) These were military uniforms in the sense that all soldiers looked alike.

(4) Therefore, the origin of the military uniform is assigned to an early date in Western civilization. d. National armies with standardized uniforms became a reality during the Great Rebellion What is the history of the (1642–1646) in England, when the English uniform? (cont’d) • A national army with a standard uniform appeared Parliament decided to raise and support an in England during the Great Rebellion (1642–1646). • Red with colored facings to distinguish army. regiments • Adaptations of civilian dress • Units identified by colors and standards • Distinctive, colorful uniforms for troops serving (1) The English uniform was red with different- under wealthy people colored facings to distinguish regiments. • From this start, the military uniform evolved.

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 8 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

(2) The uniform styles were an adaptation of civilian dress and featured a coat, waistcoat, breeches, stockings, and shoes or boots.

(3) The use of colors and standards came to be the means to identify units.

(4) Troops serving under people who had personal fortunes were dressed by their wealthy leaders in distinctive and colorful uniforms.

(5) From this start, the military uniform evolved.

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 26 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

3. How do you wear the Air Force uniform properly? How do you wear the Air Force uniform properly? a. The AFJROTC uniform is the same, with • The AFJROTC uniform is the same, with certain exceptions, as that worn by active duty certain exceptions, as that worn by Air Force personnel. active duty Air Force personnel. • It is important to honor the uniform and to wear it properly.

(1) You are expected to honor the uniform—to Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 9 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance wear it properly and with pride. You represent Standards the corps.

(2) How you wear the uniform exposes you and the Air Force to praise or fault from fellow students and society at large.

b. Cadets may not wear the uniform while hitchhiking, in student demonstrations, for How do you wear the Air Force crowd control, during political events, or in any uniform properly? other inappropriate activity. • Cadets may not wear the uniform • While hitchhiking, in demonstrations, for crowd control, during political events • Cadets may wear the uniform c. Cadets may wear the uniform while acting as • While acting as ushers, parking lot ushers, parking lot attendants, runners, etc., at attendants, runners, or at discretion of SASI the discretion of the Senior Aerospace Science

Instructor (SASI). Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 10 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

d. Parts of the Hatch Act bar military personnel from engaging in any form of public political How do you wear the Air activity while in uniform. Force uniform properly? (cont’d) • Parts of the Hatch Act bar military personnel from engaging in any form of public political activity while in uniform. (1) This includes attending rallies and political • These activities include • Attending rallies and political speeches and passing out speeches or passing out flyers. fliers • Publicly supporting a political candidate, party, or political issue

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 11 (2) Military personnel are also prohibited from Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance publicly supporting a particular candidate, Standards party, or political issue when it is clear to others that they are members of the U.S. military.

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 27 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

(3) The intent of the law is to avoid the perception that any military official supports one political cause, candidate, or party over another.

(4) Members of the military, however, are actively encouraged to vote. How do you wear the Air Force uniform properly? (cont’d) • However, members of the military (5) They may place political bumper stickers on • Are encouraged to vote • May place political bumper stickers or signs their own vehicles and/or signs on their on own vehicles or private property private property. • Can participate in political events if not in uniform and if not identifying selves as military members

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 12 (6) They can participate in political events as long Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance as they are not in uniform and do not identify Standards themselves as military members.

(7) Since AFJROTC cadets wear a form of the Air Force uniform, they should also follow the Hatch Act terms while in uniform. e. Air Force Instruction (AFI) 36-2903, Dress and Personal Appearance of Air Force Personnel, How do you wear the Air forbids those in military uniform from Force uniform properly? participating in any public demonstration (cont’d) where it might be implied that the Air Force • Military personnel in uniform also cannot participate in events where it might be implied supports a particular cause. that the Air Force supports a particular cause. • Public speeches, rallies, interviews, picket lines, and marches • Activities that might imply Air Force endorsement of a commercial interest (1) These activities include public speeches, • Private employment rallies, interviews, picket lines, and marches. Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 13 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

(2) Engaging in an activity that might imply Air Force endorsement of a commercial interest or engaging in private employment while in uniform is also banned. f. No item of the Air Force uniform may be worn by members of groups that sponsor the AFJROTC.

