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Veterinary Science Animal Pathology and Clinical Aspects Gerardo Bailey Veterinary Science: Animal Pathology and Clinical Aspects Veterinary Science: Animal Pathology and Clinical Aspects Editor: Gerardo Bailey Academic Pages, 5 Penn Plaza, 19th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USA © Academic Pages, 2017 This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Copyright for all individual chapters remain with the respective authors as indicated. All chapters are published with permission under the Creative Commons Attribution License or equivalent. A wide variety of references are listed. Permission and sources are indicated; for detailed attributions, please refer to the permissions page and list of contributors. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the authors, editors and publisher cannot assume any responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. ISBN: 978-1-9789-2980-7 The publisher’s policy is to use permanent paper from mills that operate a sustainable forestry policy. Furthermore, the publisher ensures that the text paper and cover boards used have met acceptable environmental accreditation standards. Copyright of this ebook is with Academic Pages, rights acquired from the original print publisher, Callisto Reference. Trademark Notice: Registered trademark of products or corporate names are used only for explanation and identification without intent to infringe. Cataloging-in-Publication Data Veterinary science : animal pathology and clinical aspects / edited by Gerardo Bailey. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-9789-2980-7 1. Veterinary medicine. 2. Veterinary pathology. 3. Animals--Diseases. 4. Veterinary clinical pathology. I. Bailey, Gerardo. SF615 .V48 2017 636--dc23 Table of Contents Preface...................................................................................................................................... IX Chapter 1 Validation of Screening Method for Determination of Methyltestosterone in Fish.................................................................................................... 1 Uzunov Risto, Hajrulai-Musliu Zehra, Stojanovska-Dimzoska Biljana, Dimitrieska-Stojkovic Elizabeta, Todorovic Aleksandra and Stojkovski Velimir Chapter 2 Pudendal Nerve Block in Male Goats: Comparison of Ischiorectal Fossa and Ischial Arch Approaches using Low Volume 1% Lignocaine Hydrochloride.....................................................................................................6 Mujeebur Rehman Fazili, Nida Handoo, Mohd Younus Mir and Beenish Qureshi Chapter 3 Preliminary Investigation of the Possibility for Implementation of Modified Pharmacopoeial Hplc Methods for Quality Control of Metronidazole and Ciprofloxacin in Medicinal Products used in Veterinary Medicine.............................................................................................................11 Marjan Piponski, Tanja Bakovska, Marina Naumoska, Tatjana Rusevska, Gordana Trendovska Serafimovska and Hristina Andonoska Chapter 4 Presence of Trypanosome Species and Anemic Status of Dogs in Zuru, Nigeria .......................................................................................................................... 23 Rafi Rabecca Tono, Olufemi Oladayo Faleke, Abdullahi Alhaji Magaji, Musbaudeen Olayinka Alayande, Akinyemi Olaposi Fajinmi and Emmanuel Busayo Ibitoye Chapter 5 High Yielding Dairy Cows: to Produce or to Reproduce and what Practitioners should know about this to Help their Clients............................... 29 Opsomer Geert Chapter 6 Development and Validation of Confirmatory Method for Analysis of Nitrofuran Metabolites in Milk, Honey, Poultry Meat and Fish by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry............................................39 Fatih Alkan, Arzu Kotan and Nurullah Ozdemir Chapter 7 The Effects of L-Carnitine in Budd-Chiari Syndrome in a Domestic Cat .......................................................................................................................47 Aliye Sağkan Öztürk, Nuri Altuğ, Serkan İrfan Köse and Oktay Hasan Öztürk ___________________WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ___________________ VI Contents Chapter 8 Practical use of Registered Veterinary Medicinal Products in Macedonia in Identifying the Risk of Developing of Antimicrobial Resistance.....................................................................................................52 Velev Romel and Krleska-Veleva Natasa Chapter 9 Light and Transmission Electron Microscopical Changes Associated with Leiurus Quinqestriatus Venom in Rabbits..............................................................60 Salah H. Afifi, Reham El-Kashef, A. Sh. Seddek and Diefy A. Salem Chapter 10 Myxomatous Mitral Valve Disease in Dogs - An Update and Perspectives ............................................................................................................................ 67 Aleksandra Domanjko Petrič Chapter 11 Study of the Effects of Breed on some Innate Immunity Parameters in Rams...............................................................................................................75 Genova Krasimira, Dimitrova Ivona, Stancheva Nevyana, Angelov Geno, Nakev Jivko, Mehmedov Tandju and Georgieva Svetlana Chapter 12 Optimization, Validation and Application of UV-VIS Spectrophotometric-Colorimetric Methods for Determination of Trimethoprim in Different Medicinal Products............................................................. 80 Goran Stojković, Elizabeta Dimitrieska-Stojković, Marija Soklevska and Romel Velev Chapter 13 Factors Affecting Fin Damage of Farmed Rainbow Trout ............................................ 