WTO 2005 2005 trade statistics International WTO Members (As of 31 August 2005)

Albania The Gambia Angola Georgia Niger Antigua and Barbuda Nigeria Ghana Oman Grenada Pakistan Austria Guatemala Panama Bahrain, Kingdom of Guinea Bangladesh Guinea Bissau Paraguay Barbados Guyana Belgium Haiti Belize Honduras Benin Kong, Bolivia Botswana Qatar Brazil India Romania Darussalam Rwanda Bulgaria Ireland Saint Kitts and Nevis Burkina Faso Israel Saint Lucia Burundi Saint Vincent & the Grenadines Cambodia Jamaica Senegal Cameroon Sierra Leone Jordan Central African Republic Kenya Slovak Republic Chad Korea, Republic of Kuwait Solomon Islands China Kyrgyz Republic Colombia Congo Lesotho Costa Rica Liechtenstein Sri Lanka Côte d’Ivoire Suriname Swaziland Cuba Macao, China Cyprus Madagascar Czech Republic Malawi Democratic Republic of the Congo Tanzania Djibouti Mali Togo Dominica Trinidad and Tobago Dominican Republic Mauritania Tunisia Ecuador Mauritius Egypt Uganda El Salvador Moldova United Arab Emirates Mongolia European Communities Morocco United Kingdom Fiji Mozambique of America Finland Myanmar Uruguay Former Yugoslav Republic Namibia Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) of Macedonia (FYROM) Nepal Zambia France Zimbabwe Gabon

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To order, please contact: Further enquiries can be addressed to [email protected]. WTO Publications ISBN 92-870-3313-7 154, rue de Lausanne Printed in Switzerland CH-1211 Geneva 21 Tel: (41 22) 739 52 08 © World Trade Organization 2005 Fax: (41 22) 739 54 58 Email: [email protected] WTO 2005 2005 trade statistics International Acknowledgements

This statistical report has been prepared under the general direction of Guy Karsenty, Chief Statistician. The Overview has been drafted by Michael Finger and the Statistics team has been led by Andreas Maurer. The data were prepared by Barbara d’Andrea- Adrian, Christophe Degain, Joscelyn Magdeleine, Yann Marcus, Coleman Nee, Bekele Tamenu and Ninez Piezas-Jerbi.

Vuddha Meach coordinated the table, chart and map production with the assistance of Nicole Everlet, Karolina Safarzynska and Pratikshya Simkhada. Monia Mimouni and Aishah Colautti prepared the tables and charts for the Overview.

The printing, carried out by WTO’s own printing facilities, was coordinated by Edmundo Murray of the Information and Media Relations Division. Thanks are due to the French and Spanish translators in the Language Services and Documentation Division for rendering the report in the WTO’s other official languages.

For statistical sources used in this report, see the Technical Notes.

ii Table of Contents

World Trade Development in 2004 and Prospects for 2005

1. Hightlights of world trade in 2004 ...... 1 2. Trade volume and output developments in 2004 ...... 2 3. Merchandise and commercial services trade in dollar value by sector ...... 2 4. Trade by region and country ...... 9 5. Trade developments of selected Regional Trade Agreements and of the LDCs ...... 16 6. Trade developments in the first half of 2005 and prospects ...... 16

I. World trade in 2004 - overview ...... 19

II. Selected long-term trends ...... 29

III. Trade by region ...... 37

1. Overview ...... 37 2. North America ...... 45 3. South and Central America ...... 54 4. Europe ...... 63 5. Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) ...... 73 6. Africa ...... 80 7. Middle East ...... 86 8. Asia ...... 89 9. Least-developed countries ...... 102

IV. Trade by sector ...... 109

1. Overview ...... 109 2. Agricultural products ...... 112 3. Fuels and mining products ...... 119 3.1 Fuels ...... 121 4. Manufactures ...... 124 4.1 Iron and steel ...... 132 4.2 Chemicals ...... 136 4.3 Office machines and telecom equipment ...... 140 4.4 Automotive products ...... 162 4.5 Textiles ...... 168 4.6 Clothing ...... 176 5. Commercial services ...... 183 5.1 Transportation services ...... 183 5.2 Travel services ...... 185 5.3 Other commercial services ...... 187

Appendix tables ...... 191

World maps ...... 247

Technical notes ...... 251

iii iv List of tables and charts

Overview

Chart 1 Share of China in selected economies’ merchandise exports and imports, 2000 and 2004 ...... 1 Chart 2 Volume growth of world merchandise trade and output by sector in 2004 ...... 2 Table 1 World exports of mechandise and commercial services, 2000-04 ...... 3 Box 1 New country and product groups in WTO’s trade statistics ...... 3 Chart 3 World merchandise exports by product group, 2004 ...... 4 Box 2 China’s trade statistics ...... 5 Chart 4 Oil demand and net oil imports of selected economies, 1971-2004 ...... 7 Box 3 The relative importance of modes of supply in trade of commercial services ...... 8 Chart 5 World merchandise trade by region, 2004 ...... 9 Table 2 GDP and trade developments in North America, 2000-04 ...... 10 Table 3 GDP and trade developments in South and Central America, 2000-04 ...... 10 Chart 6 Product structure of South and Central America’s merchandise exports, 2004 ...... 11 Chart 7 Dollar continued its decline vis-à-vis European currencies in 2004 ...... 11 Table 4 GDP and trade developments in Europe, 2000-04 ...... 12 Chart 8 Product structure of CIS’s merchandise exports, 2004 ...... 13 Table 5 GDP and trade developments in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 2000-04 ...... 13 Table 6 GDP and trade developments in Africa, 2000-04 ...... 14 Chart 9 Product structure of Africa’s merchandise exports, 2004 ...... 14 Chart 10 Product structure of the Middle East’s merchandise exports, 2004 ...... 14 Table 7 Trade developments in the Middle East, 2000-04 ...... 15 Table 8 GDP and trade developments in Asia, 2000-04 ...... 15 Chart 11 Real GDP and trade growth of OECD countries, 2003-05 ...... 17 Chart 12 Nominal and real petroleum prices, 1970-2005 ...... 17

I. World trade in 2004 - overview

Table I.1 Growth in the volume of world merchandise exports and production, 2000-04 ...... 19 Table I.2 Growth in the volume of world merchandise trade by selected region, 2000-04 ...... 19 Table I.3 Growth in the value of world merchandise trade by region, 2004 ...... 20 Table I.4 Growth in the value of world trade in commercial services by region, 2004 ...... 20 Table I.5 Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade, 2004 ...... 21 Table I.6 Leading exporters and importers in world merchandise trade (excluding intra-EU (25) trade), 2004 ...... 22 Table I.7 Leading exporters and importers in world trade in commercial services, 2004 ...... 23 Table I.8 Leading exporters and importers in world trade in commercial services (excluding intra-EU (25) trade), 2004 ...... 24 Table I.9 Share of goods and commercial services in the total trade of selected regions and economies, 2004 ...... 25 Table I.10 Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 2004 ...... 26 Chart I.1 Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 1990-04 ...... 27

II. Selected long-term trends

Chart II.1 World merchandise trade and production by major product group, 1950-04 ...... 29 Chart II.2 World merchandise trade by major product group, 1950-04 ...... 30 Table II.1 World merchandise exports, production and , 1951-04 ...... 31 Table II.2 World merchandise trade by region and selected economy, 1948, 1953, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993, 2003 and 2004 ...... 32 Table II.3 Merchandise trade of the United States by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993, 2003 and 2004 ..... 33 Table II.4 Merchandise trade of Europe by region and by product, 2000-04 ...... 34 Table II.5 Merchandise trade of Japan by region and by product, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993, 2003 and 2004 ...... 35

III. Trade by region

1. Overview

Chart III.1 Value of world merchandise trade by region,1997-04 ...... 37 Chart III.2 Volume of world merchandise trade by selected region, 1997-04 ...... 37

v Table III.1 World merchandise exports by region, 2004 ...... 39 Table III.2 World merchandise imports by region, 2004 ...... 39 Table III.3 Intra- and inter-regional merchandise trade, 2004 ...... 40 Chart III.3 World trade in commercial services by selected region, 1997-04 ...... 41 Table III.4 World exports of commercial services by region, 2004 ...... 42 Table III.5 World imports of commercial services by region, 2004 ...... 43 Table III.6 Exports of commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2003 ...... 44 Table III.7 Imports of commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2003 ...... 44 Chart III.4 Trade in commercial services of selected economies by selected partners, 2003 ...... 44

2. North America

Table III.8 Merchandise trade of North America, 2004 ...... 45 Table III.9 Merchandise trade of North America by region and by major product group, 2004 ...... 45 Chart III.5 Merchandise trade of North America, 1994-04 ...... 45 Chart III.6 Share of North America in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 ...... 45 Table III.10 Merchandise exports of North America by product, 2004 ...... 46 Table III.11 Merchandise imports of North America by product, 2004 ...... 47 Table III.12 Merchandise exports of North America by destination, 2004 ...... 48 Table III.13 Merchandise imports of North America by origin, 2004 ...... 48 Table III.14 Merchandise exports and imports of Canada, Mexico and the United States, 2004 ...... 49 Table III.15 Merchandise trade of Canada by region and economy, 2004 ...... 50 Table III.16 Merchandise trade of the United States by region and economy, 2004 ...... 51 Table III.17 Merchandise exports of NAFTA countries by destination, 1990-04 ...... 52 Table III.18 Trade in commercial services of Canada, 2004 ...... 53 Table III.19 Trade in commercial services of the United States, 2004 ...... 53

3. South and Central America

Table III.20 Merchandise trade of South and Central America, 2004 ...... 54 Table III.21 Merchandise trade of South and Central America by region and by major product group, 2004 ...... 54 Chart III.7 Merchandise trade of South and Central America, 1994-04 ...... 54 Chart III.8 Share of South and Central America in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 ...... 54 Table III.22 Merchandise exports of South and Central America by product, 2004 ...... 55 Table III.23 Merchandise exports of South and Central America by destination, 2004 ...... 56 Table III.24 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in South and Central America, 2004 ...... 57 Table III.25 Merchandise exports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-04 ...... 58 Table III.26 Merchandise imports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-04 ...... 59 Table III.27 Merchandise exports of Andean Community countries by region, 1990-04 ...... 60 Table III.28 Merchandise imports of Andean Community countries by region, 1990-04 ...... 61 Table III.29 Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in South and Central America, 2004 ...... 62

4. Europe

Table III.30 Merchandise trade of Europe, 2004 ...... 63 Table III.31 Merchandise trade of Europe by region and by major product group, 2004 ...... 63 Chart III.9 Merchandise trade of Europe, 1994-04 ...... 63 Chart III.10 Share of Europe in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 ...... 63 Table III.32 Merchandise exports of Europe by product, 2004 ...... 64 Table III.33 Merchandise imports of Europe by product, 2004 ...... 65 Table III.34 Merchandise exports of Europe by destination, 2004 ...... 66 Table III.35 Merchandise imports of Europe by origin, 2004 ...... 67 Table III.36 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Europe, 2004 ...... 68 Table III.37 Merchandise trade of the European Union (25) by region and economy, 2004 ...... 69 Table III.38 Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Europe, 2004 ...... 70 Table III.39 Trade in commercial services of France, 2004 ...... 71 Table III.40 Trade in commercial services of Germany, 2004 ...... 71 Table III.41 Trade in commercial services of Italy, 2004 ...... 72 Table III.42 Trade in commercial services of the United Kingdom, 2004 ...... 72 vi 5. Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

Table III.43 Merchandise trade of the CIS, 2004 ...... 73 Table III.44 Merchandise trade of the CIS, by region and by major product group, 2004 ...... 73 Chart III.11 Merchandise trade of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 1994-04 ...... 73 Chart III.12 Share of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 ...... 73 Table III.45 Merchandise exports of the CIS by major product group and main destination, 2004 ...... 74 Table III.46 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in the CIS, 2004 ...... 75 Table III.47 Intra- and inter-regional merchandise trade of the CIS, 2004 ...... 76 Table III.48 Merchandise exports of selected economies to the CIS, 2002-04 ...... 77 Table III.49 Merchandise imports of selected economies from the CIS, 2002-04 ...... 78 Table III.50 Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in the CIS, 2004 ...... 79

6. Africa

Table III.51 Merchandise trade of Africa, 2004 ...... 80 Table III.52 Merchandise trade of Africa by region and by major product group, 2004 ...... 80 Chart III.13 Merchandise trade of Africa, 1994-04 ...... 80 Chart III.14 Share of Africa in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 ...... 80 Table III.53 Merchandise exports of Africa by major product group and main destination, 2004 ...... 81 Table III.54 Merchandise exports of Africa by destination, 2004 ...... 82 Table III.55 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Africa, 2004 ...... 83 Table III.56 Merchandise exports of the European Union (25) to Africa by product, 2004 ...... 84 Table III.57 Merchandise imports of the European Union (25) from Africa by product, 2004 ...... 85

7. Middle East

Table III.58 Merchandise trade of the Middle East, 2004 ...... 86 Table III.59 Merchandise trade of the Middle East by region and by major product group, 2004 ...... 86 Chart III.15 Merchandise trade of the Middle East, 1994-04 ...... 86 Chart III.16 Share of the Middle East in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 ...... 86 Table III.60 Merchandise exports of the Middle East by major product group and main destination, 2004 ...... 87 Table III.61 Merchandise exports of the Middle East by destination, 2004 ...... 87 Table III.62 Imports of fuels of selected regions and economies from the Middle East, 2000 and 2004 ...... 88 Table III.63 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in the Middle East, 2004 ...... 88

8. Asia

Table III.64 Merchandise trade of Asia, 2004 ...... 89 Table III.65 Merchandise trade of Asia by region and by major product group, 2004 ...... 89 Chart III.17 Merchandise trade of Asia, 1994-04 ...... 89 Chart III.18 Share of Asia in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 ...... 89 Table III.66 Merchandise exports of Asia by major product group and main destination, 2004 ...... 90 Table III.67 Merchandise exports of Asia by product, 2004 ...... 91 Table III.68 Merchandise exports of Asia by destination, 2004 ...... 92 Table III.69 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Asia, 2004 ...... 93 Table III.70 Merchandise trade of Japan by region and economy, 2004 ...... 94 Table III.71 Merchandise exports of the United States, the European Union (25) and Japan to China by 95 major product, 2004 ...... 95 Table III.72 Merchandise imports of the United States, the European Union (25) and Japan from China by 97 major product, 2004 ...... 96 Table III.73 Merchandise exports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-04 ...... 97 Table III.74 Merchandise imports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-04 ...... 98 Table III.75 Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Asia, 2004 ...... 99 Table III.76 Trade in commercial services of Japan, 2004 ...... 100 Table III.77 Trade in commercial services of China, 2004 ...... 100 Table III.78 Trade in commercial services of Taipei, Chinese, 2004 ...... 101 Table III.79 Trade in commercial services of Korea, Republic of, 2004 ...... 101

vii 9. Least-developed countries

Table III.80 Ratio of exports of goods and commercial services to GDP of least-developed countries, 2003 ...... 102 Table III.81 Merchandise exports and imports of least-developed countries by selected country grouping, 2004 ...... 103 Chart III.19 Merchandise exports of least-developed countries by selected product group and destination, 2003 ...... 104 Chart III.20 Exports of least-developed countries by major product, 2003 ...... 105 Table III.82 Imports of agicultural products, fuels and manufactures of the European Union (25), Asia and North America from least-developed countries, 2004 ...... 106 Table III.83 Exports of commercial services of least-developed countries by category, 2003 ...... 107

IV. Trade by sector

1. Overview

Chart IV.1 World merchandise exports by product, 2000 and 2004 ...... 109 Table IV.1 World merchandise exports by product, 2004 ...... 110 Chart IV.2 World exports of commercial services by category, 1990, 2000 and 2004 ...... 111 Table IV.2 World exports of commercial services by category, 2004 ...... 111

2. Agricultural products

Table IV.3 World trade in agricultural products, 2004 ...... 112 Table IV.4 Major regional flows in world exports of agricultural products, 2004 ...... 112 Table IV.5 Share of agricultural products in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2004 ...... 112 Chart IV.3 Regional shares in world trade in agricultural products, 2004 ...... 112 Table IV.6 Exports of agricultural products by region, 2004 ...... 113 Table IV.7 Imports of agricultural products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 ...... 114 Table IV.8 Leading exporters and importers of agricultural products, 2004 ...... 116 Table IV.9 Exports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 117 Table IV.10 Imports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 118

3. Fuels and mining products

Table IV.11 World trade in fuels and mining products, 2004 ...... 119 Table IV.12 Major regional flows in world exports of fuels and mining products, 2004 ...... 119 Table IV.13 Share of fuels and mining products in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2004 ...... 119 Chart IV.4 Regional shares in world trade in fuels and mining products, 2004 ...... 119 Table IV.14 Exports of fuels and mining products by region, 2004 ...... 120

3.1 Fuels

Table IV.15 World trade in fuels, 2004 ...... 121 Table IV.16 Major regional flows in world exports of fuels, 2004 ...... 121 Table IV.17 Share of fuels in trade in total merchandise and in primary products by region, 2004 ...... 121 Chart IV.5 Regional shares in world trade in fuels, 2004 ...... 121 Table IV.18 Imports of fuels of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 ...... 122 Table IV.19 Imports of fuels of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 123

4. Manufactures

Table IV.20 World trade in manufactures, 2004 ...... 124 Table IV.21 Major regional flows in world exports of manufactures, 2004 ...... 124 Table IV.22 Share of manufactures in total merchandise trade by region, 2004 ...... 124 Chart IV.6 Regional shares in world trade in manufactures, 2004 ...... 124 Table IV.23 Exports of manufactures by region, 2004 ...... 125 Table IV.24 Trade in manufactures of the United States, the European Union (25) and China by region, 2004 ...... 126 Table IV.25 Imports of manufactures of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 ...... 127 Table IV.26 Leading exporters and importers of manufactures, 2004 ...... 129 Table IV.27 Exports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 130 Table IV.28 Imports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 131 viii 4.1 Iron and steel

Table IV.29 World trade in iron and steel, 2004 ...... 132 Table IV.30 Major regional flows in world exports of iron and steel, 2004 ...... 132 Table IV.31 Share of iron and steel in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 ...... 132 Chart IV.7 Regional shares in world trade in iron and steel, 2004 ...... 132 Table IV.32 Exports of iron and steel by principal region, 2004 ...... 133 Table IV.33 Imports of iron and steel of the European Union (25) and the United States by region and supplier, 2004 ...... 134 Table IV.34 Leading exporters and importers of iron and steel, 2004 ...... 135

4.2 Chemicals

Table IV.35 World trade in chemicals, 2004 ...... 136 Table IV.36 Major regional flows in world exports of chemicals, 2004 ...... 136 Table IV.37 Share of chemicals in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 ...... 136 Chart IV.8 Regional shares in world trade in chemicals, 2004 ...... 136 Table IV.38 Exports of chemicals by principal region, 2004 ...... 137 Table IV.39 Leading exporters and importers of chemicals, 2004 ...... 138 Table IV.40 Leading exporters and importers of pharmaceuticals, 2004 ...... 139

4.3 Office machines and telecom equipment

Table IV.41 World trade in office and telecom equipment, 2004 ...... 140 Table IV.42 Major regional flows in world exports of office and telecom equipment, 2004 ...... 140 Table IV.43 Share of office and telecom equipment in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 ...... 140 Chart IV.9 Regional shares in world trade in office machines and telecom equipment, 2004 ...... 140 Table IV.44 Exports of office and telecom equipment by principal region and economy, 2004 ...... 141 Table IV.45 Imports of office and telecom equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 ...... 142 Table IV.46 Leading exporters and importers of office and telecom equipment, 2004 ...... 144 Table IV.47 Exports of office and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 145 Table IV.48 Imports of office and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 146 Table IV.49 Imports of EDP and office equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 ...... 147 Table IV.50 Leading exporters and importers of EDP and office equipment, 2004 ...... 149 Table IV.51 Exports of EDP and office equipment of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 150 Table IV.52 Imports of EDP and office equipment of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 151 Table IV.53 Imports of telecommunications equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 ...... 152 Table IV.54 Leading exporters and importers of telecommunications equipment, 2004 ...... 154 Table IV.55 Exports of telecommunication equipment of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 155 Table IV.56 Imports of telecommunication equipment of selected economies , 1990-04 ...... 156 Table IV.57 Imports of integrated circuits and electronic components of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 ...... 157 Table IV.58 Leading exporters and importers of integrated circuits and electronic components, 2004 ...... 159 Table IV.59 Exports of integrated circuits and electronic components of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 160 Table IV.60 Imports of integrated circuits and electronic components of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 161

4. 4 Automotive products

Table IV.61 World trade in automotive products, 2004 ...... 162 Table IV.62 Major regional flows in world exports of automotive products, 2004 ...... 162 Table IV.63 Share of automotive products in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 ...... 162 Chart IV.10 Regional shares in world trade in automotive products, 2004 ...... 162 Table IV.64 Exports of automotive products by principal region, 2004 ...... 163 Table IV.65 Imports of automotive products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 ...... 164 Table IV.66 Leading exporters and importers of automotive products, 2004 ...... 165 Table IV.67 Exports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 166 Table IV.68 Imports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 167

4.5 Textiles

Table IV.69 World trade in textiles, 2004 ...... 168 Table IV.70 Major regional flows in world exports of textiles, 2004 ...... 168

ix Table IV.71 Share of textiles in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 ...... 168 Chart IV.11 Regional shares in world trade in textiles 2004 ...... 168 Table IV.72 Textile exports by principal region, 2004 ...... 169 Table IV.73 Textile imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 ...... 170 Table IV.74 Leading exporters and importers of textiles, 2004 ...... 173 Table IV.75 Textile exports of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 174 Table IV.76 Textile imports of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 175

4.6 Clothing

Table IV.77 World trade in clothing, 2004 ...... 176 Table IV.78 Major regional flows in world exports of clothing, 2004 ...... 176 Table IV.79 Share of clothing in trade in total merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 ...... 176 Chart IV.12 Regional shares in world trade in clothing, 2004 ...... 176 Table IV.80 Clothing exports by principal region, 2004 ...... 177 Table IV.81 Clothing imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 ...... 178 Table IV.82 Leading exporters and importers of clothing, 2004 ...... 180 Table IV.83 Clothing exports of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 181 Table IV.84 Clothing imports of selected economies, 1990-04 ...... 182

5. Commercial services

5.1 Transportation services

Table IV.85 World exports of transportation services, 2004 ...... 183 Chart IV.13 World exports of transportation services and share in total commercial services, 1997-04 ...... 183 Table IV.86 Share of transportation services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2004 ...... 183 Chart IV.14 Regional shares in world trade in transportation services, 2004 ...... 183 Table IV.87 Leading exporters and importers of transportation services, 2004 ...... 184

5.2 Travel services

Table IV.88 World exports of travel services, 2004 ...... 185 Chart IV.15 World exports of travel services and share in total commercial services, 1997-04 ...... 185 Table IV.89 Share of travel services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2004 ...... 185 Chart IV.16 Regional shares in world trade in travel services, 2004 ...... 185 Table IV.90 Leading exporters and importers of travel services, 2004 ...... 186

5.3 Other commercial services

Table IV.91 World exports of other commercial services, 2004 ...... 187 Chart IV.17 World exports of other commercial services and share in total commercial services, 1997-04 ...... 187 Table IV.92 Share of other commercial services in total trade of commercial services by selected region, 2004 ...... 187 Chart IV.18 Regional shares in world trade in other commercial services, 2004 ...... 187 Table IV.93 Leading exporters and importers of other commercial services, 2004 ...... 188 Chart IV.19 World exports of other commercial services by component and selected region, 2003 ...... 189

Appendix tables

Table A1 World merchandise exports, production and gross domestic product, 1950-04 ...... 191 Table A2 Network of world merchandise trade by region, 2002-04 ...... 192 Table A3 Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 1994-04 ...... 194 Table A4 Merchandise trade by selected groups of countries, 1994-04 ...... 195 Table A5 Trade in commercial services by selected groups of countries, 1994-04 ...... 196 Table A6 World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1994-04 ...... 197 Table A7 World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1994-04 ...... 201 Table A8 World exports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1994-04 ...... 205 Table A9 World imports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1994-04 ...... 208 Table A10 Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 2002-04 ...... 212 x Table A11 Merchandise trade by region and economy, 1994-04 - United States ...... 218 Table A12 Merchandise trade by region and economy, 2000-04 - European Union (25) ...... 219 Table A13 Merchandise trade by region and economy, 1994-04 - Japan ...... 220 Table A14 Merchandise trade by region and economy, 1994-04 - China ...... 221 Table A15 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Canada ...... 222 Table A16 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - United States ...... 224 Table A17 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Brasil ...... 226 Table A18 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - European Union (25) ...... 228 Table A19 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - China ...... 230 Table A20 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - , China ...... 232 Table A21 Domestic exports and re-exports of merchandise by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Hong Kong, China ...... 234 Table A22 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Japan ...... 236 Table A23 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Korea, Rep. of ...... 238 Table A24 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Singapore ...... 240 Table A25 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Taipei, Chinese ...... 242 Table A26 Export prices of primary commodities, 1994-05 ...... 244 Table A27 Export prices of Germany, Japan and the United States by commodity group, 1994-04 ...... 245 Table A28 Import prices of Germany, Japan and the United States by commodity group, 1994-04 ...... 246

World maps

Map M1 Composition of geographical regions ...... 247 Map M2 WTO Members and Observers ...... 248 Map M3 Ratio of exports and imports of goods and commercial services to GDP, 2002 ...... 249 Map M4 Exports of goods and commercial services per capita, 2002 ...... 250

xi xii Abbreviations and symbols

ACP African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States HS Harmonized Commodity Description and ASEAN Association of South-East Asian Nations Coding System AFTA ASEAN Free Trade Area IEA International Energy Agency BOP Balance of Payments IMF International Monetary Fund BPM5 Balance of Payments Manual, fifth edition ISIC International Standard Industrial Classification CACM Central American Common Market LDCs Least-developed countries CARICOM Caribbean Common Market MERCOSUR Southern Common Market CEMA Economic and Monetary Community of Central NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement African States OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and CIS Commonwealth of Independent States Development COMESA Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa SAARC South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation ECCAS Economic Community of Central African States SADC South African Development Community ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States SAPTA South Asian Preferential Trade Arrangement EFTA European Free Trade Association SITC Standard International Trade Classification EU European Union WAEMU West African Economic and Monetary Union EUROSTAT Statistical Office of the European Communities UNECE United Nations Economic Commission for Europe FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of the United UNECLAC United Nations Economic Commission for Latin Nations America and the Caribbean FDI Foreign Direct Investment UNCTAD United Nations Conference on Trade and GCC Gulf Co-operation Council Development GDP Gross Domestic Product UNIDO United Nations Industrial Development GNP Gross National Product Organization UNSD United Nations Statistics Division

c.i.f. cost, insurance and freight f.o.b. free on board n.e.s. not elsewhere specified n.i.e. not included elsewhere

The following symbols are used in this publication:

... not available 0 figure is zero or became zero due to rounding - not applicable $ United States dollars Q1, Q2 1st quarter, 2nd quarter I break in comparability of data series. Data after the symbol do not form a consistent series with those from earlier years.

Billion means one thousand million.

Minor discrepancies between constituent figures and totals are due to rounding.

Unless otherwise indicated, (i) all value figures are expressed in U.S. dollars; (ii) trade figures include the intra-trade of free trade areas, customs unions, geographical and other groups; (iii) merchandise trade figures are on a customs basis and (iv) merchandise exports are f.o.b. and merchandise imports are c.i.f. Data for the latest year are provisional.

Closing date 31 August 2005

xiii xiv World Trade Developments in 2004 and Prospects for 2005

supplier in the world. Chart 1 below highlights China’s increased 1. Highlights of world trade in 2004 importance as a trading partner for selected economies between 2000 and 2004. Unsurprisingly, the share of China tends to The year 2004 witnessed strong economic growth across be particularly high in many Asian economies, and a number most major regions, providing a solid basis for vigorous global of commodity exporters in Africa and the Middle East are also World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005 trade expansion. Trade and GDP were particularly buoyant shipping a major part of their exports to China (e.g. Sudan, in South and Central America and in the Commonwealth of Congo and Yemen). Independent States (CIS), while North America, Asia and to a For a number of countries, China’s export or import share lesser extent Europe also recorded some acceleration in trade has doubled over the last four years. The rapid rise of China and output growth. A noteworthy feature in 2004 was that the in international trade is creating opportunities for many but two most populous countries in the world – China and India also calling for adjustment from others. Suppliers of primary – recorded outstanding economic growth (9.5 per cent and commodities welcome increased Chinese demand, while other 7.3 per cent respectively) and trade expansion for the second importers have to compete more strongly and pay, on average, year in a row. higher prices for their commodity imports. China’s enhanced Trade growth continued to exceed output growth in 2004. role as a supplier of electronic goods and textile products has Sectoral developments highlight the fact that the excess of trade sharpened the competition and exerted a downward pressure on over output growth was particularly large for manufactures and prices in these sectors. While this is good news for consumers, only marginal for agricultural products. The volume of trade producers of these goods in developed and developing countries in fuels and other mining products expanded somewhat faster are forced to adjust to a new situation. The international trading than output, with output recording its highest growth in more system faces a challenge in ensuring that these adjustments than a decade. The sharp rise in demand for many primary proceed gradually without protectionist backlashes. The ongoing commodities, in particular fuels and other mining products, trade negotiations of the Doha Round provide an opportunity resulted in tight markets and substantial price increases. The to strengthen the global trading system against costly inward- depreciation of the US dollar by nine per cent vis-à-vis a basket looking tendencies. of European currencies in 2004 contributed to a rise in Europe’s dollar trade prices and nominal trade values. The combination of Chart 1 higher commodity prices and stronger European currencies led Share of China in selected economies' merchandise to a double-digit nominal price rate of growth in international exports and imports, 2000 and 2004 trade. (Percentage share) Price developments were often the major factor in explaining the relative strength of trade flows in 2004. This observation Sudan Hong Kong, China 64% is valid for both merchandise and commercial services trade. Korea Dem. Rep. a Largely due to sharply higher prices, the value of world exports Yemen Congo a of iron and steel, ores and minerals, non-ferrous metals and Korea Rep. fuels increased between 30 per cent and 45 per cent in 2004. Chinese Taipei Macao, China This recent surge in value growth contrasted with the long-term Japan decline of the shares of these product categories in world trade. Chile A new and more detailed product breakdown of world Singapore Australia merchandise trade presented in this report highlights the India strength of exports of scientific and controlling instruments, Thailand Indonesia which expanded faster than other manufactured goods, both Malaysia Exports the short- and medium-term. In 2004, trade in scientific and Brazil New Zealand controlling instruments almost equalled that in textiles. Extra-EU(25) Merchandise exports of the (CIS), Africa, and the Middle United States East, consisting for the most part of fuels and other mining 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 products, rose between 29 per cent and 37 per cent in 2004. Myanmar a South and Central America’s exports, which are more diversified, Macao, China increased by nearly 30 per cent, helped by the economic Hong Kong, China recovery in Argentina and Venezuela. Imports of Asia, Europe Kyrgystan a Korea Dem. Rep. a and North America, all net importers of fuels and other mining Japan products, increased in value terms faster than exports largely Cambodia due to relative price developments. The rise in commodity prices, United States together with an increase in fuel export volumes, enabled the Korea Rep. Australia LDCs to participate fully in the global trade expansion and to Extra-EU(25) increase their share in world merchandise exports and imports United Arab Emirates a in 2004. New Zealand Chinese Taipei A particularly notable feature of world trade in 2004, after Malaysia Imports the rise of oil prices, was the continuing emergence of China Indonesia Thailand as a major market for, and supplier of, goods and services. The South Africa sustained and dynamic growth of China’s exports and imports Brazil over recent years ranked it third among the leading traders in 0 10 20 30 40 50 2004. For many commodities, China has become the largest importer and for a number of manufactured goods, the largest a 2003 instead of 2004 2000 2004

