Chiropractic History Reprinted by permission of the Association for the History of Chiropractic Volume 23, No. 2 - 2003 27 With Head, Heart, and Hands: Elbert Hubbard's Impact on B.J. Palmer
GLENDA WIESE, Ph.D.* Elbert Hubbard, the creator and developer of the Roycroft Arts and Crafts Community in East Aurora, New York, was a mentor to B.J. Palmer, the self-styled "developer" of chiropractic. This paper explores the relationship between Palmer, Hubbard, and chiropractic. The most visible sign of Hubbard's influence on B.J. Palmer was the creation of the Palmer Print Shop. Hubbard had instigated the Roycroft Press in 1895, and Palmer modeled his own print center, in a more modest way, after his mentor's. He also employed many of the marketing techniques to pro mote chiropractic that Hubbard used to promote the Roycroft books, furniture, and metal work. Palmer even styled his personal appearance after Hubbard's, complete with long hair pulled back with a band around the forehead, and a black flowing tie. When Hubbard went down with the Lusitania, B.J. purchased one of Hubbard's "tall-case" clocks, and proceeded to furnish much of the early Palmer School of Chiropractic (PSC) with the Roycroft pieces. Those pieces can still be viewed on the Palmer campus today. This paper will explore these themes in more depth.
"Life Without Industry is Guilt: community eventually produced handmade furniture Industry Without Art Is Brutality." Elbert Hubbard (1898), leather goods (1905), pottery (1901), and metal work. Between 1895 and 1938 the Roycroft community The above quote synthesizes the Roycroft communi played a large role in the popularization of the arts and ty's dual themes of the inherent dignity of work and the crafts movement to middle-class America. necessity for art. Elbert Hubbard established the Roycroft community in the village of East Aurora, New B.J. and Elbert's Friendship York, in the last decade of the nineteenth century. Hubbard, born in 1856, joined with John Larkin to found How B.J. Palmer and Elbert Hubbard met is not doc the Larkin Soap Company in 1875 . The company was a umented. The author speculates that they may have met huge success, partly as a result of their marketing strate on the lecture circuit. Hubbard was one of the most gy of giving away premiums in return for their soap sought after lecturers of the first decade of the twentieth labels. Hubbard decided in 1892, at the age of thirty-six, liil' A& .. IE &IISS!J! to leave the business to become a writer. After a brief sojourn at Harvard University as an undergraduate, Hubbard visited England and met William Morris. He determined to go back to America and try to produce books in Morris's Kelmscott Press tradition, but with an American character. What began as a modest printing establishment in 1895 with the publication ofthejournals Th e Philistine and Th e Fra, soon evolved into a commu nity of almost five hundred artists, craftsmen, and other workers who were drawn together by Hubbard's charis ma and by a loose allegiance to the social and artistic ideals of the English reformers John Ruskin and William Morris. In addition to the printing shop, the Roycroft
<; 1003 Association for the History of Chiropractic.
• Address correspondence to Dr. Glenda Wiese. 1000 Brady Street, Davenpon , Iowa. 52803; email : [email protected] Elbert Hu bbard, lecture1; promote1; and f ounder of the Roycroft com munity of arrisans, circa 1900. With Head, Heart , and Hands - Glenda Wiese Chiropractic History 28 Volume 23, No. 2 - 2003 Reprinted by permission of the Association for the History of Chiropractic 29