92 Aleksandar Cvetkovikj, Miroslav Radeski, Dijana Blazhekovikj- Dimovska, Vasil Kostov and Vangjel Stevanovski Chapter 14 Influence of Metabolic Cage on Wistar Rat Physiological State............................... 103 Judita Zymantiene, Rasa Zelvyte, Vaidas Oberauskas and Ugne Spancerniene Chapter 15 Microbiological Properties and Chemical Composition of Macedonian Traditional White Brined Cheese............................................................. 109 Mojsova Sandra, Jankuloski Dean, Sekulovski Pavle, Angelovski Ljupco, Ratkova Marija and Prodanov Mirko Chapter 16 Investigations on Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia Coli (Ehec) among Dairy Farms in the North Part of the Republic of Bulgaria....................................................115 Valentina Urumova, Mihni Lyutzkanov and Vladimir Petrov Chapter 17 Fatal Snake Bite in a Brown Bear (Ursus Arctos L.)......................................................124 Romel Velev, Toni Tankoski and Maja Tankoska ___________________WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ___________________ Contents VII Chapter 18 The Dynamics of Biochemical Parameters in Blood of Clinically Healthy Holstein Cows from Day 5 before to Day 60 after Calving ......................................................................................................................... 129 Irena Celeska, Aleksandar Janevski, Igor Dzadzovski, Igor Ulchar and Danijela Kirovski Chapter 19 Canine Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Aggregates As A Viable Substitute To Actual Canine Dermal Papillae...............................................................134 Sohee Bae, Jina Kim, Li Li, Aeri Lee, Hyunjoo Lim, Junemoe Jeong, Seung Hoon Lee, Oh-kyeong Kweon and Wan Hee Kim Chapter 20 Tick Population in Goats And Sheep In Šabac............................................................. 141 Ivan Pavlović, Snežana Ivanović, Aleksandar Dimitrić, Mensur Vegara, Ana Vasić, Slavica Živković and Bojana Mijatović Chapter 21 First Results From Insemination with Sex-Sorted Semen In Dairy Heifers in Macedonia..............................................................................................148 Ljupche Kochoski, Zoran Filipov, Ilcho Joshevski, Stevche Ilievski and Filip Davkov Chapter 22 Free-Roming Dogs Control Activities in one Italian Province (2000-2013): Is the Implemented Approach Effective? ................................ 153 Shanis Barnard, Matteo Chincarini, Lucio Di Tommaso, Fabrizio Di Giulio, Stefano Messori and Nicola Ferri Chapter 23 Clinical Testing of Combined Vaccine Against Enzootic Pneumonia in Industrial Pig Farming in Bulgaria ....................................................... 163 Roman Pepovich, Branimir Nikolov, Ivo Sirakov, Krasimira Genova, Kalin Hristov, Elena Nikolova, Radka Hajiolova and Boika Beltova Chapter 24 Joint Diseases in Animal Paleopathology: Veterinary Approach..............................170 Oliver Stevanović, Maciej Janeczek, Aleksander Chrószcz and Nemanja Marković Chapter 25 Effects of Experimental Trypanosoma Congolense Infection on Sperm Morphology in Yankasa Rams.............................................................................178 Oluyinka O. Okubanjo, Victor O. Sekoni, Ologunja J. Ajanusi and Adewale A. Adeyeye Chapter 26 Observation of Physiological Changes After Detomidine Administration in Pateri Goat...........................................................................................184 Ahmed Tunio, Shamasuddin Bughio, Jam Kashif Sahito, Muhammad Ghiasuddin Shah, Mahdi Ebrahimi and Shazia Parveen Tunio ___________________WORLD TECHNOLOGIES ___________________ VIII Contents Chapter 27 Assessment of Reagent Effectiveness and Preservation Methods for Equine Faecal Samples................................................................................189
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  • 2-Amino-1,3,4-Thiadiazoles in Leishmaniasis

    2-Amino-1,3,4-Thiadiazoles in Leishmaniasis

    Review Future Prospects in the Treatment of Parasitic Diseases: 2‐Amino‐1,3,4‐Thiadiazoles in Leishmaniasis Georgeta Serban Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 29 Nicolae Jiga, 410028 Oradea, Romania; [email protected]; Tel: +4‐0756‐276‐377 Received: 22 March 2019; Accepted: 17 April 2019; Published: 19 April 2019 Abstract: Neglected tropical diseases affect the lives of a billion people worldwide. Among them, the parasitic infections caused by protozoan parasites of the Trypanosomatidae family have a huge impact on human health. Leishmaniasis, caused by Leishmania spp., is an endemic parasitic disease in over 88 countries and is closely associated with poverty. Although significant advances have been made in the treatment of leishmaniasis over the last decade, currently available chemotherapy is far from satisfactory. The lack of an approved vaccine, effective medication and significant drug resistance worldwide had led to considerable interest in discovering new, inexpensive, efficient and safe antileishmanial agents. 1,3,4‐Thiadiazole rings are found in biologically active natural products and medicinally important synthetic compounds. The thiadiazole ring exhibits several specific properties: it is a bioisostere of pyrimidine or benzene rings with prevalence in biologically active compounds; the sulfur atom increases lipophilicity and combined with the mesoionic character of thiadiazoles imparts good oral absorption and good cell permeability, resulting in good bioavailability. This review presents synthetic 2‐amino‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole derivatives with antileishmanial activity. Many reported derivatives can be considered as lead compounds for the synthesis of future agents as an alternative to the treatment of leishmaniasis. Keywords: 2‐amino‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole; neglected tropical diseases; protozoan parasites; Leishmania spp.; antileishmanial activity; inhibitory concentration 1.