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 28 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

(1) Cadet auxiliary societies may not create a special uniform that includes any item of the U.S. Air Force uniform.

(2) This includes school faculty and sponsors other than the SASI or the Aerospace Sciences Instructor (ASI).

4. What are the AFJROTC uniform standards?

a. Most Air Force Junior ROTC units have published information on the cadet uniform How do you wear the Air Force and how to wear it. uniform properly? (cont’d) • Most Air Force Junior ROTC units have published information on the cadet uniform and how to wear it. • These are usually based on three publications (see AFJROTC Cyber-Campus Web site): (1) These directives, handbooks, or regulations • AFI 36-2903: Dress and Personal Appearance of Air Force Personnel are usually based on three publications. These • AFJROTCI 36-2001: Air Force Junior ROTC Operations publications can be found on the AFJROTC • AFJROTC Uniform and Awards Guide Cyber-Campus Web site.

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 14 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards (a) AFI 36-2903: Dress and Personal Appearance of Air Force Personnel

(b) Air Force Junior ROTC Instruction (AFJROTCI) 36-2001: Air Force Junior ROTC Operations

b. Cadets have a responsibility to maintain all uniform items in a clean and orderly condition at all times.

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 29 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC c. The male service uniform consists of dark blue service coat and trousers; light blue, long- What are the AFJROTC sleeved shirt; and dark blue tie. uniform standards? • Service uniform for males • Dark blue service coat and trousers • Light blue, long-sleeved shirt d. The female service uniform consists of dark • Dark blue tie blue service coat with slacks or skirt, light blue • Service uniform for females • Dark blue service coat with slacks or skirt blouse, and tie tab. • Light blue blouse • Tie tab e. Other standards include the following: Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 15 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

(1) The coat will be form fitted, meaning that it must not be tight in the shoulder, chest, and What are the AFJROTC underarms. uniform standards? (cont’d) • Service uniform for both males and females • Form-fitting, properly fitting coat (2) Sleeve length should extend to one-quarter • Proper sleeve length inch from the heel of the thumb when the • Proper coat length arms are hanging naturally at the sides. • Properly fitted trousers or slacks

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 16 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards (3) The bottom of the coat should extend 3 to 3.5 inches below the top of the thigh.

(4) Trousers for males must be trim-fitted with no bunching at the waist or bagging in the seat.

(5) Slacks for female cadets should fit naturally over the hips, with no bunching or sagging in the seat.

(6) Trousers or slacks should rest at the top of the shoe with a slight break in the crease.

(7) Backs of trousers should be seven-eighths inch longer than the front.

(8) Proper length of the trousers or slacks can be determined while standing at attention.

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 30 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC f. Uniform do's

What are the AFJROTC uniform standards? (cont’d) (1) Do wear the standard Air Force uniform, as • Uniform do’s prescribed in AFI 36-2903, properly and with • Do wear the standard Air Force uniform properly. • Do wear the uniform on the day established by the pride. SASI (usually at least one day each week). • Do wear the uniform • At other times specified by the SASI • When you fly on military aircraft (2) Do wear the uniform on the day established by • When participating in color guard or drill team the SASI (usually at least one day each week). Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 17 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

(3) Do wear the uniform at other times specified by the SASI.

(4) Do wear the uniform when you fly on military aircraft.

(5) Do wear the uniform when you participate in a color guard or drill team.

What are the AFJROTC (6) Do keep your shoes polished and shined, uniform standards? (cont’d) • Do keep shoes polished and shined. including the heels and the edges of the soles. • Do wear shoes appropriate for the activity. • Do keep badges and other metallic devices clean and free of scratches and corrosion. (7) Do make sure your shoes are appropriate for the activity.

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 18 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards (8) Do ensure that badges, insignia, belt buckles, and other metallic devices are clean and free of scratches and corrosion. What are the AFJROTC uniform standards? (cont’d) • Do keep ribbons clean and replace them when they become worn, frayed, or faded. (9) Do keep ribbons clean and replace them when • If your unit is in a military high school, do they become worn, frayed, or faded. wear the distinctive uniform required by the institution for special occasions or ceremonies.