1 World trade developments

2 in 2004 and prospects for 2005 developments in2004 2. Trade volumeandoutput merchandise. and importgrowthofserviceswas lessdynamic thanthatof accounts data. According tothisinformation, realexport some majortraders, informationisprovidedintheirnational to estimatedueinsufficientpriceinformation. However, for and 2002)onlyregaineditspreviouspeaklevelof2000in2004. while North America’s exportvolume(duetocontraction in2001 to haveincreasedby40 per cent, fromEuropeby13per cent, 2004, theexportvolumeofmanufacturesfrom Asia isestimated more outstandingoverthemediumterm. Between2000 and trade. The strengthof Asia’s trade performancehadbeeneven expanded by15 per cent andamountto30per cent ofworld Asia’s realexportsofmanufactures areestimatedtohave account fornearlytwothirdsofglobaltrade inmanufactures. global trade inmanufactures. The tworegionscombinedstill was theprincipalfactorbehindmorevigorousexpansionof exports fromNorth America (9percent)andEurope(7 in 2004, thehighestperformancesince2000. A reboundof 2 andChartII.1). of merchandisetrade growthovermerchandise output(seeChart manufacturing sectorwhichislargelyresponsiblefortheexcess output byalargemargin. Onceagain, itismainlythe 10 per cent in2004, exceededgrowthinglobalmanufacturing strong annualexpansioninoutputwas lastseenin1989. mining sectorrosebysomewhatmorethan4 per cent. Sucha their highoilimportdemand. Outputgrowthintheglobal exports weredirectedtotheUnitedStatesandChinacover long termgrowth(1973-2004). A largepartoftheincreased expansion in2004, whichsignificantlyexceededtheaverage expansion oftheCISand Africa, contributedtothisrobusttrade both Americas, combinedwithacontinuationofthehighexport major supplier, toabout5 per cent. A reboundofexportsfrom despite adeceleration ofshipmentsfrom theMiddleEast, the was evenmorevigorousthanintheprecedingyear. This was in fuelsandminingproducts2004was 5.5 per cent, which rise inglobaltrade inthiscategory. The expansionoftrade international markets wenttogetherwithafurtherstrongvolume since 2000. exceed outputgrowth(3percent), butbythesmallestmargin by 3percentin2004. Agricultural trade growthcontinuedto Asia, anetimporterofagricultural products, increaseditsexports CIS regionand Africa, recordedaboveaverage exportgrowth. the globalaverage. SouthandCentral America, aswellthe and thoseofEuroperoseby2.5per cent, whichwas lessthan year. North American exportsofagricultural productsstagnated by 3.5per cent in2004, arate unchangedfromthepreceding rose bymorethan5 per cent (Chart2). the bestresultsince2000, whenglobalmerchandiseproduction as in2003. World merchandiseproductionwas upby4 per cent, manufactures, whichexpandedby10 per cent, ortwiceasfast is attributablelargelytothedynamicperformanceoftrade in per cent, thehighestperformance since2000. This acceleration Real trade incommercialservicesatagloballevelis difficult Trade inmanufacturesroseby10 per cent inrealterms Global trade growthinmanufactures, whichexpandedby Sharply higherpricesforfuelsandminingproductson Agricultural trade isestimatedtohavegrowninrealterms In 2004, thevolumeofmerchandisetrade exportsroseby9 1 Manufactures 2000. but stillaccountforasmallershareinservicestrade thanin commercial services. Travel servicesrecoveredstronglyin2004, expansion oftransportation servicesexceededthatofother of about9 per cent. For thefirsttimesince1995, theexport and commercialservicesexportsroseatanaverage annualrate (Table 1). Between2000and2004, bothglobalmerchandise in 2004, andforthefirsttimesurpassed$2 trillion mark respectively. World commercialservicesexportsrose18 per cent agricultural products, whichroseby20percentand15 per cent preceding year, substantiallyfasterthantrade inmanufacturesor products expandedbyalmostonethirdin2004and, asinthe half ofthisvalue increase. Exportsoffuelsandothermining (see Table II.1). Pricechangesaccountedforslightlymorethan This representsthestrongestannualvalue increasesince1979 merchandise trade expandedby21 per cent, to$8.9 trillion. transportation servicesrecordedverysharpincreases. World volume andpricechanges. Pricesofprimaryproductsand services trade indollarvaluebysector 3. Merchandise andcommercial goods trade was significantly strongerthanthatofservicestrade and realservicesimports byabout3percentin2004. Again, theexpansion of real goodstrade. IntheEU(25)realservicesexportswentupbynearly5percent cent in2004, ineachcaseabout1.5percentagepointslessthantheriseits 1 Inthe UnitedStatesrealservicesexportsrose7.4percentandimports9.6 Agriculture (Percentage change) output bysectorin2004 Volume growth ofworldmerchandise trade and Chart 2 Fuels and products In 2004, thedollarvalue ofworldtrade was boostedby mining 0 2 4 68 10 12 output World World trade Trade Output Europe States. Merchandise trade byproductgroup differences observedinvalue growtharelargelyexplainedby far weaker, ranging between15and11 per cent. The wide products, textiles, andclothing–theexportgrowthwas per centand31 per cent, whileforthreeothers –agricultural ferrous metals, andfuels–worldexportsexpandedbetween46 four productgroups–ironandsteel, oresandminerals, non- year value changesbetweenthevarious productgroups. In trade in2004was theunusuallylargevariation intheyear-to- changes, seeBox.1. Oneoutstandingfeatureofmerchandise new, moredetailedproductbreakdown. For adescriptionof 2004 isprovidedinChart 3 andin Table IV.1 accordingtoa omrilsrie 22 9 1 18 14 7 9 2125 Commercial services Merchandise 8907 9 5 17 21 economies) and theCommonwealthofIndependent States(transition (Billion dollarsandpercentage) World exportsofmerchandiseandcommercialservices,2000-04 Table 1 te omrilsrie 10 1 1 1 16 15 16 32 16 23 10 6 0 11 9 10 1000 783 1281 Other commercialservices Travel 625 Transportation 500 Manufactures 6570 Fuels andminingproducts Agricultural products 10 7 9 4 5 4 14 16 10 23 20 18 An overviewofworldmerchandiseexportsbyproductin European Union(25) groups Summary ofchangestothegeographical groups in WTO’s trade statistics Box 1: Newcountryandproduct been created: Union inMay2004renderedourpreviousgroups in thisyear’s editionof and commoditygroupswhichappearforthefirsttime products. Pleaserefer tothetechnicalnotesfordetails. more detailedbreakdownshavebeenprovidedforcertain groups havebeencarriedoverwithfewchanges, although inclusion ofMexicoinNorth America. Existingproduct of theEuropeanUnionfrom15to25membersand changes tothegeographical groupsinvolvetheenlargement with earliereditionsofthepublication. The mostimportant still maintainingahighdegreeofhistoricalconsistency into recenteconomicandtechnologicaldevelopments, while hoped thatthesechangeswillprovideadditionalinsight The accessionof10newmemberStatestotheEuropean The WTO hasrecentlyadoptednewstandardgeographical The new and obsolete. Consequently, twonewgroupshave Central andEasternEurope,theBaltic States Europe Europe and andthe International TradeStatistics. aggregate isdividedintothe Other Europe Commonwealth ofIndependent . Value 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004 Western Itis Caribbean partner levelpriortotheyear2000. historically consistenttimeseriesatthedetailedproductby the newclassification, butsomehavebeenrenamedin for majorproducts. addition ofnewgroupstoprovide moredetailedbreakdowns promote transparency andclarityofpresentations; and2)the two broadcategories: 1)the renamingofexistinggroupsto revisions to WTO’s productgroups. These revisionsfallinto developments inrecentyearsthatwarranted thecurrent in globaltrade patterns. There havebeen manysuch to accountfortechnologicaldevelopmentsandchanges Summary ofchangestotheproductgroups for thenew through ouronlinedatabaseathttp://stat.wto.org. However, figures for unchanged frompreviousyears. dominated with theregion. Inthepast, Mexicantrade flowslargely geographic locationanditshighlevelofeconomicintegration by anewgrouplabelled a result, theformer tended todistortaggregatetrade figuresfortheregion. As Europe, Asia and North America. Europe,and Asia in thisproductgroupislargelyconcentrated onflowsbetween $188 billion, nearlymatchingworldexportsoftextiles. Trade In 2004, worldexportsinthiscategoryroseby27 per cent, to category scientificandcontrollinginstrumentsinrecentyears. in thisreportalsohighlightsthedynamictrade expansionofthe Tables A.26 through A.28. The newproductbreakdownadopted 9 per cent. For moreinformationontrade prices, see Appendix 28 per cent, whilethoseforagricultural productsroseby import pricesforfuelsandotherminingproductsaveraged 40 per cent, whilethoseofclothingstagnated. UnitedStates US importpricesforironandsteelproductsrosebynearly price developmentsillustrate thisfeaturerather well. In2004, the divergentpricetrendsamongproducts. UnitedStatesimport All existing WTO products havebeencarriedoverunder Product classificationsrequireperiodicadjustments Mexico hasbeenincludedin It willstillbepossibleforuserstoobtainregionaltrade LatinAmerica which excludesMexico. Otherregionsremain Latin America’s Europe Annual percentagechange LatinAmerica aggregate, weareunabletoprovide and South andCentralAmericathe trade withtheUnitedStatesand NorthAmericaexcludingMexico North America grouphasbeenreplaced because ofits 3 World trade developments in 2004 and prospects for 2005 Box 1 (continued) pharmaceutical products in international trade. Office and telecommunications equipment has also been disaggregated the interest of clarity. For example, the previous Mining into the subgroups Electronic data processing and office products group continues to exist under the new name equipment, Telecommunications equipment and Integrated Fuels and mining products. This change reflects the fact circuits and electronic components. Other consumer goods, that fuels represent the largest component of this particular renamed as Other manufactured goods, were subdivided aggregate. Another example is the former Electrical machinery into Personal and household goods, Scientific and controlling World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005 and apparatus, which has been renamed simply Electrical instruments, and Miscellaneous manufactures. This was done machinery to facilitate presentation in tables. because the existing groups had become quite large and More significant from the user’s point of view is the were too heterogeneous to provide meaningful information. addition of new product aggregates. The group Chemicals Please refer to the technical notes for the precise definitions has now been broken down into Pharmaceuticals and of the new products. Other chemicals due to the increased importance of

World exports of agricultural products expanded by Chart 3 15 per cent, to $783 billion dollars in 2004.2 Export growth World merchandise exports by product group, 2004 was not only less rapid than in 2003, but also lower than for world merchandise trade, bringing the share of agricultural (Annual percentage change) products in global merchandise trade back to its long-term low of 8.8 per cent (first reached in 2000). The rise in the Iron and steel ($266bn) Ores & minerals dollar value of global agricultural trade is attributable largely to ($116bn) Non-ferrous metals price developments, as unit values of agricultural products are ($172bn) estimated to have increased by 11 per cent in 2004. Exports of Fuels ($993bn) Scientific and controlling agricultural raw materials expanded faster than those of food, instruments ($188bn) Other chemicals which represents a departure from past trends. Europe’s exports ($729bn) Other machinery of agricultural products rose somewhat less than global trade, ($1134bn) Pharmaceuticals and accounted for 47 per cent of world exports in 2004. Intra- ($247bn) European trade in agricultural products represented 38 per cent Office & telecom. equip. ($1134bn) of the world total in these products in 2004. North America Other semi manufactures ($633bn) Average not only recorded the slowest export growth in 2004, but its Automotive products ($847bn) share in world exports of agricultural products has decreased Agricultural products ($783bn) by 4 percentage points since 2000, to less than 17 per cent in Textiles ($195bn) 2004. United States exports of agricultural products, affected Clothing ($258bn) by poor weather and the discovery of Bovine Spongiform Encephalitis (BSE) in the US cattle livestock in December 2003, 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 recorded 4 per cent growth – the lowest rate among the major exporters (see Table IV.8).3 Agricultural product exports of South Hong Kong, China, the Republic of Korea and Chinese Taipei and Central America, Africa and the CIS recorded above-average experienced an absolute decline in their export shipments of growth for the second year in a row. Consequently, their share clothing, as did the United States and Mexico, not only in 2004 in world exports in this category has increased markedly between but in each of the four years ahead of the termination of the ATC 2000 and 2004. Although Asia’s agricultural exports have quota system (December 31, 2004). Among the countries that exceeded those of North America since 2003, the region remains increased their share in (textiles and) clothing exports in recent the world’s largest net importer. Australia’s exports rebounded years are China, Turkey, Romania, Viet Nam and Tunisia. These by 35 per cent, the strongest gain among the leading agricultural countries recorded double digit export growth not only in 2004, exporters in 2004. Among the leading agricultural importers, but also over the entire 2000-2004 period. China reported an import expansion of about 40 per cent for the Among the major suppliers, China expanded its shipments second year in a row. of textiles and clothing more than two times faster than global Exports of textiles and clothing recorded increases of 13 per trade over the last four years.5 In 2004, US imports of clothing cent and 11 per cent respectively, the weakest growth among the from China rose by more than one third, to $16.2 billion, major product groups in 2004. The relatively lacklustre growth exceeding for the first time the corresponding imports of the in the dollar value of these products can be partly attributed to EU(25) and Japan (Table IV.81). Europe’s textile and clothing moderate price changes.4 Since 2000, the combined share of exports increased somewhat more than 10 per cent, and thereby textiles and clothing has decreased by one half of a percentage only slightly less than world trade. Africa’s exports of clothing point, to 5.1 per cent of world merchandise exports in 2004. The rose by about 10 per cent, to $9.5 billion in 2004. Although rather moderate nominal expansion of world trade in textiles and African exports continued to expand faster to the United States clothing was accompanied by profound shifts among suppliers. than to the EU(25) market, and continued to gain import market share in the former and a loss in the second, African clothing shipments to the EU(25) ($7.7 billion) were still three times 2 The definition of agricultural products applied in this report differs from that larger than those to the United States (see Table IV.81). used in the WTO . See Technical Notes in the Appendix. 3 Bad weather and diseases led to an 11 per cent decline in US soybean production and a 15 per cent fall in US soybean exports. Cattle and beef exports shrank by 83 per cent or 2.9 billion in 2004. 5 Some caution is indicated in the analysis of the rise in China’s textiles trade. 4 In the United States, for example, clothing import prices stagnated, while import Chinese customs reports indicate that $2.4 billion or 16 per cent of China’s prices of all merchandise rose by 5.7 per cent (see Appendix Table A28). United textiles imports originated from China in 2004. These imports from China entail a States clothing imports rose by 6 per cent in value and volume terms in 2004. certain type of double counting (see Box 2).

4 World trade in automotive products rose by 16 per cent, to Only in 2004 did these two product groups recover fully from $847 billion in 2004. For the first time since 1997, trade in their trade contraction and attain their previous peak level of automotive products expanded less than that of manufactured 2000. goods. Europe’s exports of automotive products again rose A regional breakdown of exports of office and telecom faster than the global average and accounted for 57 per cent of equipment in 2004 confirms Asia’s leading role in world trade in world trade. A large part of this increase is due to an expansion these products. Asia’s exports of office and telecom equipment of intra-European trade. Asia’s exports expanded by 20 per cent, rose by 25 per cent, two times faster than exports of all the to $172.5 billion in 2004, exceeding for the first time those other regions combined (12.4 per cent). Within Asia it is above World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005 of North America. Among the Asian countries, the Republic of all the rise of exports from China which is outstanding. Its Korea sharply increased its exports (40 per cent) while those exports of office and telecom equipment are reported to have of Japan continued to lag behind the growth in global exports increased by 46 per cent, or three times faster than the rest of of automotive products. Despite this less dynamic export the world. The increase of Chinese imports by more than one performance, Japan still accounts for more than two thirds of third is still twice that of all other countries combined. China Asia’s automotive exports. The share of North America in world has become the world’s largest importer of integrated circuits exports of automotive products decreased by 7 percentage points and its exports of EDP and office equipment exceeded the between 2000 and 2004, to 20.3 per cent of world exports. combined exports of the United States and Japan (Tables IV.50 Most of this decline has to be attributed to the sluggishness of and IV.58). intra-North American trade. The net-fuel exporting regions – the It is a well known feature of international trade in office and Middle East, Africa, the CIS and to a lesser extent also South and telecom equipment that it contains a large element of double Central America – have been the most dynamic import markets counting linked to the deep cross-border integration of the for automotive products over the last two years. While Europe’s production process of electronic goods. This leads to a large automotive product exports exceed those of Asia to Africa and back-and-forward flow of intermediate inputs or components. the CIS, Asian exports are greater than those of Europe to the In the case of China, a further element to be taken into account Middle East and to South and Central America (see Table IV.64). is the ever closer link between the Chinese economy and that International trade in office and telecom equipment rose of Hong Kong, China. There are few trade barriers left between 19 per cent, to $1134 billion in 2004. Trade in this product China and Hong Kong, China. The latter economy has long category expanded at nearly twice the rate of world merchandise since abolished all tariffs and China’s imports into bonded areas, trade in the , but has fallen short of the rate of global the main source of its exports, are also duty free. In addition, trade expansion in each year since 2000. A new breakdown the Closer Economic Partnership Agreement (CEPA) between of world trade statistics in office telecom equipment into three the two economies and China’s membership in the Information subcategories, namely electronic data processing (EDP) and Technology Agreement (ITA) provide for duty free import into office equipment, telecom equipment and integrated circuits, China of a large number of IT products. Against this background reveals marked differences in their recent trade performance. one has to note that a large and increasing part of China’s trade International trade in telecom equipment was the least affected in office and telecom equipment is affected by exports of office by the burst of the IT bubble in 2001-02 and recorded an and telecom products which return to China after being exported outstanding growth rate of 25 per cent in 2004. Exports of EDP to Hong Kong, China, which is used as a transportation/ and office equipment, as well as those of integrated circuits, distribution hub (see Box 2). contracted sharply in 2001-02 and grew less strongly thereafter.

Box 2: China’s trade statistics thus complicating the analysis of China’s reported trade by trading partner. The sharp rise in recent years of this China’s share in world merchandise trade has more than particular trade flow can be attributed to various factors, all doubled over the last decade and exceeded 6 per cent in of which are linked to these closer economic ties between 2004. An analysis of this outstanding trade performance calls China and Hong Kong, China: for good knowledge of China’s trade statistics. A closer look Hong Kong, China’s conversion to a services economy at China’s merchandise trade returns reveals a unique feature: was supported by its enhanced role as a distribution centre China reports sharply rising imports from China, a trade flow of globally operating multinationals with production plants in which accounted for nearly 7 per cent (or $38.7 billion) of China. These firms produce goods in China, export them to its merchandise imports in 20041. These imports consist an affiliated or unaffiliated global distributor located in Hong of products which have been “produced or manufactured Kong, China, from which goods are then shipped to many wholly” in China and have not undergone “substantial destinations including shipments back to China. transformation” abroad after being exported. Even if Some goods produced in one bonded area in China have China’s customs authorities strictly apply the international to be processed further or used as inputs in a plant located in recommendations in respect to the “rules of origin”, it might a second bonded area in China. The shipment between the be argued that these goods should not to be considered as a two plants may, however, be made not directly but via Hong part of China’s foreign trade (with adjustments made on both Kong, China. The reason for this triangular trade could be the export and import side) in an economic analysis. higher administrative and/or transportation costs between the What explanation can be given for the existence and rise two bonded areas in China than between bonded areas in of China’s imports from China? The deep integration of the China and Hong Kong, China. The higher administrative costs economy of Hong Kong, China with that of China through (time and fees) for trade between bonded areas in China FDI flows and reduced trade barriers increases not only the might be due to the administration of collection and tax exchanges between the two economies, but blurs in some refund systems. Triangular trade flows between two bonded cases the differences between foreign and domestic trade, areas in China via Hong Kong, China and the return of goods

5 Box 2 (continued) is too small (less than 30 per cent) to qualify as a foreign product (of Hong Kong, China). through a distribution platform located in Hong Kong, China The product structure of China’s imports from China obviously involve minimal value-added. The question arises reveals that in absolute terms, office and telecom equipment whether these trade flows should be recorded as foreign is the largest category ($19.5 billion in 2004) in this trade. particular trade flow. The share of these returned goods is Another category of products reported as imports from particularly large in electronic data processing equipment (29 World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005 China involve trade flows linked to inward processing per cent), telecom equipment (25 per cent) and in textiles activities of Hong Kong, China based companies. Textiles imports (16 per cent). produced in China which undergo some transformation by

a Hong Kong, China company in Hong Kong, China, and are 1 General Administration of Customs of the People’s Republic of China, China’s thereafter returned to China, may include value added that Customs Statistics, Monthly Exports and Imports, 12, 2004, p.4

In 2004, international trade in chemicals continued to The share of crude petroleum and petroleum products in expand faster than trade in manufactures. Global exports of international fuels trade has remained rather stable over the chemicals rose by 21 per cent to $976 billion and accounted for last decades, at about 80 per cent, which is more than twice the 11 per cent of world merchandise trade for the first time. Trade share oil holds in global energy consumption. Natural gas has in pharmaceuticals, which was the most dynamic component of increased its share in the value of world fuels trade to about world chemicals trade over the last decade, expanded slightly 13 per cent, largely at the expense of coal, which in 2004 is less than other chemicals, which rose by 22 per cent in 2004.6 estimated to have counted for about 5 per cent. The Middle Other chemicals include petrochemicals, which recorded a East remained by far the largest exporter of fuels in 2004 ($284 substantial price increase in 2004, contributing to a large rise billion), although both the CIS and Africa recorded larger export in export values. Largely due to these relative price differences growth not only in 2004, but also over the 2000-04 period. between pharmaceuticals and other chemicals, all regions whose Africa’s oil production rose by 10 per cent, or more than twice chemicals exports contain a large share of petrochemicals, such global output growth, in 2004. Its fuels exports, estimated at as the Middle East, the CIS and South and Central America, $120 billion, exceeded those of the CIS for the first time. The recorded particularly strong growth in their chemical exports in expansion of African fuel exports in recent years is partly due to 2004 (ranging between 25 per cent and 30 per cent). North the emergence of new producers and exporters in the region, America’s exports of pharmaceuticals, which lost market such as Chad, Equatorial Guinea and Sudan. Despite the rise in shares at the beginning of this decade, surged 25 per cent in the number of African oil exporters, a large majority of the more 2004, boosted by an increase of one third in US shipments than fifty African countries remain net importers of fuels.8 to Europe. Despite this marked rise of US exports to Europe, the bilateral trade flow in pharmaceuticals remained largely Commercial services trade9 in favour of Europe (Table A.16). European pharmaceutical exports to the world rose to $200 billion and accounted for Exports of transportation services increased in 2004 by about 80 per cent of world trade. Intra-European trade alone 23 per cent to $500 billion. Among the three major commercial accounts for 56 per cent of world pharmaceutical exports in services categories, transportation services account for the 2004. Switzerland maintained its prominent position as the smallest share but for the strongest increase in 2004. This is world’s third largest exporter. Its pharmaceuticals exports rose a departure from past trends, when transportation services by 23 per cent, to $23 billion, and nearly matched those of the recorded trade growth well below that of the two other services United States (see Table IV.40). categories. An explanation for this untypical development The sharp rise in average crude petroleum and coal prices can be found in the combination of strong merchandise in 2004 boosted the dollar value of international fuels trade trade growth and higher transportation costs.10 Asia and the to nearly $1000 billion, a new record level. Strong domestic CIS region, which recorded the most dynamic expansion of oil demand in the United States and China, which was not merchandise trade, also reported the largest increase in imports matched by an increase in domestic oil output, led to a surge of transportation services. in net imports of oil. Although global oil production rose Travel services rose worldwide by 18 per cent, to $626 billion, by 4.5 per cent in 2004, the rise in import demand led to a and thereby much faster than in the preceding year. This reduction in spare production and refining capacity, and as acceleration in the export growth of travel services can be largely temporary transportation bottlenecks emerged, tight markets attributed to the rebound of exports in Asia (31 per cent) after resulted in higher prices. Chart 4 reports on the evolution of oil the contraction in 2003 caused by the outbreak of the SARS demand in some major economies and highlights the marked rise epidemic. Asia’s travel receipts in 2004 exceeded those of North of oil imports of the United States, China and India. The EU(15), America (including Mexico) for the first time, although the latter Japan and the Republic of Korea which had long been large net region recorded positive annual growth for the first time after importers of oil, diversified their energy sources and limited the the events of September 11, 2001. United States’ exports of rise in oil demand over the last decades.7

8 See WTO, World Trade Report 2005, Part B, on oil market developments and 6 A review of the dynamic expansion of world exports of pharmaceuticals can be developing countries. found in WTO, World Trade Report 2005 available at : http://www.wto.org/english/ 9 Commercial services data reported below are based on Balance of Payments res_e/booksp_e/anrep_e/wtr05-1b_e.pdf Statistics which do not cover all modes of supply. For the relative importance of 7 In the case of the EU(15) the rise in North Sea oil production sharply reduced modes of supply in trade of commercial services, see Box 3. the need for extra-regional oil imports. Beside energy conservation measures, an 10 According to U.S. Department of Labor statistics, oil tanker freight rates increase in liquefied natural gas contributed to limit oil imports of Japan and the increased by more than one third and those of ocean liner freights by 9 per cent Republic of Korea. in 2004.

6 Chart 4 Oil demand and net oil imports of selected economies, 1971-2004 (Million metric tons)

India Korea, Republic of 300 300 World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005 250 250 Net Imports Demand 200 200

150 150

100 100

50 50

0 0

1 4 7 0 3 6 9 2 5 8 1 4 1 4 7 0 3 6 9 2 5 8 1 4 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 0 0 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 0 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2

China Japan 300 300

250 250

200 200

150 150

100 100

50 50

0 0

1 4 7 0 3 6 9 2 5 8 1 4 1 4 7 0 3 6 9 2 5 8 1 4 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 0 0 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 0 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2

United States EU (15) 1000 1000

800 800

600 600

400 400

200 200

0 0

1 4 7 0 3 6 9 2 5 8 1 4 1 5 9 3 7 1 5 9 3 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 9 9 9 0 0 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 0 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2

Source: IEA, Oil information 2005.

travel receipts in 2004 did not fully recover to their previous of travel receipts (e.g. Egypt 34 per cent, Tunisia 25 per cent peak level observed in 2000. Europe, which accounts for more and Morocco 22 per cent). The expansion of South and Central than one half of global travel receipts, was the only region which America’s exports of travel services (15 per cent) remained recorded lower growth in 2004 than in 2003, a development below the global average, as the sharply higher receipts of Brazil largely due to the more moderate appreciation of the US dollar (30 per cent), Argentina (28 per cent) and Chile (27 per cent) vis-à-vis the euro and other European currencies (see Chart contrasted with the stagnation of receipts of the Dominican 8).11 African travel receipts continued to expand for the second Republic. The Dominican Republic, which was the region’s year in a row, at a rate faster than worldwide receipts. In largest exporter of travel services during the 2001-2003 period, particular, North African countries reported a strong expansion was replaced by Brazil, which became South America’s leading exporter of travel services for the first time in 2004.

11 Expressed in euro terms, Europe’s travel receipts rose by 4.1 per cent in 2004 and -0.9 per cent in 2003.

7 Box 3: The relative importance Statistical coverage of modes of supply (approximations) of modes of supply in trade of commercial services Mode of supply Relevant statistical The GATS refers to measures by Members affecting trade domains in services whereby “services” include[s] any service in any World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005 BOP: part of sector except services supplied in the exercise of governmental 1 Mode 1: commercial services authority. For the purpose of the negotiations, services Cross border supply (excluding travel and were detailed in the Services Sectoral Classification List construction services) (GNS/W/120). GATS also defines four different modes Mode 2: through which services can be supplied. These are cross- BOP: Travel border (mode 1), consumption abroad (mode 2), commercial Consumption abroad presence (mode 3) and presence of natural persons (mode 4). FATS statistics Members of the WTO specify their commitments by type of Mode 3: BOP: construction Commercial presence service and by mode. services (part of) Trade analysts and negotiators are naturally interested BOP: part of in information on trade in services according to the above commercial services categories. Unfortunately, current statistical measures for Mode 4: (excluding travel) international trade in services do not fully match the coverage Presence of natural persons BOP: labour-related of the Services Sectoral Classification List nor do they allow flows (supplementary information) for the modal allocation of these transactions. The recently adopted Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services sets out a statistical framework that It should be mentioned that this approach does not strictly attempts to close this gap. It allows for an improved adhere to GATS concepts. Nevertheless, it allows a statistical assessment of services trade liberalization in a GATS context.2 approximation to be made on the relative importance of It builds on existing statistical frameworks such as the IMF modes of supply. Balance of Payments Manual (BPM5) to measure flows FATS statistics are a new statistical framework that related to modes 1, 2 and 4, and suggests the development countries have started to implement in their standard data of a new statistical framework for collecting information on collection activities. The aim of this framework is to measure the activities of affiliates abroad, the Foreign Affiliate Trade in the affiliates activities, for example, their sales or value Services (FATS) statistics framework. added. Currently, these statistics are mostly available for The Balance of Payments (BOP) records international OECD members. Using these data on services-producing transactions between residents and non-residents of an activities, the Secretariat estimated that global sales delivered economy. For services, these transactions are classified through “commercial presence” are approximately 1.5 according to 11 main components: transportation, travel, times higher than conventional trade (cross-border supply of communication, construction, insurance, , services).4 Combining this estimate with BOP statistics allows computer and information services, royalties and licence fees, an estimation of trade flows in services according to their other services, personal, cultural and recreational relative importance as follows: services, and government services not included elsewhere. While these components collectively match the GATS product coverage relatively well, some deviations exist. For example, of the larger BOP royalties and licence fees cross-border supply 35% component GATS refers only to franchise payments. Also the BOP statistics record the value of repair of most goods sent consumption abroad 10-15% abroad in the goods account. A further difficulty is that these international transactions commercial presence 50% in services often include delivery through several modes. Currently, statistical systems are not able to identify the presence of natural persons 1-2% share of different modes in an international transaction. The Manual consequently suggests the allocation of a services component to the mode believed to be mostly employed for delivering the service. For example, transportation services are deemed to be supplied cross-border and the transactions would be allocated to mode 1. Following this simplified approach, the Manual recommends the following statistical coverage of modes of supply.3

1 The Results of the of Multilateral Trade Negotiations, The Legal Texts, WTO, 1995. 2 Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services, Statistical Papers, Series M, No.86, United Nations. 3 Manual on Statistics of International Trade in Services, Statistical Papers, 4 For more detailed information on FATS statistics, see International Trade Series M, No.86, United Nations, p.24 Statistics Report 2004, Box 1

8 Exports of other commercial services, the largest and most Chart 5 heterogeneous group of the three major services categories, rose by 16 per cent to $1000 billion in 2004. In contrast to travel World merchandise trade by region, 2004 and transportation services the 2004 growth rate remained (Annual percentage change in dollar values) unchanged from the preceding year, and for the first time since 1995 also weaker than for all services combined. This untypical Commonwealth of weak performance of other commercial services can be partly Independent States attributed to developments in US services trade. In 2004, US Africa World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005 receipts for telecom services declined and those of insurance and services rose only marginally.12 In contrast to Middle East the deceleration of export growth in North America and Europe, South and Central Asia’s exports of other commercial services recorded outstanding America growth of nearly one quarter (its highest annual growth since Asia 1980). Asia’s growth in 2004 is partly affected by statistical 13 Europe Imports revisions, resulting in an improved coverage of trade flows. As Exports Average a consequence of these revisions, India emerged as Asia’s second North America largest exporter of other commercial services in 2004, ahead of China and Hong Kong, China.14 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

North America 4. Trade by region and country Stronger economic growth in North America came together The large impact of the rise in commodity prices in 2004 on with an acceleration of the region’s trade in 2004. The region’s regional trade developments is highlighted by the fact that all imports of both merchandise and commercial services continued those regions which export mainly primary products (i.e. fuels, to expand faster than its exports (Table 2). The nominal trade other mining products and agricultural products) recorded the expansion of the United States, Canada and Mexico followed a highest export growth rates in 2004. In three cases, Africa, rather similar pattern in 2004, as in each country an acceleration the CIS and the Middle East, fuels and other mining products to double digit growth could be observed. However, some accounted for 55 to 75 per cent of their merchandise exports in difference should be flagged in respect to trade volume 2004. The sharply higher export earnings allowed these regions developments. Real merchandise trade in the United States was to expand their merchandise imports at a rate faster than the more dynamic than trade in the other two countries. Canada global average, but still somewhat more slowly than their exports recorded the lowest import growth in the region (8 per cent) (Chart 5). The share of the four regions combined reached and Mexico’s exports recovered in real terms by a moderate 12.8 per cent of world trade, the highest level in more than a 2.5 per cent after contracting over three years. In 2004, decade. Merchandise exports of North America and Europe, Mexico’s clothing exports to the United States decreased, and however, expanded not only less rapidly than global trade those of labour intensive personal and household goods and but also less strongly than their higher priced imports. Asia’s scientific and control instruments stagnated, while shipments merchandise imports also rose faster than exports and more of automotive products rose less than US imports from other rapidly than world trade. Between 2000 and 2004, all regions suppliers. increased their share in merchandise exports at the expense of Intra-North American trade expanded as fast as the North America, a reversal of the developments observed in the region’s total exports but far less than overall imports in 2004. 1990s. North America, which had increased its share in world Between 2000 and 2004, the share of intra-regional trade exports between 1990 and 2000 by almost three percentage remained roughly unchanged at 56 per cent on the export side, points, lost nearly five percentage points in its share over the last but decreased by 4 percentage points to slightly more than four years. 35 per cent on the import side (Table III.13). A summary review of the annual trade performance of more One of the outstanding features of North American trade in than 180 individual countries in 2004 shows that the expansion recent years is the moderate expansion of its exports to Asia was broadly based across individual traders for both merchandise and in particular to Japan, which is still its major export market and commercial services trade (exports and imports). The in Asia. Between 2000 and 2003 North America’s exports to difference between global trade growth (the weighted average), Japan decreased by 29 per cent, while those to China surged the arithmetic average and the median value was less than by 70 per cent. In 2004, North American exports to Japan two percentage points in every case in 2004. In addition, the recovered by 5 per cent, while shipments to China grew by standard deviation of the export and import growth rates, an one quarter. Exports to Europe rose at about the same rate as indicator measuring the degree of variation of variables, was intra-trade, while shipments to South and Central America, the one of the lowest observed in the last decade. Another notable Middle East, Africa and the CIS rose between 19 per cent and development in 2004 was the small number of traders which 31 per cent (Table III.12). recorded a year to year decline in their exports and/or imports Imports from the three latter regions, all net exporters of (ranging from 6 for commercial services imports to 21 for fuels and minerals, were again buoyant, advancing between 23 merchandise exports). per cent and 47 per cent in 2004 (Table III.13). North America’s imports from Europe rose by 13 per cent, at roughly the same 12 Referring to unaffiliated services only. The sluggishness in insurance services was not due to a slowdown in premium receipts but to a marked reduction in rate as intra-trade. Merchandise imports from Asia rose by payments for actual losses. 19 per cent, which was as fast as total imports. The average 13 Major revisions to the commercial services data in recent years were reported in rise in North America’s imports from Asia in 2004 is the result a number of Asian countries, most recently for India. of quite divergent developments among Asian suppliers. While 14 Unfortunately the explanations provided for the sharp upward revision of India’s services trade remain scarce and therefore not fully understood. imports from China surged by more than 30 per cent, those from

9 Table 2 GDP and trade developments in North America, 2000-04

(Annual percentage change)

North America United States Canada

2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005

GDP 2.3 0.8 1.7 2.6 4.1 2.3 0.8 1.6 2.7 4.2 2.5 1.8 3.4 2.0 2.8

Merchandise Exports (value) 2 -6 -4 5 14 1 -7 -5 5 13 3 -6 -3 8 16 Imports (value) 5 -6 1 8 17 5 -6 2 9 17 3 -7 0 8 14

Exports (volume) 0.0 -5.0 -2.5 1.0 7.5 0.5 -6.0 -4.0 3.0 9.0 0.5 -4.0 0.0 -1.5 7.0 Imports (volume) 3.5 -3.5 3.5 4.5 10.5 4.5 -3.0 4.5 5.5 11.0 1.5 -6.0 0.5 4.0 8.0

Commercial services Exports (value) 3 -4 2 5 11 3 -4 2 5 11 4 -3 4 5 11 Imports (value) 6 -1 3 9 13 6 -1 2 8 14 6 -1 3 12 12

