DOCSLIB.ORG

Wooden Heritage Conservation: Beyond Disciplines 30Th September – 2Nd October, 2019 Bilbao

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Wooden Heritage Conservation: Beyond Disciplines 30Th September – 2Nd October, 2019 Bilbao 978-0-6485799-1-5 22nd IIWC International Symposium Wooden Heritage Conservation: beyond disciplines 30th September – 2nd October, 2019 Bilbao 978-0-6485799-1-5 Proceedings Editors Dr. Tanya L. Park, Australia 1 ISBN 978-0-6485799-1-5 Preface and Acknowledgements Since the ICOMOS International Wood Committee, IIWC, was established in 1975, the need for a set of conservation principles has been a continuous theme in the Committee’s ongoing discussions and activities. In a session of the of the 19th General Assembly of ICOMOS held in Delhi on 15th December 2017 the new IIWC ‘Principles for the Conservation of the Wooden Built Heritage’ were adopted as ICOMOS doctrinal text. These new ‘Principles’ replace those adopted previously in 1999. After the success of the 2018 symposium organized in York (UK), the challenge was to take a step further with the organization in the Basque country of a symposium and a course intended to amplify the effort in order to give a focus of a holistic approach to wooden heritage conservation that extends beyond structures to include together with the materiality of wood construction, its complex intangible side. Its scope included the diversity of professions involved, possible approaches and processes, from a global perspective and their adaptations to the conservation of local wooden heritage. This document is the publication, result of the papers presented at the 22nd IIWC International Symposium, held in Bilbao between September 29 and 2 October 2019, under the umbrella of the Summer Courses of the University of the Basque Country. This Symposium wouldn’t have been possible without the support, help and involvement of many people and organizations. Their invaluable help has been crucial not only to make a success of participation, both in number and in quality of international experts, but to raise awareness among local Institutions, and professionals. Thus, together with the rich scientific exchange among participants, the event has helped to connect also with locals. The event begun with a day-excursion to visit wooden heritage of Bizkaia and Araba, and specifically, the extraordinary Añana Salt Valley Cultural Landscape, and two also extraordinary wooden vaulted churches: Sta. María Goikouria in Orozko and S. Andrés in Ibarrangelu. Especial thanks to the following institutions for their help, support and economic contribution: . Bizkaia Regional Council – Diputación Foral de Bizkaia, and its Director-General of Culture, Andoni Iturbe who introduced the Symposium in Bilbao. Gipuzkoa Regional Council - Diputación Foral de Gipuzkoa, and its Director of Culture, María José Telleria, the Chair of Heritage Conservation Gabriela Vives, and Heritage Conservation Architects, Josu Maroto and Ainara Iroz, who also accompanied us during the whole both events in Bilbao and San Sebastian. Araba Regional Council – Diputación Foral de Álava, and the Deputy of Basque Language, Culture and Sports, who welcomed us in Añana Salt Valley, and Chair of Heritage Service, Txema Villanueva who also attended both Bilbao and San Sebastian events. Baskegur. Basque Wood Association, and its CEO Oskar Azkarate, who welcomed us in both Bilbao and San Sebastian events. ICOMOS. Spanish national Committee, with its President Alicia Castillo, that also joined us in Bilbao. Fundación Valle Salado de Añana, for their welcome to the, so-special site, for their help, and specifically to the General Manager, Andoni Erkiaga, and the Director of Culture, Alberto Plata. 