(10) If your unit is at a military high school, do

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 19 wear the distinctive uniform required by the Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance institution for special occasions and Standards ceremonies.

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 31 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

g. Uniform don'ts

What are the AFJROTC uniform standards (cont’d) (1) Don’t wear the Air Force commissioned officer • Uniform don’ts sleeve braid or the officer silver thread on flight • Don’t wear the Air Force commissioned officer sleeve braid or officer silver thread on caps. flight caps. • Don’t wear the uniform with other clothing. • Don’t lend your uniform to someone not a (2) Don’t wear the uniform with other clothing. member of AFJROTC program.

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 20 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards (3) Don’t lend your uniform to anyone who is not a member of the Air Force Junior ROTC program.

(4) Don’t allow articles such as wallets, pencils, What are the AFJROTC uniform pens, watch chains, checkbooks, standards? (cont’d) handkerchiefs, and combs to be visible. • Don’t allow articles such as wallets, pencils, pens, and combs to be visible. • Don’t wear earphones or headphones while in uniform, unless required by duty. (5) Don’t wear earphones or headphones while in • Don’t carry pagers or cell phones unless uniform, unless required for duty. required for duty.

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 21 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance (6) Don’t carry pagers or cell phones, unless Standards required for duty. (When required for duty, they must be clipped to the waistband or purse or be carried in the left hand when not in use.)

5. What are special team uniforms? What are special team uniforms? a. Color guards, honor guards, saber teams, and • Special teams are drill teams may wear additional uniform items • Color guards • Honor guards or wear a distinctive, yet conservative, uniform • Saber teams of military style. • Drill teams • Special teams may wear additional uniform items or wear a distinctive, yet conservative, uniform of military style. Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 22 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 32 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

b. Except for color cords, these items or uniforms are worn only when performing duty as a What are special team member of a specialized group. uniforms? • Except for color cords, these items or uniforms are worn only when performing duty as a member of a c. Greater latitude will be permitted in the design specialized group. of open competition drill team uniforms where • Greater latitude is permitted in design of the intent is to allow maximum flexibility and open competition drill team uniforms. freedom of movement in executing complex

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 23 drill routines. Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

(1) Units using this style of uniform would normally be expected to have their regulation uniform or a second, more conservative military style uniform for the inspection and regulation drill requirements found in most drill meets.

(2) Ascots are authorized for wear at the discretion of the SASI.

6. What are the guidelines for cadet appearance and What are the guidelines for grooming? cadet appearance and grooming? • Standards for wearing the uniform consist of four elements. a. Cadets in uniform are responsible for • Neatness presenting a neat, clean, and professional • Cleanliness military image. • Safety • Military image

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 24 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards b. Standards for wearing the uniform consist of four elements: neatness, cleanliness, safety, and military image.

What are the guidelines for c. Jewelry standards cadet appearance and grooming? (cont’d) • Jewelry standards • Cadets in uniform may wear (1) Cadets may wear a wristwatch and rings, but • A wristwatch • Rings, but no more than three at one time they may wear no more than three rings at one • A neat, conservative wrist bracelet no wider than time. one inch • Female cadets may wear conservative earrings. • Male cadets may not wear earrings. Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 25 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 33 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

(2) Cadets may also wear a wrist bracelet if it is neat and conservative. However, it must not distract from military image, must not be wider than one inch, and must not subject anyone to potential injury.

(3) Female cadets in uniform may wear earrings if the earrings are conservative and kept within sensible limits.

(4) Male cadets in uniform may not wear earrings. d. Eyeglasses or sunglasses What are the guidelines for cadet appearance and grooming? (cont’d) (1) Eyeglasses or sunglasses must have lenses and • Eyeglasses or sunglasses frames that are conservative; faddish or • Must have conservative frames and lenses mirrored lenses are prohibited. • Must not be faddish or have mirrored lenses • Cannot be worn around neck while in uniform (2) Neither eyeglasses nor sunglasses can be worn Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 26 around the neck while in uniform. Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards e. Tattoos or brands

What are the guidelines for cadet appearance and (1) Tattoos or brands anywhere on the body are grooming? (cont’d) • Tattoos or brands cannot be obscene or not allowed if they are obscene or if they advocate discrimination. advocate sexual, racial, ethnic, or religious • Excessive tattoos or brands will not be discrimination. exposed or visible while in uniform. • No objects may be displayed through nose, tongue, or any exposed body part.

