These Disks Contain My Version of Paul Spade's Expository Text and His Translated Texts
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Medieval Western Philosophy: the European Emergence
Cultural Heritage and Contemporary Change Series I, Culture and Values, Volume 9 History of Western Philosophy by George F. McLean and Patrick J. Aspell Medieval Western Philosophy: The European Emergence By Patrick J. Aspell The Council for Research in Values and Philosophy 1 Copyright © 1999 by The Council for Research in Values and Philosophy Gibbons Hall B-20 620 Michigan Avenue, NE Washington, D.C. 20064 All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Aspell, Patrick, J. Medieval western philosophy: the European emergence / Patrick J. Aspell. p.cm. — (Cultural heritage and contemporary change. Series I. Culture and values ; vol. 9) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Philosophy, Medieval. I. Title. III. Series. B721.A87 1997 97-20069 320.9171’7’090495—dc21 CIP ISBN 1-56518-094-1 (pbk.) 2 Table of Contents Chronology of Events and Persons Significant in and beyond the History of Medieval Europe Preface xiii Part One: The Origins of Medieval Philosophy 1 Chapter I. Augustine: The Lover of Truth 5 Chapter II. Universals According to Boethius, Peter Abelard, and Other Dialecticians 57 Chapter III. Christian Neoplatoists: John Scotus Erigena and Anselm of Canterbury 73 Part Two: The Maturity of Medieval Philosophy Chronology 97 Chapter IV. Bonaventure: Philosopher of the Exemplar 101 Chapter V. Thomas Aquinas: Philosopher of the Existential Act 155 Part Three: Critical Reflection And Reconstruction 237 Chapter VI. John Duns Scotus: Metaphysician of Essence 243 Chapter -
The Problem of Evil in Augustine's Confessions
University of South Florida Scholar Commons Graduate Theses and Dissertations Graduate School 2011 The rP oblem of Evil in Augustine's Confessions Edward Matusek University of South Florida, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd Part of the American Studies Commons, and the Philosophy Commons Scholar Commons Citation Matusek, Edward, "The rP oblem of Evil in Augustine's Confessions" (2011). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3733 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Problem of Evil in Augustine’s Confessions by Edward A. Matusek A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Philosophy College of Arts and Sciences University of South Florida Major Professor: Thomas Williams, Ph.D. Roger Ariew, Ph.D. Joanne Waugh, Ph.D. Charles B. Guignon, Ph.D. Date of Approval: November 14, 2011 Keywords: theodicy, privation, metaphysical evil, Manichaeism, Neo-Platonism Copyright © 2011, Edward A. Matusek i TABLE OF CONTENTS Abstract iii Chapter One: Introduction to Augustine’s Confessions and the Present Study 1 Purpose and Background of the Study 2 Literary and Historical Considerations of Confessions 4 Relevance of the Study for Various -
Filosofia De Escoto.Pdf
THE NELSON PHILOSOPHICAL TEXTS General Editor Raymond Klibansky Frothingham Professor of Logic and Metaphysics McGill University Honorary Fellow of the Warburg Institute University of London Nihil obstat: Roy Effler, o.f.m. Censor Deputatus Imprimi potest: Eligius Weir, o.f.m. Minister Provincialis Nihil obstat: Philotheus Boehner, o.f.m. Censor Deputatus Imprimatur : ' 4" Josephus Aloisius Episcopus Bujfalensis Smtnt Itwnnpftwrttlf ro (irncmt fixv< »ctti«W *(fileni tmitr mCpt" rt& lift* uft mrc \vt(xfiqi amis p \mh (idnc ys pmo lit pf nt«ttoUrt»te -n:omuli?-. Si p'V «j" a- pmo ofao \n 1 1TB TOWIC mfll!l?0iji'r [i run00 S oii-rtrhi ncf iip^Jdcm 6* emnpSui.pommel gjpWolitw »n •i|cnsg 0ntcc%r per h?c nir at I ens ihr r*<wie*&oumrr's nccns <jt» saffntflrijni <f u \}<*tm time }-mcn iyenvi [ivb pint)fpffim*tpttmr f«iTmn tt*$Wfi»t,ttttHftt,et' niu6ififtnrc%. '>i:'»c«*i!>wpnTicrn»«',,v)*'" Iroi i Wf,4*notnjMfi;r«f»^i&i« fitpnn pfttwti Hlo $° n^mn^misy? p<nfe nnofcfiflr mnmifi ; ttanM fs i nrpfn& ne arftnr-ml'w mufti' in jrftis jjr ft no teft n va'^itinotU'jo'nDntr ci6 w (Jft,|6 '"£$ 'alms i fme'enu cWidil mint r»i«jf tiotthnrm nans pB*fft rmaaflrftl p'c(flh«frnU8ttrfHflaTiimfl \\?i\i\x ni pis lih&j en- injprniara otcnr SSrtnf^fi^ r paa «3 «rt fine ci(pnttma i^a^ (l)lr <*£(,. m-t f^t gtvile g-t«Tnc'Tn|pnt*o,copn»'6»tnptilt g^ppCjipjf iKKittlh ?impftiifi0oicttfci$utm ^Strintfnnnl mm jj>no6tr |sjc'T inifirmntonWrcnt$> otbcfp mttwg cf &cyxitwnam omi raj^t * (> on? moo' aj$-' 5? * r^Nft 0^«'riM«;Vo»sc»t«flm5»ir,nirj)i'a vnTe'tc «i)pta r*^ aeftipf JH-tteefl-cna ie»rf»r fomnne tfiv\ «nnftot vtnnta iwnir ca gr*Yi"aiuis pirhfc ernn Hfafmtttv Beginning of the Ordinatio of Duns Scotus From MS lat. -