"That is another ad vertiserilcnt. We arc on to This letter from B.J. Palmer to Hubbard is interesting vent supporters. each other" (2). for several reasons. First, B.J. tended not to talk about Another area in which the two men agreed was their As mentioned earli er, the two men did correspond. his problems. Those who lwd disappo inted him were political stance on women's right to vote. Both 1-lubbmd The Palmer College Special Collections contains a circa usually dealt with by not being mentioned again - this let and Pa lmer supported the women's cause, which was 19 14 copy o f a marketing flyer for Hubbard 's publication ter is a departure from his usual mode. Second ly, being hotly contested in the decade o f 19 10- 1920. 1f1e Fra. On the side o f the flyer Hubbard wrote a hur because B.J . tended not to talk about disappo intments, Hubbard embl azoned his position on women's suffrage ried note: " Dear Dr. Palmer. Here is where I need help. thi s letter gives an insight into his perceptio ns o f the on the silo of a Roycroft bam. B.J. proclaimed his stance Elbert Hubbard'' (3). In a dra ft o f a letter to Hubbard events that led to the formation of Uni versal Co llege o f to the citi zens of Da venport by painting the same phrase from B.J . on 6-09- 19 10 B.J . writes Chiropractic. Third. it docs indicate some d egree o f a on the PSC smokestack. Both read: "Votes for women" (6). Your letter came at a time when good rec iprocal relationship between Palmer and Hubb ard . cheer was what I most needed. I have pl odded In 19 14 Elbert Hubbard visited B.J. Pa lmer and Elbert Hubbard, Mnstcr Advertiser along here fo r years and I had reached a point signed the Palmer residence guestbook: " I believe in B ..l . were (sic) I felt I must say, "What's the use?" .. P., I believe in Mrs. B.J. P., I believe in work, laughter, Hubbard used the marketing skill s that he had honed pl ay, study, and love" (5). in the Larkin Soap Company to expand the Rtyc ro ft A photograph of Elbert llubbard and IJ.J. Palmer 011 the Palmer The personal situation is briefly this (not that I School campus. circa 1912. Note the long hair tmd.f7ow i11g bow ties want to bore you with personal troubles but The nature of their relationship appears to have been enterprises. His p~riodieals,1'l1 e Philistine, Tile Fra, and each man wore. more to g ive you an insight into what I have somewhat lopsided. B.J . Palmer was more influenced by Lillie Journeys carried. ....tili i1ierous advertisements for his fri endship with Hubbard than Hubbard was by hi s Roycroft products, as well as paid advertisements. Said ccn!ury, and B..J. Palmer was developing his own follow tried to accomplish). I 0 years ago my father fri endship with Palmer. Although Palmer alludes to his Charles Frederick Higham in "The Adverti ser's Weekl y'': ing late in that decade. Documents in the Palmer College skipped and Jell me, a boy of 18, with over friendship with Hubbard, Elbert Hubbard m akes little No man of any age understood so well the specia l collections indi cate that by 19 10 they had met and $5,000 in debts, a bad name and a broken, reference to Palmer. other than in his adverti s ing pieces. were corresponding. According to B.J., in The Bignes.f ruined business. I assumed the proposition power o f publicity and none could compare The difference in their ages and the different stages each with him in the writing o f advertisenlcnts. of the Fellow Within , they not onl y corresponded, but vis and have worked it to where it is. My business was in their careers at the times they met may explain the The first signed adverti sement was Elbert ited each other, breaking their journeys to spend time policy at