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Xi Jinping's Address to the Central Conference On
Xi Jinping’s Address to the Central Conference on Work Relating to Foreign Affairs: Assessing and Advancing Major- Power Diplomacy with Chinese Characteristics Michael D. Swaine* Xi Jinping’s speech before the Central Conference on Work Relating to Foreign Affairs—held November 28–29, 2014, in Beijing—marks the most comprehensive expression yet of the current Chinese leadership’s more activist and security-oriented approach to PRC diplomacy. Through this speech and others, Xi has taken many long-standing Chinese assessments of the international and regional order, as well as the increased influence on and exposure of China to that order, and redefined and expanded the function of Chinese diplomacy. Xi, along with many authoritative and non-authoritative Chinese observers, presents diplomacy as an instrument for the effective application of Chinese power in support of an ambitious, long-term, and more strategic foreign policy agenda. Ultimately, this suggests that Beijing will increasingly attempt to alter some of the foreign policy processes and power relationships that have defined the political, military, and economic environment in the Asia- Pacific region. How the United States chooses to respond to this challenge will determine the Asian strategic landscape for decades to come. On November 28 and 29, 2014, the Central Chinese Communist Party (CCP) leadership convened its fourth Central Conference on Work Relating to Foreign Affairs (中央外事工作会)—the first since August 2006.1 The meeting, presided over by Premier Li Keqiang, included the entire Politburo Standing Committee, an unprecedented number of central and local Chinese civilian and military officials, nearly every Chinese ambassador and consul-general with ambassadorial rank posted overseas, and commissioners of the Foreign Ministry to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the Macao Special Administrative Region. -
Beijing – Forbidden City Maps
Beijing – Forbidden City Maps Forbidden City is the top attraction in Beijing and China plus the world’s most visited site. Imperial City was the domain of 24 Ming and Qing dynasty emperors before becoming the Palace Museum in 1925. Within 180 acres are nearly 1,000 historical palatial structures. Entrance: Meridian Gate, Dongcheng Qu, Donghuamen Rd, Beijing Shi, China, 100006 Also print the travel guide with photos and descriptions. ENCIRCLE PHOTOS © 2017 Richard F. Ebert All Rights Reserved. 1 Beijing – Forbidden City Map Also print travel guide with photos and descriptions. ENCIRCLE PHOTOS © 2017 Richard F. Ebert All Rights Reserved 2 Forbidden City – Outer Court Map Also print travel guide with photos and descriptions. ENCIRCLE PHOTOS © 2017 Richard F. Ebert All Rights Reserved 3 Forbidden City – Inner Court Map Also print travel guide with photos and descriptions. ENCIRCLE PHOTOS © 2017 Richard F. Ebert All Rights Reserved 4 1 Description of Forbidden City 14 Hall of Preserving Harmony Dragons 27 Pavilion at Jingshan Park 2 Tips for Visiting Forbidden City 15 Lions at Gate of Heavenly Purity 28 Northeast Corner Tower 3 Southeast Corner Tower 16 Palace of Heavenly Purity 4 Meridian Gate 17 Palace of Heavenly Purity Throne 5 History of Emperors 18 Grain Measure 6 Gate of Supreme Harmony 19 Bronze Turtle 7 Hall of Supreme Harmony Courtyard 20 Halls of Union and Earthly Tranquility 8 Belvedere of Embodying Benevolence 21 Hall of Imperial Peace 9 Hall of Supreme Harmony 22 400 Year Old Lianli Tree 10 Hall of Supreme Harmony Profile 23 Incense Burner 11 Two Great Halls in Outer Court 24 Springtime Pavilion 12 Houyou Men Gate 25 Autumn Pavilion 13 Gate of Heavenly Purity 26 Autumn Pavilion Ceiling Also print travel guide with photos and descriptions. -
2015 Military Reform in the People's Republic of China