Singapore and Hong Kong, China decreased. Imports from Japan 6 per cent respectively. Imports of telecom equipment rose by rose by 11 per cent in 2004, but their value remained below the nearly one quarter, and in marked contrast to exports, imports of peak level reached in 2000. EDP and office equipment and integrated circuits grew at least North American merchandise trade by product recorded large as fast as trade in manufactures (Tables III.10 and III.11). differences in annual variations for 2004, and a similar growth Commercial services exports and imports of the region pattern can be detected for exports and imports. Exports and accelerated to double digit growth but remained less dynamic imports of agricultural products recorded the smallest year to than global trade in 2004. The expansion of services exports year change (at about 10 per cent) among all sectors, while was rather similar for the United States, Canada and Mexico but trade in fuels and other mining products rose between one differed significantly across sectors. The region’s transportation quarter (exports) and one third (imports). Trade in manufactured services exports rose by nearly 19 per cent, while other goods, which account for three quarters of North America’s commercial services exports rose by 6.5 per cent in 2004. As merchandise exports and imports, rose by 14-15 per cent, very already indicated above, US receipts of telecommunication close to the region’s overall trade growth. At a more detailed services declined and those of insurance and education services product level, the variation is considerably larger than for the increased only marginally in 2004. Another factor contributing three major product groups. North American exports of clothing to the region’s sluggish exports of other commercial services shrank in absolute terms for the fourth consecutive year, while exports is the further decrease in Mexico’s exports. those of iron and steel rose by 37 per cent in 2004. Exports of chemicals, and in particular pharmaceuticals, increased by South and Central America (including the more than one fifth, as did telecommunication equipment. The Caribbean) strength of telecom equipment (22 per cent) contrasted with the continued sluggishness of exports in EDP and office equipment (6 per cent) as well as in integrated circuits (4 per cent). Imports Following three years in which the region’s average per capita of iron and steel products surged by 83 per cent, while those income declined, economic output in South and Central America of automotive products and clothing rose by 8 per cent and picked up by 6.3 per cent in 2004. Merchandise trade expanded

Table 3 GDP and trade developments in South and Central America, 2000-04

(Annual percentage change)

South and Central America Brazil Other South and Central America

2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004

GDP 1.8 0.5 -1.4 2.1 6.3 2.2 1.4 1.5 0.6 5.2 1.5 -0.2 -3.8 3.3 7.2

Merchandise Exports (value) 9 -4 0 13 30 15 6 4 21 32 7 -7 -1 10 29 Imports (value) 4 -1 -13 5 27 3 0 -15 2 30 4 -1 -12 7 25

Exports (volume) 6.5 5.0 2.0 6.0 13.0 13.5 11.5 9.0 15.5 19.0 3.0 2.5 -1.0 1.5 10.0 Imports (volume) 1.5 1.5 -11.5 1.5 17.5 -0.5 0.0 -13.5 -3.5 18.0 2.5 2.0 -11.0 3.5 17.0

Commercial services Exports (value) 4 -2 -3 9 14 6 -3 1 9 20 4 -2 -4 10 13 Imports (value) 1 0 -11 4 14 1 2 -15 6 12 2 0 -10 3 15

10 sharply through a combination of higher prices and stronger Chart 6 volume changes. The rebound in the region’s merchandise Product structure of South and Central America's import volume from near stagnation to 17 per cent was merchandise exports, 2004 particularly marked (Table 3). Intra-regional trade rose again (Percentage) slightly faster than extra-regional trade in 2004. Exports to Asia continued to rise sharply (37 per cent) while shipments to North All other America, the region’s largest export market, rose by 27 per cent manufactures Unspecified (10.0%) – somewhat less than the average (Table III.23). Shipments to Food World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005 Europe rose by nearly 30 per cent, accounting for more than one Textile & clothing (25.5%) (5.5%) fifth of South and Central America’s exports. The region’s expansion of merchandise exports and imports Other machinery (3.7%) Agricultural exceeded those of global trade by a significant margin, while products commercial services trade grew at 14 per cent (less than Transport Manufactures (28.9%) (36.3%) the global average). The relative sluggishness of the region’s equipment (6.7%) Raw materials commercial services trade could be observed in all three services (3.4%) Fuels and categories, but was particularly pronounced for the other Chemicals (6.0%) mining products commercial services category. (33.0%) Looking at the 38 individual economies’ trade performances Iron and steel (4.4%) in the region, one notices quite divergent developments. Brazil, Fuels (20.2%) which accounted for one third of the region’s merchandise Other mining exports showed a stronger trade performance than the regional products (12.8%) average. The most dynamic export growth (between 40 per cent and 50 per cent) was reported by Chile, Venezuela and Peru (Table III.24), while merchandise exports of Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic and El Salvador increased only by 5 per cent or less. A few Caribbean islands even reported a decline in their Chart 7 exports in 2004. The surge in merchandise imports of Argentina Dollar continued its decline vis-à-vis European and Venezuela (more than 60 per cent) contrasted with the currencies a in 2004 moderate import growth of a number of Central American and (Indices Jan 2001=100) Caribbean economies (such as Costa Rica, El Salvador, the 110 Dominican Republic and Jamaica). At the core of the weak trade growth of Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic and El Salvador is the stagnation of their trade in manufactures with the United States (Table IV.25). Costa Rica’s trade was affected by the -5.5% sluggishness of trade in integrated circuits while the other two 100 countries were affected by the decline in their textile processing trade with the United States. The weakness observed in the merchandise exports of a -14% number of countries in the region can be partly attributed to 90 their export structure, which often reveals a large dependence on agricultural products. Agricultural products have faced relatively weak demand growth over the last two decades and relatively soft price trends. In 2004, price developments for agricultural -9% products were rather mixed, simultaneously showing declines 80 for a number of products (such as shrimps, cocoa, cotton and hides and skins) and marked increases for others (such as rice, beef, soybeans, bananas and rubber). The importance of agricultural products for the region’s overall export performance 70 is highlighted by the 29 per cent share this category holds in 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 merchandise exports, a share which is more than three times larger than the corresponding share in world trade, and also by a Currency basket weighted by trade values. European currencies are those of far the largest in any region (Chart 6). Euro Area, the UK, Switzerland, Sweden, Norway, Bulgaria, Czech Rep, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Slovak Rep. Europe

Economic growth strengthened throughout Europe in 2004, The share of intra-trade in merchandise exports is nearly three but marked differences continued to prevail within the region. quarters, which is the highest share of intra-trade of all the seven The euro-area and Switzerland staged a moderate recovery major regions distinguished in this report (Table III.3). Measured while the ten new EU members and South-East Europe reported in euro terms, merchandise exports rose by 8.3 per cent and GDP growth in excess of 5 per cent. Europe’s merchandise those of commercial services by 6.5 per cent. These rates were and commercial services trade growth was somewhat less than higher than in the preceding year, when both decreased slightly the global average (in exports and imports), and recorded no (Table 4). Export and import volumes, adjusted for price and acceleration in nominal growth in 2004, in contrast to all other exchange rate changes, show that Europe’s trade recovered by regions. This relative weak nominal trade growth is due to the more than 6 per cent in 2004. Exports to other regions are markedly lower depreciation of the dollar vis-à-vis the European estimated to have grown significantly faster than intra-trade and currencies in 2004 compared to 2003, and the high level of also faster than imports from these regions. intra-trade (Chart 7).

11 Europe’s merchandise exports rose by 19 per cent, to $4030 performances differed significantly. Broadly speaking, in 2004 billion – equivalent to 45 per cent of world merchandise exports the countries situated at the eastern and south-eastern border in 2004. Iron and steel, fuels and other mining products of Europe report much faster trade expansion than those in the reported the fastest growth due to large price increases, but western part of Europe. France, the United Kingdom, Spain, combined these groups account for only 10 per cent of Europe’s Ireland and Portugal recorded export growth between 12 per exports. Among manufactured goods, chemicals and transport cent and 15 per cent, while Poland, the Czech Republic, Turkey, equipment recorded much faster growth than exports of office Romania and Bulgaria report expansion rates ranging from and telecom equipment or textiles and clothing (Table IV.33). 30 per cent to 41 per cent. For the latter group of countries, World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005 Given the large share of intra-trade, it is not surprising that imports showed a similar strong performance. Irish merchandise the pattern of Europe’s import growth by product remained trade recorded the weakest growth in exports and imports in rather similar to that of exports in 2004. On the import side, the region in 2004, a tendency discernible over the last four iron and steel and mining products are also the most dynamic years. This recent development contrasts sharply with the 1995- product groups. Import expansion rates in these product groups 2000 period when Ireland recorded trade expansion at a rate exceeded those of chemicals and transport equipment, office and more than three times faster than the West European average. telecom equipment and textiles and clothing by a large margin. One major element in the loss of vigour in Ireland’s trade is the importance of office and telecom equipment, a product group whose global exports expanded much faster than those of Table 4 manufactures in the 1990s, while the opposite can be observed GDP and trade developments in Europe, 2000-04 for the years 2000-2004. Although Europe’s commercial services exports and imports (Annual percentage change) expanded less rapidly than the global average in 2004, its trade 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 growth was still faster than world commercial services trade over the 2000-04 period (Tables III.4 and III.5). Europe’s commercial GDP 1.5 1.6 1.2 1.0 2.3 services exports rose by 17 per cent, to $1125 billion, accounting for more than one half of world services exports in 2004. Merchandise Commercial services imports went up by 15 per cent, to $1025 Exports (value in dollars) 11 1 7 19 19 Imports (value in dollars) 11 -2 5 20 20 billion, an increase inferior to that of 2003. Europe’s commercial services exports expanded faster than its imports in all three Exports (value in euros) 3 4 2 -1 8 services categories, which enhanced the surplus position in all Imports (value in euros) 3 1 0 0 9 of them. Transportation services expanded faster than travel Exports (volume) 3.0 2.5 2.0 2.0 6.5 or other commercial services on the export and import side. Imports (volume) 2.5 0.5 0.5 3.0 6.5 Among the leading European traders in commercial services, the United Kingdom strengthened its leading exporter position, Commercial services but the strongest export growth rates (in excess of one quarter) Exports (value in dollars) 12 3 9 19 17 Imports (value in dollars) 11 3 8 19 15 were reported by Sweden, Greece and Luxembourg. France and Switzerland reported relatively sluggish growth in their services Exports (value in euros) 4 6 3 -1 7 exports, both in 2004 and in the 2000-04 period (Table III.38). Imports (value in euros) 3 6 3 -1 5 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

Europe’s merchandise trade with other regions showed large In 2004 the CIS recorded a GDP growth rate of nearly variations in 2004. Exports to North America, its largest export 8 per cent, the strongest of all regions. The trade expansion of market, showed the smallest increase (14 per cent) not only in the CIS was also more buoyant than that of any other region 2004 but also for the 2000-04 period.15 As European imports of the world (Table 5). The above average output and trade from North America expanded even less than exports to North growth of the region in 2004, and also in the 2000-04 period, America, the bilateral surplus in Europe’s favour increased further contrasts sharply with developments in the second half of the in 2004. Europe’s merchandise trade with Asia (exports plus nineties, when economic activity was nearly flat and imports imports) has exceeded that with North America since the late contracted (Table III.43). In 2003 and 2004, the region’s trade 1990s. In 2004, Europe’s imports from Asia rose by 23 per cent, benefited greatly from the price surge for fuels, ores and metals, slightly faster than exports to Asia, which widened the bilateral products which accounted for more than one-half of the regions’ deficit. Europe’s trade with Asia reveals a trend increase with merchandise exports in 2004 (Chart 8). China and a decrease in the share of Japan and the six more developed East Asian traders, which continued in 2004. Europe’s trade with the CIS countries increased by more than one third on both the export and import side, making the region Europe’s fastest growing trading partner not only in 2004, but also for the 2000-04 period. With a share of 2.2 per cent, Europe’s exports to the CIS remained smaller than those to Africa or the Middle East, but its imports from the CIS exceeded those from the latter two regions. The review of the leading merchandise traders in Europe (Table III.36) shows that at the country level the trade

15 With one exception: between 2000-2004 Europe’s exports to South and Central America rose less than shipments to North America (2.8 per cent and 7.8 per cent respectively).

12 Chart 8 other mining products, while manufactured goods account for nearly 90 per cent of imports from Europe. Asia’s share in CIS Product structure of CIS's merchandise exports, 2004 exports decreased slightly, to 13.3 per cent in 2004. While Asia’s (Percentage) share in CIS exports rose marginally between 2000 and 2004, its share in imports of CIS gained four percentage points over the Unspecified same period. Most of these gains can be attributed to China, (4.4%) which accounted for more than one-half of CIS imports from Asia in 2004. World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005 Agricultural CIS commercial services exports and imports continued to products expand faster than world services trade, rising by nearly one- (9.0%) quarter in 2004. In contrast to merchandise trade, the region records an excess of commercial services imports over exports.

Manufactures (33.1%) Africa

Fuels and Economic growth in Africa was 4.5 per cent in 2003 and mining products 2004, strong enough to exceed significantly the region’s (53.5%) population growth (Table 6). While both North and Sub-Saharan Africa recorded robust growth on average, individual country performances varied greatly. Double digit GDP growth could be observed in a number of countries that expanded their oil production (e.g. Angola, Chad, Equatorial Guinea and Sudan). A few countries recorded a marked pick-up in economic activity as civil strife was reduced (e.g. Sierra Leone and the Democratic CIS comprises 12 countries, but the Russian Federation alone Republic of Congo), while in others political instability led to accounts for two thirds of the region’s merchandise exports stagnation or a decline in economic output. and more than one half of its imports. Intra-regional trade rose Africa’s trade expansion remained robust in 2004 due to the slightly faster than total exports in 2004, and accounted for one rise in global demand for its major export commodities. Over fifth of the total. The importance of intra-regional trade differs the two years 2003-04, the value of Africa’s merchandise exports significantly from one product group to another and also among (imports) increased by two thirds (55 per cent), which was more members of the CIS. The share of intra-trade in CIS exports of than over the 12 preceding years (1990-2002). Commercial agricultural products and manufactures was about one third, services exports rose by 20 per cent in 2004, again faster than while for fuels and other mining products the share dropped to the world average and faster than the region’s commercial 13 per cent in 2004 (Table III.45). services imports. Travel services receipts, which account for Among the members of CIS, intra-regional trade accounted more than one half of Africa’s commercial services exports, are for more than one half of total exports for Belarus, Georgia and estimated to have increased by somewhat more than 20 per cent Moldova, while for the Russian Federation, Azerbaijan, Tajikistan in 2004. and Armenia the corresponding share was about 17 per cent The outstanding feature of Africa’s merchandise exports in 2004. On a country level, merchandise export and import was the 44 per cent rise in shipments of fuels and mining growth was reported above the regional average by Kazakhstan, products in 2004. Fuels alone accounted for nearly 52 per cent Belarus, Azerbaijan and Georgia. Armenian merchandise trade, of Africa’s merchandise exports and other mining products for however, expanded only marginally (Table III.46). about 7 per cent (Chart 9). Exports of agricultural products Europe is the largest trading partner for the CIS, accounting and manufactures are both estimated to have increased in for nearly one half of its exports and merchandise imports in value terms by one fifth in 2004. Among agricultural products, 2004. Two-thirds of CIS exports to Europe consist of fuels and shipments of raw materials rose by more than a quarter,

Table 5 GDP and trade developments in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), 2000-04

(Annual percentage change)

CIS Russian Federation Other

2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004

GDP 6.7 5.9 5.2 7.6 7.9 6.0 5.1 4.7 7.3 7.1 8.5 8.4 6.8 8.5 10.3

Merchandise Exports (value) 16 -1 6 27 37 15 -3 5 27 35 20 6 8 28 40 Imports (value) 21 16 10 27 30 21 20 13 25 27 20 10 6 31 35

Exports (volume) 9.5 4.5 8.5 13.0 13.0 … … … … … … … … … … Imports (volume) 15.0 24.5 8.0 13.0 15.0 … … … … … … … … … …

Commercial services Exports (value) 18 13 19 16 23 20 17 20 20 25 15 8 18 12 20 Imports (value) 20 24 16 17 25 19 23 15 16 24 23 26 20 19 27

13 Table 6 GDP and trade developments in Africa, 2000-04

(Annual percentage change)

Africa South Africa Other Africa

2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005 GDP 4.0 3.5 3.4 4.5 4.4 3.2 2.7 3.6 2.8 3.7 4.1 3.7 3.4 5.0 4.6

Merchandise Exports (value) 12 -7 2 25 32 11 -2 2 23 26 12 -8 2 26 34 Imports (value) 13 4 2 22 27 18 -5 4 40 39 11 6 1 17 23

Commercial services Exports (value) 12 1 4 24 20 13 -7 1 60 10 11 2 5 18 22 Imports (value) 10 2 6 16 16 13 -10 3 49 16 9 4 6 11 15

while fish exports rose at only half that rate. Africa’s clothing highest level since 1990 (Table III.58). The region’s merchandise exports rose by 10 per cent, to $9.5 billion dollars in 2004. The import growth accelerated to 27 per cent, and imports amounted expansion of Africa’s clothing exports to the European Union and to $252 billion in 2004. The share of the Middle East imports the United States decelerated sharply in 2004 if compared with in world imports rose to 2.7 per cent, which was still below the 2003. Exports of other semi-manufactures, the largest product level recorded in 1990. group within Africa’s exports of manufactures, which includes Fuels, which accounted for 73 per cent of the region’s precious stones, rose by nearly one quarter, to $16.4 billion in exports, rose by nearly one third to $284 billion in 2004. This 2004. represented 29 per cent of global trade in fuels (Chart 10). Chemicals, mainly petrochemicals, are the principal product group among the manufactured goods exported from the Middle Chart 9 East. Their shipments increased by 30 per cent, to $25.8 billion in 2004. Exports from the Middle East are largely destined for Product structure of Africa's merchandise exports, 2004 Asia which alone accounted for one half of the region’s total (Percentage) exports in 2004. Europe and North America both hold a share of about 15 per cent in Middle East exports. Intra-regional trade is Unspecified estimated to have been in the range of 5 per cent to 10 per cent (3.7%) in recent years, most likely the lowest intra-regional trade share of all seven regions distinguished in this report. Agricultural The importance of Asia as an export market for the Middle products East is particularly pronounced in fuels trade. The region’s (12.1%) exports of manufactures are more evenly shared by Europe Manufactures (24 per cent), Asia (23 per cent) and North America (20 per cent) (25.1%) (Table III.60).

Chart 10 Fuels and mining product Product structure of the Middle East's merchandise (59.1%) exports, 2004 (Percentage)

Unspecified (0.9%)

The Middle East Manufactures Agricultural (22.1%) products Economic growth in the Middle East remained robust, with (2.4%) average regional GDP growth exceeding 5 per cent in 2004. Oil and gas production, still the core economic activities of the region, increased by 6.5 per cent and 7.5 per cent respectively.16 The marked increase in oil and gas output combined with Fuels and sharply higher prices led to booming trade in 2004. The region’s mining products merchandise exports rose by 29 per cent, to a new record export (74.6%) level of $390 billion dollars (Table 7). The share of the Middle East in world merchandise exports rose to 4.4 per cent, its

16 See BP, Statistical Review of World Energy, June 2005.

14 Commercial services exports from the Middle East are Asia’s commercial services trade was negatively affected by the estimated to have increased by 16 per cent, to $36 billion, or impact of the SARS epidemic in 2003. Travel receipts recovered two per cent of world services exports in 2004. Commercial sharply (31 per cent) from their exceptionally low level in 2003. services imports rose by 20 per cent to $61 billion, accounting Estimates of Asia’s commercial services trade flows in 2004 for three per cent of global services imports. Israel is the largest include the latest Indian services data, which do not seem to services exporter in the region ($14 billion) and the United Arab be directly comparable with those reported for 2003, due to Emirates the region’s biggest services importer. enhanced coverage. Excluding Indian data from Asia’s services trade aggregate lowers the region’s growth rates reported above World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005 by 2 to 4 percentage points. Table 7 But even taking into account these “special” features noted above, Asia’s commercial services trade remained one of the Trade developments in the Middle East, 2000-04 most dynamic regional trade flows in 2004. A breakdown of (Annual percentage change) Asia’s commercial services reveals that transportation services 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 were particularly strong in 2004. Asia’s agricultural exports rose by 18 per cent to $143 GDP 4.4 2.5 3.6 5.2 6.3 billion, and accounted for 6 per cent of the region’s merchandise exports. Shipments of fuels and mining products rose by one Merchandise third, while exports of manufactures went up by one quarter. Exports (value) 10 -11 5 20 29 Among Asia’s exports of manufactures, iron and steel and scientific and controlling instruments increased by one half, Imports (value) 12 6 4 13 27 which was much faster than exports of clothing (13 per cent), textiles (16 per cent) or automotive products (20 per cent). Commercial services Asia’s shipments of office and telecom equipment rebounded Exports (value) 5 -5 -2 13 16 by one quarter to $625 billion, maintaining their share of Imports (value) 7 -3 1 12 20 31 per cent in Asia’s exports of manufactures. Intra-Asian trade, accounting for one half of Asia’s merchandise exports, expanded slightly faster than total exports. China further consolidated its position as the leading market in Asia the region for Asian traders, with Asia’s exports to China rising by 30 per cent in 2004. The rapid rise in China’s importance The rise in Asia’s GDP growth to nearly 5 per cent in as a trading partner of individual economies is shown in Chart 2004 was due to an increase in Japan’s GDP growth and 1. In only four years, China’s share has doubled in the imports a continuation of strong output growth in developing Asia, and exports of a number of Asian traders. Asia’s exports to North particularly China. The region’s merchandise export and import America rose by 20 per cent, while those to Europe increased volumes are estimated to have risen by 14 per cent, about three by 24 per cent. In 2004, but also over the last four years, the times faster than GDP growth (Table 8). The marked acceleration share of North America in Asia’s exports decreased to 22.3 per in the region’s merchandise exports and imports in dollar terms cent, while that of Europe remained unchanged at 17.5 per cent is more due to price than volume changes. Asia’s merchandise (Table III.68). imports rose by 27 per cent to $2224 billion in 2004, with nearly Although Asia’s shipments to the Middle East, Africa, half of the increase due to higher import prices. South and Central America and the CIS increased much faster Asia’s commercial services exports and imports rebounded than those to other regions, their combined share in Asia’s by about one quarter in 2004. The interpretation of this merchandise exports was still less than 8 per cent in 2004. outstanding expansion has to take into account the fact that

Table 8 GDP and trade developments in Asia, 2000-04

(Annual percentage change) a Asia Japan Developing Asia

2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004

GDP 3.3 2.2 2.6 3.8 4.8 1.0 0.4 -0.3 1.4 2.7 5.2 4.4 5.8 5.3 5.3

Merchandise Exports (value) 10 -9 8 18 25 4 -16 3 13 20 12 -7 10 20 27 Imports (value) 10 -7 6 19 27 5 -8 -3 14 19 12 -7 9 21 30

Exports (volume) 8.0 -3.5 11.0 11.5 14.0 3.0 -9.5 8.0 5.0 10.5 10.5 -1.0 13.0 14.5 16.0 Imports (volume) 8.0 -2.5 8.0 13.0 14.5 3.5 -2.0 2.0 7.0 7.0 9.5 -2.5 10.0 15.0 16.5

Commercial services Exports (value) 10 -1 7 9 27 7 -6 2 8 25 11 1 9 8 28 Imports (value) 8 -3 5 8 25 4 -7 0 3 22 11 0 7 10 27

a Defined as Asia excluding Japan, Australia and New Zealand.

15 fuel commodities again showed very large variation in 2004. 5. Trade developments of selected Ores and non-ferrous metal exporters, such as Zambia and Regional Trade Agreements and of the Mozambique, reported a sharp export rise while other LDCs experienced a marked decline in their exports for various reasons. LDCs Looking at the major trading partners of the LDCs, it appears from the data presented in Table III.82 that the EU(25) is the largest market for manufactures originating from the LDCs Regional trade agreements (RTAs) ($9.2 billion) and Asia19 the largest market for its fuel exports World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005 ($10.6 billion). In 2004, the EU(25) was still the largest market Information on a number of major regional trade agreements for LDC exports of agricultural products ($3.2 billion), but Asia’s is provided in Table I.10 and Appendix Table A.3. Intra-trade imports of agricultural products from LDCs increased much faster of the enlarged EU lagged behind its extra-regional exports and also exceeded the $3 billion mark. North American imports and imports in 2004. Despite a further rise in the European from LDCs consist above all of fuels and other mining products currencies vis-à-vis the US dollar, which tends to boost the share ($7.3 billion) and manufactured goods ($6.1 billion). Agricultural of intra-EU trade, subdued growth in EU countries kept nominal products accounted for only five per cent of North American intra-regional export growth below that of extra-regional exports. merchandise imports from the LDCs in 2004. Extra-regional imports comprise a larger component of fuels than intra-trade, which contributed to the strength in extra-regional import values. 6. Trade developments in the first half Although the EU’s extra-regional trade expanded somewhat faster than its intra-regional trade, at more than two thirds of of 2005 and prospects total EU trade, the latter remained far more important than in any other major RTA. NAFTA’s intra-trade expanded by 14 per cent, in line with its total export growth, but lagged The cyclical downswing of economic activity in the OECD, behind its overall import growth in 2005.17 In 2004, ASEAN’s which started in the first half of 2004, was arrested in the first intra-trade rose by 22 per cent, which was faster than its exports six months of 2005. It is estimated that the year-to-year change to other regions, but not as fast as imports from outside the in GDP growth of the OECD countries was limited to 2.6 per cent region. The share of intra-regional trade in ASEAN’s exports in the first half of 2005, markedly less than the 3.5 per cent and imports remained at 23 per cent in 2004, below the levels full year growth in 2004 (Chart 11). Signs of an improvement reached in 2000, and for exports even below the level reached in the economic situation could be found in the Japanese in 1995. economy, which after stagnating in most of 2004, experienced Intra-MERCOSUR trade recovered strongly as the economies a revival in domestic demand growth in the first six months of of its members experienced a sharp rebound in their GDP growth 2005. In Europe, and in particular in the euro area, GDP growth in 2004. However, despite the recent surge in intra-trade, its remained weak. Despite some deceleration, economic activity value in 2004 was still lower than in 1997, and accounted for in the United States remained far stronger than in Europe or about one-eighth of MERCOSUR’s total merchandise exports. Japan. A noticeable development in the United States economy In five major RTAs, no trend can be detected in respect of an was that exports of goods and services – measured at constant increase or decrease in the relative importance of intra-RTA trade prices and seasonally adjusted – expanded somewhat faster between 2000 and 2004. The number of cases in which an than imports in the first half of 2005. Among the developing increased share of intra-trade could be observed is identical to regions, a slowdown from last year’s high growth rates could be that in which a decrease occurred. The large differences in the observed in a large number of economies in as well as importance of intra-trade in total trade among the various RTAs, in South America. China was a major exception, as its first half ranging from two thirds to less than 15 per cent, continued to growth of 9.5 per cent in 2005 matched that of 2004. Despite prevail. the continuous strength in its economic activity, China’s real import growth decelerated sharply, while its export growth was Trade of the Least-developed countries (LDCs) maintained. in 2004 The marked depreciation of the US dollar against a trade- weighted basket of European currencies between April and December 2004 was reversed in the first six months of 2005. Benefiting from the rise in commodity prices, merchandise By mid-year 2005, the dollar had regained most of its losses and exports of the LDCs increased by one third to $62 billion in even exceeded its average value in 2004 (Chart 7). Exchange 2004, a new peak level. Exports of the five oil-exporting LDCs18 rate movements in Asia were rather moderate, although in a alone increased by about one half and their combined exports direction favourable for an adjustment in worldwide external accounted for some 47 per cent of the total merchandise imbalances. The US dollar’s moderate depreciation against a exports of the 48 LDCs in 2004. LDCs merchandise imports are basket of Asian currencies in 2004 continued in the first half estimated to have increased by 17 per cent to $71 billion, only of 2005. With the termination of the fixed peg of the Chinese half the expansion rate of their exports (Table III.81). Renminbi to the US dollar on July 21, and a shift to a new The group of LDCs which exports primarily manufactured currency regime, a small appreciation of the Chinese currency goods increased their shipments by 19 per cent to $17 billion, occurred against the US dollar. an increase close to that of world exports of manufactures. Despite the slowdown in global economic activity, commodity The trade performance of the LDCs that export primarily non- prices strengthened considerably in the first half of 2005. In particular, prices for metals and crude oil increased further by 24 per cent and 43 per cent respectively (on a year to year 17 Intra-NAFTA trade growth measured by exports differed in 2004 from that basis). However, prices of agricultural raw materials stagnated recorded by import data due to reporting discrepancies on bilateral trade between the United States and Mexico. 18 Angola, Equatorial Guinea, Yemen, Sudan and Chad. 19 Based on a sample of 12 Asian economies. For details see Table III.82.

16 Chart 11 Real GDP and trade growth of OECD countries, 2003-05 (Percentage change on a quarter to quarter basis)

OECD Countries United States 25 25

20 20 developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005

15 15

10 10

5 5

0 0 Q1 Q1 Q1 Q1 Q1 Q1 -5 2003 2004 2005 -5 2003 2004 2005

-10 -10

European Union (15) Japan 25 25

20 20

15 15

10 10

5 5

0 0 Q1 2004 Q1 2005 Q1 2003 Q1 2004 Q1 2005 -5 -5

-10 -10 GDP Exports of goods and services Imports of goods and services

Source: OECD, National Accounts Statistics. and those of food decreased. Available information on growth in the United States, Europe and East Asia. The volume prices for manufactured goods indicates an increase of about of world merchandise trade is projected to rise by 6.5 per cent four per cent.20 The sharp rise in prices of fuels continued in 2005, and provided the recovers moderately unabated into the third quarter and provided a further boost in 2006 – as is generally predicted – world trade growth should to the exports of all oil exporting regions, and in particular the accelerate again to around 7.0 per cent in 2006. Middle East, the CIS and Africa. However, the estimated 40 per cent increase in real crude oil prices is threatening to dampen economic growth in the United States, Western Europe and East Asia (Chart 12). Chart 12 It is estimated that the dollar value of world merchandise Nominal and real petroleum prices, 1970-2005 exports increased by 14 per cent in the first half of 2005. This is a markedly lower expansion than in 2004, when the value ($ per barrel) of global merchandise exports rose by 21 per cent. The trade 60 deceleration was particularly pronounced in Asia and in Europe. Real price (at 1990 $) North America’s imports increased in nominal terms about as 50 fast as world trade and still faster than its merchandise exports. Adjusted for price and exchange rate changes, trade of the 40 major industrial economies stagnated in the first quarter of 30 2005, but picked up in the second quarter. It is unlikely that the momentum of the rebound in the second quarter can be upheld 20 in the second half of the year, given the poor short-term growth Nominal prices prospects for Europe and uncertainty linked to sharply higher 10 and volatile oil prices. Increased import demand from the oil 0 exporting regions will not be sufficient to offset weaker import 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 Note: Real price is obtained by deflating the nominal IMF petroleum spot price by the 20 US import (export) prices of manufactured goods increased by 2.2 per cent world GDP deflator (1990=100). 2005 annual data are estimated by assuming for the (3.5 per cent) in the first six months of 2005. second half an average price of $60 per barrel.