that time was "That what was right inequality of the relationship. Hubbard 's, and no advertisements have paid w ith one another. Hubbard would visit Palmer at WAS right and I would fight it al ong those Whatever the depth of their friendship, B.J . was adverti rs better than the eds which Palmer 's residence at 808 Brady Street, Davenport, Iowa, lines unt il I won."' With this idea in mind I se hundr undoubtedly influenced by Hubbard 's appearance. Both ha ve appeared under his name. Most and Palmer would stay at the Roycroft Inn in East ripped into anything where I saw any mi srep wore their hair long, sometimes pulled back and sporting American firm s o f reputation have utili zed his Aurora, New York, and occasionally spend time at resentations going on. I sailed into them. a sweatband. Both men wore long, nowing, black bow facile pen on their behalf; he was not only the Hubbard 's pri vate cabin on the outskirts o f East Aurora No man can be truthful until he gets the ties, as did many of Hubbard 's and Palmer 's most fer- greatest advertis ing writer o f his time but also (I ). B.J. tells thi s story of one o f Hubbard 's unexpected dishonesty out of him. I worked year in and visits to 808 Brady Street: year out to get the crookedness out of my stu When ever Hubbard was lecturing West he dents. Finally, 6 weeks ago, 50 o f the students ,, broke hi s journey to spend a day with B.J . He o f our school revolted because I was doing never knocked at the doors o f his friends. He what I was. i\s would be natural this was walked in unexpectedl y and was always wel a damper upon my ambition for I believed that come. He traveled with hi s secreta ry, "Percy." I was do ing right. I sti ll believe it and (in a One morning he came in B.J. 's front door. more quiet way) am carrying on the good work He looked like he had ridden the bumpers all with those that have remained as my standard night. He was dirty, clothes unkempt, linen bearers. wrinkled, etc. B.J ., at the time. was reading It w as while I was thinking over the past Hubbard 's current issue of The Fra in which actions o f the people who need the growth the was a full -page advertisement and picture of most and had a man who was giving it to them, Hubbard in an immaculate Royal tailored suit. that they turned down. that I was somewhat Without hellos or greetings, B.J. looked up, despondent. While this condition (1-lell) saw the dilapidated Hubbard, and said, quoting was with me - your letter came. What else tl1e full -page ad: "Behold the Royal Tailored could I do but raise up from the ashes o f the Man." Hubbard smiled and said, "That is an nothinglcss (sic] of the what [sic] and desire to adve rti sement. " Hubbard was followed by go on and do more. So here is to you, Elbert " Percy" lugging a big, heavy, Underwood Hubbard, a letter o f appreciation, a word o f typewriter. B.J . turned the pages o f 111e Fra thank s for the personal good you have done Photographs adl'Ocatiug sojji·agr•.fin· women. During the second riN ·adt: of t he 20th c.·enrm:v su/Tra'r.e.for H'OIItell was a contcll fiou.,· issue. 8(1th Palm er me by a cheering word at the right time and and again quoted another full page adve rtise mul Hubbard embla:oned their positions in prominellf place.<;- Palmer on the smokesttu:k fd"th e PSC; Nuhluml 0 11 the silo o(one q( his /){lrns. ment which said , " I wouldn't travel without pl ace (4). my trusty Corona." Hubbard smiled and said, With Head, Heart, and Hands - Glenda Wiese Chiropractic History 30 Volume 23, No. 2 - 2003 Reprinted by permission of the Association for the History of Chiropractic 31 There is H constant dHngcr for new con THE FRA J• IJ verts to focus on one thing and imagine lhat
