Initial Environmental Examination
Document stage: Draft Project Number: 42486-016 April 2018
IND: Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Program – Subproject of Sewerage Improvement in Sanawad Town
Package No: MPUSIP-2H
Prepared by Project Management Consultant, Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company, Government of Madhya Pradesh for the Asian Development Bank.
This initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. Your attention is directed to the ‘terms of use’ section on ADB’s website.
In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Draft Initial Environmental Examination
April 2018
IND: Madhya Pradesh Urban Services ImprovementProgram–Subproject of Sewerage Improvement in Sanawad Town
Prepared by Project Management Consultant, Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company, Government of Madhya Pradesh for the Asian Development Bank
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
CURRENCYEQUIVALENTS (as of 1 April 2018) Currencyunit – Conversion INR1.00 = $.0.015 $1.00 = INR 66.00 Abbreviations AC – Asbestos Cement ADB – Asian Development Bank ASI – Archeological Survey of India ASO – Assistant Safeguards Officer CFE – Consent for Establishment CFO – Consent for Operation CPCB Central Pollution Control Board EA – Executing Agency EAC – Expert Appraisal Committee EC – Environmental Clearance EHS – Environmental Health & Safety EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment EMP – Environmental Management Plan; ESR – Elevated Service Reservoir GOI – Government of India GOMP – Government of Madhya Pradesh IA – Implementing Agency IEE – Initial Environmental Examination; LPCD – Liters per Capita per Day MLD – Million Liters per Day MOEF – Ministry of Environment and Forest MPPCB – Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board MPUDC – Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company MPS – Main Pumping Station NOC – No Objection Certificate PE – Polyethylene PHED – Public Health Engineering Department PIU – Project Implementation Unit; PMC – Project Management Consultant PMU – Project Management Unit PO – Project Officer PPTA – Project PreparatoryTechnical Assistance PWD – Public Works Department REA – Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist RoW – Right of Way SEIAA – State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority SNP - Sanawad Nagar Parishad SPS – Safeguard Policy Statement, 2009 UDED – Urban Development & Environment Department ULB – Urban Local Body WHO – World Health Organization STP – Sewage Treatment Plant SBR – Sequence Batch Reactor
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
OC Degree Celsius km kilometre lpcd litres per capita per day mm millimeter m metre MLD million litres per day mm millimetre Nos. Numbers sq.km Square Kilometer
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
TABLE OF CONTENTS I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...... 10 II. INTRODUCTION ...... 16 A. Background ...... 16 C. Report Structure ...... 17 III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT ...... 18 A. Project Area ...... 18 B. Existing Water Supply, Sewerage and Storm Water DrainageSystem ...... 19 C. Proposed Project ...... 25 IV. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK ...... 54 A. ADB Policy ...... 54 B. National Environmental Laws ...... 54 V. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT ...... 61 A. Methodology Used for Baseline Study ...... 61 B. Physical Resources ...... 61 C. Ecological Resources ...... 74 D. Economic Development ...... 74 E. Socio Cultural Resources ...... 79 F. Subproject Site Environmental Features ...... 80 ...... 84 VI. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ...... 89
A. Pre-Construction Impacts – Design & Location ...... 89 B. Construction Impacts ...... 96 B. Operation and Maintenance Impacts ...... 107 VII. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE ...... 112 A. Overview ...... 112 B. Public Consultation ...... 112 C. Information Disclosure ...... 118 VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM ...... 119 A. Project Specific Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 119 B. Purpose of the GRM Manual: ...... 119 C. Principles: ...... 119
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
(a) Accessibility ...... 119 (b) Predictability ...... 119 (c) Transparency ...... 120 (d) Credibility ...... 120 (e) Fairness ...... 120 (f) Feedback ...... 120 D. Nature and scope of Grievance Redress Mechanism under MPUSIP ...... 120 E. Structure of GRM and its Functions ...... 120 F. Process of Grievance Redress Mechanism ...... 123 G. Monitoring and Evaluation systems of GRM ...... 127 H. Action Plan for the formation of the GRM...... 128 IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN ...... 129 A. Environmental Management Plan ...... 129 B. Implementation Arrangements ...... 164 C. Training Needs ...... 167 D. Monitoring and Reporting ...... 168 E. EMP Implementation Cost ...... 168 X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ...... 172 List of Tables
Table 1: Details of Sewage Zones ...... 26
Table 2: Sewage Generation ...... 26
Table 3: Zone Wise Sewage Generation ...... 26
Table 4: Proposed Sewerage Subproject Components in Sanawad Town ...... 30
Table 5: Details of Manhole, Numbers, Sizes Types & Materials ...... 33
Table 6: Details of Pumping Main ...... 33
Table 7: Details of Road Width Manhole to Mahole ...... 33
Table 8: Proposed Pumping Station Details ...... 36
Table 9: Proposed Pumping Machinaries ...... 36
Table 10: Details of Available Land ...... 36
Table 11: Details of Depth Wise Length of sewer ...... 37
Table 12: Details of Diameter Wise Depth & Trench Excavation Width of Sewer...... 37
Table 13: Table: Land Requirements for a Sample of Treatment options ...... 43 5
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Table 14: Applicable Environmental Regulations ...... 55
Table 15: Effluent Disposal Standards of STPs Applicable to All Modes of Disposal ...... 57
Table 16:Standards for Sludge Reuse as Manure ...... 58
Table 17: WHO Ambient AirQuality Guidelines ...... 60
Table 18: World Bank Group’s EHS Noise Level Guidelines ...... 60 Table 19: River Water Quality Guidelines for Bathing ...... 68
Table 20:- Details of the Water Quality in River Narmada Near Sanawad ...... 70
Table 21: Depth & Quality of Ground Water of Khrgone District ...... 71
Table 22:- Land Use Category of Sanawad Town ...... 75
Table 23: Present Water Supply for Sanawad Town ...... 77
Table 24: Work- force distribution of the town ...... 79
Table 25:-Site Environmental Features - Sanawad ...... 81
Table 26: Details of Road Network ...... 102
Table 27: Proposed Design Effluent Values for STP and Discharge Standards of MoEFCC ...... 107
Table 28: Standards for Sludge Reuse as Manure ...... 109
Table 29: Summary of Consultation ...... 112
Table 30 : Design Stage Environmental Management Plan ...... 130
Table 31: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Pre- Construction ...... 134
Table 32: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Construction ...... 138
Table 33: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Operation .. 158
Table 34: Environmental Monitoring Plan– Pre Constrction and Construction ...... 160 Table 35: Environmental Monitoring Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Operation ...... 162 Table 36: Outline Capacity Building Program on EMP Implementation ...... 167
Table 37: Cost Estimates to Implement the EMP ...... 169 List of Figures
Figure 1: Aerial Imagery of Sanawad Town ...... 18
Figure 2: Location of Sanawad Town in MP ...... 19
Figure 3: Water Supply Map of the City ...... 21
Figure 4: Existing Drain in Sanawad Town ...... 22 6
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 5: Photographs of Maura Nala...... 23
Figure 6:Photographs of Bakud River ...... 23
Figure 7: Meeting Point of Maurya Nala into Bakud River ...... 23
Figure 8: Existing Drainage Map of Sanawad Town ...... 24
Figure 9: Steps for Planning Septage Management in Zone-4, Sanawad Town ...... 28
Figure 10: Location Map of Subproject Town Sanawad ...... 29
Figure 11:Type & Width of Trench ...... 38
Figure 12: Contour Plan of Sanawad Town ...... 39
Figure 13: Proposed Sewerage Zone Plan of Sanawad Town ...... 40
Figure 14: Proposed Sewerage Network Plan for Sanawad Town ...... 41
Figure 15:- Final outfall from STP into Maurya Nala Shown on Google Map ...... 42
Figure 16 :- GAD of Pumping Station for Sanawad Town ...... 43
Figure 17:- Typical Details of Manhole ...... 44
Figure 18:- Details of House Connection Chamber ...... 44
Figure 19:- Process Flow Diagram of STP at Sanawad Town (SBR Technology) ...... 46
Figure 20: Layout Plan of STP/GA Drawing of 5.58 MLD STP-Sanawad (SBR Technology) ...... 47
Figure 21:Sludge Sump of 5.58 MLD- Sanawad ...... 48
Figure 22:- Gravity Sludge Thickener of 5.58 MLD in Sanawad ...... 48
Figure 23: Thickened Sludge Sump of 5.58 MLD in Sanawad ...... 49
Figure 24: Tentative Green Buffer Area Around Proposed IPS-1 ...... 50
Figure 25:Tentative Green Buffer Area Around Proposed IPS-2 ...... 50
Figure 26:Tentative Green Buffer Area Around Proposed STP ...... 51
Figure 27:Tentative Green Buffer area around Propsed STP Shown in Google Map ...... 52
Figure 28:- Locationof ProposedIPS-1, IPS-2&STP along with Proposed Alignment of Pumping Main/Rising Main onGoogle Map in Sanawad Town ...... 53
Figure 29: Seasonal Windrose Diagrams (1976-1991) ...... 63
Figure 30: Google Eath Map Showing Sanawad Town ...... 64
Figure 31: Photo of Bakud River & Katcha Drain Dischargin Watewater into River & Brick Kiln works along Bed of Bakud River ...... 65
Figure 32: Photo of Bakud River & Weir on Bakud River ...... 65
Figure 33: Check Dam in Bakud River on U/S of Disposal Point ...... 65
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 34: Meeting point of Bakud River into Narmada Shown in Google Earth Map ...... 66
Figure 35:- Water Quality Trend of River Narmada ...... 68
Figure 36: River Basin Map of Narmada River ...... 69
Figure 37: Hydro geological Map, District Khargone (M.P.) ...... 72
Figure 38: Depth of Water Level (Pre-Monsoon Season) ...... 73
Figure 39: Depth of Water Level (Post-Monsoon Season) ...... 73
Figure 40: Proposed STP Site with Area around50, 100, 200 & 500m along with habitation Shown in Google Map ...... 86
Figure 41: Proposed IPS-1Site on Jawahar Marg in Bima Hospital Compound with Area around 50,100,200 & 500 m Shown in Google Map ...... 87
Figure 42: Proposed IPS-2 Site on Khargone road in Kirshi Upaj Mandi Compound with Area around 50,100,200 & 500 m Shown in Google Map ...... 87
Figure 43: Work Flow Diagram on GRM...... 123
Figure 44: Structure and Process of GRC ...... 127
Figure 45: PRE MONSOON AND MONSOON SEASON WIND ROSE - IMD KHANDWA (1976-1991) ...... 232
Figure 46: PRE MONSOON AND MONSOON SEASON WIND ROSE - IMD KHANDWA (1976-1991) ...... 233 List of Appendices Appendix 1: REA Checklist Sewerage and Sanitation ...... 175
Appendix 2: National Ambient Air Quality Standards ...... 179 Appendix3 : Vehicle Exhaust Emission Norms ...... 179
Appendix 4: National Ambient Air Quality Standards in Respect of Noise ...... 179
Appendix 5: EXTRACT FROM CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION MANAGEMENT ...... 180
APPENDIX 6: Salient Features of Major Labor Laws Applicable to Establishments Engaged in Construction of Civil Works ...... 186
Appendix 7: General Standards for Discharge of Environmental Pollutants (Wastewater) ...... 188
Appendix 8: Sample Grievance Registration Form ...... 191
Appendix 9: Sample Outline Spoils (construction waste) Management Plan ...... 193 Appendix 10: Sample Outline Traffic Management Plan ...... 194
Appendix 11: SAMPLE ENVIRONMENTAL SITE INSPECTION REPORT ...... 201
Appendix 12: Quarterly Reporting Format for Assistant Safeguards Officer ...... 204
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 13: Summary of Consultation with Stakeholders ...... 210
Appendix 13A:Consultation with Ward Parshad, municipality Sanawad (Photographs and List of Participants) ...... 216
Appendix 13B: Consultation with Residents residing near Proposed Location of STP at Sanawad ...... 218
Appendix13C: Consultation with Prominent Person, Shopkeepers and Ward Parshads of town Sanwad at the residence of Social worker (Photographs and List of Participants) ...... 222
Appendix 13D: Photographs of on the spot Consultation at IPS-2 ...... 224
Appendix 13E: Photographs of on the spot Consultation at IPS-1 ...... 224
Appendix 13F:Press Release about meeting with Ward Parshads on proposed subproject sewerage in the leading newspaper namely Rajasthan Patrika and Dainik Bhaskar ...... 225
Appendix 14: Surface Water Quality Results (Sanwad Town)...... 226
Appendix 15: Anticipated Environmental Impacts on Proposed Components (IPS-1, IPS- 2 & STP) and Its Mitigation Measures ...... 229
Appendix 16: Wind Rose Diagram of Nearest IMD Station at Khandwa ...... 232
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1. Government of Madhya Pradesh with loan funding from Asian Development Bank (ADB) has proposed to implement MadhyaPradesh Urban Services Improvement Project (MPUSIP), herein afterreferred as the “Project”. Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company Limited (MPUDC) shall be the Implementing Agency and the State Urban Development and Environment Department(UDED) shall be the executing agency for the Project.
2. The Program envisages to deliver:
(i) Continuous, pressurized, safe and sustainable drinking water through privatehousehold metered connections in 64tierII towns in theState; (ii) Sewage collection and treatment system in four identified towns, Anjad, Brwaha, Saikheda and Sanawad; and (iii) Non-physical investments comprising of establishing GIS system, capacity building of participating urban local bodies in contract management, Improving local operators’ capability through global partnership and building capacity of the implementing agency, urban local bodies and services utilities for ensuring long term sustainability of services.
3. Sanawad is located in the district of Khargone earlier known as District West Nimar of Madhya Pradesh state. This is small town, recently upgraded to Nagar Parishad status, and population of as per 2011 census was 38,740. Provision of sewerage systemin Sanawad is one of the subprojects proposed under MPUSIP. At present, there is no sewerage system in Sanawad; about 50% of the registered properties are provided with septic tanks or soak pit for sewage disposal, and rest of the houses dispose the wastewater directly into roadside open drains. Most of the houses do not have in-built toilets. Sanawad town has developed around a western railway meter guage line joining Indore-Khandwa and on state highway- 27, joining Indore-Burhanpur. On the north side Narmada river flows at about 5 km from the town. A tributary of Narmada river flows on the south side, named Bakud river and wastewater from the city carried out to the southern part through natural streams acting as large drains, joins Bakudriver, creating pollution and insanitary conditions.
4. The Subproject. The objective of this subproject is to develop sewerage management services to the residents in SanawadNagar Parishad (SNP) conforming to National Service Level Benchmarks in sewerage services. The subproject envisages providing 100% coverage of population withsewage collection network and treatment services, andincludes civil works, project implementation and management, and non-physical investments. The physical investment includes the following: (i) 49.442 km of sewer network of diameter 100 mm to 400 mm(ii) manholes - 1950 No.s(iii) Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) of 5.58million liters per day (MLD)capacity (iv) sewage pumping stations – 02 Nos –(a) intermediate pumping station (IPS-1) of 1.87 MLD capacity in Zone 2 and IPS-2 of 3.27 MLD capacity in Zone 1, and(v) sewage main pipelines – (a) pumping main of length about 955 m and 250 mm diameterfrom IPS-1 to MH-2327 and pumping main of length about 1327 m and 200 mm diameter from IPS-2 to MH-2327(b) gravity main length of 875 m and 400 mm diameter from MH-2327 to STP,and ,(v) house sewer connections –82,24 Nos.This 10
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
subproject package is proposed for implementation under a single Design-Build-Operate (DBO) contract package.
5. Implementation Arrangements: Urban Development and Environment Department (UDED) of Government of Madhya Pradesh is the Executing Agency. Implementing Agency is the Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company (MPUDC), A central Project Management Unit (PMU) attached to MPUDC is responsible for implementing the MPUSIP. The PMU will be supported by Program Implementation Units (PIUs). A Program Management Consultant (PMC) centrally located in PMU and with field teams in PIUs, will support PMU and PIUs in implementation. Infrastructure will be designed, built, and operated (DBO) by contractor for 10 years after which it will be transferred to the ULB. Project Officer (Environment) at PMU and Assistant Safeguard Officer (ASO) at each of the PIU will be responsible for environment safeguards tasks, and will be supported by Environment Specialist of PMC Team. Contractor personnel will include an Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) supervisor.
6. Screening and assessment of potential impacts: ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of the Bank’s operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009. The potential environmental impacts of the subproject have been assessed using ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist for Sewerage. Then potential negative impacts were identified in relation to pre-construction, construction and operation of the improved infrastructure.
7. Categorization: Based on results of the assessment and ADB SPS, the subproject is classified as environmental Category B, i.e., the subproject is judged to be unlikely to have significant adverse environmental impacts. An initial environmental examination (IEE) is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting an environmental impact assessment are likely.
8. This IEE aims to (i) provide critical facts, significant finding, and recommended actions; (ii) present the national and local legal and institutional framework within which the environmental assessment has been carried out; (iii) provide information on existing geographic, ecological, social and temporal context including associated facilities within the subproject’s area of influence; (iv) assess the subproject’s likely positive and negative direct and indirect impacts to physical, biological, socioeconomic, and physical cultural resources in the subproject’s area of influence; (v) identify mitigation measures and any residual negative impacts that cannot be mitigated; (vi) describe the process undertaken during project design to engage stakeholders and the planned information disclosure measures and the process for carrying out consultation with affected people and facilitating their participation during project implementation; (vii) describe the subproject’s grievance redress mechanism for resolving complaints about environmental performance; (viii) present the set of mitigation measures to be undertaken to avoid, reduce, mitigate, or compensate for adverse environmental impacts; (ix) to describe the monitoring measures and reporting procedures to ensure early detection of conditions that necessitate particular mitigation measures; and (x) identify indicative costs and who is responsible for carrying out the mitigation and monitoring measures.
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
9. Description of the Environment: The subproject components locations are in Sanawad town. The proposed STP and sewage pumping stations are located within the limit of Municipal boundary of the town. The immediate surroundings were converted into urban use for many years ago, and there is no natural habitat left at the subproject sites. There are no protected areas, forests and archaeological sites in the Sanawad town. Nearest sanctuary is Ralamandal located in East Nimar district at a distance of 64.4 km from Sanawad town. Nearest archaeological site is “Excavated Site” in Kasrawad, which is at a distance of 62.5 km from Sanawad town. All the locations of the STP and SPS are government-owned barren lands with no notable tree cover. There are no forest in or near project sites. Construction activities will be confined to the identified sites. The soil in the project area is generally black cotton containing 50% silt and clay together. Alluvial type of soils is found on both the sides of the river Narmada and is some patches along its tributaries. The project area is surrounded by agricultural areas and there are few small & medium scale industries in the vicinity and outskirts of the town are found. The ground water availability in these areas comes under Semi Critical Zone as per Central Ground Water Board report.
10. Potential Environmental Impacts. The subproject is unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts because: (i) the components will involve straightforward construction and operation, so impacts will be mainly localized; (ii) there are no significant sensitive environmental features in the project sites and (iii) predicted impacts are site-specific and likely to be associated with the construction process and are produced because the process is invasive, involving excavation and earth movements. Sewerage system performs a crucial function of safely collecting, transporting, treating and disposing domestic wastewater, including, human excreta. Subproject is likely to have numerous positive impacts on the environment and public health. Planning principles and design considerations have been reviewed and incorporated into the site planning and design process wherever possible; thus, environmental impacts as being due to the project design or location were not significant. Locations and siting of the proposed infrastructures were considered to further reduce impacts. These include (i) locating sewage pumping stations and STP away from the inhabited areas, (ii) locating facilities on government-owned land to avoid the need for land acquisition and relocation of people; and (iii) laying of sewer pipes in RoW alongside main/access roads, to reduce acquisition of land and impacts on livelihoods specifically in densely populated areas of the town.
11. Sewage pumping stations, which collect sewage to further pump to a higher elevation manhole, are likely to generate odour. Utmost care is taken to locate these away from the houses, and also included various design and operaion measures to minimize the odour generation. Another impact is that of STP operation: from malfunction or decrease in treatment efficiency and sludge handling and disposal. This will result in release of untreated or partially treated wastewater that will pollute environment and cause public health issues. Accumulation of silt in sewers in areas of low over time, overflows, blockages, power outages, harmful working conditions for the workers cleaning sewers etc. may create nuisance, unhealthy and hazardous conditions. Various measures are suggested to minimize these impacts.
12. The site selected for STP is located on the the banks of Maurya Nallah in between railway
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
track and NH-27 (Indore-Khandwa road) in old trenching ground ward no.3. Although, inhabited area is also reported on both side of STP. Site is eyesore point of the city. Site is surrounded by inhabited area, agricultural lands, and there are notable developments within 15- 50 m of the site boundary. subproject as some inhabitant defecate on the proposed STP site. Overall the sanitation system around proposed STP site area is not in a healthy state, showing deficient sanitation and hygiene system due to dumped solid wate (landfill site), open defection and silted nalla. It is proposed to develop green buffer area with sufficient tree plantation in multi rows around the plant within the STP boundary, so the buffer between STP components and inhabited area will act as a barrier for noise & air pollution to local people from bad odor & insect nuisance due to operation of STP. This will act as a visual screen around the STP & surrounding area and will improve the aesthetic appearance of the surrounding environmentand given the proposed SBR technology with low odour and low noise, there are no impacts envisaged.
13. During the construction phase, impacts mainly arise from the need to excavate large areas which can result to increase in dust and noise levels, disturbance to residents and businesses along the delivery routes, and traffic and the need to dispose moderate quantities of waste soil during construction phase.
14. Environmental Management Plan (EMP). An EMP has been developed to provide mitigation measures to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels. The EMP includes design measures such as (i) design of treatment process to meet discharge parameters more stringent than discharge stadnards of MoEFCC (ii) sludge management, (iii) planning and design measures to control odour from SPS, (iv) green buffer zones around SPS and STP, (v) alternative power suppy (back-up) arrangements for uninturrupted working of SPS and STP. During construction, the EMP includes mitigation measures such as (i) implementation of traffic management plan in coordination with local traffic police to minimize traffic impacts; (ii) awareness campaigns and consultations to inform residents and businesses of potential disturbances; (iii) provision of walkways and planks over trenches to ensure access will not be impeded; (iv) appropriate scheduling of works to avoid peak tourist season in important places; (v) use of noise-dampening measures in areas with sensitive receptors such as hospitals, schools, places of worships and other silence-zones; (vi) use of dust-suppression methods such as watering and/or covering of stockpiles; and (vii) finding beneficial use of excavated materials to extent possible to reduce the quantity that will be disposed off. As for the O and M phase, facilities will need to be repaired from time to time, but environmental impacts will be much less than those of the construction period as the work will be infrequent, affecting small areas only. The EMP includes mitigation measures and monitoring plan to ensure compliance to environmental standards during O and M phase.
15. The EMP will guide the environmentally-sound construction of the subproject and ensure efficient lines of communication between MPUDC, PMU, PIU, consultants and contractors. The EMP will (i) ensure that the activities are undertaken in a responsible non-detrimental manner; (i) provide a pro-active, feasible and practical working tool to enable the measurement and monitoring of environmental performance on site; (ii) guide and control the implementation of findings and recommendations of the environmental assessment conducted for the subproject; (iii) detail specific actions deemed necessary to assist in
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
mitigating the environmental impact of the subproject; and (iv) ensure that safety recommendations are complied with. The EMP includes a monitoring program to measure the environmental condition and effectiveness of implementation of the mitigation measures. It will include observations on- and off-site, document checks, and interviews with workers and beneficiaries.
16. The contractor will be required to submit to PMU, for review and approval, a site environmental plan (SEP) including (i) proposed sites/locations for construction work camps, storage areas, hauling roads, lay down areas, disposal areas for solid and hazardous wastes; (ii) Specific mitigation measures following the approved EMP; (iii) monitoring program as per SEP; and (iv) budget for SEP implementation. No works are allowed to commence prior to approval of SEP.
17. A copy of the EMP/approved SEP will be kept on site during the construction period at all times. The EMP included in the bid and contract documents. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in this document constitutes a failure in compliance.
18. Consultation, Disclosure and Grievance Redress Mechanism: The stakeholders were involved in developing the IEE through discussions on-site and public consultation at several places in the town, after which views expressed were incorporated into the IEE and in the planning and development of the project. The IEE will be made available at public locations and will be disclosed to a wider audience via the ADB, MPUDC and PMU websites. The consultation process will be continued and expanded during project implementation to ensure that stakeholders are fully engaged in the project and have the opportunity to participate in its development and implementation. A grievance redress mechanism is described within the IEE to ensure any public grievances are addressed quickly.
19. Monitoring and Reporting: Mitigation will be assured by a program of environmental monitoring to be conducted during construction and operation stages. The environmental monitoring program will ensure that all measures are implemented, and will determine whether the environment is protected as intended. It will include observations on- and off- site, document checks, and interviews with workers and beneficiaries. Any requirements for remedial action will be reported to the PMU. The PIU, PMDCand PMU will be responsible for monitoring. The PMDC will submit quarterly and semi-annual monitoring reports to PMU, and the PMU will review and send the semi-annual monitoring reports to ADB. ADB will post the environmental monitoring reports on its website.
20. The citizens of the Sanawad Nagar Parishad will be the main beneficiaries of the sewerage scheme, as they will be provided with sewerage systemto collect, covnvey, treat and dispose the sewage safely. This will improve the over-all health condition of the town as water borne diseases will be reduced, so people should spend less on healthcare and lose fewer working days due to illness, so their economic status should also improve, as well as their overall health. This should also improve the environment of these areas, should deliver major improvements in individual and community health and well- being.
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
21. Conclusions and Recommendations: The subproject is therefore unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts. The potential impacts that are associated with design, construction and operation can be mitigated to standard levels without difficulty through proper engineering design and the incorporation or application of recommended mitigation measures and procedures. Based on the findings of the IEE, there are no significant impacts and the classification of the project as Category “B” is confirmed. No further special study or detailed environmental impact assessment (EIA) needs to be undertaken to comply with ADB SPS (2009) or GoI EIA Notification (2006). Project will require following government permission/approvals: (i) consent for establishment and consent for operation for STP from Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board. These permissions/approvals shall be obtained. This IEE will be updated during the detailed design stage by the DBO contractor to reflect any changes, amendments and will be reviewed and approved by PMU.
22. This IEE will be updated during the detailed design stage by the DBO contractor to reflect any changes, amendments and will be reviewed and approved by PMU.
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
II. INTRODUCTION
A. Background
1. Government of Madhya Pradesh with loan funding from Asian Development Bank (ADB) has proposed to implement Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Project (MPUSIP), herein after referred as “the Project‟. Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company Limited (MPUDC) shall be the Implementing Agency and the State Urban Development and Environment Department (UDED) shall be the executing agency for the Project.A project management unit (PMU) created under MPUDC is implementing MPUSIP.
2. MPUSIP’s physical components include (a) improvements to water in 62 project towns, and (b) sewage and storm water collection and treatment services proposed in four (4) identified towns namely Saikheda, Sanawad, Anjad and Badwah under tranche I. The project also includes an institutional strengthening component and a project management and administrative support component.:
3. At present there is no sewerage system for collection, conveyance, treatment and safe disposal of sewage in Sanawad Town. The households are having septic tanks and overflow of septic tank and household waste water is being directly discharged into storm water drains without treatment. This leads to deterioration of environment and health hazards. It causes lot of unhealthy conditions to the people in general and hence it is essential to provide underground drainage scheme for the town.
4. The water supply improvement project is under process of sanction in Sanawad town and water supply rate per capita is 135 lpcd in the water supply project and therefore there is immediate need for sewerage system for collection, conveyance and treatment of sewage.
5. Hence there is need of the project to improve service levels in sewerage system in Sanawad Nagar Parishad conforming to National Service Level Benchmarks.
6. The Government has appointed the consultant for preparation of underground drainage scheme of the Town.Consultant has deployed team as part of the Program development. The Consultant team conducted series of investigations and developed this project for improving the sewerage in Sanawad town.
7. The subproject town of Sanawad is located in the south-eastern part Madhya Pradesh state under Khargone district (earlier known as West Nimar District). Providing sewerage system in Sanawad is one of the subprojects proposed under MPUSIP. The objective of this subproject is to develop sewerage management services to the residents in Sanawad Nagar Parishad (SNP) conforming to National Service Level Benchmarks in sewerage services. The subproject envisages providing 100% coverage of population with sewage collection network and treatment services. This subproject package is proposed for implementation under a single Design-Build-Operate (DBO) contract package.
B. Purpose of this IEE Report
8. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of the Bank’s operations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in ADB‟s
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009. The potential environmental impacts of the subproject have been assessed using ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment Checklist for Sewage and Sanitation (Appendix 1). Then potential negative impacts were identified in relation to pre-construction, construction and operation of the improved infrastructure, and results of the assessment show that the subproject is unlikely to cause significant adverse impacts. Thus, this initial environmental examination (IEE) has been prepared in accordance with ADB SPS requirements for environment category B projects.
9. This IEE is based on the detailed engineering report and will be finalized during implementation stage by DBO contractor to reflect any changes and latest subproject designs. The IEE was based mainly on field reconnaissance surveys and secondary sources of information. No field monitoring (environmental) survey was conducted however, the environmental monitoring program developed as part of the environmental management plan (EMP) will require the contractors to establish the baseline environmental conditions prior to commencement of civil works. The results will be reported as part of the environmental monitoring report and will be the basis to ensure no degradation will happen during subproject implementation. Stakeholder consultation was an integral part of the IEE.
C. Report Structure
10. This Report contains thefollowing nine (town) sections: (i) Executive summary; (ii) Introduction (iii) Description of the project (iv) Policy, legal and administrative framework (v) Descriptionof the environment; (vi) Anticipated environmental impacts and mitigation measures; (vii) Public consultation and information disclosure; (viii) Grievance redress mechanism; (ix) Environmental management plan, and, (x) Conclusion and recommendation.
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
III. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT
A. Project Area
11. Subproject town is located in Khargone district in the south-eastern part of Madhya Pradesh and is located between 22010’33” N latitude and 76004’08.74” E longitude and 22010’12” N latitude and 76004’37” E longitude. On the north side, Narmada River flows about 5 km from the town. Bakud River, a tributary of Narmada River flows in the south. Sanawad is a very old municipality established in year 1893, but no authentic records are available upto the year 1928. During the period 1928-44 it was composed of 6 elected and 6 nominated councilars. The municipal area of the town is 8.18 sq.km divided into 18 wards, with each one of them having an elected councilor. Town holds the population of 37840 as per the 2011 census data in which males constitute 19,902 and females 18,838. Sanawad is located on western railway meter guage line joining Indore-Khandwa and on state highway 27 joining Indore-Burhanpur. Majority of surrounding area is occupied by agricultural lands where cotton and ground nut is cultivated, due to this Sanawad has thread, ginning and ground nut oil mills and trade in these commodities. Sanawad is located about 70 km from Indore and 60 km from Khargone (the district headquarters) and 10 km from Barwaha which is the Tehsil headquarters. This is a beautiful town situated on the banks of Bakud River, a tributary of the Narmada River and is about 15 km from the prominent religious and tourism place of Omkareshwar; one of the 12 sacred Jyotirling in Hindu mythology. Sanawad is well connected to other parts of the state. The town is connected to the cities of Indore, Khandwa, Ujjain, Burhanpur, Mhow, Khargone, and Sanawad by road. The nearest airport is located at Indore. The aerial imagery of the Sanawad is as shown below:
Figure 1: Aerial Imagery of Sanawad Town
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Sanawad Town
Figure 2: Location of Sanawad Town in MP
12. The subproject components are located in Sanawad town. The proposed sewage treatment plant (STP) and sewage pumping stations (SPS) will be located within the municipal boundary of the town. The immediate surroundings were converted into urban use for many years ago, and there is no natural habitat left at the subproject sites. All the sites selected for STP and SPS are government-owned barren lands with no notable tree cover.
B. Existing Water Supply, Sewerage and Storm Water DrainageSystem
13. Existing Water Supply System: Sanawad is situated on the banks of Bakud River which is a subsidiary of Narmada River. Despite this, since the water in Bakud River is high on pollution, the existing water supply in the city is being done through Narmada River which is approximately 6.5 km away from the city centre. Narmada supplies 4.2 MLD of water daily in the town. With the population of 38,740 according to Census 2011, the water demand for the town, as per UDPFI norms of 135 LPCD, is 5.2 MLD. At present a total of 4.2 MLD of water is supplied to the city which is about 110 LPCD. The current level of the water supply is not sufficient to meet the current demand of the city. According to UDPFI guidelines, the norm for water distribution in urban areas should be 135 LPCD. Based on the guidelines, there is a gap of about 25 litre per person at present as the water supplied to the population is slightly lower than the recommended norms. The above shortfall is
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
mainly because, there are pockets within the town where there is either no distribution line or it is in a dilapidated state. The population which is having a water connection to their house is receiving adequate amount of water at about 135 LPCD.
14. Water Treatment Facility: The town has a newly built water treatment plant (WTP) of 7.5 MLD which has become operation recently. There is an old 3 MLD WTP too in the city which is located as a backup and is not put in use post the new treatment facility has become operational. Water from the intake well at Narmada, is treated in the newly built 7.5 MLD WTP located in Ward 17 along the state highway near the cotton ginning mill. The new WTP has been built at a distance from the city centre which is mainly for cutting down the length of intake line from Narmada River. Conventional water treatment system is being followed in the town. The current WTP of the city is at an elevation of 225 m which provide it an edge as most of the city development is at an elevation below that. This reduces the cost of pumping and also helps in generating additional pressure in the pipelines. The figure below illustrates the location of WTP and its elevation as compared to the other parts of the city. Water from the treatment plant is stored in 4 overhead tanks in the town having the total capacity of 27 lakh litres. The town is divided into three zones for the water distribution purposes. For each zone there is one overhead tank and for the third zone there are 2 tanks. Overhead tank of capacity 9 lakh exists in ward 16, second overhead tank of capacity 9 Lakhlitre is also located in ward 18 while the third and fourth overhead tank of capacity 9 lakh litre are located in ward 6, in which water is pumped from the filter plant and is distributed to the households. A total of 18 km length of pipeline of 20 mm to 100 mm diameter is installed in Sanawad which distribute the water supply in households and public stand posts (PSP). The water supply project in the city has been recently implemented and is functioning well in the city. 15. Households connected to water supply network are receiving about 135 LPCD. There are about 4,177 domestic water connections in the town. Apart from this, the city has 26 commercial connections and there is 1 industrial connection. Domestic connection is charged INR 50 per month while the commercial connection is charged INR 100 per month. Industrial, Railways and Hospitals are charged INR 500, INR 574 and INR 200 per month. The water supply system has been recently implemented in the city due to which the current water supply status is adequate and there is no future proposal for augmentation of water supply system.
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 3: Water Supply Map of the City
23. Existing Sewerage System: At present, Sanawad city does not have a comprehensive sewerage system for a safe disposal of sewage generated from the city. Sewage generated in the city either flows into storm water drain or individual septic tanks with a major portion lying unattended in various parts of the city. Sullage from the city is carried to
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
the southern part through natural stream acting as large drains called “Maurya Nala”. These streams terminate into Bakud River creating pollution problems. Out flow from septic tanks also meet these natural drains like Maurya Nala, leading to Bakud river. It is estimated that only 50% of the registered properties in sanawad has a septic tank to manage sewage. Most of the wastewater produced are directed to natural streams and drainage networks which leads to rivers- first it goes to Bakud River and then to Narmada. . Mixing of sullage and sewage into the storm water lines increases the extent of contaimination. Sanawad is adjoining Bakud River and is about 5 km away from the bank of Narmada River. Its proximity to the river is contributing to pollution load which is a serious concern that needs to be taken care. Sewage flows through the storm water drainage system which finally terminates into the river Narmada via River Bakud. Open defecation is practiced by a large section of town population.
16. Existing Drainage System: City storm water drains are the only available mean of disposing sewer generated in the city. Sewer from individual toilets and public toilets goes directly to the open drains along major roads in the town and finally disposes its wastewater in the Bakud River, which in turn flows into Narmada River. These open drains are a major contributor to the pollution in the river. During summers, when the river goes slightly dry, sewer flowing through the drains is disposed in the dried-up river beds. Total length of road in the town is 36.5 km out of which 32 km is pucca road while 4.5 km is Kutcha road. Out of the total road length of 36.5 km, only 30 km of surface drainage exists, out of which 26% are primary drains, 21% are secondary drains and 53% are tertiary drains. Disposal of solid waste in the drains results in clogging and blockage of the drains due to which waste water over flows from nallahs and drains on to the surroundings. Heavy rainfall during monsoon coupled with poor drainage often cause flash floods inundating the low-lying areas of the town. As the town lacks a proper drainage system, the rain water finds its way through streets, main market, into kutcha nala / natural drains like Maurya Nallah.
17. Drainage pattern of the town is characterized by Narmada in the North and ‘Bakud’ in the south. Sanawad has some small drains which act as Narmada’s tributaries, flowing towards north direction. Majority of the city’s drainage network is formed of tertiary drains, which faces severe capacity crunch and several encroachments in their due course. As the drainage coverage is lesser than the required, with mainy of them being kutcha, there exist a severe problem of chocking and siltation. Most of this drainage system also carries storm water as well as sullage from HHs, to finally meet into two major water bodies, the Narmada and Bakud river on the north and south side of the city.
Figure 4: Existing Drain in Sanawad Town 22
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 5: Photographs of Maura Nala
Figure 6:Photographs of Bakud River
Meeting Point of Maurya Nala into Bakud River
Figure 7: Meeting Point of Maurya Nala into Bakud River
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 8: Existing Drainage Map of Sanawad Town
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
18. It causes lot of unhealthy conditions to the people in general and hence it is essential to provide underground drainage scheme for the town. Also, due to increase in water needs for the growing population, and the expected increase in supply, will lead to generation of more wastewater, which needs to be safely managed. The Government has therefore appointed the consultant for preparation of sewerage scheme of the Town. The objective of the sewerage system is to ensure that sewage discharged from communities is properly collected, transported and treated to the required degree and disposed off / reused without causing any health or environmental problems.
C. Proposed Project 19. Coverage of Sewerage System: The character of Sanawad town is a mix of urban and rural areas. It is proposed to lay down scheme consisting of four separate Zones. As per topography, the zones are classified by considering the location of the proposed pumping stations and pipe network layout. The proposed scheme shall be determined following the path of the developed or to be developed roads in the town as per the town-planning scheme. Details of the classified area covered by each zone and the projected dry weather flow (DWF) to be served by the respective pumping stations are given in Table 2 and 3.
20. Sanawad is proposed with a centralized sewerage system. Only Gravity network has been considered. The Sewerage zone boundaries are defined based on the topography (Considering depth of cut). Sewer collection network is planned for the project area keeping in consideration of minimise the crossings of major barriers like National highway, Railways, Rivers, Canals. Main Sewers are laid along the natural drainage line to minimize the depth of excavation. The design of sewer network is as per the design criteria of CPHEEO Manual. The town is divided into 04 zones. Zone -1, 2 & 3 are gravitated to single sewagetreatment plant based on SBR Technology.The treated effluent from STP is proposed to be disposed off to a nearby natural drain called Maurya Nala by a gravity pipe line and after traveling about 350 m it will meet Bakud River.The Zone IV consisting of wards 4, 5, 7, 18, and 13 has been proposed for sepatge management by ensuring construction of the house toilets with septic tanks.
21. All the wards mentioned in the city Development plan have been taken in the proposal. The proposed sewage collection system will include house service connections with aim to collect sewage at location of its generation. This will also avoid inter mixing of sewage and storm water run off.
22. Proposed Sewerage System: The conventional sewage system of laterals, branch and main sewers are proposed. The network is planned in such a way that sewage will be collected from households from all streets and roads within ULB area by gravity and will be conveyed to STP location. The manholes are proposed at 30m interval, at change of direction and diameters of sewers for inspection and cleaning of sewers. The proposed sewer manholes are brick masonry manholes. The street manholes will be circular in shape with concentric cone depending on the depth and diameter of sewers. The minimum size of sewer considered as 100 mm and minimum soil cover of 1 m. Till the house sewers connections are made by individuals, the existing septic tanks will be in operation.
22. The sewage flow is considered 80% of rate of water supply that is 135 lpcd. The sewage
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
flows are calculated for present, intermediate and ultimate years. The efforts are made to maintain minimum self-cleaning velocity in sewers. In initial stretches of sewers, the minimum self-cleaning velocities are not achieved so flushing will be required. The sewer cleaning equipment are proposed in the project for cleaning of sewers. House connection chambers are proposed for connection of household sewer pipe to this chamber. The hydraulic designing of sewers is done using Sewer CAD software. The proposed sewage treatement facility is for 5.58 MLD of sewage flow.