17 World trade developments trade World in 2004 and prospects for 2005

18 . World trade in2004-Overview I. Note ol D 20 . 25 3.5 2.5 1.5 4.0 9.0 2.0 3.5 5.0 2.5 3.5 2.0 4.0 World GDP World merchandiseproduction World merchandiseexports (Annual percentage change) Growth inthevolumeofworldmerchandise trade byselectedregion, 2000-04 Table I.2 (Annual percentage change) Growth inthevolumeofworldmerchandise exportsandproduction, 2000-04 Table I.1 giutrlpout 30 . 35 3.5 5.5 3.5 4.5 3.5 1.0 3.0 2.5 Manufacturing 2.0 Mining 2.0 Agriculture 2.0 Manufactures 4.5 Fuels andminingproducts Agricultural products 3.0 0.0 1.5 4.0 3.5 2.5 3.5 5.0 4.0 3.0 10.0 4.0 20-4 03 2004 2003 2000-04 : SeetheTechnicalNotesforestimationofworldaggregatesmerchandiseexports,productionandGDP. . . . ol . . 10.0 5.5 4.5 World 9.0 5.0 4.0 . 051. i atAintaes 455514.5 5.5 6.5 6.0 4.5 3.0 2.5 10.5 2.5 17.5 15.0 2.0 4.5 1.5 13.0 3.5 1.5 15.0 7.0 7.0 14.5 SixEastAsiantraders 13.0 Japan 3.5 14.5 8.0 Asia 10.5 CommonwealthofIndependentStates (CIS) EuropeanUnion(25) 14.0 10.5 5.0 13.0 Europe 6.5 11.5 6.5 6.5 South andCentralAmerica 3.0 13.0 NorthAmerica 8.0 1.5 13.0 2.0 9.5 7.5 6.0 3.0 3.0 1.0 6.5 0.0 Exports 000 0220 2004 2003 2002 2000-04 2000-04 2003 2004 Imports 19 World trade in 2004 - Overview 20 World trade in 2004 - Overview Tables A6andA7.ExplanationsofsignificantbreaksaregivenintheTechnicalNotes. the tradeinservicesdata.SeeTechnicalNotes. Note: (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Growth inthevalueofworldtrade incommercial servicesbyregion, 2004 Table I.4 Note: (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Growth inthevalueofworldmerchandise trade byregion, 2004 Table I.3 au nulpretg hne au Annualpercentagechange Value Annualpercentagechange Value au nulpretg hne au Annualpercentagechange Value Annualpercentagechange Value 97 91 1Wrd 20 91 21 17 9 9250 World 21 17 9 8907 15 9 4 8 Wrd 05 1 17 14 9 2095 World 18 14 9 2125 04 000 0320 04 000 032004 2003 2000-04 2004 2004 2003 2000-04 2004 38 1 82 sa 22 01 27 19 10 20 19 2224 17 20 20 8 11 10 Asia 5 25 4140 3791 18 EuropeanUnion(25) 2013 10 Europe 19 19 NorthAmerica 19 2388 14 19 11 5 11 2 3714 4031 1324 04 000 0320 04 000 032004 2003 2000-04 2004 2004 2003 2000-04 2004 Itshouldbementionedattheoutsetthatthere arenumerousbreaksinthecontinuityoffiguresatcountryandregio 1 2 2 9 7 Erp 12 1 1 15 15 19 19 11 11 1025 954 EuropeanUnion(25) Europe 17 17 19 19 12 12 1016 1126 It shouldbementionedattheoutsetthattherearebreaksincontinuityoffigurescountryandregionallevels. 6 32 aa 45 51 19 14 5 455 Japan 20 13 4 566 6 52 i atAintaes 75 61 27 36 12 40 27 6 27 26 13 27 22 785 12 25 13 561 EastAsiantraders Six 27 21 252 212 24 China 5 96 15 35 MiddleEast 4 Africa RussianFederation 7 29 35 32 CommonwealthofIndependentStates(CIS) 35 237 20 24 37 25 860 27 10 SouthandCentralAmerica 27 12 593 30 15 16 390 13 232 183 9 266 276 3 1 1 2 Cmowat fIdpnetSae CS 5 2 1 25 17 20 50 CommonwealthofIndependent States(CIS) 23 16 18 33 3 9 5 1 ot mrc 3 6 13 14 9 4 6 1 335 58 SouthandCentralAmerica NorthAmerica 14 11 9 5 4 3 56 379 11 7 2 i atAintaes 8 7 21 5 7 187 SixEastAsiantraders 20 5 7 8 25 512 191 450 109 27 Asia 2 2 1 3 hn 7 1 1 31 22 19 3 19 4 72 134 China Japan 34 25 18 8 20 7 62 95 3 5 3 6 ideEs 6 7 2 20 12 7 61 Middle East 16 13 5 36 8 1 2 2 fia 5 0 6 16 16 10 55 Africa 20 24 12 48 Exports Exports 12 2 730 27 21 172 ThesebreaksareindicatedinAppendix nal levelsduetofrequentrevisions Imports Imports 3 BolivarianRe 43 6 hl 3. . 94 kan 900.3 29.0 Ukraine 46 49 0.4 32.0 Chile 47 46 Ni 4 usa eeain 135203 4Mxc 2642216 2.2 206.4 Mexico 14 35 2.0 183.5 RussianFederation 15 14 Tai 828 Norwa 2 noei 23081 2SuhArc 710639 0.6 57.1 SouthAfricab 32 13 0.8 72.3 CzechRe Indonesia 33 32 8 Iran,IslamicRe 38 434 Turke 4 hiad 74112 4RsinFdrto c9. . 27 1.0 3 96.3 0.9 1.0 89.2 95.4 CzechRe Poland Thailand 97.3 27 RussianFederationc 26 India 23 25 21 24 32 23 0.9 21 0.9 12 1.1 82.8 1.1 86.4 1.1 96.5 UnitedArabEmirates 97.4 Australia Brazil 104.3 27 Thailand 26 Ireland 25 24 23 242 Ar 1 wteln 185131 1 See 931019 1.0 99.3 Turke Sweden 22 21 21 18 1.3 1.3 117.4 118.5 Austria Switzerland 22 21 010 Bel 616 Sin 0 itNm 2. . 75 Ira 50 27 0.3 25.6 VietNam 50 3 eio 8. . 41 Korea,Re 13 14 2.1 189.1 Mexico 13 939 Phili 4 kan 27044 4Ve a 110323 0.3 31.1 VietNam 44 42 0.4 32.7 Ukraine 45 44 Al 2 Korea,Re 12 717 S 7 ot fia4. . 63 Norwa 37 26 0.5 46.0 SouthAfrica 37 9 emr 7. . 52 rzl 6. . 3 0 0.7 60.7 Hun 65.9 Ireland 31 Brazil 39 30 29 32 0.8 15 0.8 74.9 0.8 75.6 Poland 76.8 India 31 Denmark 30 29 0 sal 3. . 24 sal 42.9 Israel 40 22 0.4 38.5 Israel 41 Portu 40 5 iln 6. . 53 ree 5. . 1 0.6 52.6 Greece 35 15 0.7 61.3 Finland 36 35 Hun 9 ad rbab162143 9Asrla 0. . 23 1.2 109.4 Australia 19 35 Mala 1.4 20 126.2 20 1.3 122.5 Sweden SaudiArabiab 20 19 111 Hon 8 uat 2. . 94 e eln 320225 0.2 23.2 NewZealand 48 39 0.3 28.7 SlovakRe Kuwait 49 48 818 Mala Note d Includessignificantre-exportsorimportsforre-export. c Importsarevaluedf.o.b. b Secretariatestimates. a Retainedimportsaredefinedaslessre-exports.SeetheTechnicalNotes. (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table I.5 Leading exporters andimporters inworldmerchandise trade, 2004 Cia 9. . 53Cia 6. 5.9 561.2 China 3 35 6.5 593.3 China 4 3 Ja akEpresVleSaecag akIpresVleSaechange Share Value Importers Rank change Share Value Exporters Rank Ntelns 382392 Ja 6 21 3.9 358.2 Netherlands 6 UnitedKin 8 7 Ital Gray9231. 11 Uie tts 12. 61 17 16.1 1525.5 UnitedStates 1 21 German 10.0 2 912.3 13 8.9 818.8 UnitedStates Germany 2 1 Cnd 365351 Bel 9 16 3.5 316.5 Canada 9 Fac 4. . 45UnitedKin 5 14 4.9 448.7 France 5 re-ex re-ex domesticex domesticex ol d95. 0. 1 Wrd 45010021 100.0 - 9495.0 92.6 8795.2 Worldd Totalofaboved 21 - 100.0 9153.0 94.4 8639.8 Worldd Totalofaboved : Forannualdata1994-04,seeAppendixTablesA6andA7. p p g g g i 7. . 41 uti 1781218 1.2 117.8 Austria 17 14 2.0 178.6 ain p g g y n 6. . 04Fac 6. . 17 4.9 465.5 France 4 20 6.2 565.8 an ra 23043 5SlovakRe 45 31 0.4 32.3 eria ra 11035 7Cie 490328 0.3 24.9 Chile 47 57 0.3 31.1 eria nia 45041 2Iran,IslamicRe 42 17 0.4 34.5 entina g g 392381 Ital 7 17 3.8 349.2 i hns 124202 5Tai 15 21 2.0 182.4 ei, Chinese pp a u 0. . 01 aaa 7. . 14 2.9 279.8 Canada 10 20 3.3 306.5 ium y ar g Kon p y i 2. . 11 wteln 1161216 1.2 111.6 Switzerland 18 21 1.4 126.5 sia 6. . 43 noei 490630 0.6 54.9 Indonesia 34 34 0.7 63.1 l 58041 1 Phili 41 13 0.4 35.8 al y r 196202 6Sin 16 25 2.0 179.6 ore ns 3. . 9SuiAai 4. . 21 0.5 44.6 39 7 0.4 39.7 ines y 18092 8Dnak 820719 0.7 68.2 Denmark 28 21 0.9 81.8 5. . 73 iln 5. . 20 0.5 50.8 Finland 36 27 0.6 54.9 p p p p p g bi 6. . 13 Portu 33 41 0.8 68.7 ublic g bi f 5. . 11 S 12 31 2.8 253.8 ublic of bi 2. . 64 Ar 49 26 0.3 27.5 ublic rs 2562717 2.7 245.6 orts rs 8. . 26 0.9 81.0 orts hn 6. . 61 Hon 11 16 2.9 265.5 , China o 4. . 38Ntelns 3933421 3.4 319.3 Netherlands 8 13 3.8 346.9 dom p fVnzea 42044 3Rmna 270336 0.3 32.7 Romania 43 43 0.4 34.2 . ofVenezuelab p f 4. . 13 ntdAa mrts 4. . 21 0.5 47.6 UnitedArabEmirates 38 31 0.5 44.4 . of p p rs 86112 retainedim 24 retainedim 1.1 98.6 2 orts 0.2 20.0 orts percentage Annual p p g i 4. . 20 2.6 249.3 ain q p g g y n 5. . 19 4.8 454.5 an nia 230261 0.2 22.3 entina 2. . 114 0.2 21.3 g g 3103718 3.7 351.0 i hns 1841832 1.8 168.4 ei, Chinese pp a u 8. . 22 3.0 285.5 ium y ar Kon g p y i 0. . 26 1.1 105.3 sia 9. . 41 1.0 97.5 l 490616 0.6 54.9 al y r 1391728 1.7 163.9 ore ns 4. . 7 0.4 42.3 ines y 810522 0.5 48.1 y 5. . 24 0.6 59.3 p p p g bi c6. . 34 0.7 69.5 ublic c g bi f 2. . 26 2.4 224.5 ublic of bi c2. . 31 0.3 29.5 ublic c hn 7. . 17 2.9 272.9 , China o 6. . 18 4.9 463.5 dom p p p f 3. . 33 0.4 34.7 . of rs 280930 0.9 82.8 13 orts a 0.3 27.3 orts a 1. 7.619 716.9 . 37 1.0 . 18 0.5 613 .6 36 26 26 1 0 7 21 World trade in 2004 - Overview 22 World trade in 2004 - Overview akEpresVleSaecag akIpresVleSaechange Share Value Importers Rank change Share Value Exporters Rank 2 noa 39024 2 iei 420231 0.2 14.2 31 2 48 0.1 9 0.1 15 0.2 9.4 0.2 17 10.1 52 Lebanon 0.2 11.8 1 Peru 12.0 0.2 Nigeria 0.2 SerbiaandMontenegro 50 12.0 32 62 Kuwait 0.2 42 49 12.7 17 48 Bangladesh 12.8 0.2 46 21 0.2 24 47 Tunisia 12.8 11 17 Kazakhstan 0.1 46 32 21 14.4 Egypt 0.2 0.1 0.3 15.0 0. 45 40 0.2 44 0.1 8.2 38 Bulgaria 14 0.1 0.2 43 13.9 9.7 17.6 16.3 34 12 0.2 16.6 BolivarianRep.ofVenezuelab 9.7 Bangladesh 38 0.3 41 Morocco Belarus 9.9 0.2 16.7 61 Tunisia 0.3 Croatia 0.2 40 25 18 Morocco 12.5 0.3 50 17.9 Colombia 0.2 36 39 Bulgaria 13.3 49 0.3 28 21 18.2 38 Peru 23 13.4 0.3 48 26 Pakistan 42 0.2 83 21.3 37 Oman 13.8 47 55 Algeria 22.3 0.4 Pakistan 0.6 0.2 46 0.4 36 Iraq 23 23.2 35 0.4 Belarus 15.5 0.3 0.3 45 33 7 Argentina 34 Angolab 0.3 44 24.9 33 44.6 NewZealand 16.2 0.5 31.1 33 Qatar 39 0.3 43 29.0 18 27 20.8 17.8 32 0.5 Chile 42 0.6 SaudiArabia 39 Colombia 20.1 VietNam 31 0.4 Ukraine 32.7 41 21 Iraq 57 0.8 20.4 0.6 0.4 22 34.7 30 49 Kazakhstan 42.3 23 40 28 0.4 Romania 29 NewZealand 23.5 0.7 39 27 30 57.1 31 0.5 Iran,IslamicRep.of 42.9 26 LibyanArabJamahiriyab 43 25.6 Philippines 0.7 38 42 0.5 27 Romania 28.7 26 30 37 Israel 47.6 1.4 0.8 26 VietNam 31.1 0.5 36 26 25 0.7 17 48.1 0.5 Kuwait 32.0 0.5 35 1.5 22 UnitedArabEmirates 0.9 24 Nigeria 7 96.3 54.9 34 3 Norway 32.3 1.4 Chile 46.0 34.2 0.5 33 31 32.7 41 22 105.3 65.9 Indonesia 0.6 32 Algeria 1.4 21 0.6 31 95.4 SouthAfricab Ukraine 34 Malaysia 34.5 23 Brazil 1.4 0.7 20 13 BolivarianRep.ofVenezuelab 38.5 30 Thailand 97.3 19 Argentina 39.7 29 13 32 1.0 RussianFederationc 18 1.6 Israel 97.5 44.4 28 16 21 1.1 India 17 Philippines 35 27 23 16 Turkey Iran,IslamicRep.of 63.1 1.1 26 109.4 21 1.6 15 SouthAfrica 72.3 28 1.2 25 32 1.9 Australia Turkey 1.2 14 24 21 75.6 Indonesia 1.3 23 111.6 2.3 81.8 18 1.5 12 126.2 22 India 82.8 Switzerland 1.5 21 Norway 86.4 21 163.9 1.8 UnitedArabEmirates 96.5 20 11 Singapore Australia 97.4 19 1.9 Brazil 18 25 118.5 Thailand 10 17 Switzerland 16 126.5 21 2.7 SaudiArabiab 15 Malaysia 14 13 179.6 2.7 12 Singapore 182.4 11 Taipei,Chinese 10 (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Leading exporters andimporters inworldmerchandise trade (excludingintra-EU (25)trade), 2004 Table I.6 Note: d Includessignificantre-exportsorimportsfor re-export. c Importsarevaluedf.o.b. b Secretariatestimates. a Retainedimportsaredefinedaslessre-exports.SeetheTechnicalNotes. RsinFdrto 135283 api hns 1842432 16 26 2.4 3.0 3.2 17 168.4 14 206.4 Taipei,Chinese 1 224.5 3.9 Mexico 3 4.0 Korea,Republicof 9 6.5 272.9 8 20 8.0 279.8 7 35 17 HongKong,China 454.5 14 18.3 Canada 561.2 31 Japan 2.8 21.8 6 China 1280.6 2.8 5 3.8 Extra-EU(25)imports 4 16 1525.5 183.5 3 16 UnitedStates 189.1 RussianFederation 20 2 253.8 4.0 Mexico 35 1 4.8 Korea,Republicof 9 13 8.5 265.5 8 21 8.9 316.5 7 HongKong,China 12.3 565.8 Canada 593.3 18.1 Japan 6 818.8 China 5 1203.8 UnitedStates 4 Extra-EU(25)exports 3 2 1 Forannualdata1994-04,seeAppendixTables A6andA7. Ttlo bv d63. 69- oa faoe 7379. - 96.1 6713.7 Totalofaboved 22 100.0 - 6985.0 World(excl.intra-EU(25))d 96.9 6437.9 22 100.0 6642.0 World (excl.intra-EU(25))d Totalofaboved dmsi xot 2. . eandiprs 730413 0.4 26 24 27.3 1.2 retainedimportsa 1.5 81.0 98.6 re-exports domesticexports 17 2 3.7 0.3 245.6 20.0 re-exports domesticexports ecnaepercentage percentage Annual eandiprs 281230 1.2 82.8 retainedimportsa 241 114 28 9 6 0 8 7 akEpresVleSaecag akIpresVleSaechange Share Value Importers Rank change Share Value Exporters Rank 0SuhArc 81041 0SuhArc 910416 0.4 33 9.1 0.5 10.3 SouthAfrica ... 0.6 40 10 Turkey 13.4 10 0.4 37 ... 11 1.0 1.0 28 25 8.1 0.5 21.3 UnitedArabEmiratesa 1.1 21.1 Czech 0.5 18 Hungary 16 17 10.0 31 13 39 23.0 9.7 0.6 38 Saudi 30 1.4 14 25 0.6 0.6 11 Finland 23 36 11.8 29.8 0.7 0.6 Poland12.3 0.4 13.3 Indonesia 12 17 26 35 Israel 0.5 a SouthAfrica 8 1.7 Switzerland 14.0 34 13.4 Greece Finland8.9 10 26 20 0.8 39 ... 0.4 33 40 0.5 Croatia9.6 Republic 19 36.2 0.9 25 27 32 39 CzechRepublic 0.9 2.0 21 Thailand Brazil 0.5 0.5 16.1 9.1 38 Hungary 10.1 25 12 Malaysia18.8 0.6 Arabia HongKong,China 25 1.1 37 19.3 40.9 24 30 Mexico 0.6 Brazil11.5 11.0 35 36 0.9 29 21 0.7 Poland13.3 2.4 11 16 23.8 21 22 28 12 35 Portugal13.8 1.1 24 37 20.2 34 Mexico13.9 49.6 21 1.1 1.2 Luxembourg 0.7 1.2 2.7 33 Egypt 22.3 0.8 Singapore 1.6 32 25 Norway24.0 0.9 25.5 Israel14.2 25.6 55.9 31 15 16 Australia Malaysia16.7 33.2 20 23 30 Thailand18.9 ... 1.6 18 22 29 RussianFederation India 21 Taipei, 1.2 Korea,Republicof 28 Turkey 1.9 34 Russian 33.0 1.6 27 15 20 Sweden 1.2 12 Australia24.8 14 26 39.6 19 27 Denmark 1.6 Taipei,Chinese 33.4 15 14 14 18 25 Norway25.9 19 2.2 18 17 24 Luxembourg33.1 1.9 Canada 20 11 1.7 2.3 2.3 23 Greece 25 47.1 Austria 1.7 24 2.6 22 10 40.0 1.4 Belgium 1.7 Denmark36.3 48.3 48.3 Chinese 21 14 18 1.8 Singapore36.5 1.6 Federation 53.7 29.9 13 20 Spain Switzerland36.8 11 19 Sweden37.8 2.5 32.8 24 11 18 India 2.2 17 53.6 14 2.2 Korea,Republicof 16 Canada46.8 15 2.3 Ireland46.9 14 Austria 13 Belgium49.3 12 HongKong,China 11 10 A8 andA9. in theseriesforalargenumberofeconomies,andbylimitationscross-countrycomparability. SeetheTechnicalNotes.For Note: a Secretariatestimate. (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Leading exporters andimporters inworldtrade incommercial services, 2004 Table I.7 ntdKndm 7. . 82Gray 9. . 13 14 9.2 12.4 193.0 260.0 31 12 3.4 2.8 10 71.6 11 Ireland 58.4 18 3.8 China 22 Germany 3.5 9 Netherlands UnitedStates 4.6 80.6 8 Italy 6.4 2 34 72.4 7 1 France 16 96.4 6 18 134.0 Japan 17 11 2.9 5 United 11 3.4 8.1 4 3.9 China62.1 15.0 25 3 4.0 Netherlands73.0 12 171.8 318.3 9 Italy82.0 15 4.5 8 Spain84.5 5.1 14 7 6.3 Japan94.9 6 France109.5 6.5 Kingdom 5 Germany133.9 4 UnitedKingdom 136.1 3 UnitedStates 2 1 Figures foranumber ofcountriesandterritorieshavebeenestimatedbytheSecretariat.Annualpercentagechangesranki oa faoe 9009. oa faoe 9009. - 90.6 1900.0 Totalofabove - 17 100.0 91.7 World2095.0 1950.0 18 100.0 World 2125.0 Total ofabove percentage Annual annual data1994-04,seeAppendixTables ngs areaffectedbycontinuitybreaks 23 World trade in 2004 - Overview 24 World trade in 2004 - Overview ak xotr VleSaecag ak motr ValueShare change Importers ValueShare change Rank Exporters Rank 4Cb a . . . 4Ve a a . . ... 0.3 31 ... 4.5 0.3 0.3 4.3 5.1 22 24 BolivarianRep.ofVenezuela 0.5 VietNama 33 0.4 16 35 34 7.4 0.7 19 6.8 0.6 ... 10.3 9.1 0.2 Pakistan 18 0.2 33 3.6 30 ... 0.3 5 3.7 0.3 3 0.9 4.7 Ukraine 0.3 NewZealand 18 11 Kazakhstan 4.9 13.4 0.4 Egypt 33 Philippines 5.1 26 SouthAfrica 22 0.4 0.4 32 31 ... Turkey 5.9 ... 25 31 24 22 Kuwait 24 0.4 6.4 6.1 1.4 44 22 23 0.4 Chile 0.3 Romania 16 UnitedArabEmiratesa 23 29 1.7 Argentina 0.3 Cubaa 6.4 10 21.3 0.5 28 35 0.3 6.7 Bulgaria4.1 21 2.0 20 0.5 27 34 25.6 Philippines4.1 21 13 0.5 12 7.6 33 Argentina4.9 25 29.8 0.4 7.8 32 0.9 0.4 8.1 SaudiArabia 31 12 0.9 Saudi 0.4 Chile5.9 8 13.3 30 Israel Ukraine6.0 10 1.1 13.9 22 29 Morocco6.4 Indonesiaa 21 28 Indonesiaa 1.3 10 1.2 11 16.1 Brazil HongKong,China 27 15 20 Australia Malaysia Macao,China 26 19.3 1.4 18.8 19 28 Mexico 0.6 NewZealand 25 11 21 39 12 18 25 Switzerland 0.7 SouthAfrica 30 21 21.1 1.5 17 24 Croatia9.6 1.6 11 1.3 16 0.7 16 23 Brazil11.5 Arabia 24 Thailand 0.9 1.7 23.0 22 24.0 21 20.2 1.7 Norway 0.9 Mexico 11.0 21 14 1.1 Egypt14.0 25.9 13 20 1.2 25.5 Israel14.2 25 19 Malaysia16.7 20 Taipei, 18 Thailand18.9 1.5 17 10 1.6 RussianFederation 16 Turkey23.8 19 15 Australia24.8 20 14 Taipei,Chinese 2.4 13 Norway 2.0 12 Singapore36.5 Chinese 11 29.9 10 A8 andA9. in theseriesforalargenumberofeconomies,andbylimitationscross-countrycomparability. SeetheTechnicalNotes.For Note: a Secretariatestimate. (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table I.8 Leading exporters andimporters inworldtrade incommercial services(excludingintra-EU (25)trade), 2004 ni 3. . . igpr 3. . 23 2.4 ... 36.2 25 2.7 12 3.3 40.9 3.7 49.6 55.9 14 Singapore 17.1 260.0 8 Korea,Republicof 16 India ... 6 25.1 2.6 7 11 Canada 381.7 27 Russian 39.6 5 3.0 UnitedStates 31 9 2.6 18 46.8 22 2 4.7 11 Extra-EU(25)imports 40.0 3.5 11 8.8 24 China71.6 1 2.4 Japan 53.6 134.0 20.7 2.2 Federation 16 4 Switzerland36.8 3 318.3 India 32.8 34 27.8 9 Korea,Republicof 25 8 Canada 4.0 427.1 7 6.2 HongKong,China 6 China62.1 5 Japan94.9 4 UnitedStates 3 Extra-EU(25)exports 2 1 Figures foranumberofcountriesandterritorieshavebeenestimatedbytheSecretariat. Annualpercentagechangesandranki oa faoe 4009. oa faoe 4009. - 92.6 1410.0 Totalofabove 19 - 100.0 1520.0 World(excl.intra-EU(25)) 94.2 1450.0 18 100.0 1540.0 World (excl.intra-EU(25)) Total ofabove ecnaepercentage percentage nulAnnual Annual annual data1994-04,seeAppendixTables ngs areaffectedbycontinuitybreaks It islikelythatformosteconomiestradeincommercial servicesisunderstated.SeetheTechnicalNotes. 19.7 14.7 80.3 85.3 293 2284 16.1 22.2 83.9 77.8 347 1709 South andCentralAmerica North America (Billion dollarsandpercentage, basedonbalanceofpaymentsdata) Note: b Secretariatestimates. a Tradeingoodsincludessignificantre-exportsorimportsforre-exports. sa36 Asia 3060 14.7 85.3 2852 17.9 82.1 Table I.9 World omnelho needn tts CS 0 891. 2 7622.4 77.6 222 11.1 88.9 301 Africa 275 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) 17.3 82.7 Europe 5032 258 22.4 77.6 21.1 78.9 4864 21.1 78.9 Memorandum item: Share ofgoodsandcommercial servicesinthetotaltrade ofselectedregions andeconomies, 2004 retn 3 771. 8 7. 23.3 76.7 8.9 16.7 15.0 91.1 28 83.3 85.0 216 335 12.3 1733 87.7 6.9 12.4 28.2 93.1 87.6 39 71.8 202 378 1129 BolivarianRep.o Argentina UnitedStates Mexico Canada aa 648. 5051 7. 24.8 30.5 29.7 75.2 11.8 69.5 70.3 541 19.6 88.2 13.4 70 10.0 138 80.4 606 86.6 90.0 15.0 131 33.7 8.8 85.0 14 299 9.5 66.3 91.2 22.2 90.5 634 17.1 26.7 77.8 117 76 82.9 73.3 655 112 314 13 Korea,Republico Japan Indonesiab India HongKong,Chinaa China Australia Tunisia iei 3 53472 8521.5 14.7 28.6 78.5 85.3 71.4 11.1 20 13.7 19 26 88.9 86.3 5.9 26.3 4.7 25.4 4 73.7 94.1 34 39.7 53.3 10.2 74.6 95.3 19 17 60.3 23.0 46.7 89.8 25.0 14.7 17.7 11.8 12.4 129 15.3 77.0 75.0 85.3 30 32.7 82.3 101 87.6 88.2 84.7 19.3 16 26 8.1 11.0 67.3 591 21.0 9.9 49.7 132 144 302 80.7 99 89.0 91.9 26.2 18.3 79.0 21.2 5 19.6 50.3 73 39 90.1 417 33.0 33.8 81.7 78.8 73.8 23.5 80.4 21.0 31.4 344 16 118 22 14.0 17.0 66.2 11.9 67.0 30.6 76.5 204 79.0 68.6 23.8 525 911 60 19.2 86.0 83.0 91 88.1 21.8 69.4 19.3 19.5 99 76.2 32.2 20.4 80.8 521 161 78.2 175 269 80.7 284 20.6 12.8 77 80.5 154 67.8 95 12.7 79.6 109 79.4 87.2 32.6 29 20 428 87.3 79 16.8 374 146 30.3 12.6 67.4 SouthA 531 83.2 1044 Nigeria 69.7 87.4 15.5 70 10.8 Morocco 10.6 Egypt 111 84.5 89.2 294 89.4 159 77 Uzbekistan Ukraine RussianFederation 38 19 Kazakhstan Belarus 108 UnitedKingdom Turkey Switzerland Sweden Spain Poland Norway Netherlands Italy Ireland Germany France Finland Denmark CzechRepublic Belgium Austria Colombia Chile Brazil hiad 1 351. 0 8721.3 21.5 78.7 10.1 16.0 18.1 78.5 23.7 89.9 15.9 84.0 81.9 108 76.3 4443 84.1 50 187 200 29 16.5 118 22.2 83.5 9.6 12.8 15.7 77.8 27.7 11.6 87.2 84.3 90.4 115 72.3 88.4 4580 199 233 43 28 143 EuropeanUnion(25) Thailand Taipei,Chinese Singaporea Philippines NewZealand Malaysia Tradeingoodsisderivedfrombalanceofpaymentsstatisticsanddoesnotcorrespondtothe merchandisetradestatisticsgive f ia5 571. 8 58 14.3 85.7 rica 56 15.8 84.2 f f Vnzea 09. . 2 8. 19.8 80.2 22 2.5 97.5 40 Venezuela 288. 3429 269 13.4 86.6 298 18.4 81.6 14 091. 16 81.1 18.9 11060 80.919.1 11140 au hr Vle Share Value Value Share oa od evcsTtlGoodsservices Total services Goods Total xot Imports Exports Commercial n elsewhereinthisreport. 25 World trade in 2004 - Overview Table I.10 Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage) Share in total Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 1990 1995 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

European Union (25)

Total exports 3714 - ... 100.0 100.0 11 19 19 Intra-exports 2510 - ... 67.5 67.6 11 20 18 Extra-exports 1204 - ... 32.5 32.4 11 17 21

Total imports 3791 - ... 100.0 100.0 10 20 19 Intra-imports 2510 - ... 64.1 66.2 11 20 19 Extra-imports 1281 - ... 35.9 33.8 9 19 20

World trade in 2004 - Overview trade World NAFTA (3)

Total exports 1324 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 2 5 14 Intra-exports 740 42.6 46.0 55.6 55.9 2 4 14 Extra-exports 584 57.4 54.0 44.4 44.1 2 6 14

Total imports a 1997 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 8 16 Intra-imports 706 34.4 37.7 39.6 35.3 2 4 12 Extra-imports 1291 65.6 62.3 60.4 64.7 6 10 19

ASEAN (10)

Total exports 552 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6 13 20 Intra-exports 128 20.1 25.5 24.0 23.1 5 10 22 Extra-exports 424 79.9 74.5 76.0 76.9 7 13 19

Total imports 500 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7 10 25 Intra-imports 115 16.2 18.8 23.5 23.1 7 10 22 Extra-imports 385 83.8 81.2 76.5 76.9 7 11 26

MERCOSUR (4)

Total exports 136 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 13 19 28 Intra-exports 17 8.9 20.5 21.0 12.6 -1 25 35 Extra-exports 118 91.1 79.5 79.0 87.4 15 19 27

Total imports 94 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 1 10 37 Intra-imports 18 14.5 18.1 19.8 19.1 0 25 34 Extra-imports 76 85.5 81.9 80.2 80.9 1 7 38

Andean Community (5)

Total exports 73 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 6 3 37 Intra-exports 7 4.2 12.2 8.9 9.3 ...... Extra-exports 66 95.8 87.8 91.1 90.7 6 4 37

Total imports b 51 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 7 -3 32 Intra-imports 8 7.7 12.9 13.8 16.1 ...... Extra-imports 43 92.3 87.1 86.2 83.9 6 -4 30

a Imports of Canada and Mexico are valued f.o.b. b Imports of Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela are valued f.o.b. Note: The figures are not fully adjusted for differences in the way members of the arrangements in this table record their merchandise trade. For annual data 1994-04, see Appendix Table A3.

26 Chart I.1 Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 1990-04 (Billion dollars)

Exports Imports

EU (25) EU (25) 4000 4000 3500 3500 3000 3000 2500 2500 2000 2000

1500 1500 in 2004 - Overview trade World 1000 1000 500 500 0 0 1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04

NAFTA (3) NAFTA (3) 2000 2000 1800 1800 1600 1600 1400 1400 1200 1200 1000 1000 800 800 600 600 400 400 200 200 0 0 1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04

ASEAN (10) ASEAN (10) 600 600

500 500

400 400

300 300

200 200

100 100

0 0 1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04

27 Chart I.1 (continued) Merchandise trade of selected regional integration arrangements, 1990-04 (Billion dollars)

Exports Imports

MERCOSUR (4) MERCOSUR (4) 140 140 120 120 100 100 80 80 60 World trade in 2004 - Overview trade World 60 40 40 20 20 0 0 1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04

Andean Community (5) Andean Community (5) 80 80 70 70 60 60 50 50 40 40 30 30 20 20 10 10 0 0 1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 1990 92 94 96 98 00 02 04

Total exports Total imports Intra-exports Intra-imports Extra-exports Extra-imports