• SO,\IETIII~C AllO U1' when lhcy getlhi s. lhcy have arrived. All I he rest goes inlo lhc rag-bag. T~Ef~UlJ AD .JU STI 1\lG CHIROPRACTIC C A US E S fl''""""""•~M t . Mu . r M.III ·llh ! The N.S.C. leachers, however, I have ·'' E!bt.rl H ubbtnf uya: .. 1\ny uuon "' wnm~n w:ddnt ~ noticed, constantl y inslill inlo their students W I T H O U T Ulc ..,...,k ohould invut lr•t c C hirnpr~cllt ,._. u u;:lu hy !h< i'•lm C HIR OPRACTIC don. h u_r1aln ly ~~:ivume rrut pluJu " '" inllll"m ynu tlo,o.t You never hear National teachers berate lo: •1! lo(oru ,o.l t u m t .U " ' cu the " f>,o.lmu S( hon! l ,...., td hh ttatc 1\fn~•,.Ium•n•·lluon>lt~"'f- ll W l" I he old schools, although they mi ght smile at lr\1<111•.., h~clti•Oio';!ot llll01""1'••• I' ol Chhopr~ttlc,"D~vcnport ,l n.,.· a. •til .a.•r' ...... ,..hr•,•I•••IJr~•<•'t(>lctM ~~.. ~·~ lt.tt ol ft•l ·~1·•. , ....,.,._ ~•• d I' •.t,_ I~-~...... t• .. ~ '-fl' ' ' •I Chiropmclors were quick 10 seize upon Hubbard's Thr Palmer School of Ch~ropractic endorsement of lheir nedgling sc ience. An ad vertising B. J. l'ol., , !),.-,..,..,~ICt.i r.,rll;t~<,P rtoid,..t, a..!.;, •hi• ru "h' ou 1 n yer by E.R. Jones o f Eldora, Iowa, quoles Hubbard as ~~""'''·''""-~\l,,h.,,"''!"·-" 1rltlclJ·•I '''''·I 11\.t .... rl ...... , l.;>ol; . ·I "·tncJ I l~t· • r-h o -- , I •• ·!I· 1', <1' o\ saying ''Any man or woman making a life work should 1 • 0 1-"J:JCE HOURS .,~"'. • .. ~ I ... ""· 9:30 t" Jlt 30a. n1. 1!30 to 4tJOa nd 7 1o! p. m. investi gate Chiropractic as laught by lhe Palmer Sch l [) D I oo '•••t- '''"· · II·· f'•l••· ~· •-flO,• " Fountain Head" by all Masler Chiropractic ER5T·fiVRORA·ERIE·~OVNTY·N .Y ~-,'--'"-'"'"'.,,., ,.,.,, .t,f,.,. .. -~!,..,,,.,,,,.,:1-r·'l"'••"' I~·'"' No Mc.didnc N o Surt t rv N o Ol tcopa lhy. [) 0 · · ·· · c 1 ?J;'\Ert"711'WV'f2b~HR5HYEFI! f'• ~- -~-····t·~·· th•' l"'lu,;h,.;o .-:l· ,,,.,.,._,,•·~-• Pmclitioners" (I 0). Jones no doubt was quoling fTom lhc ad 1\ .• ~ ,, ~, ,, ,, ,, r••• ,., ,.,, •~ '·''(><'"'"'''· ,.,.,..,"" H.-.,,,, , G tadl.l.lkof Mr.mber ol 1'l1e cover of rhe ./11(111 915 issue of the Fra. The highly sty li::ed ro.\ 'C.\' Pa lrnu School ol Unlvcn~AIChlropu etat11 which appeared in the IOJuly 19 10 issue oflhc The Fra ( II ). I'll'· l-'11.l1nt·• t• ..1 •f 11r0pr~ct.lhl\o·.,pnrt '""'" Chiropractic, 1\ ...... c:f atlon. ami hluck leiters "re a comm n11m otl}'tul•d in rile arts ond crap.\· move Da •tnpnrt, Iowa. Lest lhc chiropraclic profession gloat lhat Hubbard me/If. has been convened 10 chiropraclic and advcrlised chiro praclic exclusively of olhcr health sciences, Ih e fo llowing advent of Autology lhe cause o f Disease has /'a/mer pfru.:ed this ad fHmlwfin~rhe PSC all(/ <.:lriropm ctic in Chimpracrors quoted llubbard ~ praise of chiropractic in their o wn ad appeared in lhe July 19 15 Memorial edition of 1l1e been made clear - and the way lo avoid it! ( 12) 1-l rthbord.\·jrmnwl The Fra. tuh . Fra. Hubbard also penned a salutal ion lo the osleopalhic the most hi ghly paid (7). Hubbard wrolc a pamphlet for the Nalional School of Well or Sick - You Need - Aulology. By profess ion in a Hartford City, Indiana, newspaper, The Few would argue B.J . 