Table 1: Details of Sewage Zones
Zone No. Ward Covered Proposed sewerage Contributing Area system (Sq. m) Zone I 1, 2, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, 16 Sewerage Network 1887.00 and 17 Zone II 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, Sewerage Network 1598.00 and 17
Zone III 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 18 Sewerage Network 2535.00
Zone IV 4, 5, 7, 18, & 13 Septage 1773.923
Table 2: Sewage Generation
S.No. Zone Population Flow Population Flow Population Flow No. 2018 generation 2033 generation 2048 generation 2018 (MLD) 2033 (MLD) 2048 (MLD) 1 I 19140 2.07 24045 2.60 30207 3.27 2 II 10934 1.18 13738 1.49 17258 1.87 3 III 11046 1.20 13877 1.50 17432 1.88 Sub Total 41120 4.45 51660 5.58 64897 7.02 4 IV 1975 0.21 2482 0.27 3117 0.34 Grand 43095 4.66 54142 5.85 68014 7.36 Total
Table 3: Zone Wise Sewage Generation
Zone 1 ,2&3-5.58/7.02 MLD Zone wise flows (Intermediate/Ultimate sewage flows) Zone 4-0.27 / 0.34 MLD
23. The town is divided into 04 zones. Zone-1, Zone-2 & zone-3 are gravitated to single STP (5.58 MLD capacity). On the basis of Life Cycle Costing (LCC) Technique, the most feasible technological option for STP for town is ‘Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBR). This option is cost-effective, land required is less and treatment efficiency is very good. STP is to be designed for ultimate design year capacity, but the phase wise operation will be followed (i.e. first phase will be comprising of the construction of STP for first 15 years 26
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
capacity (i.e. year 2033). The proposed SBR technology will achieve effluent discharge standards of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).
24. Septage Management: Due to topography of the area and uneven slope of the wards and for ease of maintenance, wards 4, 5, 7 13 and 8 in Zone IV can not be connected to sewer network, and therefore are proposed to be covered by septage management. There are approximately 593 households in these wards. The septage component will involve construction of septic tanks and soak pits for households without septic tanks at present, collection of sludge from the septic tanks, and conveying to STP have been included in project. Septage management is a process and requires attention at every stage of the sanitation chain for collection, transportation and treatment of septage (See Figure 8: Steps for planning septage management). Safe disposal or end use in a scientific manner is the main goal of septage management. Ceaning interval of septic tank varies from 2 to 5 years or even more depending upon the capacity of the tank,
25. The following are the key components of a Septage Management Plan:
26. Collection and Transportation: Proper collection and transportation of septage is one of the most important components of septage management. As per the CPHEEO Manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment, 2013 “yearly desludging of septic tanks is desirable, but if it is not feasible or economical, then septic tanks should be cleaned at least once in two - three years, provided the tank is not overloaded due to use by more than the number of persons for which it is designed. This septic tank will be required to clean in every two years. Assuming on average one machine can clean three tanks per day; hence total 1 vehicle / machine will be needed. No machine is available with Sanawad Municipal council. It is proposed that one machine - tractor mounted tanker fitted with diesel pump and one jetting cum suction machine having capacity 8.0 KL with 140 HP motor and pump will fulfill the demand of the septage management.
27. Under the Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013 desludging / emptying of septic tanks is to be undertaken by mechanical devices like suction emptier trucks / vacuum tankers. These desludging trucks collect septage at the household level and transport it to treatment or disposal sites. ULBs need to assess the following aspects of septic tank emptying (UDD, 2016); • The number of septic tanks required to be emptied annually as per CPHEEO norm versus the number that are emptied in a year • The number of vaccum emptying trucks/ capacity of trucks that are required if number of septic tank emptied as per CPHEEO norm versus the number of trucks that are available/working with capacities of emptier trucks • Cost assessment per emptying visit • Method of register maintenance for septic tank emptying services database etc. 28. It will be ensured that the septage transportation vehicle operators (whether from the ULB or private sector) are well trained and equipped with protective safety gears (such as gloves, boots, hat, face mask, Davy’s lamp), uniforms, tools and proper vacuum trucks, for safe handling of septage (UDD, 2016). Also, all septage transporters need to maintain a collection and transport receipt system that needs to be duly filled by the private / ULB service provider and submitted to ULB office (UDD, 2016).
Treatment & Disoposal: Septage collected from various points in the zone 4 will be disposed off into the STP inlet in compliance with the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and the Water
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. The septage will be treated in STP as per the CPCB and MPPCB norms before disposal. Septage has constituents similar to municipal wastewater, which make the co-treatment of septage along with sewage feasible. • Reuse: Reusing refers to the act of returning the products to the environment as either useful resources or reduced-risk materials (UDD, 2016). The treated septage can be used as a soil enricher or as filling material at construction sites (UDD, 2016). Properly treated sludge can be reused in the following ways (CEPT, 2015): • Soil Conditioner- It can be applied on parched land as a soil conditioner, or as a fertilizer in agriculture. Crops which could be safely grown are corn, fodder, cotton, trees including fruit trees, eucalyptus and poplar. • Aquaculture- Settled septage effluent can be applied to freshwater where it is possible to achieve dilution to ensure dissolved oxygen is above 4 mg /l. Fish species of tilapia and carp are preferred since they tolerate low dissolved oxygen.
Figure 9: Steps for Planning Septage Management in Zone-4, Sanawad Town
29. Table 4 shows the nature and size of the various components of the subproject. The three main elements are: (i) provision of a network to collect sewage from different parts of the town; (ii) construction of a trunk sewer to transport waste to the STP; and (iii) Final disposal will be in nearby existing Maurya Nala, which joins Bakud River; Bakud ulimtately joins Narmada River, 25 km east of Sanawad (iv) STP to treat sewage to Indian standards. The descriptions shown in Table 4 are based on the present proposals, which are expected to be substantially correct, although certain details may change as development of the subproject progresses. Location of subproject components and conceptual layout plans are shown in Figure 10 to Figure 23.
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 10: Location Map of Subproject Town Sanawad
Sanawad Town
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Table 4: Proposed Sewerage Subproject Components in Sanawad Town
S. No. Infrastructure Function Description Location
1. Sewer network Collect wastewater from 49,442 m, diameter 100 -400 mm Sewers will be laid underground houses and convey by along the all the roads and and gravity to nearest Diameter Length streets in Sanawad town area. sewage pumping station S. No. (mm) (m) Material % Sewers will be laid in the earthen for further conveyance shoulder along the roads, and 1 100 21047 DWC 42.57 to STP for treatment where there is no place, sewers will and disposal 2 135 24489 DWC 49.53 be located within the carriage way. 3 170 1055 DWC 2.14 4 250 1935 DWC 3.91 5 400 916 DWC 1.85 Total 49442 100 2. Manholes For maintainance and 1,950 Nos. The manholes are proposed at 30m cleaning of sewers Diameter interval, at change of direction and Materials Nos. (mm) diameters of sewers for inspection and cleaning of sewers. Brick 855 900
Brick 511 1200
Brick 584 1500 • Average spacing - 30 m • Brick masonry manholes; drop arrangement for sewer juctions of >0.6 m level difference; circular in shape with concentric cone depending on depth and sewer diameter 3. Sewage Transfer sewage from 3,157 m – 200-400 mm diameter DI-K9 pipes From Zone 2 to Zone 2 (Bima Pumping Main pumping stations to • 955m length 250 mm diameter pumping main hospital to Motakka Chauraha) STP from intermediate pumping station (IPS)-1 to along the Jawahar Marg within the manhole (MH)-2327 ROW From Zone 1 to Zone 2 (Kirshi Upaj Mandi to Motakka Chauraha) along
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
• 1327 m length 200 mm diameter pumping the Khargone road within the ROW mainfrom IPS-2 to MH-2327 From Zone 2to Zone 1 (from • 875 m length 400 mm diameter gravity main Motakka Chauraha to STP near from MH-2327 to inlet chamber of STP Maurya Nala along the Indore- Khandwa road (SH-27) within ROW 4. Sewage Collect sewage by Intermediate pumping station (IPS-1) IPS-1 is located in Zone-2 at Bima pumping pump to higher level for - Capacity 1.87 MLD hospital campus which is now shut stations (SPS) further transfer and - Components- wet well of diameter 4m and depth 2.0 down and not in use since 1990. treatment m and pumping station Only vacant land and dilapidated buildings of hospital and staff quartres are reported there and a large vacant area is also available there which can be used for proposed IPS1.It is at relatively low- lying area for collecting sewage from collection area; total land area required is 180 m2& available land area -8,130 m2 (0.813 ha) Khasra no. 62/10. Intermediatepumping station (IPS-2) - Capacity (3.27MLD) IPS-2 site at Kirshi Upaj Mandi in - Components: (wet well of diameter 6m and depth 2.0 zone 1; total land area required is m and pumping station) 180 m2 and available land area is 26,800 m2(2.68 ha) in khasra No. 263 5. Sewage For treatment of raw 5.58 MLD capacity STP site is located between SH-27 Treatment sewage for final Treatment technology: SBR and railway line near Maurya Nallah Plant (STP) discharge STP Components: Following are indicative, and actual in ward no.3. design will be firmed up by DBO Contractor - Raw Sewage Pumping Station Total land area required is 0.351 ha - Pre-treatment works (inlet chamber, fine Screen and available land area is 0.699 ha channels, de-gritting Tanks, flow measuring channel (0.08 ha and 0.619 ha inKhasra and flow distribution box) Nos. 462 and 463). List main treatment components (Anoxic Basin/Selector
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
zone, SBR Basin, Chlorin Contact Tank, Gravity Sludge Thickener, Sludge Dewatering-Centrifuge, Sludge Drying Beds and Fitlrate pump house etc.). 6. Outfall sewer Dispose treated 16 m length 250 mm dia DI-K7 pipe pipeline will be laid from STP outlet wastewater from STP to to Maurya Nala; pipeline will be laid final disposal location along existing road within ROW 7. House sewer Collect sewage from 8,224 Nos. Sewage delivery pipe will be connections individual houses and connected to sewer lines at each convey into network house with a chamber 8 Mobile tanker To collect septage from 1 no,s - Tractor mounted tanker fitted with diesel pump Mobile tanker septic tanks and convey and one jetting cum suction machine of capacity 8.0 KL to STP with 140 HP motor and pump
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
30. Details of Manholes: Manholes are proposed at every 30m interval in the straight line, at intersections and turns on the roads, at changes in grade and size of sewers. The drop arrangement has been proposed where one sewer pipe meets another sewer pipe at different level (where level difference is more than 0.6m). Proposed sewer manholes are brick masonry manholes. The street manholes will be circular in shape with concentric cone depending on the depth and diameter of sewers.
Table 5: Details of Manhole, Numbers, Sizes Types & Materials
Type & Material Number of Manholes Size of Manholes
Brick 584 1500 Brick 855 1200 Brick 855 900
Table 6: Details of Pumping Main
Location Type Dia (mm) Length (Mt.)
Rising Main from Zone-2 Sub pumping Station DI-K9 250 mm 955.00 (IPS-1) to MH: -2327 (Zone-2)
Rising Main from Zone-1Sub pumping Station DI-K9 200 mm 1327 (IPS-2) at MH: -1266 to MH: -2327 (Zone-2)
Gravity Main from MH-2327 near Motakka DI-K9 400 mm 793.00 Chauraha to Inlet chamber of STP
31. Road Width: Road network is marked by two major regional transit corridors; Indore- Khandwa road SH-27 and Khargone-Punasa road. The municipality has a mix of WBM, BT, and CC road with road width raging from 3.0 m to 7.0 m. Width of road varies section to section wise. For more details refer table below;
Table 7: Details of Road Width Manhole to Mahole
Width of Width of Manhole Manhole Dia of Zone Road in Dia of Sewer Zone Road in From To From To Sewer Meter Meter Zone-1 1260-1261 4.5 170 Zone-2 21-24 8.6 100 Zone-1 1261-1262 4.9 170 Zone-2 24-25 8.1 100 Zone-1 1262-1254 6.5 170 Zone-2 25-126 8.1 100 Zone-1 1254-1255 7.11 170 Zone-2 126-127 7 100 Zone-1 1255-1256 6.9 170 Zone-2 127-128 6.9 100 Zone-1 1256-1257 5.4 170 Zone-2 128-129 6 100 Zone-1 1257-1231 5.11 170 Zone-2 129-130 3.6 100 Zone-1 1231-1232 5.6 170 Zone-2 130-131 5.4 100 Zone-1 1232-1233 6 170 Zone-2 131-125 6.8 135
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Zone-1 1233-1234 5.7 170 Zone-2 125-118 7.04 135 Zone-1 1234-1235 6.9 170 Zone-2 118-143 6.9 135 Zone-1 1235-1236 10.2 170 Zone-2 143-144 6.9 135 Zone-1 1236-1285 5.3 100 Zone-2 144-145 6.7 135 Zone-1 1284-1283 7.5 100 Zone-2 145-146 6.8 135 Zone-1 1283-1331 7.7 100 Zone-2 146-147 7.1 135 Zone-1 1331-1330 6 100 Zone-2 147-148 8 135 Zone-1 1330-1336 4.5 100 Zone-2 148-149 9.2 135 Zone-1 1336-1366 4.9 100 Zone-2 149-150 8.5 135 Zone-1 1366-1367 4.5 100 Zone-2 150-151 7.5 135 Zone-1 1367-1368 5.11 100 Zone-2 151-168 7.9 135 Zone-1 1368-1343 4.5 100 Zone-2 168-169 7.3 135 Zone-1 1343-1344 4.8 250 Zone-2 169-174 7.3 135 Zone-1 1344-1345 5.5 100 Zone-2 174-175 7.3 135 Zone-1 1345-1374 5.9 135 Zone-2 175-176 6.8 135 Zone-1 1374-1375 6.14 135 Zone-2 176-177 6.8 135 Zone-1 1375-1376 6.14 135 Zone-2 177-178 6.8 135 Zone-1 1376-1392 6.15 100 Zone-2 178-179 6.8 135 Zone-1 1392-1393 4.7 100 Zone-2 179-184 7.4 135 Zone-1 1393-1394 5.2 135 Zone-2 184-185 8.5 135 Zone-1 1394-1395 7.3 135 Zone-2 185-189 9.3 135 Zone-1 1395-1396 6.6 135 Zone-2 189-190 9.6 135 Zone-1 1396-1397 6.7 135 Zone-2 190-196 9.7 135 Zone-1 1397-1398 5.7 135 Zone-2 196-248 8.6 135 Zone-1 1398-1442 5.7 100 Zone-2 248-249 7.6 170 Zone-1 1442-1443 7.1 100 Zone-2 249-2316 7.8 170 Zone-1 1443-1441 7 100 Zone-2 2316-251 6.8 170 Zone-1 1441-1444 9 100 Zone-2 251-252 6.8 170 Zone-1 1444-1445 9.4 135 Zone-2 252-2317 6.8 170 Zone-1 1445-1446 5.3 135 Zone-2 2317-301 6.9 250 Zone-1 1446-1447 5.8 135 Zone-2 301-2194 7.4 250 Zone-1 1447-1448 4.8 135 Zone-2 2194-976 8.1 250 Zone-1 1448-1449 4.5 135 Zone-2 976-977 7.1 250 Zone-1 1449-1461 5.1 135 Zone-2 977-978 6.7 250 Zone-1 1461-1462 6.1 100 Zone-2 978-963 6.9 250 Zone-1 2362-1460 5.4 135 Zone-2 963-964 7 250 Zone-1 1460-1459 5.5 135 Zone-2 964-965 6.9 250 Zone-2 331-333 7.6 100 Zone-2 965-966 7 250 Zone-2 333-332 6.9 100 Zone-2 966-967 7.1 250 Zone-2 332-335 6.3 100 Zone-2 967-2355 7.3 250 Zone-2 335-334 6.2 100 Zone-2 2355-980 7.5 100 Zone-2 334-338 7.4 100 Zone-2 980-981 7.9 100 Zone-2 338-307 7.2 100 Zone-2 981-982 8.1 100 Zone-2 307-2283 7.1 100 Zone-2 982-983 8 100 Zone-2 2283-308 6.9 100 Zone-2 983-984 7.9 100
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Zone-2 308-300 7 100 Zone-2 984-985 7.8 135 Zone-2 300-309 7 170 Zone-2 985-986 7.6 135 Zone-2 309-310 7 170 Zone-2 986-987 7.2 135 Zone-2 310-311 7 170 Zone-2 987-989 6.6 135 Zone-2 311-2357 7.6 250 Zone-2 989-988 7 135 Zone-2 2357-414 6.9 250 Zone-2 988-990 6.7 135 Zone-2 414-415 6.9 250 Zone-2 990-991 6.9 135 Zone-2 415-416 7.1 250 Zone-2 991-992 6.7 135 Zone-2 416-424 7 250 Zone-2 991-992 6.7 135 Zone-2 424-2358 6.9 250 Zone-2 992-993 6.5 135 Zone-2 2358-426 7 250 Zone-2 993-994 6.9 135 Zone-2 426-436 6.9 250 Zone-2 994-995 10.9 135 Zone-2 436-435 7 250 Zone-2 995-744 10.9 100 Zone-2 435-1067 7.2 170 Zone-3 732-733 11 400 Zone-2 1067-1068 7.3 170 Zone-3 733-734 11.74 400 Zone-2 1068-1069 7.7 170 Zone-3 734-735 12.66 400 Zone-2 1069-1070 7.6 170 Zone-3 735-736 16.6 400 Zone-2 1070-1071 7.2 170 Zone-3 736-737 9.1 400 Zone-2 1071-1072 7.1 170 Zone-3 737-738 8.3 400 Zone-2 1072-1073 7.2 170 Zone-3 738-739 11.5 400 Zone-2 1073-1013 7.2 170 Zone-3 739-2310 17.8 135 Zone-2 1013-1014 7.2 135 Zone-3 2310-784 17.8 135 Zone-2 1014-1015 8 135 Zone-3 784-783 16.15 135 Zone-2 1015-1027 8.24 100 Zone-3 783-782 16.4 135 Zone-2 1027-1026 8.4 100 Zone-3 782-781 12.35 135 Zone-2 1459-1458 5.4 135 Zone-3 781-780 6.8 135 Zone-2 1458-723 6.9 135 Zone-3 780-779 5.7 135 Zone-2 723-724 5.4 135 Zone-3 779-1974 17.4 135 Zone-2 724-725 6.2 135 Zone-3 1974-748 10.4 400 Zone-2 725-726 6.1 100 Zone-3 748-749 7.7 400 Zone-2 726-727 7.6 100 Zone-3 749-750 7.7 400 Zone-2 727-728 13.2 100 Zone-3 750-751 7.3 400 Zone-2 728-729 10 100 Zone-3 751-752 7.6 400 Zone-2 729-730 8.9 100 Zone-3 752-753 7.7 400 Zone-2 730-731 8.1 100 Zone-3 753-754 6.9 400 Zone-2 731-732 11.2 400 Zone-3 754-755 6.2 400 Zone-2 1-2 6.6 100 Zone-3 755-756 6.4 400 Zone-2 2-3 6.6 100 Zone-3 756-757 6.5 400 Zone-2 3-4 6.7 100 Zone-3 757-758 6.7 400 Zone-2 4-5 6.8 100 Zone-3 758-759 5.9 400 Zone-2 5-6 6.8 100 Zone-3 759-760 8.1 400 Zone-2 6-7 6.8 100 Zone-3 760-761 6.1 400 Zone-2 7-8 6.7 100 Zone-3 761-762 6.6 400 Zone-2 8-9 6.8 100 Zone-3 762-763 4.2 400 Zone-2 9-10 6.9 100 Zone-3 763-764 3.9 400
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Zone-2 10-11 7 100 Zone-3 764-765 3.7 400 Zone-2 11-12 7.1 100 Zone-3 765-STP 3.5 400 Zone-2 12-13 7.5 100 Zone-3 739-740 16.3 400 Zone-2 13-14 6.9 100 Zone-3 740-741 7.3 400 Zone-2 14-15 6.8 100 Zone-3 741-742 7.3 400 Zone-2 15-16 6.7 100 Zone-3 742-743 7.2 400 Zone-2 16-17 6.9 100 Zone-3 743-744 12 400 Zone-2 17-18 6.9 100 Zone-3 744-745 6.8 400 Zone-2 18-19 6.5 100 Zone-3 745-746 6.9 400 Zone-2 19-20 6.7 100 Zone-3 746-1974 6.5 400 Zone-2 20-21 7.8 100
Table 8: Proposed Pumping Station Details
Capacity of the Pumping Station Dia. Of Pumping Name/Location Proposed type (MLD)for the (year station (m) 2048) IPS-2 at MH: -1266 (Zone-1) Wet well 3.27 6.00 IPS-1 at MH: 424 (Zone-2) Wet well 1.87 4.00
Table 9: Proposed Pumping Machinaries
Dry weather Discharge Pumping Machinery Head m No.of set flow (cum/day) (DWF)
Pumping Machinery at Sub Pumping 1DWF 2857 Station (IPS-2) at MH: -1266 (Zone- 18.00 (1 W+ 1S) 1) 2DWF 5713
1DWF 1299 Pumping Machinery at Sub Pumping 26.00 (1 W+ 1S) Station (IPS-1) at MH: -424 (Zone-2) 2DWF 1632
Table 10: Details of Available Land
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
SN Proposed Khasara Area Land GL at Ground Distance units Map no available Required Site in M waterlevel from the (ha) (ha) Drinking water source 1 IPS1 62/10 0.813 0.018 154.51 10 m-60 m 4.00 Km at D/S 2 IPS2 213 2.68 0.018 150.55 10-60 m 4.2 Km at D/S
2 STP 462,463 0.081 + 0.351 148.62 10m-60 m 5.5 Km 0.619
32. Sewer Construction works: Civil works in the project include linear excavation for laying sewer pipesalong the roads, placing sewer pipes in the trench and refilling with the excavated soil. Subsequent to completion of works, road reinstatement will be undertaken by the contractor as part of the civil works. The roads in the core city area are very narrow and congested with pedestrians and vehicles, while the roads in outer areas are wide. Details of propsed sewer construction are given below. Minimum depth will be 0.9 m and maximum will be 9.00 m. Trench width will range from 1.15 m to 4.355 m. 38.9% of sewers will be with laid within depth of 1.5 m below ground, and only about 39% of sewers will be laid more than 3.5 m deep. Maximum depth of sewer to be laid is 8.3 m. Trenches for sewer-work will be dug by backhoe or manually in narrow, and swers will be brought to site on trucks, offloaded and placed into each trench manually, after which soil will be replaced to cover the trench. Manholes will be either constructed in-situ or precast manholes will be fixed depending on site conditions.
Table 11: Details of Depth Wise Length of sewer
Length of Sewer (m) Depth (m) 19233 1-1.5 7099 1.5 – 2.0 4668 2.0 – 2. 5 7520 2.5 - 3.5 4625 3.5 – 4.5 3210 4.5 – 5.5 1332 5.5 – 6.5 1143 6.5 – 7.5 612 7.5 – 8.5 49442 Total
33. Trench Excavation Width: With reference to the width of trench for pipe laying in Sanawad, depending on the soil condition at site and depth of the sewer, method of pipe laying will be decided and accordingly trench width also (Figure No. 6).
Table 12: Details of Diameter Wise Depth & Trench Excavation Width of Sewer
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Pipe Diameter Min. Depth Max. Depth Minimum Trench Maximum (m) (m) Width (m) Trench Width(m) 100 1.00 6.86 1.00 4.11 135 1.00 7.87 1.00 4.72
170 3.2 8.2 2.00 4.92 250 1.25 8.3 1.00 5.0 400 1.30 7.56 1.00 4.53
Figure 11:Type & Width of Trench
34. Other construction works. Other civil works in the subproject include construction of sewage pumping stations, and STP (pre-treatment works like inlet chamber, fine Screen Channels De Gritting Tanks Flow Measuring Channel and Flow distribution box, main treatment units, treated effluent disposal works), at the identified sites. These works will be confined to sites, and construction will include general activities like excavation for foundation, construction of foundations, columns, walls and roof in cement concrete and masonry, and fixing of mechanical and electrical fixtures, etc. Although the site is fairly small the construction will be straightforward, involving mainly simple excavation. The ground will be dug by backhoe diggers and bulldozers, and soil will be transferred into trucks for offsite disposal. Most of the construction works will be of concrete mortar, which will be prepared mechanically at site in concrete mixtures. Foundations for the small pump houses will be dug by backhoe or manually, and concrete and aggregate will be tipped in to create the foundations and floor. The brick sides will then be built manually by masons and pumps will be brought in on trucks and placed inside the pump house by crane. The roof material will then be attached by hand. Once the work is over, the temporary structure will be removed.
35. Project Benefits: The subproject aims to achieve sustainable wastewater management in
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
both the towns and where the sewage generated is collected at the household level, transported, treated and safely disposed and at the same time improving the storm water drainage infrastructure to minimise or avoid flooding and water logging both in terms of services to customers, cost recovery, Provisions is made in proposed system for construction of new septic tanks in both towns to meet 100% sewer connection. Besides achieving progressively increasing cost recovery by expanding the coverage and increasing operating efficiency, the subproject will improve the overall environmental quality of the town. It will reduce the reduced time and costs of households, and will lead to better public health particularly reduction in waterborne and infectious diseases.
36. The benefits of the project after implementation are:
• Prevention of ground water and soil pollution due to infiltration of untreated liquid waste • Prevention of discharge of untreated sewage into lakes / river • Improvement in water quality of lakes • Improvement in environmental sanitation health and reduction in associated health hazards • Improvement in quality of life, human dignity and increased productivity • Prevention of storm drains carrying sanitary sullage or dry weather flow • Treated sewage shall be available for irrigating agricultural fields leading to more production of agricultural products
D. Implementation Schedule
37. After the approval of the detailed project report, bid will be prepared and the bidding process is likely to be completed and contracted awarded by August / September 2018. Construction is likely to start in October 2018, and will take about 28 months (including monsoon period) to complete.
Figure 12: Contour Plan of Sanawad Town
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 13: Proposed Sewerage Zone Plan of Sanawad Town
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 14: Proposed Sewerage Network Plan for Sanawad Town
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 15:- Final outfall from STP into Maurya Nala Shown on Google Map
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Table 13: Table: Land Requirements for a Sample of Treatment options
Figure 16 :- GAD of Pumping Station for Sanawad Town
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 17:- Typical Details of Manhole
Figure 18:- Details of House Connection Chamber
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 19:- Process Flow Diagram of STP at Sanawad Town (SBR Technology)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 20: Layout Plan of STP/GA Drawing of 5.58 MLD STP-Sanawad (SBR Technology)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 21:Sludge Sump of 5.58 MLD- Sanawad
Figure 22:- Gravity Sludge Thickener of 5.58 MLD in Sanawad
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 23: Thickened Sludge Sump of 5.58 MLD in Sanawad
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 24: Tentative Green Buffer Area Around Proposed IPS-1
Figure 25:Tentative Green Buffer Area Around Proposed IPS-2
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 26:Tentative Green Buffer Area Around Proposed STP
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 27:Tentative Green Buffer area around Propsed STP Shown in Google Map
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 28:- Locationof ProposedIPS-1, IPS-2&STP along with Proposed Alignment of Pumping Main/Rising Main onGoogle Map in Sanawad Town
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
IV. POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK
A. ADB Policy
38. ADB requires the consideration of environmental issues in all aspects of ADB’soperations, and the requirements for environmental assessment are described in ADB SPS,2009. This states that ADB requires environmental assessment of all ADB investments.
39. Screening and Categorization: The nature of the environmental assessment required for a project depends on the significance of its environmental impacts, which are related to the type and location of the project; the sensitivity, scale, nature, and magnitude of its potential impacts; and the availability of cost-effective mitigation measures. Projects are screened for their expected environmental impacts, and are assigned to one of the following four categories:
(i) CategoryA: Projects could have significant adverse environmental impacts. An EIA is required to address significant impacts. (ii) CategoryB: Projects could have some adverse environmental impacts, but Of lesser degree or significance than those in category A. An IEE is required to determine whether significant environmental impacts warranting a nEIA are likely. If an EIA is not needed, the IEE is regarded as the final environmental assessment report. (iii) CategoryC: Projects are unlikely to have adverse environmental impacts. No EIA or IEE is required, although environmental implications are reviewed.
40. Environmental Management Plan: An EMP, which addresses the potential impacts and risks identified by the environmental assessment, shall be prepared. The level of detail and complexity of the EMP and the priority of the identified measures and actions will be commensurate with the project’s impact and risks.
41. Public Disclosure: ADB will post the safeguard documents on its website as well as disclose relevant information in accessible manner in local communities:
(i) For environmental category A projects, draft EIA report at least120 days before Board consideration; (ii) Final or updated EIA and/or IEE upon receipt; and (iii) Environmental monitoring reports submitted by the implementing agency during project implementation upon receipt.
B. National Environmental Laws
42. Environmental Assessment: The GoI EIA Notification of 2006 (replacing the EIA Notification of 1994), sets out the requirement for Environmental Assessment in India. This states that Environmental Clearance (EC) is required for specified activities/projects, and this must be obtained before any construction work or land preparation (except land acquisition) may commence. Projects are categorized as A or B depending on the scale of the project and the nature of its impacts.
43. Categories A projects require EC from the central Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF). The proponent is required to provide preliminary details of the project in the prescribed manner with all requisite details, after which an Expert Appraisal Committee(EAC) of the MoEF prepares comprehensive Terms of Reference (ToR) for the EIA study. On completion of the study and review of the report by the EAC, MoEF considers the recommendation of the EAC and provides the EC if appropriate.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
44. Category B projects require environmental clearance from the State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA). The State level EAC categorizes the project as either B1 (requiring EIA study) or B2 (no EIA study), and prepares ToR for B1 projects within 60 days. On completion of the study and review of the report by the EAC, the SEIAA issues the EC based on the EAC recommendation. The Notification also provides that any project or activity classified as category B will be treated as category A if it is located in whole or in part within 10 km from the boundary of protected areas, notified areas or inter-state or international boundaries.
45. None of the components of this sewage improvement subproject in Sanawadfalls under the ambit of the EIA Notification 2006, and, therefore EC is thus not required for the subproject.
46. Applicable Environmental Regulations: Besides EIA Notification 2006, there are various other acts, rules, policies and regulations currently in force in India that deal with environmental issues that could apply to infrastructure development. The specific regulatory compliance requirements of the subproject are shown in Table 14.
Table 14: Applicable Environmental Regulations
Law Description Requirement The EIA This states that Environmental Not applicable. notification, 2006 Clearance (EC) is required for (and its specified activities/projects, and this The sub-project is not subsequent must be obtained before any included in schedule of amendments in construction work or land preparation environmental impact 2009) provides (except land acquisition) may assessment notification forcategorization commence. Projects are categorized 2006 and its subsequent of projects into as A or B depending on the scale of amendments till date, so category A and B, the project and the nature of its it is not categories as based on extent of impacts. Categories A projects require either Category A or impact Environmental Clearance from the Category B. As a result, National Ministry of Environment and environmental clearance Forests (MoEF). Category B projects is not required, either require environmental clearance from from the state or the the State Environment Impact central Government. Assessment Authority (SEIAA). Water Act was enacted to provide for the STP requires CFE and (PreventionAnd Prevention and control of water CFO from MPPCB. ControlofPollution) pollution and the maintaining or Act of 1974, Rules restoring of wholesomeness of water, Application has to be of1975, and by Central and State Pollution Control submitted online at amendments Boards and for conferring on and http://www.mppcb.nic.in/xgn assigning to CPCB/SPCBs powers and .html functions relating to water pollution control.
Control of water pollution is achieved through administering conditions imposed in consent issued under to this Act. These conditions regulate the quantity and quality of effluent, the location of discharge and the frequency of
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
monitoring of effluents. Any component of the subproject having the potential to generate sewage or trade effluent will come under its purview. Such projects have to obtain Consent For Establish (CFE) under Section 25 of the Act from Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board (MPPCB) before starting implementation and Consent For Operate (CFO) before commissioning. Environment(Prote Emissions and discharges from Appendix 2 provides ction) Act,1986 theFacilities to be created or applicable standards for and CPCB refurbished or augmented shall comply ambient air quality. EnvironmentalSta with the notified standards Appendix 3 provides ndards. vehicular emission norms NoisePollution Rule 3 of the Act specifies ambient air Appendix 4 provides (Regulation and quality standards in respect of noise applicable noise standards. Control) for different areas/zones. Rules,2000 amended up to2010. Solid Wastes Rules to manage municipal solid waste Solid waste generated at Management generated; provides rules for segregation, proposed facilities shall be Rules,2016 storage, collection, processing and managed and disposed in disposal. accordance with the MSWM Rules Construction Rules to manage construction & to Construction & demolition &Demolition wasteresulting from construction, waste generated from the Waste remodeling, repair and demolition of any project construction shall be Management civil structure. Rules define C&D waste as managed and disposed as Rules,2016 waste comprising of building materials, per the rules (Appendix 5) debris resulting from construction, re- modeling, repair and demolition of any civil structure. LaborLaws The contractor shall not makeemployment Appendix 6 provides decisions based upon personal applicable Labor laws characteristics unrelated to job including amendments requirements. The contractor shall base issued from time to time the employment relationship upon equal applicable to opportunityand fair treatment, and shall establishments engaged in not discriminate with respect to aspects of construction of civil works. the employment relationship, including recruitment and hiring, compensation (including wages and benefits), working conditions and terms of employment or retirement, and discipline. The contractor shall provide equal wages and benefits to men and women for work of equal value
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
or type.
Table 15: Effluent Disposal Standards of STPs Applicable to All Modes of Disposal
S. No. Parameter Standard Location Concentration not to exceed 1 pH. Anywhere in the country 6.5 - 9.0 2 Bio-Chemical Metro Cities*, all State Capitals except in 20 Oxygen Demand the State of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, (BOD) Manipur, Meghalaya Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir, and Union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Dadar and Nagar Haveli Daman and Diu and Lakshadweep Areas/regions other than mentioned above 30
3 Total Suspended Metro Cities*, all State Capitals except in <50 Solids (TSS) the State of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya Mizoram, Nagaland, Tripura Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir, and Union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Dadar and Nagar Haveli Daman and Diu and Lakshadweep Areas/regions other than mentioned above <100 4 Fecal Coliform Anywhere in the country <1000 (FC) (Most Probable Number per 100 milliliter, MPN/100ml
*Metro Cities are Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Ahmedabad and Pune. Note: (i) All values in mg/l except for pH and Fecal Coliform. (ii) These standards shall be applicable for discharge into water bodies as well as for land disposal/applications. (iii) The standards for Fecal Coliform shall not apply in respect of use of treated effluent for industrial purposes. (iv) These Standards shall apply to all STPs to be commissioned on or after the 1st June, 2019 and the old/existing STPs shall achieve these standards within a period of five years
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H) from date of publication of this notification in the Official Gazette. (v) In case of discharge of treated effluent into sea, it shall be through proper marine outfall and the existing shore discharge shall be converted to marine outfalls, and in cases where the marine outfall provides a minimum initial dilution of 150 times at the point of discharge and a minimum dilution of 1500 times at a point 100 meters away from discharge point, then, the existing norms shall apply as specified in the general discharge standards. (vi) Reuse/Recycling of treated effluent shall be encouraged and in cases where part of the treated effluent is reused and recycled involving possibility of human contact, standards as specified above shall apply. (vii) Central Pollution Control Board/State Pollution Control Boards/Pollution Control Committees may issue more stringent norms taking account to local condition under section 5 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986”.
Table 16:Standards for Sludge Reuse as Manure
Standards for Composting. As there are no specific standards notified for sludge reuse, the compost quality standards notified under the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 (Schedule II A, Standards for Composting) have been adopted here. According to the standards “In order to ensure safe application of compost, the following specifications for compost quality shall be met, namely: - Phosphate Rich Organic Compost Parameters Units Organic Manure (FCO 2009) (FCO 2013) Arsenic mg/kg 10 10 Cadmium mg/kg 5 5 Chromium 50 50 Copper 300 300 Lead 100 100 Mercury 0.15 0.15 Nickel 50 50 Zinc 1000 1000 C/N ratio <20 <20:1
PH 6.5 – 7.5 (1:5 solution) maximum 6.7
Moisture, percent 15.0 – 25.0 25.0 by weight, maximum Bulk density <1 Less than 1.6 (g/cm3)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Standards for Composting. As there are no specific standards notified for sludge reuse, the compost quality standards notified under the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 (Schedule II A, Standards for Composting) have been adopted here. According to the standards “In order to ensure safe application of compost, the following specifications for compost quality shall be met, namely: - Phosphate Rich Organic Compost Parameters Units Organic Manure (FCO 2009) (FCO 2013) Total Organic 12 7.9 Carbon, per cent by weight, minimum Total Nitrogen (as percent by 0.8 0.4 N), per cent by weight weight, minimum Total Phosphate (as percent by 0.4 10.4 P205) percent weight byweight, minimum Total Potassium (as percent by 0.4 - K20), percent weight byweight, minimum
Colour Odour Absence of foul Odor Particle size minimum 90% material minimum 90% material should pass through 4.0 should pass through 4.0 mm is sieve mm is sieve Conductivity, not dsm-1 4 8.2 more Than * compost (final product) exceeding the above stated concentration limits shall not be used for food crops. however, it may be utilized for purposes other than growing food crops.
47. ADB SPS Requirements: During the design, construction, and operation of the project the PMU and PIUs will apply pollution prevention and control technologies and practices consistent with international good practice, as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as the World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines (IFC’s General EHS Guidelines1 and Sector Specific (Water and Sanitation) Guidelines2). These standards contain performance levels and measures that are normally acceptable
1https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/554e8d80488658e4b76af76a6515bb18/Final%2B- %2BGeneral%2BEHS%2BGuidelines.pdf?MOD=AJPERES 2 https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/e22c050048855ae0875cd76a6515bb18/Final%2B- %2BWater%2Band%2BSanitation.pdf?MOD=AJPERES
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H) and applicable to projects. When Government of India regulations differ from these levels and measures, the PMU and PIUs will achieve whichever is more stringent. If less stringent levels or measures are appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, the PMU and PIUs will provide full and detailed justification for any proposed alternatives that are consistent with the requirements presented in ADB SPS.
Table 17: WHO Ambient AirQuality Guidelines
Table 18: World Bank Group’s EHS Noise Level Guidelines
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
V. DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
A. Methodology Used for Baseline Study
48. Data collection and stakeholder consultations. Data for this study has been primarily collected through comprehensive literature survey, discussion with stakeholder agencies, and field visits to the proposed subproject sites.
49. The literature survey broadly covered the following:
(i) Project details, reports, maps, and other documents prepared by technical expert of design consultant team (ii) Discussions with Technical experts of the design consultant team, municipal authorities, relevant government agencies etc. (iii) Secondary data from previous project reports and published articles, and (iv) Literature on land use, soil, geology, hydrology, climate, socioeconomic profiles, and other planning documents collected from Government agencies and websites.
50. Ocular inspection: During IEE preparation to assess the existing environment (physical, biological, and socioeconomic) and gather information with regard to the proposed sites and scale of the proposed project. A separate socioeconomic study was conducted to determine the demographic information, existing service levels, stakeholder needs and priorities.
B. Physical Resources
1. Location, Area &Connectivity
51. The city of Sanawad was originally known as Senud. It is also known as Piranpir Evam Shitla Mata Mela or the "City of Mela". Town of Sanawad has a religious importance as it is also known for five Jain Temples and tomb of Piran- Pir situated in the town. Holy place of Omkareshwar which is about 15 km from Sanawad. Sanawad is a very old municipality established in year 1893, but no authentic records are available upto the year 1928. During the period 1928-44 it was composed of 6 elected and six nominated councilars. The Municipal area of the town is 8.18 sq.km, divided into 18 wards under the municipal jurisdiction with each one of them having an elected councilor.
52. Connectivity: Sanawad is located on western railway meter guage line joining Indore- Khandwa and on state highway 27 joining Indore-Burhanpur. Sanawad is located about 70 km from Indore and 60 km from Khargone (the district headquarters) and 10 km from Barwaha which is the Tehsil headquarters. This is a beautiful town situated on the banks of Bakud River, a tributary of the Narmada River and finds key significance as a tourism destination due to its proximity to Omkareshwar; one of the 12 sacred Jyotirling in Hindu mythology. Sanawad is well connected to other parts of the state. Sanawad is connected to the cities of Indore, Khandwa, Ujjain, Burhanpur, Mhow, Khargone, Sanawad by road. The nearest airport is located at Indore.