2 The Symposium and Course wouldn’t have been possible without the help, organization and hosting of: . GPAC. Grupo de Investigación del Patrimonio Construído-Built Heritage Research Group. UPV/EHU. Unesco Chair on Cultural Landscapes and Heritage - Cátedra Unesco Paisajes Culturales y Patrimonio. With thanks to its chair, Professor Agustin Azkarate, and to Architect María Peraita for her coordination work. UPV-EHU, Cursos de Verano, Summer Courses, and the work done by Aintzane Gereñu and Ainhoa Urbieta. Thank you to the organizations and institutions that helped with the visits and welcomed us to the sites: . Itsasmuseum Bilbao, with its Director Jon Ruigomez, the Naval Carpenter, Jon Ispizua and Heritage Conservator, Carmen López. Albaola Itsas Kultur Faktoria – The Sea Factory of the Basques, and its Director Xabier Agote. The community of Orozko, for the visit to Santa María de Goikuria, and the lunch outside the church. La Antigua Hermitage and Raquel Moreiro for the guided tour. Pamplona City Council for welcoming us to the Condestable Palace, and to the Conservation Architects Jesús Leache and Fernando Tabuenca, the latter having attended both Bilbao and San Sebastian events. Igartubeitia farm museum farm for the quick visit to the wooden cider press. And last but not least, thank you to the team that made this possible: Teresa Artola, for her irreplaceable and intense work, and to Alazne Ochandiano and Iker Gómez Iborra. Thanks to Tanya Park for the work of collecting and publishing of this proceedings. The experience, continues the long tradition of Symposia organized by the committee. May the contacts and exchanges that resulted in the event serve to raise interest in the conservation of wooden heritage, and in to increase of the community interested in it, here and elsewhere. This is one of the main goals of the International Wood Committee of ICOMOS. I hope the content of this proceedings are of interest to the reader. Mikel Landa President of the ICOMOS International Wood Committee Bilbao, August 2020.1 1 Front cover photograph, M. Landa 3 Table of Contents T. Artola-Guijarro, Wooden churches in the Basque Country: barrel vaults roofs …………………5 V. Flores Sasso, P. Prieto Gicioso, G. Feernandez Flores, R. Carreras Rivery,, Non-destructive techniques (ndt) for the study of wooden structures in historic building…………......…………14 F. Pompejano, Traditional timber roof structures in Albania through the analysis of the Albanian ethnographic sources ……………………………………………………………………………20 M. Maloney and A. Fearon, Experiment in the Desert: the Investigation and Assessment of Frank Lloyd Wright’s Dining Room at Taliesin West ………………………………………………...31 J. A. Sobon, Timber Frame Conservation: Keeping the Traditional Craft Alive …………………52 Y. Pan, Historic versus in history: a treatise of refelections on the regeneration and conservation plan of En’ning road historic district of Guangzhou, China…………………………………….58 S. Unno, Securing system of wooden materials for preservation in Japan……………………........67 M. S. Sulaiman, Challenges in the Relocation Process of Conserving the Vernacular Architecture of the Negeri Sembilan Traditional Malay House………………………………………………74 T. L. Park, Architectural Historic Wooden Preservation in Japan: Documentation and the Dissemination of Knowledge…………..…………………………………………………….....85 T. Sasaki, Towards a sustainable wooden heritage without designated by the Government Actual conditions of Buddhist temple and their repair technicians in Japan……………………………93 I. M. O. Llerenas, M. de Guadalupe Zepeda Martínez, The temporary architecture built with wood and the property of land and urban real estate development…………………………………...101 E. Morton, Wollaton Hall – Prospect room floor………………………………………………....108 K.-M. Melin and H. Ranta, Historic Carpentry Art in The Diocese of Lund..................................115 S. Koc, A. Arslan, S. Çobanthe, Role of the stakeholders in the reconstruction of the wooden elements of Fuadiye Mosque…………………………………………………………………..128 M. Hallgren, The roof of Skokloster House seen through a carpenter´s eyes - 9000 hours of specialist restoration in wood…………………………………………………………………..137 J. Rodriguez, U. Gaztelu, J. L. Solaun, V. Dalla Stellaa, Digital tool for BIM software to improve the data management in built heritage interventions: the case of Garai Urtuena farmhouse.....144 T. Wik, Preservation and development of villages in the District of Dalarna in Sweden ………..157 K. Dundas, Scottish renaissance painted timber decoration: the quest for a holistic conservation approach……………………………………………………………………………………..