BELFER CENTER PAPER 2015 Military Reform in the People’s Republic of China Defense, Foreign and Domestic Policy Issues Andrei A. Kokoshin PAPER OCTOBER 2016 Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs Harvard Kennedy School 79 JFK Street Cambridge, MA 02138 www.belfercenter.org Translated from Russian by Kirill Leonov Edited by Mari Dugas Design & Layout by Andrew Facini Cover image: A Chinese military band conductor leads the band at the end of the opening session of the annual National People’s Congress in Beijing’s Great Hall of the People, Saturday, March 5, 2016. (AP Photo/Ng Han Guan) Statements and views expressed in this paper are solely those of the author and do not imply endorsement by Harvard University, Harvard Kennedy School, or the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs. Copyright 2016, President and Fellows of Harvard College Printed in the United States of America BELFER CENTER PAPER 2015 Military Reform in the People’s Republic of China Defense, Foreign and Domestic Policy Issues Andrei A. Kokoshin PAPER OCTOBER 2016 About the Author Andrei Kokoshin is a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences and dean of Moscow State University’s Faculty of World Politics. He has served as Russia’s first deputy defense minister, secretary of the Defense Council and secretary of the Security Council. Dr. Kokoshin has also served as chairman of the State Duma’s Committee on the Commonwealth of Independent States and as first deputy chairman of the Duma’s Committee on Science and High Technology. iv 2015 Military Reform in the People’s Republic of China: Defense, Foreign and Domestic Policy Issues Table of Contents Synopsis of the Study .............................................................vi Introduction ............................................................................. -
Mansfield, Tanick & Cohen, P.A. Present a Roadmap for Business
CHINAInsight Fostering Business and Cultural Harmony between China and the U.S. VOL. 7 NO. 8 www.chinainsight.info SEPTEMBER 2008 Beijing Olympics a success won silver and the United States bronze). The results of the individual events were: Yang Wei – All-Around, Zou Kai – Floor Exercise, Xiao Qin – Pommel Horse, Li Xi- aopeng – Parallel Bars, Zou Kai – Horizon- tal Bar (U.S. gymnast Jonathan Horton won silver), and Chen Yibing – Rings (Yang Wei won sil- ver). The only apparatus that Chinese men Yang Wei did not medal in was the Vault. Leszak Blanik of Poland won that Moon Festival event. Page 3 The women’s artistic gymnastics team competition also saw China in the top spot on the medal podium. U.S. women Part of the opening ceremonies of the 2008 Beijing Olympics took silver and Romanian women won bronze. Chinese women performed well in By Jennifer Nordin, Staff Writer Artistic Gymnastics the individual events but were out-shined Chinese men dominated artistic gymnas- by Americans Nastia Liukin and Shawn he 2008 Beijing Olympics began tics in Beijing winning seven gold medals Johnson. In the All-Around competition, with a spectacular display at the including the team competition (Japan Olympics continues on Page 9 National Stadium (the Bird’s Nest) in the Opening Ceremonies Ton Aug. 8 and ended with an equally awe- inspiring Closing Ceremonies on Aug. 24. In between, was a 17-day rollercoaster of Mansfield, Tanick & emotion and excitement that only happens every four years. There were thrilling vic- tories and crushing defeats by the slimmest Cohen, P.A. -
Copyrighted Material
INDEX Aodayixike Qingzhensi Baisha, 683–684 Abacus Museum (Linhai), (Ordaisnki Mosque; Baishui Tai (White Water 507 Kashgar), 334 Terraces), 692–693 Abakh Hoja Mosque (Xiang- Aolinpike Gongyuan (Olym- Baita (Chowan), 775 fei Mu; Kashgar), 333 pic Park; Beijing), 133–134 Bai Ta (White Dagoba) Abercrombie & Kent, 70 Apricot Altar (Xing Tan; Beijing, 134 Academic Travel Abroad, 67 Qufu), 380 Yangzhou, 414 Access America, 51 Aqua Spirit (Hong Kong), 601 Baiyang Gou (White Poplar Accommodations, 75–77 Arch Angel Antiques (Hong Gully), 325 best, 10–11 Kong), 596 Baiyun Guan (White Cloud Acrobatics Architecture, 27–29 Temple; Beijing), 132 Beijing, 144–145 Area and country codes, 806 Bama, 10, 632–638 Guilin, 622 The arts, 25–27 Bama Chang Shou