2. Topography, Soils and Geology
53. Sanawad entirely lies in Narmada river basin between Vindhyanchal ranges in the north and Satpura range in the South. It exhibits varied geomorphic units. The presence of
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
fluvial units shows the occurrences of alluvium in the flood plains of all major streams and rivers. Town is situated at an altitude of 200 m above mean sea level. The topography of the town is flat with a gentle slope towards south-west and south, where River Bakud flows.
54. Subproject town Sanawad is located in Khargone district in the south-eastern part of Madhya Pradesh and is located between North side 22O10’33” N latitude and 76O04’08.74” E longitude and south side 22O10’12” N latitude and 76O04’37” E longitude. On the north side Narmada River flows at about 5 km north of the town. A tributary of Narmada River flows on the South side called as “Bakud River”. The town falls under Satpura range
55. Soil Characteristics: Generally, there are five types of soils namely Kali I, (0-1 mbgl) and Kali II (1-2 mbgl) (2-3 mbgl) Halkikhardri and Bardi. These soils are classified as medium black cotton soils containing 50% silt and clay to gather. Alluvial type of soils is found on both the sides of the river Narmada and is some patches along its tributaries.
56. Mainly there is black cotton soil containing nearly 50 per cent silt and clay together. Jowar and maize are main crops of kharif and wheat of rabi. Cotton Red chilly and groundnut are the main commercial crops. In addition, jowar, maize (makka), tuar and other pulses are also grown in this region. Sanawad soil cover is black. This soil suited for any kind of cultivation blessed adequate irrigation facilities. District is famous for its rice agriculture production, being situated at the upper part of Narmada valley, it is important place for agriculture.
3. Seismology
57. As per the seismic zoning map of India, project area falls under Zone II, which is the lowest earthquake risk zone in India. This zone is termed as “low damage risk zone”.
4. Rainfall and Climatic Conditions
58. The climate of Sanawad is typically plateau region, dry but not really hot, there are three distinct seasons, namely rainy, winter and summer seasons. The latter covers both summer and winter periods. The annual mean rainfall is 980.75 mm. The northern part of the district receives more rainfall than the southern part. The monsoon season starts approximately by mid of June every year and extends upto early October. The days are quite humid. The maximum temperature recorded in the month of May is 35 degree Celcius and minimum recorded in the month of December as 19.8 degree Celcius.
59. Wind Rose Diagram: Winds are controlled by the shifting of pressure belts. Wind data and wind rose diagram are not available for sanawad town. However as per the City Development Plan (CDP)-Sanawad, winds are predominantly from south-west during monsoon months. In the post monsoon and winter, sothern and south-easterly winds prevail in the morning while in the afternoon winds blow from directions between souh- east and north-west through south and west. Except during monsoon seasons, wind speed is generally light to moderate. In the monsoon months’ winds are stronger and, on a few occasions, wind blows at a speed of 40 to 50 km per hour.
60. Nearest weather monitoring station of India Matereological Department (IMD) to Sanawad is located at Khandwa town, which is about 50 km south of Sanawad. Seasonal wind rose diamgrams based on the wind data from 1976-1991 is presented in the below figure, for both morning and evening. Summary is presented below:
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
(i) Seasonal wind pattern at 08:30 hours -The analysis of wind pattern shows that predominant wind direction is from northwest in the winter season and post monsoon season while in the pre monsoon and monsoon season the predominant wind direction is from west, northwest and southwest. Winds blow in the range of 6 to 11 km/h. Calm wind conditions are more in winter season.
(ii) Seasonal wind pattern at 17:30 hours - During evening hours, in winter season, the predominant wind direction is from northeast with speed ranging in between 6-11 km/h while in pre-monsoon season the winds are blowing with a speed of 12-19 km/h from direction. In the monsoon season prevailing winds are from west direction followed by west direction with the velocity ranging from 12- 19 km/hr. The annual wind pattern shows that predominant wind direction is from WNW. During Post monsoon season more calm conditions are prevailed at 1730 hours.
Figure 29: Seasonal Windrose Diagrams (1976-1991)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 30: Google Eath Map Showing Sanawad Town
5. Surface Water 59. Bakud River: Drainage pattern of the town is characterized Bakud River, which flows in the south of the town. Sanawad town is situated on the bank of Bakud River. All waste water from town drains out into Bakud and then terminates into Narmada. At present River Bakud is acting as natural drains flowing in the town and their sangam eventually meets Narmada at down north. Bakud river is a tributary of Narmadaflows on the south side of the town rises in the Vindhyan hills in Mhow tahsil of Indore district. Bakud River is deep and large. Strata are sandy. There are no any water intakes(surface/subsurface) in the downstream or immediate upstream, there are no any tributary joining the river as the Bakud river is a tributary of Narmada river itself and there is a checkdam constructed on river in sanawad town which is 417 m away on u/s from proposed STP site. This is not water supply purpose. It is constructed to control the flow of water for irrigation purpose. River Bakud meets River Narmada downstream of the town near its north-western boundary at a distance of 29.6 km from bakud river discharge location. Intake points are not visible on u/s and d/s of Narmada river. Narmada river approximately 6 km from the Sanawad town. Bakud river eventualy got converted into drain due to the emptying of all the drain of the town. Bakud river is presently serving as nallah. Town’s waste water from street drains and major drain i.e. Maurya Nallah falls into Bakud river. Town’s waste water flowing into it and because it passes through the town it creates unhygienic condition and acts as a source of mosquitoes and flies breeding. Indiscriminate dumping of waste into street drain and Bakud river further complicate the situation. Proper storm water drains and sewerage system covering entire town along with treatment plants are needed to control pollution of Bakud river and ultimately pollution of Narmada. Also, due to lack of sanitation facilities, open defection along Bakud river and its bed is a common sight causing pollution of Bakud River. Though Narmada river near Sanawad is 5 kms away from
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
town, not directly affected the wastewater of the whole town falling into River Narmada through river Bakud is a threat for the river in future.
Figure 31: Photo of Bakud River & Katcha Drain Dischargin Watewater into River & Brick Kiln works along Bed of Bakud River
Figure 32: Photo of Bakud River & Weir on Bakud River
Check Dam
Figure 33: Check Dam in Bakud River on U/S of Disposal Point
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 34: Meeting point of Bakud River into Narmada Shown in Google Earth Map
60. Narmada in Madhya Pradesh and Sanawad: There is Narmada River approximately 5 km from the Sanawad town. It is Perennial River. Among the rivers flowing in the district, Narmada river is the main and important river, that flows from east to west. The flow of rivers in the south is from southeast to north-west, while in north, flow is from north east to south-west. Except Rigveda and Panini, all other religious books describe Narmada river as one of the seven most holy rivers of the country. The magnificent river flows through the district in Sanawad, Barwaha, Maheshwar and Kasrawad tahsils for about 72.45 km. and then for about 121 km. along the district boundary in the north. It rises from the Amarkantak plateau (Latitude 22O40’ Longitude 81O45’) of the Satpuras in Shahdol district. The Narmada River, rises in the Amarkantak Plateau of Maikala range in the Anup Pur district of Madhya Pradesh at an elevation of 1,057 meters above mean sea level at altitude 22° 40' north and a longitude of 81° 45' east. The river travels a distance of 1,312km before it falls into Gulf of Khambhat in the Arabian Sea near Bharuch in Gujarat. The first 1,079 km of its run is in Madhya Pradesh. In the next length of 35 km, the river forms the boundary between the States of Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra. Again, in the next length of 39 km, it forms the boundary between Maharashtra and Gujarat. The last length of 159 km lies in Gujarat. Huge quantity of waste from cities and villages situated along the river and effluents discharged from industries have already pushed the quality of water down to "B" category, according to Bureau of Indian Standard 2,296 norms
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
61. The main drainage in formed being Narmada river and various small nalas and rivelutes joins to Narmada. The Tapti drainage system extends in a limited area along the southern boundary of the district. Most of the district is drained by the Narmada drainage system. The Narmada river enters the district from the East Nimar district and flows through the middle of Barwaha tehsil and then makes southern boundary of Maheshwar tahsil with Barwaha and then with Kasrawad tahsil. Thereafter, it forms the northern boundary of Kasrawad, Rajpur and Barwani tahsil with the Dhar district. Bakud, a tributary of Narmada rises in the Vindhyan hills in Mhow tahsil of Indore district. Sanawad town is situated on the bank of Bakud river and a couple of kilometers beyond it joins the Narmada. Karaman also rises in the Vindhyan hills, makes the western boundary of Maheshwar tahsil with Dhar district. Smaller rivers in Maheshwar tahsil joining the Narmada are Maheshwari, Malan andGomthi. The rivers that join the Narmada from south are Goi, Nanati, Deb, Satak, Kundi and Kharikia. The town Khargone is situated on the banks of the Kundi river. Amer, Tori Dundhkheda, Kanorde and Umri are the rivers of Tapti system, which drain into the Arabian Sea. 62. Narmada River is a holy River and has a unique position in Hindu mythology. In the Indian civilisation, river Narmada has been the river of faith, devotion and worship. Millions of Hindus accept its water as sacred. Large number of religious centres like Maheshwar, Omkareshwar etc. are located on the banks of Narmada River. The built heritage in the form of Ghats and temples all along the banks of the river, makes it an important tourist destination and attracts large number of tourists every year from all over the India. Due to rapid urbanization, Narmada River is not just a source of water but has become each annel receiving and transporting the urban waste, generated in the town, away from the area. Municipal waste of cities-Amarkantak and Dindori, Sanawad, Mandla, Bargi, Jabalpur, Gotegaon, Gadarwara, Pipariya, Narsinghpur, Babai, Hoshangabad, Kareli-Barmanghat, Harda, Barwaha, Badwani, Omkareshwar, Maheshwar and Mandleshwar-is impacting the health of river. Sanawad is at a distance of 5 km from the Banks of Narmada river. It is observed that the town lacks in proper coverage of sewerage system due to which the sewage flows through the storm water drainage system which finally terminates in to the river Narmada. It is to high light that these waste being discharged from the city goes directly or indirectly in to the river Narmada a without any treatment. Moreover, the topography of the town promotes the flow of waste to wards the river as there Is no diversion system which stops the waste flowing directly in to the river. Large quantity of domestic waste water from the town is discharged in to River Narmada through the open drain, degrading the water quality of the river. Industries located in proximity to the river are discharging the irindustrial waste directly in to the river without the treatment. Open defecationis practiced by a large portion of the population in the city. Identified issues and problems were similar to what needs to be addressed as per the guidelines of NRCP.
63. Surface Water Quality: The Narmada River has an average dissolved oxygen level about 7-8 mg/l throughout which is comfortably higher than the safe limit of mg/l and hence, Narmada river water is considerably fit as source of water supply. On the other hand, at present water quality of Bakud is also average due to the move impact of drains falling into it. However, there is a need of appropriate treatment as all the waste water from the town goes eventually into Bakud river through Drains, which might result into deterioration of its water quality. The water quality of Bakud river is highly deteriorated and not even fit for other than drinking purposes. River Bakud has now turned into Nallah which carries all the waste of the town eventually to Narmada river. Surface water quality data is not available at this stage, it will be done during detailed design phase and surface water quality monitoring has been included in monitoring plan. Refer EMP Table- 34.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
64. Major source of pollution in the river is domestic sewage and municipal solid waste which flows through city drains and finally terminates into the Narmada River. Waste water, storm water, faecal materials all flows through open drains creating unhygienic and unhealthy conditions due to absence of sewerage system. Lack of sanitary facilities in individual households as well as community toilets in town leads to open defecation in open drains and along the river causing pollution. Being a small-town waste from industries is negligible. The pollution level indicators for Sanawad as per the CPCB is presented in the figure below:
65. Water Quality of River Narmada: Total suspended solids in the drainage effluent DPR Consultant re found between 33.25–158.75 mg/l, which exceeds the effluent discharge limit. The total dissolved solids were 596.25–1110.25mg/l, which indicates the water quality of the drainage effluents highly polluted. The water quality of all the discharge channels interms of TSS, TDS, BOD-3 days, COD, Faecal Coliform were found unsatisfactory and polluted. Tests indicated that the Faecal Coliform present were at a very high level in the entire sample indicating the worse scenario of bacterial contamination. The river in the area is extensively used for bathing and the desired water quality as per guidelines is Class B with BOD>5 and Faecal Coliform around 500MNP/100ml.
Table 19: River Water Quality Guidelines for Bathing
Total Coliform Organism MPN/100ml shall be 500 or less pH Between 6.5 to 8.5 Dissolved Oxygen 5mg/l or more Biochemical Oxygen Demand 3mg/l or less (BOD) 5 Days at 20OC
Figure 35:- Water Quality Trend of River Narmada
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 36: River Basin Map of Narmada River
Sanawad d
66. The details of the water quality of the Narmada River as per the river wise data available on the Environmental Information System of the Central Pollution Control Board, Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India (http://cpcbenvis.nic.in/waterpollution).
67. The Water Quality trend of BOD in River Narmada depicting the data from year 2002 to 2010 is presented in figure below:
68. An analysis of the 2010 CPCB data available for the Narmada River has been done. The mean temperature of the water along the Narmada River varies between 22oC to 320C. The mean temperature of the water at Barwaha, Mandleshwar and Maheshwar is about 23.70Cand 250C respectively which is nearly the average of the minimum and maximum mean temperature throughout the stretch. The minimum dissolved oxygen (DO) level in the water as per the guideline shall be minimum 4 milligrams per litre which has been found adequate along the total stretch. At Barwaha and Maheshwar the DO level in the water is nearly 7.4 milligram per litre whereas it is slightly less at Mandleshwar i.e. about 6.9 milligrams per litre. The pH value estimates the acidity of the water and as per the guidelines should remain vary from 6.5 to 8.5. The maximum and minimum mean value of pH along the stretch of the river is about 8.3 and 7.4 respectively. Within Madhya Pradesh, Nemawar is the only point where the maximum pH value has reach about 8.5. At Barwaha, Mandleshwar and Maheshwar the mean pH value is about 7.8, 7.9 and 7.9 respectively. The mean Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) level of the water in Narmada varies from 0.8 to 3.8 milligram per litre which according to standard should remain lesser than 3 milligram per litre. Thus Sethanighat, Hoshangabad and Khargone are the spots which have been identified to have a BOD level above the permissible limits. The BOD level at Barwaha and Sanawad is 0.9 milligram per litre
69. Overall, the water quality at Barwaha, Maheshwar and Mandleshwar which are the three station points for quality monitoring within Khargone are within the acceptable limits of the Central Pollution Control Board.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Table 20:- Details of the Water Quality in River Narmada Near Sanawad
6. Ground Water
70. Ground water potential is moderate to low in the area. Khargone block falls under semi critical category as assessed by Central Ground Water Board. Therefore, the ground water sources could not be found reliable as source of water supply for longer period.
71. Khargone district is underlain by mainly Basaltic lava flows of Deccan trap. Dynamic ground water resources of the district have been estimated for base year -2012/13 on block-wise basis. Out of 803000 ha of geographical area, 656897 ha (82 %) is ground water recharge worthy area and 146103 ha (18 %) is hilly area. There are nine number of assessment units (block) in the district which fall under non-command (97%) and command (3% Bhagwanpura, Kasrawad, Khargone and Zirania) sub units. Bhagwanpura, Bhikhangaon and Jhirnia are categorized as safe. Sanawad, Barwaha, Khargone & Maheshwar blocks of the district are categorized as Semi Critical (same in 2010/11). The highest stage of ground water development is computed as 88% in Khargone. The net ground water availability in the district is 75614 hactare metre (ha-m) and ground water draft for all uses is 52525 ha-m, making stage of ground water development 73% (75 % in 2010/11) as a whole for district. After making allocation for future domestic and industrial supply for next 25 years, balance available ground water for future irrigation would be 16864 ha-m.
72. In the district Archaen granite and gneisses form pheratic aquifers where ever jointed
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
or weathered. In general, this aquifer has a poor potential. Bijawars and vindhyans in this district also have poor potential because of these massive and compactness occurrences of ground water rarely exceeds 12 mbgl. Bagh beds forms phereaticas well as confined condition at the contact with Deccan trap. They forms good potential aquifers system in phreatic as well as in confined condition.
73. The bore well drilled by CGWB, reveals that basaltic aquifers have depth range from 20.00 to 160.00 mbgl and yield potential 24 to 70 m3 /day, transmissivity ranges from 15 to 350 m3 /day. In Bagh beds potential zones formed at depth 52-54 mbgl & 67- 86 mbgl yield potential is 180-245 lpm and aquifer properties. As transmissivity 108 m 3 /day and storage coefficient is 1.99x10-3.
74. In Deccan trap deeper aquifers potential depends on intensity of fracture and its areal extent. They ranges from 5 lps to as high as 800 lpm the transmissivity characteristics of the confined aquifers ranges from 2 m2 /day to as high as 312 m2 /day.
75. Ground Water Quality & Depth of Water Level: As per DPR ground water level at the proposed components i.e. at IPS-1, IPS-2 and STP is 10m – 60m. Ground water quality data of Sanawad town is not available at this stage, however ground water quality of the town is saline. The ground water availability in these areas comes under Semi Critical Zone as per Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) report. Ground water quality monitoring will be done during detailed design phase by DBO Contractor. However, as per District Ground Water Information has been annexed in Table- 21 as given below.
Table 21: Depth & Quality of Ground Water of Khrgone District
Items Statistis Ground Water Exploration By CGWB (As on 31.3.2013) No of wells drilled (EW) EW 15, OW 24, Pz 08 Depth Range (m) 66 to 232.00 Discharge (liters per second) 0.1-13.0/ - / 0.14-6.31 Transmissivity (m2 /day) 2-312 Hydrogeology Major Water Bearing Formation Alluvium, Deccan trap, (Weathered/fractured) and Bagh beds. Pre-monsoon 4.20 – 12.70 mbgl depth to water level during 2012 Post-monsoon 1.90 – 11.70 m bgl depth to water level during 2012 Pre-monsoon: Long Term water level trend in 10 years Rise 0.01 – 26.02 cm/yr (2003-2012) in m/yr Fall 3.49 – 12.39 cm/yr Post monsoon: Rise 0.01 – 22.66 cm/yr Fall 37.22 cm/yr Ground Water Quality Presence of Chemical constituents EC- 260 – 4150 µmhos/cm NO3- 1.2 – 620 mg/l F- 0.013 – 0.89 mg/l Type of water Saline Source: Khargone District Ground Water Information Booklet
76. Ground Water Quality: Ground water quality in the district is accessed annually by
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
CGWB on the basis of water samples collected from hydrograph stations in the district. Groundwater in the district is generally fresh to saline as electric conductivity values varies between 260 to 4150 μs/cm at 25° C. Fluoride in the district ranges from 0.01 to 0.89 mg/l and the nitrate concentration ranges from 1.2 to 620 mg/l.
Figure 37: Hydro geological Map, District Khargone (M.P.)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 38: Depth of Water Level (Pre-Monsoon Season)
Figure 39: Depth of Water Level (Post-Monsoon Season)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
7. Air Quality
77. No air quality data available, however, there are no air pollution sources, except the dust, which is mainly due to dry weather, activities like traffic movement. There is no data on ambient air quality in Sanawad Town, which are not subject to monitoring by the Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board (MPPCB) as there are no major industries. Traffic is the only significant pollutant, so levels of oxides of sulphur and nitrogen are likely to be well within the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS).
78. Two main sources of air pollution in the town are vehicular emissions due to high vehicular density on congested roads and suspended particulate matters (SPM). Increasing vehicular pollution and SPM within the city may be attributed to the following points. • Maximum road are emerging from SH-27, thus all the trafficfrom these roads and by-passtraffic combines here and creates congestion on SH-27. • Location of vegetable and food grain markets, bus terminal etc. in the middle of the town attracts more traffic to the centre of the town. • Though there is a railway station in Sanawad, the absence of sufficient numbers of train connecting surrounding cities puts pressure of all goods and passenger traffic on roads only. • During dry weather conditions, due to unpavedroad shoulder, general lack of cleanliness along streets, air gets polluted.
79. No field monitoring (environmental) survey was conducted however, theenvironmental monitoring program developed as part of the environmental management plan (EMP) will require the contractors to establish the baseline environmental conditions prior to commencementof civil works. The results will be reported as part of the environmental monitoring report and will be the basis to ensure no degradation will happen during subproject implementation.
C. Ecological Resources
80. Project area mostly comprises urban areas, agricultural areas of Sanawad, which are converted to human use many years back. Majority of the area in the municipal boundary is in residentia, commercial and agricultural use. Threre are no forest area in or near project sites. There are no ecologically sensitive features in the vicinity of project area. In project area like, sagone neem, tendu etc. trees are available. Flora and fauna found in the area is of local species, and none of the project components are located in the forest areas. In district north and south are Vindhya and Satpura mountain ranges respectively. In the northern part Narmada river flowsfrom east to west. There are no sensitive areas like forest, sanctuaries, national parks, protected monuments / archaeological sites, etc. in the Sanawad town. Nearest sanctuary is Ralamandal located in East Nimar district at a distance of 64.4 km from Sanawad town. Nearest archaeological site is “Excavated Site” in Kasrawad, which is at a distance of 62.5 km from Sanawad town.
D. Economic Development
1. Landuse
81. Sanawad is atypical indian town having mixed land use pattern where residential and commercial activities are happening simultaneously. Sanawad has historically grown
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along western side of the main railway line passing from the city. The main concentration of the development is happening in north-south direction along the SH- 27going towards Indore-Khandwa, while in the western direction along the road to Khargone. The major landuse of the town is dominated by residential use followed by commercial areas. Whilst the internal road network shows organic growth with Jawahar Marg, Khargone road and Indore –Khandwaa road emerging as the commercial spine of the city. It is then followed by institutional landuse comprising government offices and buildings. Other important landuse is that of religious structures that are spread all over the town almost in every cluster. The land use comprising of social facilities of school and public green pockets are comparatively contributes to the lesser land cover. Moreover, Sanawad reflects the similar pattern of landuse as that of other typical towns. Some recent peri-urban development on the outskirts Municipality boundary are witnessed mainly at the southern fringes in the form of departmental housing colonies, low rise modern housing, restaurants etc. The western fringes cover dispersed development such as international school, small commercial establishments etc.
82. Town management is presently done under the guidance and leadership of Sanawad Nagar Parishad and administrative chief as CMO. All Municipal services including water supply is managed by one Sub Engineer andother regular officers/staff and daily wages staff. Spread over 8.18 sq. km area Sanawad is comparatively a smaller town and is traditionally an agriculture based economy. It is a local center for agricultural marketing dealing in agriculture produce, inland fisheries and forest produce. Large part of the municipal area is still under agriculture.
Table 22:- Land Use Category of Sanawad Town
S. No. Land Use Category Prcentage (%)
1 Residential 55
2 Commercial 5
3 Industrial 6
4 Public & Semi Public 6
5 Public Utilities & Services 1
6 Recreational 15
7 Transportation 12
Total 100
2. Industry, Commerce & Agriculture
83. The major economic drivers are agriculture and trading. Though Sanawad has been an agrarian town, the work force participation indicates that a major portion of it is in the secondary production or tertiary sector. Workforce in Sanwad acts as a support to the primary sector to its surrounding villages. With a preliminary assement of city’s economy, following factors can be characterized as key economic drivers; • Main economic driver of Sanawad are agricultur and trading. The main crops of the surrounding region are cotton, wheat, chillies and soyabean. Proximity of
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industries plays a major factor for the type of crop sown. • Proximity to major urban trade centres and nearness to the state border also helps in developing a bigger market supporting the agrarian economy from the region.
84. Agricultural Aspects: Agriculture is the main occupation of the people. Majority of sourrounding area is occupied by cotton and ground nut growers, due to this Sanawad has thread, ginning and ground nut oil mills and trading of these commodities. The main economic base of Sanawad town is mainly depends upon the Agriculture. Agriculture is the only component after trading that from the backbone of the economy. Sanawad sits in rich agriculture region, though lack of proper irrigation facility and modern agriculture practice are reducing the actual potential. Techniques are largely nominal, with the majority of the farmers still relying on traditional methods of farming. The main crops of the surrounding region are cotton, wheat, chillies and soyabean. Proximity of industries plays a major factor for the type of crop sown.
85. Trade & Commercial Aspects: Considering the fact that Sanawad is a small town, it’s not economically viable for the city to have a large scale commercial activity therefore only limited retail commercial exists in the town to support the daily needs of the people. Main economic drivers of Sanawad are Agriculture and Trading. The main crops grown in the region are cotton, wheat, chillies and soybean. Proximity of the industries plays a major factor for the type of the crop grown.
86. Agricultural produce market (Mandi) plays an important role in development of agrarian activities in the town, as it provides a plateform and services for transanction in the sector. Sanawad has two mandis on the Khargone road. However, the Mandis are non- operational. New land measuring 28 acres has been allotted for a larger ‘Mandi’ on Indore road. The earlier two mandis has been closed due to insufficiency of space. Presently the new Mandi in Sanawad has adequate land with other infrastructur facilities, which forms the backbone of economic activity in the town. The Mandi lacks efficient transport linkage like rail, Effeicient and economic transport facility will improve the overall agrarian economy. The Mandi has a catchment of 139 villages, covering 58 nagar panchayats. The nearest Mandi in the region is in Khargone and Burhanpur.
87. Industrial Aspects: Sanwad is the most important trade, commercial and industrial centre in the district. It has a flourishing Bidi manufacturing industry. A large cotton and grain market is also there. The government has started Cotton Spinning mills at the place. Majority of sourrounding area is occupied by cotton and ground nut growers, due to this Sanawad has thread, ginning and ground nut oil mills and trading of these commodities. Sanawad also hosted some of important spinning mills. Many of them private. One industry which is prominent is the cotton ginning factory located on the Indore- Khargone state highway within the municipal limits. Recently some of these mills have been closed down due to lack of facilities and supporting infrastructures like efficient transportation, linkage for transporting raw material and finished good to the markets. This has impacts on the employement as also on the crop production in the region. Other than this, brick kiln is one of the prominent industry in the city which provide employment to nearly 100 labours. Many of this brick kiln are using the soil of the river bed which is an ecological and environmental threat for the Bakud River. There are several various other small scale oil and other factories in the city giving employment to few labourers. In the vicinity of Sanawad and Barwaha city there are beer breweries. Associated Alcohols and Breweries Ltd., Aggarwal Breweries Private Limited are the two prominent breweries around the two cities. The city may experience a growth of such industries in the coming future.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
3. Infrastructure
88. Water Supply: Sanawad is situated on the banks of Bakud River which is a subsidiary of Narmada River. Despite this, since the water in the Bakud River is high on pollution, thus the existing water supply in the city is being done through Narmada River which is approximately 6.5 km away from the city centre. There is no tube well in the town, Narmada supplies 4.2 MLD of water daily in the town. With the population of 38,740 according to Census 2011, the water demand for the town, as per UDPFI norms of 135 LPCD, is 5.2 MLD. At present a total of 4.2 MLD of water is supplied to the city which is about 110 LPCD. The current level of the water supply is not sufficient to meet the current demand of the city. According to UDPFI guidelines, the norm for water distribution in urban areas should be 135 LPCD. Based on the guidelines, there is a gap of about 25 litre per person at present as the water supplied to the population is slightly lower than the recommended norms. The above shortfall is mainly because, there are pockets within the city where there is either no distribution line or it is in a dilapidated state. The population which is having a water connection to their house is receiving adequate amount of water at about 135 LPCD.
89. Proposals for Augmentation of Water Supply System: The water supply system has been recently implemented in the city due to which the current water supply status is adequate and there is no future proposal for augmentationof water supply system. The present water supply covers 100% of household.
90. Future Water Supply Assessment: Based on the requirements of the UDPFI guide lines for small cities, a gap analysis has been performed for up to 2045. The table below illustrates in detail the existing infrastructure as on date as well as the futuregaps:
Table 23: Present Water Supply for Sanawad Town
91. Looking at the present 7.5 MLD water treatment capacity and 2.7 MLD storage capacity within the city, the present water supply infrastructure in the city is sufficient to sustain the expected population in Sanawad up to 2021. The water supply project in the city has been recently implemented and is functioning well in the city. Though the present average per capita water supply in the city is 135 LPCD
92. Sewerage: Sanawad city does not have a comprehensive sewerage system for a safe disposal of sewage generated from city. Sewegae generated in the city either flows into storm water drains or individual septic tanks with a major portion lying unattended in various part of the city. Sullage from the city is carried out to the southern part through
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
natural streams acting as large drains. These streams terminate into Bakud river creating pollution problems. Out flow from septic tanks also meets these natural drains, leading to the river. Public toilets are also provided with septic tanks systems, adopting similar disposal technique. Sanawad completely lacks in sewerage collection system and treatment plant. In absence of conveyance system, household waste water flows through drains connected to households which in the end terminates into the Bakud River. The river is a tributary of Narmada and hence all the city waste water flows through Bakud and get disposed into Narmada River. As per the survey, it is found that majority of households use septic tanks for sewerage disposal while the rest of the households dispose it directly into the drains which are directly discharged into the river without any treatment. These open drains are a major contributor to the pollution in the river.
93. Storm Water Drainage: inadequate coverage of drain in the town (85.2% of total road length). Open drainage system is provided in towns for collection and conveyance of rain water from the town. Dueto lack of sewerage system, the drains are presently carrying wastewater including sewage. Since rains are confined only to a short duration in monsoon, the drains mostly carry wastewater. Indiscriminate disposal of solid waste into drains is common, due to which drains are often chocked, creating unhygienic conditions. Due to blockage and choking wastewater overflows from the nallas on to the surroundings. There is no provision of collection & treatment of waste water before entering into river, because of which untreated wastewater is polluting the river Bakud and then polluting sacred Narmada
94. Solid Waste Management: There is no proper solid waste management system in the towns. Respective municipal councils are responsible for SWM services their areas. Waste generated in the towns are collected and disposed by crude open dumping method in the outskirts of the towns. The main sources of waste in Sanawad city are individual houses, slums, commercial establishments, vegetable markets, road sweepings, hospitals and industries. At present there is no provision for door to door collection. Sanawad does not practices segregation at source as a whole. Individuals dump their domestic waste into the community bins. Irregular secondary collection of waste due to which waste is being spread on roads and dumped into open spaces. After collecting the waste from different areas & from different sources it is being transported with tractors/dumpers to the dumping site. Tractor-trailers are mainly used for transportation of waste. Transportation of waste into open vehicles lead to spilling of waste during transportation. No scientific disposal method and no private participants. No post dumping treatment is carried out at present. Waste generated is collected from secondary collection points, and disposed into a trenching ground located on the outer fringe of the city on Indore-Khandwa Road.
95. Power Supply: Thermal power is the main source of energy in Madhya Pradesh, contributing nearly 90% of the electricity, compared to hydropower, which produces the remainder.Powersupplysituation(Avg.daily22hoursofsupply).In Khargaon district during the year 2009-10, the consumption for industrial units was 114,108 K.W., domestic consumption units was 110,345 K.W., trade 20,142 K.W., water supply 161,098 K.W., irrigation 297,371 K.W. and street light was 2,677 K.W. Altogether total consumption of electricity was 705,741 K.W. and number of consumers were 241,329. As such, per head consumption was 461.57 K.W. 1,143, out of 1,170 villages were electrified which was 97.69 % of total villages.
96. Transport: Traffic in Sanawad is characterized by traffic movement on the Indore- Khandwa road, and khargone-Punasa road. Thease two road criss cross the city, leading to congestions of the internal traffic. Other traffic in the town mainly comprise of
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
auto rikshaws, two wheelers and light motor vehicles(LMV). Internal transport is catered through auto rikshaws (six seaters as well as auto rikshaws) and some ‘tangas’ (horse driven carts). Vehicle registration and traffic is managed under the Khargone road transport office (RTO). Percentage share of different vehicle types has been found by extrapolating information from Khargone RTO. Two wheelers from the largest portion of the traffic, with 86% vehicle share, followed by mini buses, tractors, and tempos (used mainly for goods carriage and public transportation).
97. The connectivity of the city to the neighbouring cities is very good. There is no form of public transportation system in town. Due to the small size of the town most of commuting in city is either by own vehicles or on foot. There is one only bus stand in the city which acts as the main Bus terminal & catering private operators.
E. Socio Cultural Resources
1. Demography
98. As per Census of India 2011, Sanawad had a population of 38740. Males constitute 19902 and females 18838. Sanawad has an average literacy rate of 74%. As per census 2011, workforce participation of the town is 33.3% out of which 89.5% are main workers while remaining 10.5% are marginal workers. The statistics shows that male workers are engaged more into work-force than the females. The work force distribution of the town is given in the table below:
Table 24: Work- force distribution of the town
Total Population Total Workers Main workers Marginal Workers 38740 12902 11548 1356 Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female 19902 18838 10619 2285 19902 18838 10619 2285 Source: DPR Consultant
99. Of the total worker, 86.6% of the workers are involved in the tertiary sector which includes trade and services while only 2.6% of workers are cultivators, 6.4% are agricultural workers and remaining 4.4% are engaged in household work. Category wise distribution of the labour is given in the table below:
Table 26: Category-wisedistributionoftheworkers
100. The city is surrounded by hundreds of very small villages and so is the main market area for those villages. On every Tuesday people from all these villages come to purchase their weekly required materials, whereas on Friday most of the shops remain closed. Main language spoken the project areas is Hindi.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
101. Educational Activities: At present Sanawad Municipality consists of 24 institutions out of which 16 are primary and middle schools, 6 are higher secondary schools and rest 2 are colleges.
2. History, Culture and Tourism
102. This is a beautiful town situated on the banks of Bakud River, which is a tributary of the Narmada River. It is known for Piranpir Evam Shitla Mata Mela or the "City of Mela". There is tomb of Piran-Pir, in whose honure an annual fair, lating for 15 days and attaraction about 7000 to 8000 persons, is held from 7th solar Margashirasha. Apart from tomb in Sanawad has a religious importance as it is also known for five Jain Temples. Among them Digambar Jain Sanmavsaran Templeis considered among the eight fanmous jain temples across india. As per List of Archeological Survey of India Protected Monuments in Madhya Pradesh, there is no any archeonological sites in Sanawad town. Nearest archaeological site is namely “Excavated Site” in Kasrawad town, which is at a distance of 52.8 km from Sanawad town. sanawad town finds key significance as a tourism destination due to its proximity to Omkareshwar, a holy place, (one of the 12 sacred Jyotirling in Hindu mythology), one of the important place of religious and tourist importance. It is located around 15 kms from Sanawad and 8 km from Omkareshwar road station of Western meter guage railway line.
103. Cultural Activities: Culture of Sanawad city is dominated by Hinduism. Being situated on banks of Bakud and Narmada River, it draws most of its cultural activities. Sanawad is full of festivals and celebrations, someof them are: Nag Panchami, Gudi Padava, Teez (New Year celebrations according to the Hindu calendar), All Mondays of Shravan month, Mahashivratri, Muharram, Samoti Amavas, Janmashtami, Rang Panchami and all other Indian festivals. Special rallies and juloos are conducted on these days making the city joyful.
104. Religious Activities: The city is a good example of Indian culture of unity between different religion and culture. The population of Sanawad city is composed of approximately 70% Hindus, 15%, Muslims 5%, Jain 5%, Sikh and 5% Christian. The city is peaceful as far as social harmony is considered. The city is of importance for Hindus due to presence of many ancient temples.
105. Tourism: Sanawad town itself does’nt have significant tourist attraction. There are five Jain Temples and tomb of Piran- Pir Evam Shitla Mata Melain Sanawad town and also holy place of Omkareshwar which is about 15 km from Sanawad town which are famous among local tourist.
F. Subproject Site Environmental Features
106. Features of the selected subproject sites are presented in the following table below.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Table 25:-Site Environmental Features - Sanawad
Infrastructure Location & Environment Feature Site Photograph Sewage The proposed STP located near Treatment Mauryan Nala, on the outer fringe of Plant the city on Indore- Khandwa Road. This site is located in between railway track and NH-27 (Indore-Khandwa road). Although, inhabited area is also reported on both side. Proposed STP site is landfill site located in old trenching ground in ward no. 3. The height of landfill is about 4m to 5m from road level. It is eyesore point of the city. Mourya Nalla is located on the southern side of proposed STP site. The existing nala are not in good conditions. Due to disposal of solid waste resulted in clogging and blockage of the nala. Nala is fully silted. A railway line is passing from proposed site at a distance of 50m (not in operation). Site is covered with bushes and Acacia trees locally known as kikar which is used for fire wood and surrounded by agricultural land
and Habitation. Site is surrounded by Photo of Maurya Nala at disposal inhabited area, agricultural lands, and location given below; there are developments within 15- 50
m of the site boundary.PMC and PMU team along with the local revenue department officials for 2 to 3 days gone for search of land but no suitable alternate site been found except this site. Ultimately government. has decided to go by this site. Overall the sanitation system around proposed STP site area is not in a healthy state, showing deficient sanitation and hygiene system due to landfill site and silted nalla. The existing condition at the site is very unheathly due to open defection and dumping of solid waste Photo of Railway Crossing near STP and overflowing nala. People are Site given below; facing day and night odour and other problems. Nearby people shown their willingness and happiness regarding proposing STP at that site. Proposal of STP at that site will not deteriote environment, it will further improve environment of the area HFL is above 3m from road level. Site comes under flood prone area. But as per local people no flooding occurred during last
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
10 years period. No Govt. land available for proposed STP except new landfill site. Site is currently vacant land under possession of ULB.Total land area required is 0.351 Ha. Land area (0.081+0.619) =0.699ha, (khasra No. 462& 463) is availablefor STP: which is 1.72 Acre = 6990 square meter. As per the Table No. 13 above it is clear that area required for STP based on Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) Technology is approximately 0.05 Ha. per 1 MLD of STP. Hence for Sanawad intermediate flow 5.58 MLD and ultimate 7.02 MLD STP total area required will be 0.05 x 7.02 = 0.351 Ha.
Thus for construction of STP for ultimate flow land area required is 0.351 Ha only in against of 0.699 Ha. Thus there will be enough area of 0.348 Ha (i.e.3480 sq.m) available for dense plantation and buffering. As the distance from STP boundary to Nearest propert/houses is 15-50m, and with the proposed green buffer zone with trees of 30m, the minimum distance from the STP units will be 45- 80m and also no odour generating potential units will be located towards habitation side.
Treated wastewater will be disposed into adjacent Maurya Nala, which, after traveling about 417 m, will meet Bakud River.There are no water intakes on the river. There is a check dam on u/s of disposal point. It is not for water supply but for irrigation purpose to control the flow of water. River flows down and meets Narmada River. Bakud riverafter traveling a distance of 29.6 km from STP discharge point, meets Narmada on d/s. (Refer Appendix 15)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Sewage Proposed IPS-1, located on jawahar Pumping marg in the compound of Bima Station (SPS) hospital which is currently abandoned. Proposed site is in the campus of Bima hospital which is now shut down and not in use since 1990. Only vacant land and dilapidated buildings of hospital and staff quartres are reported there and a large vacant area is also available there which can be used for proposed IPS1. is currently vacant and covered with bushes and trees and away from habitation at least 50-100 m away and surrounded by high boundary wall. One or two tree will be cut down during implementation. Green buffer zone around the IPS – shall be planted with sufficient trees in multi rows; which will act as a barrier for noise, air pollution from odor & insect nuisance due to operation of IPS.This will also improve the aesthetic appearance of the facility. As the distance from IPS-1 to nearest property/houses shall be kept approx 50-100m, and with the proposed green buffer zone with trees of 30m, the minimum distance from the IPS will be 80-130m. Layout plan of IPS-1 shall be devised in such a way that it will be farthest from houses. No notable sensitive features are found. Site not comes under low lying/flood prone area. Site is located within the town. Site is currently vacant, and is under possession of GoMP.Total land area required is 180 m2. Land available is 0.813 ha (Khasra No. 62/10). IPS-2 located on Khargone road near chamar mohalla adjacent to PWD rest house in Kirshi Upaj Mandi compound near by Bakud river. Land belongs to Kirshi Upaj Mandi, which is currently vacant and barren land and away from habitation. (Distance to the nearby house is away from 50m). Green buffer zone around the IPS – shall be planted with sufficient trees in multi rows; which will act as a barrier for noise, air pollution from odor & insect nuisance due to operation of IPS.This will also improve the aesthetic
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
appearance of the facility. As the distance from IPS-2 to nearest property/houses shall be kept approx 50m, and with the proposed green buffer zone with trees of 30m, the minimum distance from the IPS-2 will be 80m. Layout plan of IPS shall be devised in such a way that it will be farthest from hostel. Site is surrounded by barren land, houses and Brick kiln works. Site not comes under low lying/flood prone area. No notable sensitive features are found. Adequate land is in possession of ULB. Site is currently vacant, and is Public Land under Krishi Upaj Mandi, Sanawad, owned by Government of MP. Mandi is non-operational and presently Mandi has been closed due to insufficiency of space. Total land area required is 180 m2. Land available is 2.68 ha (Khasra no. 213). Pumping main Pipelines will be mostly laid along the main roads. Pipes will be laid underground. There are no trees along the roads and no tree cutting will be required along the road. Locating main sewer in the ROW along side the Road, to avoid acquiring agricultural land and affecting the livelihoods of farmers and farm workers.