Eriugena's Christian Neoplatonism and Its Sources in Patristic
Eriugena’s Christian Neoplatonism and its Sources in Patristic Philosophy and Ancient Philosophy (I) 16:00 - 18:30 Tuesday, 20th August, 2019 Room 1 Presentation type Workshop [No author data] Discussant: Willemien Otten This workshop analyses Eriugena's Christian Platonic ideas on Theology, Cosmology, Anthropology (including Epistemology and Ethics) and their sources in Patristic philosophical theology and in ancient philosophy – two strictly interrelated, often inseparable fields. It includes world leaders in Eriugena studies; papers offer important and novel insights into Eriugena's thought and its sources. 508 Eriugena and Maximos on Divisions of Being Andrew Louth University of Durham, Durham, United Kingdom Abstract The Latin title of Eriugena’s principal work Periphyseon is De divisione naturae. As he himself makes clear, by his citation from Maximos the Confessor, his notion of the division of nature is derived from, or at least inspired by, Maximos, who was himself inheriting a pattern of division or distinction from earlier writers, notably Gregory of Nyssa, whom Eriugena himself knew and had translated. The problem is: in what way is Eriugena indebted to Maximos over this central notion? The paper begins by putting Eriugena’s work, of both translation and speculative metaphysics, in context in his life and work, emphasizing Eriugena’s basic formation as a Latin, indeed Augustinian, theologian (though original in his interpretation), in terms of which his indebtedness to the Greek theology he translated is to be interpreted. Initially, it appears that the notion of division of nature was conceived of in dialectical terms, however, as Eriugena developed the notion from book II onwards, it becomes primarily metaphysical. -
Human Souls and the Triad of Intellectual Operations
chapter 6 Human Souls and the Triad of Intellectual Operations As we have seen, all animals are superior to plants in that they have not only vegetative powers but also sensory, that is, cognitive powers. The possession of cognition is what establishes a psychological continuity between nonhuman and human animals. However, there is also a crucial discontinuity and it is this discontinuity that brings us closer to theories of animal rationality. In short, the discontinuity between humans and other animals consists in the fact that only the former have rational or intellectual souls. Consequently, humans are not simply animals but a very peculiar kind of animals, namely, ‘rational animals’ (animalia rationalia).1 They are, so to speak, ‘animals plus x’ with ‘x’ being the faculties of intellect and reason. Nonhuman animals are, in turn, ‘animals without x’. This lack of intellect and reason is why they were often called ‘ irrational animals’ (animalia irrationalia) or ‘brute animals’ (animalia bruta), as mentioned before. The possession of a rational soul thus establishes what modern scholars usually call an anthropological difference because it sets humans apart from all other animals. Medieval philosophers stressed this point. In his commentary on De ani- malibus, Peter of Spain, for instance, states that ‘humans excel any other ani- mal by the nobility of intellect and reason’ (homo enim excellit quodlibet animal nobilitate intellectus et rationis).2 In his Sentences commentary, Peter of John Olivi defines human beings as ‘intellectual animals or animals having intellect’ (bestiae intellectuales seu intellectum habentes).3 On the one hand, this shows that the animal nature of human beings was not denied. -