…178 Y. Yanchyshyn M. Stachiw, Conservation of Wooden Tserkvas in Ukraine: A New Initiative…188 4 Wooden churches in the Basque Country: barrel vaults roofs Teresa ARTOLA-GUIJARRO PhD candidate, Architect, Built Heritage Research Group (GPAC), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Spain [email protected] Abstract During the 15th and 16th centuries, dozens of small churches and parishes in the Basque Country were renovated thanks to a previous improvement of the techniques of wood scaffolding that prefigured a space modulation and an empirical knowledge of the (load and tensions) forces calculation with greater difficulty than the stonework. In this region with important forest resources and a municipal property regime that protected its communal goods, the wood builders maintained a natural dialogue with their resources and devised original and economic solutions for these unusual carpentry roofs that are developed in a very limited geographical area, of just 2000 square kilometres. Its 3 typologies (vaults, trusses and rafter/purlin) were limited to the construction of the roof structure and were the result of its ability to synthesize various cultural and economic factors. Through the presentation of 3 examples located in Orozko (Bizkaia), the structure of its wooden vaults and the intervention techniques used during the recent conservation processes will be analysed. Key words: wood, church, Basque Country, intervention, methodology
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Previous Studies
    ABSTRACTS OF THE CONGRESS 1.- PREVIOUS STUDIES 1.1.- Multidisciplinary studies (historical, archaeological, etc.). 30 ANALYSIS AND PROPOSAL OF RENOVATION CRITERIA AT THE BUILDING HEADQUARTER OF THE PUBLIC WORKS REGIONAL MINISTER IN CASTELLÓN (GAY AND JIMÉNEZ, 1962) Martín Pachés, Alba; Serrano Lanzarote, Begoña; Fenollosa Forner, Ernesto ……...... 32 NEW CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE STUDY OF THE HERMITAGES SETTING AROUND CÁCERES Serrano Candela, Francisco ……...... 55 THE ORIENTATION OF THE ROMANESQUE CHURCHES OF VAL D’ARAN IN SPAIN (11TH-13TH CENTURIES) Josep Lluis i Ginovart; Mónica López Piquer ……...... 73 SANTO ANTÔNIO CONVENT IN IGARASSU, PE – REGISTER OF AN INTERVENTION Guzzo, Ana Maria Moraes; Nóbrega, Claudia ……...... 104 DONIBANE N134: HISTORICAL-CONSTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS OF LATE MEDIEVAL VILLAGE MANOR HOUSE IN PASAIA (GIPUZKOA - SPAIN) Luengas-Carreño, Daniel; Crespo de Antonio, Maite; Sánchez-Beitia, Santiago ……...... 126 CONSERVATION OF PREFABRICATED RESIDENTIAL HERITAGE OF THE CENTURY XX. JEAN PROUVÉ’S WORK Bueno-Pozo, Verónica; Ramos-Carranza, Amadeo ……...... 169 COMPARED ANALYSIS AS A CONSERVATION INSTRUMENT.THE CASE OF THE “MASSERIA DEL VETRANO” (ITALY) Pagliuca, Antonello; Trausi, Pier Pasquale ……...... 172 THE INTERRELATION BETWEEN ARCHITECTURAL CONCEPTION AND STRUCTURE OF THE DOM BOSCO SANCTUARY THROUGH THE RECOUPERATION OF ITS DESIGN Oliveira, Iberê P.; Brandão, Jéssica; Pantoja, João C.; Santoro, Aline M. C. ……...... 177 THE SILVER ROAD THROUGH COLONIAL CHRONICLES. TOOLS FOR THE ANALYSIS AND ENHANCEMENT OF HISTORIC LANDSCAPE Malvarez, María Florencia ……...... 202 ANTHROPIC TRANSFORMATIONS AND NATURAL DECAY IN URBAN HISTORIC AGGREGATES: ANALYSIS AND CRITERIA FOR CATANIA (ITALY) Alessandro Lo Faro; Angela Moschella; Angelo Salemi; Giulia Sanfilippo ……...... 216 THE BRICK BUILT FAÇADES OF TIERRA DE PINARES IN SEGOVIA. THE CASE OF PINARNEGRILLO Gustavo Arcones-Pascual; Santiago Bellido-Blanco; David Villanueva-Valentín-Gamazo; Alberto Arcones-Pascual …….....