's penchant for advertising. Chiropractic tilled "The New Science or the Fine Art of Elbert Hubbard. Doily News. In an arti cle tilled, "T he Succe ss or The epi gram, "Early 10 bed, early 10 rise. work like hell, Gelling Well and Keeping So" (8). In it, he nol onl y You can nol have Health by paying anoth Oslcopathy," he cxlols lhc virtues o f osleopalhy. "A n and advcrlise" was displayed prominentl y in lhe Palmer ex lois the virtues of chiropraclic, he ex lois the virlucs of er for iL You must EA RN il. [Nolice I he sim Osleopath does nol claim to cure disease. All he does is School's fro nl hallway. B.J. was also Ih e aulhor of two I he Nal ional School's version of chiropraclic: ilarity 10 B.J .'s slylc of cap italizing words for lo g ive Nature a chance" ( 13). This phrasing is very sim besl selling marketing manuals: I) "Selling Yourself," a A good Chiropraclor in hi s own li fe illus emphasis] Any man who looks to Doclors ilar to that used by rnHny chiropractors in promoting their pamphlcl which he wrote lo help chi ropractors markel tralcs I he beauty of I he science thai he repre and Medicines 10 make him well and keep him services. lhcir services: and 2) l?odio Salesmanship, a book lhat sents. well, will never know whal is l·lealth ... Touches of Elbcrl Hu bbard's advertising genius can was produced in six edilions and used w idely inlhc radio Especially have I noticed lhat in lhc Health is lhc most natural thing in the world . sli ll be found on lhe Palmer campus loday. David induslry and by lhose wishing lo cx ploil lhe medium of Na tional School of Chiropractic in Chicago Nalure is on our side. Hea lth is Ih e Norm, and Pa lmer 's signat ure epigram, " Palmer is to Chiropractic radio. Palmer advcrlised his PSC in many journals, commonsense prevails. all Naltlrc lends lhilhcrward . If you seek whal sterling is lo silver," was forclold in a 19 15 l11e Fra includ ing Hubbard 's. Additionally, he used his prinling Dogmalic medicine is no betler lhan dog Health you musl get Medicines out o f your adve rlisemcnl o f Schmedding-Siandard bl ankcls: presses to produce lhc producls of his imagination and malic theology. Both lead to tyranny and per Mind - and out of your body. Alii he w ise and "Schmcdding-Standard" is 10 Navajo Blankets wh:~l sales cra fl. and marketed lhcm lo lhe enli rc chi ropraclic seculion. You must recognize I he right of peo good Physician can do is pul you in luuch wilh "Sicrling" is 10 silver ( 14). profession lhrough his joumals, The Chiropractor and ple to thin k and decide for themselves. AI Ih e Nalurc and wilh yourscl f. This Doctor Moras. The Fountainhead News . besl, no man is so wholly righl lhat he can a gradualc of1h c Harva rd Med ica l School. w ill Prolific Word smiths afTord 10 say lhat anybody else is wholly do. He gives youlh e Foundalions of Health in Elbert Hubbard and ChiroJJractic wrong . . . a wonderful book called Aurologv. With Bo lh Hubbard and Palmer were g i ned writers and Whal is needed now is toleralion of the Autolog v to guide us. lhere need be no such speakers. and c~ch prod uced voluminous amounts o f Regard less of B.J.'s and Eiben 's fri endship, Elberl rights of olhcr people to li ve lheir own lives, thing as Disease. With lfutology there isn't printed material. Both had very loyal fo llowers. The cir Hubbard was a salesman and was not above selling to think their own thoughts, come to their own one person in ten that ever needs .. Professio nal culalion of The Fra never dropped below 100,000 until B.J .'s chiropmclic cumpelilors. In approx imalcly 19 12 conclusions. Service." He is his own Physician. Since the alier Hubbard's death . B.J. Palmer circul ated his j our- With Head, Heart , and Hands - Glenda Wiese Chiropractic History 32 Volume 23, No. 2 - 2003 Reprinted by permission of the Association for the History of Chiropractic 33 na ls lo the whole PSC alumnae and was considered the Buffalo to sec Hubbard. He wheeled up in front of I he pro fession's undisputed leader until the mid- 1920's. Roycroft Inn . and said, "Whoa" to his spanking pair of