Bo Wu Shanghai, 478 ATMs (automated teller Guan (Longevity Museum), Adventure and Wellness machines), 60, 74 634 Trips, 68 Bamboo Museum and Adventure Center, 70 Gardens (Anji), 491 AIDS, 63 ack Lakes, The (Shicha Hai; Bamboo Temple (Qiongzhu Air pollution, 31 B Beijing), 91 Si; Kunming), 658 Air travel, 51–54 accommodations, 106–108 Bangchui Dao (Dalian), 190 Aitiga’er Qingzhen Si (Idkah bars, 147 Banpo Bowuguan (Banpo Mosque; Kashgar), 333 restaurants, 117–120 Neolithic Village; Xi’an), Ali (Shiquan He), 331 walking tour, 137–140 279 Alien Travel Permit (ATP), 780 Ba Da Guan (Eight Passes; Baoding Shan (Dazu), 727, Altitude sickness, 63, 761 Qingdao), 389 728 Amchog (A’muquhu), 297 Bagua Ting (Pavilion of the Baofeng Hu (Baofeng Lake), American Express, emergency Eight Trigrams; Chengdu), 754 check -
Bremer-Hukou-System Lesson Plan
Sarah Bremer The Hukou System April 2019 L E S S O N P L A N The Hukou (Household Registration) System Sarah Bremer Bishop O’Dowd High school Essential/Central Question: How does the hukou system impact the ability of individuals to achieve the “Chinese dream”? Lesson Summary: Through a role play based on members of a family featured in Rob Schmitz’s book Street of Eternal Happiness, students explore the ways that the household registration system, or “hukou” has affected the lives of a family from the rural province of Shandong. Implemented in 1958, this system requires every citizen of China to be registered with either a rural or urban hukou. Today, millions of Chinese citizens with rural hukou registration live as migrants in cities like Shanghai. Their hukou status, which is passed down through families and nearly impossible to change, prevents them from accessing public education, healthcare, pensions, and other services in the cities in which they live and work. Grade levels and Courses: This lesson was designed for a high school (9-12 grade) course in world history or AP Human Geography. It can also be adapted for English Language Arts classes. Duration: One 80-minute block period or two 45 minute periods Step-by-step Description: Materials: Handout 1 (cut into strips), Handout 2 (video note sheet), Handout 3 (role play cards), projector and computer Warm Up: 1. Cut up Handout 1: Timeline of the Hukou system into strips separated by date. Give each student or pair of students a date and description. Be sure that the strips are not in order. -
Diving out of a Massive Shadow GOLD MEDAL WINNER WANG GROWING TIRED of ‘LITTLE GUO JINGJING’ MONIKER
NOVEMBER 23, 20 CHINA DAILY PAGE 2 INSIDE THE GAMES Diving out of a massive shadow GOLD MEDAL WINNER WANG GROWING TIRED OF ‘LITTLE GUO JINGJING’ MONIKER By TANG YUE sister Guo forever,” Wang said of her CHINA DAILY former synchronized partner aft er winning the fi rst diving gold medal GUANGZHOU — The young in Guangzhou. divers on the all-conquering Chi- “I want to be as successful as she nese team were not only compet- was and I hope to learn from her ing for Asiad gold medals, but experience. But when people talk also emerging from the shadow of about me, I hope they don’t always diving diva Guo Jingjing. compare me to her. I want everyone Coming from the to recognize me as a unique individ- same hometown as ual,” said the bronze medalist in the the four-time Olym- 3m springboard at last year’s World pic champion, Wang Championships. Han, a springboard Despite winning synchronized DIVING diver, had been gold, Wang played down the duo’s dubbed “little Guo Jingjing” by performance. local media. “Our cooperation was not as good Not surprisingly, Wang was asked as it was in training. October marked to compare herself to Guo, who the conclusion of our national events, stopped training two years ago, so we had only one month to work aft er winning the gold medal in the together. We need more training in synchronized 3m springboard with the future,” she said. Shi Tingmao at the Aoti Aquatic Malaysia pocketed silver while Center on Monday. Japan settled for bronze. -
Socioterritorial Fractures in China: the Unachievable “Harmonious Society”?
