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Download Download 54 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, DECEMBER U, 1885. y. EARLY NOTICE E BAS S OWNERSTH SIT F BOCSO D Y AN KB . JOHN J. REID, B.A., F.S.A. SOOT. (PLATE!.) It is not surprising that the Bass Rock, which from so many points in Lothiane th s form conspicuoua s s objece viewth n i ,t should have been at a very early period selected as an abode by one of the numerous hermits of that Christianity which came to us from the west. It is recorded by Boece (Bellenden's edition, i. 37; cf, also The Breviary of Aberdeen), o wrotwh esixteente earlth n yi h century, tha t BaldreS t d lived a solitary life upon the rock, and died there in 606 A.D., much as St Cuthbert lived and died upon one of the Fame Islands off the Northumbrian coast, some eighty years later, or as St Adrian, who, to quote Wyntoun martyres wa , dhary , upo dby e Ma Isl nf th e o "and upon haly Thurysday Saynt Adrian thai slwe in May." The name " Bass " is known elsewhere in Scotland; thus, "the Bass of Inverury n earthea s "i n mounRivee banke th th f n ro sdo Ury, saiy db traditio coveo nt plague-strickera n alludes propheccastlei a t n I i o .dt y attributed, lik mano s e y others Thomao t , e Rhymersth — "Dee and Don, they shall run on, And Twee Tayd d an shal ;n lru bonne th d y y wateAn Ur f ro Shall bea Base rth s away." t venturno o d e I upo subjece th n f disputeo t d derivation r thfo es name, but the traditional memory of the first inhabitant is still preserved abundantl e nomenclaturth n yi e districtth smala f o er fo l; islann i d Auldhame bay is yet called Baudron's Boat, a sea-worn cavity is St Baldred's Cradle tala d l rocan , namke th goe f Baudron'y eo b s s Statue, beside mainlande sth t Baldred' wellS n o d se rocd an ,th botan k s n ho Whirl, an eddy in the River Tyne. Chalmers asserts that even so e closlatelth f lass eo ya t century e sainstatua s stil,th o liwa f t l e o e churchyare seeth n ni f Prestondo . Beyond the fact of his existence the monkish legends about St EAELY NOTICES OF THE BASS KOCK AND ITS OWNERS. 55 Baldred are so utterly improbable that I do not refer to them, and accordingl e intervayth l betwee e datnth e assigne s death hi thas d a f o t, firse th t d strictlan y historical e noticBassth f ,o e extend moro st e than 700 years. In 1316, during the reign of Robert the Bruce, Robert of Lauder obtained a charter of one half of the Bass from William de Lamberton, bishop of St Andrews, a gift confirmed by a charter of John of Forfar, prior of St Andrews, the reddendo being one pound of white wax yearly to be paid at Tynyngham (Illustrations to Slezer's Theatrum Scotiai). Sir Robert of Lauder was in 1329 employed on a mission to England doubo n , t diplomati s characterit n i c paymentd an , f o t sou public funds amounting to £60 were made to him for the expense of his journeys to London and York. It has been surmised with every probability that the negotiations in which he was engaged related to the marriage of Prince David, afterwards David II., and Johanna, sister of Edward IIIn I 133 .e possesseh 0 d hereditaril e fishingth y f o s Edrington, and was keeper of Berwick Castle and Sheriff there. For a short time after David's accession Sir Robert held the high office of Chamberlain of Scotland, for he is so styled in the Chartulary of Aberdeen n i Septembe e followinth r n i 1333 d g an ;Decembe e th r Black Boole f Arbroatho also describe s holdina m hi sg this dignity. These successive notices greae pointh to t position already attainee th y db Lauders; and in 1337, I find an even more direct reference to the con- nectio r RoberSi f no printee t witth Basse n i h th dr Exchequerfo ; Soils there is an entry showing that a sum of 18s. was paid for bringing a boat r RoberSi hire r f Lauderfo do t thiy b ,s time also Justicia f Lothiao r n (justiciarius Laudonie), from the Bass to Aberdeen, " et in una batella locat domino apr o Eobert Lawedre od l Basede s usque Abirden, xvii" s. j The names of other members of the same family occur during the fourteenth century; thus, the Exchequer Rolls have preserved the fact that in 1342 William of Lauder received a fee of £20 out of a certain benefice; and in the following year £10 was paid to "William de Lawedir, senior." Another membee samth f eo r family, "Alae d n Lawedre," is mentioned in the same records as having received . 