.
Pipes will be laid along the Sewer Network roads/streets in the towns within the road right of way(ROW) of existing roads on unused land adjacent to roads wherever possible, to avoid
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
damaging roads and disrupting traffic and other activities. to avoid the need to acquire land or relocate people. In wider roads pipes/sewers will be laid in the roadshoulder, andinnarrow roads, where there is no space, pipes/sewers will be laidin the road carriage. Roads in the old part of the town are quite narrow(~3m), and in the rest of the town roads are wider. Roads are lines both sides with open drains. There are no trees along the roads, except in some new colonies in the outer areas. In old town areas pipes will be laid in the middle of the road, which may affect the traffic
However,laying of pipeline in centre of the road or sides etc. will be decided after utility surver during detailed design phase by DBO contractor.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 40: Proposed STP Site with Area around50, 100, 200 & 500m along with habitation Shown in Google Map
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 41: Proposed IPS-1Site on Jawahar Marg in Bima Hospital Compound with Area around 50,100,200 & 500 m Shown in Google Map
Figure 42: Proposed IPS-2 Site on Khargone road in Kirshi Upaj Mandi Compound with Area around 50,100,200 & 500 m Shown in Google Map
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
VI. ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES
107. Potential environmental impacts of the proposed infrastructure components are presented in this section. Mitigation measures to minimize/mitigate negative impacts, if any, are recommended along with the agency responsible for implementation. Monitoring actions to be conducted during the implementation phase is also recommended to reduce the impact.
108. Screening of potential environmental impacts are categorized into four categories considering subproject phases: location impacts and design impacts (pre-construction phase), construction phase impacts and operations and maintenance phase impacts.
a. Location impacts include impacts associated with site selection and include loss of on-site biophysical array and encroachment either directly or indirectly on adjacent environments. It also includes impacts on people who will lose their livelihood or any other structures by the development of that site. b. Design impacts include impacts arising from Investment Program design, including technology used, scale of operation/throughput, waste production, discharge specifications, pollution sources and ancillary services. c. Construction impacts include impacts caused by site clearing, earthworks, machinery, vehicles and workers. Construction site impacts include erosion, dust, noise, traffic congestion and waste production. d. O&M impacts include impacts arising from the operation and maintenance activities of the infrastructure facility. These include routine management of operational waste streams, and occupational health and safety issues.
109. Screening of environmental impacts has been based on the impact magnitude (negligible/moderate/severe – in the order of increasing degree) and impact duration (temporary/permanent).
110. This section of the IEE reviews possible project-related impacts, in order to identify issues requiring further attention and screen out issues of no relevance. ADB SPS (2009) require that impacts and risks will be analyzed during pre-construction, construction, and operational stages in the context of the project’s area of influence.
111. The ADB Rapid Environmental AssessmentChecklist in http://www.adb.org/documents/guidelines/environmental_assessment/eaguidelines002. asph as been used to screen the project for environmental impacts and to determine the scope of the IEE.
112. In the case of this project (i) most of the individual elements are relatively small and involve straightforward construction and operation, so impacts will be mainly localized and not greatly significant; (ii) most of the predicted impacts are associated with the construction process, and are produced because that process is invasive, involving excavation and earth movements; and some works are located in the reservoir and (iii) being mostly located in an urban area, will not cause direct impact on biodiversity values. The project will be in properties held by the local government and access to the project location is through public rights-of-way and existing roads hence, land acquisition and encroachment on private property will not occur.
A. Pre-Construction Impacts – Design & Location 113. ADB Environmental Assessment Guidelines require that an IEE should evaluate impacts due to the location, design, construction and operation of the project. Construction and operation are the two activities in which the project interacts
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
physically with the environment, so they are the two activities during which the environmental impacts occur. In assessing the effects of these processes therefore, all potential impacts of the project are identified, and mitigation is devised for any negative impacts.
114. In many environmental assessments there are certain effects that, although they will occur during either the construction or operation stage, should be considered as impacts primarily of the location or design of the project, as they would not occur if an alternative location or design was chosen.
115. The main impact from location and design may arise for pipe laying and STP and SPS sites. Most of the impacts for pipe laying are already mitigated during design by changing the pipe laying sites to less impact areas after detail survey. Also, trenchless method is adopted for State Highway crossings to reduce impact. Advance NOC needs to be taken for laying the pipes through roads, highways and through lands of other Government departments.STP design was modified and other technology was adopted so as the available free land will be sufficient for the construction of desired STP for Sanawad (STP –5.58 MLD). Though STP site is surrounded by habitation on both side. Distance of Habitation from STP boundary is approximately 15-50 m. To reduce impact of foul smell plantation in 2-3 rows on the periphery of STP land shall be done.
116. Design of the Proposed Components: Technical design of the (i) SewageTreatment Plant; (iii) Pumping mains, (iv) Pumping station, (v), Sewer Network; connections and other items, follows the relevant national planning and design guidelines, focusing on providing a robust system which is easy to operate, sustainable, efficient and economically viable.
117. Design of Sewage Treatment Plant. A 5.58 MLD STP is proposed to be constructed at the identified site to treat the sewage generated Sanawad Town. It is proposed that the treated wastewater will be disposed into Maurya Nala, which will meet Bakud river after travelling a distance of approximately 350 m. Subproject is proposed for implementation under design-build-operate mode of contract, and therefore detailed design of STP will be carriedout by the DBO contractor to meet the following prefixed treatment standards, which are more stringent than those of MoEFCC effluent disposal standards from STPs.SBR technology is already finalized during feasibility stage, and contractor will adopt this technology and design the facility.
Concentration in treated S.No Parameter wastewater
1. pH 6.5-9.0 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), 2. <10 mg/l 3. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), mg/l <50
4. Total Suspended Solids (TSS), mg/l <10
Sulphates mg/l 2
7. Fecal Coliform , MPN <100
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
118. SBR treatment process consists of following components:
➢ Inlet works with mechanical screens, grit removal, flow measurement and flow splitter box ➢ Batch reactors with individual inlet flow control and a fully automated process ➢ Mechanical sludge dewatering ➢ Sludge holding area
119. The SBR based STP will require uninterrupted power supply for operation of all the activities from inlet to treatment, and for sludge dewatering. Disruption in power supply will lead to process upset, may affect the efficiency of treatment, and result in treated effluent quality not meeting the disposal standards. Following measures are integrated into design and contracts to ensure efficient operation:
➢ Ensuring continuous uninterrupted power supply, including a back-up facility (such as generator) ➢ Providing operating manual with all standard operating procedures (SOPs) for operation and maintenance of the facility ➢ Necessary training to ULB staff dealing with STP ➢ Extended contract period for O & M, proper transfer of facility to ULB after compltetion of contract period with adequate technical know-how on O & M and hands-on training to ULB staff
120. Sludge Handling and Disposal. Sewage sludge generally consists of organic matter, pathogens, metals and micro pollutants. The concentration of parameters such as metals can be influenced by input to the sewers system from industry. Since no industrial wastewater is allowed into sewers, it is unlikely that sludge contains heavy metals. The sludge from reactors will be collected in sludge sump and conveyed to centrifuge for dewatering. The sludge in the form of a wet cake will be further air-dried in the sludge drying beds. The treatment and drying processes kill enteric bacteria and pathogens, and because of its high content of nitrates, phosphates and other plant nutrients the sludge is an excellent organic fertilizer for application to the land. Adequate drying is however necessary to ensure maximum kill of enteric bacteria. To achieve adequate drying minimum drying period (15 days) shall be ensured. The drying period, which will be varying depending on the season will be determined during operation and be followed. A sludge management plan will be developed by the DBO Contractor. Sludge shall be periodically tested for presence of heavy metals. Proper sludge handling methods should be employed. Personal Protection Equipment should be provided to the workers.
121. Dried and properly composted sludge can be used as soil conditioner. Periodic testing of dried sludge will be conducted to ensure that it does not contain heavy metals that make it unsuitable for food crops. Tests will be conducted to confirm the concentrations below the following standards. As there are no specific standards notified for sludge reuse, the compost quality standards notified under the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 have been adopted here. Rules stipulate that “In order to ensure safe application of compost, the following specifications for compost quality shall be met”. Refer Table16.
122. STP site selection and justification: Proposed STP site is located on the bank of Maurya Nala, on the outer fringe of the town on Indore-Khandwa road. This site is located in between railway track (A railway line is passing from proposed site at a distance of 50m (not in function)) and a national highway (NH-27, Indore-Khandwa road). Mourya Nalla flows on the southern side of proposed STP site. Site is
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
surrounded by houses (towards town) and agricultural lands. Nearest housing areas are located at 15 m (trenching mohalla) and 50 m Sanawad Mohalla) from the boundary of STP site
123. The objective of providing STP is to treat the sewage, collected from the various residential, commercial and institutional establishments, to achieve the pollution control standars with respect of the area under consideration. There are many parameters which require careful and judicious selection before setting off for the actual design of STP. The STP has been proposed after due oconsideration to the existing landuse of the site. Issues have been investigated before final selection include Government land availability, topography, drainage, surface/ground water, wind direction, power and water supply, accebility, disposal of effluent, ecosystem and local landuse. These parameters as mentioned hereunder shall be appropriately utilized during detailed design stage.
124. Now adays Government. land availability is most important and in such a small town like Sanawad it is very difficult to get suitable sites. No Government land available for proposed STP. As there are no suitable alternative sites, so STP site has been proposed on the outer fringe of the city on Indore-Khandwa road at old solid waste dumping ground.
125. Proposed STP site is located in southeastern outskirts of the town; closes residential areas are on the east (~ 15 m from the site boundary) and main town is towards west, and nearest houses are about 40 – 50 m from the site boundary. As stated above, this site was previously used as a municipal solid waste dump site, and thefore the accumuldated waste needs to be cleared of solid waste for construction of STP. A new municipal solid disposal site is available close (1 km) to the site, and it is proposed that waste accumulated will moved to new disposal site.
126. Due to open dumping and solid waste accumulation, the proposed STP site and surroundings are very unhealthy. Site is also used for open defecation by surrounding people. Maurya Nala, which carries wastewater from the town, flow adjacant to the site, and is chocked at the site due to solid waste, chocking the flow, and making the situation even worst. Some residential areas are located close to the site, and site poses public health concerns besides the environmental concerns. The ULB and local people are of the opinion that using this site for modern STP will rather improve the situation.
127. Site is curently vacant but covered with solid waste, and is owned by Government of Madhya Pradesh. Total land area required for STP is 0.351 ha, while availbe land area is 0.699 ha. This area is sufficient to provide green buffer zone around the facility. Normally STPs are located at a site where there is suitable means of disposal for treated wastwater (e.g. into a natural water course or irrigation canal). In the vicinity of STP site there is Maurya Nallah, so the STP effluent will be be discharged into it. Maurya nala, in the downstream, flow through agricultural lands, and join River Bakud on the downstream of Sanawad Checkdam on Bakud. This aspect presents a favorable option for reuse of effluent for agriculture purpose. Effluent shall be discharged for irrigation.
128. Odour and Noise Nuisance to Surrounding Areas due to STP operation. Although the proposed site is located on the town outskirts, there are few residential areas located close to the site on eastern/northeastern side (~ 15 m from the site boundary), followed by western side (~ 50 m). Southern side of the site covered is mostly with agricultural and vacant lands. The seasonal windrose pattern from the
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
nearest weather monitoring station at Khandwa shows wind predominantly blows from west and northwest during pre-monsoon and winter seasons, and during monsoon and post monsoon, wind direction is predominantly from northeast. With this wind pattern, very few houses will fall in the downwind. The proposed SBR treatment process being an aerobic process and conducted in a compacted and a closed system with automated operation, odour nuisance will be very minimal. Limited bad odours will be generated from wet well, primary treatment units and sludge treatment. Noise will be generated from operation pumps and motors, and this again is limited given enclosed facilities. However, adequate buffer around the plant and particularly towards habitation is precautionary. Besides operating the plant as per the standard operating procedures and regular maintenance activities, which will further minimize the odour and noise potential, the following measures are suggested for inclusion in the site planning and design: ➢ Provide a green buffer zone (20-30 m wide) of all around the STP (with maximum towards residential areas) with sufficient trees in multi-rows and land scaping. This will act as a visual screen around the facility and will improve the aesthetic appearance. Treated wastewater can be used for watering green areas and landscaping ➢ Develop the STP layout plan such that STP units with maximum odour generating potential are located farthest from the habitation; in layout design, develop office or other such facilities towards the habitation. ➢ Conduct odour and noise modeling during the detailed design, and check the noise and odour levels at the nearest property/ houses in compliance with standards; in case of predicted values exceeding the standards provide design measures like noise enclosure, enclosed facilities for odour generating units including odour capture and treatment facilities ➢ Providing proper drainage system in and around the proposed site for proper draining out of water during monsoon and due to operation of STP. ➢ As Mauraya nalla is located very close to proposed site, so rehabilitation and desilting of existing Maurya nala needs to be considered during implementation phase. ➢ Providing proper boundary for the site, especially high compound wall towards Residential area.
129. Handling and Disposal of Accumlated Solid Waste at Proposed STP Site. As stated earlier, selected STP site is covered with heaps (3 to 4 m height) of solid waste dumped from several years; this is a mixed waste. Visual appearance indicates that biodegradable waste is mostly degraded, and mixed with non-degradable wastes like plastic. For construction of STP, this solid waste will be transferred to new landfill site which is approx 1.0 km from the site, which is operated by Sanawad Nagar Parishad (SNP). This is part of scope of work of DBO Contract. The handling of this accumulated municipal waste will involve occupational health and safety issues to the workers engaged for such work and also to the people residing close to the work site. This is because the waste handling and working conditions will be harmful, and old dumps may also emit harmful gases. However, given the fact that it is a open dump of maximum 4-5 m height, and there are no recorded / noticed events of gas emissions and/or waste catching fire at the dump site, potential for gas emissions is very less. However, proper health and safety precautions are necessary. Following measures are to be implemented during the handling/ transfer of solid waste and site clearance:
➢ Work shall be only conducted under direct supervision of an EHS officer having experience in solid waste management ➢ Waste shall not be handled manually
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
➢ All workers shall be provided with necessary personal protection equipment, including gloves, boots, face / gas masks and oxygen cylinders in handy for emergency use etc.; if gas emission is suspected at any point of time, workers shall use gas masks with oxygen cylinders ➢ Inform surrounding public about the work ➢ Fire control and safety equipment shall be provided at the work site ➢ Waste shall be properly covered during transport ➢ Manage the solid waste as per the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016
130. Sewage Pumping stations. It is proposed to construct 2 sewage pumping stations, which will receive sewage from the catchment area and pump to STP. SPS are located at lowest point where the sewage from catchment area can be collected by gravity, and then pumped to a higher level, and ultimately to the STP. SPS will consist of inlet chamber with a screen; a sewage sump or wet well of dia 4 m to 6 m and 2.0 to 3.0 m deep to receive sewage and a pump room. A generator set will also be provided at each SPS as standy power.
131. SPS operation involves accumulation of incoming sewage very well, and then pumping out as the sewage level reaches the designed pumping depth. Water level in the well rises before the pumping cycle starts, and as the pumping is performed the water level goes down, registering its lowest depth at the end of pumping cycle. This cycle of rising and lowering will continue throughout the day and night, however, the duration between successive pumping cycles will significantly vary depending on the sewage generation. During morning and evening peak hours, sewage will accumulate quickly, and pumping frequency will be high. The sewage retention time in the suction well therefore varies throughout the day, with very high retention periods during the nights and mid-days.
132. Odour from pump stations. In the suction wells, the sewage emits gases, which accumulated in the air above water surface. The gas may include odourous compounds like hydrogen sulphides (H2S), amines, fatty acids, aldehydes, ketones and other volatile organic compounds (VOCs). As the water level rises before the pumping cycle, it physically displaces the air, along with the odourous gas compounds. H2S is the most dominant odour causing compound, and therefore can cause nuisance to nearby households. When sewage becomes stagnant, H2S is generated in the anaerobic conditions. The quantum of H2S generation depend on quantity of accumulated sewage and sewage retention time that create anaerobic conditions. Both increase in quantity of sewage accumulation and retention time will increase the H2S generation. Design considerations will be included to minimize the both as much as possible. The retention time will be kept to its lowest possible so that there is no stagnation of sewage for long time which could create anaerobic conditions.
133. Sites for pumping stations were identified based on the technical suitability and availability of government owned land parcels to avoid land acquisition. As far as possible sites away from inhabited areas are selected. Following mesures needs to be included in the layout design of the SPS to minimize nuisance to surrounding areas:
Layout planning related measures
➢ Locate wet wells within the identified site at an internal location as far as possible from nearest development ➢ Develop sufficientgreen buffer zone around the SPS with a combination of tall and densely growing trees in multi rows as per the land availability to control odour and also act as visual shield, and improve aesthetical appearance
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
➢ Provide of high compound wall
Design related measures to prevent and control odour
➢ Submersible sewage pumps of suitable rating, minimum submergence requirements ➢ Position of the submersible pumps and design of the wet well floor by providing necessary side benching / sloped flooring to allow for higher submergence during low flow shall be made to ensure regular pump operation and avoid sewage stagnation beyond the permissible limit. ➢ Diesel Generators shall be provided as standby power supply ➢ Develop standard operating procedures / operational manual for operation and maintenance SPS; this shall include emergency measures ➢ Provide training to the staff in SOPs and emergency procedures
134. Noise from pumping operations. Operation of pumps and motors and diesel generators is a major source of noise. Noise generated from lifting/pump stations can have continuous negative impacts on the surrounding population. Although STP and SPSsare located outside the Town, noise control measures are necessary. High inside noise levels can affect the health of operators and staff at the facilities, and therefore, noise levels needs to be maintained within and outside the facilities at acceptable levels. Internal noise level in a room measured at a distance of 1m from these pump sources typically will be in the range from 80 dB(A) to 100 dB(A).
➢ Procure good quality latest technology high pressure pumps that guarantee controlled noise at a level of around 80 dB(A) at a distance of 1 m ➢ Use appropriate building materials and construction techniques for pump houses which can absorb sound rather than reflect noise ➢ Use acoustic enclosures – manufacturer specified, for all pumps, motors ➢ Procure only CPCB approved generators with low emission and low noise fitted with acoustic enclosures ➢ Provide sound mufflers for ventilators in the plant rooms; and sound proof doors ➢ Provide ear plugs to workers
135. Energy Efficiency. Project area is mostly plain and gently sloping ground, it is therefore not technically feasible or economical to design a completely gravity system to collect sewage from individual houses and transfer the same the STP on the outskirts of the town. It necessitated provision of pumping stations, which are optimized to the extent possible to minimize the overall pumping. In the current design, sewage will be collected from the houses via sewer network and conveyed by gravity to the pumping stations. To optimize the power consumption, the hydraulic design shall follow optimal approach, and the following also to be considered in design and selection of pumping systems. According to Manual for the Development of Municipal Energy Efficiency Projects in India (jointly developed by Beaurau of Energey Efficiency (BEE) and International Finance Corporation in 2008), energy savings, at minimum, of 25% to 40% is possible with appropriate measures. The following measures shall be considered and incorporated into the subproject designs:
➢ Using low-noise and energy efficient pumping systems ➢ Efficient Pumping system operation ➢ Installation of Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs)
136. Sewer Network. Following design considerations are to be included in sewer network planning and design:
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
➢ Limit the sewer depth where possible. ➢ Sewers shall be laid away from water supply lines and drains (at least 1 m, wherever possible); ➢ In all cases, the sewer line should be laid deeper than the water pipeline (the difference between top of the sewer and bottom of water pipeline should be atleast 300mm) ➢ In unavoidable, where sewers are to be laid close to storm water drains or canals or natural streams, appropriate pipe material shall be selected (stoneware pipes shall be avoided) ➢ For shallower sewers, use small inspection chambers in lieu of manholes; ➢ Design manhole covers to withstand anticipated loads & ensure that the covers can be readily replace if broken to minimize silt/garbage entry ➢ Ensure sufficient hydraulic capacity to accommodate peak flows & adequate slope in gravity mains to prevent buildup of solids and hydrogen sulfide generation ➢ Equip pumping stations with a backup power supply, such as a diesel generator, to ensure uninterrupted operation during power outages, and conduct regular maintenance to minimize service interruptions. Consider redundant pump capacity in critical areas
137. Utilities: Telephone lines, electric poles and wires, water lines within the proposed project locations may require to be shifted in few cases. To mitigate the adverse impacts due to relocation of the utilities, the contractor, in collaboration with ULB will (i) identify the locations and operators of these utilities to prevent unnecessary disruption of services during construction phase; and (ii) instruct construction contractors to prepare a contingency plan to include actions to be done in case of unintentional interruption of services.
138. Site selection of construction work camps, stockpile areas, storage areas, and disposal areas: Priority is to locate these near the project location. However, if it is deemed necessary to locate elsewhere, sites to be considered will not promote instability and result in destruction of property, vegetation, irrigation, and drinking water supply systems. Residential areas will not be considered for setting up construction camps to protect the human environment (i.e., to curb accident risks, health risks due to air and water pollution and dust, and noise, and to prevent social conflicts, shortages of amenities, and crime). Extreme care will be taken to avoid disposals near forest areas, water bodies, or in areas which will
139. Site selection of sources of materials: Significant quantities of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate will be required for construction works. Requirement of gravel is limited. Contractor should procure these materials only from the quarries permitted/licensed by Mines and Geology Department. Contractor should, to the maximum extent possible, procure material from existing quarries, and creation of new quarry areas should be avoided as far as possible. It will be the construction contractor’s responsibility to verify the suitability of all material sources and to obtain the approval of Department of Mines & Geology and local revenue administration.
B. Construction Impacts
1. Construction Works
140. The works are spread over entire town, and thereforetheimplementation of the project will affect a significant proportion of the town as branches of the new sewerage network will be built alongside almost all roads and streets. Areas outside the town will
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
also be affected, by construction of the SPS and STP. However, it is not expected that the construction work will cause major negative impacts, mainly because:
• Sewer network will be built on unused ground alongside existing roads and can be constructed without causing major disruption to road users and any adjacent houses, shops and other businesses; • SPS andSTP will be located on government-owned land that is not occupied or used for any other purpose; • Most network construction will be conducted by small teams working on short lengths at a time so most impacts will be localized and short in duration; and • The overall construction programme will be relatively short for a project of this nature, and is expected to be completed in 2 years.
141. STP Construction Works: STP will involve construction of:
• Raw Sewage Pumping Station • Pre-treatment works like inlet chamber, Fine Screen channels De gritting Tanks Flow measuring Channel and Flow distribution box • Sewage Treatment Plant based on SBR Technology • Treated Effluent Disposal Works
142. SPS Construction Works: SPS will involve construction of:
• Inlet and screen chamber • Wet well • Pump room and diesel generator platform
143. The STP and SPS works will be confined to sites, and construction will include general activities like excavation for foundation, construction of foundations, columns, walls and roof in cement concrete and masonry, and fixing of mechanical and electrical fixtures, etc. SBR technology STP will involve several mechanical and electrical components which will be brought to site, assembled and installed.
144. Sewer laying works: This works involves construction of following compoents:
• 49,442msecondary and tertiary network; pipes will be of small diameter (100 to 400 mm); will be located in trenches along side roads (average width 1.150 to 1.50 m and depth 0.9 to9.0m) • 3,157 m Pumping mains (2282 m pumping main&875 m gravity main); pipes will be 200 mm to 400 mm in diameter; and will be located in trenches along side roads (average width 1.250 to1.50 m and depth 1.300 to 1.520 m)
145. Most pipes will be buried in trenches immediately adjacent to roads, in the un-used area within the ROW, alongside the edge of the tarmac. The main and secondary sewers will be located alongside main roads, where there is generally more than enough free space to accommodate the pipeline. However, in parts of the tertiary network where roads are narrow, this area is occupied by drains or the edges of shops and houses etc., so the trenches may have to be dug into the edge of the road.
146. Trenches will be dug by backhoe digger, supplemented by manual digging where necessary. Excavated soil will be placed nearby, and the pipes (brought to site on trucks and stored on unused land nearby) will be placed in the trench by crane or using a small rig. After the pipes are joined, loose soil will be shoveled back into the trench, and the surface layer will be compacted by hand-operated compressor.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
147. At intervals, manholes will be constructed to allow inspection and clearance of blockages and sediment during operation. These will be excavated by backhoe or manually. Manholes will be constructed in brick masonry or RCC.
148. As noted above, some of the narrower roads are constructed of concrete and have no available space at the edge because of the presence of drains, or shop- and house- fronts encroaching into the ROW. In these places it may be necessary to break open the surface of the road using hand-held pneumatic drills, after which the trench and pipeline will be constructed as described above. On completion, a concrete layer will be re-applied to the surface to repair the road.
149. Anticipated impacts during the construction phase are discussed below along with appropriate mitigation measures to avoid, minimize or mitigate those impacts to acceptable levels.
2. Construction Impacts
150. Sources of Materials. Significant amount of sand and coarse aggregate will be required for this project, which will be sourced from quarries. Quarries inevitably cause extensive physical changes; as construction materials are excavated from the ground, leaving large cavities, or levelling hillsides, etc. The physical damage caused by quarries is controlled by allowing them to operate within specific limited areas only, so the damage is restricted in extent and not allowed to spread indiscriminately. New quarries are subject to a rigorous process of environmental assessment to ensure appropriate siting and adequate environmental controls on the operation. It will therefore be important to ensure that construction materials for this project are obtained from government approved licensed quarries only, to ensure these controls are in place. In Sanwad, construction sand is normally obtained from Narmada river (about 6 km), and gravel and aggregate from Khargone (about 66 km). Contractor should avoid new borrow pits / quarries as far as possible, if necessary, all the permissions, including conduct of environmental assessment, and environmental clearance as necessary shall be obtained prior to start of quarrying activity. The contractor should also make a concerted effort to re-use as much excavated material from this project as possible. The construction contractor will be required to:
(i) Obtain construction materials only from government approved quarries with prior approval of PIU (ii) PIU to review, and ensure that proposed quarry sources have all necessary clearances/ permissions in place prior to approval (iii) Contractor to submit to PIU on a monthly basis documentation on material obtained from each sources (quarry/ borrow pit) (iv) Avoid creation of new borrow areas, quarries etc., for the project; if unavoidable, contractor to obtain all clearances and permissions as required under law, including Environmental Clearance (EC) prior to approval by PIU
151. Air Quality. Construction work, especially from earthwork activities, coupled with dry and windy working conditions, material and debris transport, and works along the public roads carrying significant traffic, have high potential to generate dust. Significant quantities of earthwork will be conducted in the subproject, spread all over the project area. 95% of the excavated soil will be reused for filling the trenches. Also, emissions from construction vehicles, equipment, and machinery used for excavation and construction will induce impacts on the air quality. Anticipated impacts include dust and increase in concentration of vehicle-related pollutants such as carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, particulate matter, nitrous oxides, and hydrocarbons. Dust generation from
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
construction work in individual and confined work sites like STP, pumping stations etc., will be mainly during the initial construction phase of earth work, as the site is confined, dust can be effectively controlled with common measures. While pumping and lifting stations are located within residential neighbourhoods, STP is located outside the town, away from habitation area. Dust generation will be significant during sewer laying along the roads. Increase in dust/ particulate matter in ambient air is detrimental, and may have adverse impacts on people and environment. To mitigate the impacts, construction contractors will be required to:
For all construction works
(i) Provide a dust screen around STP worksite (ii) Damp down the soil and any stockpiled material on site by water sprinkling; (iii) Stabilize surface soils where loaders, support equipment and vehicles will operate by using water and maintain surface soils in a stabilized condition (iv) Apply water prior to levelling or any other earth moving activity to keep the soil moist throughout the process (v) Cover the soil stocked at the sites with tarpaulins (vi) Control access to work area, prevent unnecessary movement of vehicle, public trespassing into work areas; limiting soil disturbance will minimize dust generation (vii) Use tarpaulins to cover the loose material (soil, sand, aggregate etc.,) when transported by open trucks; (viii) Control dust generation while unloading the loose material (particularly aggregate, sand, soil) at the site by sprinkling water and unloading inside the barricaded area (ix) Clean wheels and undercarriage of haul trucks prior to leaving construction site (x) Ensure that all the construction equipment, machinery are fitted with pollution control devises, which are operating correctly, and have a valid pollution under control (PUC) certificate
For sewer works
(i) Barricade the construction area using hard barricades (ii) Initiate site clearance and excavation work only after barricading of the site is done (iii) Confine all the material, excavated soil, debris, equipment, machinery (excavators, cranes etc.,), to the barricaded area (iv) Limit the stocking of excavated material at the site; remove the excess soil from the site immediately to the designated disposal area (v) Undertake the work section wise; and conduct work sequentially - excavation, sewer laying, backfilling; testing section-wise (for a minimum length as possible) so that backfilling, stabilization of soil can be done. (vi) Remove the excavated soil of first section to the disposal site (vii) Backfilled trench at any completed section after removal of barricading will be the main source of dust pollution. The traffic, pedestrian movement and wind will generate dust from backfilled section. Road restoration shall be undertaken immediately.
152. Surface Water Quality. Run-off from stockpiled materials and chemicals from fuels and lubricants during construction works can contaminate water quality of the receiving water bodies and streams/rivers. There are ponds and riverin the project area, which mostly drains into the central pond and into Dudhi River. t is important that runoff from
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
the construction areas, which may contain silt and chemical traces do not enter the river and the water bodies. Impact will be temporary, and but needs to be mitigated. Construction contractor will be required to:
(i) All earthworks be conducted during the dry season to prevent the problem of soil/silt run-off during rains (ii) Avoid stockpiling of earth fill especially during the monsoon season unless covered by tarpaulins or plastic sheets; (iii) Prioritize re-use of excess spoils and materials in the construction works. If spoils will be disposed, only designated disposal areas shall be used; (iv) Install temporary silt traps or sedimentation basins along the drainage leading to the water bodies; (v) Place storage areas for fuels and lubricants away from any drainage leading to water bodies; (vi) Store fuel, construction chemicals etc., on an impervious floor, also avoid spillage by careful handling; provide spill collection sets for effective spill management (vii) Dispose any wastes generated by construction activities in designated sites; and (viii) Conduct surface quality inspection according to the Environmental Management Plan (EMP).
153. Surface and Groundwater Quality. Another physical impact that is often associated with excavation is the effect on drainage and the local water table if groundwater and surface water collect in the voids. In the project area, groundwater table is much deeper than the anticipated excavation depth and therefore this impact is not envisaged. However, during the rains, water will be collected in open pits and trenches. The water collected in excavated pits will contain silt and disposal of this in drainage channels lead to silting. To avoid this the contractor needs to be implement the following measures:
(i) As far as possible control the entry of runoff from upper areas into the excavated pits, and work area by creation of temporary drains or bunds around the periphery of work area (ii) Pump out the water collected in the pits / excavations to a temporary sedimentation pond; dispose off only clarified water into drainage channels/streams after sedimentation in the temporary ponds (iii) Consider safety aspects related to pit collapse due to accumulation of water
154. Generation of Construction Wastes. Solid wastes generated from the construction activities are excess excavated earth (spoils), discarded construction materials, cement bags, wood, steel, oils, fuels and other similar items. Domestic solid wastes may also be generated from the workers’ camp. Improper waste management could cause odor and vermin problems, pollution and flow obstruction of nearby watercourses and could negatively impact the landscape. 95% of the excavated soil will be reused, and the remaining soil needs to be disposed safely. The following mitigation measures to minimize impacts from waste generation shall be implemented by the contractor:
(i) Prepare and implement a Construction Waste (Spoils) Management Plan (ii) As far as possible utilize the debris and excess soil in construction purpose, for example for raising the ground level or construction of access roads etc.,
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
(iii) Avoid stockpiling any excess spoils at the site for long time. Excess excavated soils should be disposed off to approved designated areas immediately (iv) If disposal is required, the site shall be selected preferably from barren, infertile lands; sites should have located away from residential areas, forests, water bodies and any other sensitive land uses (v) Domestic solid wastes should be properly segregated in biodegradable and non-biodegradable for collection and disposal to designated solid waste disposal site; create a compost pit at workers camp sites for disposal of biodegradable waste; non-biodegradable / recyclable material shall be collected separately and sold in the local recycling material market (vi) Residual and hazardous wastes such as oils, fuels, and lubricants shall be disposed off in disposal sites approved by TNPCB; (vii) Prohibit burning of construction and/or domestic waste; (viii) Ensure that wastes are not haphazardly thrown in and around the project site; provide proper collection bins, and create awareness to use the dust bins. (ix) Conduct site clearance and restoration to original condition after the completion of construction work; PIU to ensure that site is properly restored prior to issuing of construction completion certificate
155. Noise and Vibration Levels. Components are located within urban area, where there are houses, schools and hospitals, religious places and businesses in the surrounding area. The sensitive receptors are the general population in these areas. Increase in noise level may be caused by excavation, particularly breaking of cement concrete or bitumen roads for laying of sewers, operation of construction equipment, and the transportation of equipment, materials, and people. Vibration generated from construction activity, for instance from the use of pneumatic drills, will have impact on nearby buildings. This impact is negative short-term, and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:
(i) Plan activities in consultation with PIU so that activities with the greatest potential to generate noise are conducted during periods of the day which will result in least disturbance; (ii) Minimize noise from construction equipment by using vehicle silencers, fitting jackhammers with noise-reducing mufflers, and use portable street barriers to minimise sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor; and (iii) Maintain maximum sound levels not exceeding 80 decibels (dBA) when measured at a distance of 10 m or more from the vehicle/s. (iv) Identify any buildings at risk from vibration damage and avoiding any use of pneumatic drills or heavy vehicles in the vicinity; (v) Horns should not be used unless it is necessary to warn other road users or animals of the vehicle’s approach; (vi) Consult local communities in advance of the work to identify and address key issues, and avoid working at sensitive times, such as religious and cultural festivals.
156. Accessibility and Traffic Disruptions. Excavation along the roads for laying of sewers, hauling of construction materials and operation of equipment on-site will cause traffic problems. Main roads carrying traffic in the subproject area include the following:
157. The town has major congestion on the Jawahar road (near the bus stand area), Bhagatsingh road (near the railway station), and cross road of Bhavani roadand Azar road. These congestion is mainly due to mixed movement of heavy traffic, and light
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
traffic.
158. Road network is marked by two major regional transit corridors; Indore-Khandwa road SH-27 and Khargone-Punasa road. The municipality has a mix of WBM, BT, and CC road with road width raging from 3.0 m to 7.0 m. Most of the main roads are BT road, where as other access roads are CC roads. Indore-Khandwa, Khargone-Punsa are the main transit corridors of the town. These two roads dissect the town in four parts. Total road network of Sanawad municipality is 33.95 km which includes nearly 3 km of SH-27 road. Traffic gets chocked due to movement of fast moving heavy vehicles, and slow-moving vehicles on these two roads. (Refer Table-7). Table provides the details of road network.
Table 26: Details of Road Network
Type Length in km % Municipal Roads Cement Concrete 26.19 75 Bitumen Top roads 3.96 13 WBM roads 3.80 12 Earthen roads Total 30.95 91 Roads Maintained by other agencies State Highways 3 9 Total length of roads 33.95 Source: Census of India, 2001 and Sanawad Municipality.
Details of Diameter Wise Proposed Trench Width& Depth
Pipe Diameter Min. Depth Max. Depth Average Trench (m) (m) Width (m) 100 0.9 7.39 1.150 135 0.91 8.97 1.200
170 3.13 8.36 1.210 250 1.23 8.24 1.300 400 1.38 7.63 1.50
159. Internal roads in the town are very narrow. Traffic movement will be mostly disrupted. Works related to all the remaining components (pumping stations and STP) will be confined to the selected sites, therefore there is no direct interference of these works with the traffic and accessibility. Hauling of construction material, equipment, construction waste, etc., to and from the work site may increase the road traffic on local roads. This will further inconvenience the local community and road users. Potential impact is negative but short term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:
Sewer works
(i) Prepare a sewer work implementation; ensure that for each road where the work is being undertaken there is an alternative road for the traffic
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
movement; take up the work in sequential way so that public inconvenience is minimal (ii) Provide temporary diversions, where necessary and effectively communicate with general public (iii) Undertake the work section wise (iv) Confine work areas in the road carriageway to the minimum possible extent; all the activities, including material and waste/surplus soil stocking should be confined to this area. (v) Proper barricading should be provided; avoid material/surplus soil stocking in congested areas – immediately removed from site/ or brought to the as and when required (vi) Limit the width of trench excavation as much as possible by adopting best construction practices; adopt vertical cutting approach with proper shoring and bracing; this is especially to be practiced in narrow roads and deeper sewers; if the deep trenches are excavated with slopes, the roads may render completely unusable during the construction period (vii) Leave spaces for access between mounds of soil to maintain access to the houses / properties; access to any house or property shall not be blocked completely; alternative arrangements, at least to maintain pedestrian access at all times to be provided (viii) Provide pedestrian access in all the locations; provide wooden/metal planks over the open trenches at each house to maintain the access. (ix) Inform the affected local population 1-week in advance about the work schedule (x) Plan and execute the work in such a way that the period of disturbance/ loss of access is minimum. (xi) Keep the site free from all unnecessary obstructions; (xii) Notify affected public by public information notices, providing sign boards informing nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints. Provide information to the public through media – newspapers and local cable television (TV) services (xiii) At work site, public information/caution boards shall be provided including contact for public complaints
Hauling (material, waste/debris and equipment) activities
(i) Plan transportation routes so that heavy vehicles do not use narrow local roads, except in the immediate vicinity of delivery sites (ii) Schedule transport and hauling activities during non-peak hours; (iii) Drive vehicles in a considerate manner (iv) Notify affected public by public information notices, providing sign boards informing nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints.
160. Socio-Economic – Income. Sites for all projects components are carefully selected in government owned vacant lands and therefore there is no requirement for land acquisition or any resettlement. Blocking of access to the business / livelihood activities, especially during pipeline laying along the roads, may impact the income of households. Some shops and other premises along the roads may lose business income if the access will be impeded by excavation of trenches. Access disruption tosocio cultural places will inconvenience public. Implementation of the following best construction measures will avoid the disturbance reduce the inconvenience and disturbance to the public. Resettlement and social issues are being studied in a parallel resettlement planning study of this subproject.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
(i) Inform all businesses and residents about the nature and duration of any work well in advance so that they can make necessary preparations; (ii) Do not block any access; leave spaces for access between barricades/mounds of excavated soil and other stored materials and machinery, and providing footbridges so that people can crossover open trenches (iii) Barricade the construction area and regulate movement of people and vehicles in the vicinity, and maintain the surroundings safely with proper direction boards, lighting and security personnel – people should feel safe to move around (iv) Control dust generation (v) Immediately consolidate the backfilled soil and restore the road surface; this will also avoid any business loss due to dust and access inconvenience of construction work. (vi) Employee best construction practices, speed up construction work with better equipment, increase workforce, etc., in the areas with predominantly commercial, and with sensitive features like hospitals, and schools; (vii) Consult businesses regarding operating hours and factoring this in work schedules; and (viii) Provide sign boards for pedestrians to inform nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints.