Origen of Alexandria and St. Maximus the Confessor: an Analysis and Critical Evaluation of Their Eschatological Doctrines
Origen of Alexandria and St. Maximus the Confessor: An Analysis and Critical Evaluation of Their Eschatological Doctrines by Edward Moore ISBN: 1-58112-261-6 DISSERTATION.COM Boca Raton, Florida USA • 2005 Origen of Alexandria and St. Maximus the Confessor: An Analysis and Critical Evaluation of Their Eschatological Doctrines Copyright © 2004 Edward Moore All rights reserved. Dissertation.com Boca Raton, Florida USA • 2005 ISBN: 1-58112-261-6 Origen of Alexandria and St. Maximus the Confessor: An Analysis and Critical Evaluation of Their Eschatological Doctrines By Edward Moore, S.T.L., Ph.D. Table of Contents LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................................VI ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .............................................................................................VII PREFACE.....................................................................................................................VIII INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................. 1 ORIGEN, MAXIMUS, AND THE IMPORTANCE OF ESCHATOLOGY ....................................... 1 THE HISTORY AND IMPORTANCE OF ESCHATOLOGY IN CHRISTIAN THOUGHT – SOME BRIEF REMARKS. ............................................................................................................. 3 CHAPTER 1: ORIGEN’S INTELLECTUAL BACKGROUND................................... 15 BRIEF BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH...................................................................................... -
Is, Ought, and the Regress Argument
This is a draft of an article published in the Australasian Journal of Philosophy. Citations should be to published version: https://doi.org/10.1080/00048402.2018.1501400 Is, Ought, and the Regress Argument Abstract: Many take the claim that you can’t ‘get’ an ‘ought’ from an ‘is’ to imply that non-moral beliefs are by themselves incapable of justifying moral beliefs. I argue that this is a mistake and that the position that moral beliefs are justified exclusively by non-moral beliefs– a view I call moral inferentialism – presents an attractive non-skeptical moral epistemology. “Why should I believe this set of propositions?” is quite different from the logical question: “What is the smallest and logically simplest group of propositions from which this set of propositions can be deduced?” –Bertrand Russell, The Philosophy of Logical Atomism p. 129 §1 Is to Ought Of the many theses that have been held about the relationship between thoughts about what is and thoughts about what is good or what ought to be, one of the most straightforward often gets overlooked. The following is, I imagine, a common experience: a thought crosses your mind about how things are, were, or might be. Next, you have an evaluative or a deontic thought – a thought about goodness, badness or about what ought to be done. Not only does the one thought follow the other, but it seems the first thought – the thought about what ‘is’ – justifies the second thought about value or obligation. For instance, you think: ‘The old man collapsed and is in pain,’ and that seems to support the thought that something bad has happened and you ought to help. -
Periphyseon' Jonathan Mounts
Duquesne University Duquesne Scholarship Collection Electronic Theses and Dissertations Spring 2011 Salvation of the Damned Within the 'Periphyseon' Jonathan Mounts Follow this and additional works at: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd Recommended Citation Mounts, J. (2011). Salvation of the Damned Within the 'Periphyseon' (Doctoral dissertation, Duquesne University). Retrieved from https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/956 This Immediate Access is brought to you for free and open access by Duquesne Scholarship Collection. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Duquesne Scholarship Collection. