Stride-Madison House HABS No. PA-1073 429 Spruce Street M ''\'c3 Philadelphia County Vj\ Sl'pRlLA

PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA

•

Historic American Buildings Survey National Park Service Eastern Office, Design and Construction 143 South Third Street m Philadelphia* Pennsylvania HISTORIC AMERICAN BUILDINGS SURW HABS No. PA-1073 HA.BS STRIDE-MADISON HOUSE PA 51-Pmuv Address: 429 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Philadelphia County. Pennsylvania.[also numbered 115 Spruce Street prior to mid-nineteenth century] Present Owner Margaret M. Walsh, 429 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, and Occupant: Pennsylvania.

Present Use: Private single residence,

Statement of A Philadelphia row house of the late l&th century Significance: where James Madison, Jr., Fourth President of the , and his wife resided fzom November 1795 until June 1796 while he was a member of the House of Representatives.

PART I. HISTORICAL INFORMATION

A. Physical History

1. Original and subsequent owners:

Grantor GRANTEE

3/5/1791 James Ash, Esq. Joseph Stride, painter High Sheriff and glazier from estate of Robert Smith for 70 pounds 2 adjoining lots marked (Bk C 202 C. P.) in a certain plan of the Div of the estate of Rot Smith No 29 (429 Spruce) and No 30 (431 Spruce) NO. 29: Frt 19'6" D 102"

4/4/1795 Joseph Stride, painter James Gamble, mariner and glazier

above 2 lots with a 3 for 200 pounds current sty bk Messuage on gold and silver No 29 (D 53 6)

7/14/1795 James Gamble, mariner John Swanwick, merchant

for 300 pounds

(D 47 257) STRIDK^/iaDISON HOUSE H/iBS No. PA-1073 (Page 2)

8/1/1796 John SwamnLck, merchant Francis Breuil» gentleman

for 300 pounds

(D 59 98)

4/24/1806 Francis Breuil, Godfrey Haga, merchant merchant John Boiler, merchant

2 3 sty bk mess: for $12,000 429 and 431 Spruce St. plus another 3 story mess—433 Spruce (SF 23 306)

9/1/1806 Godfrey Haga, merchant John W. Foussatt, merchant Hannah h/w John Boiler, merchant for $14,000 Catherine h/w (EF 25 163) above 3 mess, 7/3/1812 John W« Foussatt, John Dubarry, merchant merchant by Attny John B. for $12,000 Foussatt (IC 19 471) m above 3 hk mess. 11/9/1812 John Dubarry, merchant John B. Foussatt, Sophia h/w merchant

above 3 bfc mess. for $12,000

(IC 26 155)

11/10/1812 Henry Pratt, gentleman John B. Foussatt, Christopher Marshall, merchant gentleman for $66.47 to H. Pratt the right of privilege for $133-33 to C. Marshall of strip of ground Frt N & S 4-1/2" D 58-1/2 * (IC 26 165)

6/27/1814 John B. Foussatt, John Dubarry, merchant merchant for $5000 mort monies 3 lots and 3 hk mess. plus $7000 (429, 431, and 433 Spruce) (IC 29 744)

2/27/18X7 John Dubarry, merchant William Miller, merchant Sophia h/w for $5000 mort debt above 3 bk mess plus $9100 (MR 16 198) STRIDE-MADISON HOUSE HABS No. PA-1073 (Page 3)

4/16/1&24 John Douglass, Esq. John Moss > gentleman High Sheriff from William Miller for $1000 and subject to balance of $3000 of 429 Spruce St preras $5000 mort debt

(D 267 C.P.)

10/24/1835 John Moss, gentleman Ge.orge H. Burg in., M.D. Rebecca h/w for $5500 above prems (AM 70 200)

3/13/1871 Sst of George H.Burgin Marianne Burgin*

5/16/1390 Marianne B. Woodward, John Garitee* formerly a widow

7/17/1910 William D. Garitee Harry Briskman* ex of will of John Garitee

6/19/1916 Harry Briskman Jflorris Feitelson Dora h/w William 0. Feitelson*

1/16/1934 William 0, Feitelson William 0. Feitelson* ex for Anna Feitelson

6/23/59 William 0. Feitelson Philadelphia Redevelopment Authority by Condemnation

10/17/62 Philadelphia Redevelopment Margaret M. Walsh Authority

* Information obtained from record of transfer, Registry Unit, Department of Records, plan 2 S 7, lot 16.