(2) Excessive tattoos or brands will not be Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 27 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance exposed or visible while in uniform. Standards f. Body piercing and other attachments to body parts

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 34 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

(1) Cadets in uniform are not allowed to attach or display objects, articles, jewelry, or ornamentation to or through the ear, nose, tongue, or any exposed body part (including anything that might be visible through the uniform).

(2) Female cadets in uniform, however, are allowed to wear conservative earrings, pierced or clip style, in their earlobes. g. Specific female cadet guidelines What are the guidelines for cadet appearance and grooming? (cont’d) (1) Hair should be no longer than the bottom of • Specific female cadet guidelines the collar edge at the back of the neck. • Hair • No longer than bottom of collar edge at back of neck • Conservative style • Should look professional and allow headgear to (2) Hairstyle must be conservative. be worn properly • Must not be too full or high on head • Plain (if any) pins, combs, barrettes, etc. Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 28 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance (3) Hairstyle should look professional and allow Standards you to wear uniform headgear in the proper manner.

(4) Hair must not be too full or high on the head.

(5) Pins, combs, barrettes, and similar items must be plain.

(6) The length of the skirt may not vary beyond the top and bottom of the kneecap. What are the guidelines for cadet appearance and grooming? (cont’d) • Length of skirt may not vary beyond top and (7) The skirt should fit smoothly, should hang bottom of kneecap. naturally, and must not be excessively tight. • Skirt should fit smoothly, should hang naturally, and must not be excessively tight. • Hosiery must be worn with the skirt.

(8) Hosiery must be worn with the skirt. Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 29 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 35 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC h. Specific male cadet guidelines What are the guidelines for cadet appearance and (1) Hair must be kept clean, neat, and trimmed. grooming? (cont’d) • Specific male cadet guidelines: Hair • Must be clean, neat, and trimmed • Must not contain large amounts of grooming (2) It must not contain large amounts of grooming aids that remain visible in hair aids that remain visible in the hair. • Should not touch ears or eyebrows

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 30 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance (3) Hair should not touch the ears or eyebrows. Standards

(4) Only the closely cut or shaved hair on the back of the neck should touch the collar. What are the guidelines for cadet appearance and grooming? (cont’d) • Specific male cadet guidelines: Hair (5) Hair should not exceed 1¼ inches in bulk • Should not touch collar, except for closely cut or shaved hair on back of neck regardless of the length. Bulk is the distance • Should not exceed 1¼ inches in bulk regardless of that the hair projects from the scalp when length groomed (as opposed to length of hair).

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 31 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards (6) Bulk and length of hair must not interfere with wearing any Air Force headgear properly.

(7) Hair must not protrude below the front band of the headgear. What are the guidelines for cadet appearance and grooming? (cont’d) • Must not protrude below the front band of headgear (8) Hair must have a tapered appearance on both • Must have tapered appearance on sides and back • Must not have bulk or length that interferes with sides and back, both with and without wearing headgear properly headgear. • May not have foreign items attached • May have sideburns if they are straight, are of even width, and end in a clean, horizontal line • Must not have extreme or faddish styles or colors

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 32 (9) Hair may not contain or have attached to it Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance any visible foreign items. Standards

(10) Sideburns must be straight and of even width and end in a clean-shaven horizontal line; they may not extend below the lowest part of the outer ear opening.

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 36 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

(11) No extreme or faddish hairstyles or hair colors are allowed.