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE SALVATION OF THE DAMNED WITHIN THE PERIPHYSEON A Dissertation Submitted to the McAnulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts Duquesne University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy By Jonathan G. Mounts April 2011 Copyright by Jonathan G. Mounts 2011 THE SALVATION OF THE DAMNED WITHIN THE PERIPHYSEON By Jonathan G. Mounts Approved April 1, 2011 ________________________ ________________________ L. Michael Harrington, Ph.D Thérèse Bonin, Ph.D Associate Professor of Philosophy Associate Professor of Philosophy Director Committee Member ________________________ ________________________ James Swindal, Ph.D James Swindall, Ph.D. Associate Professor of Philosophy Associate Professor of Philosophy Committee Member Department Chair ________________________ Christopher Duncan, Ph.D. Dean, The McAnulty College and Graduate School of Liberal Arts iii ABSTRACT THE SALVATION OF THE DAMNED WITHIN THE PERIPHYSEON By Jonathan G. Mounts May 2011 Dissertation supervised by L. Michael Harrington, Ph.D This dissertation shall examine the claim of John Scottus Eriugena, the ninth century Irish philosopher, that all things must ultimately return to unity with their creator. -
Descartes' Arguments for Distinguishing Mind and Body
© Michael Lacewing Descartes’ arguments for distinguishing mind and body THE KNOWLEDGE ARGUMENT In Meditation II, having argued that he knows he thinks, Descartes then asks what kind of thing he is. Discussions of identity seek to establish the essential properties of something, what makes it the thing that it is. The question ‘what am I?’ can be answered by considering the question of what it is for me to exist. Descartes is trying to identify his essence, those properties which, if he lost them, would mean he was no longer what he is. (An island, for instance, must be surrounded by water. If the water dried up, joining it to the mainland, it would cease to be an island.) He remarks that he can continue to doubt whether he has a body; after all, he only believes he has a body as a result of his perceptual experiences, and so the demon could be deceiving him about this. But he cannot doubt that he has a mind, i.e. that he thinks. So he knows he exists even though he doesn’t know whether or not he has a body. From this Descartes concludes that it is possible for him to exist without a body. He is essentially a mind, not a body. He would not necessarily cease to be himself if he ceased to have a body, but he would necessarily cease to be himself if he didn’t have a mind. APPEAL TO GOD’S OMNIPOTENCE Descartes’ argument so far is that minds can exist without bodies. However, on its own, it doesn’t establish dualism. -
Platonic Theology: Books 1-4 V.1 Pdf, Epub, Ebook
PLATONIC THEOLOGY: BOOKS 1-4 V.1 PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Marsilio Ficino,Michael J.B. Allen,John Warden,James Hankins,William Bowen | 448 pages | 08 May 2001 | HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS | 9780674003453 | English | Cambridge, Mass, United States Platonic Theology: Books 1-4 v.1 PDF Book His Platonic evangelizing was eminently successful and widely influential, and his Platonic Theology , translated into English in this edition, is one of the keys to understanding the art, thought, culture, and spirituality of the Renaissance. This is six-volume edition and translation of Ficino's eighteen- book Platonic Theology. Platonic Theology: v. Platonic Theology Letters Platonic Commentaries. The "notes to the translation" are other possible translations, needed explanations of the text, sources of quotations or allusions. Ficino devoted his life to reviving the philosophy of Plato and gathered around him a group of distinguished disciples and devotees sometimes referred to as the "Florentine Academy. What God is not. The descent of the soul into the body. He had sought to show that revelation was necessary because, although philosophy could demonstrate the existence of God and man's immortality, knowledge of God's essence and man's true destiny was beyond its comprehension and belonged to the realm of supernatural theology. Allen and Hankins have begun a work of scholarship of the highest calibre, whose continuation is eagerly awaited. Book XIII demonstrates the soul's immortality by four signs : phantasy, reason and prophecy, arts, and miracles. Laurentianus Pluteus As previously shown by Marcel Marsile Ficin. This was dangerous ground, obviously shading into magic, and protesting that he was vindicating Free Will against astrological determinism was not much of a cover. -
