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Three Species of Sawflies (Symphyta: Pamphiliidae, Argidae, Tenthredinidae) New for the Fauna of Slovakia

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Three Species of Sawflies (Symphyta: Pamphiliidae, Argidae, Tenthredinidae) New for the Fauna of Slovakia 6–71RYHPEHU 2019, Brno, Czech Republic Three species of sawflies (Symphyta: Pamphiliidae, Argidae, Tenthredinidae) new for the fauna of Slovakia Attila Balazs1, Attila Haris2 1Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture Mendel University in Brno Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno CZECH REPUBLIC 2H–1076, Garay street 19 2/20, Budapest HUNGARY [email protected] Abstract: In 2019, we initiated a research focusing on sawflies in the south of Central Slovakia at the Upland called Cerová vrchovina. During this investigation we found three new species for Slovakia. Up to date, 654 species are recorded from this country. Euura calcicola (Benson, 1948) is for the first time reported from the Carpathian Basin. Furthermore, Aprosthema austriacum (Konow, 1892) and Pseudocephaleia praeteritorum (Semenov, 1934) are new findings for Slovakia. Key Words: entomology, insects, faunistics, first records, Cerová vrchovina Upland INTRODUCTION Roller and Haris (2008) published the 250 years' results of the sawlfy faunistics of the Carpathian Basin listing 635 species from Slovakia. Since 2008 papers of Roller (2010), Roller and Olšovský (2012) and Roller and Macek (2017) extended our knowledge of the sawfly fauna of Slovakia. This year, the investigation of Cerová vrchovina Upland, conducted by the first author, resulted three new sawfly species for the fauna of the country. At first, Pseudocephaleia praeteritorum (Semenov, 1934) from the family Pamphiliidae and subfamily Pamphiliinae, the other species, Aprosthema austriacum (Konow, 1892) belongs to family Argidae and subfamily Sterictiphorinae and finally Euura calcicola (Benson, 1948) represents the family Tenthredinidae, subfamily Nematinae. Their chara- cteristic traits, distribution and further details are discussed in detail. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cerová vrchovina Upland The studied area takes place in the south of Central Slovakia along the state border with Hungary in the historical counties of Nógrád and Gömör. It belongs to the Western Carpathians mountainous range in Slovakia and to the Matricum floristic region from the geobotanic point of view. The geomorphological unit contains the Cerová vrchovina Protected Landscape Area which was established in 1989 for the protection of unique geological relief with a natural landscape formations. Flora is exceptionally diversified with over 1300 species and subspecies which is promising for the next investigations on herbivorous hymenopterans. The most common associations are sessile oak-hornbeam forests, beech woods and pasture scrubs, whereas acidophilous oaks, slope- and rocky-mixed oak woods and rock scrubs are sparse or rare. Semi-dry hay meadows and pasturelands are common in the area, but tall-herbs, herb-rich vegetation of springs and slope steppes are rare. Robinia pseudoacacia and Pinus sp. cover sizeable area threatening autochthonous vegetation. Clime is warm, extremely dry with moderate winter, but can be also warm and moderately dry with cold winter. There is a little to say about the hydrologic values of the area since even the bigger streams tend to have low water heights or they drought out during summers. Data collecting The specimens were obtained by sweeping net from the grass and shrubs. The specimens were pinned and deposited in the Rippl-Rónai Museum in Kaposvár in Hungary. 243 6–71RYHPEHU 2019, Brno, Czech Republic RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Family: Pamphiliidae Subfamily: Pamphiliinae Pseudocephaleia praeteritorum (Semenov, 1934) Dictyolyda praeteritorum Semenov, 1934: 64, 66. Cephalcia pseudoreticulata Zombori, 1967: 461–463. (synonymy by Benes, 1972) Pseudocephaleia brachycercus Zirngiebl, 1937: 339–340. (synonymy by Blank, 1996) Material examined: 1 female, Jestice (Jeszte), Nagy-somos, 48°12′47.667″N, 20°2′37.664″E, 240 m a.s.l., 3.v.2019, collected by Jan Bezděk. The species can be confused with dried and faded Caenolyda reticulata (Linnaeus, 1758). In living form, the bright red colour of C. reticulata clearly differentiates in both species. In dried specimens, the most reliable separating character is the upper branch of the subcostal vein. It is pretty long and close to the stigma in C. reticulata while in P. praeteritorum it is very short and hardly exceed the lover branch (see Figure 1). Furthermore, P. praeteritorum has long subapical tooth of claw, while this subapical tooth is missing in C. reticulata. Pseudocephaleia praeteritorum (Semenov, 1934) is a Palaearctic species firstly recorded from Slovakia. The species is known from Albania (Zirngiebl 1937), Azerbaijan (Altai Figure 1 Wing veins of two simbling species Mountains) (Semenov 1934), China (Xiao 2000), of Pseudocephaleia