    [Show full text]
  • Pais Vasco 2018
    The País Vasco Maribel’s Guide to the Spanish Basque Country © Maribel’s Guides for the Sophisticated Traveler ™ August 2018 [email protected] Maribel’s Guides © Page !1 INDEX Planning Your Trip - Page 3 Navarra-Navarre - Page 77 Must Sees in the País Vasco - Page 6 • Dining in Navarra • Wine Touring in Navarra Lodging in the País Vasco - Page 7 The Urdaibai Biosphere Reserve - Page 84 Festivals in the País Vasco - Page 9 • Staying in the Urdaibai Visiting a Txakoli Vineyard - Page 12 • Festivals in the Urdaibai Basque Cider Country - Page 15 Gernika-Lomo - Page 93 San Sebastián-Donostia - Page 17 • Dining in Gernika • Exploring Donostia on your own • Excursions from Gernika • City Tours • The Eastern Coastal Drive • San Sebastián’s Beaches • Inland from Lekeitio • Cooking Schools and Classes • Your Western Coastal Excursion • Donostia’s Markets Bilbao - Page 108 • Sociedad Gastronómica • Sightseeing • Performing Arts • Pintxos Hopping • Doing The “Txikiteo” or “Poteo” • Dining In Bilbao • Dining in San Sebastián • Dining Outside Of Bilbao • Dining on Mondays in Donostia • Shopping Lodging in San Sebastián - Page 51 • Staying in Bilbao • On La Concha Beach • Staying outside Bilbao • Near La Concha Beach Excursions from Bilbao - Page 132 • In the Parte Vieja • A pretty drive inland to Elorrio & Axpe-Atxondo • In the heart of Donostia • Dining in the countryside • Near Zurriola Beach • To the beach • Near Ondarreta Beach • The Switzerland of the País Vasco • Renting an apartment in San Sebastián Vitoria-Gasteiz - Page 135 Coastal
    [Show full text]
  • Minute Man National Historical Park Concord, Massachusetts
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Historic Architecture Program Northeast Region BATTLE ROAD STRUCTURE SURVEY PHASE II (Phase I included as Appendix) Minute Man National Historical Park Concord, Massachusetts Historic Architecture Program Olmsted Center for Landscape Preservation October 2005 Minute Man National Historical Park Battle Road Structure Survey Table of Contents Introduction…………………………………………………………………..…………...1 Use Types with Associated Uses for Historic Structures and Associated Landscapes…………………………………………………..………….4 Impact Assessment per Structure and Landscape……………………...…...………...6 Specific Sites: John Nelson House, Barn and Landscape……………………………….……7 Farwell Jones House, James Carty Barn and Landscape…………………...17 McHugh Barn and Landscape…………………………………………………27 Major John Buttrick House and Landscape…………………………...…….32 Noah Brooks Tavern, Rogers Barn and Landscape……………...…………38 Stow- Hardy House, Hovagimian Garage and Landscape…………………46 Joshua Brooks Jr. House and Landscape……………………………………..50 George Hall House and Landscape…………………………………………...54 Gowing- Clarke House and Landscape………………………………………59 Samuel Brooks House and Landscape………………………………………..62 Appendix (Phase I Report)…………………..…………………………………………65 Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………...92 i Introduction Purpose of Project The Minute Man National Historical Park Battle Road Structure Survey project was completed in two phases. Phase I, completed in October 2004, determined an impact assessment for the 14 structures and 10 sites included in the project.
    [Show full text]
  • Servants' Passage
    SERVANTS’ PASSAGE: Cultural identity in the architecture of service in British and American country houses 1740-1890 2 Volumes Volume 1 of 2 Aimée L Keithan PhD University of York Archaeology March 2020 Abstract Country house domestic service is a ubiquitous phenomenon in eighteenth and nineteenth century Britain and America. Whilst shared architectural and social traditions between the two countries are widely accepted, distinctive cultural identity in servant architecture remains unexplored. This thesis proposes that previously unacknowledged cultural differences between British and American domestic service can be used to rewrite narratives and re-evaluate the significance of servant spaces. It uses the service architecture itself as primary source material, relying on buildings archaeology methodologies to read the physical structures in order to determine phasing. Archival sources are mined for evidence of individuals and household structure, which is then mapped onto the architecture, putting people into their spaces over time. Spatial analysis techniques are employed to reveal a more complex service story, in both British and American houses and within Anglo-American relations. Diverse spatial relationships, building types and circulation channels highlight formerly unrecognised service system variances stemming from unique cultural experiences in areas like race, gender and class. Acknowledging the more nuanced relationship between British and American domestic service restores the cultural identity of country house servants whose lives were not only shaped by, but who themselves helped shape the architecture they inhabited. Additionally, challenging accepted narratives by re-evaluating domestic service stories provides a solid foundation for a more inclusive country house heritage in both nations. This provides new factors on which to value modern use of servant spaces in historic house museums, expanding understanding of their relevance to modern society.