China Perspectives 2007/3 | 2007 Creating a Harmonious Society Socioterritorial Fractures in China: The Unachievable “Harmonious Society”? Guillaume Giroir Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/2073 DOI : 10.4000/chinaperspectives.2073 ISSN : 1996-4617 Éditeur Centre d'étude français sur la Chine contemporaine Édition imprimée Date de publication : 15 septembre 2007 ISSN : 2070-3449 Référence électronique Guillaume Giroir, « Socioterritorial Fractures in China: The Unachievable “Harmonious Society”? », China Perspectives [En ligne], 2007/3 | 2007, mis en ligne le 01 septembre 2010, consulté le 28 octobre 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/chinaperspectives/2073 ; DOI : 10.4000/ chinaperspectives.2073 © All rights reserved Special feature s e Socioterritorial Fractures v i a t c n i in China: The Unachievable e h p s c “Harmonious Society”? r e p GUILLAUME GIROIR This article offers an inventory of the social and territorial fractures in Hu Jintao’s China. It shows the unarguable but ambiguous emergence of a middle class, the successes and failures in the battle against poverty and the spectacular enrichment of a wealthy few. It asks whether the Confucian ideal of a “harmonious society,” which the authorities have been promoting since the early 2000s, is compatible with a market economy. With an eye to the future, it outlines two possible scenarios on how socioterritorial fractures in China may evolve. he need for a “more harmonious society” was raised 1978, Chinese society has effectively ceased to be founded for the first time in 2002 at the Sixteenth Congress on egalitarianism; spatial disparities are to be seen on the T of the Communist Party of China (CPC). -
HU Jintao Hú Jǐntāo 胡锦涛 B
◀ HU Die Comprehensive index starts in volume 5, page 2667. HU Jintao Hú Jǐntāo 胡锦涛 b. 1942 President of China (2002– present) Hu Jintao is the current President of the Peo- of Guizhou Province (July 1985–November 1988), and the ple’s Republic of China. During his two terms party secretary of the Tibet Autonomous Region (De- in office he has faced several crises, with vary- cember 1988–January 1991). Currently Hu serves as presi- ing degrees of success. His handling of the dent of the PRC, as well as general secretary of CCP’s Central Committee, and chairman of the CCP’s Military 2008 Sichuan earthquake was initially praised Affairs Committee. for his break from previous government se- Since his succession to Jiang Zemin, Hu Jintao has crecy but later criticized outside China after taken an active role in developing China’s foreign rela- widespread media censorship of the event be- tions. The first developments were the introduction of came apparent. He has been very active in pro- the concepts “harmonious society” and “peaceful rise,” moting development at home and improving the latter of which was proposed in 2003 by Chairman foreign relations, notably with Taiwan. of the China Reform Forum Zheng Bijian. Peaceful rise, later termed the peaceful development path by Hu, was touted as a path of economic development that could raise “China’s population out of a state of underdevelopment” orn in Shanghai in December 1942, with ances- (Glaser & Medeiros 2007, 295) while working coopera- tral roots in Anhui Province, Hu Jintao gradu- tively with other countries to promote national security ated in 1965 from China’s Qinghua University, and world peace. -
Democratic Centralism and Administration in China
This is the accepted version of the chapter published in: F Hualing, J Gillespie, P Nicholson and W Partlett (eds), Socialist Law in Socialist East Asia, Cambridge University Press (2018) Democratic Centralism and Administration in China Sarah BiddulphP0F 1 1. INTRODUCTION The decision issued by the fourth plenary session of the 18th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP, or Party) in 2014 on Some Major Questions in Comprehensively Promoting Governing the Country According to Law (the ‘Fourth Plenum Decision’) reiterated the Party’s determination to build a ‘socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics’.P1F 2P What does this proclamation of the ‘socialist’ nature of China’s version of rule of law mean, if anything? Development of a notion of socialist rule of law in China has included many apparently competing and often mutually inconsistent narratives and trends. So, in searching