161. Socio-Economic – Employment. Manpower will be required during the 24-months construction stage. This can result in generation of temporary employment and increase in local revenue. Thus, potential impact is positive and long-term. The construction contractor will be required to:
(i) Employ local labour force as far as possible
162. Occupational Health and Safety. Workers need to be mindful of the occupational hazards which can arise from working in confined areas such as trenches, working at heights, near the heavy equipment operating areas etc., Potential impacts are negative and long-term but reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:
(i) Follow all national, state and local labour laws; (ii) Develop and implement site-specific Occupational Health andSafety (OHS) Plan which shall include measures such as: (a) safe and documented construction procedures to be followed for all site activities; (b) ensuring all workers are provided with and use personal protective equipment; (c) OHS Training3 for all site personnel, (d) excluding public from the work sites; and (e) documentation of work-related accidents; Follow International Standards
3 Some of the key areas that may be covered during training as they relate to the primary causes of accidents include (i) slips, trips and falls; (ii) personal protective equipment; (iii) ergonomics, repetitive motion, and manual handling; (iv) workplace transport; and (v) legislation and responsibilities. Training can provide the foundations of competence but it does not necessarily result in a competent worker. Therefore, it is essential to assess staff competence to ensure that the training provided is relevant and effective. Supervision and monitoring arrangements shall be in place to ensure that training has been effective and the worker is competent at their job. The level of supervision and monitoring required is a management decision that shall be based on the risks associated with the job, the level of competence required, the experience of the individual and whether the worker works as part of a team or is a lone worker.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
such as the World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines4. (iii) Ensure that qualified first-aid is provided at all times. (iv) Secure all installations from unauthorized intrusion and accident risks; Ensure proper safety measures during trench excavations; provide bracing / shoring in all trenches (v) Provide health and safety orientation training to all new workers to ensure that they are apprised of the basic site rules of work at the site, personal protective protection, and preventing injuring to fellow workers; (vi) Ensure the visibility of workers through their use of high visibility vests when working in or walking through heavy equipment operating areas; (vii) Ensure moving equipment is outfitted with audible back-up alarms; (viii) Mark and provide sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal. Signage shall be in accordance with international standards and be well known to, and easily understood by workers, visitors, and the general public as appropriate; and (ix) Disallow worker exposure to noise level greater than 85 dBA for duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection. The use of hearing protection shall be enforced actively. (x) Provide supplies of potable drinking water; (xi) Provide clean eating areas where workers are not exposed to hazardous or noxious substances
163. Community Health and Safety. Sewers works and deep excavations along the roads and narrow streets, and hauling of equipment and vehicles have potential to create safety risks to the community. Deep excavations without any proper protection may endanger the close by buildings. Hazards posed to the public, specifically in high- pedestrian areas may include traffic accidents and vehicle collision with pedestrians. Residential area is located close (50 m) from the STP work site. Proper precautions need to be taken to confirne the workers operations to the site, so that there is no disturbance or safety risk to the hostel inmates.
164. Potential impact is negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:
(i) Confine work areas; prevent public access to all areas where construction works are on-going through the use of barricading and security personnel (ii) Attach warning signs, blinkers to the barricading to caution the public about the hazards associated with the works, and presence of deep excavation; provide proper safety measures in trenches - provide bracing / shoring in all trenches; where required provide supports anchors or suitable arrangement to nearby building to avoid any safety or damage or collapse risk (iii) Provide proper boundary for the site, especially high compound wall towards Habitation area (iv) Contractor shall create awareness and no activities shall be extended outside the site, especially towards the hostel; enfore strict site rules so that there is no disturbance or safety risk (v) Minimize the duration of time when the sewer trench is left open through careful planning; plan the work properly from excavation to refilling and road relaying
4http://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/a99ab8804365b27aa60fb6d3e9bda932/EHS-Guidelines+101- Webinar.pdf?MOD=AJPERES
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
(vi) Control dust pollution – implement dust control measures as suggested under air quality section (vii) Ensure appropriate and safe passage for pedestrians along the work sites (viii) Provide road signs and flag persons to warn of on-going trenching activities. (ix) Restrict construction vehicle movements to defined access roads and demarcated working areas (unless in the event of an emergency) (x) Enforce strict speed limit (20 kmph) for plying on unpaved roads, construction tracks (xi) At sensitive locations particularly where there are schools and markets close to the road, awareness of safety issues will be raised through neighbourhood awareness meetings (xii) All drivers and equipment operators will undergo safety training (xiii) Maintain regularly the construction equipment and vehicles; use manufacturer-approved parts to minimize potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or premature failure.
165. Construction Camps.Contractor may require to set up construction camps – for temporary storage of construction material (sewer, cement, steel, fixtures, fuel, lubricants etc.,), and stocking of surplus soil, and may also include separate living areas for migrant workers. The contractor will however be encouraged to engage local workers as much as possible. Operation of work camps can cause temporary air, noise and water pollution, and may become a source of conflicts, and unhealthy environment if not operated properly. Potential impacts are negative but short-term and reversible by mitigation measures. The construction contractor will be required to:
(i) Consult PIU before locating project offices, sheds, and construction plants; (ii) Select a camp site away from residential areas (at least 100 m buffer shall be maintained) or locate the camp site within the existing facilities of City Corporation (iii) Avoid tree cutting for setting up camp facilities (iv) Provide a proper fencing/compound wall for camp sites (v) Camp site shall not be located near (100 m) water bodies, flood plains flood prone/low lying areas, or any ecologically, socially, archeologically sensitive areas (vi) Separate the workers living areas and material storage areas clearly with a fencing and separate entry and exit (vii) Ensure conditions of liveability at work camps are maintained at the highest standards possible at all times; living quarters and construction camps shall be provided with standard materials (as far as possible to use portable ready to fit-in reusable cabins with proper ventilation); thatched huts, and facilities constructed with materials like GI sheets, tarpaulins, etc., shall not be used as accommodation for workers (viii) Camps shall be provided with proper drainage, there shall not be any water accumulation (ix) Provide drinking water, water for other uses, and sanitation facilities for employees (x) Prohibit employees from cutting of trees for firewood; contractor should provide cooking fuel (cooking gas); fire wood not allowed (xi) Train employees in the storage and handling of materials which can potentially cause soil contamination (xii) Wastewater from the camps shall be disposed properly either into sewer system; if sewer system is not available, provide on-site sanitation with septic tank and soak pit arrangements (xiii) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the site;
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
(xiv) Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; provide a compost pit for bio degradable waste, and non-biodegradable / recyclable waste shall be collected and sold in local market (xv) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures which are no longer required; and (xvi) At the completion of work, camp area shall be cleaned and restored to pre- project conditions, and submit report to PIU; PIU to review and approve camp clearance and closure of work site
B. Operation and Maintenance Impacts
166. Operation and Maintenance of the sewerage system will be carried out by DBO operation for a duration of 10 years, and after which it will be transferred to Sanawad Nagar Parishad During the system design life (15/30 years for mechanical/civil components) it shall not require major repairs or refurbishments and should operate with little maintenance beyond routine actions required to keep the equipment in working order. The stability and integrity of the system will be monitored periodically to detect any problems and allow remedial action if required. Any repairs will be small- scale involving manual, temporary, and short-term works involving regular checking and recording of performance for signs of deterioration, servicing and replacement of parts.
167. Operation and Maintenance of Improved Sewerage System: The new sewerage system will collect and treat all domestic wastewater sewage produced in Sanawad town. The treatment technology (SBR) is approved by the Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization (CPHEEO). The proposed design discharge values of SBR based STP treated effluent is much stringent than the standards specificed by theMinistry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MOEFCC) for discharge from STPs (Notification dated 13th October 2017 for the discharge of treated sewage from STPs). Comparative values are given in the following table.
Table 27: Proposed Design Effluent Values for STP and Discharge Standards of MoEFCC S. Parameters Raw Sewage Design Value MoEFCC STP No. Values for Sanawad Discharge SBR STP Standard 1. Biochemical Oxygen 200-250mg/l < 10 mg/L 30 mg/L Demand 0 (BOD5 at 20 C) 2. Total Suspended Solis 350-450mg/l < 10 mg/L < 100 mg/L (TSS) 3. Chemical Oxygen Demand 300 – 400mg/l < 50 mg/L < 50 mg/L (COD) 4. Total Nitrogen as N 40-50 mg/l < 10 mg/L < 10 mg/L 5. Ammonical Nitrogen as N 40-50 mg/l < 5 mg/L < 5 mg/L 6. Phosphorous as P 5-7 mg/l < 2 mg/L < 2 mg/L 7. Fecal coliform MPN/100 ml 107- 108 < 230 MPN/100 <1000 MPN/100 ml ml
168. In SBR technology the odour will be minimal and development of greenbelts in and
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
around the STP will further minimize the effect. The financial provision has been considered for development of greenbelt.
169. Discharge of Treated Wastewater from STP. The STP site is located near Maurya Nala and the treated sewage will be discharge directly in to Maurya Nala through a gravity through pipeline of diameter 250mm and length 16 m. After traveling a distance of 350 m, Maurya Nala meets Bakud river. Sanawad check dam is constructed across Bakud River, and Maurya Nala meets downstream of this check dam, water from this checkdam is used only irrigation purposes. Bakud mostly carries wastewater except during rains, and therefore it is not used for any potable purposes, but for agricultural use. There are no intake points on the river in the downstream of disposal location. Agrcutlrual lands are all along the river course. River meets Narmada River, a very large and perennial river, about 25 km downstream of disposal point. Given the high-quality treatment provided in the SBR based treatment plant, and flowing for 25 km prior to meeting river, there are no impacts envisaged on River Narmada, even if the flow reaches Narmada. Regular monitoring will be conducted to check the treatment quality. Baseline water quality of Dudhi River will be established during the detailed design stage by DBO Contractor.
170. Sludge Dewatering System: Sludge Dewatering System shall consist of the following: • Sludge Sump and Thickener Feed Pump House • Sludge Thickener (Gravity) • Thickened Sludge Sump and Centrifuge Feed pumps • Centrifuge & Polyelectrolyte Dosing System 171. A Sludge Sump and Pump House shall be provided for collection and transfer of sludge from SBR Reactors to sludge thickener. The thickener shall be provided to thicken sludge (solids concentration to 4%). The thickened sludge shall be collected in a sump from where it shall be pumped to centrifuge for dewatering. Polyelectrolyte Dosing System comprising Solution Preparation Tanks with Agitators and Dosing Pumps shall be provided to enhance the dewatering efficiency of centrifuge. The dewatered sludge shall be reused or disposed in a disposa site. The centrate from the centrifuge and supernatant from thickener shall be recycled to the Inlet Chamber of STP.
172. Sludge Treatment: Sludge shall be treated/composted prior to use as manure. Appropriate sludge treatment technology will be provided for reuse of sludge for agriculture purpose. The technology is kept open as the project will be firmed up during detailed design phase by DBO contractor.
173. Sludge Disposal: In the SBR process, sludge from from reactors will be collected in sludge sump and conveyed to sludge thickener/centrifuge for dewatering. The sludge in the form of a wet cake will be further air-dried in the sludge drying beds. Calculations conducted by the design engineers show that 1299 kg/day of sludge will be generated from the STP in Sanawad. Sludge generally consists of organic matter, pathogens, metals and micro pollutants. The concentration of parameters such as metals can be influenced by input to the sewers system from industry. Since there are no notable industries and also that sewerage system will not cater to industrial wastewater, it is unlikely that sludge contains heavy metals. The treatment and drying processes kill enteric bacteria and pathogens, and because of its high content of nitrates, phosphates and other plant nutrients the sludge is an excellent organic fertilizer for application to the land. Adequate drying is however necessary to ensure maximum kill of enteric
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
bacteria. To achieve adequate drying minimum drying period (15 days) shall be ensured. The drying period, which will be varying depending on the season will be determined during operation and be followed. 174. Dried and properly composted sludge can be used as soil conditioner. Periodic testing of dried sludge will be conducted to ensure that it does not contain heavy metals that make it unsuitable for food crops. Tests will be conducted to confirm the concentrations below the following standards. As there are no specific standards notified for sludge reuse, the compost quality standards notified under the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 have been adopted here. Rules stipulate that “In order to ensure safe application of compost, the following specifications for compost quality shall be met”:
Table 28: Standards for Sludge Reuse as Manure Standards for Composting: As there are no specific standards notified for sludge reuse, the compost quality standards notified under the Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016 (Schedule II A, Standards for Composting) have been adopted here. According to the standards “In order to ensure safe application of compost, the following specifications for compost quality shall be met, namely:- Phosphate Rich Organic Compost Parameters Units Organic Manure (FCO 2009) (FCO 2013) Arsenic mg/kg 10 10 Cadmium mg/kg 5 5 Chromium mg/kg 50 50 Copper mg/kg 300 300 Lead mg/kg 100 100 Mercury mg/kg 0.15 0.15 Nickel mg/kg 50 50 Zinc mg/kg 1000 1000 C/N ratio - <20 <20:1 pH - 6.5 – 7.5 (1:5 solution) maximum 6.7 Moisture, percent by per cent 15.0 – 25.0 25.0 weight, maximum by weight Bulk density g/cm3 <1 Less than 1.6 Total Organic Carbon, per cent 12 7.9 per cent by weight, by weight minimum Total Nitrogen (as N), percent 0.8 0.4 per cent by weight, by weight minimum Total Phosphate (as percent 0.4 10.4 P205) percent by by weight weight, minimum Total Potassium (as percent 0.4 - K20), percent by by weight weight, minimum Colour Odour Absence of foul Odor Particle size minimum 90% minimum 90% material should pass material should pass through 4.0 mm is through 4.0 mm is sieve sieve Conductivity, not more dsm-1 4 8.2 Than * compost (final product) exceeding the above stated concentration limits shall not be used for food crops. however, it may be utilized for purposes other than growing food crops.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
175. As STP is proposed under design-build-operate contract modality, the following measures will be implemented during the detailed design of the STP:
(i) Conduct detailed water quality assessment of Maurya Nala & Bakud River at upstream and downstream of proposed discharge point- pre and post monsoon (ii) Conduct sediment quality assessment of Maurya Nala & Bakud River at discharge point.
(iii) SBR process design to meet the effluent discharge values as mentioned in table above. (iv) Regular monitoring system to ensure that treated wastewater always meets the design disposal standards (v) Sludge management to collect, treat and dispose the accumulated sludge safely; sludge will be treated in a mechanical centrifuge which will thicken the sludge by separating the liquid, thicken sludge will be further dried, and dried sludge will be used as a soil conditioner in fields; Sludge will be tested periodically for heavy metal concentration. (vi) Provision of appropriate personal protection equipment to the workers and staff
176. Following measures are to be implemented during the operation phase, and should be appropriately included in the project design and operation manuals:
(i) Prior to handing over STP to ULB after the DBO contract period, ensure proper knowledge transfer, hands-on training to municipal staff engaged in STP operation by DBO Contractor (ii) Ensure continuous uninterrupted power supply (iii) Operate and maintain the facility following standard operating procedures of operational manual (iv) Undertake preventive and periodic maintenance activities as required (v) Maintain the mechanical / electrical parts as per the maintenance plan to avoid any hazards (vi) Conduct periodic training to workers (vii) Ensure all safety apparatus at STP including personal protection equipment (viii) Implement sludge management plan (ix) Conduct regular wastewater quality monitoring (at inlet and at outlet of STP) to ensure that the treated effluent quality complies with STP design values (x) Conduct periodic testing of dried sludge/compost to check presence of heavy metals and confirming the following concentrations to use as compost. It shall not be used for food crops.
177. Sewer network. The sewer pipes will not function without maintenance, as silt inevitably collects in areas of low flow over time. The project contractor will therefore provide equipment for cleaning the sewers, including buckets and winches to remove silt via the inspection manholes, diesel-fuelled pumps to remove blockages, and tankers to transport the waste hygienically to the STP.
178. Piped sewers are not 100% watertight and leaks can occur at joints. Any repairs will be conducted by sealing off the affected sewer and pumping the contents into tankers, after which the faulty section will be exposed and repaired following the same basic procedure as when the sewer was built. Trenches will be dug around the faulty section and the leaking joint will be resealed, or the pipe will be removed and replaced.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
179. There are certain environmental risks from the operating system, most notably from leaking sewer pipes as untreated faecal material can damage human health and contaminate both soil and groundwater. It will be imperative therefore that the the agency operating the sewerage system establishes a procedure to routinely check the operation and integrity of the sewers, and to implement rapid and effective repairs where necessary. There is an occupation health risk to workers engaged in sewer maintenance activities. Following measures should be followed:
(i) Establish regular maintenance program, including: • Regular cleaning of grit chambers and sewer lines to remove grease, grit, and other debris that may lead to sewer backups. Cleaning should be conducted more frequently for problem areas • Inspection of the condition of sanitary sewer structures and identifying areas that need repair or maintenance. Items to note may include cracked/deteriorating pipes; leaking joints or seals at manhole; frequent line blockages; lines that generally flow at or near capacity; and suspected infiltration or exfiltration; and • Monitoring of sewer flow to identify potential inflows and outflows • Conduct repairs on priority based on the nature and severity of the problem. Immediate clearing of blockage or repair is warranted where an overflow is currently occurring or for urgent problems that may cause an imminent overflow (e.g. pump station failures, sewer line mentales, or sewer line blockages); (ii) Maintain records; review previous sewer maintenance records to help identify “hot spots” or areas with frequent maintenance problems and locations of potential system failure, and conduct preventative maintenance, rehabilitation, or replacement of lines as needed; (iii) When a spill, leak, and/or overflow occurs, keep sewage from entering the storm drain system by covering or blocking storm drain inlets or by containing and diverting the sewage away from open channels and other storm drain facilities (using sandbags, inflatable dams, etc.). Remove the sewage using vacuum equipment or use other measures to divert it back to the sanitary sewer system. (iv) Prohibit/prevent disposal of wastewater/effluent from industrial units in the sewers; ensure regular checking to ensure no illegal entry of industrial wastewater into sewers (v) Provide necessary health and safety training to the staff in sewer cleaning and maintenance (vi) Provide all necessary personnel protection equipment (vii) Do not conduct manual cleaning of sewers; for personnel engaged sewer maintenance work, there is a risk due to oxygen deficiency and harmful gaseous emissions (hydrogen sulphide, methane, etc.); provide for adequate equipment (including oxygen masks) for emergency use
180. The citizens of the Sanawad Nagar Parishad will be the major beneficiaries of the improved sewerage system. The project will improve the over-all health condition of the town as water borne diseases will be reduced, so people should spend less on healthcare and lose fewer working days due to illness, so their economic status should also improve, as well as their overall health. This should also improve the environment of these areas, should deliver major improvements in individual and community health and well- being.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
VII. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND INFORMATION DISCLOSURE
A. Overview
181. The active participation of stakeholders including local community, NGOs/CBOs, and the media in all stages of project preparation and implementation is essential for successful implementation of the project. It will ensure that the subprojects are designed, constructed, and operated with utmost consideration to local needs, ensures community acceptance, and will bring maximum benefits to the people. Public consultation and information disclosure is a must as per the ADB policy.
182. Most of the main stakeholders have already been identified and consulted during preparation of this IEE, and any others that are identified during project implementation will be brought into the process in the future. Primary stakeholders of the subproject are: residents, shopkeepers and businesspeople who live and work alongside the roads in which network improvements will be provided and near sites where facilities will be built (STP), and government and utility agencies responsible for provision of services in Sanawad, Forest Department and MadhyaPradesh Pollution Control Board. Secondary stakeholder are: NGOs and CBOs working in the area, community representatives, beneficiary community in general, government agencies, the executing and implementing agencies (MPUDC, PMU and PIUs), Government of India and the ADB.
B. Public Consultation
183. The public consultation and disclosure program is a continuous process throughout the project implementation, including project planning, design and construction.
1. Consultation during Project Preparation
Table 29: Summary of Consultation
S. Location Participants TopicDiscussed IssuesRaised and Key Mitigation No. (M/F) Measures 1. Office of the Elected Explained in Elected representatives have Nagar representatives details about shown their willingness to Parishad, locally called the Sewerage support / agreed to take the Sanawad on Ward Parshad Project, subproject. th 7 December (Female-4 and Background, Most of the have septic tank 2017 Male-5) its while in slum area hardly have components, septic tank in the house. locations, Why treat sewage water- as it provisions, pollutes fresh water from timeline, est. lakes, rivers and the ground cost and also water table, so it must be their roles in treated. the project. What are the common methods for sewage Environmental, treatment and what type of Social, traffic technology is proposed. safety issue Temporary impacts: possible and benefit interruption in commercial from the activity, breakage of other
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
project were utility line, safety for explained to pedestrian etc. the Improvement in environment, Stakeholders. health and hygiene etc. Suggested if noticed during Prevailing construction, then should be status of compensated as per RF sewage Public notice to be circulated, Need of the construction should be Subproject completed in the given time, Briefing on debris subproject Shown their interest to pay objectives tariff and full participation to Potential motivate others positive and Timely restoration of negative excavated site impacts due to Prior meeting required before project start of civil works implementation Adequate provision for If impact on minimizing the Dust and livelihood. Noise Pollution during Inconvenience construction and during to public design & operation phase Willingness to specific measures taken for pay odour and noise control Potential (modelling, odour capture positive and etc.) negative impacts and specific measures taken for odour and noise control (modelling, odour capture etc.) were also explained to stakeholders 2. Office of the Municipality Staff Prevailing Why treat sewage water- as it Nagar (Female-5 and status of pollutes fresh water of Bakud Parishad, Male-20) sewage river and the ground water Sanawad on Need of the table, so it must be treated. 7thDecember Subproject What are the common 2017 Briefing on methods for sewage subproject treatment and what type of objectives technology is proposed. Potential Temporary impacts: possible positive and interruption in commercial negative activity, breakage of other impacts due to utility line, safety for project pedestrian etc. implementation Improvement in environment, If impact on health and hygiene etc. livelihood. Suggested if noticed during Inconvenience construction, then should be
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
to public compensated as per RF Willingness to Public notice to be circulated, pay construction should be Explained in completed in the given time, details about debris the Sewerage Shown their interest to pay Project, tariff and full participation to Background, motivate others its Timely restoration of components, excavated site locations, Prior meeting required before provisions, start of civil works timeline, est. Adequate provision for cost and also minimizing the Dust and their roles in Noise Pollution during the project. construction and during design & operation phase Environmental, specific measures taken for Social, traffic odour and noise control safety issue (modelling, odour capture and benefit etc.) from the project were explained to the Stakeholders. Potential positive and negative impacts and specific measures taken for odour and noise control (modelling, odour capture etc.) were also explained to stakeholders
3. Near Local Residents The Sewerage Shown their willingness to Proposed (Female-6 and Project support / agreed to take the Location of Male-8) Background, subproject as some inhabitant STP on Environmental, defecate on the proposed 26thNovember Social, traffic STP site 2017 safety issue Asked about methods for and benefit sewage treatment and what from the type of technology is project were proposed. explained Improvement in environment, Residents & health and hygiene etc. community Operation and maintenance is people covered under the subproject
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
residing and ensure community nearby STP participation site. Assured full support during • The execution. adverse During excavation for dust effect of and traffic management flowing assurance given to local sewer into residents. the open Excavated trench should be nallahs of properly barricaded and city. restore as soon as possible in • Connection & around STP area. of existing Shown their interest to pay toilets with tariff and full participation to the sewer motivate others line will be a Prior information is required basic before start of the civil works in problem for the respective ward through the public address system residents Adequate provision for minimizing the Dust and Current status Noise Pollution during of sewage, construction and during Need of the operation phase specific Subproject and measures taken for odour and objectives, noise control (modelling, Potential odour capture etc.). positive and More attention is required on negative safety as a supervisor is impacts and required to observe and specific enforce safety measures measures For Safety of Local traffic and taken for odour pedestrian in Built-up Zone, and noise fencing should be provided. control They were contented with the (montoring & provisions of project and said modelling, they are looking forward for odour capture the same. etc.) were also explained to stakeholders. Willingness to pay 4. Near Local Residents Current status Shown their willingness to Proposed of sewage, support / agreed to take the Location of Need of the Asked about methods for IPS-2 on Subproject and sewage treatment and what 29thNovember objectives, type of technology is 2017 Potential proposed. positive and Improvement in environment, negative health and hygiene etc. impacts, Operation and maintenance is Willingness to covered under the subproject pay and ensure community
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
participation Assured full support during execution. Excavated trench should be properly barricaded and restore as soon as possible in market area. Shown their interest to pay tariff and full participation to motivate others Prior information is required before start of the civil works in the respective ward through public address system 5. Near Local Residents Current status Shown their willingness to Proposed of sewage, support / agreed to take the Location of Need of the Shown their interest to pay IPS-1 on Subproject and tariff and full participation to 7thDecember objectives, motivate others 2017 Potential Prior information is required positive and before start of the civil works negative in the respective ward through impacts, public address system Willingness to Assured full support during pay execution. 6. Near Local resident The Project People welcomed the project. Proposed Background, Shown their willingness to Location of Environmental, support / agreed to take the STP on Social, traffic subproject 28thMarch safety issue and Shown their interest to pay tariff 2018 benefit from the and full participation to motivate project were others explained to the Prior information is required Stakeholders. before start of the civil works in Current status of the respective ward through sewage, public address system Need of the Availability of government land Subproject and for subproject components objectives, Role and responsibility of Potential municipality, Sanawad positive and Improvement in environment, negative health and hygiene etc. of the impacts, and town specific Operation and maintenance is measures taken covered under the subproject for odour and and ensure community noise control participation (montoring & Assured full support during modelling, odour execution. capture etc.) Barricading of excavated were also portions will be done explained to Danger signals will be used stakeholders. Sprinkling of water will be done to minimize Dust Pollution Willingness to Measures to reduce noise
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
pay pollution will be taken The adverse The concerns of the people were effect of flowing noted and measures and sewer into the safeguards have been included open nallahs of in EMP. People were also city. informed about the possible The adverse safeguards effect of Adequate provision for dumping of Solid minimizing the Dust and Noise waste in Pollution during construction and habitation area. during operation phase specific measures taken for odour and Connection of noise control (modelling, odour existing toilets capture etc.). with the sewer More attention is required on line will be a safety as a supervisor is required basic problem to observe and enforce safety for the residents. measures For Safety of Local traffic and pedestrian in Built-up Zone, fencing should be provided. They were contented with the provisions of project and said they are looking forward for the same.
184. Formal and informal consultations have been carried out with different type of stakeholders right from the planning of the subproject. The subproject proposal is formulated in consultation with office of the Nagar parishad Sanawad. (For Details of consultation; Refer Appendix 13).
185. It was observed that people are willing to extend their cooperation as the subproject activities are proposed to enhance the infrastructure service levels and the living standard of the public.
186. Stakeholders suggested that (i) Local people should be employed by the contractor during construction work; (ii) Adequate safety measures should be taken during construction work; (iii) utility shifting should be properly planned before execution of the work; (iv) Road restoration should be carried out properly; (v) Proposed waste water management project should ensure proper hygienic disposal of sewerage water in all wards of city. 187. 2. Consultation during construction
188. Prior to start of construction, ULB and PIU with the assistance of PDMC will conduct information dissemination sessions at various places and solicit the help of the local community, leaders/prominent for the project work. At each ward/neighborhood level, focus group meetings will be conducted to discuss and plan construction work with local communities to reduce disturbance and other impacts.
189. A constant communication will be established with the affected communities to redress the environmental issues likely to surface during construction phases and also regarding the grievance redress mechanism ULB/PIU and PDMC will organize public meetings and will appraise the communities about the progress on the implementation
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
of EMP. Meeting will also be organized at the potential hotspots/sensitive locations before and during the construction.Contractor will provide prior public information (in Hindi) about the construction work in the area, once 7 days prior to the start of work and again a day before the start of work via pamphlets. At the work sites, public information boards will also be provided to disseminate project related information.
C. Information Disclosure
190. Executive summary of the IEE will be translated in Hindi and made available at the offices of PMU, PIU, Nagar Parishad offices, and also displayed on their notice boards Hard copies of the IEE will be accessible to citizens as a means to disclose the document and at the same time creating wider public awareness. Electronic version of the IEE in English and Executive Summary in Hindi will be placed in the official website of the MPUDC, PMU after approval of the IEE by Government and ADB. Stakeholders will also be made aware of grievance register and redress mechanism.
191. Public information campaigns to explain the project details to a wider population will be conducted. Public disclosure meetings will be conducted at key project stages to inform the public of progress and future plans. Prior to start of construction, the PMU/PIU will issue Notification on the start date of implementation in local newspapers A board showing the details of the project will be displayed at the construction site for the information of general public.
192. Local communities will be continuously consulted regarding location of construction camps, access and hauling routes and other likely disturbances during construction. The road closure together with the proposed detours will be communicated via advertising, pamphlets, radio broadcasts, road signage, etc.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
VIII. GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM A. Project Specific Grievance Redress Mechanism
193. Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) is a part of project management that is likely to increase accountability and responsiveness among service providers and provide a friendly environment to the beneficiaries of the project. GRM is considered a tool to measure efficiency and effectiveness of the project as it provides important feedback on the project management. Effectively addressing public grievances is a core component of managing risks under Asian Development Bank (ADB) projects according to the Safeguard Policy Statement (Safeguard Requirement 2: Involuntary Resettlement, Pages 49-50, June 2009) – “The borrower/client will establish a mechanism to receive and facilitate the resolution of affected persons’ concerns and grievances about physical and economic displacement and other project impacts, paying particular attention to the impacts on vulnerable groups. The grievance redress mechanism should be scaled to the risks and adverse impacts of the project. It should address affected persons’ concerns and complaints promptly, using an understandable and transparent process that is gender responsive, culturally appropriate, and readily accessible to the affected persons at no costs and without retribution. The mechanism should not impede access to the country’s judicial or administrative remedies. The borrower/client will inform affected persons about the mechanism”. The statement allows the formation of grievance redress committee in the project areas to facilitate the concerns of affected people under the project areas.
B. Purpose of the GRM Manual:
194. This document describes the procedure that shall be followed by the Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company Limited (MPUDCL) under Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement project (MPUSIP) to address complaints or concerns shared by people affected due to project related interventions.
195. The present document intends to provide clarity to project stakeholders on the grievance redress mechanism procedures to be followed under the project. The document provides clarity on how the complaint shall be received, registered, sorted, assessed, resolved and monitored under MPUSIP. This also includes action plans to be followed for effective implementation.
C. Principles:
196. The GRM is based on the following principles and the same shall be used to assess the GRM performance:
(a) Accessibility The GRM shall be accessible to all people residing in the project area. It shall be available and provide assistance to all project affected people irrespective of language, literacy level, or cost. Project affected people shall access the GRM without fear of reprisal.
Information on the GRM will be disseminated using various means to ensure people know about GRC, its members and procedures.
(b) Predictability The GRM shall offer clear procedures with time frames for each stage and clarity on the type of results it can and cannot deliver.
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(c) Transparency The GRM shall operate in such a way that it is easy for others to see what actions are being performed. This will be undertaken through disclosure of all information to the public and affected people.
(d) Credibility The performance of the GRM shall enable affected people to accept and believe that the mechanism works, delivers results and is trustworthy.
(e) Fairness The GRM procedures shall be perceived as fair, especially in terms of access to information, and opportunities for meaningful participation in the final decision. Its outcome should be consistent with applicable national standards and should not restrict access to other redress mechanisms.
(f) Feedback The GRM shall serve as a means to channel citizen feedback to improve project outcomes for the people.
It is difficult to avoid Grievances totally but much can be done to minimize and manage complaints in order to reduce impacts.
D. Nature and scope of Grievance Redress Mechanism under MPUSIP
197. GRM aims to address complaints of local affected people because of project interventions in the selected towns (64 towns) of MPUSIP during the project period.
198. MPUSIP predicts public complaints because of the nature of the project during the design, implementation and operation & maintenance stage of the project. In the design phase, people are expected to raise inconveniences with regards to land acquisition, compensation amount, compensation procedure and environmental issues. During project implementation, grievances may come from individuals or a particular group of people in relation to construction related inconveniences such as dust, noise, blocking drainage, damage roads, walls/boundaries of property and its impact on their daily lives in addition to land acquisition, and compensation. Issues related to corruption shall not be considered by the Grievance Redress Committee (GRC). Corruption related issues shall be forwarded to the State GRC (PMU) directly by the Chairperson of town level GRC at the time of sorting of grievances. The structure, functions of GRC, monitoring & evaluation systems and action plan of its implementation is described below:
E. Structure of GRM and its Functions
199. The GRM will have a three- tier decision making process. The first tier which is at the town level aims to resolve all construction related grievances which require quick and efficient action. The second tier which is at the project implementation unit (PIU) will handle complaints that could not be resolved by the first- tier level and/or grievances related to land acquisition and compensation. The third tier which is at the project management unit (PMU) or state level will handle complaints which are over and above the scope for the first and second tier and/or complaints which could not be resolved by the first and second tier levels.
200. Contact numbers of GRC Chair-person and members, CDO and contractor’s focal person will be placed at appropriate locations like construction sites, ULB office etc.
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201. The three-tier Grievance Redress Mechanism under MPUSIP is described below:
1st tier (At Town Level): composition of the Grievance Redress Committee (GRC):
• A representative of Chief Municipal Officer associated with Urban Local Body, Chairperson; • CDO of ULB designated/nominated by ULB. • Field Engineer of Project Management Consultants; • Focal person (GRC Person) of DBO contractor of respective town; • Field Engineer of concerned ULB designated by the respective PIU, Secretary;
Major Functions: The major functions of town level GRC is as follows:
• Registration of Grievances by the Local person (GRC Person) of DBO contractor of respective townSorting of Grievances by Focal person (GRC Person) of DBO contractor of respective town and Chairperson; • Forwarding grievances to concerned authorities i.e. Site Engineer for resolution; • Information to the complainant on the decision taken to address registered complaint and expected time to resolve issue; • Resolution of issues emerged due to construction; • Feedback to the complainant on action completed against registered complaint and seeking complainant feedback on level of satisfaction; • Closure of grievances by CDO-ULB or forwarding of complaint to PIU GRC if grievance remains unresolved.
2nd Tier {At PIU Level}: Composition of the PIU level GRC:
• Project Manager, associated with Project Implementation Unit (PIU) of Madhya Pradesh • Urban Development Company Limited - Chairperson • An elected member nominated by Mayor in Council/ President in Council of associated • Urban Local Body (ULB). • A Social Worker nominated by Mayor in Council/ President in Council of associated Urban • Local Body • Commissioner of associated Urban Local Body/Chief Municipal Officer or Community • Development Officer/Community Organizer of Urban Local Body. • Community Development Officer CDO-PIU - Secretary
Major Functions: The following functions will be performed by the PIU level GRC:
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• Registration of complaints by CDO-PIU from the 1st tier GRC and/or affected people; • Eligibility assessment of grievances by the GRC Chairperson; • Information to the complainant about eligibility of the complaint; • Grievance Redress Committee meetings to discuss grievances and action required; • Ensuring collection of detailed information about the eligible complaint; • Assessment of complaint, draw conclusion from discussions and make recommendations; • Develop action plan outlining activities required to implement the recommendations; • Ensuring implementation of recommendations by stakeholders or concerned authorities; • Monitoring actions of the recommendations in view of timeline; • Feedback to the complainant on action completed against registered complaint and seeking complainant feedback on level of satisfaction; • Closure of grievances by CDO-PIU or forwarding of complaint to PMU GRC if grievance remains unresolved.
3rd Tier {At PMU-State Level} Composition of State Level GRC:
• Engineer in Chief, MPUDC – Chairperson • Deputy Project Director (T) • Deputy Project Director (A) (Secretary) • Project Officer • Community Development Officer CDO-PMU • PMC TL or representative Advisor
Major Functions: The state level GRC will be responsible to performthe following functions:
• Registration of complaints received from GRC PIU and/or affected people; • Information to the complainant about eligibility of the complaint; • Eligibility assessment of grievances by the GRC PMU chairperson with support of the • Secretary of state GRC- – whether grievance is eligible for consideration or not at the state level; • Ensuring collection of required information about the eligible complaint; • Assessment of complaint to draw conclusion from discussions and make recommendations; • Develop action plan outlining activities required to implement the recommendations; • Ensuring implementation of recommendations by stakeholders or concerned authorities; • Monitoring actions of the recommendations in view of timeline;
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• Closing complaint after all actions taken as per recommendations and feedback to the complainant. • Advise to complainants about approach /appeal to the concerned department in case the complainant is not satisfied or complaint is beyond the scope of the GRC PMU.
Figure 43: Work Flow Diagram on GRM
Step 8:Appeal to the Step 1: Receiving Grievances / State Level GRC Complaints and its Registration at town level (24 hours)
Step 2: Review of Grievances, Sorting,
Information and
Closure of the Closure
: :
Complaint Step 7 Step Grievance
Redress
Mechanism
GRC Meeting (3 Days) Meeting GRC
: Eligibility and Preparation Eligibility : for
(Monthly) (Monthly)
Step 3 Step
Monitoring and Reporting and Monitoring
: : Step 6 Step
Step 5:Implementation of Step 4:Assessment of the Action Grievance, Meeting and Plan of
F. Process of Grievance Redress Mechanism
202. The following process shall be adopted for receiving complaints and addressing received complaints:
Step 1: Receiving Grievances/ Complaints and its Registration at town Level
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• All grievances, complaints, concerns shall be submitted verbally or in writing to CDO contractor’s focal person or any GRC members – by filling the Complaint Registration Slip and putting into the complaint box placed at construction sites or ULB office. • Received complaints shall be recorded, compiled and Registered (Grievance Number) in a register (database) placed at the ULB by CDO with support of the contractor’s focal person on a daily basis (24 hours). Each grievance shall be given a number to track status.
Step 2: Review of Grievances, Sorting, Information and Forwarding (24 hours)
• Registered grievances shall be reviewed by the CDO with support of the contractor’s focal person. • Based on type of grievances, CDO shall sort out grievances with support of the contractor’s focal person. • CDO (ULB) shall inform the GRC Chairperson about all grievances either by phone or in writing. At that time, CDO may suggest grievances can be managed by the site engineer to the GRC Chairperson; • GRC Chairperson will determine eligibility of the complaints. Inconveniences caused by minor construction related issues shall be referred to the site engineer to resolve immediately or within 24 hours. For example -site engineer shall be instructed to resolve grievances associated with construction at the town such as restoration of road, obstruction in accessing house/shop or any place due to dumping of construction materials, dust etc. Site engineer will be responsible to respond to the complaints immediately. On the other hand, issues which cannot be resolved by the site engineer and if it is complex in nature shall be referred to GRC. • CDO shall receive acknowledgement from concerned authorities (site engineer) on receipt of the grievances shared with them. CDO shall inform complainants regarding eligibility of their complaint and action to be taken by the concerned authority (site engineer/ GRC) within (24 hours). If the grievance is ineligible, complainants should be informed of the reasons;
Step 3: Eligibility and Preparation for GRC meeting (3 days)
• GRC Chairperson shall receive eligible complaints (copy of written complaint document or verbally recorded messages) from the CDO (ULB) and review details; GRC Chairperson may ask to collect baseline information about the grievances registered, if required. • GRC Chairperson shall share list of documents with the GRC Secretary to collect baseline information on selected grievances to be addressed. • The GRC Secretary shall arrange all documents with the help of CDO-ULB, CDO-PIU or the contractor’s focal person in a proper way to present in front of GRC. • GRC Chairperson shall call a meeting as per convenient date and time of the committee members.
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Step 4: Assessment of the Grievance, Meeting and Plan of Action (7 days)
• If necessary the GRC shall consult and seek relevant information about complaint from the concerned parties. • On basis of the collected evidences, GRC shall draw conclusions and make recommendations for a solution. • GRC Secretary shall keep record of the proceedings and decisions taken by GRC members to further track the status as per decided time line. • The GRC shall agree on the action plan required to be implemented according to the recommendations made. The action plan shall include detailed activities along with timeline. • GRC Secretary shall inform to the complainant about the decisions taken by the committee members and expected date of resolution of the grievance. • If the complaint is complex, the GRC may request for additional time and resolution after proper assessment or refer the complaint to the GRC-PMU Level.
Step 5: Implementation of Action (30 days)
• The concerned parties shall be responsible to implement action plan according to recommendations of the GRC. • The GRC members may arrange field trip and interact with the concerned persons, if needed before reaching the conclusion.
Step 6: Monitoring and Reporting (Monthly)
• CDO (ULB) shall be responsible to track and record status of all complaints - whether forwarded to site engineer or GRC in the database as follows – Grievance registered, Grievance in process to be resolved, Grievance addressed and closed, and Grievance forwarded to concerned authorities. • CDO (ULB) shall be responsible to report/inform status of the complaints (received, addressed and forwarded) to the contractor for further reporting to respective PIU. • Overall GRC chairperson shall be responsible for effective management of complaints at the town level.
Step 7: Closure of the Complaint
• GRC Secretary shall prepare a summary of the findings and share with GRC members. • On agreement of all GRC members, GRC Secretary shall provide information to the complainant about decisions taken in writing/verbal on the registered complaint and seek feedback of the complainant about the decisions taken. A copy of the letter shall be kept as record with GRC Secretary and CDO (ULB). • Complaint shall be considered closed if all actions have been taken and the complainant satisfied with the resolution.
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• GRC Secretary shall prepare a closure report of the grievances handled by GRC members and the closure shall be documented by the CDO (ULB) in his register.