2. Date of erection: c. 1791.

3* Architect, builder: Unknown.

4. Original plans, construction, etc.: The Philadelphia Contributionship for the Insurance of Houses from Loss by Fire, policy #5243 (survey destroyed) dated June 14, 1#37: "George H. Burgin, a house situate [sic] on the North side of Spruce Street between 4th & 5th Streets, being IB 1/2 ft. front, 34 ft deep, Piazsa 8 by 10 ft 3 storys high, sitting room 13 by 17 ft, 2 storys high, kitchen 12 by 13 ft. one story high. A shop back of the above 1$ 1/2 by 15 ft. 2 1/2 storys high, with liberty of any one extra risk. Edw. Penington" STRIDE-MADISON HOUSE HABS No. PA-1073 (Page 4)

The front portion of the house probably dated from c. 1791. Joseph Strides! tax assessments for 1789 and 1791 mention the tax assessment in 1793 for two dwellings and lots. . .is 800 pounds. Whether this reflects the building of the front portion of 429 Spruce Street or of 431 Spruce Street, improvements to the existing struc- tures , or merely increased evaluation is not certain. John Swanwick in a letter to James Madison, Jr. describes the house in June 1795 as ". . . a Neat & good Brick three Story House with two Rooms & a kitchen on a Floor good Yard Coach House & Stables behind & not far distant from Congress Hall, ..." The additions of a two-story piazza, a back portion with sitting room, etc. probably date from the early part of the 19th century.

5. Notes on alterations and additions: Before renovation in 1962, the structure had been used in the early 20th century for commercial purposes, such as "Hickey's Oyster and Chop House" (with a glass store front) and "M. Feitelson & Sons" (cotton and woolen rag storehouse from 1916 to 1939). A major fire gutteu the interior In 1917 and double shop doors were added during this period. The rear portion of the house was removed in 1961 and the present floor plan evolved to incorporate modern conveniences.

* 6. Important old views: Photograph of 429 Spruce Street, showing half of 427 Spruce Street and all of the facade of 431 Spruce Street with sign over shop front at 429— "Hickey's Oyster and Chop House" (undated), Life and Letters of Dolly Madison, page 53.

Historical Events Connected with the Structure: Following is a brief history prepared by Independence National Histor- ical Park: "From November 1795 until June 1796 James and Dolley Madison resided at No, 429 Spruce Street. During this period Madison, a member of the House of Representatives which held its sessions in Congress Hall, was 'the opposition leader.1"

He served as a representative from the state of Virginia from 1789 to 1797.

"In the fall of 1794 James Madison married Dolley Payne Todd, a widow, of Philadelphia. Two months later the Madisons returned from Virginia to the federal capital (Philadelphia) for the second session of the Third Congress. At that time they rented a dwelling which James Monroe had lived in during the previous session of Congress. (The location of this structure is not known). When Congress adjourned in March 1795, the Madisons again departed for Virginia. STRIDE-MADISON HOUSE HABS No. PA-1073 (Page 5)

"Well in advance of their return for the Fourth Congress in November of that year, John Swanwick, a Philadelphia merchant and also a member of the House, acting on Madison's behalf leased 429 Spruce Street for one year. They occupied the premises until June of the following year."

C. Sources of Information

Clark, Allen G. Life and Letters of Dolly Madison. V/ashington, D.C.: W. F. Roberts Company, 1914- p. 53.

The Philadelphia Directory. 1791 & 1793.

Swanvdck, John. Papers of John Swanwick to James Madison, Jr., June 14 - July 26, 1795. Historical Society of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. (See Supplemental Material— Part IE).

Stephens, Thomas. Stephens' Philadelphia Directory for 1796. Philadelphia: Thomas Stephens, 1796 (?).

Tax and Assessment Books, Philadelphia, Dock Ward, 1789, 1791, 1793-94? 1796, 1800-01 [Tax entries for Captain (James) Gamble, Joseph Stride, John Swanwick]. Historical Society of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,

D. Likely Sources Not Yet Investigated:

Dolly Madison Collection, Library of Congress, Washington, D. C, 13 volumes.

James Madison Papers, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.