Neither man was above exaggerating or bending the lntlh bays. Raking leaves in the road was a person in a bat if it made beller copy. One such instance o f Hubbard's tered hat, a nanncl shirt and corduroys. '·Here, John," d isregard for facts is documented in hi s Lillie .Journey to said the prosperous one. " Hold my horses." And he the Home of Austin Ahbey, where he poig nantly passed the semffy one a quarter. Going inside he asked described his encounter with the painter and his wife, the girl at the desk o f the inn where he could find Mr. surrounded by their loving children. Abbey wrote to Hubbard. " Why." said the girl, "he was here just a Hubbard aflcr the issue came out, explai ning what a minute ago." Then glancing through the open door she tragedy he and his wife regarded their nol being able to point, "Oh, there he is, out I here ho lding those horses." have children, and ex pressing their distress at Hubbard 's In The Bigness of the Fellow Within Palmer tell s a ca llous disregard for the truth ( 15). B.J . was also caught similar story. ln his story the shabby person is Palmer, in an exaggera tion by hi s nephew, William Heath not 1-lubbnrd, and the story takes place in Davenport, Quigley. Quigley recounts the story wherein B.J. was Iowa, nol East Aurora, New York . Hubbard himself had expounding on an incident of beheading w hich he had several charges of plagiarism brought against him. In an observed and recorded in 'llmmd the World with 8../. early issue o f The Philistine, Hubbard acknowledged I hal When the boy reminded his uncle in front o f an audience "certain of the truths herein set forth ha ve been expressed that that was not the way he had told it earlier, B.J . stern before, bul not well" ( 17). ly stared him down. Nor was B.J . above borrowing a story thai he thought Print-ing Similarities Although 1/ublum lll 'll.\' a supporter oft.:hiropmcric. he also approwd appropriate for getting his point across. In a biography, ' !l O-'''I'OfJlllhy. I luiJbard 1\'otdd u•rire restimouials that were primed by rt the Roycm j}crs om/ co11ld be pm t:lwsetl in bulk by the appropriate Elbert Hubbanl of East Aurora , Felix S hay ( 16) recounts Elbe Hubbard 's enormously successful printing prac:tifim1ers. a story where a prosperous individual drove out from enterprise at the Roycroft Community influenced B.J., and may have been lhe motivating factor in his develop ing his own print shop, which he dubbed "The Prettiest Printing Plant in America." From approximately 19 14t o 196 1 B.J . proceeded to print in his print shop some of his D . () 1'\L\II •: H green books, most of his pamphlets, and thousands o f In the booklet As oMa n Thinketh D.J. Palmer reprod11ced many of the '"' •· r .-( I '""'1'- ·'I advertising pieces for chiropractic field doctors. The epigrams that were paintetl 011th e wtllls of the Palmer campus. 1'l1e David D. Palmer Library Special Collectio ns holds an epigrams were borro wed from a variety of sources, including Elbert ! '•· l'.t ..... , .... 1. impressive array of these adve11ising pieces. A gmphic Hubbord, who frequently printed the pithy sayings in his jouma l Th e '/ device that Hubbard used frequently in his journal was Fra. adopted by B.J. and used in the Palmer publications. pertinent to thi s paper was placed near the entrance to the Line drawings o f B.J. and D. D. arc reprodu d after the ce PSC print shop: "Art is the expression o f a man's joy in sty le that Hu bbard popularized. his work. You must lett he man work with his head, heart I and hand, and then out o ft he joy beauty will be born" ( 18). Mottos and Epigrams Roycroft Treasures on Ihe P:li mcr C:~mpus Before B.J. started printing his own material he pur \ '\~~ chased items from th e Roycroft print s hop. The B.J. Palmer's admiration for Elbert Hubbard, for his pi Roycrofters produced e grams thai were printed for B.J. pithy epigrams, his genius in marketing, and hi s champi \\ ~~y)/)// Palmer. who so ld them in his early catalogs. Hubbard 11 I 1'.