28 I Selectedlong-termtrends II. 10 12 10 12 10 12 10 12 0 2 4 6 8 0 2 4 6 8 0 2 4 6 8 0 2 4 6 8 (Average annual percentage changeinvolumeterms) World merchandise trade andproduction bymajorproduct group, 1950-04 Chart II.1 1950-63 1963-73 1973-90 1990-04 1950-63 1963-73 1973-90 1990-04 1950-63 1963-731973-90 1950-63 1963-73 1973-90 1990-04 1950-63 1963-731973-90 1990-04 1950-63 1963-731973-90 Fuels andminingproducts Agricultural products All merchandise Manufactures Trade Production 29 Selected long-term trends 30 Selected long-term trends 10 12 10000 World merchandise trade bymajorproduct group, 1950-04 Chart II.2 1000 scale 0 2 4 6 8 Log. 100 1950 00 90 95 8085 75 60 70 65 55 2004 Average annualpercentage change Volume indices, 1950=100 1950-73 1973-90 Fuels andmining products Manufactures Fuels andminingproducts Agricultural products Agricultural products 1990-04 Manufactures 9338.6 1973 1972 1971 1970 1969 1968 1967 1966 1965 1964 1963 1962 1961 1960 1959 1958 1957 1956 1955 1954 1953 1952 1951 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 1988 1987 1986 1985 1984 1983 1982 1981 1980 1979 1978 1977 1976 1975 1974 Note a Includesunspecifiedproducts. (Annual percentage change) World merchandise exports, production andgross domesticproduct, 1951-04 Table II.1 : SeetheTechnicalNotesforestimationofworldaggregatesmerchandiseexports,production andGDP. oa a rdcs rdcsMnfcue oa a rdcs pout auatrsTtl Arclue iig Manufacturing Mining Agriculture Total Manufactures products products Totala Manufactures products products Total a 13.3 16671. 481. . . 499148861. 7.2 10.0 8.6 4.8 9.1 14.9 8.8 5.4 10.9 14.8 11.5 6.7 11.6 4774981. 2254601. . . . . 6.7 5.9 8.0 7.3 2.2 7.1 0.0 3.2 5.6 5.9 16.5 17.9 6.0 12.0 5.4 5.7 12.2 10.8 17.0 14.6 9.8 13.9 7.4 3.8 14.7 10.7 3253501. 28632. 21772693895.4 8.9 9.3 2.6 7.7 12.1 22.0 6.3 12.8 14.3 5.0 5.3 13.2 28094. 011. . . 30522037613.8 6.1 3.7 2.0 5.2 13.0 4.5 3.6 10.4 10.1 47.9 0.9 12.8 091. 181. . . 63591108-. . 2.9 1.2 -2.2 2.1 0.8 3.3 1.1 1.8 5.9 1.9 -6.3 2.5 6.8 8.8 2.9 -1.7 15.9 -4.5 41.8 5.4 13.8 31.9 20.9 124.0 22.3 45.6 22781. 4270201090503040504.4 5.1 5.0 5.3 4.0 7.5 3.0 3.1 5.0 5.3 9.0 8.7 1.0 12.4 2.0 3.1 7.0 8.7 14.2 15.2 11.8 13.3 7.8 10.3 12.2 14.3 112. 333. . . . 8888171. 157.9 11.5 10.5 1.7 8.8 18.8 4.3 4.8 9.5 39.1 33.3 28.6 31.1 361. . 569287681. . . . . 2.2 2.9 2.5 1.6 1.0 4.5 2.9 5.7 1.0 2.7 5.3 2.5 1.7 11.1 1.3 6.8 4.9 4.6 6.1 5.1 8.7 9.5 3.2 0.8 9.2 5.6 1.0 3.4 15.6 2.7 3.9 4.5 5.1 8.5 14.7 5.9 15.8 16.1 15.3 13.6 5.3 0.9 4.7 6.8 13.1 12.9 4.7 13.7 21.6 3.8 13.3 15.8 832. 401. . . . 01480029675.6 6.7 2.9 0.0 4.8 10.1 6.9 6.9 8.4 19.4 14.0 20.3 18.3 131. 241. . . . 00383042403.7 2.3 4.0 3.7 4.2 3.5 3.0 2.7 3.8 3.5 10.0 4.9 5.4 4.7 3.3 3.4 9.0 4.8 19.7 15.5 32.4 23.0 14.8 16.4 21.3 16.6 941. 552...... 2.3 5.1 1.9 2.1 3.7 4.1 4.4 1.3 9.0 1.0 4.1 4.0 3.3 4.1 4.2 4.4 4.5 8.9 7.4 6.3 3.4 0.8 1.7 20.0 2.6 3.6 5.6 15.5 3.9 17.3 5.5 5.0 19.4 5.0 5.9 19.7 2.7 4.8 11.0 3.5 14.9 5.2 17.4 4.2 19.9 14.5 45.3 10.4 23.0 13.3 25.5 13.5 4101-. 38-. . 09-. 1014-. 171.3 -1.7 -0.1 1.4 -1.0 -1.4 -0.9 1.6 -0.6 -3.8 -9.1 0.1 -4.1 12-. 32-. 0650-. . 0436-. . 2.0 0.2 -7.9 3.6 -0.4 4.0 -9.9 5.0 -0.6 -0.7 -3.2 -1.9 -1.2 13-391. . . . 6700273424342.4 3.4 2.4 3.4 2.7 0.0 16.7 0.0 4.3 6.3 16.7 -13.9 -1.3 37-. 50-. 2818-. . . . 19-. 0.0 -2.4 -1.9 7.2 0.0 0.0 -5.0 1.8 -2.8 -1.9 -5.0 -5.4 -3.7 03-. 323826-. 12482524-. . 3.5 2.9 3.4 3.1 -1.1 -0.9 2.4 0.1 2.5 2.0 4.8 5.1 -1.2 -0.9 -1.2 0.2 2.6 2.6 3.8 0.5 -3.2 -8.0 -5.7 -1.4 -0.3 -2.0 02-. 350042103741000620-. 0.9 -0.6 2.0 0.6 0.0 4.1 3.7 1.0 4.2 0.0 -3.5 -4.1 -0.2 13-. 2...... 2.1 2.4 1.1 1.7 2.2 4.8 2.9 1.7 4.7 2.3 -20.5 -4.7 -1.3 -6.4 . . 3792-. . 1. 40-. . 60-. 1.4 -3.9 -6.0 3.6 -1.6 -4.0 -12.0 1.0 -7.3 9.2 -3.7 1.4 4.7 . 371. . . . 05513233-. . 2.9 3.6 -1.3 3.3 3.2 5.1 -0.5 1.0 4.7 3.3 15.6 -3.7 4.0 . . 623337333436-. . 05-. 0.8 -0.6 -0.5 0.4 -0.4 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.7 3.3 -6.2 0.8 1.5 . . 331. 071. . . . . 141. 6.5 15.2 11.4 3.1 9.8 8.7 9.4 11.1 10.7 13.5 13.3 3.1 9.4 . . 098048604447022308-. 1.1 -0.5 0.8 2.3 0.2 4.7 4.4 6.0 4.8 8.0 -0.9 7.1 6.7 . 11-382. . 179141281830313.4 3.1 3.0 1.8 2.8 4.1 9.1 -1.7 4.0 20.3 -23.8 11.1 9.4 ...... 0347493324513.7 5.1 2.4 3.3 4.9 4.7 7.1 10.3 10.0 2.4 2.3 5.7 3.3 7.9 7.9 5.9 10.5 0.0 7.1 5.4 2.3 8.3 2.9 0.0 0.0 2.5 . . . 101. . . 19482445534.5 5.3 4.5 2.4 4.8 11.9 5.6 2.8 12.2 11.0 8.3 9.8 9.2 . . 055435370840251401301.6 3.0 0.1 1.4 2.5 4.0 0.8 3.7 3.5 5.4 -0.5 6.0 4.8 . 1327461. . . 10492333573.4 3.3 5.7 3.5 3.3 2.7 2.3 3.8 4.3 3.4 4.9 3.6 4.5 11.0 5.3 3.4 7.4 3.4 3.6 5.7 4.4 7.8 10.2 5.0 4.4 4.6 3.5 3.1 2.7 13.6 6.4 -1.3 2.9 3.5 6.9 4.4 15.5 4.3 5.7 7.8 12.5 3.8 2.7 8.3 10.0 7.9 12.3 11.4 9.8 5.3 8.6 8.6 . . 09818428481. . . . . 4.6 7.2 3.8 5.3 6.3 10.8 4.8 2.8 8.4 8.1 -0.9 5.3 5.9 . . . 077737621. . . . . 6.5 4.1 8.3 9.1 5.1 3.9 3.4 0.0 6.6 5.6 2.2 10.3 0.0 7.4 6.2 0.0 3.2 3.7 1.6 5.1 7.7 0.0 6.6 10.7 9.5 10.8 9.7 6.7 6.9 4.0 0.0 4.2 9.1 7.7 8.1 5.7 7.1 3.2 4.9 ...... 6.5 5.1 9.6 6.1 6.3 6.8 3.8 1.3 8.6 3.6 7.7 5.4 3.8 4.0 0.0 5.9 6.5 4.5 7.4 6.3 4.3 9.5 0.0 2.5 6.0 3.9 ...... 11210019253.9 4.1 2.5 5.3 1.9 6.1 0.0 4.5 2.1 4.4 11.1 8.0 8.1 5.7 9.8 2.0 9.1 6.5 8.3 14.3 5.3 11.8 8.8 3.0 7.9 8.6 giutrl n iigAgriculturalandmining andmining Agricultural 584. 441. . 021. . . . . 6.9 9.8 6.5 4.9 8.2 14.2 10.2 0.9 12.1 34.4 47.7 45.8 071. 301. . . 26670983825.1 8.2 8.3 0.9 6.7 12.6 6.8 7.5 11.8 13.0 16.4 10.7 75-06-. 22-. 58-. 1432-. 140.8 -1.4 -6.9 3.2 -1.4 -2.1 -5.8 -2.0 -2.2 -3.6 -10.6 -7.5 xot xot rdcinGDP Production Exports Exports Value Volume ul Fuels Fuels World 31 Selected long-term trends 32 Selected long-term trends GT/T ebr c 296. 428. 398. 6195.8 24.0 2.7 96.1 2.3 23.0 88.7 2.6 2.2 23.3 83.9 3.3 2.6 18.5 89.1 1.9 6.2 4.6 15.1 74.2 1.7 2.6 2.8 14.2 4.0 66.0 21.8 1.2 2.5 2.3 15.1 5.5 52.9 22.7 - 3.3 14.2 2.0 7.0 21.5 3.8 1.7 - 7.6 18.5 Note 4.4 c Membershipasoftheyearstated. 17.3 b Beginningwith1998,figuresrefertoSouthAfricaonlyandnolongertheSouthernAfrican CustomsUnion. - a Figuresaresignificantlyaffectedbychangesinthecountrycompositionofregionand majoradjustmentintradeconvers 6.0 93.7 16.2 GATT/WTOMembersc Memorandumitem - 26.8 4.4 94.3 20.7 8.3 2.6 26.1 89.5 - 20.6 4.1 9.8 2.4 26.1 Asia 76.5 3.4 MiddleEast 2.5 19.1 81.8 Africa 44.8 3.0 6.8 4.5 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS)a 14.9 72.8 45.4 Europe 2.7 4.1 3.1 12.4 4.8 68.7 44.8 14.9 South andCentralAmerica 1.5 3.2 2.9 13.1 5.7 60.4 44.2 NorthAmerica 15.8 - 13.6 2.7 3.0 6.5 47.4 18.0 2.0 4.4 - 7.3 45.4 16.8 4.3 39.4 17.3 - 40.4 6.3 GATT/WTOMembersc 19.9 Memorandumitem - 24.9 9.8 - 28.3 11.4 Asia MiddleEast Africa 45.3 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS)a 46.1 Europe 45.4 South andCentralAmerica 43.5 NorthAmerica 45.4 41.4 34.9 31.5 (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Wrd 100100100100100100100100.0 100.0 100.0 9250.0 7623.0 100.0 3768.0 100.0 1881.0 100.0 589.0 100.0 163.0 100.0 84.0 66.0 100.0 World 100.0 World 100.0 8907.0 7342.0 100.0 3670.0 100.0 1838.0 100.0 579.0 100.0 157.0 100.0 84.0 58.0 World World Table II.2 World merchandise trade byregion andselectedeconomy, 1948, 1953, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993, 2003and2004 Ida 311415050706091.1 4.9 6.1 8.5 0.9 5.0 1.4 5.4 8.1 0.6 6.4 1.4 2.8 0.6 9.9 0.7 6.7 1.5 1.1 0.5 6.1 0.7 0.2 0.5 6.5 1.4 0.9 0.5 3.7 0.7 0.2 1.5 4.1 1.6 0.9 0.8 3.1 0.7 0.4 1.4 16.5 2.9 2.3 1.7 0.9 3.4 0.9 0.2 3.1 17.1 1.0 2.4 1.1 1.1 3.0 1.2 0.4 16.0 2.6 1.5 0.9 14.3 0.6 2.2 12.3 0.8 1.6 0.9 6.4 6.7 9.7 11.4 0.8 1.7 2.4 6.4 1.2 6.0 13.9 Six EastAsiantraders 9.4 0.6 AustraliaandNew-Zealand India 9.9 13.0 1.2 Japan 2.5 0.5 9.7 China 0.5 8.0 1.5 1.2 0.5 5.8 1.1 0.4 0.5 SouthAfricab 6.4 1.4 1.0 0.7 3.4 1.0 0.4 1.0 3.5 2.1 1.3 1.0 2.4 1.1 Argentina 0.4 1.3 9.2 Brazil 1.5 2.4 1.2 1.0 2.7 1.2 0.4 2.2 9.9 UnitedStates 0.4 3.2 0.9 1.5 3.0 1.1 0.6 12.7 3.7 1.7 11.2 0.9 0.9 2.0 12.3 1.8 1.3 14.9 2.0 2.8 18.8 Six EastAsiantraders AustraliaandNew-Zealand India 21.7 Japan China SouthAfricab Argentina Brazil UnitedStates : Between1973and1983between19932004exportimportsharesweresignificantlyinfluencedbyoilpricedevelopme 9815 9317 9319 032004 2003 1993 1983 1973 1963 1953 1948 Imports Exports Value Value Share Share ion factorsbetween1983and1993. nts. Europe South andCentralAmerica North America Asia Middle East Africa Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Merchandise trade oftheUnitedStatesbyregion andbyproduct, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993, 2003and2004 Table II.3 World World Manufactures Fuels andminingproducts Agricultural products Total merchandise Other Asia Six EastAsiantraders China Japan Other Africa South Africa Russian Federation Other Europe European Union(25) Other manufactures Clothing Textiles Other machinery Transport equipment Machinery andtransportequipment Other semi-manufactures Chemicals Iron andsteel Non-ferrous metals Fuels Ores andotherminerals Raw materials Food Miscellaneous manufactures Scientific andcontrollinginstruments Personal andhouseholdgoods Electrical machinery Non-electrical machinery Power generatingmachinery Other transportequipment Automotive products Office andtelecomequipment Other chemicals Pharmaceuticals Other foodproducts Fish eeomnctoseupet...... Integrated circuits Telecommunications equipment EDP andofficeequipment 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 146. 747. 138. 056. 057. 6074.3 76.0 77.1 60.5 60.5 40.5 81.7 81.3 76.6 67.4 62.8 61.4 982. 161. 05973. 831. . . 5.8 5.9 7.3 10.3 18.3 33.3 9.7 10.5 13.3 21.6 28.7 29.8 9317 9319 0320 9317 9319 032004 2003 1993 1983 1973 1963 2004 2003 1993 1983 1973 1963 297. 0. 6. 2. 1. 717. 6. 0. 3311525.5 1303.1 603.2 269.9 70.3 17.1 818.8 724.8 464.8 205.6 72.4 22.9 147. 5. . . . 573. 5443383.6 4.4 3.8 4.7 4.3 5.4 5.3 75.4 6.3 35.7 7.8 5.8 15.7 13.6 5.3 23.3 6.8 4.8 7.6 37.2 7.3 7.9 9.4 37.0 8.1 150.6 42.5 10.1 5.6 72.2 34.5 17.3 4.6 21.4 26.1 23.2 4.5 19.6 21.5 5.3 27.7 6.3 6.9 28.0 10.1 20.8 30.1 6.4 26.0 21.6 6.1 27.4 23.3 20.1 9.5 20.6 28.1 21.1 10.3 27.6 25.6 20.1 27.5 26.1 28.6 7.4 23.1 25.7 23.3 7.1 24.9 36.7 7.9 26.8 36.9 7.9 28.8 30.6 9.5 29.7 25.4 11.6 26.4 21.2 421...... 5.1 5.1 5.9 10.6 4.3 10.6 4.4 11.5 15.3 7.7 2.8 16.5 6.8 17.2 8.3 3.8 16.4 8.5 17.9 17.2 9.0 4.7 16.4 9.3 16.3 16.1 11.0 15.3 16.6 14.2 15.3 18.0 18.4 16.7 18.6 13.3 594. 274. 854. 083. 304. 1039.9 41.0 44.0 33.0 31.1 10.8 48.0 48.5 48.4 42.7 40.0 35.9 ...... 291. 641. 4216.2 14.2 12.1 26.4 18.6 22.9 4.6 3.9 4.1 7.6 6.0 8.1 ...... 00472520131.4 0.8 1.3 0.9 2.0 2.5 1.0 4.7 16.4 6.1 10.0 13.8 5.7 1.7 2.4 12.5 10.6 8.7 3.6 2.4 5.6 0.5 14.4 2.8 9.3 3.2 0.9 3.4 0.5 12.2 0.4 4.3 2.2 18.3 7.5 0.1 3.2 0.7 2.7 0.4 16.1 5.5 2.9 0.0 4.2 2.3 2.8 2.6 13.8 0.3 6.3 1.2 4.8 2.4 8.8 2.6 11.2 4.2 0.8 0.1 3.8 1.8 12.2 5.6 3.9 0.5 6.7 3.2 13.4 4.3 1.9 1.5 2.9 7.2 9.2 4.7 1.4 1.3 2.7 10.3 5.6 0.4 0.0 10.1 1.1 3.6 3.0 1.6 0.4 11.4 0.0 1.5 6.5 1.5 7.5 0.5 2.7 3.0 2.0 1.0 2.1 2.4 3.7 1.0 3.1 3.1 1.2 4.3 ...... 5.0 11.6 1.4 5.5 4.0 12.1 1.4 1.2 12.1 5.9 4.2 1.5 8.6 3.9 2.4 1.3 4.2 1.2 7.5 3.1 2.6 2.6 1.5 2.2 5.4 12.9 2.3 2.3 0.7 2.3 4.0 13.9 1.0 10.7 0.1 1.9 0.6 14.9 10.6 1.5 0.1 2.7 0.8 14.4 4.6 9.9 1.5 15.2 1.1 1.1 5.0 7.5 2.7 1.3 3.5 0.5 4.6 5.4 2.9 6.7 1.2 0.4 3.4 9.3 6.5 2.6 7.0 1.8 0.4 3.8 9.6 2.6 8.4 2.1 3.6 9.6 0.5 8.3 8.4 0.6 7.6 11.0 5.7 7.5 ...... 09886968707.0 14.0 13.9 2.3 7.0 5.3 15.3 7.6 1.8 2.4 6.8 5.5 8.9 8.0 1.1 6.9 0.7 1.6 6.3 4.4 8.8 5.1 1.8 0.4 2.3 3.7 1.3 0.4 14.2 10.9 4.2 2.7 0.2 10.9 1.5 0.4 12.5 14.8 11.1 4.3 0.3 3.0 6.0 2.8 15.5 9.8 0.7 3.3 3.8 6.0 14.1 3.5 2.9 10.9 22.3 1.3 5.3 10.8 13.8 10.3 5.3 12.8 1.1 2.6 2.4 6.2 13.0 4.9 8.6 11.6 0.9 1.3 6.1 9.9 4.2 1.1 5.2 77.4 0.8 11.4 2.3 9.9 22.7 0.9 5.6 1.2 2.7 0.8 1.9 7.4 8.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.8 2.1 8.6 1.1 1.0 2.3 4.7 1.5 1.9 2.3 1.7 2.1 4.1 2.2 ...... 6.1 1.9 3.6 6.5 1.8 3.7 7.2 1.4 ... 3.5 ...... 5.5 4.5 5.6 0.7 4.3 5.7 0.7 3.4 ... 0.8 ...... 1.8 6.3 2.0 6.3 3.5 2.0 7.3 ... 2.6 ...... 6.0 6.6 5.4 4.3 5.7 3.3 6.7 ... 5.7 ...... 0.8 1.0 1.7 0.7 0.8 1.7 0.3 19.1 0.4 - ... 19.9 - - - ... ------0.4 - 0.6 0.3 1.9 0.5 0.6 2.0 21.1 0.8 - ... 21.3 - ... ------. . . 3.4 3.3 3.1 1.8 xot Imports Exports Value Share . . . 5.9 5.6 4.6 4.3 33 Selected long-term trends 34 Selected long-term trends fia2425242424282927282.7 2.8 2.7 2.9 5.9 2.8 1.8 6.3 1.7 2.4 3.3 7.2 1.7 2.4 2.9 8.0 1.7 2.4 2.7 8.3 1.7 2.5 2.7 2.4 9.1 2.7 1.3 9.5 1.3 2.2 10.3 1.5 1.9 10.4 1.7 10.5 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.3 Africa Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) South andCentralAmerica North America sa76757575761. 121. 1812.1 1.6 11.8 11.3 1.5 11.2 1.5 11.9 1.6 7.6 1.9 7.5 2.6 7.5 2.5 7.5 2.4 7.6 2.4 2.3 Asia Middle East ul n iigpout . . . . . 201. 101. 12.0 11.4 9.7 11.0 10.3 11.5 10.2 12.0 9.9 7.5 9.7 100.0 100.0 7.1 100.0 9.1 7.0 100.0 9.6 100.0 7.2 9.4 7.8 100.0 100.0 9.3 100.0 9.3 100.0 100.0 Fuels andminingproducts 27.3 26.9 27.1 Agricultural products 28.1 Total merchandise 29.2 25.2 25.1 25.9 26.1 25.7 Inter-regional trade auatrs8. 128. 098. 597. 647. 75.0 75.9 76.4 76.0 75.9 80.2 80.9 81.4 81.2 80.7 Manufactures nr-uoe7. 287. 387. 927. 177. 71.7 72.0 71.7 100.0 100.0 70.4 100.0 69.2 100.0 100.0 73.7 100.0 73.8 100.0 72.9 100.0 72.8 100.0 100.0 73.2 4139.9 3457.2 2872.7 2732.8 2774.7 4031.1 3381.7 2835.7 2654.6 2633.5 Intra-Europe World World (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Merchandise trade ofEurope byregion andbyproduct, 2000-04 Table II.4 ot fia1212121210151413141.1 1.6 1.4 1.4 2.6 1.3 1.4 2.3 1.4 1.5 2.1 1.5 1.4 2.2 1.0 1.5 2.2 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.8 Sub-Saharan Africa North Africa Russian Federation te sa1211111116121214142.4 4.1 1.4 2.4 2.8 3.7 1.4 2.5 3.8 3.1 0.4 1.2 2.6 3.8 2.8 0.4 1.2 2.8 4.0 2.6 0.4 3.3 1.6 4.4 0.4 1.6 1.1 1.5 0.4 1.4 2.3 1.1 1.5 1.2 2.7 1.1 0.7 1.6 1.1 2.9 1.2 0.7 1.7 0.9 3.0 0.7 1.7 3.1 0.6 0.7 Other Asia Six EastAsiantraders Australia andNewZealand China Japan a aeil ...... 1.8 7.9 1.9 8.4 1.9 8.3 1.9 8.0 2.1 7.6 1.5 7.6 1.5 8.1 1.5 7.9 1.5 7.8 1.6 7.7 5.6 5.4 5.3 Raw materials 66.1 5.2 66.5 5.1 Food 66.3 65.2 6.3 64.1 6.0 5.8 67.4 5.7 67.8 67.1 5.9 67.2 67.4 Other Europe European Union(25) ltig2525262624323333333.2 1.9 9.1 3.3 2.1 9.5 3.3 2.2 9.5 3.3 2.2 9.4 3.2 2.2 9.2 2.4 2.0 9.3 2.6 2.2 7.8 3.1 9.6 2.6 8.7 2.2 8.0 12.6 2.5 9.6 2.5 8.4 2.3 12.6 1.9 8.1 37.3 9.5 2.3 2.5 7.9 12.4 2.4 1.8 8.1 37.9 9.4 2.3 1.3 11.4 8.2 1.9 8.0 38.5 2.5 1.2 10.7 8.5 39.4 2.1 1.2 8.6 40.1 14.9 3.3 2.2 5.0 8.7 1.2 14.9 2.7 39.8 4.8 14.6 8.9 1.3 1.7 2.6 40.3 4.6 13.6 8.8 Other manufactures 1.6 40.9 2.6 Clothing 0.8 13.0 4.8 8.9 Textiles 1.7 41.9 2.7 0.7 5.2 41.9 1.8 0.7 1.9 0.7 0.7 Machinery andtransportequipment Other semi-manufactures Chemicals Iron andsteel Non-ferrous metals Fuels Ores andotherminerals ot fia0405050607050506060.8 0.6 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.5 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.8 Other Sub-SaharanAfrica South Africa ih0606060606080808080.7 0.8 7.2 0.8 7.6 0.8 7.4 0.8 7.1 0.6 6.9 0.6 7.1 0.6 7.4 0.6 7.3 0.6 7.1 7.0 Other foodproducts Fish iclaeu auatrs5353545352525253535.1 5.3 2.3 1.8 5.3 2.3 1.8 12.0 5.2 2.3 1.8 12.3 5.2 2.3 1.9 12.4 15.1 2.2 12.8 1.8 5.2 15.4 8.6 4.0 12.9 14.8 5.3 8.6 2.1 2.1 10.2 4.0 14.5 5.4 8.5 2.2 14.9 10.3 2.1 3.9 14.2 5.3 15.0 2.2 8.4 11.3 2.0 3.0 15.0 5.3 16.8 2.3 12.1 8.4 2.0 15.4 2.3 16.9 2.2 13.1 1.9 15.2 16.6 9.9 5.0 16.3 8.0 9.9 4.9 15.8 8.4 Miscellaneous manufactures 9.8 Scientific andcontrollinginstruments 4.8 9.2 Personal andhouseholdgoods 9.7 3.9 10.2 9.9 3.1 10.9 Other machinery Transport equipment Office andtelecomequipment Other chemicals Pharmaceuticals te rnpr qimn ...... 4.7 1.8 10.4 4.8 1.8 10.6 4.6 4.6 2.3 3.8 10.2 4.8 4.7 2.5 3.7 9.7 4.6 5.0 2.8 4.0 9.5 5.4 4.2 4.9 1.5 12.0 5.8 4.5 4.8 1.5 12.2 4.8 3.2 11.8 1.9 3.3 5.1 11.3 3.5 2.1 3.4 11.0 4.8 3.7 2.3 3.7 4.1 4.0 4.4 4.3 Other transportequipment Automotive products Integrated circuits Telecommunications equipment EDP andofficeequipment 0020 0220 0420 0120 032004 2003 2002 2001 2000 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 xot Imports Exports Value Share World World Asia Middle East Africa Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) Europe South andCentralAmerica North America Manufactures Fuels andminingproducts Agricultural products Total merchandise a Includessignificantshipments recordedasexportstoHongKong, China withasfinaldestination. (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Merchandise trade ofJapan byregion andbyproduct, 1963, 1973, 1983, 1993, 2003and2004 Table II.5 Other manufactures Clothing Textiles Other machinery Transport equipment Office andtelecomequipment Machinery andtransportequipment Other semi-manufactures Chemicals Iron andsteel Non-ferrous metals Fuels Ores andotherminerals Raw materials Food Other Asia Australia andNewZealand Six EastAsiantraders China a Other Africa South Africa Russian Federation Other Europe European Union(25) Miscellaneous manufactures Scientific andcontrollinginstruments Personal andhouseholdgoods Electrical machinery Non-electrical machinery Power generatingmachinery Other transportequipment Automotive products Integrated circuits Telecommunications equipment EDP andofficeequipment Other chemicals Pharmaceuticals Other foodproducts Fish 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 889. 569. 309. 242. 154. 7156.3 57.1 46.1 21.5 25.6 22.4 92.7 93.0 95.5 95.6 90.7 88.8 9317 9319 0320 9317 9319 032004 2003 1993 1983 1973 1963 2004 2003 1993 1983 1973 1963 072. 243. 732. 763. 462. 8116.3 18.1 26.9 24.6 30.2 37.6 25.2 27.3 32.2 32.4 29.2 30.7 493. 104. 905. 823. 264. 9150.1 49.1 40.3 32.6 34.5 28.2 51.1 49.0 40.1 31.0 31.6 34.9 331. 581. 701. 001. . 551. 14.2 14.5 15.5 8.8 10.6 10.0 16.8 17.0 18.3 15.8 17.9 13.3 745. 387. 686. 2083701. 7627.4 27.6 16.9 7.0 8.3 12.0 65.6 66.8 71.8 63.8 51.7 27.4 581. 782. 933. . . . 701. 16.5 16.6 17.0 9.7 9.8 8.4 30.5 29.3 28.3 17.8 18.0 15.8 17706344434212392149434.4 4.3 4.9 1.2 2.1 0.9 3.9 1.7 1.2 1.1 4.2 0.6 4.3 1.3 4.4 4.1 6.3 3.8 7.0 4.0 11.7 8.7 14.4 12.9 68663619141306301216131.2 1.3 1.6 1.2 3.0 0.6 4.3 4.7 1.3 4.5 1.4 2.1 1.9 1.8 3.6 2.4 6.6 16.8 26.0 27.3 28.3 28.6 26.1 12.2 036581778488173633851. 9.8 10.2 8.5 3.3 3.6 1.7 8.8 8.4 7.7 8.1 6.5 10.3 4269634618171. 201. . . 8.1 8.4 9.1 12.9 12.0 10.3 1.7 1.8 4.6 6.3 6.9 14.2 . 69170322418558673. 2. 4. 8. 454.5 382.9 241.6 126.4 38.3 6.7 565.8 471.8 362.2 147.0 36.9 5.5 ...... 293. 592. 6127.6 26.1 26.8 55.9 37.8 32.9 2.0 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.2 ...... 453. 072. 5314.4 15.3 24.6 20.7 36.0 44.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.8 4.1 8.8 ...... 802. 672. 1221.9 21.2 20.4 46.7 21.8 18.0 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.3 ...... 081. 351. 2311.6 12.3 17.3 13.5 18.9 20.8 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.0 2.4 5.9 . 271. 331. 81212119681. 14.1 14.2 6.8 1.9 2.1 2.1 18.1 19.1 23.3 18.4 12.7 6.8 . . . . 541. . . . . 9720.7 19.7 8.5 13.8 4.0 13.4 2.5 11.3 26.5 1.1 12.5 11.2 16.4 15.4 2.6 4.8 2.7 3.3 3.3 2.8 10.8 1.1 4.1 3.2 ...... 2.6 2.2 2.7 3.2 4.3 1.9 1.0 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.8 0.8 ...... 3.1 3.3 5.8 3.1 2.6 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 1.4 3.7 ...... 6.0 1.6 6.1 7.6 1.6 5.7 7.7 1.6 4.6 7.3 1.0 3.9 5.5 0.9 4.9 4.9 0.6 5.5 7.9 0.6 7.6 8.5 0.7 5.1 8.3 0.4 4.4 5.6 0.2 5.5 4.6 0.3 5.3 5.8 0.5 5.8 ...... 0.9 1.0 0.7 1.9 0.9 0.8 1.7 0.8 1.3 1.6 1.3 3.1 2.6 1.5 2.0 4.5 1.9 2.3 3.9 0.7 2.0 0.5 0.6 1.2 2.8 0.4 1.5 1.0 3.5 0.6 2.4 2.0 4.4 1.2 2.4 3.6 6.4 1.6 4.8 4.1 1.5 1.4 6.3 1.4 3.3 2.3 5.2 5.3 ...... 4.8 2.5 5.0 2.5 2.5 4.6 2.7 4.8 1.5 1.9 2.4 5.1 0.8 2.1 0.6 5.2 1.0 1.2 0.6 0.4 1.2 1.0 1.2 0.0 1.5 5.2 0.8 3.5 0.1 5.1 0.1 0.6 3.1 5.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 2.1 6.5 0.2 0.9 0.1 1.4 2.4 0.2 0.2 3.7 1.3 5.5 0.4 0.4 3.1 1.2 1.7 1.0 1.3 3.9 1.3 0.5 0.2 ...... 301. . . . 3.1 2.7 3.6 5.9 11.6 13.0 0.5 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 ...... 371. . . . 2.8 2.9 8.5 7.3 9.0 7.1 11.6 10.5 17.1 16.3 23.7 20.2 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.6 1.7 0.9 3.0 2.2 ...... 026058454.8 4.5 5.8 6.0 10.2 8.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.6 3.9 3.7 ...... 4.1 4.1 3.6 2.1 3.4 1.5 8.9 0.9 2.7 1.8 8.7 2.8 1.3 1.6 1.8 5.6 2.9 1.3 2.8 1.6 3.0 2.7 5.4 1.2 6.7 4.4 0.5 1.9 6.6 7.5 0.6 13.6 6.4 12.6 0.5 5.6 21.5 12.4 5.1 5.6 20.4 10.3 20.5 4.3 20.1 6.2 8.1 21.8 3.6 16.8 22.1 7.7 4.6 12.9 20.9 14.1 8.4 12.0 8.7 3.4 ...... 4.6 3.5 4.5 6.0 3.4 2.2 6.3 1.8 0.7 2.9 0.4 ... 0.8 ...... 7.2 6.3 7.5 4.6 6.5 6.1 5.1 8.1 2.5 9.1 11.1 ... 4.8 ...... 601. . 3112.7 13.1 ... - - - 15.8 16.0 ... - - - . . . . . 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.5 1.2 1.1 1.5 1.2 - ... ------0.6 0.7 0.4 1.0 0.5 0.4 0.9 0.5 - ... ------xot Imports Exports Value Share 35 Selected long-term trends Selected long-term trends

