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(Ex Gentianaceis) Speciebus Novis Xi: Five New Species from the Andes of Ecuador and Colombia

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(Ex Gentianaceis) Speciebus Novis Xi: Five New Species from the Andes of Ecuador and Colombia DE MACROCARPAEAE GRISEBACH (EX GENTIANACEIS) SPECIEBUS NOVIS XI: FIVE NEW SPECIES FROM THE ANDES OF ECUADOR AND COLOMBIA JASON R. GRANT1 Abstract. Five new species are described from Andean regions of Colombia and Ecuador including M. catherineae, M. cortinae, M. illuminata, M. pacifica, and M. umbellata. Macrocarpaea stenophylla is reported as a range extension from Peru to Ecuador. Keywords: Macrocarpaea, Gentianaceae, Helieae, Ecuador In a recent monograph of Macrocarpaea Gilg from petiolate, 5–87 × 2.5–40 mm; base aequilateral to oblique, Ecuador (Grant, 2014), seven new species were indicated. rounded to cuneate; apex acute to acuminate; bract petioles Five of these species are formally described here 0–6 mm. Flowers pedicellate, erect to slightly spreading; including M. catherineae J.R. Grant, M. cortinae J.R. pedicels 15–20 mm long; bracteoles linear to lanceolate, Grant, M. illuminata J.R. Grant, M. pacifica J.R. Grant, 2–8 × 0.25–0.5. Calyx campanulate, 6–9 × 5–6 mm, and M. umbellata Weaver & J.R. Grant. This study has glabrous, smooth, green, ecarinate, ovate; calyx lobes 3–4 been prepared within a broader context to prepare a full × 3–4 mm, rounded to obtuse. Corolla unknown. Capsules monograph of the genus (Grant, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2007, ellipsoidal 29–35 × 6–7 mm, smooth to faintly ribbed, erect; 2008, 2011, 2014; Grant and Struwe, 2001, 2003; Grant and style remnant 7–12 mm long. Seeds “Perimetrically winged Trunz, 2011; Grant and Weaver, 2003). type,” flattened, roughly 3-4 sided in outline, yet appearing as myriads of different puzzle pieces, 0.5–1.0 × 0.4–0.8 1. Macrocarpaea catherineae J.R. Grant, sp. nov. TYPE: mm, bicolored, testa tan to dark orange, wings translucent ECUADOR. Zamora-Chinchipe: Road from Chuchumbleza, cream, testa reticulate, wings ribbed. Quimi and Tundayme towards the Condor Mirador, 16 Distribution and habitat: Macrocarpaea catherineae km from end of road at Military camp “Condor Mirador,” occurs on the Cordillera del Condor in southern Ecuador. 03˚36'32.7"S, 078˚28'18.3"W, 1059 m, 15 February 2011, Eponymy: Named for Belgian Catherine Vits, renowned Grant, J.R. & J. Vieu 11-4695 (Holotype: NY; isotypes MO, ornithologist and owner of the fabulous Copalinga Ecolodge NEU, QCA, QCNE). Fig. 1. E–G. in Zamora, Ecuador. http://www.copalinga.com Macrocarpaea catherineae is a new species endemic to Additional specimens examined: ECUADOR. Zamora- the Cordillera del Condor that differs from the widespread Chinchipe: Région de la Cordillera del Cóndor, vertiente Macrocarpaea micrantha in being an unbranched shrub occidental, Cantón El Pangui, parroquia Tundayme, Valle del with larger and broader leaves that are smooth, coriaceous Río Quimi, Bosque húmedo premontano, arbustivo de 3 m and yellowish green in color. de alto, flores campanulares color blanco-crema, 03˚35'05"S, Unbranched shrub to small tree, 2–3 m tall, glabrous 078˚27'07"W, 900 m, 8 July 2007, Quizhpe, W. 2706 throughout. Stems terete to quadrangular, hollow, 5–7 mm (MO, QCNE); El Pangui, Cordillera del Cóndor, vertiente in diameter just below the inflorescence. Leaves ovate to occidental, cuenca del Río Quimi, zona de la futura mina elliptic, long-petiolate, 11–28 cm long. Petioles 10–60 de cobre de la compañia EcuaCorriente, Formación rocosa mm, slender with slight vagination, interpetiolar ridge arenisca, suelo arenoso, bosque muy húmedo montano bajo 1–2 mm. Blades 10–22 × 5–11 cm, entire, not revolute, y bosque arbustivo. Arbusto de 304 m, hojas carnosas, flores yellowish green with slightly impressed veins above, and con pecíolos amarillos, 03˚34'55"S, 078˚26'10"W, 1400–1670 slightly raised veins below, glabrous above and below, thin m, 19 March 2006, Quizhpe, W. & F. Luisier 1977 (QCNE); coriaceous; base aequilateral to oblique, rounded to cuneate; Cordillera del Cóndor, vertiente occidental, cuenca del Río apex acuminate. Inflorescence a much diffusely branched Quimi, zona de la futura mina de cobre de la compañia open thyrse 25–36 cm long; branches 10–24 cm long, 5–9 EcuaCorriente, 03˚34'55"S, 078˚26'10"W, 1400–1670 m, 19 flowered per branch. Bracts ovate to elliptic, sessile to March 2006, Quizhpe, W. & F. Luisier 1981 (LOJA, QCNE). The following herbaria are acknowledged for the loan of material, photocopies of specimens, data on their collections, and/or for hospitality extended during visits to examine material of Macrocarpaea: AAU, AFP, ALA*, B, BM, BP, BR*, BRIT, BSB, C, CAS, CAUP, CEPEC*, CESJ, CHOCO, CHRB*, COAH*, COL*, CONN, CR, CUVC*, CUZ*, DAV, DUKE, E, EHH, F*, FAUC, FI, FLAS, FMB, FR*, FTG, G*, GB, GH*, GOET, HAC, HAL, HAM, HAO*, HB*, HUA*, HUCP, HUEFS*, HUQ, HUT*, IAN*, INB, INPA*, JAUM, JBSD, JE, K*, L, LD, LINN, LOJA*, LPB, LS, M, MA*, MANCH, MARY*, MBM*, MBML*, MEDEL*, MER*, MG*, MICH, MIN, MO*, MOL*, MSB, MU, MY, NA, NEU*, NO, NSW*, NY*, OXF, P*, PH, PORT*, PR, PRC, Q*, QAP*, QCA*, QCNE*, QPLS*, QUSF*, R*, RB*, RNG*, S*, SBBG*, SEL*, SP*, SPF*, TEX, U, UC, UCWI, UDBC, UPCB, UPS, UPTC, US*, USM*, VALLE*, VEN*, W*, WIS, WTU*, WU*, YU, and Z*. I also thank Bobbi Angell who prepared the exceptional scientific illustrations, financed through the Overhead of the Swiss National Science Foundation. 1 Laboratoire de Botanique évolutive, Institut de Biologie, Université de Neuchâtel, rue Émile-Argand 11, Unimail, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland; jason. [email protected] Harvard Papers in Botany, Vol. 19, No. 2, 2014, pp. 227–239. © President and Fellows of Harvard College, 2014. ISSN: 1938-2944, DOI: 10.3100/hpib.v19iss2.2014.n9, Published online: 31 December 2014 228 Harvard PAPERS IN Botany VOL. 19, NO. 2 FIGURE 1. Macrocarpaea pacifica (A–D) and M. catherineae (E–G). A, lower leaf; B, flowering stem; C, bud; D, fruiting stem; E, lower leaves; F, fruiting stem; G, capsule. A–D drawn from Grant 4704 (3 unmounted sheets), E–G from Grant 4695 (unmounted specimens). 