The Iran-Iraq War - Chapter XIV 05/01/90 Page XIV - 1
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The Cold War Conception of Nuclear Reality: Mobilizing the American Imagination for Nuclear War in the 1950'S
International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society, VoL 6, No. 3, 1993 The Cold War Conception of Nuclear Reality: Mobilizing the American Imagination for Nuclear War in the 1950's Guy Oakes THE CONSTRUCTION OF NUCLEAR REALITY During World War II, the United States was not occupied like Europe, invaded like the Soviet Union, or bombed like Great Britain. Nor was there any plausible suggestion that the home front might be subjected to any of these acts of war. As a result, it has been said that Americans were obliged to fight the war at a distance and "on imagination alone. ''1 Within months of V-J day, civil defense strategists began to make plans to mobilize the American public for World War III. By the late 1940's, these plans included preparations for a Soviet nuclear strike against the United States. Thus Cold War civil defense planning posed the much more daunt- ing problem of fighting an imaginary war. By 1950, the American foreign policy objective of containing what was perceived to be an otherwise irresistible expansion of Soviet power was tied to the strategy of nuclear deterrence. If the Soviets threatened war, the United States would guarantee the peace, if necessary by nuclear re- taliation. As students of the early Cold War have stressed for some years, this strategy rested on domestic presuppositions. It was necessary to mo- bilize the American home front in order to sustain what President Kennedy later called "a long twilight struggle" in support of a new conception of national security. In the nuclear age, the project of securing American na- tional interests would be interminable in principle, unprecedentedly expensive, and uniquely dangerous. -
Future War: an Assessment of Aerospace Campaigns in 2010
Future War An Assessment of Aerospace Campaigns in 2010 JEFFERY R. B ARNETT Air University Press Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama January 1996 Li brary of Con gress Cataloging- in- Publication Data Barnett, Jeffery R., 1950– Future war : an assess ment of aerospace campaigns in 2010 / Jeffery R. Barnett . p. cm. Includes biblio graphi cal refer ences and index . 1. Air warfare—Fore cast ing. 2. Twenty-first century—Fore casts. I. Title . UG632.B37 1996 358.4′009′0501—dc20 95-54022 CIP Dis claimer This publication was produced in the Department of Defense school environment in the interest of academic freedom and the advancement of national defense-related concepts. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or pos ition of the Department of Defense or the United States government. This publication has been reviewed by security and policy authorities and is cleared for public release. ii This project would have been impossible without the support and advice of my wife, former Captain Katherine Hoyland Barnett, USAF. THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Contents Chapter Page DISCLAIMER ............................. ii FOREWORD .............................. ix ABOUT THE AUTHOR ....................... xi PREFACE ................................ xiii Notes .................................. xiv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS...................... xv INTRODUCTION . xvii 1 OVERARCHING CONCEPTS .................. 1 Information War. 2 Parallel War ............................. 8 Revolution in Military -
Jag News Overbrook
Overbrook Jag News Educational Center Week of December 14, 2020 From Ms. Foote…. I hope everyone had a peaceful weekend. COVID-19 cases are on the rise. Please stay safe and reach out if you need anything. It is a scary and challenging time for all. We are surviving a pandemic together so know we are here for you. As we enter the second week of December, I extend my thanks to all our parents who attended Tuesday’s open zoom again! Special thanks to ALL for attending our wonderful Student of the Month celebration, too! Hang in there. Keep going. Here are some useful tips on stress management during the holidays: Tips for Stress Management Reminder: expect to see interim reports posted and available for review during the week of December 21st for Quarter 2. Thank you to all for your partnership and do not hesitate to reach out with any questions or concerns. Sending everyone light and love always. Cell: 610.731.6039 and Email: [email protected] New News Tech Update Since September, 2020 78 students at OEC have received a NEW computer from a staff member at OEC. We have limited NEW computers to distribute. If you have a tech issue and have received a NEW computer from Ms. Foote or a staff member, please see the open tech support centers where broken chromebooks can be taken for repair at the times and locations listed to the right. Family Cafés DECEMBER DATES: THURS 12/17 @ 12:00 PM Parents and family members have indicated a need to connect. -