\1 \I F.Il onship of fin e craftsmanship led him lo purchase several printed a booklet titled A Thousand & One t:p igrams in , ..... 1 ..... pieces o f Roycroft m~llcrials to decorate his growing ~-c-· 19 11, and issues o f The Fra nrc peppered with elegantl y ----~,\ campus. The Roycroft style o r using high-quality pegs printed mollos. B.J. developed many mottos of hi s own. \!t. 1' .1.. ... -...! •• and mortise-and-tendon joint construction appealed to He also reworked Hubbard 's epigrams, borrowed freely (1).,, .. , .. . B.J., who was attracted lo the simpler lines as a reactio n from James Ellioll and A. St. Elmo Lewis, and proceed ( to the busier lines o f the Victorian era furniture and archi ed to embellish the Palmer campus with th e results. In tecture. This sty listic preference is obvious as one stud \J / 192 1 Palmer published a booklet ~ As a Man Thiuketh . ies the addition io the B.J. Palmer residence buill in 192 1. 11 which documented the epigrams and their decorative The Royt.·mju•rs c·t·euled li11e drmt•ings to illuslm((.• fJl!Op/ e, /J.J. hornJn't•d I his lt:dmiq e rmd used it to illmtrmed himself ond D. D. Palmer (.•;11011'11}, It is based on the Mission architectural style, one Ih al was as t1·el/ w· Mohel Palmer (1101 shntt•n). elfccl on the Palmer campus. One of the epigrams most very sympathetic to the Roycroft Arts and Crans style. With Head. Heart. and Hands - Glenda Wiese Chiropractic History 34 Volume 23, No. 2 - 2003 35 Reprinted by permission of the Association for the History of Chiropractic Conclusion both a saint and a sinner, a savior and a charlatan. The se words have also been used to describe B.J. Palmer a nd The inlluencc Elbert Hubbard had on B .J . Palmer hi s innuence upon the c hiropractic profession. B.J . did, was proportionately larger than the amount o f time the indeed, follow his mentor with hi s head, his heart, and hi s two men spent together. Impressed by Hubbard 's print hands. / ing presses, marketi ng techniques, and arts and crafts community, B.J . emulated the older man by dressing like Acknow ledgements him, starting hi s own printing cornpany, marketin g chiro practic and the PSC vigorously. and decorating his lledg The author wishes to ackn ow ledge the Palmer College ling campus with Roycro ll pieces. Marie Via, a scho lar Special Co llection as the source lor the illustrations for of the Roycroll community, says of Hubba rd that hi s thi s article. biographers arc numerous, his detractors many, and hi s devotees legion. Via asserts that Hubbard is portray ed as 10. Flyer. Somerhi11~Abo ut Chirvpractic .. ln.d., s. LI. I REH~RENCES: Approximately forty Roycroft armchairs were ordered from the I. B.J. Pa lmer, 1'l1e Bigness of the Fellow Withi11, (Davcnpor1. No)'croft community for the PSC campus. These armchairs. reodi/)1 II . Adverti sement. Dave nport, Iowa: Palmer School o i lA: Pa lme r School of Chiropr:u.:tic, 1949). distiuguishahle b.v the Cmss and Orb Roycroft motto engraved on Chiropmctic, I f) I 0. each piece, are still in use 011 the Palmer campu.\' today 2. B.J. Palmer, "111e /Jigness of the Fellow Within, (Oavcuport. 12. Elbert Huhbard. " Well or Sick - You Need Auto1ogy." 111e chased by B.J . shortly after the Hubbards went down on lA: Palmer Sc.:hool of Chiropractic, 19ll9) 22R. Fra. July 19 15. 