4d.3s , , "d£6 e precepto domini nostri Regis, 1359n "i . Amongse th t witnesse a charte o t s r grante n y 25t136o d t Ma hEdinburgha 0 y b , 56 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY, DECEMBER 14, 1885. Thomas Stewart, Earl of Angus, to Sir Hugh of Eglyntoun, knight, of e landth f Ormdalo s n Cowali e s "i , Ala e Lawedred n " (Hist. MSS. Commissioners' Report on the Eglinton Charters). So again, in 1360, the accounts bear the name of William of Lauder; whilst in 1369, along with John of Fawside, he accounted as bailie of Edinburgh. I am incline o thint d ke forme th tha f o tr Williamn so a e bailie s th , wa , William " senior," and not improbably a nephew of Sir Kobert Lauder e e isolateBassoth fTh . d situatio f thao n e difficultt th rock d f an ,yo approachin , seeit g o havmt e suggeste vera t da y early perio s suitait d - bility as a place of confinement for State prisoners, who were thus quite secure, and yet not far from the various residences of the Scottish kings on eithe e rForth th sid f o e. Accordingly y nexm , t referenca o t s i e e expensen 1370i th e paymenEar r 5 th f Marfo ,o lf £1 so f , o twhe n " sub arresta Eegis apud le Bass." Alan Lauder, probably the same person already named, Exchequee figureth n i s r n annuitanRolla s a s t from 1371 d froan m, 1374 onward e enjoyeh s sa 0 a salard £1 f yo justice-clerk, be-south Forth—" Ten pounds sterling yearly during the king's pleasure saithe d as ,Allan' s sallar beinyfor g justice-clerk upon the south side of the Water of Forth;" and besides this, he was also constabl f Tantalloo e n Castle, situate e mainlanth n o d d right opposite the Bass. Alan was, I apprehend, a brother of William, who was still alive, and evidently a person of importance. In 1375, I learn from e Exchequeth r Roll custumas s wa tha e h f Edinburghto r , with Walter of Cracbarry, and had been so for at least a year; whilst another reference shows that during his tenure of the same office, he had at one time Adam Foreste s colleaguehi s a r d thaan ,t thebecomd yha e bound for the balance of King David's ransom. William of Lauder died either n 137i r 13765o , probabl lattee th n ryi year arreare , s sincth hi r f esfo o accounts of the year 1375, Alan Lauder became surety along with Forester, the surviving custumar. This alone seems to render it tolerably certain that William and Alan Lauder were relatives; but the Register of the Great Seal points to their having been brothers, for on 4th June 1382 Alan succeeded his brother William in the lands of Boroughmuir. Putting together what information we possess, I think it a safe surmise of the family connections of the Lauders in this century, to regard EARLY NOTICEE BAS TH S OWNERS SIT F O ROCSD AN K . 57 Bruce's companion r e Kohere eldeBassSi th th , s f ra o ,t brothe f o r William Lauder " senior, d "Willia "an brotherso d Alantw m an e th s , a , e eldeth son f ro s William r possiblo , y nephews e referenceTh . o t s Alan Laude Exchequee th n i r r accounts, show that from 1371, whens a , already mentioned a pensio d ha n e h , " decem libra e cofrid e s regid a s tempus vitee," he had at least a good position at Court, then a matter of pecuniar s wel a ys sociaa l l import- ance. Through many accounts from 1375 downwardse b s namy hi , ma e trace s "a d custumariu e Northd s - berwyk," beginnin than i g t year with David Perysoun (Pearson) as his colleague. Alan Lauder probably in herited some means fro s brothemhi r William, at any rate he got Borough- muir ; and if I am right in my belief onls e wa Basythaa cade th e f h ts o t family, the emoluments of his various pensions and offices must have been turne o prudent d t purposese h r fo , saved moneyn 1377i e verd th ,an ,y yea n whici r e constableshith h f o p Fig.
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