7. What are the insignia of grade?

What are the insignia of grade? a. Active duty insignia of grade • Active duty insignia of grade • An insignia is a badge or mark of office or honor. • The Air Force grade insignia system is broken down into two categories: (1) An insignia is a badge or mark of office or • Officer grades • Enlisted grades honor. Grade insignia identify the rank of each • Enlisted grades are subdivided into two categories: member of the Armed Forces. • Noncommissioned Officers (NCO) • Airman grades

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 33 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards (2) The Air Force grade insignia system is broken down into two categories: officer grades and enlisted grades. What are the insignia of grade? (cont’d) (3) Enlisted grades are subdivided into two categories: Noncommissioned Officers (NCO) and airman grades.

(4) Officer grades and insignia include Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 34 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

(a) Second Lieutenant, O-1—gold bar

What are the insignia of (b) First Lieutenant, O-2—silver bar grade? (cont’d)

(d) Major, O-4—gold leaf Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 35 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

(e) Lieutenant Colonel, O-5—silver leaf

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 37 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

(f) Colonel, O-6—silver eagle

(g) Brigadier General, O-7—one silver star

(h) Major General, O-8—two silver stars in a line

(i) Lieutenant General, O-9—three silver stars in a line

(j) General, O-10—four silver stars in a line

(5) Airman grades and insignia include What are the insignia of grade? (cont’d) (a) Airman Basic, E-1—no insignia

(b) Airman, E-2—chevron of one silver stripe with a silver star in the middle

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 36 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards (c) Airman First Class, E-3—chevron of two silver stripes with a silver star in the middle

(d) Senior Airman, E-4—chevron of three silver stripes with a silver star in the middle

(e) Staff Sergeant, E-5—chevron of four stripes

(f) Technical Sergeant, E-6—chevron with five stripes

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 38 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

(g) Master Sergeant, E-7—chevron of five stripes with one stripe in inverted position above the star

(h) Senior Master Sergeant, E-8—chevron of five stripes with two stripes in inverted position above the star

(i) Chief Master Sergeant, E-9—chevron of five stripes with three stripes in inverted position above the star

(6) Proper methods of address when speaking to officers are as follows: What are the insignia of grade? (cont’d) • Proper methods of address when speaking to (a) "Lieutenant" for a Second Lieutenant and officers • “Lieutenant” for a Second Lieutenant and a First a First Lieutenant Lieutenant • “Colonel” for either a Lieutenant Colonel or a Colonel • “General” for all generals (b) "Colonel" for either a Lieutenant Colonel • Use full titles for official correspondence.

or a Colonel Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 37 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

(d) Use full titles for official correspondence.

(7) Noncommissioned Officers What are the insignia of grade? (cont’d) (a) NCOs are airmen serving in the grade of • Noncommissioned Officers (NCOs) • Airmen serving in the grade of staff staff sergeant through chief master sergeant through chief master sergeant sergeant.

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 38 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 39 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

(b) NCOs play such an important role in troop leadership that there are five noncommissioned officer grade insignia.

(c) Address a Chief Master Sergeant as What are the insignia of "Chief." Address all other sergeants as grade? (cont’d) "Sergeant." Use full titles in official • Proper methods of address when speaking to correspondence. NCOs • “Chief” for a Chief Master Sergeant • “Sergeant” for all other sergeants (d) The inverted and curved chevron of • Use full titles in official correspondence. today's Air Force gives an appearance distinctive from that of the NCOs and Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 39 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance petty officers of other branches of the U.S. Standards Armed Forces.

What are the insignia of (e) The background of chevrons for NCOs is grade? (cont’d) blue, and the stripes are silver with a silver • Five Noncommissioned Officer grade insignias star in the center. • Inverted and curved chevron • Blue background of chevrons • Silver stripes with silver star in center • BDU insignia: dark blue stripes on green background with dark blue star (f) The subdued insignia worn on the BDU • First sergeants: diamond device above star on consists of dark blue stripes on a green chevrons background with a dark blue star. Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 40 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

(g) First sergeants wear a diamond device (which stands for a job position only) above the star on their chevrons.

What are the insignia of grade? (cont’d) (h) First sergeants may hold the rank of Master • First sergeants may hold the rank of Master Sergeant (MSgt), Senior Master Sergeant (MSgt), Senior Master Sergeant Sergeant (SMSgt), or Chief Master (SMSgt), or Chief Master Sergeant Sergeant (CMSgt). (CMSgt). • These top senior NCOs hold a position of trust and responsibility as the link between the commander and the unit personnel.