    [Show full text]
  • Common Reed for Thatching in Northern Germany: Estimating the Market Potential of Reed of Regional Origin
    resources Article Common Reed for Thatching in Northern Germany: Estimating the Market Potential of Reed of Regional Origin Lea Becker, Sabine Wichmann and Volker Beckmann * Faculty of Law and Economics & Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Soldmannstr. 15, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany; [email protected] (L.B.); [email protected] (S.W.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-3834-420-4122 Received: 1 October 2020; Accepted: 12 December 2020; Published: 16 December 2020 Abstract: Reed has a long tradition as locally available thatching material, but nowadays thatch is a globally traded commodity. Germany and other major importing countries such as the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and Denmark rely on high import rates to meet the national consumption. This study aimed at providing a detailed picture of the thatching reed market in Northern Germany and at assessing the market potential for reed of regional origin. A written survey among all thatchers in Northern Germany was carried out in 2019, arriving at an effective sample of 47 out of 141 companies. The results revealed that for the responding companies the majority of the reed (59%) was used for rethatching roofs completely, 24% for newly constructed roofs, and 17% for roof repairs. Reed from Germany held a low share of 17% of the total consumption in 2018. Own reed harvesting was conducted by less than 9% of the responding companies and given up during the last decades by another 26%. The total market volume of reed for thatching in Northern Germany was estimated for 2018 with a 95% confidence interval at 3 0.8 million bundles of reed with a monetary value at ± sales prices of ¿11.6 2.8 million.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparing the Basque Diaspora
    COMPARING THE BASQUE DIASPORA: Ethnonationalism, transnationalism and identity maintenance in Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Peru, the United States of America, and Uruguay by Gloria Pilar Totoricagiiena Thesis submitted in partial requirement for Degree of Doctor of Philosophy The London School of Economics and Political Science University of London 2000 1 UMI Number: U145019 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U145019 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Theses, F 7877 7S/^S| Acknowledgments I would like to gratefully acknowledge the supervision of Professor Brendan O’Leary, whose expertise in ethnonationalism attracted me to the LSE and whose careful comments guided me through the writing of this thesis; advising by Dr. Erik Ringmar at the LSE, and my indebtedness to mentor, Professor Gregory A. Raymond, specialist in international relations and conflict resolution at Boise State University, and his nearly twenty years of inspiration and faith in my academic abilities. Fellowships from the American Association of University Women, Euskal Fundazioa, and Eusko Jaurlaritza contributed to the financial requirements of this international travel.
    [Show full text]
  • A Self-Guided Walking Tour of Montrose Park
    A SELF-GUIDED WALKING TOUR OF MONTROSE PARK Montrose Park Historic District Association Our mission is to promote, preserve, and beautify the Montrose Park Historic District, maintain its integrity, and enhance the quality of life for all residents. Montrose Park Historic District Association is a non-profit, tax exempt organization under the IRS Code 501(c)(3) MONTROSE PARK HISTORIC DISTRICT ASSOCIATION This walking tour celebrates the rich architectural heritage concentrated in South Orange and particularly in the Montrose Park neighborhood, which has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1997. This tour doesn’t cover every house but highlights some of the more interesting homes in a structured leisurely walk that you can complete in about an hour. MPHDA thanks Janet Foster, a historic preservation consultant, for her assistance in curating the stops on this walk and for the written commentary, both about the houses featured and the development of the area we call Montrose Park. Walking instructions are in RED; Individual house addresses are in bold. BEGIN THE TOUR IN GROVE PARK, NEAR THE INTERSECTION OF GROVE ROAD AND RALSTON AVENUE A LITTLE BACKGROUND ON THE ORIGINS OF MONTROSE PARK In the mid-19th century, the Oranges were both traditional farming communities and emerging “resort” areas. “Mountain Station” was established by the 1840s along the Morris & Essex Railroad to serve the Mountain House, a fashionable hotel and spa located on the hill behind the Mountain Station. It advertised that South Orange and the hill to its west made it the “Switzerland of America”. Clearly, most people visiting had not been to Switzerland, or had even seen the Rockies.