Step 8: Appeal to the State level GRC
• In the event that GRC PIU cannot make a decision on how to resolve the complaint, or if a complainant is not satisfied with the actions taken to resolve the complaint by the GRC (PIU), an appeal can be made to state level GRC (PMU) either by the GRC Chairperson (PIU) or complainant directly. • GRC Chairperson (PIU) or complainant shall submit an appeal in writing to the state level GRC established at PMU. • The state GRC Secretary shall register the case in consultation with Chairperson and provide a number of the grievances to be tracked. • The state GRC Secretary shall acknowledge the registration of the grievance to the complainant in writing. • The Secretary of the GRC shall review the registered grievances and collect required evidences from relevant parties to present case to the GRC. • The state GRC Chairperson shall call a GRC meeting to review the complaint. GRC members shall get information about the meeting in advance to ensure their availability in the meeting. • The state GRC shall draw conclusions and recommendations based on the evidence in the meeting. At the same time an action plan shall be developed for implementation with a timeline. • The state GRC Secretary shall communicate decisions of the State GRC to the complainant in writing. The copy of the communication shall be kept with the state GRC Secretary as record. • The recommendations shall be implemented immediately • Upon completion of the recommended actions, the state GRC Secretary shall prepare a report on the closure of the complaint which will be signed by the complainant and state GRC Chairperson. A copy of the same shall be kept for record.
203. The structure and process of GRM is presented below for detailed understanding
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Figure 44: Structure and Process of GRC
G. Monitoring and Evaluation systems of GRM
All grievances, concerns and complaints received shall be recorded by concerned authorities to be tracked. The status of the grievances shall be discussed in the review meetings organized at PIU and PMU level. The following indicators shall be monitored and recorded - Number and type of complaints received; - Number and % of complaints that have been resolved;
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- Number and % of complaints that are unresolved;
The State GRC shall review grievance related data on monthly basis to evaluate the functionality of the system, as well as to note the followings:
• Failures to follow GRM procedures; • Delays in complaint resolution, particularly those that can affect project construction; • Most frequent types of grievances and complaints; • Location(s) producing the most grievances and complaints;
H. Action Plan for the formation of the GRM
S.No Action Plan Time Line
A Action required at PMU/PMC
A1 Letter for formation of GRC and follow up Pre -construction
A2 Development of GRM Manual Pre -construction
A3 Orientation of GRC members by integrating with Construction training/workshops/meetings
A4 Integration of GRC topic in BCC – like availability of GRC Construction and its procedure
A5 Review of functioning of GRC by integrating with meetings Construction and visits
B Action at Town level
B1 Formation of GRC at town level and inform to the PMU/PMC Pre -construction
B2 Information to All ULB Officials/Public about existence of Construction GRC, its committee members and their function
B3 Orientation of all GRC members during visit of PMU and Construction PMC officials
B4 Tracking of complaint registered and its status Construction
B5 Sharing status of grievances with PIUs with the help of GRC Construction person
B6 Training of selected women to maintain grievances at Construction customer service center (Educated Prerak (Motivator) may be considered)
B7 Complaint management Operation and maintenance phase
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IX. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
A. Environmental Management Plan
204. An environmental management plan (EMP) has been developed to provide mitigation measures to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels.
205. The EMP will guide the environmentally-sound construction of the subproject and ensure efficient lines of communication between MPUDC, project management unit (P MU), project implementing unit (PIU), consultants and contractors. The EMP will (i) ensure that the activities are undertaken in a responsible non-detrimental manner; (i) provide a pro-active, feasible and practical working tool to enable the measurement and monitoring of environmental performance on site; (ii) guide and control the implementation of findings and recommendations of the environmental assessment conducted for the subproject; (iii) detail specific actions deemed necessary to assist in mitigating the environmental impact of the subproject; and (iv) ensure that safety recommendations are complied with. The EMP includes a monitoring program to measure the environmental condition and effectiveness of implementation of the mitigation measures. It will include observations on- and off-site, document checks, and interviews with workers and beneficiaries.
206. The contractor will be required to submit to PIU, for review and approval, a site environmental plan (SEP) including (i) proposed sites/locations for construction work camps, storage areas, hauling roads, lay down areas, disposal areas for solid and hazardous wastes; (ii) specific mitigation measures following the approved EMP; (iii) monitoring program as per SEP; and (iv) budget for SEP implementation. No works are allowed to commence prior to approval of SEP.
207. A copy of the EMP/approved SEP will be kept on site during the construction period at all times. The EMP included in the bid and contract documents. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in this document constitutes a failure in compliance.
208. For civil works, the contractor will be required to (i) carry out all of the mitigation and monitoring measures set forth in the approved SEP; and (ii) implement any corrective or preventative actions set out in safeguards monitoring reports that the employer will prepare from time to time to monitor implementation of this IEE and SEP. The contractor shall allocate budget for compliance with these SEP measures, requirements and actions.
209. The following tables show the potential environmental impacts, proposed mitigation measures and responsible agencies for implementation and monitoring.
.
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Table 30 : Design Stage Environmental Management Plan
Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Costand Implementation Sourceof / Monitoring Funds Nuisance to local • Provide a green buffer zone of 20-30 m wide around the PIU/PMU Project Design of sewage people due to bad odor STP; this should be planted with trees in multi-rows. Costs Treatment Plant from STP and due to • This will act as a visual screen around the STP and will
shifting of Solid waste improve the aesthetic appearance. • Develop the STP layout plan such that STP units with maximum odour generating potential units- inlet and primary treatment units and sludge thickener are located fathest from the nearest development; in the layout design, develop office or other such facilities towards the habitation. • Conduct odour and noise modelling during the detailed design, and check the noise and odour levels at the nearest property/huses in compliance with standards; • In case of predicted values exceeding the standards provide design measure like noise enclosures, enclosed facilities for odour generating units including odour capture and treatment facilities • Implementation of Proper Mitigation Plan for transfer of solid watste from old trenching groundas mentioned in Chapter VI • During the design, construction, and operation of the project, apply pollution prevention and control technologies and practices consistent with international good practice, as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as the World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines (IFC’s General EHS Guidelines5 and Sector Specific (Water and Sanitation) Guidelines6).
5https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/554e8d80488658e4b76af76a6515bb18/Final%2B-%2BGeneral%2BEHS%2BGuidelines.pdf?MOD=AJPERES 6 https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/e22c050048855ae0875cd76a6515bb18/Final%2B-%2BWater%2Band%2BSanitation.pdf?MOD=AJPERES
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Treated effluent not • STP to be designed to meet the following treated effluent DBOContra Project meeting the disposal parameters: ctor/ PMU Costs standards and o BOD: lessthan10 mg/l associated impactson o TSS: lessthan 20mg/l receiving environment o COD: less than 20 mg/l o Faecalcoliform less than: 100/100 ml
Mixing of industrial • No industrial wastewater shall be allowed to dispose into DBO Project effluent with sewage municipal sewers Contractor/ Costs • No domestic wastewater from industrial units shall be PMU allowed into municipal sewers • Ensure that there is no illegal discharge through manholes or inspection chambers • Conduct public awareness programs; in coordination with MPPCB, issue notice to all industries for compliance • Conduct regular wastewater quality monitoring (at inlet and at outlet of STP) to ensure that the treated effluent quality complies with the standards Impacts monitoring on • Conduct baseline water quality monitoring of Dudhi River receiving water body Improper sludge • Prepare sludge management plan (collection, treatment, management drying, disposal and periodic testing) and integrate into design, construction and operation Decline in treatment • Ensure continuous uninterrupted power supply, including a efficiency due to power back-up facility (such as generator) supply disruptions and • Provide operating manual with all standard operating poor O&M practices procedures (SOPs) for operation and maintenance of the facility • Necessary training to ULB staff dealing with STP • Extended contract period for O & M, proper transfer of facility to ULB after compltetion of contract period with adequate technical know-how on O & M and hands-on training to ULB staff
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Sewage Pumping Odor and insect Layout planning related measures DBO Project Station (SPS) nuisancedue to operation • Locate wet wells within the identified site at an internal Contractor/ Costs of SPS location as far as possible from nearest development PMU • Develop 10 m green buffer zone around the SPS with a combination of tall and densely growing trees in multi rows as per the land availability to control odour and also act as visual shield, and improve aesthetical appearance • Provide of high compound wall
Design related measures to prevent and control odour • Submersible sewage pumps of suitable rating, minimum submergence requirements • Position of the submersible pumps and design of the wet well floor by providing necessary side benching / sloped flooring to allow for higher submergence during low flow shall be made to ensure regular pump operation and avoid sewage stagnation beyond the permissible limit. • Diesel Generators shall be provided as standby power supply • Develop standard operating procedures / operational manual for operation and maintenance SPS; this shall include emergency measures • Provide training to the staff in SOPs and emergency procedures
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STP and SPS Noise from pumps and • Procure good quality latest technology high pressure pumps DBO Project operations motor operations that guarantee controlled noise at a level of around 80 dB(A) Contractor/ Costs at a distance of 1 m PMU • Use appropriate building materials and construction techniques for pump houses which can absorb sound rather than reflect noise • Use acoustic enclosures – manufacturer specified, for all pumps, motors • Procure only CPCB approved generators with low emission and low noise fitted with acoustic enclosures • Provide sound mufflers for ventilators in the plant rooms; and sound proof doors • Provide ear plugs to workers
Energey consumption • Using low-noise and energy efficient pumping systems DBO Project • Efficient Pumping system operation Contractor/ Costs • Installation of Variable Frequency Drives (VFDs) PMU
Sewer Network Measures to minimize • Limit the sewer depth where possible. DBO Project Impacts during • Sewers shall be laid away from water supply lines and Contractor/ Costs construction drains (at least 1 m, wherever possible); PMU and operation of sewer • In all cases, the sewer line should be laid deeper than the network water pipeline (the difference between top of the sewer and bottom of water pipeline should be at least 300 mm) • In unavoidable, where sewers are to be laid close to storm water drains or canals or natural streams, appropriate pipe material shall be selected (stoneware pipes shall be avoided) • For shallower sewers, use small inspection chambers in lieu of manholes; • Design manhole covers to withstand anticipated loads & ensure that the covers can be readily replace if broken to minimize silt/garbage entry • Ensure sufficient hydraulic capacity to accommodate peak flows & adequate slope in gravity mains to prevent buildup of solids and hydrogen sulfide generation
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Table 31: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Pre-Construction
Field AnticipatedImpact MitigationMeasures Responsible for MonitoringofMitigation CostandSourceof Implementation Funds
Utilities Telephone lines, (i)Identify and DBO Contractor in (i) List of affected - Project Costs electricpoles and include locations collaboration with PIU utilities and wires, waterlines with and operators of and with approval of operators; in proposed project these utilities in the PMU area detailed design (ii) Bid document to documents to include requirement for prevent a contingency plan for unnecessary service interruptions disruption of (example provision of services during water if disruptionis construction phase; more than 24 hours), and waste management (ii) Require plan and traffic Construction management plan contractors to prepare a contingency plan to include actions to be taken in case of unintentional interruption of services. Require contractors to prepare spoils (waste) management plan (Appendix10) and traffic management plan (Appendix11) Construction work Conflicts with local (i)Prioritize areas DBO Contractor to (i)List of selected - camps, stockpile community; disruption within or nearest finalize locations in sites for construction possible vacant areas, storage areas, to traffic flow and consultation and work camps, hot mix space in the project and disposal areas. sensitive receptors location; approval of PIU plants, stockpile (ii) If it is deemed areas, storage necessary to locate areas, and disposal else where, consider areas. sites that will not (ii)Written consent of promote instability 134
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and result in land owner’s (not destruction of lessee/s) property, vegetation, irrigation, and drinking water supply systems; (iii) Do not consider residential areas; (iv)Take extreme care in selecting sites to avoid direct disposal to water body which will inconvenience the community. (v)For excess spoil disposal, ensure (a) site shall be selected preferably from barren, infertile lands. In case agricultural land needs to be selected, written consent from land owners (not lessees) will be obtained; (b)debris disposal site shall be atleast 200m away from surface water bodies; (c)no residential areas shall be located within 50m downwind side of the site; and (d)site is minimum 250m away from sensitive locations like settlements,
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ponds / lakes or other water bodies. Sources of Materials Extractionofmaterials (i) Obtain DBO Contractor to (i) List of approved - candisruptnatural construction prepare list of quarries sites and landcontoursand materials only from approved quarry sites sources of materials; vegetation resultingin government and sources of accelerated erosion, approved quarries materials with the disturbance innatural with prior approval approval of PIU drainage patterns, of PIU pondingandwater (ii)PIU to review, and logging,andwater ensure that pollution. proposed quarry sources have all necessary clearances/ permissions in place prior to approval (iii)Contractor to submit to PIU on a monthly basis documentation on material obtained from each source (quarry/ borrow pit) (iv)Avoid creation of new borrow areas, quarries etc., for the project; if unavoidable, contractor to obtain all clearances and permissions as required under law, including Environmental Clearance (EC) prior to approval by PIU
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Consents, permits, Failure to obtain (i)Obtain all PIU and PMC Incorporated in final No cost required. clearances, NOCs, necessary consents, necessary design and Cost of obtaining all etc. permits, NOCs, etc. consents, permits, communicated to consents, permits, can result to design clearance, NOCs, contractors. clearance, NOCs, revisions and /or etc. prior to award etc. priorto start of stoppage of works of civil works. civil works (ii)Ensure that all Responsibility of necessary PIU. approvals for construction to be Obtained by contractor are in place before start of construction (iii)Acknowledge in writing and provide report on compliance all obtained consents, permits, clearance, NOCs, etc. (iv)Include in detailed design drawings and documents all conditions and provisions if necessary
Asbestos Cement Health risk due to (i)Obtain details from DBO Contractor in (i) Detailed construction No cost required. Pipes Exposure to asbestos PHED / NPs on coordination with PIU drawings showing materials location of and PMC alignment of AC pipes Mitigation measuresare underground AC part of TOR of PIU and pipes PMDSC (ii)Locate the new pipe /sewer carefully to avoid encountering AC pipes (ii) Leave the AC pipes undisturbed in the ground.
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Table 32: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Construction
Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Cost andSource of Mitigation Funds Mitigation
EMP Irreversible impact to (i) Project manager and all key DBO Contractor (i)Certificateof Cost of EMP Implementation the environment, workers will be required to Completion (Safeguards Implementation Training workers, and undergo training on EMP Compliance Orientation) Orientation Training community implementation including to contractor is spoils/waste management, (iii)Posting of EMP at Work sites responsibility of Standard operating PMU. procedures (SOP) for construction works; Other costs occupational health and responsibility of safety (OH&S), core labor contractor. laws, applicable environmental laws, etc. Air Quality Emissions from For All Construction Works; DBO (i) Location of Cost for construction vehicles, Contractor stockpiles; implementation of equipment, and (ii) Provide a dust screen around (ii) Complaints from mitigation measures machinery used for STP worksite sensitive receptors; responsibility of installation of (iii) Damp down the soil and any (iii) Heavy equipment contractor. pipelines resulting to stockpiled material on site by and machinery with water sprinkling; dusts and increase air pollution control (iv) Stabilize surface soils where devices; in concentration of loaders, support equipment (iv) Pollution under vehicle-related and vehicles will operate by control certificate pollutants such as using water and maintain carbon monoxide, surface soils in a stabilized sulphur oxides, condition particulate matter, (v) Apply water prior to levelling or any other earth moving nitrous oxides, and activity to keep the soil moist hydrocarbons. throughout the process (vi) Cover the soil stocked at the sites with tarpaulins (vii) Control access to work area, prevent unnecessary 138
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movement of vehicle, public trespassing into work areas; limiting soil disturbance will minimize dust generation (viii) Use tarpaulins to cover the loose material (soil, sand, aggregate etc.,) when transported by open trucks; (ix) Control dust generation while unloading the loose material (particularly aggregate, sand, soil) at the site by sprinkling water and unloading inside the barricaded area (x) Clean wheels and undercarriage of haul trucks prior to leaving construction site (xi) Ensure that all the construction equipment, machinery are fitted with pollution control devises, which are operating correctly, and have a valid pollution under control (PUC) certificate
For Sewer Works;
(i) Barricade the construction area using hard barricades (ii) Initiate site clearance and excavation work only after barricading of the site is done (iii) Confine all the material, excavated soil, debris, equipment, machinery (excavators, cranes etc.,), to the barricaded area
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(iv) Limit the stocking of excavated material at the site; remove the excess soil from the site immediately to the designated disposal area (v) Undertake the work section wise; and conduct work sequentially - excavation, sewer laying, backfilling; testing section-wise (for a minimum length as possible) so that backfilling, stabilization of soil can be done. (vi) Remove the excavated soil of first section to the disposal site (vii) Backfilled trench at any completed section after removal of barricading will be the main source of dust pollution. The traffic, pedestrian movement and wind will generate dust from backfilled section. Road restoration shall be undertaken immediately. Surface Water Mobilization of Settled (i) All earthworks be conducted DBO (i) Areas for Cost for Quality silt materials, and during the dry season to stockpiles, storage implementation of Contractor chemical prevent the problem of of fuels and mitigation measures contamination from responsibility of fuels and lubricants soil/silt run-off during rains lubricants and during installation of (ii) Avoid stockpiling of earth fill waste materials; contractor. pipelines can especially during the (ii) Records of surface contaminate nearby monsoon season unless water quality surface water quality covered by tarpaulins or inspection; plastic sheets; (iii) Effectiveness of (iii) Prioritize re-use of excess water management spoils and materials in the measures; construction works. If spoils (iv) No visible will be disposed, only degradation to 140
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
designated disposal areas nearby drainages, shall be used; nallahs or water (iv) Install temporary silt traps or bodies due to civil sedimentation basins along works the drainage leading to the water bodies; (v) Place storage areas for fuels and lubricants away from any drainage leading to water bodies; (vi) Store fuel, construction chemicals etc., on an impervious floor, also avoid spillage by careful handling; provide spill collection sets for effective spill management (vii) Dispose any wastes generated by construction activities in designated sites; and (viii) Conduct surface quality inspection according to the Environmental Management Plan (EMP). Surface and Mobilization of (i) As far as possible control the DBO (i) Areas for Cost for Ground Water entry of runoff from upper stockpiles, storage implementation of Settled siltmaterials, Contractor Quality areas into the excavated pits, of fuels and mitigation measures andchemical and work area by creation of lubricants and responsibility of contamination temporary drains or bunds waste materials; contractor. fromfuelsandlubricants around the periphery of work (ii) Records of surface duringinstallationof area water quality pipelinescan (ii) Pump out the water collected inspection; contaminatenearby in the pits / excavations to a (iii) Effectiveness of surfacewaterquality temporary sedimentation water pond; dispose off only management clarified water into drainage measures; channels/streams after (iv) No visible sedimentation in the degradation to temporary ponds nearby drainages, 141
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(iii) Consider safety aspects nallahs or water related to pit collapse due to bodies due to civil accumulation of water works
Noise Levels Increase in noise level (i) Plan activities in consultation DBO Contractor (v) Complaints from Cost for due to earth- moving with PIU so that activities sensitive implementation of and excavation with the greatest potential to receptors; mitigation measures equipment, and the responsibility of transportation of generate noise are (vi) Use of silencers in equipment, materials, conducted during periods of noise-producing contractor. and people the day which will result in equipment and least disturbance; sound barriers; (ii) Minimize noise from (vii) Equivalent day and construction equipment by night time noise using vehicle silencers, fitting levels jackhammers with noise- reducing mufflers, and use portable street barriers to minimise sound impact to surrounding sensitive receptor; and (iii) Maintain maximum sound levels not exceeding 80 decibels (dBA) when measured at a distance of 10 m or more from the vehicle/s. (iv) Identify any buildings at risk from vibration damage and avoiding any use of pneumatic drills or heavy vehicles in the vicinity; (v) Horns should not be used unless it is necessary to warn other road users or animals of the vehicle’s approach; (vi) Consult local communities in advance of the work to identify and address key issues, and avoid working at sensitive times, such as
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religious and cultural festivals. Landscaping Impacts due to excess (i) Prepare and implement a DBO (i) Complaints from Cost for excavated earth, Construction Waste (Spoils) Contractor sensitive receptors; implementation of excess construction Management Plan (ii) Work site clear of mitigation measures materials, and solid (ii) As far as possible utilize the hazardous wastes responsibility of waste such as debris and excess soil in such as oil/fuel contractor. removed concrete, construction purpose, for (iii) Any excess wood, packaging example for raising the excavated materials, empty ground level or construction earth,excess containers, spoils, oils, of access roads etc., construction lubricants, and other (iii) Avoid stockpiling any excess materials, and solid similar items spoils at the site for long waste such as time. Excess excavated soils removed concrete, should be disposed off to wood,packaging approved designated areas materials,empty immediately containers (iv) If disposal is required, the site shall be selected preferably from barren, infertile lands; sites should located away from residential areas, forests, water bodies and any other sensitive land uses (v) Domestic solid wastes should be properly segregated in biodegradable and non-biodegradable for collection and disposal to designated solid waste disposal site; create a compost pit at workers camp sites for disposal of biodegradable waste; non- biodegradable / recyclable material shall be collected separately and sold in the local recycling material market
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(vi) Residual and hazardous wastes such as oils, fuels, and lubricants shall be disposed off in disposal sites approved by TNPCB; (vii) Prohibit burning of construction and/or domestic waste; (viii) Ensure that wastes are not haphazardly thrown in and around the project site; provide proper collection bins, and create awareness to use the dust bins. (ix) Conduct site clearance and restoration to original condition after the completion of construction work; PIU to ensure that site is properly restored prior to issuing of construction completion certificate Existing Disruption of service (i) Obtain from PIU the list of DBO Existing Utilities Cost for Infrastructure And damage to affected utilities and Contractor Contingency Plan implementation of and Facilities existing infrastructure operators if any; mitigation measures at specified project (ii) Prepare a contingency plan responsibility of location to include actions to be done contractor. in case of unintentional interruption of service Ecological Loss of vegetation (i)Minimize removal of vegetation DBOContractor PIU to report in writing Cost for Resources– And tree cover And disallow cutting of trees; the no of trees cut implementation of Terrestrial (ii)Iftree-removal willbe and planted. mitigation measures required, obtain tree-cutting responsibility of permit and (iii)Plant 5 native contractor. trees for every one that is removed.
Landuse Environmental The impact due to change in land Notapplicable Notapplicable Notapplicable Issues due to land use Use will be negligible due to this
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change project. Accessibility and Traffic problems and For Sewer Works; DBO (i)Traffic routeduring Costfor Traffic Disruption conflicts near project construction works implementation of locations and haul (i) Prepare a sewer work Contractor including number of mitigation measures road implementation; ensure that permanent signages, responsibility of for each road where the work barricades and flagmen contractor. is being undertaken there is on work site an alternative road for the (Appendix11); traffic movement; take up the work in sequential way so (ii)Complaints from that public inconvenience is Sensitive receptors; minimal (iii)Number of signages (ii) Provide temporary placed at project diversions, where necessary location. and effectively communicate with general public (iii) Undertake the work section wise (iv) Confine work areas in the road carriageway to the minimum possible extent; all the activities, including material and waste/surplus soil stocking should be confined to this area. (v) Proper barricading should be provided; avoid material/surplus soil stocking in congested areas – immediately removed from site/ or brought to the as and when required (vi) Limit the width of trench excavation as much as possible by adopting best construction practices; adopt vertical cutting approach with proper shoring and bracing; this is especially to be
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practiced in narrow roads and deeper sewers; if the deep trenches are excavated with slopes, the roads may render completely unusable during the construction period (vii) Leave spaces for access between mounds of soil to maintain access to the houses / properties; access to any house or property shall not be blocked completely; alternative arrangements, at least to maintain pedestrian access at all times to be provided (viii) Provide pedestrian access in all the locations; provide wooden/metal planks over the open trenches at each house to maintain the access. (ix) Inform the affected local population 1-week in advance about the work schedule (x) Plan and execute the work in such a way that the period of disturbance/ loss of access is minimum. (xi) Keep the site free from all unnecessary obstructions; (xii) Notify affected public by public information notices, providing sign boards informing nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints. Provide
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information to the public through media – newspapers and local cable television (TV) services (xiii) At work site, public information/caution boards shall be provided including contact for public complaints Hauling (material, Traffic problems and (i) Plan transportation routes so DBO (i)Traffic route during Cost for waste/debris and conflicts near project that heavy vehicles do not Contractor construction works implementation of equipment) locations and haul use narrow local roads, including number of mitigation measures activities road except in the immediate permanent signages, responsibility of vicinity of delivery sites barricades and flagmen contractor. (ii) Schedule transport and on work site hauling activities during non- (Appendix11); peak hours; (ii)Complaints from Drive vehicles in a (iii) Sensitive receptors; considerate manner (iii)Number of signages Notify affected public by placed at project public information notices, location. providing sign boards informing nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints.
Socio-Economic Impedetheaccess (i) Inform all businesses and DBO (i)Complaints from Cost for Income residents about the nature Contractor Sensitive receptors; implementation of – ofresidentsand and duration of any work well mitigation customerstonearby in advance so that they can (ii)Spoils management measures shops make necessary plan responsibility of preparations; (iii)Number of walkways, contractor. (ii) Do not block any access; signages, and metal leave spaces for access sheets placed at project between barricades/mounds location. of excavated soil and other stored materials and machinery, and providing footbridges so that people can crossover open trenches 147
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
(iii) Barricade the construction area and regulate movement of people and vehicles in the vicinity, and maintain the surroundings safely with proper direction boards, lighting and security personnel – people should feel safe to move around (iv) Control dust generation (v) Immediately consolidate the backfilled soil and restore the road surface; this will also avoid any business loss due to dust and access inconvenience of construction work. (vi) Employee best construction practices, speed up construction work with better equipment, increase workforce, etc., in the areas with predominantly commercial, and with sensitive features like hospitals, and schools; (vii) Consult businesses regarding operating hours and factoring this in work schedules; and Provide sign boards for pedestrians to inform nature and duration of construction works and contact numbers for concerns/complaints.
Socio-Economic Generation Employ local labour force as DBO Contractor (i)Employment Cost for – Employment oftemporary far as possible records; implementation of employmentand mitigation measures (iii)Compliance to increaseinlocal responsibility of 148
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revenue Laborlaws (see contractor Appendix6 of this IEE)
Occupational Occupational hazards (i) Follow all national, state and DBO (i) Site-specific OH&S Costfor Health and Safety which can arise during local labour laws; Contractor Plan; implementation of work (ii) Following internationally (ii) Equipped first-aid mitigation measures recognized health and safety stations; responsibility of standards such as the World (iii) Medical insurance contractor. Bank Group’s Environment, (iv) coverage for Health and Safety Guidelines workers; (IFC’s General EHS (v) Number of Guidelines7 and Sector accidents; Specific (Water and (vi) Supplies of potable Sanitation) Guidelines8). (vii) Drinking water; (iii) Develop and implement site- (viii) Clean eating areas specific Occupational Health where workers are and Safety (OHS) Plan which not exposed to shall include measures such hazardous or as: (a) safe and documented noxious construction procedures to substances; be followed for all site (ix) record of H&S activities; (b) ensuring all orientation trainings workers are provided with and use personal protective (x) personal protective equipment; (c) OHS equipment; Training9 for all site (xi) % of moving personnel, (d) excluding equipment outfitted public from the work sites; with audible back- and (e) documentation of up alarms; work-related accidents; (xii) permanent sign Follow International boards for Standards such as the World hazardous areas
7https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/554e8d80488658e4b76af76a6515bb18/Final%2B-%2BGeneral%2BEHS%2BGuidelines.pdf?MOD=AJPERES 8 https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/e22c050048855ae0875cd76a6515bb18/Final%2B-%2BWater%2Band%2BSanitation.pdf?MOD=AJPERES
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Bank Group’s Environment, such as energized Health and Safety electrical devices Guidelines10. and lines, service (iv) Ensure that qualified first-aid rooms housing high is provided at all times. voltage equipment, (v) Secure all installations from and areas for unauthorized intrusion and storage and accident risks; Ensure proper disposal. safety measures during (xiii) Compliance to core trench excavations; provide labor laws (see bracing / shoring in all Appendix6 of this trenches IEE (vi) Provide health and safety orientation training to all new workers to ensure that they are apprised of the basic site rules of work at the site, personal protective protection, and preventing injuring to fellow workers; (vii) Ensure the visibility of workers through their use of high visibility vests when working in or walking through heavy equipment operating areas; (viii) Ensure moving equipment is outfitted with audible back-up alarms; (ix) Mark and provide sign boards for hazardous areas such as energized electrical devices and lines, service rooms housing high voltage equipment, and areas for storage and disposal.
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Signage shall be in accordance with international standards and be well known to, and easily understood by workers, visitors, and the general public as appropriate; and (x) Disallow worker exposure to noise level greater than 85 dBA for duration of more than 8 hours per day without hearing protection. The use of hearing protection shall be enforced actively. (xi) Provide supplies of potable drinking water; (xii) Provide clean eating areas where workers are not exposed to hazardous or noxious substances Community Traffic accidents and (i) Confine work areas; prevent DBO (i) Traffic Cost for Health and Safety vehicle collision with public access to all areas Contractor Management Plan; implementation of where construction works are mitigation pedestrians during (ii) Complaints from measures material and waste on-going through the use of sensitive receptors responsibility of transportation barricading and security contractor. personnel; all excavations of more than 1 m depth shall be provided with safety bracing / slip protection measures (ii) Attach warning signs, blinkers to the barricading to caution the public about the hazards associated with the works, and presence of deep excavation; provide proper safety measures in trenches - provide bracing / shoring in all trenches; where required provide supports anchors or suitable arrangement to
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nearby building to avoid any safety or damage or collapse risk (iii) Provide proper boundary for the site, especially high compound wall towards Residential areal (i) Contractor shall create awareness and no activities shall be extended outside the site, especially towards the hostel; enfore strict site rules so that there is no disturbance or safety risk (ii) Minimize the duration of time when the sewer trench is left open through careful planning; plan the work properly from excavation to refilling and road relaying (iii) Control dust pollution – implement dust control measures as suggested under air quality section (iv) Ensure appropriate and safe passage for pedestrians along the work sites (v) Provide road signs and flag persons to warn of on-going trenching activities. (vi) Restrict construction vehicle movements to defined access roads and demarcated working areas (unless in the event of an emergency) (vii) Enforce strict speed limit (20 kmph) for plying on unpaved roads, construction tracks (viii) At sensitive locations 152
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
particularly where there are schools and markets close to the road, awareness of safety issues will be raised through neighbourhood awareness meetings (ix) All drivers and equipment operators will undergo safety training Maintain regularly the construction equipment and vehicles; use manufacturer- approved parts to minimize potentially serious accidents caused by equipment malfunction or premature failure.
Safetyofsensitive Trenchexcavation (i) Provide prior information to DBO Contractor Complaints from Cost for groups(children, ininnarrow the local people about the neighborhood and implementation of eldersetc.)and streetswill nature and duration of work monitoring of mitigation measures otherspedestrians posehighriskto (ii) Conduct awareness program accidents responsibility of innarrow streets childrenandelders on safety during the contractor. construction work inthelocality (iii) Undertake the construction work stretch-wise; excavation, pipe laying and trench refilling should be completed on the same day (iv) Provide barricades, and deploy security personnel to ensure safe movement of people and also to prevent unnecessary entry and to avoid accidental fall into open trenches
Construction Temporary airand (i) Consult PIU before locating DBO Contractor (i)Complaints from Cost for Camps noisepollutionfrom project offices, sheds, and sensitive receptors; implementation of mitigation measures 153
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machineoperation, construction plants; (ii)Drinking water responsibility of waterpollutionfrom (ii) Select a camp site away from and sanitation contractor. storageanduseof residential areas (at least facilities for fuels, oils,solvents, 100 m buffer shall be employees and lubricants maintained) or locate the camp site within the existing facilities of City Corporation Unsanitary and poor (iii) Avoid tree cutting for setting up camp facilities living conditions for (iv) Provide a proper workers fencing/compound wall for camp sites (v) Camp site shall not be located near (100 m) water bodies, flood plains flood prone/low lying areas, or any ecologically, socially, archeologically sensitive areas (vi) Separate the workers living areas and material storage areas clearly with a fencing and separate entry and exit (vii) Ensure conditions of liveability at work camps are maintained at the highest standards possible at all times; living quarters and construction camps shall be provided with standard materials (as far as possible to use portable ready to fit-in reusable cabins with proper ventilation); thatched huts, and facilities constructed with materials like GI sheets, tarpaulins, etc., shall not be used as accommodation for workers (viii) Camps shall be provided with 154
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
proper drainage, there shall not be any water accumulation (ix) Provide drinking water, water for other uses, and sanitation facilities for employees (x) Prohibit employees from cutting of trees for firewood; contractor should provide cooking fuel (cooking gas); fire wood not allowed (xi) Train employees in the storage and handling of materials which can potentially cause soil contamination (xii) Wastewater from the camps shall be disposed properly either into sewer system; if sewer system is not available, provide on-site sanitation with septic tank and soak pit arrangements (xiii) Recover used oil and lubricants and reuse or remove from the site; (xiv) Manage solid waste according to the following preference hierarchy: reuse, recycling and disposal to designated areas; provide a compost pit for bio degradable waste, and non- biodegradable / recyclable waste shall be collected and sold in local market (xv) Remove all wreckage, rubbish, or temporary structures which are no longer required; and
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(xvi) At the completion of work, camp area shall be cleaned and restored to pre-project conditions, and submit report to PIU; PIU to review and approve camp clearance and closure of work site Submissionof Unsatisfactory (i) Appointment of (I) EHS DBO Availability and Cost for EMP compliancetoEMP Supervisor to ensure EMP competency of implementation of implementation implementation contractor appointed supervisor mitigation measures report (ii) Timely submission of Monthly report responsibility of monitoring reports including contractor. pictures Post-construction Damagedueto (i) Remove all spoils wreckage, DBO Contractor PIU/PDMC report in Cost for clean-up debris,spoils, rubbish, or temporary writing that (i)work site implementation of excessconstruction structures (such as buildings, is restored to original mitigation shelters, and latrines) which conditions; materials measures are no longer required; and (ii)camp has been (ii) All excavated roads shall be responsibility of vacated and restored reinstated to original contractor. to pre-project condition. (iii) All disrupted conditions; utilities restored (iv) All affected structures (iii)all construction rehabilitated/compensated related structures not (iii) The area that previously relevant to O&M are housed the construction removed; and (iv)work camp is to be checked for site clean-up is spills of substances such as satisfactory. oil, paint, etc. and these shall be cleaned up. (iv) All hardened surfaces within the construction camp area shall be ripped, all imported materials removed, and the area shall be top soiled and regrassed using the guidelines set out in the revegetation specification that forms part of this document. 156
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(v) The contractor must arrange the cancellation of all temporary services. (vi) Request PIU to report in writing that worksites and camps have been vacated and restored to pre-project conditions before acceptance of work
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Table 33: Environmental Management Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Operation
Field Anticipated Impact Mitigation Measures Responsible for Monitoring of Cost and Mitigation Mitigation Source of Funds Check forblockage It may affect the (i) Effective operation to avoid and/or DBO Contractor Sanawad Nagar Project and leakage and sewer system, immediate clearance of such leaks, Parishad operating overflow problems contaminate land, blockages costs in sewers water and create (ii) Implementation of regular O&M schedules public health issues
Occupational Occupational health (i) Provide necessary health & safety training DBO Contractor Sanawad Nagar Project Health & Safety: & safety: for to the staff engaged sewer cleaning & Parishad operating costs personnel cleaning maintenance underground sewers (iii) Provide appropriate personal there is a risk due to protection equipment (including oxygen oxygen deficiency masks) to workers entering into sewage and harmful gaseous manhole for inspection/repairs emissions (hydrogen sulphide, carbonmonoxide, methane, etc.);
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STP operation – Public health, safety (i) Ensure proper knowledge transfer, hands- DBO Contractor Sanawad Nagar Project malfunction and and environmental on training to municipal staff engaged in STP Parishad / PMU operating effect on efficiency costs impacts operation has been provided by contractor prior to handover of facility (ii) Ensure continuous uninterrupted power supply (iii) Operate and maintain the facility following standard operating procedures of operational manual (iv) Undertake preventive and periodic maintenance activities as required (v) Maintain the mechanical / electrical parts as per the maintenance plan to avoid any hazards (vi) Conduct periodic training to workers (vii) Ensure that all safety apparatus at STP including personal protection equipment are in good condition all times; and are at easily accessible and identifiable place; periodically check the equipment, and conduct mock drills to deal with emergency situations (viii) Implement sludge management plan at the STP (ix) No wastewater from industrial premises (including domestic wastewater) shall be allowed to dispose into municipal sewers (x) Conduct regular wastewater quality monitoring (at inlet and at outlet of STP) to check compliance with design parameters (BOD < 10 mg/l, TSS < 100 mg/l, Faecal coliform < 100/100 ml (xi) Conduct periodic testing of dried sludge/compost to check presence of heavy metals and confirming stipulated concentrations to use as compost. It shall not be used for food crops.
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Operation of Odour nuisance (i) Strictly follow standard operating DBO Contractor Sanawad Nagar Project sewage pumping procedures / operational manual for operation Parishad/PMU operating stations costs and maintenance of lifting and pump stations (ii) Ensure that operating staff is properly trained, and have clear understanding of odour issues vis-à-vis its related with operational practices (iii) Ensure that pumping cycles are properly followed; and there is no buildup of sewage beyond design volume in the wells
Generation of Impacts on public Collect solid wastes and dispose to approved DBO Contractor Sanawad Nagar Project waste materials health and disposal yards Parishad / PMU Operating environment costs
Table 34: Environmental Monitoring Plan– Pre Constrction and Construction Monitoring field Monitoring Monitoring parameters Frequency Responsibility Cost & Source of Funds location Water quality of At the discharge pH, TDS, TSS, DO, Twice during design / DBO Contractor Project costs receiving water location BOD, COD, E-coli, prior to start of body – treated Total coliform, Nitrate, construction water discharge Total Phosphates, Oil & from STP grease, Total hardness, (Pre-monsoon, if water Sulphate, Fluoride, is available in the river Chloride, Ammonia, and during monsoon) Aluminum, Manganese, Iron, Zinc, Nickel, Magnesium, Phenolic compounds, Chromium, Arsenic, Mercury, Cadmium, Lead, Pesticides
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Construction All work sites Implementation of dust Weekly during Supervising No costs required disturbances, control, noise control, construction staff and nuisances, public traffic management, safeguards &worker safety, &safety measures. specialists Site inspection checklist to review implementation is appended at Appendix13
Ambient air quality 05 locations (01 PM10, PM2.5, NO2, Once before start of DBO Contractor Cost for implementation of STP site, 04 SO2, CO construction monitoring measures worksites) Quarterly (yearly4- responsibility of contractor times) during (45 samples x 5000 per construction Sample = 2,25,000) (2.4year) period considered) Ambient noise 05 locations (01 Day time and night time Once before start of DBO Contractor Cost for implementation STP site, 04 noise levels construction of monitoring measures worksites) Quarterly (yearly4- responsibility of times) during contractor construction (45 samples x 1500 per (2.4year) period Sample = 67,500) considered)) Surface water 04location (near pH, Oil & grease, Cl, F, Once before start of DBO Contractor Cost for implementation quality STP construction NO3, TC, FC, Hardness, construction of monitoring measures site) Turbidity BOD, COD, DO, Monthly during responsibility of (Nala & Bakud Total Alkalinity Construction (12 contractor River u/s & d/s months period (52 samples x 4000 per and at Narmada considered) Sample = 208,000) river)
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Table 35: Environmental Monitoring Plan of Anticipated Impacts during Operation
Monitoring field Monitoring Monitoring parameters Frequency Responsibility Cost & Source location Of Funds MonitoringofqualityofS At Inlet and Outlet • Parameters as specified by MPPCB in Monthly Operating agency O&M costs TP effluent the consent. Once (DBO Contractor • Concentration of various parameters in / SNP) treated wastewater shall be within the specific limits by MPPCB, • Concentrations must also be within the following STP design parameter • BOD less than 10 mg/l • Suspended solids less than 100 mg/l • Faecal coliform less than 1000/100 ml Water quality of Upstream (50 m) • pH, Cl, F, NO3, TC, FC, Hardness, Yearly twice Operating agency O&M costs receiving water body – and downstream Turbidity BOD, COD, DO, Total (DBOContractor Bakud River /SNP) (50 m) and at Alkalinity, Narmad river of discharge location pre and post Sediment quality At discharge point • Assessment of sediment quality of Monthly Operating agency O&M costs Assessment of Maurya Nala & Bakud River at Once (DBO Contractor Maurya Nala & Bakud /SNP) River discharge point
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Sludge quality and STP Analysis for concentration of heavy metals Yearly once Operating agency O and M costs suitability as manure and confirm that value are within the (DBOContractor (testing to be /SNP) done at an following limits (see Table below) accredited external laboratory)
In order to ensure safe application of compost, the following specifications for compost quality shall be met, namely
Phosphate Rich Organic Compost Parameters Units Organic Manure (FCO 2009) (FCO 2013) Arsenic mg/kg 10 10 Cadmium mg/kg 5 5 Chromium 50 50 Copper 300 300 Lead 100 100 Mercury 0.15 0.15 Nickel 50 50 Zinc 1000 1000 C/N ratio <20 <20:1 PH 6.5 – 7.5 (1:5 solution) maximum 6.7 Moisture, percent by weight, 15.0 – 25.0 25.0 maximum Bulk density (g/cm3) <1 Less than 1.6 Total Organic Carbon, per cent 12 7.9 by weight, minimum Total Nitrogen (as N), per cent percent by weight 0.8 0.4 by weight, minimum Total Phosphate (as P205) percent by weight 0.4 10.4 percent by weight, minimum Total Potassium (as K20), percent by weight 0.4 - percent by weight, minimum Colour Odour Absence of foul Odor Particle size minimum 90% material should pass through minimum 90% material should pass through 4.0 mm is sieve 4.0 mm is sieve Conductivity, not more dsm-1 4 8.2 Than * compost (final product) exceeding the above stated concentration limits shall not be used for food crops. however, it may be utilized for purposes other than growing food crops. Source: Standards for Composting, Schedule II A, Solid Waste Management Rules, 2016
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B. Implementation Arrangements
210. Urban Development andEnvironment Department (UDED) of Government of Madhya Pradesh will be the Executing Agency for the Program, responsible for management, coordination and execution of all activities funded under the loan. Implementing Agency will be the recently established Madhya Pradesh Urban Development Company (MPUDC), a wholly owned subsidiary of GoMP. A central Project Management Unit (PMU) attached to MPUDC will be responsible for implementing the MPUSIP. The PMU will be supported by Program Implementation Units (PIUs) with a flexibility toredeployment depending upon the implementation requirements.