E. Supplemental Material

Letter of John Swanwick to James Madison, Jr., John Swanwick Collection, Historical Society of Pennsylvania; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania:

Swanwick Jr. Philad. June 14> 1795

Dear Sir

I have Received your very esteemed favour of the 7 Ins and have in consequence immediately applied to the MC James Gamble the Proprietor of the House in Spruce Street which I had in View to take for you & who very kindly had Reserved it at my Request. I have Just been with him to View it — it is a Neat & good Brick three Story Bouse with two Rooms and a Kitchen on a Floor good Yard Coach House & Stables behind and not far distant from Congress Hall being in Spruce Street between 4 & 5 Streets next door's Where M£ Anthony Butler formerly lived — M? Gamble agrees to paint Paper Whitewash STRIDS-MADISON HOUSE HABS No. PA-1073 (Page 6)

& clean it so as to make it perfectly fit for a tenant & he consents that the Rent of £200 a Year Shall Commence only from the first of August next — to December there are it is time four Months — but it is profitble I may be able to find a Tenant for the intermediate time but if not I really do not know how you can do better than to secure this House at a time when Rents are every where Rapidly ad- vancing and Houses in general so Scarce as to be very difficult to be procured — hearing daily complaints on the Score which will probably encrease in proportion as the Winter draws nearer — & the Crowds flock more towards the Metropolis —■ ME Gamble is good enough to say he will keep for me the House Still untill I have your Answer altho he could directly Rent it to others on the same terms he asks from me — You will therefore be good enough to let me know your determination early as may be

Hoping soon to have the pleasure again to hear from you I Remain with much Esteem

Your Sincere Friend

&hble Ser

JSwanwick

# James Madison Jun£ Esq. Orange Court House

Virginia

PART IX. ARCHITECTURAL INFORMATION

A. General Statement

1. Architectural character: An attractive example of a restored and renovated Philadelphia row house of the Federal Period.

2. Condition of fabric: Good; completely renovated interior and rear portion, partially restored front facade.

B. Description of Exterior

1. Number of stories, bays, over-all dimensions, layout: Three-and-half stories plus basement in front portion; three-bay front; main section 17*-7" wide x 32*-2 i/2" deep; rectangular shape. STRIDE-r&lDISON HOUS^l I1ABS No. PA~1073 (Page 7)

2. Foundations; Large rubblestone set in mortar, now white- washed ,

3. Y/all construction: Red brick, Flemish "bond; two separate single row brick string courses between second and third floor windows. First floor front wall new construction in brick; rear brick wall new construction.

4. Bulkheads: A new bulkhead replaces old one indicated by opening in south basement wall.

5. Chimneys: Brick chimney foundation on west wall basement (front) indicates former fireplaces abovs.

6. Openings:

a. Doorways and doors: New doorways and doors through- out,

b. Windows: New sash throughout. Old v/ooden window frames in second, third and attic (dormer) floors, front.

7. Roof:

a. Shape, covering: Gable roof; new roof surface and roof boards, old rafters.

b. Cornice: New cornice.

c. Dormers: One front dormer with twelve-over-six- light, double-hung v/ooden sash (semicircular window head); one .rear dormer, six-over-six-light, double- hung v/ooden sash,

C. Description of Interior

1. Floor plans: The interior was gutted by a major fire in 1917. New Floor plans throughout have been incorporated by the present owner,

2. Stairways: New stairways throughout.

3. Flooring: New flooring throughout—several old floor joists (4" wide, exposed) used under new first floor along with new floor joist.

4. Wall and ceiling finish: New walls and ceilings through- out.

5. Doorways and doors: New doorways and doors throughout. STRIDE-MADISON HOUSE HaBS No. PA 1073 (Page S)

6. Trim: New woodwork and mantels* based on samples from house before renovation. A wooden mantel with gougework and human grotesques with a Pennsylvania marble surround to the opening is located in first floor rear west wall,

7. Hardware: New hardware throughout *

S. Lighting: Now electric fixtures throughout.

9. Heating: Hot air heating throughout.

D. Site

1. Orientation: One of a series of row houses on the north side of Spruce Street (which runs east-west). Street sidewalk contiguous with front wall of house.

2. Landscaping^ enclosures: New garden to the rear en- closed in garden wall which extends to Marshall's Court.

*N0TE: "Marble came from James iimmot Caldwell House, corner of Morris and Lafayette Roads, Bryn Mawr; Pennsylvania (built c. 1900j demolished I960)" according to present owner.

Prepared by William B. Bassettj Architectural Historian National Park Service July 1964.