    [Show full text]
  • BEDFORDSHIRE ARC' OLOGY VOLUME 24 BEDFORDSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGY Formerly Issued As Bedfordshire Archaeological Journal
    %C. _ I 'Ir:L-0 7 411 aa radlialiglat fi f! ii if Pde. ".1 !! U Il h 1 Hfini '? - u -./NRa- 1=1, -CL) BEDFORDSHIRE ARC' OLOGY VOLUME 24 BEDFORDSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGY formerly issued as Bedfordshire Archaeological Journal is published by the BEDFORDSHRE ARCHAEOLOGICAL COUNCIL BEDFORDSHIRE ARCHAEOLOGY volume 24, 2001 Additional copies and previous volumes may be obtained from the Sales Officer, Michael Dawson, Wykes Farm, Aliens Hill, Bozeat, Northamptonshire, NN29 7LW. Regular sub- scribers can receive each new volume as it is published at an advantageous price. Please note that Bedfordshire Archaeology is not published every year; the rate of publication is dependent on the receipt of sufficient suitable contributions and fimding. The Council also publishes an occasional monograph series in conjunction with Bedfordshire County Council. Contributions should be sent to the Editor, Bedfordshire Archaeology, 6 Neale Way, Wootton, Bedfordshire, MK43 9EP (Tel. 01234 297539). Intending contributors are advised to refer to the current volume for guidance on the formatting of articles. Bedfordshire Archaeological Council: Officers 2001 Chairman Ron Fowler Secretary John Bailey Teasurer Peter Wood Editor Stephen Coleman Monograph Editor Michael Dawson Sales Officer Michael Dawson together with representatives from the archaeological societies and museums of the county: Ampthill and District Archaeological and Local History Society Bedford Archaeological and Local History Society Bedford Museum, Bedford Borough Council Bedfordshire, Buckinghamshire and
    [Show full text]
  • List of House Types
    List of house types This is a list of house types. Houses can be built in a • Assam-type House: a house commonly found in large variety of configurations. A basic division is be- the northeastern states of India.[2] tween free-standing or Single-family houses and various types of attached or multi-user dwellings. Both may vary • Barraca: a traditional style of house originated in greatly in scale and amount of accommodation provided. Valencia, Spain. Is a historical farm house from the Although there appear to be many different types, many 12th century BC to the 19th century AD around said of the variations listed below are purely matters of style city. rather than spatial arrangement or scale. Some of the terms listed are only used in some parts of the English- • Barndominium: a type of house that includes liv- speaking world. ing space attached to either a workshop or a barn, typically for horses, or a large vehicle such as a recreational vehicle or a large recreational boat. 1 Detached single-unit housing • Bay-and-gable: a type of house typically found in the older areas of Toronto. Main article: Single-family detached home • Bungalow: any simple, single-storey house without any basement. • A-frame: so-called because of the appearance of • the structure, namely steep roofline. California Bungalow • Addison house: a type of low-cost house with metal • Cape Cod: a popular design that originated in the floors and cavity walls made of concrete blocks, coastal area of New England, especially in eastern mostly built in the United Kingdom and in Ireland Massachusetts.
    [Show full text]
  • Hunsdon Village Centre Contains Many Old Houses, Some Known to Date Back to at Least the 15Th Century. There Are No Known Dwelli
    Hunsdon village centre contains many old houses, some known to date back to at least the 15th century. There are no known dwellings dating back before about this time, although a few old hall houses in the area are probably older, and Hunsdon was registered in the Domesday Book (1086). The village centre is dominated by what is today the Village Hall. This had previously been the village school before the more modern one was built further up Widford Road. This building was originally believed to be a house called Harlowes, owned by John Harlowe in the 15th century, which overlooked Harlowes Green, one of the 5 Greens in the Parish, and which is now the Crown public house car park and a small green on which stands the War Memorial. It was certainly being run as a school in 1806, when Mrs Calvert of Hunsdon House was assisting the then schoolmistress.The Calverts were instrumental in enlarging and adding to the building about that time to improve the features of the school.The two adjoining houses were probably built on by the Calverts in about 1817 when major renovation by them was being undertaken to the school building, to make a more attractive centre for the village. To the right of the Village Hall is a 15th century house, called White Horses because of the two carved brackets either side of the front.These were probably added by one of the owners in the early 18th century, however the bay window on the side was added in the 19th century.This 3 storey house, much modified over the centuries, contrasts strangely with the apparently matching two storey but much later 17th century Rose Cottage on the left of the group, previously called Ivy Cottage.