5(4): xiii. the Luisitania. B.J. paid Elbert Hubbard 's son and the 3. Flyer. circa 19 14 .. Let IJusir~e.~sMen C-rJO{Jerate. Roycroft artisans to add the word "chiropractic" to !he 13. Elbert Hubbard. "The Success of Osteopathy," 77w Daily fa ce of the clock. Twelve leit ers are hammered into the 4. Lcllcr. B.J. Palmer to Elbert Hubbard, 9 June 19 10, Special News. llnrtford C ity, Indiana. June 14. 19 12. copper face o ft he c lock in addition to the standard one to Collections and Archi ves, l)almer College o f Chiropracti c. Davenport, 14. Adverti sement. " Navajo Blankets, the Sehmcdcling Iowa . twelve digits. In the same room is a split-log bench built Standard." The Fra, September 19 15. by a Roycrofter named Ali Baba. In various hallwa ys, 5. Gucstbook, 19 14, The B.J . and Mabel Pa lme r Residence, 15. Marie Via and Marjorie Searl. Nead, Jl ear!, and Hand: other public spaces, and o ffices of the Pa lmer campu s are Special Collections and Archives, Palmer College of C hirojlractic. £ Ib ert l·lubbard all(/ the Roycroflers. Rochester. New York: thirty-nine Roycro fl arm-chairs that have engraved o n DavenJ>Or1, Iowa. University of Rochester l,rcss, 1994. th eir backs the names of individuals or organi zations that 6. '111e Fra.August 19 15, Photographic insert. support ed the Pa lmer School of C hiropractic. The 16. feli x Shay, £/bert Jiubbarrl of East Aurora. (New York: Palmer mansion, BJ. 's personal residence, houses a bed 7. Chu les Higham. " Hubb:mlth c Advertising Man:· The Fra, Wi lliam H. Wise & Company. 1926) p. 69. room set of Roycro ft furniture, a copper Roycroft lamp , July 19 15, 15(4):124. 17. freeman Champney. Art & Glmy: tlte Stm:v of £ /bert and a plaque done by th e Roycroft comm unity inscribed, J-111bbard (New York: Crown llublishers, 196R) p. 203. "B e Thysell'." Most of these pieces a rc easil y identified 8. Elbert Hubbard. "The Success of Osteopathy," The Dai~v New. ... Hm1ford City, Indiana, June 14. 19 12. e ither by the orb and cross insignia, or by the word 18. B.J. ralm cr, As r1 Man 1111'nketll (Davenport. Iowa: Palmer School of Chiropractic 193 1z) p.l 5. " Roycro ft'' inscribed into !he wood. 9. Elbct1 Hubbard, The New Science or the fine ort of };Citing well all(/ keepinJ.: :,·o." (Chic:1go: Na tional School of C hiropractic. 19. "Elbert Hubbard. a Victim of 'The Wate r Wolves o f Hubbard 's Death 19 12) pp. l6-17. Prussia .""71te Chim practor. 19 15:78 . Elbert Hubbard and his wife Alice were killed on 7 May 19 15, when German torpedoes sank the Lusit ania as it was making its way 10 Europe. B.J. Palmer inserted Palmer L'(JIIIIIIissioned many pieces (if./imliturefrom the Roycroft /itr thi s notice in the June 19 15 111e Chiropractor. n itl l l'l' shop, including this 'tall case· clock, of which 011~11fo u r ore k11o\\'n to he in exist£•m:e today. Thi.\· clock is on display today ill the Germa n c ivilization is in retreat. The Lusitania Special Collections reading room 0 11 the Palmer campus. lies at !he bottom of th e sea, and !he soul of Sterling examp les o f !he Roycro fl hand-made furni Elbert Hubbard went out with her sinking. In ture ca n still be seen today, located around the l'almer life. Fra Elberlus was a foremost lay ex ponent campus. In the David D. Palmer Heallh Sciences of Chiro practic ideals. W hal we here say is to Library's Spec ial Co llections Reading Room stands one hi s honor, for hi s friendship to our science, his of lour tall -case c locks still in existence designed by the belie f in and advocacy of our principles, and Roycroft artists. The six foot nine inch clock was pur- for the worthiness o r his characte r ( 19).