211. The PMU and PIUs will be supported by several teams of Design Consultants in preparation of preliminary engineering designs.
212. Program Management Consultant (PMC) centrally located in PMU and with field teams located in PIUs shall be responsible for implementation of the Program. All infrastructure contracts will be procured through performance-based contracts (PBCs) and include build- operate (BO) framework. Based on the preliminary designs prepared by Design Consultants, the DBO (design-build-operate) Contractor will design, construct, commission and operate for10 years, after which it will be transferred to the respective ULB.
213. Two Committees - an Empowered Committee cum Executive Committee and a Technical Clearance and Tender Committee have been constituted by the Government to be responsible for effective and timely implementation of the Program.
214. Safeguards Compliance Responsibilities: At PMU there will be two safeguard specialists: (i) Project Officer (Environment) and (ii) Social & Gender Offer, who will responsible for compliance with the environmental and social safeguards in program implementation. PO (Environment) will have overall responsibility in implementation of the investment program as per the Environmental Assessment & Review Framework (EARF) agreed between ADB and the government. At individual subproject level, PO will ensure that environmental assessment is conducted, and a project-specific is prepared and implemented, and the compliance, and corrective actions, if any are reported as required.
215. PMU Responsibilities: PO (Environment) will be supported by PMC, which will be staffed with an Environmental Specialist, and Environmental Coordinators. Key tasks and responsibilities of the PO (Environment) for this subproject include the following:
Biddingstage:
(i) Prior to invitation of bids for civil works contract, ensure that
a. Consent for establishment(CFE) is obtained from MPPCB forSTPconstruction
(ii) Ensure thatEMP is included in bidding documents and civil works contracts (iii) Ensure that the bid/contract documents include specific provisionsrequiring contractors to comply with all applicable labor laws and core labor standards including:
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
a. Labour welfare measures and provision of amenities b. Prohibition of child labor as defined in national legislation for construction and maintenance activities; c. Equal pay for equal work of equal valueregardless of gender, ethnicity, or caste; d. elimination of forced labor; e. therequirement to disseminate information on sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV/AIDS, to employees and local communities surrounding the project sites. (iv) Ensure that staffrequired for implementation of EMP(EHS officer forSanawad) is included in the bid requirements (v) Ensure that EMP cost is included in the project cost (vi) In the pre-bid meeting, provide insight into the EARF requirements, IEE update, EMP measures, and overall compliance requirements to the bidders
Constructionstage:
(i) Facilitate and ensure that all necessary environmental clearances/permissions, includingthat of contractor’s are in place prior to start of construction (ii) Organize an induction course for the training of contractors, preparing them on EMP implementation, environmental monitoring, and on taking immediate action to remedy unexpected adverse impacts or ineffective mitigation measures found during the course of implementation. (iii) Provide oversight on environmental management aspects of subprojects and ensure EMPs are implemented by PIU and contractors (iv) Supervise and provide guidance to the PIUs to properly carry out the environmental monitoring as per the EMP (v) Oversee grievance redress mechanism to address any grievances brought about in a timely manner; ensure that records are properly maintained (vi) Consolidate monthly environmental monitoring reports from PIU and submit semi- annualmonitoring reports to ADB (vii) Oversee site closures to ensure that all work / facility sites are restored properly prior to issuing work completion certificate to the contractor
Operation Stage:
(i) Ensure and consent for operation (CFO) is obtained from MPPCB for STP prior to start of operation
216. PIU Responsibilities: PIU will be headed by a Project Manager and supported by PMC. An Assistant Project Manager of PIU will be given additional responsibilities of safeguard tasks and will be designated as Assistant Environmental Officer (ASO). ASO will be supported by PDMC Environmental Specialist and Environmental Coordinator. Key tasks and responsibilities of the ASO for this subproject include the following:
(i) Provide necessary support to PIU and Nagar Parishad in obtaining permission fromMPPCB; liaison with PMU and regulatory agencies (ii) Oversee day-to-day implementation of EMPs by contractors, including compliance with all government rules and regulations, take necessary action for obtaining rights of way (iii) Oversee environmental monitoring by contractors (iv) Take corrective actions when necessary to ensure no environmental impacts
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
(v) Submit monthly environmental monitoring reports to PMU (vi) Conduct continuous public consultation and awareness (vii) Address any grievances brought about through the grievance redress mechanism in a timely manner as per the EMP
217. Contractor’s Responsibilities;
Biddingstage:
(i) Understand the EMP requirements and allocate necessary resources (budget, staff, etc. (ii) Understand the regulatory compliance requirements related tolabour welfare, safety, environment etc.,
Designstage:
(i) Review the IEE Report including the REA checklist, category and theEMP, and conduct site visits to understand the environmental sensitivity of the project sites. (ii) Update the REA checklist, confirm the category, and update/revise the IEE Report of the projectreflecting the changes /amendments /additions that areeffected in the project during the detailed design (iii) Update/revise and finalize the EMP (iv) Provide all necessary technical assistance toPIU / ULB in obtaining regulatory clearances/approvals. (v) Ensure that all design-related measures of theEMP, and conditions, if any, of government regulatory agencies (like MPPCB consent conditions) are duly included in the final designs.
Constructionstage:
(i) Ensure that allregulatory clearances (both projectrelated and contractor related) are in place before start of the construction work. (ii) Mobilize EHS officer /supervisor prior to start of work (iii) Confirm withPIU availability of rights of way at all project sites prior to start of work. (iv) Prepare and submit: a. Construction waste management(CWM) plan b. Traffic management(TM) plan (v) Implement the mitigation measures as per the EMP including CWM & TM Plans (vi) Follow the EMP measures/guidelines for establishment of temporary construction camps, construction waste disposal sites, and material borrow areas, etc. (vii) Implement EMP and ensure compliance with all the mitigation and enhancement measures (viii) Conduct environmental monitoring (air, noise, water etc.,) as per the EMP (ix) Undertake immediate action as suggested by PIU/PMU/PMC to remedy unexpected adverse impacts or ineffective mitigation measures found during the course of implementation (x) Submit monthly compliance reports on EMP implementation (xi) Act promptly on public complaints and grievances related to construction work and redress ina timely manner in coordination with PIU (xii) Comply with applicable government rules and regulations
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Operationstage:
(i) Obtain CFO from MPPCB in coordination with the ULB, and comply with MPPCB conditions, if any, during the operation phase (ii) Implement the operation phase EMP including the monitoring plan (iii) Submit quarterly EMP implementation report
C. Training Needs
218. The following Table 36 presents the outline of capacity building program to ensure EMP implementation. The estimated cost is Rs. 100,000 (excluding trainings of contractors which will be part of EMP implementation cost during construction) to be covered by the project’s capacity building program. The detailed cost and specific modules will be customized for the available skill set after assessing the capabilities of the target participants and the requirements of the project by the ES of PDMC.
Table 36: Outline Capacity Building Program on EMP Implementation
Description TargetParticipants&V Estimate CostandSource enue (INR) ofFunds 1.Introduction andSensitizationto Allstaffand - Includedinthe Environmental Issues(1day) consultantsinvolved overall -ADB Safeguards Policy Statement intheproject programcost -Government of India and Madhya Pradesh applicable safeguard laws, regulations and AtPMU,Bhopal policies including but not limited to core (combinedprogram Labor standards, OH&S, etc. forallsubprojects) -Incorporation of EMP into the project design and contracts -Monitoring, reporting and corrective action planning 2.EMP implementation (1/2day) AllPIUstaff, INR Includedin -EMP mitigation & monitoring measures contractorstaffand 100,000 subprojectcost -Roles and responsibilities consultantsinvolved (Lump estimates -Public relations,- Consultations intheKhajuraho- sum) -Grievance redress Rajnagar subproject -Monitoring and corrective action planning -Reporting and disclosure AtPIU -Construction site standard operating procedures (SOP) --Chance find (archeological) protocol -AC pipe protocol -Traffic management plan -Waste management plan -Site clean-up & restoration
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
3.Contractors Orientation to Workers (1/2 Once before start of - Contractors cost day) work, and thereafter -Environment, health and safety in project regular briefing every construction month once.
Daily briefing on safety prior to start of work
All workers (including unskilled laborers)
D. Monitoring and Reporting
219. Immediately after mobilization and prior to commencement of the works, the contractor will submit a compliance report to PIU that all identified pre-construction mitigation measures as detailed in the EMP are undertaken. Contractor should confirm that the staff for EMP implementation (EHS supervisor) is mobilized. PMU with the assistance of the PDMC will review the report and permit commencement of works.
220. During construction, results from internal monitoring by the contractor will be reflected in their monthly EMP implementation reports to the PIU. ASO will review and advise contractors for corrective actions if necessary. Quarterly report summarizing compliance and corrective measures taken will be PMC field team at PIU and submitted to PMU (Appendix 13). During operation, the contractor will conduct management and monitoring actions as per the operation stage EMP, and submit to PMU and ULB a quarterly report on EMP implementation and compliance.
221. Based on monthly & quarterly reports and measurements, PMU will draft, review, and submit to ADB, 6-monthly semi-annual Environmental Monitoring Report (EMR). Once concurrence from the ADB is received the report will be disclosed in the MPUDC and PMU websites.
222. ADB will review project performance against the MPUSIP commitments as agreed in the legal documents. The extent of ADB’s monitoring and supervision activities will be commensurate with the project’s risks and impacts. Monitoring and supervising of social and environmental safeguards will be integrated into the project performance management system
E. EMP Implementation Cost
223. Most of the mitigation measures require the contractors to adopt good site practice, which should be part of their normal procedures already, so there are unlikely to be major costs associated with compliance. The costs which are specific to EMP implementation and are not covered elsewhere in the projects are given below.
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Table 37: Cost Estimates to Implement the EMP S. No. Particulars Stages Unit Total Rate Cost CostsCovered Number (INR) (INR) By
A. Implementation Staff with DBO contractor
1 Environmental Design &pre- Per month 0.5 150,000 75,000 DBO Contract Specialist construction 2 EHS Supervisor Construction Per month 24 50,000 1,200,000 DBOcontract
Subtotal(A) 12,75,000
B. Mitigation Measures
1 Consent for Pre-& Post- Lumpsum 200,000 Projectcosts establishments & construction consent for operation from MPPCB 2 Provision for tree Cutting & compensatory Construction Pertree 100 1,000 100,000 DBOcontract plantation Measures
3 Plantation of tree in multi Construction 10,00,000 DBO Contractor rows around STP and pumping stations sites
169
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4 Traffic management at Construction Lump sum - - 200,000 DBOContract worksites (Pavement Markings, Channelizing Devices, Arrow Panels and Warning Lights)
Subtotal (B) 15,00,000
C. Monitoring Measures
1 Air quality monitoring Construction Persample 45 5,000 225,000 DBO Contract 2 Noise levels monitoring Construction Per sample 45 1,500 67,500 DBO Contract 3 Surface water Construction Persample 52 4,000 208,000 DBO monitoring Contract
4 Effluent quality &sludge Operation Lump sum / - - 200,000 DBO Contract quality year 5. Odour, Noise control Design & Operation Lum sum - - 10,00,000 DBO Contract measures
Subtotal(C) 17,00,500
D. Capacity Building 1. Training on EMP Pre -construction Lumpsum 100,000 PMU implementation
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2 Preparation of plans and Pre-construction Lump sum 50,000 DBO protocols (traffic Contract management plan, waste(spoils) management plan etc., chance find protocol 3. Contractors Orientation Prior to dispatch to Lump sum 25,000 DBO to Workers on EMP work site Contract implementation
Subtotal(D) 175,000
Total (A+B+C+D) INR 46,50,500
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X. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
224. The process described in this document has assessed the environmental impacts of all elements of the infrastructure proposed under the SanawadSewerage subproject. All potential impacts were identified in relation to pre-construction, construction, and operation phases. Planning principles and design considerations have been reviewed and incorporated into the site planning and design process wherever possible; thus, environmental impacts as being due to the project design or location were not significant.
225. Mitigation measures have been developed to reduce all negative impacts to acceptable levels. These were discussed with specialists responsible for the engineering aspects, and as a result some measures have already been included in the outline designs for the infrastructure. Various design related measures suggested for: for efficient treatment, odour control at pumping stations, uninterrupted power supply provision; standard operating procedures for operation and maintenance; and imparting necessary training for ULB staff; providing necessary safety, no manual cleaning of sewers, and personal protection equipment for workers (protection against oxygen deficiency, harmful gaseous emissions) and sludge handling, and development of green buffer zone around the STP.
226. The site selected for STP is located on the banks of Maurya Nala at old trenching ground on the outer frings of the city on Indore-Khandwa road. Site is surrounded by agricultural lands, and there are notable developments within 500 m of the site boundary, habitation is at about115 - 50 m from the site boundary. It is proposed developed sufficientbuffer around the plant with in the STP boundary, so the buffer between STP components and residential areal will act as a barrier from Air and Noise pollution, and given the proposed SBR technology with low odour and low noise, there are no impacts envisaged.
227. Maurya Nala flows near the town, and it is proposed that treated wastewater from the STP will be discharge into Maurya Nala and after traveling a distance of approximately 350m it will terminate into Bakud river. It is a seasonal river, flows only during monsoon, and rest of the time its most part run dry. There are no water intakes on the downstream side of proposed discharged location. As the river acts as natural drains for carrying sewage of the town, it is not a source of water. Bakud River flows down for about 5 km from Sanawad and meets Narmada River. Baseline water quality of Bakud river will be established during detailed design phase. Given the proposed treatment process of SBR, and output quality more stringent than the STP disposal standards, no impacts envisaged on receiving water body. Monitoring will be conducted during the operation.
228. All the project sites (STP and pumping station) sites are situated on government owned vacant land parcels, and sewers will be laid on the public roads. Therefore, subproject do not involve any private land acquisition.
229. Sewage pumping stations likely to generate odour and may cause nuisance to nearby areas. Various site planning, green buffer and design related measures are included in the project to prevent and control odour generation.
230. STP malfunction or decrease in treatment efficiency will have adverse impacts. This will result in release of untreated or partially treated wastewater into river, and may cause public health issues. Besides measures to select an efficient treatment process to treat sewage, various measures are included in the design and operation phase to ensure that sewage
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
system is operated and maintained with designed efficiency. Proper sludge management system to collect, treat and dispose safety will be developed and followed. Periodic monitoring of dried sludge to check suitability as a manure is suggested.
231. Except sewer works, all other construction activities will be confined to the selected sites, and the interference with the general public and community around is minimal. There will be temporary negative impacts, arising mainly from construction dust and noise, hauling of construction material, waste and equipment on local roads (traffic, dust, safety etc.,), mining of construction material, occupation health and safety aspects. Sewer line works will be conducted along public roads in the town with narrow and congested roads, subproject is likely to cause impacts during construction. Impacts mainly arise from the construction dust and noise; from the disturbance of residents, businesses, traffic by the construction work, safety risk to workers, public and nearby buildings due to deep trench excavations, especially in narrow roads, dust, access impediment to houses and business, disposal of large quantities of construction waste, etc. These are all general impacts of construction in urban areas, and there are well developed methods of mitigation that are suggested in the EMP.
232. Once the new system is operating, the facilities will operate with routine maintenance, which should not affect the environment. Improved system operation will comply with the operation and maintenance manual and standard operating procedures to be developed for all the activities.
233. Mitigation will be assured by a program of environmental monitoring conducted during construction and operation to ensure that all measures are implemented, and to determine whether the environment is protected as intended. This will include observations on- and off- site, document checks, and interviews with workers and beneficiaries, and any requirements for remedial action will be reported to the PMU.
234. Stakeholders were involved in developing the IEE through face-to-face discussions, on site meetings, and a city level consultation workshop, which was conducted for larger public participation in the project. Views expressed by the stakeholders were incorporated into the IEE and the planning and development of the project. The IEE will be made available at public locations and will be disclosed to a wider audience via the MPUDC, and ADB websites. The consultation process will be continued during project implementation to ensure that stakeholders are engaged in the project and have the opportunity to participate in its development and implementation. The project’s grievance redress mechanism will provide the citizens with a platform for redress their grievances, and describes the informal and formal channels, time frame, and mechanisms for resolving complaints about environmental performance.
235. The EMP will assist the project agencies and contractor in mitigating the environmental impacts, and guide them in the environmentally sound execution of the proposed project. A copy of the updated EMP/ SEP shall be kept on-site during the construction period at all times. The EMP shall be made binding on all contractors operating on the site, and will be included in the contractual clauses. Non-compliance with, or any deviation from, the conditions set out in this document shall constitute a failure in compliance.
236. The citizens of Sanawad will be the major beneficiaries of this subproject. The new sewerage system will remove the human waste from those areas served by the network rapidly and treated to an acceptable standard. In addition to improved environmental conditions, the subproject will improve the over-all public health in the project area. Diseases
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
of poor sanitation, such as diarrhea and dysentery, should be reduced, so people should spend less on healthcare and lose fewer working days due to illness, so their economic status should also improve, as well as their overall health.
237. Therefore, as per ADB SPS, the project is classified as environmental category B and does not require further environmental impact assessment. However, to conform to government guidelines STP requires consent to establishment (CTE) and consent to operate (CTO) from Madhya Pradesh Pollution Control Board. CTE will be obtained prior to construction, as the detailed design of STP will be undertaken by contractor. Subproject is proposed under design-build-operate contract modality, and therefore various suggested measures will be included during the detailed design.
238. This IEE shall be updated by PMU during the detailed design phase to reflect any changes, amendments and will be reviewed and approved by ADB.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 1: REA Checklist Sewerage and Sanitation
Instructions: ▪ This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorization form that is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance Officer of the Regional and Sustainable Development Department. ▪ This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environment Specialist in a Regional Department. ▪ This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB checklists and handbooks on (i) involuntary resettlement, (ii) indigenous peoples planning, (iii) poverty reduction, (iv) participation, and (v) gender and development.
▪ Answer the questions assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.
Country / Project Title: India / Madhya Pradesh Urban Service Improvements Program - Sanawad Sewerage and Sanitation Subproject Sector Division: Urban Development
SCREENING QUESTIONS Yes No REMARKS Sewerage & Sanitation A. Project Siting Is the project area… ▪ Densely populated? Subproject activities extend to the entire town including the densely populated areas. There are no major negative impacts envisaged, because sewer line will be located in unused government lands alongside the existing roads and can be constructed without causing disturbance to, houses, and commercial establishments. In narrow streets, disruption to road users is likely, and measure like best activity scheduling, alternative routes, prior information to road users, houses and shops will minimize the impact to acceptable levels.
The proposed STP site is reported withininhabitted are and houses present within 15 - 50 meters from its premises. The proposed collector and mains alignment is similar to that of any small urban area and adequate provisions have been incorporated in to the project design to mitigate those are unavoidable. Also, the proposed project will improve the environmental conditions and quality of life in that area.
▪ Heavy with development No activities ?
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
▪ Adjacent to or within any No environmentally sensitive areas? No • Cultural heritage site
• Protected Area No • Wetland No • Mangrove No • Estuarine No • No • SBufferzoneofprotecpecial area for tedare No protecting biodiversity • Bay No B. Potential Environmental Impacts Will the Project cause… • Impairment of historical / No cultural monuments / areas and loss / damage to these sites? • Interference with other The sewer pipeline alignment has been designed as a utilities and blocking of buried conduit and access across the ROW shall not be access to buildings; disturbed after completion of the works. Where pipe nuisance to neighbouring laying activities shall affect existing access roads, alternative crossings shall be provided during the areas due to noise, smell, construction period. Existing access roads shall be and influx of insects, restored to their existing or better condition following rodents, etc.? completion of the pipeline operations.
• Dislocation or There is no resettlement of people for project involuntary implementation. resettlement of people
• Impairment of There may be possibility of pollution of downstream downstream water water if sewage not adequately treated as per required quality due to standards. An adequate design criterion is adopted for inadequate sewage the proper disposal of treated sewage as per treatment or release CPCB/MPPCB norms without causing any impairment of untreated to the downstream water quality sewage? • Overflows and flooding of There are chances of overflowing or flooding of sewer neighbouring properties with manholes if not adequately designed. All sewer lines are designed for the year 2048 peak flow and however raw sewage? the flow is mainly depending upon the number of house service connections. Hence chances for overflowing into the neighbour properties are less.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
• Environmental pollution due The system is designed for the collection and treatment of domestic sewage only. It can be monitored to inadequate sludge disposal periodically to avoid any illegal disposal of industrial or industrial waste discharges waste into the system. The collected sludge from STP illegally disposed in sewers in form of sludge cakes can be disposed at the designated site or used as manure. Utmost care should be taken for legitimate disposal of sludge during operation of STP. The best use of sludge can be to use as manure in agriculture as there are a lot of agricultural fields near the STP site. This can also be a means of revenue generation for ULB. It is recommended to check all the possibilities of sludge use and disposal before start of operation of STP. • Noise and vibration due to Blasting will not be done during excavation. Generation blasting and other civil works? of noise during construction will not exceed normal emissions for general building construction activities. The contractor should ensure that there shall be no noise problem to the residents. Nevertheless, the contractor shall carry out noise measurements at frequencies and locations to be agreed with the employer’s representative and carryout measures to control it whenever and wherever needed. • Discharge of hazardous The sewer pipeline alignment has been designed as a buried conduit and hence chances for discharge of materials into sewers, hazardous materials into sewers are less. Also regular resulting in damage to sewer monitoring programmes will be conducted. system and danger to works? • Inadequate buffer zone Adequate buffer zones as per guidelines will be around pumping and provided. treatment plants to alleviate The contractor will be utilizing the local labour force as • Social conflicts between far as possible; incase if it is unavoidable, labour camps construction workers from and facilities will be provided appropriately. No conflicts other areas and community envisaged workers? Access roads and alternative crossings should be • Road blocking and provided during the construction period. temporary flooding due to land excavation during the rainy season? • Noise and dust from All the construction machineries employed will comply with noise emission standards of Central Pollution construction activities Control Board. Dust suppression measures such as water sprinkling will be employed
• Traffic disturbances due to There may be a moderate increase of traffic during the construction activities, which cannot be avoided. construction material transport Also adequate measures will be taken to avoid traffic and wastes? disturbances during the constructional phase.
• Temporary silt runoff due to There is no considerable runoff could be caused construction during the constructional activities. • Hazards to public health due Hydro testing will be carried out to all sewer lines and to overflow flooding, and manholes as per CPHEEO manual. groundwater pollution due to failure of sewerage system?
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
• Deterioration of water quality Proper care should be taken before disposal of sludge. No direct discharge of untreated sewage due to inadequate sludge should be done in to any water course. Sewage disposal or direct discharge of should be disposed after proper treatment as per untreated sewage water? CPHEEO Manual guidelines.
• Contamination of surface Pre-study should be done before start of operation of STP for proper use/disposal of sludge. The collected and ground waters due to sludge cakes can be disposed at the designated site sludge disposal on land? as per MPPCB norms and also it can be used as manure.
• Health and safety hazards to Ventilation shaft will be provided at the trunk main and adequate safety measures are incorporated in workers from toxic gases and the system design. hazardous materials which may be contained in sewage flow and exposure to pathogens in sewage and sludge Yes No Remarks Climate Change and Disaster Risk Questions The following questions are not for environmental categorization. They are included in this checklist to help identify potential climate and disaster risks. Is the Project area subject to hazards such as √ Semi-arid zone, unreliable earthquakes, floods, landslides, tropical cyclone rainfall, less vegetation winds, storm s urges, tsunami or volcanic eruptions cover. Promote more and climate changes? efficient use of water by reducing losses and wastage to counter increased demands due to higher temperatures. Could changes in temperature, precipitation, or √ Reduction in rainfall may extreme events patterns over the Project life span affect the water availability affect technical or financial sustainability from dam. Given the priority (e.g.,changes in rainfall patterns disrupt reliability of for drinking water supply, water supply; sea level rise creates salinity intrusion dead storage will be utilized into proposed water supply source)? in case oflow rainfall years
Are there any demographic or socio-economic aspects √ No of the Project area that are already vulnerable (e.g.high incidence of marginalized populations, rural- urban migrants, illegal settlements, ethnic minorities, women or children)? Could the Project potentially increase the climate or √ No disaster vulnerability of the surrounding area (e.g.,by using water from a vulnerable source that is relied upon by many user groups, or encouraging settlement in earthquake zones)?
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 2: National Ambient Air Quality Standards
SL Pollutants Time Concentrationin ambientair Methodofmeasurement NO: weighte d Industrial, Ecologically average Residential, Rural Sensitive &Other Areas Areas 1 Annual 50 20 ImprovedWestandGeake- SulphurDioxide 3 24 hours 80 80 Ultravioletfluorescence (SO2)µg/m 2 Annual 40 30 Modified Jacob&Hochheiser NitrogenDioxide 3 24 hours 80 80 (Na-Arsenite) (NO2)µg/m Chemiluminescence
3 Particulate Matter Annual 60 60 Gravimetric (Sizeless than10 24 hours 100 100 -TOEM 3 µm)orPM10µg/m -Beta attenuation 4 Particulate Matter Annual 40 40 Gravimetric (Sizeless than2.5 24 hours 60 60 -TOEM 3 µm)orPM2.5µg/m -Beta attenuation 5 CarbonMonoxide 8 hours 02 02 NonDispersiveInfraRed (CO)mg/m3 1 hours 04 04 (NDIR)Spectroscopy
Appendix3 : Vehicle Exhaust Emission Norms 1.Passenger Cars Norms CO(g/km) HC+NOx(g/km) 1991 Norms 14.3-27.1 2.0(OnlyHC) 1996 Norms 8.68-12.40 3.00-4.36 1998 Norms 4.34-6.20 1.50-2.18 India stage 2000 norms 2.72 0.97 Bharat stage-II 2.2 0.5 Bharat Stage-III 2.3 0.35(combined) Bharat Stage-IV 1.0 0.18(combined)
2.Heavy Diesel Vehicles Norms CO(g/kmhr) HC(g/kmhr) NOx (g/kmhr) PM(g/kmhr) 1991 Norms 14 3.5 18 - 1996 Norms 11.2 2.4 14.4 - India stage2000 norms 4.5 1.1 8.0 0.36 Bharat stage-II 4.0 1.1 7.0 0.15 Bharat Stage-III 2.1 1.6 5.0 0.10 Bharat Stage-IV 1.5 0.96 3.5 0.02 Source: Central Pollution Control Board CO=Carbon Monixide; g/kmhr= grams per kilometer- hour; HC= Hydrocarbons; NOx=oxides of nitrogen; PM= Particulates Matter
Appendix 4: National Ambient Air Quality Standards in Respect of Noise Area code Category ofarea/zone LimitindB Day (A) Nighttime time A Industrial area 75 70 B Commercial area 65 55 C Residential area 55 45 D Silence zone 50 40
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 5: EXTRACT FROM CONSTRUCTION & DEMOLITION MANAGEMENT RULES, 2016
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
APPENDIX 6: Salient Features of Major Labor Laws Applicable to Establishments Engaged in Construction of Civil Works
(i) Workmen Compensation Act, 1923 - The Act provides for compensation in case of injury by accident arising out of and during the course of employment.
(ii) Payment of Gratuity Act, 1972 - Gratuity is payable to an employee under the Act on satisfaction of certain conditions on separation if an employee has completed 5 years’ service or more or on death at the rate of 15 days wages for every completed year of service. The Act is applicable to all establishments employing 10 or more employees.
(iii) Employees’ PF and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952 - The Act provides for monthly contributions by the employer plus workers @10 % or 8.33 %. The benefits payable under the Act are: (a) Pension or family pension on retirement or death as the case may be; (b) deposit linked insurance on the death in harness of the worker; (c) payment of PF accumulation on retirement/death etc.
(iv) Maternity Benefit Act, 1951 - The Act provides for leave and some other benefits to women employees in case of confinement or miscarriage etc.
(v) Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1970 - The Act provides for certain welfare measures to be provided by the Contractor to contract labor and in case the Contractor fails to provide, the same are required to be provided by the Principal Employer by Law. The principal employer is required to take Certificate of Registration and the Contractor is required to take a License from the designated Officer. The Act is applicable to the establishments or Contractor of principal employer if they employ 20 or more contract labor.
(vi) Minimum Wages Act, 1948 - The employer is supposed to pay not less than the Minimum Wages fixed by appropriate Government as per provisions of the Act if the employment is a scheduled employment. Construction of Buildings, Roads, Runways are scheduled employment.
(vii) Payment of Wages Act, 1936 - It lays down as to by what date the wages are to be paid, when it will be paid and what deductions can be made from the wages of the workers.
(viii) Equal Remuneration Act, 1979 - The Act provides for payment of equal wages for work of equal nature to Male and Female workers and not for making discrimination against Female employees in the matters of transfers, training and promotions etc.
(ix) Payment of Bonus Act, 1965 - The Act is applicable to all establishments employing 20 or more workmen. The Act provides for payments of annual bonus subject to a minimum of 8.33 % of wages and maximum of 20 % of wages to employees drawing Rs. 3,500/- per month or less. The bonus to be paid to employees getting Rs. 2,500/- per month or above up to Rs.3,500/- per month shall be worked out by taking wages as Rs.2,500/- per month only. The Act does not apply to certain establishments. The newly set up establishments are exempted for five years in certain circumstances. Some of the State Governments have reduced the employment size from 20 to 10 for the purpose of applicability of the Act.
(x) Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 - The Act lays down the machinery and procedure for resolution of industrial disputes, in what situations a strike or lock-out becomes illegal and what are the requirements for laying off or retrenching the employees or closing down the establishment.
(xi) Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act, 1946 - It is applicable to all establishments employing 100 or more workmen (employment size reduced by some of the States and Central Government to 50). The Act provides for laying down rules governing the conditions of employment by the employer on matters provided in the Act and get the same certified by the designated Authority.
(xii) Trade Unions Act, 1926 - The Act lays down the procedure for registration of trade unions of workmen and employees. The trade unions registered under the Act have been given certain immunities from civil and criminal liabilities.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
(xiii) Child Labor (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986 - The Act prohibits employment of children below 14 years of age in certain occupations and processes and provides for regulation of employment of children in all other occupations and processes. Employment of child labor is prohibited in Building and Construction Industry.
(xiv) Inter-State Migrant Workmen's (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1979 - The Act is applicable to an establishment which employs 5 or more inter-state migrant workmen through an intermediary (who has recruited workmen in one state for employment in the establishment situated in another state). The inter-state migrant workmen, in an establishment to which this Act becomes applicable, are required to be provided certain facilities such as housing, medical aid, traveling expenses from home up to the establishment and back, etc
(xv) The Building and Other Construction Workers (Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 and the Cess Act of 1996 - All the establishments who carry on any building or other construction work and employ 10 or more workers are covered under this Act. All such establishments are required to pay Cess at rate not exceeding 2% of the cost of construction as may be notified by the Government. The employer of the establishment is required to provide safety measures at the building or construction work and other welfare measures, such as canteens, first-aid facilities, ambulance, housing accommodation for workers near the workplace etc. The employer to whom the Act applies has to obtain a registration certificate from the Registering Officer appointed by the Government.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 7: General Standards for Discharge of Environmental Pollutants (Wastewater)
S. Parameter Standards No. Inland surface Public sewers Land irrigation water
1. Colour and odour remove as far as practicable
2. Suspended solids mg/l. 100 600 200 max.
3. Particle size of shall pass 850 - - suspended solids microns IS Sieve
4. pH value 5.5. to 9.0 5.5 to 9.0 5.5 to 9.0
5. Temperature shall not - - exceed 50C above the receiving water temperature
6. Oil and grease, mg./l, 10 20 10 max.
7. Total residual chlorine, 1.0 - - mg/l. max.
8. Ammonical nitrogen (as 50 50 - N.) mg/l max
9. Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen 100 - - (as NH3) mg/l. max
10. Free ammonia (as NH3), 5.0 - - mg/l.max
11. Biochemical oxygen 30 350 100 demand (3 days at 270C), mg/l. max.
12. Chemical oxygen 250 - - demand, mg/l, max.
13. Arsenic (as As) mg/l, 0.2 0.2 0.2 max.
14. Mercury (As Hg), mg/l, 0.01 0.01 -
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
S. Parameter Standards No. Inland surface Public sewers Land irrigation water
max.
15. Lead (as Pb) mg/l, max 0.1 1.0 -
16. Cadmium (as Cd) mg/l. 2.0 1.0 - max
17. Hexavalent chro- mium 0.1 2.0 - (as Cr. +6). mg/l, max
18. Total Chromium (as Cr) 2.0 2.0 - mg/l, max
19. Copper (as Cu) mg/l, max 3.0 3.0 -
20. Zinc (as Zn) mg/l, max 5.0 15 -
21. Selenium (as Se) mg/l, 0.05 0.05 - max
22. Nickel (as Ni) mg/l, max 3.0 3.0 -
23. Cyanide (as CN) mg/l, 0.2 2.0 0.2 max
24. Fluoride (as F) mg/l, max 2.0 15 -
25. Dissolved phosphates (as 5.0 - - P) mg/l, max
26. Sulfide (as S) mg/l, max 2.0 - -
Phenolic compounds (as - 27. 1.0 5.0 C6H5OH) mg/l, max
Radioactive materials: 10-7 10-7 10-8 (a) Alpha emitters
microcurie mg/l, max. (b)Beta emitters micro curie mg/l 10-8 10-8 10-7
Bio-assay test 90% survival of 90% survival of 90% survival of fish after 96 fish after 96 fish hours in 100% hours in 100% after 96 hours in effluent effluent 100% effluent
Manganese 2 mg/l 2 mg/l -
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
S. Parameter Standards No. Inland surface Public sewers Land irrigation water
Iron (as Fe) 3mg/l 3mg/l -
Vanadium (as V) 0.2mg/l 0.2mg/l -
Nitrate Nitrogen 10 mg/l - -
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 8: Sample Grievance Registration Form
(To be available in Hindi and English)
The ______Project welcomes complaints, suggestions, queries, and comments regarding project implementation. We encourage persons with grievance to provide their name and contact information to enable us to get in touch with you for clarification and feedback.
Should you choose to include your personal details but want that information to remain confidential, please inform us by writing/typing *(CONFIDENTIAL)* above your name. Thank you.
Date Place of registration Project Town
Project:
Contact information/personal details Name Gender * Male Age * Female Home address
Place Phone no. E-mail Complaint/suggestion/comment/question Please provide the details (who, what, where, and how) of your grievance below:
If included as attachment/note/letter, please tick here: How do you want us to reach you for feedback or update on your comment/grievance?
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Registered by: (Name of official registering grievance)
Mode of communication: Note/letter E-mail Verbal/telephonic Reviewed by: (Names/positions of officials reviewing grievance)
Action taken:
Whether action taken disclosed: Yes No
Means of disclosure:
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 9: Sample Outline Spoils (construction waste) Management Plan
• The Spoil Management Plan should be site specific and be part of the monthly Construction Management Plan. • The contractor, in consultation with the PIU, has to find out appropriate location/s for the disposal of the excess soil generated. The spoils should be deposited only at these sites. • Further precautions need to be taken in case of the contaminated spoils • The vehicle carrying the spoil should be covered properly. • The spoils generating from each site should be removed on the same day or immediately after the work is complete. The site / road should be restored to the original condition.
I. Spoils information The spoil information contains the details like a) The type / material, b) Potential contamination by that type, c) Expected volume (site / component specific), d) Spoil Classification etc.
II. Spoils management The Spoil Management section gives the details of a) Transportation of spoil b) disposal site details c) Precautions taken d) Volume of contaminated spoil, if present, d) Suggested reuse of disposal of the spoil
III. Documentation The volume of spoil generated (site specific, date wise), site disposed, reuse / disposal details should be documented properly.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 10: Sample Outline Traffic Management Plan
A. Principles for TMP around the Water Pipes Construction Sites 1. One of the prime objectives of this TMP is to ensure the safety of all the road users along the work zone, and to address the following issues: (i) the safety of pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorists travelling through the construction zone; (ii) protection of work crews from hazards associated with moving traffic; (iii) mitigation of the adverse impact on road capacity and delays to the road users; (iv) maintenance of access to adjoining properties; and (v) Addressing issues that may delay the project.
B. Operating Policies for TMP 2. The following principles will help promote safe and efficient movement for all road users (motorists, bicyclists, and pedestrians, including persons with disabilities) through and around work zones while reasonably protecting workers and equipment. (i) Make traffic safety and temporary traffic control an integral and high-priority element of project from planning through design, construction, and maintenance. (ii) Inhibit traffic movement as little as possible. (iii) Provide clear and positive guidance to drivers, bicyclists, and pedestrians as they approach and travel through the temporary traffic control zone. (iv) Inspect traffic control elements routinely, both day and night, and make modifications when necessary. (v) Pay increased attention to roadside safety in the vicinity of temporary traffic control zones. (vi) Train all persons that select, place, and maintain temporary traffic control devices. (vii) Keep the public well informed. (viii) Make appropriate accommodation for abutting property owners, residents, businesses, emergency services, railroads, commercial vehicles, and transit operations.
3. Figure A2 to Figure A12illustrates the operating policy for TMP for the construction of water pipes and the sewers along various types of roads.
C. Analyze the impact due to street closure 4. Apart from the capacity analysis, a final decision to close a particular street and divert the traffic should involve the following steps:
(i) Approval from the ULB/Public Works Department (PWD) to use the local streets as detours; (ii) Consultation with businesses, community members, traffic police, PWD, etc, regarding the mitigation measures necessary at the detours where the road is diverted during the construction;
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
(iii) Determining of the maximum number of days allowed for road closure, and incorporation of such provisions into the contract documents; (iv) Determining if additional traffic control or temporary improvements are needed along the detour route; (v) Considering how access will be provided to the worksite; (vi) Contacting emergency service, school officials, and transit authorities to determine if there are impacts to their operations; and (vii) Developing a notification program to the public so that the closure is not a surprise. As part of this program, the public should be advised of alternate routes that commuters can take or will have to take as result of the traffic diversion.
5. If full road-closure of certain streets within the area is not feasible due to inadequate capacity of the detour street or public opposition, the full closure can be restricted to weekends with the construction commencing on Saturday night and ending on Monday morning prior to the morning peak period.