United States Navy and World War I: 1914–1922
Cover: During World War I, convoys carried almost two million men to Europe. In this 1920 oil painting “A Fast Convoy” by Burnell Poole, the destroyer USS Allen (DD-66) is shown escorting USS Leviathan (SP-1326). Throughout the course of the war, Leviathan transported more than 98,000 troops. Naval History and Heritage Command 1 United States Navy and World War I: 1914–1922 Frank A. Blazich Jr., PhD Naval History and Heritage Command Introduction This document is intended to provide readers with a chronological progression of the activities of the United States Navy and its involvement with World War I as an outside observer, active participant, and victor engaged in the war’s lingering effects in the postwar period. The document is not a comprehensive timeline of every action, policy decision, or ship movement. What is provided is a glimpse into how the 20th century’s first global conflict influenced the Navy and its evolution throughout the conflict and the immediate aftermath. The source base is predominately composed of the published records of the Navy and the primary materials gathered under the supervision of Captain Dudley Knox in the Historical Section in the Office of Naval Records and Library. A thorough chronology remains to be written on the Navy’s actions in regard to World War I. The nationality of all vessels, unless otherwise listed, is the United States. All errors and omissions are solely those of the author. Table of Contents 1914..................................................................................................................................................1 -
“Bicentennial Speeches (2)” of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R
The original documents are located in Box 2, folder “Bicentennial Speeches (2)” of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Ron Nessen donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 2 of The Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON June 28, 1976 MEMORANDUM FOR ROBERT ORBEN VIA: GWEN ANDERSON FROM: CHARLES MC CALL SUBJECT: PRE-ADVANCE REPORT ON THE PRESIDENT'S ADDRESS AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES Attached is some background information regarding the speech the President will make on July 2, 1976 at the National Archives. ***************************************************************** TAB A The Event and the Site TAB B Statement by President Truman dedicating the Shrine for the Delcaration, Constitution, and Bill of Rights, December 15, 1952. r' / ' ' ' • THE WHITE HOUSE WASHINGTON June 28, 1976 MEMORANDUM FOR BOB ORBEN VIA: GWEN ANDERSON FROM: CHARLES MC CALL SUBJECT: NATIONAL ARCHIVES ADDENDUM Since the pre-advance visit to the National Archives, the arrangements have been changed so that the principal speakers will make their addresses inside the building . -
An International Armed Conflict of Low Intensity
THE WAR REPORT THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN: AN INTERNATIONAL ARMED CONFLICT OF LOW INTENSITY Aeria view of the Persian Gulf, © NASA DECEMBER 2019 I MILOŠ HRNJAZ THE GENEVA ACADEMY A JOINT CENTER OF Iranian Prime Minister, Mohammed Mosaddeq, pushed CLASSIFICATION OF THE CONFLICT for nationalization of the oil fields and the Shah signed The United States of America and the Islamic Republic of this decision. The response of the British was harsh as they Iran were engaged in an international armed conflict (IAC) saw oil from Iran as a strategic interest. Both Iranians and in June 2019 by virtue of Iran’s shooting down a US military the British expected the support of the US. The Americans drone and the alleged counter cyber-attack by the US. pushed Britain to cancel plans for a military invasion, so the British decided to look for alternative ways to overthrow Mosaddeq. The new US administration wasn’t impressed HISTORY OF THE CONFLICT with Mosaddeq either (especially his flirting with the USSR and the communist Tudeh Party of Iran), so it decided to BACKGROUND actively participate in his overthrow and arrest. This was It has been more than 160 years since the first Treaty perceived by Iranians as the ultimate betrayal by America of Friendship and Commerce was signed between Iran and the event played an important role in the development and the US, exactly 140 years since the first US warship of Iranian political identity and anti-Americanism since entered the Persian Gulf and almost 140 years since Iran then.5 Mosadeqq became the brave figure who represented (Persia) and the US established diplomatic relations.1 Since the fight for independent Iran, free from the influence of then, their relationship has oscillated between cooperation the West. -
PDF Download Yeah Baby!