    [Show full text]
  • Basques in the San Francisco Bay Area
    1FESP+0JBS[BCBMXBTCPSOBOESBJTFE 6SB[BOEJCJMEVNBLNVOEVBO[FIBS JO#JMCBPBOEIBTTQFOUNVDIPGIJTMJGF EBVEFOFVTLBMFUYFOBHVTJFOFO CFUXFFO UIF #BTRVF $PVOUSZ *SFMBOE IJTUPSJBKBTPU[FBEVIFMCVSV BOEUIF6OJUFE4UBUFT)FIPMETB1I% BU[FSSJSBUVUBLPFVTLBMEVOPO JO#BTRVF4UVEJFT1PMJUJDBM4DJFODFGSPN CJ[JQFOFUBOPJOBSSJUVUB UIF6OJWFSTJUZPG/FWBEB 3FOP BOEJTB 63";"/%* 7JTJUJOH 3FTFBSDI 4DIPMBS BU UIF 0SBM )JTUPSZ 1SPHSBN 6OJWFSTJUZ PG /FWBEB 3FOP "NPOH IJT QVCMJDBUJPOT BSF -B -BDPMFDDJwO6SB[BOEJ ²BMMFOEF *EFOUJEBE 7BTDB FO FM .VOEP #BTRVF MPTNBSFT³ SFDPHFMBIJTUPSJBEFMPT *EFOUJUZ JO UIF8PSME BOE " $BOEMF JO QSJODJQBMFTDFOUSPTWBTDPTEFMNVOEP UIF /JHIU #BTRVF 4UVEJFT BU UIF CBTBEBFOMPTUFTUJNPOJPTEFQSJNFSB 6OJWFSTJUZPG/FWBEB )F JT NBOPEFBRVnMMPTRVFFNJHSBSPO DVSSFOUMZBXBJUJOHUIFQVCMJDBUJPOPGIJT WPMVNF FOUJUMFE 5IF #BTRVF %JBTQPSB 4"/'3"/$*4$0 8FCTDBQF 5IF6SB[BOEJ ²GSPNPWFSTFBT³ $PMMFDUJPODPNQJMFTUIFIJTUPSZPGUIF NPTUJNQPSUBOU#BTRVF$MVCTBMMPWFS UIF8PSME CBTFEPOGJSTUIBOE NFNPSJFTPGUIPTFXIPFNJHSBUFE -BDPMMFDUJPO6SB[BOEJ ²PVUSFNFS³ SFDFVJMMFMFTIJTUPJSFTEFTQSJODJQBVY DFOUSFTCBTRVFTEVNPOEFCBTnTTVS 4"/'3"/$*4$0 MFTUnNPJHOBHFTEJSFDUTEFDFVYRVJ nNJHSoSFOU *4#/ Chaleco Urazandi 23.indd 1 24/4/09 09:47:42 UUrazandirazandi 2233 SSanan Francisco.inddFrancisco.indd 2 33/4/09/4/09 112:25:402:25:40 23 GARDENERS OF IDENTITY: BASQUES IN THE SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA by Pedro J. Oiarzabal LEHENDAKARITZA PRESIDENCIA Eusko Jaurlaritzaren Argitalpen Zerbitzu Nagusia Servicio Central de Publicaciones del Gobierno Vasco Vitoria-Gasteiz, 2009 UUrazandirazandi 2233 SSanan Francisco.inddFrancisco.indd
    [Show full text]
  • The Question of Federal Day Care Programs on a Mass Cognitive And
    DOCUMENT RESUME ED 053 307 AA 000 703 AUTHOR Grotberg, Edith H., Ed. TITLE Day Care: Resources for Decisions. INSTITUTION Office of Economic Opportunity, Washington, D.C. Office of Planning, Research, and Evaluation. PUB DATE Jun 71 NOTE 494p. ERRS PRICE EDRS Price MF-$0.65 HC-$16.45 DESCRIPTORS *Behavior Change, *Child Development, *Cognitive Processes, Community Involvement, *Day Care Services, Family Life, *Federal Aid, Federal Programs, Interaction Process Analysis, Parent Participation, Personnel Data, Program Evaluation ABSTRACT The question of federal day care programs on a mass scale oriented toward influencing family life is discussed, and a number of issues concerning the behavioral and social effects of such a system are raised. This document is divided into six parts. Part I discusses the following: Jay care settings--social, cultural, and anthropological considerations. This part examines day care programs in Denmark, Czechoslovakia, and Israel. It expresses the need for diversity ia American day care programs and concludes with a historical background of day care in America up to the present. Part II presents an overview of child development and day care programs, examines the social and emotional development of young children, cognitive and language development in day care programs, principles of behavior acquisition and modification, the roles of motivation in learning, and behavior technology applied to day care. Part III covers adult-child interaction and personalized day care, parent involvement in early education, and parent training programs and community involvement in day care. Part IV discussed program supports and explores such areas as health support in ddy care, the relation of malnutrition to early development, and social work and supplementary services.
    [Show full text]