Figure A1: Policy Steps for the TMP
• Review construction schedule and methods Review
Traffic Re- • Identify initial traffic recirculation and control policy Circulation
• Identify routes for traffic diversions Traffic • Analyse adverse impact & mitigation at the detours Diversions
• Begin community consultation for consensus Full Road • Finalise or determine alternate detours Colsures
• Identify temporary parking (on and off -street ) Temporary • Discuss with CMC, owner, community for use parking
• Coordinate with theTraffic Police to enforce traffic and diversions Police Coordination
• Install traffic control devices (traffic cones, sgns, lightings, etc) Install control devices
• Conduct campaigns, publicity, and notify public about street closure Awareness
Develop a mechanism to address public grievances regarding disruptons (traffic, utilities, and diversions) Public • Redress
D. Public awareness and notifications 6. As per discussions in the previous sections, there will be travel delays during the constructions, as is the case with most construction projects, albeit on a reduced scale if
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H) utilities and traffic management are properly coordinated. There are additional grounds for travel delays in the area, as most of the streets lack sufficient capacity to accommodate additional traffic from diverted traffic as a result of street closures to accommodate the works. 6. The awareness campaign and the prior notification for the public will be a continuous activity which the project will carry out to compensate for the above delays and minimize public claims as result of these problems. These activities will take place sufficiently in advance of the time when the roadblocks or traffic diversions take place at the particular streets. The reason for this is to allow sufficient time for the public and residents to understand the changes to their travel plans. The project will notify the public about the roadblocks and traffic diversion through public notices, ward level meetings and city level meeting with the elected representatives. 7. The PIU will also conduct an awareness campaign to educate the public about the following issues: (i) Traffic control devices in place at the work zones (signs, traffic cones, barriers, etc.); (ii) Defensive driving behaviour along the work zones; and (iii) Reduced speeds enforced at the work zones and traffic diversions.
8. It may be necessary to conduct the awareness programs/campaigns on road safety during construction. 9. The campaign will cater to all types of target groups i.e. children, adults, and drivers. Therefore, these campaigns will be conducted in schools and community centres. In addition, the project will publish a brochure for public information. These brochures will be widely circulated around the area and will also be available at the PIU, and the contractor's site office. The text of the brochure should be concise to be effective, with a lot of graphics. It will serve the following purpose: (i) Explain why the brochure was prepared, along with a brief description of the project; (ii) Advise the public to expect the unexpected; (iii) Educate the public about the various traffic control devices and safety measures adopted at the work zones; (iv) Educate the public about the safe road user behaviour to emulate at the work zones; (v) Tell the public how to stay informed or where to inquire about road safety issues at the work zones (name, telephone, mobile number of the contact person; and (vi) Indicate the office hours of relevant offices.
E. Install traffic control devices at the work zones and traffic diversion routes 10. The purpose of installing traffic control devices at the work zones is to delineate these areas to warn, inform, and direct the road users about a hazard ahead, and to protect them as well as the workers. As proper delineation is a key to achieve the above objective, it is important to install good traffic signs at the work zones. The following traffic control devices are used in work zones:
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
• Signs • Pavement Markings • Channelizing Devices • Arrow Panels • Warning Lights 11. Procedures for installing traffic control devices at any work zone vary, depending on road configuration, location of the work, construction activity, duration, traffic speed and volume, and pedestrian traffic. Work will take place along major roads, and the minor internal roads. As such, the traffic volume and road geometry vary. The main roads carry considerable traffic; internal roads in the new city areas are wide but in old city roads very narrow and carry considerable traffic. However, regardless of where the construction takes place, all the work zones should be cordoned off, and traffic shifted away at least with traffic cones, barricades, and temporary signs (temporary “STOP” and “GO”). 12. Figure A2 to Figure A6 illustrates a typical set-up for installing traffic control devices at the work zone of the area, depending on the location of work on the road way, and road geometrics:
• Work on shoulder or parking lane • Shoulder or parking lane closed on divided road • Work in Travel lane • Lane closure on road with low volume • Street closure with detour
13. The work zone should take into consideration the space required for a buffer zone between the workers and the traffic (lateral and longitudinal) and the transition space required for delineation, as applicable. For the works, a 30 cm clearance between the traffic and the temporary STOP and GO signs should be provided. In addition, at least 60 cm is necessary to install the temporary traffic signs and cones. 14. Traffic police should regulate traffic away from the work zone and enforce the traffic diversion result from full street closure in certain areas during construction. Flagggers/ personnel should be equipped with reflective jackets at all times and have traffic control batons (preferably the LED type) for regulating the traffic during night time. 16. In addition to the delineation devices, all the construction workers should wear fluorescent safety vests and helmets in order to be visible to the motorists at all times. There should be provision for lighting beacons and illumination for night constructions.
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure A2 & A3: Work on shoulder or parking lane & Shoulder or parking lane closed on divided road
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure A4 & A5: Work in Travel lane & Lane closure on road with low volume
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure A6: Street closure with detour
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 11: SAMPLE ENVIRONMENTAL SITE INSPECTION REPORT
Project Name Contract Number
NAME: ______DATE: ______TITLE: ______DMA: ______LOCATION: ______GROUP: ______WEATHER:
Project Survey Activity Stage Design Implementation Pre-Commissioning Guarantee Period
Monitoring Items Compliance
Compliance marked as Yes / No / Not applicable (NA) / Partially Implemented (PI)
EHS supervisor appointed by contractor and available on site
Archaeological Supervisor appointed by contractor and available on site
Construction site management plan (spoils, safety, schedule, equipment etc.,) prepared
Traffic management plan prepared
Dust is under control
Excavated soil properly placed within minimum space
Construction area is confined; no traffic/pedestrian entry observed
Surplus soil/debris/waste is disposed without delay
Construction material (sand/gravel/aggregate) brought to site as & when required only
Tarpaulins used to cover sand & other loose material when transported by vehicles
After unloading, wheels & undercarriage of vehicles cleaned prior to leaving the site
No AC pipes disturbed/removed during excavation
No chance finds encountered during excavation
Work is planned in consultation with traffic police
Work is not being conducted during heavy traffic
Work at a stretch is completed within a day (excavation, pipe laying & backfilling)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Pipe trenches are not kept open unduly
Road is not completely closed; work is conducted on edge; at least one line is kept open
Road is closed; alternative route provided & public informed, information board provided
Pedestrian access to houses is not blocked due to pipe laying
Spaces left in between trenches for access
Wooden planks/metal sheets provided across trench for pedestrian
No public/unauthorized entry observed in work site
Children safety measures (barricades, security) in place at works in residential areas
Prior public information provided about the work, schedule and disturbances
Caution/warning board provided on site
Guards with red flag provided during work at busy roads
Workers using appropriate PPE (boots, gloves, helmets, ear muffs etc)
Workers conducting or near heavy noise work is provided with ear muffs
Contractor is following standard & safe construction practices
Deep excavation is conducted with land slip/protection measures
First aid facilities are available on site and workers informed
Drinking water provided at the site
Toilet facility provided at the site
Separate toilet facility is provided for women workers
Workers camps are maintained cleanly
Adequate toilet & bath facilities provided
Contractor employed local workers as far as possible
Workers camp set up with the permission of PIU
Adequate housing provided
Sufficient water provided for drinking/washing/bath
No noisy work is conducted in the nights
Local people informed of noisy work
No blasting activity conducted
Pneumatic drills or other equipment creating vibration is not used near old/risky buildings
Signature
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
______
Sign off
______Name Name Position Position
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 12: Quarterly Reporting Format for Assistant Safeguards Officer
1. Introduction
• Overall project description and objectives • Description of sub-projects • Environmental category of the sub-projects • Details of site personnel and/or consultants responsible for environmental monitoring • Overall project and sub-project progress and status
Status of Sub-Project Sub-Project List of Progress No. Name Design Pre- Construction Operational Works of Works Construction Phase
2. Compliance status with National/ State/ Local statutory environmental requirements
No. Sub-Project Name Statutory Environmental Status of Action Required Requirements Compliance
3. Compliance status with environmental loan covenants
No. (List schedule and Covenant Status of Compliance Action Required paragraph number of Loan Agreement)
4. Compliance status with the environmental management and monitoring plan
• Provide the monitoring results as per the parameters outlined in the EMP. Append supporting documents where applicable, including Environmental Site Inspection Reports. • There should be reporting on the following items which can be incorporated in the checklist of routine Environmental Site Inspection Report followed with a summary in the semi-annual
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H) report send to ADB. Visual assessment and review of relevant site documentation during routine site inspection needs to note and record the following: o What are the dust suppression techniques followed for site and if any dust was noted to escape the site boundaries; o If muddy water was escaping site boundaries or muddy tracks were seen on adjacent roads; o adequacy of type of erosion and sediment control measures installed on site, condition of erosion and sediment control measures including if these were intact following heavy rain; o Are their designated areas for concrete works, and refuelling; o Are their spill kits on site and if there are site procedure for handling emergencies; o Is there any chemical stored on site and what is the storage condition? o Is there any dewatering activities if yes, where is the water being discharged; o How are the stockpiles being managed; o How is solid and liquid waste being handled on site; o Review of the complaint management system; Checking if there are any activities being under taken out of working hours and how that is being managed
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Summary Monitoring Table
Impacts (List Mitigation Parameters Monitored (As a Method of Location of Date of Name of Person from IEE) Measures (List minimum those identified in the Monitoring Monitoring Monitoring Who Conducted from IEE) IEE should be monitored) Conducted the Monitoring
Design Phase
Pre-Construction Phase
Construction Phase
Operational Phase
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Overall Compliance with CEMP/ EMP
No. Sub-Project Name EMP/ CEMP Part of CEMP/ EMP Being Status of Implementation (Excellent/ Action Proposed and Contract Documents Implemented (Y/N) Satisfactory/ Partially Satisfactory/ Additional Measures (Y/N) Below Satisfactory) Required
5. Approach and methodology for environmental monitoring of the project
• Brief description on the approach and methodology used for environmental monitoring of each sub-project 6. Monitoring of environmental impacts on project surroundings (ambient air, water quality and noise levels)
• Brief discussion on the basis for monitoring • Indicate type and location of environmental parameters to be monitored • Indicate the method of monitoring and equipment to be used • Provide monitoring results and an analysis of results in relation to baseline data and statutory requirements
As a minimum the results should be presented as per the tables below.
207
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Air Quality Results
Parameters (Government Standards) Site No. Date of Testing Site Location 3 3 3 PM10 µg/m SO2 µg/m NO2 µg/m
Parameters (Monitoring Results) Site No. Date of Testing Site Location 3 3 3 PM10 µg/m SO2 µg/m NO2 µg/m
Water Quality Results
Parameters (Government Standards)
Site No. Date of Sampling Site Location pH Conductivity BOD TSS TN mg/L TP mg/L µS/cm mg/L mg/L
Site No. Date of Sampling Site Location Parameters (Monitoring Results)
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
pH Conductivity BOD TSS TN mg/L TP mg/L µS/cm mg/L mg/L
Noise Quality Results
LAeq (dBA) (Government Standard) Site No. Date of Testing Site Location Day Time Night Time
LAeq (dBA) (Monitoring Results) Site No. Date of Testing Site Location Day Time Night Time
7. Summary of key issues and remedial actions
• Summary of follow up time-bound actions to be taken within a set timeframe.
8. Appendixes
• Photos • Summary of consultations • Copies of environmental clearances and permits • Sample of environmental site inspection report • Other
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 13: Summary of Consultation with Stakeholders S.N. Location Participants (M/F) Topic Discussed Issues Raised and Key Mitigation Measures 1 Office of the Elected Prevailing status of sewage Elected representatives have shown their willingness to Nagar representatives Need of the Subproject support / agreed to take the subproject. Parishad, locally called Ward Briefing on subproject Most of the have septic tank while in slum area hardly have Sanawad on Parshad (Female-4 objectives septic tank in the house. 7thDecember and Male-5) The adverse effect of flowing Why treat sewage water- as it pollutes fresh water from 2017 sewer into the open nallahs of lakes, rivers and the ground water table, so it must be city. treated. Connection of existing toilets What are the common methods for sewage treatment and with the sewer line will be a what type of technology is proposed. basic problem for the residents Temporary impacts: possible interruption in commercial Potential positive and activity, breakage of other utility line, safety for pedestrian negative impacts due to project etc. implementation and specific Improvement in environment, health and hygiene etc. measures taken for odour and Suggested if noticed during construction, then should be noise control (montoring & compensated as per RF modelling, odour capture etc.) Public notice to be circulated, construction should be were also explained to completed in the given time, debris stakeholders. Shown their interest to pay tariff and full participation to motivate others If impact on livelihood. Timely restoration of excavated site Inconvenience to public Prior meeting required before start of civil works Willingness to pay Adequate provision for minimizing the Dust and Noise The Sewerage Project Pollution during construction and during operation phase Background, Environmental, specific measures taken for odour and noise control Social, traffic safety issue and (modelling, odour capture etc.). benefit from the project were Prior information is required before start of the civil works explained to the elected for STP and pumping stations representatives.. More attention is required on safety as a supervisor is required to observe and enforce safety measures For Safety of Local traffic and pedestrian in Built-up Zone, fencing should be provided. They were contented with the provisions of project and said they are looking forward for the same.
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
S.N. Location Participants (M/F) Topic Discussed Issues Raised and Key Mitigation Measures 2 Office of the Municipality Staff The Sewerage Project Why treat sewage water- as it pollutes fresh water of Bakud Nagar (Female-5 and Background, Environmental, river and the ground water table, so it must be treated. Parishad, Male-20) Social, traffic safety issue and What are the common methods for sewage treatment and Sanawad on benefit from the project were what type of technology is proposed. 7thDecember explained to the elected Temporary impacts: possible interruption in commercial 2017 representatives.. activity, breakage of other utility line, safety for pedestrian Prevailing status of sewage etc. Need of the Subproject Improvement in environment, health and hygiene etc. Briefing on subproject Suggested if noticed during construction, then should be objectives compensated as per RF Potential positive and Public notice to be circulated, construction should be negative impacts due to project completed in the given time, debris implementation and specific Shown their interest to pay tariff and full participation to measures taken for odour and motivate others noise control (montoring & Timely restoration of excavated site modelling, odour capture etc.) Prior meeting required before start of civil works were also explained to Adequate provision for minimizing the Dust and Noise stakeholders. Pollution during construction and during operation phase specific measures taken for odour and noise control If impact on livelihood. (modelling, odour capture etc.). Inconvenience to public Prior information is required before start of the civil works Willingness to pay for STP and pumping stations The adverse effect of flowing More attention is required on safety as a supervisor is sewer into the open nallahs of required to observe and enforce safety measures city. For Safety of Local traffic and pedestrian in Built-up Zone, Connection of existing toilets fencing should be provided. with the sewer line will be a They were contented with the provisions of project and said basic problem for the residents they are looking forward for the same
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
S.N. Location Participants (M/F) Topic Discussed Issues Raised and Key Mitigation Measures 3 Near Local Residents Current status of sewage, Shown their willingness to support / agreed to take the Proposed (Female-6 and Need of the Subproject and subproject as some inhabitant defecate on the proposed Location of Male-8) objectives, STP site STP on The Sewerage Project Asked about methods for sewage treatment and what type 26thNovemb Background, Environmental, of technology is proposed. er 2017 Social, traffic safety issue and Improvement in environment, health and hygiene etc. benefit from the project were Operation and maintenance is covered under the explained to the residens & subproject and ensure community participation community people residing Assured full support during execution. near STP site. During excavation for dust and traffic management • The adverse effect of assurance given to local residents. flowing sewer into the open Excavated trench should be properly barricaded and nallahs of city. restore as soon as possible in & around STP area. • Connection of existing Shown their interest to pay tariff and full participation to toilets with the sewer line motivate others will be a basic problem for Prior information is required before start of the civil works in the residents the respective ward through public address system Potential positive and Adequate provision for minimizing the Dust and Noise negative impacts, and specific Pollution during construction and during operation phase measures taken for odour and specific measures taken for odour and noise control noise control (montoring & (modelling, odour capture etc.). modelling, odour capture etc.) Prior information is required before start of the civil works were also explained to for STP and PS stakeholders. More attention is required on safety as a supervisor is required to observe and enforce safety measures Willingness to pay For Safety of Local traffic and pedestrian in Built-up Zone, fencing should be provided. They were contented with the provisions of project and said they are looking forward for the same.
4 Consultation Local Inhabitants Current status of sewage, Enquired about proposed land for subproject component with (Female-0 and Need of the Subproject and Agreed with proposed site of STP and SPS Prominent Male-20) objectives, Asked about methods for sewage treatment and what type Person, Potential positive and of technology is proposed. Shopkeepers negative impacts, Shown their willingness to support / agreed to take the and Ward Willingness to pay subproject. 212
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
S.N. Location Participants (M/F) Topic Discussed Issues Raised and Key Mitigation Measures Parshads of Possible interruption in commercial activity, breakage of town other utility line, safety for pedestrian etc. Sanwad at Asked how to mitigate the impact on business activities the during execution residence of Suggested that civil works should be done either during Social night or weekly off day in the main market namely MG road worker on Improvement in environment, health and hygiene etc. 01st Operation and maintenance is covered under the December subproject and ensure community participation 2017 Assured full support during execution. During excavation for dust and traffic management assurance given to the business community Shown their interest to pay tariff and full participation to motivate others Prior information is required before start of the civil works in the respective ward
5 Near Local Residents Current status of sewage, Shown their willingness to support / agreed to take the Proposed Need of the Subproject and Asked about methods for sewage treatment and what type Location of objectives, of technology is proposed. IPS-2 on Potential positive and Improvement in environment, health and hygiene etc. 29thNovemb negative impacts, Operation and maintenance is covered under the er 2017 Willingness to pay subproject and ensure community participation Assured full support during execution. Excavated trench should be properly barricaded and restore as soon as possible in market area. Shown their interest to pay tariff and full participation to motivate others Prior information is required before start of the civil works in the respective ward through public address system Near Local Residents Current status of sewage, Shown their willingness to support / agreed to take the Proposed Need of the Subproject and Shown their interest to pay tariff and full participation to Location of objectives, motivate others IPS-1 on Potential positive and Prior information is required before start of the civil works in 213
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
S.N. Location Participants (M/F) Topic Discussed Issues Raised and Key Mitigation Measures 7thDecember negative impacts, the respective ward through public address system 2017 Willingness to pay Assured full support during execution. 6 Near Local resident The Project Background, People welcomed the project. Shown their willingness to Proposed residing nearby Environmental, Social, traffic support / agreed to take the subproject Location of STP site safety issue and benefit from the Shown their interest to pay tariff and full participation to STP on project were explained to the motivate others 28thMarch Stakeholders. Prior information is required before start of the civil works in 2018 Current status of sewage, the respective ward through public address system Need of the Subproject and Availability of government land for subproject components objectives, Role and responsibility of municipality, Sanawad Potential positive and negative Improvement in environment, health and hygiene etc. of the impacts, and specific measures town taken for odour and noise control (montoring & modelling, odour Operation and maintenance is covered under the capture etc.) were also explained subproject and ensure community participation to stakeholders. Assured full support during execution. Willingness to pay Excavated portions will be dangerous for children The adverse effect of flowing especially during night. sewer into the open nallahs of Peoples also demanded for proper traffic signage for speed city. limits for minimizing the accident The adverse effect of dumping of Barricading of excavated portions will be done Solid waste in habitation area. Danger signals will be used Connection of existing toilets with Sprinkling of water will be done to minimize Dust Pollution the sewer line will be a basic Measures to reduce noise pollution will be taken problem for the residents. The concerns of the people were noted and measures and Lacks of community toilets in safeguards have been included in EMP. People were also slums residing near proposed informed about the possible safeguards STP site and the problem of open Adequate provision for minimizing the Dust and Noise defecation faced by women Pollution during construction and during operation phase specific measures taken for odour and noise control (modelling, odour capture etc.). More attention is required on safety as a supervisor is required to observe and enforce safety measures For Safety of Local traffic and pedestrian in Built-up Zone, fencing should be provided. They were contented with the provisions of project and said they are looking forward for the same 214
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Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 14:Consultation with Ward Parshad, municipality Sanawad (Photographs and List of Participants)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Consultation with Municipality Staff Sanawad (Photographs and List of Participants)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 15: Consultation with Residents residing near Proposed Location of STP at Sanawad
(Photographs and List of Participants)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix16: Consultation with Prominent Person, Shopkeepers and Ward Parshads of town Sanwad at the residence of Social worker (Photographs and List of Participants)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 17D: Photographs of on the spot Consultation at IPS-2
Local residents at Khargone road near proposed IPS 2
Appendix 18: Photographs of on the spot Consultation at IPS-1
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 19:Press Release about meeting with Ward Parshads on proposed subproject sewerage in the leading newspaper namely Rajasthan Patrika and Dainik Bhaskar
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 20: Surface Water Quality Results (Sanwad Town)
Nala Water Quality Results Before mixing with Bakud River
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Bakud River Water Quality Results of Sample collected at U/S & D/S of the River During the month of February- 2015
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 21: Anticipated Environmental Impacts on Proposed Components (IPS-1, IPS-2 & STP) and Its Mitigation Measures
S. Proposed Type of impact Mitigation Measures No. Components
1. Proposed Site • As per EARF STP should be located at • Proposed STP site is landfill site STP at least 500 m from the habitation (future located in old trenching ground in development of area shall be considered, Sanawad(Near ward no. 3. The height of landfill is and site shall be selected in areas with Maurya Nala in about 4m to 5m from road level. It is least development potential as far as Ward No.3 on eyesore point of the city. possible). Indore - Khandwa • This site is located in between • But no Govt. land available for proposed Road railway track and NH-27 (Indore- STP except new landfill site which is not Khandwa road). Although, inhabited feasible. area is also reported on both side. • The proposed site was earlier landfill site • HFL is above 3m from road level and not presently in use as a new landfill • Mourya Nalla is located on the site has also in function since 2015. southern side of proposed STP site. • As compare to the present condition The existing nala are not in good and . After conditions. Due to disposal of solid ‘without project’ ‘with project’ Implementation the project will improve the waste resulted in clogging and over-all aesthetic appearance of blockage of the nala. Nala is fully surrounding environment, health condition silted. of the townas the area will be free from • A railway line is passing from open defection and water borne diseases proposed site at a distance of 50m will be reduced, so people should spend (not in function). less on healthcare and lose fewer working • Site is currently vacant land under days due to illness, so their economic possession of ULB status should also improve, as well as their • Site is covered with bushes and overall health. This should also improve the Acacia trees locally known as kikar environment of these areas, should deliver which is used for fire wood. major improvements in individual and • No Govt. land available for proposed community health and well- being. STP except new landfill site. • The solid waste quantity will be shifted to • Some inhabitant defecates on the new landfill site and it will be proposed as proposed STP site. Overall the BOQ item in cost estimate. sanitation system around proposed • Otherwise, without disturbance of existing STP site area is not in a healthy landfill site, the whole landfill will be state, showing deficient sanitation covered by layers of soil and after proper and hygiene system due to dumped compaction of soils in multi layers for solid waste (as earlier it is being landscaping of the site in harmony with used as landfill site), open defection surrounding environment to enhance the and silted, blocked& polluted Maurya attractiveness of STP site and surrounding Nala. area for better environment, which is the eyesore point of the city. It will be decided after proper soil investigation and details will be given during detailed design stage by DBO contractor. • A green buffer zone shall be provided with sufficient tree plantation in multi rows around STP, which will act as a barrier for
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
S. Proposed Type of impact Mitigation Measures No. Components noise & air pollution to local people from bad odor & insect nuisance due to operation of STP. This will act as a visual screen around the STP & surrounding area and will improve the aesthetic appearance of the surrounding environment. • Providing proper boundary for the site, especially high compound wall towards Residential area • The proposed structures will be constructed with good ground support for foundation of structures through pile foundation, structures will be raised on column above HFL to avoid pollution of floodwaters, loss of biological treatment cultures and flood damage to infrastructures and to minimize the earthworks and associated construction costs. • providingproper drainage system in and around the proposed site for proper draining out of water during monsoon and due to operation of STP. • A good design contemplates provision for landscaping and aesthetic of the structures, building and surrounding environment to be provided in the premises. Landscaping improves the image of utility & surrounding environment as normally landfill site and STP are perceived as places of stink and odor. • As maurya nalla is located very close to proposed site, so rehabilitation and desilting of existing Maurya nala needs to be considered during implementation phase. • Tree cutting will be required during implementation phase, however, the DBO contractor during the implementation phase ensure avoiding the cutting of these trees. If unavoidable the trees will be cut following the relevant requirements of regulations and mitigated by planting three times of the number of trees cut.
2. Proposed IPS-1 • As per EARF SPS should be located at • The proposed IPS-1 site has been at Sanawad least 50 m away from the habitation identified on jawahar marg in the located in the • Providing a green buffer zone around the
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
S. Proposed Type of impact Mitigation Measures No. Components compound of compound of Bima hospital which is IPS1- at least a 5m strip of land around the Bima Hospital on currently abandoned. facility shall be planted with sufficient trees Jawahar Marg • Proposed site is currently vacant and in multi rows; which will act as a barrier for covered with bushes and trees and noise & air pollution to local people from away from habitation. bad odor & insect nuisance due to • Residential area is 50m-100m away operation of IPS. This will act as a visual from its premises, site is suitable for screen around the SPS and will improve pumping the aesthetic appearance of the facility • It will create bad odor and insect • Provide proper boundary for the site, nuisance to inhabitants due to especially high compound wall towards operation of SPS. Residential area • Site found as donated land for Bima • Tree cutting will be required. The DBO Hospital and under possession of contractor during the implementation phase Government of MP private land. ensure avoiding the cutting of these trees. If unavoidable the trees will be cut following the relevant requirements of regulations and mitigated by planting three times of the number of trees cut.
3. Proposed IPS-2 • Same as above • Proposed site has been identified on at Sanawad khargone road near chamar mohalla • Mandi is currently non-operational. It has located on adjacent to PWD rest house. Land been closed due to insufficiency of space. Khargone road in belongs to Kirshi Upaj Mandi, which • New land measuring 28 acres has been the compound of is currently vacant and barren land allotted for a larger ‘Mandi’ on Indore road. Kirshi Upaj Mandi and away from habitation and • Site is suitable and away from habitation. near Chamar suitable for pumping station. • No tree cutting will be required. Mohalla . • The proposed IPS-2 site is 50-100 m • Apart from that this area not comes under away from human settlement from its low lying area/flood prone area so, with premises. good ground support for foundation of • Site is currently vacant & barren structures will be raised above HFL to land. It is public land under Krishi avoid pollution of floodwaters and flood Upaj Mandi, Government of MP. damage to infrastructures and to minimize • Proposed site not comes under flood the earthworks and associated construction prone area/low lying area costs. • HFL is road level • There are no notable sensitive features.
Provide proper boundary for the site, especially high compound wall towards Residential areal
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Appendix 22: Wind Rose Diagram of Nearest IMD Station at Khandwa
Wind Speed/Direction- The wind speed and wind direction data recorded at IMD, Khandwa for pre monsoon season, Monsoon season, Post Monsoon season and Winter Season for the years 1990-1999 and the same is presented in the form of wind roses for morning and evening hours which are presented and shown in Figure-48 and Figure-48. It is discussed in detail in following paragraphs.
• 08:30 hours -The analysis of wind pattern shows that predominant wind direction is NE in the winter season and post monsoon season while in the pre monsoon and Monsoon season the predominant wind direction is W. However, the annual wind pattern shows that predominant wind direction is from West. Winds are blowing in the range of 6 to 11 km/h. Calm wind conditions are more in winter season.
• 17:30 hours - During evening hours, in winter season, the predominant wind direction is NE with speed ranging in between 6-11 km/h while in pre-monsoon season the winds are blowing with a speed of 12-19 km/h from WNW direction. In the monsoon season prevailing winds are from west direction followed by west direction with the velocity ranging from 12-19 km/hr. The annual wind pattern shows that predominant wind direction is from WNW. During Post monsoon season more calm conditions are prevailed at 1730 hours.
Figure 45: PRE MONSOON AND MONSOON SEASON WIND ROSE - IMD KHANDWA (1976-1991)
Initial Environmental Examination – Sanawad Sewerage Scheme (Package – 2H)
Figure 46: PRE MONSOON AND MONSOON SEASON WIND ROSE - IMD KHANDWA (1976-1991)
SOUTH ASIA REGIONAL DEPARTMENT SAFEGUARDS INFORMATION LOG FOR SAUW PROJECTS
Project: IND: Madhya Pradesh Urban Services Improvement Program Loan No.: 3528 Package No.: MPUSIP – 2H Sewerage System Improvement in Sanawad Town Components: (i) Sewer network – 49,442 m (100 – 400 mm diameter) (ii) Manholes – 1,950 no,s (iii) Sewage pumping main – 3,157 m (200-400 mm diameter) (iv) Sewage pumping stations – 2 no,s (v) Sewage treatment plant – 5.58 MLD capacity (SBR technology tentatively, will be finalized by DBO contractor) (vi) Outfall sewer - 16 m (250 mm diameter) (vii) House sewer connections – 8,224 no,s (viii) Septage collection - 1 Tractor mounted mobile tanker fitted with diesel pump and one jetting cum suction machine of capacity 8.0 KL with 140 HP motor and pump Contract Type: NCB Date of IEE: July 2018 Draft IEE Updated/Revised IEE Others This draft IEE has been prepared - This IEE will be updated during the based on preliminary design. detailed design phase. Implementation modality is design- build-operate (DBO) contract, and therefore detailed design will be carried out by the DBO contractor after the bidding process. It will be disclosed on ADB/MPUDC websites after approval of ADB.
Section Status Comments/Remarks (include date accomplished or obtained, if applicable) 1. Environmental Yes No MPUSIP Cat B project. IEE is assessment report √ required. Draft IEE was prepared (EIA/IEE/envi due during project preparation. diligence) has been prepared? Wind pattern data, including wind rose, collected from nearest meteorological station is presented in the report; site specific data is unavailable, and this is considered representative.
Action Required: Environmental assessment to be conducted based on detailed engineering design. The Final IEE based on detailed engineering design should include analysis of water availability and source sustainability. 2. EIA/IEE/envi due Yes No IEE is based on preliminary design. diligence based on √ Detailed design will be carried out project components and by the Contractor (DBO Contract) detailed engineering and IEE will be updated during design? detailed design. Section Status Comments/Remarks (include date accomplished or obtained, if applicable)
Action Required: The environmental assessment will be conducted based on detailed engineering design is completed. The Draft IEE to be finalized based on detailed engineering design and submitted to ADB for review and disclosure. 3. Statutory Requirements - Forest Clearance - No Objection Certificate √ Site Location Clearance STP site needs to be cleared by - Environmental Compliance MPPCB; site suitability will be Certificate reviewed by MPPCB as part of STP √ Permit to Construct (or consent issuance process equivalent) STP requires consent to establish √ Permit to Operate (or (CTE) and consent to operate equivalent) (CTO) from MPPCB - Others
- Others – Tree Cutting Exact number of trees to be cut is Permit not determined at this stage
Action Required: Include in the IEE: In the Final IEE, the following information will be included: (i) Exact number of tress to be cut should be reported in the Final IEE (ii) Contractor to obtain Tree Cutting Permit from the Forest Department Contractor allocate budget (amount INR- 100,000/=) for the tree compensation/replantation 5. Policy, legal, and Adequate Not Adequate administrative √ framework EIA/IEE/envi due diligence included discussion on: √ National regulation/law on EIA √ Environmental agency √ National, state, local laws, Action Required: The Final IEE rules and regulations and SEMP should provide specific related to environmental information on how the above laws, pollution, OHS, core labor rules and regulations will be standards, etc. followed by the contractor. Relevant international No discussion environmental agreements √ Environmental standards Applicable. though equivalent (IFC’s EHS Guidelines) environmental legislations (national and local) are adopted in Section Status Comments/Remarks (include date accomplished or obtained, if applicable) this subproject, it is clearly mentioned in the Draft IEE, that the PMU and PIU should adopt stringent measures as specified in the World Bank Group’s Environment, Health and Safety Guidelines.
Action Required: The Final IEE and SEMP should provide specific information on how DBO contractor (i) applies pollution prevention and control technologies and practices consistent with international good practices as reflected in internationally recognized standards such as the World Bank Group’s Environmental, Health and Safety Guidelines and (ii) adopts cleaner production processes and good energy efficiency practices. If less stringent levels or measures are appropriate in view of specific project circumstances, the DBO contractor will provide full and detailed justification for any proposed alternatives that are consistent with the requirements presented in ADB SPS. 6. Anticipated EIA/IEE/envi due Mitigation environmental impacts diligence measures and mitigation measures satisfactorily provided? discussed impacts Yes No and risks on: √ Biodiversity n/a Endangered species and habitats conservation not present in subproject area. Pollution √ Sewage treatment plant of √ prevention and adequate capacity and treatment abatement process to treat the sewage to disposal standards is included in the project; issues related to odour also considered.
Action Required: In the Final IEE strengthen the discussion on: (i) estimates of the expected volume of pollution, based on relevant factors such as increase in population, increase in water supply etc. Confirm that the capacity for wastewater treatment is adequate for the present and projected demand; (ii) include a Section Status Comments/Remarks (include date accomplished or obtained, if applicable) description of wastewater load, sources, quantity, volume of sewage, greywater, blackwater; and (iii) a simple illustration of where the wastewater is discharged before and after the project, and the analysis of the pollution load that goes into the Narmada river, and other water bodies, before and after the project, and the sampling baseline water quality (upstream/downstream of discharge points) and sampling after the project.
Please include mitigation measures on: i. water conservation measures (minimize volume of wastewater) ii. solid waste management measures (lessen or stop discharge of solid waste into the water bodies) iii. social preparation of people on stopping the practice of disposing wastewater into open areas
Action Required: On consultation and participation, ensure that communities along the sewer pipeline ROW are consulted √ Health and √ The Draft IEE and EMP includes safety mitigation measures and requirements to be followed by DBO contractor.
Action Required: The Final IEE and SEMP should provide specific information on (i) how DBO contractor will implement occupational health and safety; (ii) DBO contractor to confirm appointment/delegation of Site Health and Safety Officer; and (iii) include DBO contractor’s Healthy and Safety Plan. Physical n/a Not applicable. There are no cultural places of archeological / historical resources importance or protected (PCR) monuments Section Status Comments/Remarks (include date accomplished or obtained, if applicable) X Cumulative Not applicable. The subproject will impacts not add any incremental impacts to the environment. X Transboundary Not applicable. subproject is impacts small-scale, site-specific and short in duration to have potential transboundary impacts 7. Impacts from Associated Addressed Not Not There are no existing / associated Facilities Addressed applicabl facilities e √ 8. Analysis of Alternatives Yes No Not required for Cat B and no need √ to include in IEE.
9. EMP budget included Yes No Included in provisional sums of the √ contract.
Action Required: The Final IEE and SEMP should provide specific information on actual budget of DBO contractor on SEMP implementation and environmental monitoring. 10 EMP implementation Yes No (i) MPUSIP Phase 1 Project . integrated in PAM, and in √ Administration Manual (PAM) bid and contract includes sections on documents environmental safeguards. Information in the PAM has been referred in the preparation of the Draft IEE. This PAM will most likely be followed in MPUSIP Phase 2. (ii) MPUSIP Phase 1 EARF also provides detailed requirements on EMP implementation and necessary formats. These are included in the Draft IEE. This EARF will most likely be followed in MPUSIP Phase 2. (iii) Bid document mentions that IEE and EMP forms part of the bid document. Action Required: IEE and EMP to be provided to contractor after contract award. This will be confirmed by PMU in the environmental monitoring report to be submitted to ADB on a semi- annual basis. 11 Consultation and Yes No Included in IEE. . Participation √ Action Required: The PIU and DBO Contractor will continue Section Status Comments/Remarks (include date accomplished or obtained, if applicable) meaningful consultations and information disclosure during detailed design, construction and O&M stages. DBO Contractor will include records of consultations, issues/concerns, attendance sheets, and resolutions to the progress report to be submitted to PIU. This will be included by PMU in the environmental monitoring report to be submitted to ADB on a semi-annual basis.
In the Final IEE please ensure that consultations are made with sensitive receptors along the sewer ROW. 12 Grievance Redress Yes No GRM established in MPUSIP . Mechanism √ Phase 1 will be followed in MPUSIP Phase 2 therefore applicable to this subproject/package.
Action Required: PIUs will establish GRM and with the help of DBO Contractor, will disseminate information on GRM during implementation. GRM Notification will be included by PMU in the environmental monitoring report to be submitted to ADB on a semi- annual basis. Description of GRM Included in IEE. GRM established in MPUSIP Phase 1 will be followed in MPUSIP Phase 2 therefore applicable to this subproject/package. Identification of GRC members Included in IEE. GRM established in MPUSIP Phase 1 will be followed in MPUSIP Phase 2 therefore applicable to this subproject/package.
Action Required: GRC composition will be included by PMU in the environmental monitoring report to be submitted to ADB on a semi-annual basis. 13 Disclosure Endorsement to disclose on ADB Pending. This will be requested . website when the IEE has been cleared by ADB. Disclosed on project website Pending. This will be requested when the IEE has been cleared by ADB. Section Status Comments/Remarks (include date accomplished or obtained, if applicable) Relevant information available to Pending. This will be requested stakeholders and affected people when the IEE has been cleared by in language and form they ADB. understand 14 Mobilized PMU Yes No Mobilized . Environment Specialist √ Name: Tina Sisodiya 15 Mobilized PIU Yes No An Assistant Project Manager . Environment Specialist √ (APM) in PIU is coordinating on safeguards at PIU level Action required: APM to be formally notified (by office order or appropriately) as Safeguards Officer, PIU 16 Mobilized PMC Yes No Mobilized . Environment Specialist √ at PMU level Name: Md. Qamruzzaman 17 Mobilized PMC √ Action required: PIU level Environment Engineer at environmental Engineer to be PIU level mobilized immediately 17 Confirm bid and contract Yes No IEE / EMP includes EHS supervisor . documents and/or EMP √ requirement include requirement for Bid specifically does not include the contractor to appoint EHS supervisor requirement, but EHS supervisor and/or EMP is part of the bid, which clearly nodal person for specifies EHS supervisor environmental requirement. safeguards Action Required: After award of contract and upon mobilization, the DBO Contractor will appoint an EHS Supervisor. PIU to confirm qualifications of EHS supervisor to implement health and safety requirements in the SEMP. This will be included by PMU in the environmental monitoring report to be submitted to ADB on a semi- annual basis. 18 If contract awarded Yes No Contract not awarded . already, confirm √ contractor’s appointment of EHS supervisor and/or nodal person for environmental safeguards 19 Awareness training on Yes No To be conducted after award of . compliance to safeguard √ contract. The Draft IEE includes an requirements indicative training program schedule.
Action Required: The DBO Contractor will be provided with Safeguards Induction to discuss Section Status Comments/Remarks (include date accomplished or obtained, if applicable) applicable environmental safeguards requirements. The environmental safeguards training/ workshop will be conducted by the environmental officers of PMU/PIU and their consultants. GRC members will be provided with workshops and training so they will be able to address project-related complaints/grievances. This will be included by PMU in the environmental monitoring report to be submitted to ADB on a semi- annual basis. 20 Monitoring and Yes No . Reporting √ Sample monitoring checklists are included in the Draft IEE.
Action Required: The Final IEE and SEMP will include more detailed checklists such (i) contractors daily EHS Checklist; (ii) contractors monthly SEMP Implementation Report; and (iii) PIU environmental safeguards compliance report. 21 Others/Remarks IEE report cleared by ADB. .
As this IEE is based on preliminary design, kindly ensure to submit the Final IEE based on detailed design and site-specific EMP (SEMP). No works should commence until the SEMP is submitted by the contractor, the Final IEE has been cleared by ADB, and satisfactorily meet the requirements of Government of India laws, rules and regulations.
In addition, PMU to:
- Instruct PMC to immediately appoint the PIU-level environmental safeguards consultant - Obtain the CTE from MPSPCB prior to start of STP construction - Confirm contractor’s resources and budget to implement the EMP mitigation measures and monitoring activities - Disclose the IEE on project website (PMU and PIU). If project website is not available, the summary of the draft IEE should be posted in public notice boards. - Disclose to stakeholders and affected people in a timely manner in language/form they understand. - Conduct continuous meaningful consultations including information dissemination on project-GRM during detailed engineering design, construction and if required, until O&M. - submit to ADB the final IEE together with DBO contractor’s SEMP/s for review and disclosure. The final IEE should include Section Status Comments/Remarks (include date accomplished or obtained, if applicable) detailed information on how the SAUW IEE log sheet’s further actions are conducted/met. - Require DBO contractor regular submission to PMU and PIU the SEMP/s upon completion of the detailed engineering design.
Prepared by: Achyuth Aleti, ADB Environment Consultant Tina Sisodia, PMU Environment Officer
Noted and Checked By: Ninette Pajarillaga, ADB SAUW Environment Specialist (15 Jan 2019)
Documents/References: IEE submitted by P.L.Barange, Project Officer, MPUDC safeguardmpudc