36 1. Overview Trade byregion III. -25 -20 -15 -10 -25 -20 -15 -10 -25 -20 -15 -10 -25 -20 -15 -10 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 (Annual percentage changeinvalue) Value ofworldmerchandise trade byregion, 1997-04 Chart III.1 -5 -5 -5 -5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 19981999 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1998 1999 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1998 1999 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1998 1999 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1998 1999 -26 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates 37 North America Europe Asia xot Imports Exports 37 -25 -20 -15 -10 -25 -20 -15 -10 -25 -20 -15 -10 -25 -20 -15 -10 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 -5 -5 -5 -5 0 5 0 5 0 5 0 5 1998 2002 1999 20002001 2003 2004 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1998 1999 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1998 1999 44 South andCentral America Middle East Africa World 32 37 Trade by region 38 Trade by region -15 -10 -15 -10 -15 -10 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 -5 -5 -5 0 5 0 5 0 5 (Annual percentage change) Chart III.2 Volume ofworldmerchandise trade byselectedregion, 1997-04 1998 1999 2000 1998 2001 20022003 2004 1999 2000 1998 2001 2002 2003 2004 1998 1999 2000 1998 2001 20022003 2004 ot mrc SouthandCentral America North America Europe Asia xot Imports Exports -15 -10 -15 -10 -15 -10 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 -5 -5 -5 0 5 0 5 0 5 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 -27 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates World Europe ot n eta mrc 26 313031 901 30 14 13 5 0 -4 9 2 3.1 19.5 3.0 17.1 16.6 3.1 1324 276 South andCentralAmerica North America ideEs 30 413043 1 029 20 5 10 25 4.3 32 18 3.0 37 25 8 4.1 27 2 10 6 390 12 26.4 16 26.0 2.3 21.8 2.3 2.2 Memorandum items: 2.2 3.1 2388 Asia 266 232 Middle East Africa Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) sa 24 2. 452. 061 27 19 6 10 27 22.9 27 13 24.5 22 4 20.3 2 12 2224 13 27 2.4 5 17 2.0 2.5 8 -13 2.5 2.9 Memorandum items: 4 1 2.8 252 5 Asia 172 3.1 212 Middle East 3.4 Africa 25.8 4140 2.5 19.8 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) 19.6 Europe 237 South andCentralAmerica 2013 North America ol 97World 8907 100.0 100.0 21 100.0 17 5 9 ol 20 100100100 941 21 17 4 9 100.0 100.0 100.0 9250 World (Billion dollarsandpercentage) (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table III.1 Table III.2 World merchandise exportsbyregion, 2004 World merchandise importsby region, 2004 usa eeain 9 . . 11 527 25 13 21 0.7 1.2 - 96 Russian Federation ECSR() 4 081614 1-61 37 10 -26 1 1.4 1.6 0.8 94 MERCOSUR (4) ntdSae 1 161. 25 1- 13 5 -5 1 12.5 11.7 11.6 819 Brazil United States 96 0.9 32 0.9 21 0.9 4 15 SA 1) 5 . . . 320 13 5 6 28 19 6.9 24 35 20 1 6.4 15 35 13 4.2 13 26 6 22 3 35 23 552 7 24 1.3 4 27 2 1.4 5 10.4 4.0 11 1.4 7.6 10.3 3.0 15 8.8 7.8 0.5 136 1.8 8.5 MERCOSUR (4) 1.7 0.6 ASEAN (10) 860 593 1.6 0.7 Six EastAsiantraders 566 China - Japan 46 South Africa 183 Russian Federation European Union(25) SA 1) 0 . . . 025 10 5 7 5.8 27 36 19 6.9 12 40 4.6 14 39 4 21 -3 40 500 6 26 5 4 30 9.4 3.4 18 5.8 2 11.0 2.6 17 6.5 8.0 -15 0.5 1.5 9 6.7 3 0.6 ASEAN (10) 785 2 561 0.5 Six EastAsiantraders 455 China 0.9 5 Japan 57 1.0 South Africa 19.3 0.6 15.0 3791 European Union(25) 66 14.8 Brazil 1526 United States 74 - 3714 au hr Annualpercentagechange Share Value au Sae Annualpercentagechange Share Value 0419 9520 000 0220 2004 2003 2002 2000-04 2000 1995 1990 2004 0419 9520 000 0220 2004 2003 2002 2000-04 2000 1995 1990 2004 4031 - - 654. 1 919 19 7 11 42.0 46.5 - - ... . . 2 02 30 27 10 21 1.2 1.8 - 3. 1 019 20 5 39.2 10 544. 1 020 20 5 11 42.5 45.4 ... 89 171 19 19 7 11 38.9 39 Trade by region 40 Trade by region World Asia Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) Middle East Africa Europe South andCentralAmerica North America World Asia Middle East Africa Europe South andCentralAmerica North America Share ofregionaltradeflowsinworldmerchandiseexports Share ofinter-regionaltradeflowsineachregion'stotalmerchandiseexports Middle East Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) World Asia Africa Europe South andCentralAmerica North America Value (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Intra- andinter-regional merchandise trade, 2004 Table III.3 Ori g in Destination mrc mrc Euro America America ot eta ofInde Central North 56.0 822235 7 0 4 2065 245 205 179 3957 242 1852 85304. 0.4 42.7 3.0 18.5 23161. . . 3.1 1.9 1.0 17.5 1.6 22.3 08274. . . . 23.2 2.8 2.3 2.0 44.4 2.7 20.8 08274. . . . 23.2 2.8 2.3 2.0 44.4 2.7 20.8 33.7 742 41101. . 3.3 0.3 16.4 1.0 14.1 6 51 367 3 9472 575 45 25 417 39 533 8.3 . 1.3 9.1 1.0 . . . . 0.1 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.6 . . 48.5 2.3 6.8 . . 1.4 0.1 0.2 93 . . . 0.0 1.1 0.1 0.5 . . . . . 0.8 0.5 0.3 4.7 0.4 6.0 . 0.6 4.1 379 1 99 7 43 546 13 1 64 4 55 86129 6 18 ot n Commonwealth South and 23.2 0.7 . 630411191. 100.0 18.8 1.9 1.1 0.4 16.3 5.4 64 ...... 14.9 2.8 0.3 0.2 0.1 2.4 0.8 12651 5291324 249 25 15 5 216 71 2973 73.8 33.4 141125181. 100.0 14.1 1.8 2.5 1.1 21.4 . . . . . 3.1 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.7 93753 276 39 5 7 3 59 p tts(I)Arc atAi World Asia East Africa States(CIS) e 20.7 0.6 p . . . . 100.0 7.6 2.6 2.4 2.2 . . . . 45.3 3.5 1.2 1.1 1.0 55 netMiddle endent 89 0 0 4031 308 105 98 88 9.9 0.3 . . 32100.0 13.2 3.8 1.5 . . . 3.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 23 03 266 35 10 4 5.6 0.2 . 68100.0 16.8 1.3 . . 2.6 0.4 0.0 22 9232 39 3 1201 13.5 50.3 95100.0 49.5 9 390 193 . 4.4 2.2 100.0 100.0 100.0 8907 2388 26.8 -15 -10 -15 -10 -15 -10 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 -5 -5 -5 0 5 0 5 0 5 (Annual percentage changeinvalue) World trade incommercial servicesbyselectedregion, 1997-04 Chart III.3 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1998 1999 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 19981999 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1998 1999 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1998 1999 ot mrc SouthandCentral America North America Europe Asia xot Imports Exports -15 -10 -15 -10 -15 -10 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 10 15 20 25 30 -5 -5 -5 0 5 0 5 0 5 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1998 1999 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1998 1999 World Africa 41 Trade by region 42 Trade by region Asia Middle East Africa Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) Europe South andCentralAmerica North America a Secretariatestimatesforexportspriorto2003arebasedonthenewmethodologyappliedbyBankofJapan.SeeTechn World World exportsofcommercial servicesbyregion, 2004 Table III.4 (Billion dollarsandpercentage) New Zealand Malaysia Thailand Australia Taipei, Chinese Singapore India Korea, Republicof Hong Kong,China China Japan a Israel South Africa Egypt Russian Federation European Union(25) Brazil United States Spain France Germany United Kingdom au hr Annualpercentagechange Share Value 15 0. 0. 0. 418 14 7 9 100.0 100.0 100.0 2125 0419 9520 000 0220 2004 2003 2002 2000-04 2000 1995 1990 2004 07 554. 1 917 17 19 19 9 9 43.5 12 48.6 12 45.5 50.5 - 1017 - 1126 1 857054 841 12 15 4 8 5.4 7.0 8.5 110 5 1. 182. 07927 9 7 10 20.7 21.8 16.8 450 1 1. 681. 11 11 5 5 2 2 3 18.8 3 22.3 16.8 19.8 17.0 318 20.3 379 3 656254 1 52 15 18 20 13 15 11 14 5.4 10 7.9 6.2 6.5 6.5 134 6.9 172 6 . . . 3914 9 -3 4 3.2 2.9 2.9 56 0 . . . ..1 1... 21 14 ... 1.1 ...... 40 6 . . . 21 16 13 -2 5 2.0 ...... 36 9 . . . 8321 3 18 8 0.9 1.2 0.8 19 5 . . . 25 8 2 7 4.9 5.8 ... 95 4 . . . 041 30 20 19 25 24 23 11 4 20 4 16 23 10 0.7 20 12 19 2.1 7 0.7 0.6 20 1.2 18 2.2 12 0.6 0.9 3.6 14 ... 2.4 48 - 3.4 20 - 33 3.5 85 4 . . . 71 16 12 -7 0 1.0 0.7 0.6 14 7 . . . 924 20 -9 11 19 18 3 7 2 27 7 18 5 9 0.9 15 3 8 6 1.2 1.0 6 1.3 -3 6 9 2.0 1.3 0.5 17 1.3 8 2.0 2.3 1.3 25 8 2.6 0.9 26 1.9 1.6 37 2.9 1.2 40 2.3 54 20 9 1 6 0.6 0.5 0.5 12 2 . . . 02 834 18 20 20 2.0 1.6 0.7 62 040403 1 010 60 1 13 0.3 0.4 0.4 8 030403 1 82 23 25 18 16 0.3 0.4 0.3 8 ical Notes. Asia Middle East Africa Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) Europe South andCentralAmerica North America a Secretariatestimate. World (Billion dollarsandpercentage) World importsofcommercial servicesbyregion, 2004 Table III.5 Malaysia Indonesia a Thailand Australia Hong Kong,China Taipei, Chinese Singapore India Korea, Republicof China Japan Israel Egypt South Africa Russian Federation European Union(25) Brazil United States Italy France United Kingdom Germany au hr Annualpercentagechange Share Value 05 0. 0. 0. 417 14 5 9 100.0 100.0 100.0 2095 05 674. 1 915 19 8 45.7 11 46.7 - 1025 0419 9520 000 0220 2004 2003 2002 2000-04 2000 1995 1990 2004 3 1. 0179 40322 3 0 4 7.9 10.1 10.3 134 9 1. 0992 921 13 19 2 9 9.2 10.9 10.2 193 6 1. 081. 14 13 8 9 2 3 6 14.2 6 18.3 10.8 14.3 11.9 260 16.5 335 5 -4. 25 181 15 19 8 42.5 11 43.5 - 954 1 2. 742. 25 8 5 8 25.1 27.4 21.8 512 3 545265 991 14 13 9 9 6.5 5.2 5.4 136 1 . . . ..52 ... 23 5 ... 1.3 ...... 41 9 . . . 278 7 -2 3 1.1 1.2 0.7 19 6 . . . 1 12 14 6 4 -15 -11 1 1.1 1 3.7 1.1 3.8 0.8 16 3.0 58 1 ...... 2 8 ... 1.0 1.1 0.7 21 3 . . . 8413 20 4 12 -8 1 2 0.8 7 3.1 0.7 ... 0.6 13 ... 61 3 . . . 11 28 22 16 9 20 19 23 1 4 14 7 -1 4 11 2 1.0 9 5 1.2 5 1.7 1.6 4 1.7 1.4 7 1.9 1.7 0.8 23 1.9 1.6 26 1.7 1.3 30 1.7 30 1.0 36 5 . . . 061 16 24 16 25 10 16 6 17 20 15 10 16 2.6 9 1.1 19 1.6 20 2.9 10 1.7 3.7 ... 3.2 55 - 4.6 33 - 50 5.7 81 0 . . . 11 025 31 10 19 11 18 11 2.2 19 2.4 2.1 2.1 1.2 50 0.5 72 6 . . . 31 018 20 10 13 4.1 5.4 6.1 96 040405 1- 22 0 -5 1 0.5 0.4 0.4 7 040504 1 916 49 3 13 0.4 0.5 0.4 9 43 Trade by region 44 Trade by region Note (Billion dollars) Trade incommercial servicesofselectedeconomiesbypartners, 2003 Chart III.4 World Note Note World (Percentage) Exports ofcommercial servicesofselectedeconomiesbypartners, 2003 Table III.6 (Percentage) Imports ofcommercial servicesofselectedeconomiesbypartners, 2003 Table III.7 : Excludingintra-EUtrade Other economies Japan European Union(15) United States Other economies Japan European Union(15) United States : Excludingintra-EU(15)trade. : Excludingintra-EU(15)trade. 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 50 0 States United Union (15) European Exports United States European Union(15) Japan ol ntdSae U(5 aa Othereconomies Japan EU(15) UnitedStates World 0 02 58 63 58 7 5 7 24 - 21 10 32 14 100 100 100 0 12 48 55 - 10 22 35 31 - 100 100 ol ntdSae U(5 aa Othereconomies Japan EU(15) UnitedStates World 0 72 50 49 65 54 54 5 - 3 8 5 27 21 - 38 23 17 29 32 - 19 100 100 100 100 100 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 50 0 States United Other Japan Union (15) Imports European Japan 2. North America 1000 1500 2000 2500 (Billion dollars) Chart III.5 Merchandise trade ofNorthAmerica, 1994-04 au 342013 1324 Volume 21.8 14.9 Value Annual percentagechange Share inworldmerchandisetrade Value (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table III.8 Merchandise trade ofNorthAmerica, 2004 500 0 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0 2 0 04 03 02 01 00 99 98 97 96 95 94 000 . 3.5 11.0 7.0 5.5 2000-04 0.0 6.5 1995-00 8.0 1990-95 7.5 1985-90 8.5 1980-85 0.5 5 11 8 9 6 2000-04 2 1995-00 7 1990-95 9 1985-90 11 1980-85 2 047510.5 4.5 3.5 2004 7.5 2003 1.0 2002 -2.5 17 8 1 2004 14 2003 5 2002 -4 Imports xot Imports Exports Exports (Percentage basedonvaluedata) Chart III.6 1994-04 Share ofNorthAmericainworldmerchandise trade, oa 3421 0. 100.0 100.0 Product group 2013 1324 Region Total 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 (Billion dollarsandpercentage) and bymajorproduct group, 2004 Merchandise trade ofNorthAmericabyregion Table III.9 auatrs10 567. 76.3 76.2 33.0 6.1 18.8 1536 2.6 0.8 14.3 2.9 1009 9.9 10.0 1.1 0.4 1.9 664 249 123 289 18.9 53 17 58 131 132 16.3 15 5 25 381 Manufactures 216 6.1 Fuels andminingproducts 35.4 Agricultural products 5.4 56.0 713 124 Asia 742 71 Middle East Africa CIS Europe South andCentralAmerica Intra-North America 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0 2 0 04 03 02 01 00 99 98 97 96 95 94 Imports xot mot xot Imports Exports Exports Imports Exports au Share Value 45 Trade by region 46 Trade by region (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Merchandise exportsofNorthAmericabyproduct, 2004 Table III.10 Manufactures Fuels andminingproducts Agricultural products Total merchandiseexports Other manufactures Clothing Textiles Machinery andtransportequipment Other semi-manufactures Chemicals Iron andsteel Non-ferrous metals Fuels Ores andotherminerals Raw materials Food Miscellaneous manufactures Scientific andcontrollinginstruments Personal andhouseholdgoods Other machinery Transport equipment Office andtelecomequipment Other chemicals Pharmaceuticals Other foodproducts Fish Other transportequipment Automotive products Integrated circuits Telecommunications equipment EDP andofficeequipment 20 0020 0020 000 0220 2004 2003 2002 2000-04 2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 0877. 622. 541- 14 3 -4 1 15.4 20.5 76.2 14 78.6 5 1008.7 -4 2 14.9 19.5 100.0 100.0 1324.5 3. . . 091. 299 9 -2 3 16.7 20.9 9.9 9.4 131.0 3. . 001. 039- 526 25 -6 9 10.3 10.8 10.0 7.7 132.1 au fNrhAeiawrdeprsAnnualpercentagechange worldexports ofNorthAmerica Value 4. 821. 692. 9 0 1 2 20.0 26.9 18.2 18.2 241.0 9. 561. 301. 5117 1 -5 1 17.4 23.0 14.9 15.6 197.7 4. . 071. 46821 21 12 2 8 14.6 17.6 10.7 8.4 142.1 7. 291. 752. 10 1 4 2 20.3 27.5 13.0 12.9 171.6 1. . . 841. 020 10 1 7 15.6 18.4 8.6 7.1 113.4 2. . . 081. 4513 5 -4 2 15.9 20.8 9.3 9.1 122.6 6. 701. 161. 5-3210 12 2 1 -13 -5 -5 -1 14.9 17.5 21.6 23.7 12.8 45.9 17.0 50.8 169.1 607.9 6713131. . 9 1 2 1 8.6 10.2 1.3 1.3 16.7 2347471. 502- 12 4 -4 2 15.0 19.0 4.7 4.7 62.3 4532343. 364- 17 6 -5 4 23.6 32.5 3.4 3.2 44.5 26 37 21 13 5 7 17 10 11.6 14.0 6.3 7.9 2.2 1.2 1.3 0.9 28.6 16.7 44547197959- 223 32 -8 9 9.5 9.7 7.1 5.4 94.4 1415161. 245- 34 3 -5 5 12.4 14.1 1.6 1.5 21.4 8129292. 442- 18 6 -3 2 24.4 29.1 2.9 2.9 38.1 8565671. 403- 15 3 -2 3 14.0 17.9 6.7 6.5 88.5 6409121. 421 633 16 0 11 14.2 16.1 1.2 0.9 16.4 3952412. 41- 1 822 -8 -12 -4 14.1 22.3 4.1 5.2 53.9 4316119855- 7- -4 -6 -7 -7 5.5 9.8 1.1 1.6 14.3 5813121. . 338 3 -3 0 9.6 13.6 1.2 1.3 15.8 5160641. 534- 06 10 -2 4 15.3 19.5 6.4 6.0 85.1 3065701. 484- 06 10 -2 4 14.8 18.6 7.0 6.5 93.0 1361462. 46- 1 6 5 -18 -5 14.6 20.2 4.6 6.1 61.3 9453522. 932- 47 -4 -4 2 19.3 25.5 5.2 5.3 69.4 3957412. 63- 884 8 -8 -6 16.3 22.6 4.1 5.7 53.9 . . . 221. 9 6 3 5 11.3 12.2 0.6 0.5 7.9 hr neprsSharein Share inexports Manufactures Fuels andminingproducts Agricultural products Total merchandiseimports (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Merchandise importsofNorthAmericabyproduct, 2004 Table III.11 Other manufactures Clothing Textiles Machinery andtransportequipment Other semi-manufactures Chemicals Iron andsteel Non-ferrous metals Fuels Ores andotherminerals Raw materials Food Miscellaneous manufactures Scientific andcontrollinginstruments Personal andhouseholdgoods Other machinery Transport equipment Office andtelecomequipment Other chemicals Pharmaceuticals Other foodproducts Fish Other transportequipment Automotive products Integrated circuits Telecommunications equipment EDP andofficeequipment 20 0020 0020 000 0220 2004 2003 2002 2000-04 2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 au fNrhAeiawrdiprsAnnualpercentagechange worldimports ofNorthAmerica Value 5647. 632. 2642515 5 2 4 22.6 27.4 76.3 78.8 1536.4 0271001002. 1851817 8 1 5 21.8 25.8 100.0 100.0 2012.7 2. . . 621. 12 8 4 6 14.7 16.2 6.1 5.7 123.3 8. 161. 152. 0- 833 28 -7 10 21.4 21.5 14.3 11.6 288.6 4. . 222. 351 63 32 34 -6 11 23.5 22.3 12.2 9.4 245.1 4. 311. 582. 3316 3 -3 2 20.6 25.8 12.0 13.1 241.0 4. 654. 922. 14 3 13 0 16 2 8 23.7 11 29.2 16.7 41.8 18.5 46.5 8.3 841.4 6.6 167.2 2. 081. 222. 12 7 5 5 27.8 32.2 11.1 10.8 224.2 2. . . 861. 214 12 3 7 16.2 18.6 6.1 5.4 122.0 2. . . 232. 10 5 5 4 27.9 24 32.3 18 7 6 6.0 2 6.1 1 5 2 121.5 28.4 28.3 31.4 29.6 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.7 110.6 121.2 4. . . 552. 17 6 5 5 21.9 25.5 7.3 7.2 147.7 7. 6513.7 16.5 276.0 7. 411. 053. 8 9 2 2 8 5 3 3 31.8 26.5 40.5 33.8 13.6 16.1 14.1 17.0 273.4 324.4 4243222. 33-2-4- 15 -8 -14 -12 13.3 23.4 2.2 4.3 44.2 1417162. 803-2240 29 2 6 -12 -3 3 5 18.0 21.7 9.2 13.3 1.6 1.7 0.6 0.6 31.4 12.0 1536401. 37871 10 10 7 8 13.7 14.7 4.0 3.6 81.5 5112221. 822 82 12 27 28 22 18.2 18.3 2.2 1.2 45.1 8014141. 6840324 3 0 4 16.8 18.4 1.4 1.4 28.0 0419202. 116- 119 12 11 9 -2 8 6 7 21.1 34.6 26.3 37.5 2.0 3.1 1.9 2.8 40.4 62.2 1117201. 4594- 83 -6 4 9 14.5 18.6 2.0 1.7 41.1 0916151. 5047511 5 11 2 7 -8 4 1 15.0 16.0 13.9 18.5 1.5 1.6 2.5 2.8 30.9 51.0 3944423. 113066 6 0 3 31.1 36.2 4.2 4.4 83.9 3707072. 853293 9 2 3 18.5 21.2 0.7 0.7 13.7 5243471. 42761 9 10 6 7 14.2 15.5 4.7 4.3 95.2 hr niprsSharein Share inimports 822. 2320 3 -2 0 24.0 28.2 47 Trade by region 48 Trade by region ne-einltae 8. 424. 6614 6 -6 2 43.9 44.2 581.8 Inter-regional trade ideEs 2. . . 2322 3 31 -2 0 5 -1 11 24 1.9 1 1.7 0.4 -12 0.3 25.1 5 5.3 1.1 1.0 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) Africa 14.8 Middle East ot n eta mrc 7. . . 1 19 1 -11 1 5.4 13 5.5 7 -9 71.4 1 16.3 16.7 South andCentralAmerica Europe 215.9 omnelho needn tts(I) 16.5 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) sa2921. 882- 13 8 -1 2 18.8 19.0 249.2 Asia nr-ot mrc 7225. 602- 14 4 -2 2 56.0 55.8 742.2 Intra-North America ideEs 5. . . 7 2 23 22 -7 7 2.9 2.6 -11 57.7 14 2.6 1.9 45 Africa 52.9 Middle East 40 (Billion dollarsandpercentage) uoe3121. 8963 123.5 6 18.9 6 18.0 South andCentralAmerica 9 6 Europe 381.2 33.0 31.7 7 Asia 663.8 13 19 (Billion dollarsandpercentage) ol 3441001002- 14 5 -4 2 100.0 100.0 World 1324.4 ne-einltae 256 99 44 4 0 19 10 4 6 64.4 59.9 1295.6 12 4 -2 Inter-regional trade 2 35.4 39.7 712.8 Intra-North America World 2012.7 Table III.13 100.0 100.0 5 2 7 17 Table III.12 Merchandise importsofNorthAmericabyorigin, 2004 Merchandise exportsofNorthAmericabydestination, 2004 te uoe 18.7 56.3 16.9 28.1 Other SouthandCentralAmerica Other Europe Hong Kong,China Korea, Republicof China 40.3 rzl1. . . 2-2- 24 -8 -22 -2 1.1 1.4 Brazil 15.2 te fia 130709 -2 2 28 -2 -12 7 13 0.9 7 0.7 0.3 -9 11.3 1 3.5 14.9 15.3 197.1 Other Africa South Africa European Union(25) te sa 102.4 Other Asia Japan 61.6 te fia 601623 4 1 5 42 52 -12 14 2.3 1.6 0.3 46.0 6.9 Other Africa South Africa te ot n eta mrc 94.4 Other SouthandCentralAmerica te sa 145.1 Other Asia te uoe 33.9 Other Europe uoenUin(5 3731. 7362 12 -1 9 3 -5 13 2 -6 5 -3 6 0 2 -6 -5 12 17.3 2 0.5 14 16.4 1.9 0.8 2.6 2.8 347.3 1.4 1 2.9 10.3 1.0 -6 39.2 -2 15 23 52.3 Brazil 29.2 -2 0.8 20 European Union(25) 2 1.3 7.7 12.2 Hong Kong,China 10.1 Singapore 16.3 7.1 -4 Taipei, Chinese 24 22 Korea, Republicof Japan 155.3 China 245.1 -7 11 31 au hr Annualpercentagechange Share Value au hr Annualpercentagechange Share Value 0420 0420-420 032004 2003 2002 2000-04 2004 2000 2004 4.1 1.6 6.8 . . 1327 47 11 0.8 0.6 . . 414 27 9 6.1 5.2 4.2 1.5 7.8 1.3 2.4 1.5 5.9 4.7 8 2 14 1.7 6 29 7.2 6 5 6 22 0.3 2 -13 4.2 2 14 -8 13 4 1.4 1 18 -13 7.7 2 11 1.3 2 2 2.1 -1 14 -9 5 3.0 21 1 8 4.6 -4 13 6 13 15 -10 28 10 2 25 5 0.3 9 -9 14 30 6719 Importers Exporters (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table III.14 Merchandise exportsandimportsofCanada, MexicoandtheUnitedStates, 2004 ot mrc 21 5 8 7 . 35 . 10.5 4.5 3.5 3.5 7.5 1.0 17 -2.5 8 0.0 1 14 5 5 -4 2013 2 1324 North America North America ntdSae 12 5 9 7 . 45 . 11.0 5.5 4.5 9.0 4.5 3.0 17 -4.0 0.5 9 2 13 5 5 -5 1526 1 819 United States Mexico 206 Canada 280 3 United States 3 Mexico 189 Canada 317 3 0 0 3 1 1 8 -3 3 16 14 8 1.0 1.5 14 16 -1.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.0 -1.0 4.0 -1.5 8.0 -1.5 9.5 -2.0 7.0 2.5 au au Volume Value Value 0420-420 0320 000 0220 2004 2003 2002 2000-04 2004 2003 2002 2000-04 2004 Annual percentagechange 49 Trade by region 50 Trade by region Destination bv 03309. 89--Aoe3 6. 479. - - 97.1 94.7 265.5 Above30 - - 98.9 99.1 313.0 13 Above 30 7 84.9 84.5 232.2 Above5 16 7 94.5 95.6 299.2 Above 5 ol 1. 0. 0. 6Wrd234100100814 8 100.0 100.0 273.4 Region World 16 8 100.0 100.0 316.5 World Region cnm Economy Economy a Importsarevaluedf.o.b. (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table III.15 Merchandise trade ofCanadabyregion andeconomy, 2004 ua02010192 agaeh0400011950 71 139 28 7 41 0.1 9 0.2 31 0.0 21 0.1 0.2 10 0.2 0.4 39 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 14 0.2 0.5 0.4 -10 0.2 5 8 -3 0.5 1 0.1 16 8 0.2 5 18 0.5 0.3 Bangladesh 0.4 0.3 -2 0.3 0.2 44 0.2 28 0.6 0.4 0.3 Cuba NewZealand 38 0.8 19 9 0.7 0.4 Turkey 0.8 59 21 19 0.3 25 0.1 17 25 48 0.7 28 294 0.3 44 16 Israel 0.4 98 85 26 SouthAfrica 6 6 0.1 0.1 14 18 0.4 0.1 -35 139 0.3 17 HongKong,China 0.9 67 26 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.4 -29 0.7 1.2 38 40 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.5 24 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.3 0.1 0.4 0 0.1 Indonesia 27 Singapore 39 1.4 1.3 Iraq 24 1.1 0.1 0.3 1.6 1.0 13 1.8 0.1 0.1 Philippines 56 0.7 34 23 19 -1 -1 0.3 0.1 57 0.3 SaudiArabia 0.9 0.7 37 31 4 1.4 BolivarianRep.ofVenezuela 10 1.1 0.3 41 0.1 0.3 0.1 1 1.2 2.0 14 18 1.4 0.1 Cuba 21 RussianFederation 0.0 40 23 128 0.1 0.1 7 2.4 India Pakistan 3.8 -3 0.1 3.8 3.0 30 18 Switzerland 0.1 0.1 Chile Chile 36 0.3 Australia 0.3 4.6 3.8 Thailand 49 0.1 0.3 Turkey 6.8 1.6 0.0 48 41 0.3 77 Brazil -14 3.3 South Africa 60 0.1 10.3 24 3.1 1.4 87 6 0.1 -37 0.4 Israel 0.1 3 15 27 10.3 109 0.4 Colombia 0.1 18.5 4.5 0.1 0.1 0.2 Malaysia 30 Russian Federation 0.5 0.2 0.2 Taipei,Chinese 0.2 10 20 0.5 0.1 United ArabEmirates 0.2 0.5 Algeria 7 0.2 0.1 0.2 Norway 5 25 55 Philippines 13 0.4 23 0.3 0.5 23 28 Malaysia 1.3 0.7 12 0.5 14 13 0.9 56 58.8 New Zealand 9 0.7 Korea,Republicof 0.3 41 63.1 0.3 0.7 Japan 11.8 1.4 Bolivarian Rep.ofVenezuela 14 21 0.3 Mexico 10.4 0.4 0.2 0.3 25 160.8 Thailand 0.8 14 14 2.5 45 China Saudi Arabia 8 0.3 0.3 0.9 32.3 49 2 1.1 13.9 17.2 3.8 Singapore 13 29 12.1 14.2 1.2 0.5 1.1 Switzerland 0.7 9 Indonesia 1.6 0.5 38.1 46.9 0.5 India 38 2.1 CIS 11 EuropeanUnion(25) UnitedStates 0.9 1.7 Brazil 13 2.3 2.2 5 MiddleEast Taipei, Chinese 33 5.1 22 15 2.5 Hong Kong,China 64 6.6 25 6 62.6 9 Norway 1.8 66.4 Africa 0.1 5.5 Australia 11 84.6 6.9 171.1 Korea, Republicof 0.1 4.7 87.3 Europe 39 0.4 Asia 21 267.9 0.5 0.4 17.4 24 24 Mexico South andCentralAmerica 0.5 24 1.3 China 18 0.4 29 6.2 Japan NorthAmerica 6.4 7 European Union(25) 1.6 5.1 5.3 15 United States 1.0 19.5 6 20.3 1.0 85.4 CIS 3.1 87.7 Africa 270.3 Middle East South andCentralAmerica Europe Asia North America au hr hneVleSaechange Share Value change Share Value 0420 0420 0420 0020 032004 2003 2004 2000 2004 2004 2003 2004 2000 2004 xot Importsa Exports ecnaepercentage percentage nulOii Annual Origin Annual (Billion dollarsandpercentage) bv 07159. 42--Aoe3 4849. 43-- - 94.3 94.7 1438.4 Above30 - - 94.2 95.4 771.5 Above 30 15 8 69.0 68.5 1052.3 Above5 12 5 68.6 68.8 562.0 Above 5 etnto Origin Destination Table III.16 cnm Economy 17 9 100.0 100.0 1525.5 Region World 13 5 Economy 100.0 100.0 818.8 World Region Merchandise trade oftheUnitedStatesbyregion andeconomy, 2004 I . . . 43 I 4908102 43 24 43 1.0 46 0.8 3.2 14.9 23 2.3 23 13 48.3 3.6 9 14 3.2 20.8 5 16 54.2 20.3 7 27.4 317.5 CIS 29.4 26 36.6 31 14 417.7 Africa 37.8 -4 6.9 559.0 26 Middle East 0.6 6.2 0 0.4 21 105.2 1.6 Europe NorthAmerica 2 4.8 1.4 12 7 SouthandCentralAmerica 2.9 5 13.5 7 2.4 18 Asia 23.1 1 26.5 23.6 23.6 12 27.6 7.4 3 188.8 216.7 7.5 36.7 CIS 37.0 60.7 Africa 300.6 Middle East South andCentralAmerica Europe Asia North America usa eeain30030422 hl . . . 125 17 28 -1 90 15 0.4 0.4 25 0.4 0.1 0.3 14 -10 0.3 14 55 33 0.4 17 5.7 5.4 100 77 0.5 6.2 -1 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.5 6.9 0.2 87 0.2 7.8 0.5 29 7.9 -9 6.3 7.9 5 0.6 -8 VietNam -5 SouthAfrica 0.5 14 9 Chile 0.6 3 8 0.6 17 38 13 9.2 1.1 20 21 TrinidadandTabago 11 -7 14 1.0 Norway 27 1 1.0 10 0.8 2 Colombia 9.6 -1 0.4 12 1.0 0.8 3 0.4 9.8 -3 0.8 1.1 56 Algeria 0.4 16 16 Australia 12 0.3 0.8 0.6 0.4 9 76 0.9 14.8 1.0 12.1 -7 3 0.3 0.9 33 0.4 39 20 3.1 12.6 1.1 3.1 1.6 15 0.4 16.4 4 0.4 3.0 1.2 0.4 53 13 11.7 41 0.9 0.3 15.6 0.5 Hong Kong,China 1.4 0.4 0.4 1.5 Iraq 3.2 1.5 11 Philippines 17.1 3.3 3.4 0.6 0.4 1.2 18.6 20 6 1.2 16 RussianFederation 3 5 Switzerland -2 3.4 3.6 22.7 Russian Federation 22.5 1.9 -1 Israel 22 Honduras 0.6 10 14 0.5 2.1 10 22 0.5 Indonesia Egypt 9 India -1 -4 0.5 46 0.3 Singapore 13 -3 25 South Africa 29.1 0.7 0.6 20 14 3 68 2.4 0.6 34 4 4.5 Costa Rica 4.1 -12 Nigeria 8.7 0.5 29 -36 Thailand 4.3 -2 0.8 1.7 3.4 0.8 10 Turkey 10.3 12.0 3.1 22 SaudiArabia 7 0.6 6.1 0.8 1.6 Argentina 10.9 0 1.1 0.9 36.2 5.2 3.3 133.3 Brazil 13.8 0.7 Chile 11 24 157.8 1.0 6 1.1 6.4 26.3 8.5 United ArabEmirates 47.8 -10 9 1.1 14 4.8 Dominican Republic 9.2 7.1 1.3 Malaysia 210.5 1.7 12 6 0 1.3 BolivarianRep.ofVenezuela Colombia 1.4 9 2.0 18 Bolivarian Rep.ofVenezuela 9.3 17.0 1.7 Taipei,Chinese 17 2 10.9 Saudi Arabia 18.5 19.1 13.9 7 1.6 Korea,Republicof 24 India 18.6 Japan 2.4 259.7 Mexico -5 Thailand 14.3 9 1.9 290.9 2.3 22 Philippines 4 1.9 7 2.7 29 China Israel 19.6 1 3.1 15.8 3.2 Switzerland 4.2 14 EuropeanUnion(25) Malaysia 6.6 21.7 3.6 2.1 0 Brazil 8.3 12 Canada 26.3 34.7 Australia 13.5 5 54.4 14.3 Hong Kong,China 12 Singapore 5 23.1 110.8 Taipei, Chinese 22.6 21.1 Korea, Republicof 189.1 21.5 173.0 China Japan Mexico European Union(25) Canada au hr au Share Value Share Value 0420 0420 0420 0020 032004 2003 2004 2000 2004 2004 2003 2004 2000 2004 xot Imports Exports percentage change nulAnnual Annual percentage change 51 Trade by region 52 Trade by region AT 3 000 2 3 2 3 4 2 8 3 1 0 3 - 1 2 14 -4 1 3 100.0 13.6 - 3 44.4 22.6 1.3 0 2000-04 55.6 2.7 3 12.3 63.8 2 2000-04 9.2 19.8 - 40.3 - 2000-04 14.7 0.1 23.5 0.3 NAFTA (3) 31.7 - 9.1 2000-04 561.9 12.0 Mexico 322.4 40.7 14.4 19.7 2000 2000 239.5 Canada 8.2 - 2000 28.8 32.5 United States 83.2 2000 - 127.6 NAFTA (3) 127.5 31.9 0.2 Mexico 393.6 95.7 1990 Canada 32.3 282.3 -0.5 United States 111.3 1990 95.2 28.3 83.0 NAFTA (3) 1990 - Mexico 1990 Canada United States rgnSae aaaMxc AT 3 onre World countries NAFTA(3) Mexico Canada States Origin Annual percentagechange Share Value (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table III.17 Merchandise exportsofNAFTA countriesbydestination, 1990-04 etnto ntdAllother United Destination 03550465 14 3 6 14 14 20 6 8 4 16 14 14 3 23 14 23 0 13 - 15 11 6 13 - 5 45 14 -1 12 2 1 5 100.0 14.3 - 14 14 - 3 44.1 2004 23.9 2003 1.4 12 15 55.9 6 61.8 2004 3.5 12.9 2003 - 8.5 39.2 - 20.4 2004 - 2003 14.5 22.6 0.2 2004 1324.4 0.2 1162.9 32.9 2003 8.4 1106.2 - 584.0 511.2 1224.9 12.7 480.3 14.3 740.4 2004 543.4 651.7 20.2 189.1 625.9 165.4 - 2004 113.1 681.6 160.7 99.0 18.7 166.4 99.1 15.5 2004 191.9 113.1 14.7 172.3 -170.4 15.9 163.6 316.5 2004 -149.9 435.5 179.7 272.7 -146.0 380.4 252.4 -150.5 363.2 46.4 2.8 276.6 388.8 37.8 2.8 2004 30.8 2.8 2003 270.1 33.7 818.8 3.3 167.6 2002 235.0 724.8 147.0 2000 221.6 693.1 -2.3 143.2 518.9 243.0 781.9 -1.6 147.2 457.9 2004 -1.5 434.8 2003 299.9 -1.4 493.8 267.9 266.9 2002 233.4 258.3 2000 110.8 220.1 288.1 97.5 241.6 97.5 2004 -189.1 2003 111.7 -169.5 2002 -160.8 2000 -176.4 2004 2003 2002 2000 50355 Table III.18 Trade in commercial services of Canada, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Total commercial services 46.8 100.0 100.0 55.9 100.0 100.0 Transportation 9.1 19.2 19.5 12.1 21.5 21.7 Sea transport 2.4 4.0 5.1 4.9 8.0 8.8 Air transport 4.0 8.9 8.6 5.3 9.2 9.5 Other transport 2.7 6.3 5.8 1.9 4.2 3.4

Travel 12.7 27.4 27.2 15.9 28.5 28.4

Other commercial services 24.9 53.4 53.3 27.8 50.0 49.8 Communications services 1.8 3.5 3.8 1.7 3.2 3.0 Construction services 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 Insurance services 3.6 4.9 7.6 5.1 6.5 9.1 Financial services 1.2 2.2 2.5 1.9 3.5 3.4 Computer and information services 2.3 6.2 4.8 1.2 2.1 2.2 Royalties and license fees 2.6 5.8 5.5 5.2 8.6 9.2 Other business services 11.5 26.5 24.6 10.7 22.1 19.1 Personal, cultural, and recreational services 2.0 3.7 4.2 2.0 3.8 3.7 Trade by region Trade

Table III.19 Trade in commercial services of the United States, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Total commercial services 318.3 100.0 100.0 260.0 100.0 100.0 Transportation 56.0 18.1 17.6 77.5 31.4 29.8 Sea transport 5.8 1.7 1.8 31.5 9.9 12.1 Air transport 25.9 9.3 8.1 28.4 13.6 10.9 Other transport 24.3 7.1 7.6 17.5 7.9 6.7 Travel 95.5 35.2 30.0 67.8 32.1 26.1 Other commercial services 166.8 46.7 52.4 114.7 36.5 44.1 Communications services a 6.1 1.5 1.9 5.3 2.8 2.1 Construction services a 3.7 0.9 1.2 1.3 0.2 0.5 Insurance services a 5.3 1.3 1.7 30.0 5.4 11.5 Financial services a 19.5 5.6 6.1 4.9 2.2 1.9 Computer and information services a 5.4 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.0 0.6 Royalties and license fees 51.3 15.5 16.1 22.9 7.9 8.8 Other business services 67.7 17.6 21.3 48.3 16.9 18.6 Personal, cultural, and recreational services 7.7 2.3 2.4 0.4 0.1 0.1

a Excludes transactions between affiliates, which are recorded under "Other business services".