(i) These top senior NCOs hold a position of Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 41 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance trust and responsibility as the link between Standards the commander and the unit personnel.

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 40 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

(j) The first sergeant is responsible for What are the insignia of grade? (cont’d)(cont’d) • Responsibilities of first sergeants 1 Ensuring that all enlisted personnel • Ensuring that enlisted personnel know their commander's policies know their commander's policies • Representing the interests of enlisted personnel to the commander • Promoting enlisted personnel’s welfare, morale, and health • Maintaining discipline and standards of conduct • Providing guidance on leadership, military justice, 2 Representing the interests of enlisted and customs and courtesies personnel to the commander

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 42 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

3 Promoting enlisted welfare, morale, and health by working with base agencies on special issues

4 Assisting the commander in maintaining discipline and standards of conduct

5 Providing professional guidance on matters of leadership, military justice, and customs and courtesies

(k) The Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force (CMSAF) What are the insignia of grade? (cont’d)(cont’d) • The Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force (CMSAF) 1 Holds the highest position of any • Holds highest position of any enlisted personnel • Acts as personal advisor to Air Force Chief of enlisted personnel Staff and Secretary of the Air Force • Provides information about welfare, effectiveness, and progress of enlisted force 2 Acts as personal advisor to the Air Force

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 43 Chief of Staff and the Secretary of the Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Air Force Standards

3 Provides information about the welfare, effectiveness, and progress of the enlisted force

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4 Has a grade insignia of a chevron of eight stripes with a wreath around the bottom and sides of the star and the Great Seal of the United States of America with two stars in the upper left field

5 On October 24, 1966, Air Force Chief of Staff General John P. McConnell announced the creation of the position of Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force.

6 Position was created to add prestige to the NCO corps.

7 The first CMSAF was Chief Paul W. Airey.

(8) There are four Airman grades, as follows: What are the insignia of grade? (cont’d)(cont’d) • The four Airman grades (a) Airman Basic (AB) • Airman Basic (AB) • Airman (Amn) • Airman First Class (A1C) • Senior Airman (SrA) (b) Airman (Amn) • For enlisted grades, the pay grade is always one more than the number of stripes.

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 44 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance (c) Airman First Class (A1C) Standards

(d) Senior Airman (SrA)

(9) For enlisted grades, the pay grade is always one more than the number of stripes.

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 42 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC b. Air Force Junior ROTC insignia of grade What are the insignia of grade? (cont’d) (1) For officer grades, active duty grade insignia • Air Force Junior ROTC insignia of grade are very different from cadet grade insignia. • For officer grades, active duty grade insignia are very different from cadet grade insignia. • For enlisted grades, there are only slight differences between active duty insignia and (2) For enlisted grades, there are only slight Junior ROTC insignia. differences between active duty insignia and

Junior ROTC insignia. Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 45 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

(3) Cadet officer grade insignia:

What are the insignia of grade? (cont’d) (a) Cadet Second Lieutenant—chevron of one inverted stripe

(b) Cadet First Lieutenant—chevron of two inverted stripes

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 46 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards (c) Cadet Captain—chevron of three inverted stripes

(d) Cadet Major—chevron of one double- wide inverted stripe

(e) Cadet Lieutenant Colonel—chevron of two inverted stripes; one double-wide, one regular

(f) Cadet Colonel—chevron of three inverted stripes; one double-wide, two regular

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(4) Cadet enlisted grade insignia: What are the insignia of grade? (cont’d)(cont’d) • Cadet enlisted grade insignia (a) Cadet Airman—pointed chevron of 1 • Cadet Airman—pointed chevron of 1 stripe, stripe, with torch in the middle with torch in the middle • Cadet Airman First Class—pointed chevron of 2 stripes, with torch in the middle • Cadet Senior Airman—pointed chevron of 3 stripes, with torch in the middle (b) Cadet Airman First Class—pointed • Cadet Staff Sergeant—pointed chevron of 4 chevron of 2 stripes, with torch in the stripes, with torch in the middle