YEAH BABY! PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Jillian Michaels | 304 pages | 28 Nov 2016 | Rodale Press Inc. | 9781623368036 | English | Emmaus, United States Yeah Baby! PDF Book Writers: Donald P. He was great through out this season. Delivers the right impression from the moment the guest arrives. One of these was Austin's speech to Dr. All Episodes Back to School Picks. The trilogy has gentle humor, slapstick, and so many inside jokes it's hard to keep track. Don't want to miss out? You should always supervise your child in the highchair and do not leave them unattended. Like all our highchair accessories, it was designed with functionality and aesthetics in mind. Bamboo Adjustable Highchair Footrest Our adjustable highchair footrests provide an option for people who love the inexpensive and minimal IKEA highchair but also want to give their babies the foot support they need. FDA-grade silicone placemat fits perfectly inside the tray and makes clean-up a breeze. Edit page. Scott Gemmill. Visit our What to Watch page. Evil delivers about his father, the entire speech is downright funny. Perfect for estheticians and therapists - as the accent piping, flattering for all design and adjustable back belt deliver a five star look that will make the staff feel and However, footrests inherently make it easier for your child to push themselves up out of their seat. Looking for something to watch? Plot Keywords. Yeah Baby! Writer Subscribe to Wethrift's email alerts for Yeah Baby Goods and we will send you an email notification every time we discover a new discount code. -
Uae Visa & Border Pass Requirements
UAE VISA & BORDER PASS REQUIREMENTS Arrival at Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE) Some visitors entering the UAE require an entry visa that needs to be arranged prior to arrival, with the exception of certain nationalities, which are: Andorra; Australia; Austria; Belgium; Brunei; Bulgaria; Canada; China; Croatia; Cyprus; Czech Republic; Denmark; Estonia; Finland; France; GCC countries; Germany; Greece; Holland; Hong Kong; Hungary: Iceland; Ireland; Italy; Japan; Latvia; Lithuania; Liechtenstein; Luxembourg; Malaysia; Malta; Monaco; Netherlands; New Zealand; Norway; Poland; Portugal; Romania; San Marino; Singapore; Slovenia, Slovakia, South Korea; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; UK; USA; Vatican City. Any of the above nationalities can procure your visa upon arrival from immigration. If you do not fall into one of the above nationalities, you will require a visa and a sponsor for your visit. Please be advised No Oman visa is required to visit Zighy Bay; you can visit on your UAE Tourist Visa. The Tourist Visa entitles its holder up to a 15 or 30-day stay and is non-renewable. You can arrange this Tourist Visa through your local UAE Consulate or Embassy. If you would like us to arrange your Tourist Visa, our colleagues at South Travels will be happy to assist. They will require: • Completed visa form • Copy of first and last page of your passport • Passport size photograph. • Tourist Visa processing charges: for up to 15 days is USD 150 per person; for up to 30-days is USD 232 per person Minimum of 7 (seven) working days are necessary for visa processing. An electronic visa will be provided via email; please print for provision at immigration upon arrival to Dubai International Airport. -
Tectonics of the Musandam Peninsula and Northern Oman Mountains: from Ophiolite Obduction to Continental Collision
GeoArabia, 2014, v. 19, no. 2, p. 135-174 Gulf PetroLink, Bahrain Tectonics of the Musandam Peninsula and northern Oman Mountains: From ophiolite obduction to continental collision Michael P. Searle, Alan G. Cherry, Mohammed Y. Ali and David J.W. Cooper ABSTRACT The tectonics of the Musandam Peninsula in northern Oman shows a transition between the Late Cretaceous ophiolite emplacement related tectonics recorded along the Oman Mountains and Dibba Zone to the SE and the Late Cenozoic continent-continent collision tectonics along the Zagros Mountains in Iran to the northwest. Three stages in the continental collision process have been recognized. Stage one involves the emplacement of the Semail Ophiolite from NE to SW onto the Mid-Permian–Mesozoic passive continental margin of Arabia. The Semail Ophiolite shows a lower ocean ridge axis suite of gabbros, tonalites, trondhjemites and lavas (Geotimes V1 unit) dated by U-Pb zircon between 96.4–95.4 Ma overlain by a post-ridge suite including island-arc related volcanics including boninites formed between 95.4–94.7 Ma (Lasail, V2 unit). The ophiolite obduction process began at 96 Ma with subduction of Triassic–Jurassic oceanic crust to depths of > 40 km to form the amphibolite/granulite facies metamorphic sole along an ENE- dipping subduction zone. U-Pb ages of partial melts in the sole amphibolites (95.6– 94.5 Ma) overlap precisely in age with the ophiolite crustal sequence, implying that subduction was occurring at the same time as the ophiolite was forming. The ophiolite, together with the underlying Haybi and Hawasina thrust sheets, were thrust southwest on top of the Permian–Mesozoic shelf carbonate sequence during the Late Cenomanian–Campanian. -
CRUISE MISSILE THREAT Volume 2: Emerging Cruise Missile Threat