199 Henry of Ghent Summa of Ordinary Questions: Articles Six To
Philosophy in Review XXXIII (2013), no. 3 Henry of Ghent Summa of Ordinary Questions: Articles Six to Ten on Theology, translated and with an introduction by Roland J. Teske, SJ. Milwaukee: Marquette University Press 2011. 226 pages $25.00 (paper ISBN 978–087462255–3) This translation of selected articles from Henry of Ghent’s Summa of Ordinary Questions is part of the Medieval Philosophy Texts in Translation series from Marquette University. The translator, Roland Teske, is the current series editor, and he is to be commended for including this volume in the series as it makes available in English an invaluable text for those with a professional interest in medieval philosophy and theology. Henry of Ghent is a little known figure outside the (growing) circle of professional philosophers with an interest in Scholasticism. But he was pivotal in the last thirty years of the 13th century, playing a major role in one of the key events of the period, viz., the Condemnations of 1270 and 1277. Anyone interested in understanding Henry’s thought, particularly his views on the relationship between theology and philosophy, will thank Teske for making this text available at such an affordable price, and for his accurate rendering of Henry’s Latin. The translated articles contain Henry’s considered views on meta-theology. The leading issue of the day concerned the place of theology within the sciences. Prior to the 13th century, theology enjoyed pride of place in the curriculum, with all the other disciplines being seen as preparatory to work in theology. This position came under threat in the 13th century as all the works of Aristotle were gradually rediscovered and assimilated by scholars working in the universities. -
THE MORAL CLOSURE ARGUMENT Matt Lutz
Journal of Ethics and Social Philosophy https://doi.org/10.26556/jesp.v19i1.243 Vol. 19, No. 1 · January 2021 © 2021 Author THE MORAL CLOSURE ARGUMENT Matt Lutz skeptical hypothesis argument introduces a scenario—a skeptical hypothesis—where our beliefs about some subject matter are systemat- A ically false, but our experiences do not discriminate between the case where our beliefs are true and the skeptical scenario where they are not. Because we are unable to rule out this scenario, we do not know that any of our beliefs about the subject matter are true. As one famous skeptical hypothesis argument goes: I cannot rule out the hypothesis that I am being deceived by a demon. Therefore, I cannot know anything about the external world. By similar token, a moral skeptical hypothesis argument is an argument that moral knowledge is impossible for agents like us in situations like ours, because we are unable to rule out some skeptical hypothesis. In this paper, I will defend a moral skeptical hypothesis argument—the Mor- al Closure Argument—against a number of objections. This argument is not novel, but it has rarely been taken seriously because it is widely held that the argument has serious flaws. My task in this paper is to argue that these supposed flaws are merely apparent; the Moral Closure Argument is much more potent than it might seem. 1. The Moral Closure Argument Let us introduce a few of the concepts that will feature prominently in the dis- cussion to come. Closure: If S knows that P, and P entails Q, and S believes that Q on the basis of competently deducing Q from P, while retaining knowledge of P throughout his reasoning, then S knows that Q.1 A closure argument is a kind of skeptical hypothesis argument that relies on Clo- 1 There are other ways to formulate Closure, but this is the most widely accepted version of the principle.