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 47 middle Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

(d) Cadet Staff Sergeant—pointed chevron of 4 stripes, with torch in the middle

(e) Cadet Technical Sergeant—pointed What are the insignia of grade? chevron of 5 stripes, with torch in the (cont’d)(cont’d) • Cadet Technical Sergeant—pointed chevron of 5 middle stripes, with torch in the middle • Cadet Master Sergeant—pointed chevron of 6 stripes, with one stripe inverted above the torch in the middle • Cadet Senior Master Sergeant—pointed chevron of 7 stripes, with two stripes inverted above the torch (f) Cadet Master Sergeant—pointed chevron in the middle of 6 stripes, with one stripe inverted above • Cadet Chief Master Sergeant—pointed chevron of 8 stripes, with three stripes inverted above the torch the torch in the middle in the middle

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 48 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards (g) Cadet Senior Master Sergeant—pointed chevron of 7 stripes, with two stripes inverted above the torch in the middle

(h) Cadet Chief Master Sergeant—pointed chevron of 8 stripes, with three stripes inverted above the torch in the middle

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(5) Cadets, like active duty personnel, may wear other insignia (badges). What are the insignia of grade? (cont’d) • Cadets, like active duty personnel, may also wear other insignia (6) There are also ribbons authorized for wear on (badges). the Air Force Junior ROTC uniform, as they • There are also ribbons authorized are awarded. for wear on the Air Force Junior ROTC uniform, as they are awarded.

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 49 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

What are the insignia of grade? (cont’d)

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What are the insignia of grade? (cont’d)

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Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 45 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

REVIEW

¾ The military uniform is the public symbol of our Lesson review nation's defense forces. • The military uniform is the public symbol of ¾ The military uniform evolved over many centuries. our nation's defense forces. ¾ It is important to know how to wear the Air Force • The military uniform evolved over centuries. • It is important to know how to wear the Air uniform properly. Force uniform properly. ¾ Certain restrictions apply to wearing the military • Certain restrictions apply to wearing the uniform. military uniform. ¾ The AFJROTC uniform is the same, with certain Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 52 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance exceptions, as that worn by active duty Air Force Standards personnel. ¾ Most AFJROTC units have published information on the cadet uniform and how to wear it. ¾ Special teams such as color guard, honor guard, and Lesson review (cont’d) saber teams may wear additional uniform items. • The AFJROTC uniform is similar to that ¾ Drill team uniforms allow for greater flexibility for of active duty Air Force personnel. completing complex drill routines. • Most AFJROTC units have published information on the cadet uniform and ¾ There are guidelines for appearance and grooming how to wear it. for both male and female cadets. • Special teams may wear additional ¾ The standards for wearing the uniform consist of uniform items. four elements: neatness, cleanliness, safety, and Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 53 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance military image. Standards ¾ Grade insignia identify the rank of each member of the Armed Forces. ¾ The Air Force grade insignia system is broken down into two categories: officer grades and enlisted Lesson review (cont’d) grades. • Drill team uniforms allow greater ¾ Enlisted grades are subdivided into two categories: flexibility for completing routines. • There are guidelines for appearance and Noncommissioned Officers (NCO) and airman grooming for male and female cadets. grades. • The standards for wearing the uniform are neatness, cleanliness, safety, and military image.

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 54 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

Lesson review (cont’d) • Grade insignia identify the rank of each member of the Armed Forces. • The Air Force grade insignia system is broken down into officer grades and enlisted grades. • Enlisted grades are subdivided into Noncommissioned Officers (NCO) and airman grades.

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Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 46 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

¾ For enlisted grades, JROTC cadet grade insignia and Air Force active duty grade insignia vary only Lesson review (cont’d) slightly. Lesson review (cont’d) ¾ For officer grades, JROTC cadet grade insignia and • For enlisted grades, JROTC cadet grade insignia and Air Force active duty grade Air Force active duty grade insignia are very insignia vary only slightly. different from each other. • For officer grades, JROTC cadet grade insignia and Air Force active duty grade insignia are very different from each other.