praeteritorum and P. reticulata Croatia (Vitasaari 2002), Italy (Beneš 1972, (Achterberg and Artsen 1986) Liston 1995, Taeger et al. 2006), Romania (Zombori 1967), Russia (Sundukov 2017) and Turkey (Kemal and Koçak 2013). Only two specimens are known from the Carpathian Basin so far, one female from Vászoly (North of Lake Balaton) collected on 23rd April 1984 (Shinohara and Zombori 1997, Roller and Haris 2008) and one female from Borosjenő (Ineu, West Transylvania) collected on 10th April 1921 (Zombori 1967, Roller and Haris 2008). Family: Argidae Subfamily: Sterictiphorinae Euura calcicola (Benson, 1948) Pachynematus calcicola Benson, 1948: 60–65. Material examined: 1 female, Tachty (Tajti), valley of Meleg-hegy Hill, 48°09′00.627″N 19°55′48.136″E, 290 m a.s.l., 1.v.2019, collected by Attila Balázs. The taxonomic position of this species is complicated. Taeger and Blank (1998) synonymised this species with Pachynematus xanthocarpus (Hartig, 1840). Liston and Spath (2004) revised the species based on two distinguishing characters: 1) dark hairs of sawsheath, 2) relatively lighter colour. Lighter colour is definitely not a distinguishing mark, since Euura fallax (Serville, 1823) (formerly Pachynematus xanthocarpus (Hartig, 1840)) is variable in colour. The remaining character can be also infraspecific character as stated by Taeger and Blank (1998). This species needs further revision and genetic analysis. Now, the status of this species is valid and discussed as a valid species in the latest world catalogue of Symphyta (Taeger et al. 2010). First record for Slovakia and even for the Carpathian Basin. West Palaearctic species, known from Austria (Schedl 1976), Czech Republic (Beneš 1989), France (Chevin 1984, Lacourt 1974), Germany (Liston and Späth 2004, Liston 1995, Taeger et al. 2006), The Netherlands (Mol 2019), Great Britain (Benson 1948), Ireland (Liston 1995) and Switzerland (Liston 1995). Three recorded males from Kerekegyháza: Kondor-tó, Dömsöd: Apaj-puszta and Ócsa published by Zombori from Hungary 244 6–71RYHPEHU 2019, Brno, Czech Republic (Zombori 1985) proved to be identical with Euura clitellata (Serville, 1823) (better known as Pachynematus clitellatus (Serville, 1823)) after genitalia studies (Haris 2001). Family: Tenthredinidae Subfamily: Nematinae Aprosthema austriacum (Konow, 1892) Schizocera austriaca Konow, 1892: 17, 21. Material examined: 1 female, Čamovce (Csomatelke): Isten–hegy Hill, 48°14′19.758″N 19°53′23.016″E, 220 m a.s.l., 20.iv.2019, collected by Attila Balázs. The newly recorded species is the most similar to Aprosthema melanurum (Klug, 1834) in the Slovak fauna. The two species is very closely related, the only reliable distiguishing mark between Aprosthema melanurum (Klug, 1834) and Aprosthema austriacum (Konow, 1892) is the black last tergite of A. melanurum which is entirely red in A. austriacum. Aprosthema austriacum (Konow, 1892) is first record for Slovakia. West Palaearctic species, known from Austria (Franz 1982), Croatia, Finland, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Spain, Sweden and Ukraine (Taeger et al. 2006). In Hungary, this species sporadically occur, rather rare, known from Budapest: János-hegy and Hársbokorhegy, Mecsek, Simontornya, Szilvásvárad and Hetes (Móczár and Zombori 1973, Pillich 1918, Zombori 1996, Haris 2018, Roller and Haris 2008) In the Romanian Carpathian Mountains, it is known from Lepsa (Scobiola-Palade 1982) and we have indefinite records from Burgenland (Austria) (Schedl 1982) and Subcarpathia (Ukraine) (Ermolenko 1975) as well. CONCLUSION The exceptional value of Cerová vrchovina Upland was confirmed. During several days spent in the field during the late spring season showed three new species of sawflies for Slovakia mirroring the region’s remarkable vegetation diversity where these insects live on. In the future the research will focus also on new host plants to increase the studied area´s sawfly checklist. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We would like to express our gratitude to Vladimír Hemala (Masaryk University, Brno) and to Jan Bezděk (Mendel University in Brno) for the help with the fieldwork. REFERENCES Achterberg, C. van, Aartsen, B. van 1986. The European Pamphiliidae (Hymenoptera: Symphyta), with special reference to The Netherlands. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 234: 1–98. Beneš, K. 1972. Generic classification of the tribe Pamphiliini (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae). Acta Entomologica Bohemoslovaca, 69(6): 378–395. Beneš, K. 1989. Symphyta. In: Šedivý, J. (ed.): Enumeratio Insectorum Bohemoslovakiae. Checklist of Czechoslovak Insects III (Hymenoptera). Acta Faunistica Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae, 19: 13–25. Benson, R.B. 1948. British sawflies of the genus Pachynematus Konow (Hym. Tenthredinidae). The Entomologist's Monthly Magazine, Fourth Series, 84(9): 58–64. Blank, S.M. 1996. Revision of the sawflies described by Lothar Zirngiebl. (Preliminary
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