2014 GRANT, MACROCARPAEA XI (GENTIANACEAE) 229 Macrocarpaea catherineae belongs to a group of closely as myriads of different puzzle pieces, 0.4–0.7 × 0.8–1.3, related species restricted to the Amotape-Huancabamba bicolored, testa orangish-brown, wings straw-colored, testa zone including M. catherineae, M. claireae, M. dies-viridis, reticulate, wings ribbed. M. illuminata, M. lenae, M. micrantha, M. pacifica, M. Distribution and habitat: Macrocarpaea cortinae quizhpei, and M. xerantifulva. Macrocarpaea catherineae is occurs on Amazon-facing slopes of the Andes in northern immediately recognized as distinct from the other species in Ecuador (Napo and Sucumbios) and southern Colombia this complex by its smooth, coriaceous and yellowish green (Caquetá, Nariño, and Putumayo). leaves. It is sympatric with M. micrantha and M. opulenta, Eponymy: Named for Swiss Jimmy Cortina (1986-), co- and may be confused with M. micrantha in the field (yet collector of the type. this species is a much-branched plant with thin leaves). Additional specimens examined: ECUADOR. Napo: The yellowish-green color and coriaceous texture of the Valle alto del Río Quijos, 5 km al Sur de Cuyuja, Finca leaves of M. catherineae is also reminiscent of roadside Agroecologica Antisana, 00˚28'S, 078˚03'W, 2850, 16 June populations of M. xerantifulva. 1998, Vargas, H. et al. 1851 (MO, NY, QCNE). Sucumbios: Rio Bermejo to Cerro Sur Pax, Cofan community of Alto 2. Macrocarpaea cortinae J.R. Grant, sp. nov. TYPE: Bermejo, access from Bermejo oil field of Pozo 1, NW ECUADOR. Sucumbios: 4 km N of Rio Chigual ridge at between Lumbaqui and Cascales, vicinity of Vista Camp, km 44 from Lumbaqui, 00˚16'46.7"N, 077˚27'39.6"W, 00˚18'13.8"N, 077˚24'32.0"W, 100–1200 m, 29 July 767 m, 7 February 2013, Grant, J.R & J. Cortina 13-5116 2001, Aguinda, R. et al. 1204 (F); Sinangoe Station, Rio (Holotype: NY; isotypes G, MO, NEU, QCA, QCNE). Cuccono Chico, affluent of Rio Due, SW of Puerto Libre, Fig. 2. A—F, 3, 4. NW of Lumbaqui, access trail from Rio Sieguyo, vicinity Macrocarpaea cortinae is a new species from northern of Ccuccono beach camp, 00˚07'48.5"N, 077˚33'19.9"W, Ecuador and southern Colombia that differs from 940-1000 m, 8 August 2001, Aguinda, R. et al. 1585 (F); Macrocarpaea pringleana in having stouter more compact Gonzalo Pizarro Canton, Parroquia Reventador, 1800 m, cymes composed of flowers with shorter pedicels, leaves 23 May 1990, Cerón, C. & Ayala 9988 (MO, QCNE); that dry almost translucent thin, and calyces with an orange 13 km NW of La Bonita on road towards Santa Barbara, coloration of the dorsal side of the lobes. 00˚32'14.7"N, 077˚31'53.6"W, 2016 m, 7 February 2013, Unbranched shrub to tree 1–5 m tall, glabrous Grant, J.R & J. Cortina 13-5114 (NY); 6 km south of La throughout. Stems terete below to quadrangular above, Bonita, 00˚27'27.1"N, 077˚32'20.8"W, 1903 m, 7 February hollow, 6–12 mm in diameter just below the inflorescence. 2013, Grant, J.R & J. Cortina 13-5115 (NY). COLOMBIA. Leaves ovate to ovate-elliptic, sessile to long-petiolate, Caquetá: Comisaría del Caquetá, Cordillera Oriental, (16)21–47 cm long. Petioles 0–60 mm, slender with very vertiente oriental, Sucre, orillas del Río Hacha, matorrales, slight vagination; interpetiolar ridge 1–2 mm. Blades 1000 m, 3 April 1940, Cuatrecasas, J. 9034 (COL [2 sheets], 16–41 × 9–20 cm, entire, not revolute, bright green, with US); San José de la Fragua, Serrania de Los Churumbelos, slightly impressed veins above, and slightly raised veins Vereda Las Palmas, parte alta de Río Yuruyaco, below, glabrous above and below, papery thin; blade base 01˚20'55"N, 76˚6'11"W, 900 m, 20 September 2000, aequilateral to slightly oblique, cuneate to attenuate and Mendoza, H.
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