for indicia of socialism in China’s legal system it is necessary at the outset to acknowledge that what we identify as socialist may be overlaid with other important influences, including at least China’s long history of centralised, bureaucratic governance, Maoist forms of ‘adaptive’ governanceP2F 3P and Western ideological, legal and institutional imports, outside of Marxism–Leninism. In fact, what the Chinese party-state labels ‘socialist’ has already departed from the original ideals of European socialists. This chapter does not engage in a critique of whether Chinese versions of socialism are really ‘socialist’. Instead it examines the influence on China’s legal system of democratic centralism, often attributed to Lenin, but more significantly for this book project firmly embraced by the party-state as a core element of ‘Chinese socialism’. -
Securing the Belt and Road Initiative: China's Evolving Military
the national bureau of asian research nbr special report #80 | september 2019 securing the belt and road initiative China’s Evolving Military Engagement Along the Silk Roads Edited by Nadège Rolland cover 2 NBR Board of Directors John V. Rindlaub Kurt Glaubitz Matt Salmon (Chairman) Global Media Relations Manager Vice President of Government Affairs Senior Managing Director and Chevron Corporation Arizona State University Head of Pacific Northwest Market East West Bank Mark Jones Scott Stoll Co-head of Macro, Corporate & (Treasurer) Thomas W. Albrecht Investment Bank, Wells Fargo Securities Partner (Ret.) Partner (Ret.) Wells Fargo & Company Ernst & Young LLP Sidley Austin LLP Ryo Kubota Mitchell B. Waldman Dennis Blair Chairman, President, and CEO Executive Vice President, Government Chairman Acucela Inc. and Customer Relations Sasakawa Peace Foundation USA Huntington Ingalls Industries, Inc. U.S. Navy (Ret.) Quentin W. Kuhrau Chief Executive Officer Charles W. Brady Unico Properties LLC Honorary Directors Chairman Emeritus Lawrence W. Clarkson Melody Meyer Invesco LLC Senior Vice President (Ret.) President The Boeing Company Maria Livanos Cattaui Melody Meyer Energy LLC Secretary General (Ret.) Thomas E. Fisher Long Nguyen International Chamber of Commerce Senior Vice President (Ret.) Chairman, President, and CEO Unocal Corporation George Davidson Pragmatics, Inc. (Vice Chairman) Joachim Kempin Kenneth B. Pyle Vice Chairman, M&A, Asia-Pacific (Ret.) Senior Vice President (Ret.) Professor, University of Washington HSBC Holdings plc Microsoft Corporation Founding President, NBR Norman D. Dicks Clark S. Kinlin Jonathan Roberts Senior Policy Advisor President and Chief Executive Officer Founder and Partner Van Ness Feldman LLP Corning Cable Systems Ignition Partners Corning Incorporated Richard J. -
Cross-Strait Relations: a Conflict in Slow Motion? Mats Engman & Larissa Stünkel
Issue Brief August 18, 2021 Cross-Strait Relations: A Conflict in Slow Motion? Mats Engman & Larissa Stünkel • Cross-Strait relations have rarely been a simple zero-sum game but appear progressively fragile as Beijing stokes fears about wanting to resolve the Taiwan issue • As China becomes increasingly assertive, the current state of affairs begs the question as to whether Washington’s once successful “strategic ambiguity” is still feasible • Nevertheless, conflating the mainland’s capabilities with intentions risks overstating the threat that the PLA potentially poses which may inadvertently lower the threshold for miscalculations Introduction and Taiwan becoming a role model in effectively mitigating the effects of Covid-19 domestically, It was a hazy grey first of July in Beijing when Xi the DPP under President Tsai Ing-wen has been Jinping delivered his long-awaited centennial speech, able to shore up considerable support. Meanwhile, which was expectedly infused with determination. Beijing’s relations with the international community Addressing the “Taiwan1 question” and “China’s have grown more strained. The G7, following an complete reunification,” according to Xi, remain in-person meeting in Cornwall, issued an unusually “an unshakeable commitment” for the Chinese succinct statement, calling out Beijing over human Communist Party (CCP). He concluded with a call for rights abuses, the crackdown in Hong Kong, and the strength, stating that “no one should underestimate increasingly tense Cross-Strait environment. 4 the resolve, the