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Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 47 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

CONCLUSION

In this lesson, we discussed the following: 1. What does the military uniform symbolize? Summary 2. What is the history of the uniform? 3. How do you wear the Air Force uniform properly? • What does the military uniform symbolize? 4. What are the AFJROTC uniform standards? • What is the history of the uniform? 5. What are special team uniforms? • How do you wear the Air Force uniform 6. What are the guidelines for cadet appearance and properly? grooming? • What are the AFJROTC uniform 7. What are the insignia of grade? standards?

Introduction to Air Force Lesson 2, Chapter 1, The Military 57 Junior ROTC Uniform and Appearance Standards

Summary (cont’d) • What are special team uniforms? • What are the guidelines for cadet appearance and grooming? • What are the insignia of grade?

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REMOTIVATION The military uniform is a public symbol of the nation's defense forces. It should be worn proudly, and it should be worn properly.

CLOSURE We've learned about the military uniform and appearance standards for military personnel. Next, we’ll learn about the Next customs and courtesies for the Air Force Junior ROTC. Done— The military uniform and appearance standards Next— Customs and courtesies for Air Force Junior ROTC

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Checkpoints

Below are the answers to the questions at the end of Chapter 1, Lesson 2 in the student edition of Leadership Education I: Citizenship, Character and Air Force Tradition. These end-of-lesson questions are not assigned in the lesson plans or student workbooks. The answers are provided here in case you want to assign any of them in your classes, for homework, or if your students ask you about them. The answers are in the same order as the questions on page 33 of the student book.

1. Bulk is the distance that the hair projects from the scalp when groomed. P 24

2. Grade insignia is the identification of rank for each member of the Armed Forces. P 24

3. The two categories of the Air Force insignia system are officer grades and enlisted grades. P 24

4. The grade insignia for a Major is a gold leaf. The grade insignia for a Brigadier General is a silver star. The grade insignia for a Major General is two silver stars in a line. The grade insignia for a Captain is two connected silver bars. The grade insignia for a General is four silver stars in a line. The grade insignia for a Staff Sergeant is a chevron of four stripes. The grade insignia for a Master Sergeant is a chevron of five stripes with one stripe in inverted position above the star. The grade insignia for a Chief Master Sergeant is a chevron of five stripes with three stripes in inverted position above the star. There is no grade insignia for an Airman Basic. The grade insignia for a Senior Airman is a chevron of three stripes. P 26, 27, 29

5. First sergeants wear a diamond device above the star on their chevrons to distinguish them. P 26

6. First sergeants promote the welfare, morale, and health of enlisted personnel by working with base agencies on special issues. First sergeants help commanders maintain discipline and standards of conduct. They also provide professional guidance on matters of leadership, military justice, and customs and courtesies. P 26–27

7. The highest position held by any enlisted personnel is Chief Master Sergeant of the Air Force (CMSAF). P 27

8. The CMSAF position was created to add prestige to the NCO corps. The creation of this office, as well as the appointment of command chief master sergeants and the granting of more responsibility to all senior NCOs, represented the Air Force’s concrete recognition of the professionalism of its enlisted force, especially its NCOs. P 27–28

9. The grade insignia for a Cadet Second Lieutenant is a chevron of one inverted stripe. The grade insignia for a Cadet Captain is a chevron of three inverted stripes. The grade insignia for a Cadet Major is a chevron of one double-wide inverted stripe. The grade insignia for a Cadet Colonel is a chevron of three inverted stripes—one double-wide and two regular. The grade insignia for a Cadet Senior Airman is a chevron of three stripes. P 29, 30 NOTE: Question # 9 erroneously asks for a description of an Air Force Junior ROTC First Sergeant

Lesson Two, The Military Uniform and Appearance Standards 49 Chapter One, Introduction to Air Force Junior ROTC

device. Of course, this device is not authorized for AFJROTC, so please let your students know that they should ignore this part of that question when accomplishing the Checkpoints portion.

Applying Leadership Skills

10. Students’ responses should show their understanding of the appearance and grooming standards. They should be able to identify improvements they would like to make and write their goals for making these improvements. P 21–24

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