By Systems Assessment Group NDIA Strike, Land Attack and Air Defense Committee August 1999 FEASIBILITY OF THIRD WORLD ADVANCED BALLISTIC AND CRUISE MISSILE THREAT Volume 2: Emerging Cruise Missile Threat The Systems Assessment Group of the National Defense Industrial Association ( NDIA) Strike, Land Attack and Air Defense Committee performed this study as a continuing examination of feasible Third World missile threats. Volume 1 provided an assessment of the feasibility of the long range ballistic missile threats (released by NDIA in October 1998). Volume 2 uses aerospace industry judgments and experience to assess Third World cruise missile acquisition and development that is “emerging” as a real capability now. The analyses performed by industry under the broad title of “Feasibility of Third World Advanced Ballistic & Cruise Missile Threat” incorporate information only from unclassified sources. Commercial GPS navigation instruments, compact avionics, flight programming software, and powerful, light-weight jet propulsion systems provide the tools needed for a Third World country to upgrade short-range anti-ship cruise missiles or to produce new land-attack cruise missiles (LACMs) today. This study focuses on the question of feasibility of likely production methods rather than relying on traditional intelligence based primarily upon observed data. Published evidence of technology and weapons exports bears witness to the failure of international agreements to curtail cruise missile proliferation. The study recognizes the role LACMs developed by Third World countries will play in conjunction with other new weapons, for regional force projection. LACMs are an “emerging” threat with immediate and dire implications for U.S. freedom of action in many regions . -
Before the Emirates: an Archaeological and Historical Account of Developments in the Region C
Before the Emirates: an Archaeological and Historical Account of Developments in the Region c. 5000 BC to 676 AD D.T. Potts Introduction In a little more than 40 years the territory of the former Trucial States and modern United Arab Emirates (UAE) has gone from being a blank on the archaeological map of Western Asia to being one of the most intensively studied regions in the entire area. The present chapter seeks to synthesize the data currently available which shed light on the lifestyles, industries and foreign relations of the earliest inhabitants of the UAE. Climate and Environment Within the confines of a relatively narrow area, the UAE straddles five different topographic zones. Moving from west to east, these are (1) the sandy Gulf coast and its intermittent sabkha; (2) the desert foreland; (3) the gravel plains of the interior; (4) the Hajar mountain range; and (5) the eastern mountain piedmont and coastal plain which represents the northern extension of the Batinah of Oman. Each of these zones is characterized by a wide range of exploitable natural resources (Table 1) capable of sustaining human groups practising a variety of different subsistence strategies, such as hunting, horticulture, agriculture and pastoralism. Tables 2–6 summarize the chronological distribution of those terrestrial faunal, avifaunal, floral, marine, and molluscan species which we know to have been exploited in antiquity, based on the study of faunal and botanical remains from excavated archaeological sites in the UAE. Unfortunately, at the time of writing the number of sites from which the inventories of faunal and botanical remains have been published remains minimal. -
Iranian Support for Terrorism
OUTLAW REGIME: A CHRONICLE OF IRAN’S DESTRUCTIVE ACTIVITIES Iran Action Group U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE “America will not be held hostage to nuclear blackmail.” PRESIDENT DONALD J. TRUMP, MAY 2018 In recognition of the increasing menace posed by the Iranian regime, President Trump announced a new strategy to address the full range of the regime’s destructive actions. OUTLAW REGIME: A CHRONICLE OF IRAN’S DESTRUCTIVE ACTIVITIES A Letter From Executive Chapter One: 4 Secretary of State 6 Summary 8 Iran’s Support Michael R. Pompeo for Terrorism 18 Chapter Two: 22 Chapter Three: 26 Chapter Four: Iran’s Missile Illicit Financial Iran’s Threat to Program Activities in Iran Maritime Security Chapter Five: Chapter Six: Chapter Seven: 30 Iran’s Threat to 34 Human Rights 40 Environmental Cybersecurity Abuses in Iran Exploitation AP PHOTO OUTLAW REGIME: A CHRONICLE OF IRAN’S DESTRUCTIVE ACTIVITIES | 3 A LETTER FROM U.S. SECRETARY OF STATE MICHAEL R. POMPEO I am pleased to release the State Department’s new report detailing the scope of the Iranian regime’s destructive behavior at home and abroad on the eve of the Islamic Revolution’s 40th anniversary. On May 8, 2018, President Donald J. Trump announced his decision to cease U.S. participation in the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), commonly referred to as the Iran deal. The Iran deal was proving to be a failed strategic bet that fell short of protecting the American people or our allies from the potential of an Iranian nuclear weapon. The futility of entrusting our long term security to an agreement that will quickly expire was underscored by the recent bombshell that Iran had secretly preserved its past nuclear weapons research after the implementation of the JCPOA.