53 3. South and Central America

Table III.20 Table III.21 Merchandise trade of South and Central America by Merchandise trade of South and Central America, 2004 region and by major product group, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports Imports Value Share

Value 276 237 Exports Exports Imports Share in world merchandise trade 3.1 2.6 Total 276 100.0 100.0 Annual percentage change Value Region 1980-85 -2 -8 North America 93 33.7 29.5 1985-90 56 South and Central America 64 23.1 26.4 1990-95 716 1995-00 54 Europe 59 21.4 21.0 2000-04 94 CIS 3 1.3 2.6 2002 0 -13 Africa 7 2.5 2.8 2003 13 5 Middle East 5 1.9 1.5 2004 30 27 Asia 39 14.2 16.3 Volume 1980-85 3.5 -7.5 Product group 1985-90 3.5 3.0 Agricultural products 80 28.9 9.4 1990-95 6.0 13.5 Fuels and mining products 91 33.0 18.0 1995-00 5.5 5.5 2000-04 6.5 1.5 Manufactures 100 36.3 70.0 2002 2.0 -11.5 Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world 2003 6.0 1.5 merchandise trade by product and region. 2004 13.0 17.5 Trade by region Trade

Chart III.7 Chart III.8 Merchandise trade of South and Central America, Share of South and Central America in world 1994-04 merchandise trade, 1994-04 (Billion dollars) (Percentage based on value data)

300 4.5

250 Imports 4.0 Imports 200 3.5

150 Exports 3.0 Exports 100

2.5 50

0 2.0 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

54 Table III.22 Merchandise exports of South and Central America by product, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in exports of Share in Value South & Central America world exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandise exports 276.3 100.0 100.0 3.1 3.1 9 0 13 30 Agricultural products 79.9 27.1 28.9 9.5 10.2 11 1 18 20 Food 70.5 23.5 25.5 10.6 11.2 12 1 18 20 Fish 6.0 2.4 2.2 8.9 8.6 6 -5 15 10 Other food products 64.5 21.0 23.3 10.8 11.6 12 2 19 21 Raw materials 9.5 3.6 3.4 5.8 6.1 8 -2 15 22 Fuels and mining products 91.2 34.3 33.0 7.6 7.1 8 -4 14 41 Ores and other minerals 19.3 5.4 7.0 15.5 16.7 17 -1 20 64 Fuels 55.9 23.8 20.2 6.8 5.6 5 -6 14 29 Non-ferrous metals 16.0 5.1 5.8 7.8 9.3 13 1 8 66 Manufactures 100.2 36.8 36.3 1.5 1.5 9 -1 12 29 Iron and steel 12.3 3.4 4.4 4.6 4.6 17 20 17 43 Chemicals 16.5 5.7 6.0 1.9 1.7 10 0 14 28 Pharmaceuticals 1.8 0.7 0.6 1.2 0.7 8 -2 4 19 Other chemicals 14.7 5.0 5.3 2.1 2.0 11 0 16 29 Other semi-manufactures 14.9 5.2 5.4 2.3 2.4 10 1 12 26 Machinery and transport equipment 32.9 12.3 11.9 0.9 0.9 8 -7 12 36 Office and telecom equipment 4.0 2.2 1.4 0.4 0.3 -2 -1 10 4 EDP and office equipment 1.9 1.1 0.7 0.6 0.5 -3 -4 38 13 Telecommunications equipment 1.7 0.9 0.6 0.6 0.5 0 -1 -6 -3 Integrated circuits 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 1 12 1 -2 Transport equipment 18.6 6.8 6.7 1.6 1.5 9 -10 8 47

Automotive products 11.5 4.0 4.1 1.3 1.4 10 -6 16 31 by region Trade Other transport equipment 7.1 2.8 2.6 2.1 2.0 7 -16 -8 84 Other machinery 10.4 3.4 3.7 0.8 0.9 12 -6 20 34 Textiles 2.4 1.1 0.9 1.4 1.2 4 -9 17 18 Clothing 12.8 5.6 4.6 5.5 4.9 4 4 4 15 Other manufactures 8.5 3.5 3.1 1.2 1.1 6 -6 9 18 Personal and household goods 3.9 1.6 1.4 2.6 2.3 6 -6 9 21 Scientific and controlling instruments 1.4 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.8 8 2 11 7 Miscellaneous manufactures 3.1 1.4 1.1 0.9 0.8 5 -9 8 20

55 Table III.23 Merchandise exports of South and Central America by destination, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World 276.3 100.0 100.0 9 0 13 30

North America 93.2 38.6 33.7 6 3 5 27

Intra-South and Central America 63.9 26.1 23.1 6 -14 15 31

Europe 59.2 19.9 21.4 11 2 18 28 European Union (25) 54.8 18.4 19.8 11 1 18 29

Asia 39.1 9.8 14.2 20 10 32 37 China 14.0 1.8 5.1 41 19 73 38 Japan 8.3 3.4 3.0 6 -7 12 40 Other 16.8 4.5 6.1 18 15 19 36

Africa 7.0 1.4 2.5 26 12 21 44

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 3.5 0.6 1.3 31 4 23 23

Middle East 5.2 1.4 1.9 17 9 5 26 Inter-regional trade 207.2 71.8 75.0 10 4 13 30 Trade by region Trade

56 Table III.24 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in South and Central America, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

South and Central America 276.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 9 0 13 30 Brazil 96.5 22.0 29.6 28.4 34.9 15 4 21 32 Argentina 34.5 8.7 11.7 13.6 12.5 7 -3 15 17 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 34.2 21.0 16.5 16.4 12.4 2 2 -7 43 Chile 32.0 5.1 7.9 9.9 11.6 14 -1 18 49 Colombia 16.2 4.3 6.4 6.7 5.9 6 -3 6 28 Peru 12.5 4.3 3.0 3.6 4.5 16 10 16 40 Ecuador 7.6 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.8 12 8 20 26 Trinidad and Tobago 6.3 4.4 1.8 2.2 2.3 10 -9 33 23 Costa Rica 6.3 1.1 1.4 3.0 2.3 2 5 16 3 Dominican Republic 5.8 1.3 2.0 3.0 2.1 0 -2 6 5 El Salvador 3.3 1.1 0.5 1.5 1.2 3 5 4 5 Uruguay 3.0 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.1 6 -10 18 34 Guatemala 2.9 1.7 1.1 1.4 1.1 2 -9 12 18 Cuba 2.2 6.1 4.8 0.9 0.8 7 -16 18 33 Bolivia 2.1 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.8 15 1 21 35

Importers

South and Central America 237.3 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 4 -13 5 27 Brazil 65.9 24.6 26.2 28.5 27.8 3 -15 2 30 Chile 24.9 5.7 9.0 9.0 10.5 8 -2 13 28 Argentina 22.3 10.4 4.7 12.2 9.4 -3 -56 54 61 Colombia 16.7 4.7 6.5 5.6 7.1 10 -1 9 21 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 15.0 11.7 8.5 7.9 6.3 -2 -29 -29 62 Peru 10.1 2.5 3.1 3.6 4.3 8 2 12 20 Costa Rica 8.3 1.5 2.3 3.1 3.5 7 9 7 8

Ecuador 7.9 2.2 2.2 1.8 3.3 21 20 2 20 by region Trade Dominican Republic 7.8 1.9 3.5 4.6 3.3 -5 1 -14 3 Guatemala 7.8 1.6 1.9 2.3 3.3 13 8 7 20 El Salvador 6.3 1.0 1.5 2.4 2.6 6 3 11 9 Cuba 5.3 6.4 5.4 2.4 2.2 2 -14 11 14 Trinidad and Tobago 4.9 3.1 1.3 1.6 2.1 10 2 7 26 Honduras 3.9 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.7 8 1 10 20 Jamaica 3.8 1.1 2.2 1.6 1.6 3 5 3 4

Memorandum items: Andean Community (5) Exports 72.7 33.2 29.4 29.9 26.3 6 2 3 37 Imports 51.5 21.8 21.1 19.8 21.7 6 -9 -4 30

MERCOSUR (4) Exports 135.5 32.2 43.8 43.6 49.0 13 1 19 28 Imports 94.0 37.3 34.1 43.5 39.6 1 -26 10 37

57 Table III.25 Merchandise exports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Destination MERCOSUR (4) All other regions World

South and Origin Total Central America Other regions

Value

Argentina 1990 1833 10520 516 10004 12353 2000 8402 17939 3936 14003 26341 2003 5640 23926 5044 18882 29566 2004 6576 27877 4589 23288 34453

Brazil 1990 1320 30094 1893 28201 31414 2000 7762 47324 4402 42922 55086 2003 5672 67412 6418 60994 73084 2004 8908 87567 9819 77748 96475

Paraguay 1990 379 580 122 458 959 2000 553 316 120 196 869 2003 734 508 191 317 1242 2004 865 761 310 451 1626

Uruguay 1990 595 1098 27 1071 1693 2000 1024 1271 136 1135 2295 2003 673 1525 135 1390 2198 2004 764 2186 183 2003 2950

MERCOSUR (4) 1990 4127 42292 2558 39734 46419 2000 17741 66850 8594 58256 84591 2003 12719 93371 11788 81583 106090 2004 17113 118391 14901 103490 135504

Trade by region Trade Share

Argentina 2000 9.9 21.2 4.7 16.6 31.1 2004 4.9 20.6 3.4 17.2 25.4

Brazil 2000 9.2 55.9 5.2 50.7 65.1 2004 6.6 64.6 7.2 57.4 71.2

Paraguay 2000 0.7 0.4 0.1 0.2 1.0 2004 0.6 0.6 0.2 0.3 1.2

Uruguay 2000 1.2 1.5 0.2 1.3 2.7 2004 0.6 1.6 0.1 1.5 2.2

MERCOSUR (4) 2000 21.0 79.0 10.2 68.9 100.0 2004 12.6 87.4 11.0 76.4 100.0

Annual percentage change

Argentina 2000-04 -6 12 4 14 7 2003 -1 20 13 22 15 2004 17 17 -9 23 17

Brazil 2000-04 4 17 22 16 15 2003 71 18 10 19 21 2004 57 30 53 27 32

Paraguay 2000-04 12 25 27 23 17 2003 33 28 6 46 31 2004 18 50 62 42 31

Uruguay 2000-04 -7 15 8 15 6 2003 11 22 22 22 18 2004 14 43 36 44 34

MERCOSUR (4) 2000-04 -1 15 15 15 13 2003 25 19 11 20 19 2004 35 27 26 27 28

58 Table III.26 Merchandise imports of MERCOSUR countries by region, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Origin MERCOSUR (4) All other regions World

Destination Total South and Other regions Central America

Value

Argentina 1990 833 3243 399 2844 4076 2000 6881 18273 816 17457 25154 2003 5158 8676 422 8254 13834 2004 8169 14151 443 13708 22320

Brazil 1990 2441 20083 1349 18734 22524 2000 8182 50449 3513 46936 58631 2003 5988 44718 2403 42315 50706 2004 6741 59180 3577 55603 65921

Paraguay 1990 404 948 58 890 1352 2000 1132 1061 76 985 2193 2003 1172 693 41 652 1865 2004 1635 1017 51 966 2652

Uruguay 1990 560 783 87 696 1343 2000 1518 1948 237 1711 3466 2003 1042 1148 59 1089 2190 2004 1384 1730 76 1654 3114

MERCOSUR (4) 1990 4238 25057 1893 23164 29295 2000 17713 71731 4642 67089 89444 2003 13360 55235 2925 52310 68595 2004 17929 76078 4147 71931 94007

Share by region Trade

Argentina 2000 7.7 20.4 0.9 19.5 28.1 2004 8.7 15.1 0.5 14.6 23.7

Brazil 2000 9.1 56.4 3.9 52.5 65.6 2004 7.2 63.0 3.8 59.1 70.1

Paraguay 2000 1.3 1.2 0.1 1.1 2.5 2004 1.7 1.1 0.1 1.0 2.8

Uruguay 2000 1.7 2.2 0.3 1.9 3.9 2004 1.5 1.8 0.1 1.8 3.3

MERCOSUR (4) 2000 19.8 80.2 5.2 75.0 100.0 2004 19.1 80.9 4.4 76.5 100.0

Annual percentage change

Argentina 2000-04 4 -6 -14 -6 -3 2003 78 42 60 42 54 2004 58 63 5 66 61

Brazil 2000-04 -5 4043 200312122 2004 13 32 49 31 30

Paraguay 2000-04 10 -1 -9 0 5 2003 28 -8 -39 -5 12 2004 40 47 24 48 42

Uruguay 2000-04 -2 -3 -25 -1 -3 2003 10 13 -40 18 12 2004 33 51 29 52 42

MERCOSUR (4) 2000-04 0 1 -3 2 1 2003 25 7 4 7 10 2004 34 38 42 38 37

59 Table III.27 Merchandise exports of Andean Community countries by region, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Destination Andean Community (5) All other regions World

Origin Total South and Other regions Central America

Value Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 1990 489 17008 2098 14910 17497 2000 1588 30214 6241 23973 31802 2003 1048 22942 6537 16405 23990 2004 1240 32970 10062 22908 34210 Bolivia 1990 60 866 356 510 926 2000 311 919 326 593 1230 2003 426 1147 604 543 1573 2004 508 1621 922 699 2129 Colombia 1990 373 6393 761 5632 6766 2000 2171 10869 1468 9401 13040 2003 1905 10766 1501 9265 12671 2004 3237 12987 1940 11047 16224 Ecuador 1990 189 2525 576 1949 2714 2000 662 4265 813 3452 4927 2003 1055 4984 675 4309 6039 2004 1009 6625 1586 5039 7634 Peru 1990 214 3016 243 2773 3230 2000 447 6581 674 5907 7028 2003 549 8437 934 7503 8986 2004 795 11752 1390 10362 12547 Andean Community (5) 1990 1325 29808 4034 25774 31133 2000 5179 52848 9522 43326 58027 2003 4983 48276 10251 38025 53259 2004 6789 65955 15900 50055 72744

Share

Trade by region Trade Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 2000 2.7 52.1 10.8 41.3 54.8 2004 1.7 45.3 13.8 31.5 47.0 Bolivia 2000 0.5 1.6 0.6 1.0 2.1 2004 0.7 2.2 1.3 1.0 2.9 Colombia 2000 3.7 18.7 2.5 16.2 22.5 2004 4.4 17.9 2.7 15.2 22.3 Ecuador 2000 1.1 7.4 1.4 5.9 8.5 2004 1.4 9.1 2.2 6.9 10.5 Peru 2000 0.8 11.3 1.2 10.2 12.1 2004 1.1 16.2 1.9 14.2 17.2 Andean Community (5) 2000 8.9 91.1 16.4 74.7 100.0 2004 9.3 90.7 21.9 68.8 100.0

Annual percentage change Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 2000-04 -6 2 13 -1 2 2003 -27 -6 47 -18 -7 2004 18 44 54 40 43 Bolivia 2000-04 13 15 30 4 15 2003 9 26 49 8 21 2004 19 41 53 29 35 Colombia 2000-04 11 5 7 4 6 2003 -18 12 20 11 6 2004 70 21 29 19 28 Ecuador 2000-04 11 12 18 10 12 2003 31 18 21 17 20 2004 -4 33 135 17 26 Peru 2000-04 15 16 20 15 16 2003 11 17 42 14 16 2004 45 39 49 38 40 Andean Community (5) 2000-04 ... 6 14 4 6 2003 ... 4 40 -3 3 2004 ... 37 55 32 37

60 eu 19 1 193117 2634 17373 1861 1778 13926 5590 1493 341 687 2096 4502 249 2119 363 16022 614 1742 515 1351 294 6601 5116 119 1990 1990 657 5790 474 1990 30 598 Andean Community(5) 1990 Peru 1990 6388 Ecuador 213 Colombia 1990 Bolivia Bolivarian Rep.ofVenezuelaa eu20-41 258 7 21 5 5 10 0 20 12 12 10 -9 21 7 6 19 0 19.0 8 20 9.5 13 100.0 11 ... -2 12.3 29.5 4.7 -1 23 5.9 2000-04 72.1 4 2000-04 3.1 6 22.7 2.4 7 2000-04 a Importsarevaluedf.o.b. 1.4 14.1 15.4 2000-04 2.7 37.3 Andean Community(5) -1 1.8 2000-04 7.4 86.2 Peru 3.6 28.7 25.4 10 4.3 Ecuador 13.8 2.1 Colombia 2000 5.0 4.1 2000-04 0.4 Bolivia 2000 2000 33.8 Bolivarian Rep.ofVenezuelaa 2000 2000 Andean Community(5) 3.6 Peru Ecuador 2000 Colombia Bolivia Bolivarian Rep.ofVenezuelaa Share Value Annual percentagechange (Million dollarsandpercentage) Merchandise importsofAndeanCommunitycountriesbyregion, 1990-04 Table III.28 Destination rgnAda omnt 5 l te ein World Allotherregions AndeanCommunity(5) Origin 0484 30 6933551247 38829 39089 10101 8414 34395 7415 26775 28193 7861 6535 5939 3721 5194 8609 4802 6347 5497 4739 16746 3933 13892 1896 2317 11539 1691 1842 43004 1215 1630 33122 1830 33690 12826 1218 10828 8887 1120 7835 564 6885 8243 642 8358 6017 5707 686 14697 5399 955 2068 14584 5957 1535 1039 5053 2266 2881 1529 2004 992 6134 1398 10249 2003 775 2000 718 14894 11232 1904 12363 9926 1482 2004 840 2003 2435 1226 1634 2000 1461 1852 1961 1673 1529 2004 1613 2003 2000 12684 7360 208 169 2004 13193 157 2003 2000 2013 998 2004 1391 2003 2000 2004 2003 2000 04..3 62 32 -3 20 12 28 2 20 -3 14 11 9 21 36 20 3 -8 13 -8 12 4 18 9 76 30 9 -28 -4 -8 -6 -10 14 9 35 14 67 ... -28 18 ... 1 100.0 28 -9 19.7 48 20 28 15.3 10 99 2004 -34 67.1 28 2003 32.7 5 12 -9 11.6 3.6 2004 9.2 21 2003 5 72 16.8 28.7 -29 25.0 2004 23 3.7 2003 7 1.3 2.4 2004 2003 102 83.9 20.0 -22 4.0 15.3 2004 1.9 2003 11.6 2004 16.1 4.8 2003 29.1 4.4 3.2 3.7 2004 24.8 3.6 2004 0.4 2004 3.9 2004 2004 2004 oa ot n Otherregions Southand Total Central America 61 Trade by region 62 Trade by region ot n eta mrc 5. 0. 0. 1 14 4 -11 1 100.0 100.0 14 57.6 9 South andCentralAmerica -3 Importers 4 100.0 100.0 55.8 South andCentralAmerica Exporters a Secretariatestimates. (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Leading exporters andimporters ofcommercial servicesinSouthandCentral America, 2004 Table III.29 lSlao 11 1718 4714 4 1 7 -2 5 7 1 -7 0 4 2 1 3 -4 0 1.8 31 1.4 1.7 -15 2.0 1.3 2.2 ... -15 2.5 2.3 1.1 0.8 9 12 0 10 1.2 1.3 -3 5 15 ... 15 7.4 8 Netherlands Antilles 2 ... 9 -2 El Salvador Bahamas 1.1 7 7.8 13 11 -2 5 Dominican Republic 2.0 13 Guatemala 1.2 3 2 8 2.3 2.2 Costa Rica -4 -1 16 14 Panama 1.4 4 8 -2 1.7 4.3 -1 Jamaica 1.6 5 -3 2.4 2.2 1.4 Ecuador 1.7 3.2 2.8 ... 1 19 12 Peru 2.7 3 5 2.9 22 18 2 Colombia 3.8 3.9 2.0 14 Bolivarian Rep.ofVenezuela 4.6 6.6 12 3.4 2.5 6 1.3 Chile 6.4 -9 2.2 15 6 10 4 Argentina 6.4 6.5 11 4.1 8 Brazil 16.1 4.1 5.9 6 11.1 6.1 11.2 4 1.8 19 -44 2 6.6 5 27.9 -9 8.5 16.2 6.7 2.2 -15 Guatemala 1.1 5 11 4 -8 Aruba 1.2 1.9 28.5 8 13 11 Barbados a 3.7 Peru 1.7 1 4 2.2 9 0 3.4 Netherlands Antilles 1.5 0 2 11 Bahamas 2.1 7 3.1 2.1 Colombia 2.1 11 3.7 2 Jamaica 2.2 7 3.7 5 Costa Rica 22 3.2 -15 12 3.9 Panama 2.7 4.3 1 Dominican Republic 4 4.2 1 4.8 20 21 Cuba a 27 1 4.2 14 Argentina 4.9 2 Chile 5.9 8.7 4.2 Brazil 11.5 9 13 -29 8 10.5 9.9 20.5 1 6 1 8.5 19.0 10 6 au hr Annualpercentagechange Share Value 0420 0420-420 032004 2003 2002 2000-04 2004 2000 2004 4. Europe (Billion dollars) Chart III.9 Merchandise trade ofEurope, 1994-04 (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table III.30 Merchandise trade ofEurope, 2004 Volume Value Annual percentagechange Share inworldmerchandisetrade Value 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0 2 0 04 03 02 01 00 99 98 97 96 95 94 2000-04 1995-00 2000-04 1995-00 2004 2003 2002 2004 2003 2002 Imports xot Imports Exports 014140 4031 5344.8 45.3 Exports . 2.5 6.5 3.0 6.0 . 6.5 3.0 0.5 6.5 2.0 2.0 111 11 920 20 19 19 75 24 (Percentage basedonvaluedata) Chart III.10 Share ofEurope inworldmerchandise trade, 1994-04 oa 0144 0. 100.0 Product group 100.0 4140 4031 Region Total (Billion dollarsandpercentage) and bymajorproduct group, 2004 Merchandise trade ofEurope byregion Table III.31 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 auatrs33 148. 75.0 80.2 12.1 9.7 7.6 12.0 3104 3232 2.7 9.1 1.6 7.5 3.3 2.4 500 2.6 2.2 401 308 498 368 303 111 66 138 98 71.7 88 105 73.7 Manufactures 5.9 Fuels andminingproducts 1.8 9.1 2968 Agricultural products 2973 1.3 243 367 73 Asia Middle East 51 Africa CIS Intra-Europe South andCentralAmerica North America 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0 2 0 04 03 02 01 00 99 98 97 96 95 94 Exports Imports xot mot xot Imports Exports Exports Imports au Share Value 63 Trade by region 64 Trade by region auatrs33. 078. 534. 171 18 19 7 11 26 49.2 22 45.3 2 14 80.2 10 21 80.7 9 23.6 19 3231.7 11 23.6 19 7 7.5 47.0 7.8 44.3 11 9.1 302.9 45.3 9.3 42.0 367.7 100.0 100.0 Manufactures 4031.1 Fuels andminingproducts Agricultural products Total merchandiseexports (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Merchandise exportsofEurope byproduct, 2004 Table III.32 ul 0. . . 012. 032 24 27 23 15 3 15 44 -1 10 13 20 26 8 21 9 8 20.2 20.1 9 9 39.9 17 40.2 11 5.0 29.4 38.1 5.2 1.7 27.4 35.5 49.2 1.9 46.8 200.3 0.8 1.5 68.6 7.6 0.7 1.6 7.7 34.0 59.5 308.3 Non-ferrous metals Fuels Ores andotherminerals Raw materials Food ltig9. . . 273. 082 11 11 20 16 14 8 19 3 8 10 7 11 37.1 41.4 32.7 48.9 40.3 45.8 2.4 2.0 2.5 9.3 2.4 17 9.4 19 95.8 42 18 80.7 18 21 375.8 26 8 18 15 7 10 4 15 16 10 54.7 61.4 52.4 49.3 58.5 46.1 50.1 42.1 8.6 14.9 8.9 3.3 13.0 39.8 Other manufactures 2.7 41.9 Clothing 599.1 346.6 Textiles 131.1 1602.7 Machinery andtransportequipment Other semi-manufactures Chemicals Iron andsteel ih2. . . 133. 413 14 13 7 22 9 9 11 33.7 31.3 51.1 0.6 49.0 0.6 7.1 7.0 23.5 284.8 Other foodproducts Fish iclaeu auatrs28553524. 031 816 18 12 19 9 19 18 22 11 6 19 8 10 4 13 19 50.3 46.0 11 21 51.1 43.9 9 49.4 5.2 41.8 52.8 13 14 5.3 19 48.2 2.1 2.1 20 8 20 2.2 1.9 14.9 56.3 208.5 24 8 -3 15.2 50.2 32 84.5 11 3 82.7 25 599.3 16.8 15.8 54.8 28.6 81.0 54.6 29.8 679.0 75.4 Miscellaneous manufactures 9.9 8.0 Scientific andcontrollinginstruments 5.0 9.9 Personal andhouseholdgoods 10.9 3.1 399.2 324.4 199.9 Other machinery Transport equipment Office andtelecomequipment Other chemicals Pharmaceuticals te rnpr qimn 9. . . 112. 201 22 17 17 19 22 -3 0 12 -3 17 11 12 14 1 8 14 -4 23.3 -2 40.0 18.5 31.1 29.8 3 4 19.4 4.9 12.0 1.5 31.2 34.5 4.8 11.0 2.3 31.1 39.4 481.9 197.1 3.2 3.3 61.1 4.4 4.3 131.0 132.3 Other transportequipment Automotive products Integrated circuits Telecommunications equipment EDP andofficeequipment 20 0020 0020 000 0220 2004 2003 2002 2000-04 2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 au fErp ol xot Annualpercentagechange worldexports ofEurope Value hr neprsSharein Share inexports giutrlpout 0. . . 534. 082 13 22 75.0 75.9 8 20 10 3104.3 20 5 48.0 12.0 11 45.3 12.0 9.7 497.7 44.8 9.7 42.5 Manufactures 100.0 401.5 100.0 4139.9 Fuels andminingproducts Agricultural products Total merchandiseimports (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Merchandise importsofEurope byproduct, 2004 Table III.33 ul 6. . . 333. 112 25 29 27 16 1 12 37 -6 11 13 20 23 7 23 4 2 34.7 9 33.3 6 45.8 13 46.9 12 8.7 43.0 43.6 8.5 1.9 46.2 44.9 49.0 2.2 45.4 361.9 1.3 1.8 80.0 7.9 1.3 2.1 7.6 55.9 72.9 328.6 Non-ferrous metals Fuels Ores andotherminerals Raw materials Food ltig10632324. 831 914 11 15 19 15 20 7 4 6 10 7 10 48.3 39.1 42.7 46.7 38.0 44.8 3.2 1.9 9.1 3.2 2.2 17 20 9.2 45 18 18 130.6 22 80.7 30 6 18 376.9 14 5 3 10 15 17 9 47.9 51.9 46.8 44.8 49.2 43.6 44.2 41.3 7.8 Other manufactures 12.6 Clothing 8.0 3.1 10.7 37.3 Textiles 2.5 40.1 521.4 322.6 1545.1 127.0 Machinery andtransportequipment Other semi-manufactures Chemicals Iron andsteel ih3. . . 804. 910 19 13 4 23 9 10 12 41.1 38.0 50.0 0.7 46.4 0.8 7.2 6.9 30.4 298.1 Other foodproducts Fish iclaeu auatrs29352514. 801 914 19 16 16 7 22 17 20 10 8 19 3 2 12 10 18 48.0 9 45.1 25 52.5 38.3 8 47.7 41.1 5.1 42.7 12 20 19 5.2 41.7 2.3 19 1.8 22 10 2.2 1.8 51.0 23 12.0 209.3 7 -2 46.4 12.9 36 11 94.3 4 73.4 26 15.1 498.4 14.2 47.3 36.6 66.0 47.1 Miscellaneous manufactures 36.7 625.3 Scientific andcontrollinginstruments 58.7 Personal andhouseholdgoods 8.6 10.2 4.0 8.4 13.1 2.3 Other machinery 421.4 357.3 164.1 Transport equipment Office andtelecomequipment Other chemicals Pharmaceuticals te rnpr qimn 9. . . 975. 122 19 24 2 11 53.7 49.7 4.7 4.6 196.5 Other transportequipment nertdcrut 2728182. 19- 4- 16 -4 -4 16 24 -2 14 12 -2 -1 21.9 4 6 25.0 1.8 44.3 40.8 42.1 42.3 2.8 4.6 3.8 72.7 5.8 4.5 189.7 159.0 Integrated circuits Telecommunications equipment EDP andofficeequipment uooiepout 2. . 044. 991 12 17 25 11 13 49.9 44.9 10.4 9.5 428.7 Automotive products 20 0020 0020 000 0220 2004 2003 2002 2000-04 2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 au fErp ol mot Annualpercentagechange worldimports ofEurope Value hr niprsSharein Share inimports 43.3 36.3 571 918 19 6 27 10 25 0 45.7 11 36.9 65 Trade by region Table III.34 Merchandise exports of Europe by destination, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World 4031.1 100.0 100.0 11 7 19 19 Intra-Europe 2972.5 73.2 73.7 11 7 21 19 European Union (25) 2717.7 67.4 67.4 11 7 20 18 Other Europe 254.9 5.9 6.3 13 9 24 25

North America 367.1 10.5 9.1 7 6 10 14 United States 313.7 9.0 7.8 7 7 10 14 Other North America 53.4 1.5 1.3 8 5 11 15

Asia 307.9 7.6 7.6 11 7 19 22 China 62.7 0.9 1.6 26 21 41 29 Japan 58.6 1.7 1.5 6 2 13 16 Six East Asian traders 96.8 3.1 2.4 5 2 12 6 Australia and New Zealand 29.7 0.7 0.7 14 13 25 25 Other Asia 60.1 1.2 1.5 18 9 21 57

Middle East 104.6 2.3 2.6 15 8 22 24

Africa 97.7 2.4 2.4 11 4 20 19 South Africa 20.1 0.4 0.5 16 4 31 29 Other Africa 77.6 2.0 1.9 10 4 18 17

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 88.2 1.3 2.2 28 14 31 36 Russian Federation 59.9 0.8 1.5 29 16 29 36 Other CIS 28.3 0.4 0.7 25 11 35 37

South and Central America 50.8 1.7 1.3 3 -8 2 20

Trade by region Trade Brazil 18.7 0.6 0.5 4 -10 -4 25 Other South and Central America 32.2 1.1 0.8 2 -8 6 17 Inter-regional trade 1016.4 25.7 25.2 11 6 16 20

66 Table III.35 Merchandise imports of Europe by origin, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World 4139.9 100.0 100.0 11 5 20 20 Intra-Europe 2968.4 69.2 71.7 12 7 21 19 European Union (25) 2735.4 64.1 66.1 11 7 21 19 Other Europe 232.9 5.1 5.6 13 8 23 24

Asia 499.8 11.9 12.1 11 6 25 23 China 169.9 2.6 4.1 24 18 41 34 Japan 99.6 3.3 2.4 2 -4 18 14 Six East Asian traders 121.1 4.4 2.9 0 0 23 -8 Australia and New Zealand 14.9 0.4 0.4 7 1 19 8 Other Asia 94.4 1.2 2.3 29 27 13 101

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 138.1 2.7 3.3 17 6 29 38 Russian Federation 106.2 2.2 2.6 15 2 31 35 Other CIS 31.8 0.5 0.8 23 21 22 52

North America 242.9 8.3 5.9 1 -5 5 12 United States 210.3 7.3 5.1 1 -5 4 11 Other North America 32.6 1.0 0.8 5 -8 18 15

Africa 111.1 2.8 2.7 9 -3 23 17 South Africa 21.4 0.5 0.5 11 -1 19 20 Other Africa 89.7 2.3 2.2 8 -3 24 16

South and Central America 72.7 1.7 1.8 12 8 19 24 Brazil 28.5 0.7 0.7 12 -1 25 24

Other South and Central America 44.1 1.0 1.1 12 14 16 24 by region Trade

Middle East 66.2 1.9 1.6 6 -4 19 30 Inter-regional trade 1130.8 29.2 27.3 9 1 19 22

67 Table III.36 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Europe, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage)

Annual percentage change

Value Share Value

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

Europe 4031.1 100.0 100.0 11 7 19 19.2 Germany 912.3 21.0 22.6 13 8 22 21.4 France 448.7 12.4 11.1 8 3 18 14.5 Netherlands 358.2 8.9 8.9 11 6 21 21.0 Italy 349.2 9.1 8.7 10 4 18 16.6 United Kingdom 346.9 10.8 8.6 5 3 9 13.5 Belgium 306.5 7.2 7.6 13 14 18 20.0 Spain 178.6 4.4 4.4 12 8 24 14.4 Sweden 122.5 3.3 3.0 9 8 25 20.0 Switzerland 118.5 3.1 2.9 10 7 15 17.7 Austria 117.4 2.6 2.9 15 11 23 20.9 Ireland 104.3 2.9 2.6 8 7 5 12.4 Norway 81.8 2.3 2.0 8 1 13 21.2 Denmark 76.8 1.9 1.9 11 11 16 15.5 Poland 74.9 1.2 1.9 24 14 31 39.2 Czech Republic 68.7 1.1 1.7 24 16 27 41.0

Importers

Europe 4139.9 100.0 100.0 11 5 20 19.7 Germany 716.9 17.9 17.3 10 1 23 18.6 Trade by region Trade France 465.5 12.2 11.2 8 0 21 16.7 United Kingdom 463.5 12.4 11.2 8 4 13 18.2 Italy 351.0 8.6 8.5 10 5 20 18.0 Netherlands 319.3 7.9 7.7 10 5 21 20.6 Belgium 285.5 6.4 6.9 13 11 18 21.6 Spain 249.3 5.6 6.0 12 7 26 19.5 Austria 117.8 2.6 2.8 13 5 27 18.3 Switzerland 111.6 3.0 2.7 8 -1 15 15.7 Sweden 99.3 2.6 2.4 8 6 25 18.9 Turkey 97.5 2.0 2.4 16 25 35 40.7 Poland 89.2 1.8 2.2 16 10 23 30.6 Czech Republic 69.5 1.2 1.7 21 12 27 34.4 Denmark 68.2 1.6 1.6 11 11 14 18.7 Ireland 60.7 1.8 1.5 4 4 3 12.6

Memorandum items:

European Union (25) Total exports 3714.2 92.6 92.1 11 7 19 18.9 Extra-EU(25) exports 1203.8 30.1 29.9 11 6 17 20.5 Total imports 3791.0 92.3 91.6 10 5 20 19 Extra-EU (25) imports 1280.5 33.2 30.9 9 1 19 20

68 for thisunder-recording,intra-EUexportshave beenusedtoobtaintotal(World)imports. a Thefiguresareaffectedbythe"INTRASTAT" systemofrecordingbetweenEUmemberStates.Intra-EUimportsareunderrecorde bv 031. 479. bv 039. 419. - - 94.7 94.1 3590.0 Above30 - - 94.8 94.7 3519.5 Above 30 19 20 80.3 79.3 3043.0 Above5 18 20 81.0 80.9 3007.6 Above 5 etnto nulpretg rgnAnnualpercentage Origin Annualpercentage Destination cnme Economies 19 20 100.0 100.0 3791.0 Region World 19 Economies 19 100.0 100.0 3714.2 World Region (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table III.37 Merchandise trade oftheEuropean Union(25)byregion andeconomy, 2004 gp . . . 33 uii . . . 119 21 15 19 0.2 38 60 0.2 0.2 15 22 0.3 8.4 22 0.2 0.2 6 8.5 0.2 0.2 6 30 0.3 8.9 47 20 8.9 14 0.4 0.3 0.3 9 20 10.6 0.3 0.3 13 0.4 Tunisia 10.2 10.7 11 0.3 0.5 19 26 Mexico 17 0.4 32 18 31 14.7 36 Ukraine 13 0.3 15 0.4 12.8 0.5 38 10 Chile 16 13 0.4 0.2 0.5 Iran,IslamicRep.of 36 19 17 0.3 18 0.4 0.3 0.3 Israel 19 25 14 12.3 28 15.9 0.5 0.5 30 0.5 17.5 25 Australia 0.3 23 9.1 0.5 0.3 13 15 0.6 21 0.5 16.9 0.3 0.5 0.6 9.4 16 0.3 29 30 0.3 Algeria 19.6 19.4 0.3 Indonesia 0.5 24 36 0.5 20.0 10.8 0.3 0.2 HongKong,China 26 25 21 10.9 0.7 0.3 16 32 20.2 0.2 LibyanArabJamahiriya 2 24 11.7 7 31 0.7 26 15 31 0.2 Thailand 29 20.1 14 Romania 12.1 0.6 45 24 26 0.7 27 0.8 1.0 0.4 15 12.9 0.6 0.4 -6 28 Egypt 0.4 1.6 12 15 SouthAfrica 1.0 0.7 0.6 26.2 1.0 Tunisia 0.5 10 Malaysia Arabia Saudi 12 21.2 0.2 0.5 1.6 1.0 2.0 13 Malaysia 29.4 38.4 15.6 29 0.4 15.5 0.6 0.5 24 Morocco 18 14.5 29 61.1 2.2 31 37.6 0.5 India 15 Algeria 0.5 29 17.3 33 2.4 77.6 0.5 Canada Croatia 15.7 0.5 41 0.6 18.0 3.3 34 0.4 Ukraine 33 0.6 20 0.5 35 4.2 Taipei,Chinese Iran, IslamicRep.of 91.7 10 31 Singapore Brazil 19.5 11 Korea,Republicof 2.7 Saudi Arabia 19.8 0.6 4 20.8 2.3 Turkey 25 Israel 0.6 25 16 0.4 Norway 157.8 12 1.9 5.1 24 15 Taipei, Chinese 35 0.6 Switzerland 9 23 13 22.3 7.3 Brazil 23 0.7 42 88.1 18 0.6 21.8 36 0.6 0.7 Mexico 16 38 24 0.6 2.7 195.0 31 0.5 28 1.0 South Africa 13 0.8 0.8 19 19 18 2.9 1.2 11 Japan Singapore 24.4 1.0 3.0 23.0 20 1.4 23.7 27.0 1.8 5 1.1 1.6 India 103.1 2.3 RussianFederation 37.6 1.7 29 66.2 18 1.7 China Korea, Republicof 1.9 5.9 46.4 64.1 41 19 25 112.4 Romania 52.6 36 67.5 UnitedStates 8.3 59.4 16 21 United ArabEmirates 2510.4 1.6 11.9 29 18 Hong Kong,China 224.9 12.1 71.8 1.0 14 1.5 andCentralAmerica South Australia 69.3 2.5 10 451.0 EuropeanUnion(25)a 59.2 0.8 Canada 2.7 2723.5 Africa 7.8 36 Norway 56.2 18 31 93.2 8.9 Turkey MiddleEast 18 20 NorthAmerica CIS Japan 2.2 21 288.5 67.6 20 1.2 19 22 2.5 67.5 3 Russian Federation 20 21 80.8 2.5 2510.4 Asia Europe China 1.3 7.4 2.5 Switzerland 91.9 1.8 14 19 7.5 2.2 United States 10 21 European Union(25) 47.3 274.1 92.0 9.0 74.0 73.5 10.3 South andCentralAmerica 2747.5 335.5 CIS Africa Middle East Asia North America Europe au hr hneVleSaechange Share Value change Share Value 0420 0420 0420 0020 032004 2003 2004 2000 2004 2004 2003 2004 2000 2004 xot Imports Exports d. Tocompensate 69 Trade by region 70 Trade by region Memorandum items: uoe12. Europe 1025.0 Importers 15 100.0 100.0 19 8 11 Europe 1125.8 Exporters 17 100.0 100.0 19 9 12 (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Leading exporters andimporters ofcommercial servicesinEurope, 2004 Table III.38 uebug 23 . --2 35 25 14 14 - 13 20 - 9 - 2.2 9 - - 22.3 4.7 13.3 - 34 European Union(25) 48.3 14.3 24 Greece 13.4 Switzerland 21.1 Luxembourg - 136.1 14 18 Norway 24.0 Sweden 33.0 10 Denmark 33.4 25 19 13 - 2.1 Austria 47.1 1.3 Belgium 2.9 12 Spain 53.7 4 - 11 21 2.3 1.6 2.3 15 Ireland 58.4 - 3.2 18 Netherlands 72.4 5 3.3 Italy 80.6 33.1 -8 10 18 2.1 20 14 - 4.6 France 96.4 3.5 16 United Kingdom 4.4 11 8 3.1 Germany 193.0 5.2 5 12 18 4 18 4.4 7.1 12 5.7 15.3 10 - 15 49.3 4.6 14 23 7.9 7.4 11 4.6 10 25 9 18 9.4 16.3 Norway 25.9 13 12 8 Luxembourg 18.8 Greece 33.2 10 8.1 12 20 19 8.9 20 19 Denmark 36.3 171.8 Switzerland 36.8 20.2 10 15 Sweden 37.8 21 9 17 10 2.3 2 Ireland 46.9 Austria 48.3 11 37 15 Belgium 2.9 16 13 3.2 10 2.4 3.3 Netherlands 73.0 9 Italy 82.0 25 14 20 19 2.7 3.4 Spain 84.5 6 3.3 3.8 24 France 109.5 4.2 16 14 4.3 Germany 133.9 28 11 4 6 2.8 6.5 United Kingdom 11 2.5 33 16 22 4.3 9 7 7.3 6.7 15 11 17 12 11 7.5 22 15 9.7 9 6 11.9 17 7.8 18 15 7.4 23 26 11.1 20 11.0 11 12 4 4 7 15 10 8 12 14 mot 5. 9. 31 1 915 17 19 19 8 9 11 93.1 12 90.3 93.1 954.0 89.5 1016.5 Imports Exports au hr Annualpercentagechange Share Value 0420 0420-420 032004 2003 2002 2000-04 2004 2000 2004 rvl4. 3. 722. 9929.6 43.2 29.9 40.1 28.5 41.6 27.2 30.0 100.0 37.2 39.4 100.0 38.6 40.7 38.3 26.2 96.4 43.2 23.4 100.0 23.1 25.6 100.0 109.5 Other commercialservices Travel Transportation Total commercialservices te omrilsrie 30 5. 468. 2341.8 42.3 37.3 38.9 71.9 80.7 100.0 20.6 20.9 54.6 100.0 23.4 27.6 18.8 51.6 40.4 193.0 73.0 24.8 100.0 25.1 33.2 100.0 133.9 Other commercialservices Travel Transportation Total commercialservices (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table III.40 Trade incommercial servicesofGermany, 2004 (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Trade incommercial servicesofFrance, 2004 Table III.39 oate n ies es51 294631343.2 27.2 2.6 2.3 2.7 25.8 3.4 2.4 1.5 1.8 -0.5 3.3 2.0 1.2 2.5 26.2 6.5 3.1 2.5 1.9 8.8 2.2 2.6 11.9 7.7 1.4 1.7 23.0 4.6 8.0 1.3 14.3 1.9 1.4 24.1 2.1 6.3 2.9 1.6 1.4 2.9 11.5 8.5 1.6 2.0 2.8 25.2 1.0 3.6 6.7 5.1 1.4 10.2 1.6 1.5 6.4 2.3 6.9 1.5 3.2 11.4 4.7 3.0 7.4 11.2 7.0 Personal, cultural,andrecreationalservices Other businessservices Royalties andlicensefees Computer andinformationservices Financial services Insurance services Construction services Communications services Other transport Air transport Sea transport oate n ies es51 373858 423.0 23.1 1.8 2.8 1.5 23.7 4.2 1.5 4.1 3.0 0.7 2.6 2.4 3.7 3.6 44.6 5.8 9.1 3.5 5.5 2.3 5.5 3.0 7.6 8.0 5.8 29.9 4.9 3.8 4.1 4.7 2.7 30.4 0.7 3.7 17.6 4.4 5.9 5.1 10.6 0.7 0.5 2.4 40.0 4.8 5.3 4.2 5.1 5.5 9.5 1.8 3.6 0.9 4.7 6.3 7.9 6.8 10.5 3.2 6.2 12.2 5.6 12.7 Personal, cultural,andrecreationalservices 11.1 Other businessservices Royalties andlicensefees 9.9 Computer andinformationservices 14.9 Financial services Insurance services Construction services Communications services Other transport Air transport Sea transport au hr au Share Value Share Value au hr au Share Value Share Value 0420 0420 002004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004 0420 0420 002004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004 xot Imports Exports xot Imports Exports 71 Trade by region 72 Trade by region te omrilsrie 31 3. 044. 7250.6 47.2 25.4 28.7 20.5 40.8 43.4 100.0 40.4 24.0 100.0 49.1 35.6 34.3 24.1 19.4 80.6 33.1 16.1 100.0 16.6 13.2 100.0 82.0 Other commercialservices Travel Transportation Total commercialservices (Billion dollarsandpercentage) rvl2. 1. 595. 9741.0 34.8 39.7 35.2 55.8 24.2 47.3 25.1 15.9 100.0 68.4 18.5 100.0 32.9 27.3 65.3 136.1 15.7 117.5 16.2 100.0 27.1 100.0 171.8 Other commercialservices Travel Transportation Total commercialservices Table III.41 Trade incommercial servicesofItaly, 2004 (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Trade incommercial servicesoftheUnitedKingdom, 2004 Table III.42 te uiessrie 08 2. 962. 7316.1 6.8 4.7 0.8 1.2 17.3 6.9 2.4 0.2 4.3 1.2 1.1 2.5 1.3 0.1 21.9 2.5 9.3 2.9 6.4 13.7 1.1 1.6 8.1 2.0 3.3 0.2 29.6 15.5 6.7 7.6 3.4 16.2 28.4 1.4 6.5 3.4 6.9 5.5 0.3 18.6 17.2 1.7 4.9 11.0 2.3 50.8 3.7 0.2 1.4 11.5 27.9 7.7 2.4 2.4 11.1 6.6 1.1 9.4 0.5 9.5 5.6 3.9 2.5 13.2 11.4 Personal, cultural,andrecreationalservices Other businessservices Royalties andlicensefees Computer andinformationservices Financial services Insurance services Construction services Communications services 2.2 33.6 1.6 Other transport 3.0 1.9 Air transport 32.6 2.2 1.0 Sea transport 1.5 3.4 2.0 2.1 3.4 1.7 ... 2.1 27.1 ... 1.7 1.3 ... 3.5 2.4 1.5 5.7 8.0 1.2 2.7 29.7 0.9 1.1 10.4 2.8 2.1 24.6 0.9 ...... 1.0 0.8 0.7 2.5 ... 1.5 1.0 24.4 2.4 0.8 2.4 0.8 ... 0.9 ... 1.7 2.3 ... 0.7 3.8 0.6 2.0 5.2 7.6 2.0 ...... Personal, cultural,andrecreationalservices Other businessservices Royalties andlicensefees Computer andinformationservices Financial services Insurance services Construction services Communications services Other transport Air transport Sea transport au hr au Share Value Share Value au hr au Share Value Share Value 0420 0420 002004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004 0420 0420 002004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004 xot Imports Exports xot Imports Exports . CommonwealthofIndependentStates(CIS) 5. (Billion dollars) Chart III.11 States (CIS), 1994-04 Merchandise trade ofCommonwealth ofIndependent au 6 172 266 Volume 1.9 3.0 Value Annual percentagechange Share inworldmerchandisetrade Value (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Merchandise trade oftheCIS, 2004 Table III.43 100 150 200 250 300 50 0 000 . 15.0 0.0 9.5 3.0 21 -3 16 5 2000-04 1995-00 2000-04 1995-00 041. 15.0 13.0 8.0 13.0 13.0 8.5 30 27 10 37 27 6 2004 2003 2002 2004 2003 2002 Exports 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0 2 0 04 03 02 01 00 99 98 97 96 95 94 xot Imports Exports Imports 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 (Percentage basedonvaluedata) Chart III.12 in worldmerchandise trade, 1994-04 Share ofCommonwealthIndependentStates(CIS) merchandise tradebyproductandregion. Note (Billion dollarsandpercentage) product group, 2004 Merchandise trade oftheCIS, byregion andbymajor Table III.44 oa 6 0. 100.0 100.0 Product group 266 Region Total auatrs8 3173.7 33.1 14.1 13.7 88 12.1 13.3 0.4 9.0 0.7 53.5 30.7 1.5 35 3.7 20.7 24 142 49.2 4 10 48.5 55 3.0 129 Manufactures 1.9 6.8 Fuels andminingproducts Agricultural products 2.4 18 6 Asia Middle East Africa CIS Europe South andCentralAmerica North America : ImportsharesarederivedfromtheSecretariat'snetworkofworld 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0 2 0 04 03 02 01 00 99 98 97 96 95 94 Exports Imports xot xot Imports Exports au Share Value 73 Trade by region 74 Trade by region ol 2. 0. 0. 32 26 25 13 1 39 33 100.0 2 100.0 8 23.9 35 World Agricultural products 27 100.0 100.0 2 87.9 -5 37 World Manufactures 27 100.0 100.0 6 -1 142.2 World Fuels andminingproducts 100.0 100.0 265.7 World Total merchandise (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table III.45 Merchandise exportsoftheCISbymajorproduct group andmaindestination, 2004 xotr 04Exporters 2004 2004 2000 2004 2003 2002 2001 Commonwealth ofInde Commonwealth ofInde Euro Euro ot mrc . . . 21 4 1292 37 14 2 -73 -28 40 140 18 138 41 -69 10 -2 15 45 44 56 62 58 30 0.8 15 2.1 28 23 3.1 -8 6 0.5 4.2 3.1 2 17 1.6 -9 -6 2.2 18 0.2 13 24 0.5 -9 0.7 South andCentralAmerica 1.8 1.0 22 North America 2.7 Africa 5.6 Middle East 2.4 6.7 2.9 5.4 18.0 8.3 1.6 17.7 2.3 4.9 South andCentralAmerica 5.9 Africa 15.8 Middle East North America Asia Commonwealth ofInde Commonwealth ofInde sa 63 2. 65 - 21 36 13 12 -1 26.5 289 50 27.9 40 4 45 42 62 -1 6.3 -20 50 46 Euro -12 -14 Asia 86 42 13 8 101 36 -22 37 10 -23 48 -15 0.6 11 32 24 2.0 25 3.1 37 0.2 8.2 -12 25 0.8 7 8.5 Euro 5.6 8 6 7.2 -20 13 0.9 7.4 37 2.9 -17 4.5 Africa 1.5 2 11.7 Middle East 2.4 12.1 South andCentralAmerica 3.7 1.3 North America 6.8 Asia 4.1 2.7 13.3 7.0 4.0 12.7 6.3 9.8 Africa 18.2 South andCentralAmerica 35.4 Middle East North America Asia p p p p . 432. 71 412 14 13 -7 42 30 25.7 34.3 3 4 6.2 29 e 24 31.3 32.5 4 -5 27.5 34 e 24 61.5 8 64.3 -4 87.4 e 48.5 51.5 128.9 e p p p p netSae CS . 763. 932 49 3 6 41 43 33.1 0 27.6 38 6 7.9 8 endent States(CIS) 31.7 0 30.2 4 38 27.8 30 endent States(CIS) 13.4 0 14.2 5 19.0 endent States(CIS) 20.7 20.0 55.0 endent States(CIS) au hr Annualpercentagechange Share Value omnelho needn tts(I) 7. 0. 0. 02 30 27 10 100.0 100.0 171.9 37 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) Importers 27 6 100.0 100.0 265.7 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) Exporters (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table III.46 Leading merchandise exporters andimporters intheCIS, 2004 aahtn 1. . . 852 41 26 28 27 27 36 2 25 10 8 13 7.4 9.5 6.2 16.9 7 56.0 10.6 34 17.1 38 54.8 27 12.8 55 27 16.3 Azerbai 24 29.0 42 Kazakhstan 6 96.3 35 34 Belarus -7 Ukraine 8 29 Russian Federation 27 12 1.5 10 1.6 5 5.2 1.7 7.6 1.9 12.3 5.0 6.0 69.0 3.9 10.0 4.3 Azerbai 72.4 13.8 Turkmenistan 20.1 Uzbekistan 32.7 Belarus Kazakhstan 183.5 Ukraine Russian Federation rei 13 1108 1 84 28 13 0.8 1.1 1.3 K Armenia K odv 18 1010 1 527 35 16 1.0 1.0 1.8 Ta Moldova ukeitn . . . 61 32 27 18 10 -6 -14 1.9 2.0 2.2 3.3 25 3.3 3.4 23 Geor Turkmenistan Uzbekistan 13 0.4 0.3 1.0 Ta Moldova rei 07 0203 4 44 34 48 0.3 0.2 0.7 Geor Armenia y y r j r j ksa . . . 256 22 5 0.8 0.8 1.4 15 ikistan 8 14 0.3 0.5 0.9 ikistan gy gy g g z Re z Re a 18 0811 1 462 44 17 1.1 40 0.8 34 1.8 8 ia 0.2 0.2 0.6 ia j j n 35 1420 1 834 58 16 2.0 1.4 39 3.5 20 an -6 1.4 1.2 3.6 an p p bi . . . 62 31 22 26 0.5 0.7 0.9 24 ublic 20 2 0.3 0.3 0.7 ublic au hr Annualpercentagechange Share Value 04 0020 20 032004 2003 2002 2004 2000 2004 75 Trade by region 76 Trade by region b Secretariatestimates. a Importsarevaluedf.o.b. I 678506209 077. I 793574121 4865.2 34.8 112119 59794 171913 CIS 79.3 20.7 210692 55016 265708 CIS (Million dollarsandpercentage) Table III.47 Intra- andinter-regional merchandise trade oftheCIS, 2004 aiitn9519761. 26Tjksa 3598476. 30.3 48.7 58.6 69.7 51.3 41.4 56.7 63.6 417 14122 1987 43.3 36.4 14874 1405 958 1006 2110 64.4 28996 3392 35.6 38.2 1375 768 1210 61.8 1189 52.1 3320 1774 27.8 359 77.1 47.9 72.2 658 22.9 65.9 582 34.1 79.3 6663 Uzbekistanb 4540 Ukraine 1847 1017 20.7 Tajikistan 6118 2316 941 11806 301 Turkmenistan 76394 70.8 73.8 16346 12781 1200 29.2 Moldova 19913 26.2 82.6 1318 3516 58.3 17.4 96307 3030 24113 41.7 49.0 KyrgyzRepublic 756 Georgia 1250 8559 51.0 2255 RussianFederationa Kazakhstan 4280 32672 159 483 61.6 Belarus 1615 49.3 38.4 83.5 50.7 Armenia Azerbaijan 915 3870 503 79.6 16.5 20.4 46.9 443 320 53.1 986 153249 83.5 83.0 Uzbekistan b 15996 276 30203 16.5 17.0 329 6456 Ukraine 4097 183452 719 Turkmenistan 589 3001 649 7296 20093 Tajikistan 614 13752 116 Russian Federation Moldova 3615 705 Kyrgyz Republic Kazakhstan Georgia Belarus Azerbaijan Armenia ol I onre I onre ol I onre I countries CIS countries CIS World countries CIS countries CIS World au hr au Share Value Share Value xot Imports Exports te te te other other other other l l l All All All All etnto 0220 0420 0320 0220 2004 2003 2002 2004 2003 2002 2004 2003 2002 Destination etnto 0220 0420 0320 0220 2004 2003 2002 2004 2003 2002 2004 2003 2002 Destination omnelho needn tts(I)51 2918433 6343 1529 3775 2192 1165 4833 3693 3837 13824 9289 5114 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) 3961 2962 2273 81022 59486 45391 87854 64903 49727 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) (Million dollars) Merchandise exportsofselectedeconomiestotheCIS, 2002-04 Table III.48 aiitn72 43 05 0 52 52 257 1 44 0 26 147 1 17 1 58 5 4 10 0 14 230 6 13 398 56 185 1 15 295 3119 257 78 231 39 6 99 1 50 34 1765 4 8 138 255 72 25 945 92 33 47 1 226 30 30 31 172 33 1443 2959 319 131 54 147 85 39 929 84 2450 91 99 168 159 24 104 21 79 527 31 2399 19 103 605 121 7 7 87 112 23 70 9098 493 145 2 65 2212 6030 42 20 245 138 1572 12 3521 32 144 215 29 8 576 146 600 93 5 203 16 66 170 445 11 94 2 118 47 75 310 Uzbekistan 572 Ukraine 200 39 80 496 41 Turkmenistan 356 0 507 155 25 12863 Tajikistan 479 1859 64 24 Russian Federation 9891 234 375 103 404 20 0 910 1368 Moldova 7273 38 159 313 Kyrgyz Republic 315 1168 742 726 20 Kazakhstan 0 118 612 227 Georgia 658 13842 487 121 127 3964 732 Belarus 56216 390 10736 601 3242 Azerbaijan 41390 2311 7950 100 118 402 555 294 1538 Armenia 1209 31962 2480 1719 50 356 885 439 949 1957 195 59835 899 243 524 663 4448 44205 165 667 3340 2651 34357 129 411 2076 2565 478 1967 1259 2026 375 805 Uzbekistan 260 Ukraine Turkmenistan Tajikistan Russian Federation Moldova Kyrgyz Republic Kazakhstan Georgia Belarus Azerbaijan Armenia rgnCiaUie Sae Japan UnitedStates China Origin rgnErp uoenUin(5 Turkey EuropeanUnion(25) Europe Origin 77 Trade by region 78 Trade by region rgn20 0320 0220 0420 032004 2003 2002 2004 2003 2002 2004 2003 2002 Origin rgn20 0320 0220 0420 032004 2003 2002 2004 2003 2002 2004 2003 2002 Origin omnelho needn tts(I)16711512186 08 46 6343 6201 4637 3623 14865 10387 8368 16231 13135 10637 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) 12927 7777 5500 112362 82806 64492 133684 98701 77516 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) (Million dollars) Table III.49 Merchandise importsofselectedeconomiesfrom theCIS, 2002-04 zeitn2 0 0 18 07 287 8 0 92 0 7 133 2 74 111 1 2 1 8 1 147 0 90 3 6 1 1 8 17 87 935 88 246 5 8 10 53 2 3 8 5710 81 310 81 155 4237 46 5 63 457 3 1 1 99 3276 84 11 42 403 60 1045 12 14 375 200 12560 568 48 46 15 1246 9085 19 5 0 237 4 27 409 39 13 18 706 7145 137 348 8 1 32 37 6 34 110 12127 179 4 154 9728 2286 8 69 99 2 40 63 8407 1720 97 176 56 2509 4 75 27 1355 35 2 57 124 64 1331 13 11 1 978 99 41 7 753 11 Uzbekistan 307 5 Ukraine 660 16 Turkmenistan 8853 442 0 616 274 42 233 Tajikistan 872 9033 6395 267 Russian Federation 323 138 262 560 29 0 136 5451 Moldova 5578 32 202 183 Kyrgyz Republic 217 396 950 3863 123 21 0 Kazakhstan 23 372 12584 271 Georgia 777 63 7834 945 8963 290 Belarus 386 88070 27 965 3294 Azerbaijan 4185 66394 7403 297 500 226 392 675 Armenia 2229 50648 1449 3605 178 358 334 51 503 1453 1471 684 153 102935 8952 334 1259 40 77920 605 3473 4864 60439 46 298 2347 1753 386 4220 1548 192 1597 1328 Uzbekistan 157 Ukraine Turkmenistan Tajikistan Russian Federation Moldova Kyrgyz Republic Kazakhstan Georgia Belarus Azerbaijan Armenia etnto uoe Erpa no 2) Turkey EuropeanUnion(25) Europe Destination etnto hn ntd ttsJapan UnitedStates China Destination omnelho needn tts(I)4. 0. 0. 01 725 17 16 20 23 16 100.0 100.0 19 18 49.7 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) 100.0 Importers 100.0 33.4 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates(CIS) Exporters (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table III.50 Leading exporters andimporters ofcommercial servicesintheCIS, 2004 usa eeain 28 6. 59 1 51 24 16 15 19 25 20 65.9 20 68.6 20 32.8 60.4 55.5 Belarus 1.0 Azerbaijan 2.7 Ukraine 4.7 Kazakhstan 4.9 20.2 Russian Federation 13 33 2.0 5.4 33 18 9.9 9.4 0 58 2.3 Uzbekistan 0.6 2.0 Belarus 1.7 6 7.7 Kazakhstan 1.8 11.0 27 97 8 Ukraine 6.0 7 Russian Federation 34 -1 1.7 54 16 18 13 28 5.2 17 5.4 16 2.6 12 21 3 18.1 5.7 5.3 12 25 22.0 9 6 17 19 18 15 12 au hr Annualpercentagechange Share Value 0420 0420-420 032004 2003 2002 2000-04 2004 2000 2004 79 Trade by region 6. Africa

Table III.51 Table III.52 Merchandise trade of Africa by region Merchandise trade of Africa, 2004 and by major product group, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports Value Share Value 232 212 Exports Exports Imports Share in world merchandise trade 2.6 2.3

Annual percentage change Total 232 100.0 100.0 Africa 1980-85 -7 -5 Region 1985-90 5 6 1990-95 1 5 North America 43 18.7 7.2 1995-00 6 0 South and Central America 7 2.9 3.4 2000-04 12 13 2002 2 2 Europe 99 42.8 47.7 2003 25 22 CIS 1 0.3 2.0 2004 32 27 South Africa Africa 23 10.0 11.3 Middle East 3 1.4 6.5 1980-85 -9 -10 1985-90 8 10 Asia 39 16.8 21.9 1990-95 3 11 1995-00 1 -1 Product group 2000-04 11 18 2002 2 4 Agricultural products 28 12.1 14.5 2003 23 40 2004 26 39 Fuels and mining products 137 59.1 12.3 Other Africa Manufactures 58 25.1 71.0 1980-85 -7 -4 1985-90 4 5 Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world 1990-95 0 4 merchandise trade by product and region. 1995-00 7 1 2000-04 12 11 2002 2 1 2003 26 17

Trade by region Trade 2004 34 23

Chart III.13 Chart III.14 Merchandise trade of Africa, 1994-04 Share of Africa in world merchandise trade, 1994-04 (Billion dollars) (Percentage based on value data)

240 2.8

220

2.6 200 Imports

180 2.4

160 Exports 2.2 140 Exports Imports 120 2.0 100

80 1.8 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

80 Table III.53 Merchandise exports of Africa by major product group and main destination, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandise a World 231.7 100.0 100.0 12 2 25 32 Europe 99.1 50.6 42.8 7 -3 20 17 North America 43.2 17.8 18.7 13 -10 48 39 Asia 38.9 16.0 16.8 13 8 23 49 Africa 23.1 9.4 10.0 14 24 22 22

Fuels and mining products World 137.0 100.0 100.0 12 -3 28 44 Europe 48.6 46.5 35.5 5 -7 17 19 North America 36.7 25.3 26.8 14 -14 57 45 Asia 25.4 17.3 18.6 14 5 27 69 Africa 7.9 4.7 5.8 18 25 30 39

Manufactures World 58.1 100.0 100.0 12 5 24 20 Europe 33.0 58.8 56.8 11 -5 28 19 Africa 9.8 16.6 16.9 12 38 17 16 Asia 6.6 10.2 11.4 15 21 31 23 North America 5.1 8.8 8.8 12 2 19 17

Agricultural products World 28.0 100.0 100.0 10 3 19 19

Europe 13.8 50.4 49.3 10 6 17 14 by region Trade Africa 5.2 18.3 18.6 11 1 25 13 Asia 5.0 18.4 18.0 10 -9 21 33 North America 1.3 4.8 4.8 10 12 13 10 a Includes significant exports of unspecified products.

81 Table III.54 Merchandise exports of Africa by destination, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World 231.7 100.0 100.0 12 2 25 32

Europe 99.1 50.6 42.8 7 -3 20 17 European Union (25) 90.8 47.0 39.2 7 -3 19 16 Other Europe 8.3 3.6 3.6 12 7 28 29

North America 43.2 17.8 18.7 13 -10 48 39 United States 39.4 16.3 17.0 13 -14 50 42 Other North America 3.8 1.4 1.6 16 25 34 14

Asia 38.9 16.0 16.8 13 8 23 49 China 13.5 3.1 5.8 31 13 60 87 Japan 7.1 2.6 3.1 16 19 15 47 Other Asia 18.3 10.3 7.9 5 4 12 30

Intra-Africa 23.1 9.4 10.0 14 24 22 22

South and Central America 6.8 2.6 2.9 15 -19 33 79 Brazil 6.1 1.9 2.6 22 -14 28 90 Other South and Central America 0.7 0.8 0.3 -11 -42 65 22

Middle East 3.4 2.1 1.4 2 -3 12 15

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.7 0.2 0.3 25 31 35 28

Inter-regional trade 192.1 89.3 82.9 10 -3 25 29 Trade by region Trade

82 Table III.55 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Africa, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

Africa 231.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12 2 25 32

South Africa 46.0 21.0 22.2 20.4 19.9 11 2 23 26 Algeria 32.3 11.4 12.2 15.0 13.9 10 -2 31 31 Nigeria 31.1 21.4 12.8 14.3 13.4 10 -12 32 57 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 20.8 18.0 12.5 8.6 9.0 13 -10 49 42 Angola 13.9 1.6 3.7 5.4 6.0 15 27 14 46

Morocco 9.7 2.1 4.0 5.1 4.2 7 10 12 11 Tunisia 9.7 1.8 3.3 4.0 4.2 13 4 17 21 Egypt 7.7 2.5 3.3 3.2 3.3 13 14 31 25 Côte d'Ivoire 6.5 2.6 2.9 2.6 2.8 14 34 11 11 Equatorial Guinea 5.2 0.0 0.1 0.7 2.2 47 21 33 76

Congo 3.9 0.8 0.9 1.7 1.7 12 3 24 48 Sudan 3.8 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.6 20 15 30 49 Gabon 3.5 1.8 2.1 1.8 1.5 8 -4 17 23 Botswana 3.5 0.4 1.7 1.8 1.5 6 -5 30 15 Cameroon 2.7 1.1 1.9 1.2 1.2 10 3 25 20

Importers

Africa 211.8 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 13 2 22 27 Trade by region Trade South Africa a 57.1 20.1 18.5 22.8 27.0 18 4 40 39 Algeria 18.2 10.8 9.8 7.0 8.6 19 24 9 34 Morocco 17.6 4.3 7.0 8.9 8.3 11 8 20 24 Nigeria 14.2 17.1 5.7 6.7 6.7 13 -35 44 31 Egypt 12.8 5.0 12.5 10.8 6.1 -2 -2 -13 18

Tunisia 12.7 3.6 5.5 6.6 6.0 10 0 15 17 Angola 6.5 1.4 1.6 2.3 3.1 21 18 46 19 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 5.7 7.0 5.4 2.9 2.7 11 0 -2 30 Kenya 4.6 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.2 10 2 15 22 Ghana 4.3 1.2 1.2 2.3 2.0 10 -14 19 33

Sudan 4.1 1.6 0.6 1.2 1.9 27 25 18 41 Côte d'Ivoire 3.8 3.0 2.1 2.1 1.8 8 2 35 14 Botswana 3.3 0.7 2.0 1.6 1.6 13 7 30 34 Ethiopia 3.1 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.5 25 -8 29 44 Mauritius 2.8 0.6 1.6 1.6 1.3 7 9 9 18 a Secretariat estimate. Note: Recent figures for a number of traders in the region have been estimated by the Secretariat.

83 Table III.56 Merchandise exports of the European Union (25) to Africa by product, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandise exports 91.9 100.0 100.0 11 4 21 18 Agricultural products 9.7 12.2 10.6 7 6 13 9 Food 8.3 10.5 9.0 7 6 12 8 Fish 0.6 0.5 0.6 14 7 24 8 Other food products 7.7 10.0 8.4 6 6 12 8 Raw materials 1.4 1.7 1.6 9 9 19 19 Fuels and mining products 5.1 5.3 5.6 13 6 25 45 Ores and other minerals 0.4 0.4 0.5 13 2 23 35 Fuels 4.0 4.0 4.3 13 6 29 52 Non-ferrous metals 0.7 0.9 0.8 10 5 14 22 Manufactures 76.4 81.5 83.2 12 4 22 18 Iron and steel 2.72.22.919111927 Chemicals 11.4 11.8 12.4 13 8 18 19 Pharmaceuticals 3.93.94.314101818 Other chemicals 7.5 8.0 8.1 12 8 17 20 Other semi-manufactures 7.6 7.6 8.3 14 4 25 19 Machinery and transport equipment 42.9 46.4 46.7 11 1 25 19 Office and telecom equipment 7.6 9.1 8.2 8 -2 20 27 EDP and office equipment 2.7 3.0 2.9 10 3 13 23 Telecommunications equipment 4.2 5.2 4.5 8 -3 23 30 Integrated circuits 0.7 1.0 0.8 6 -11 37 27 Transport equipment 15.3 17.6 16.7 10 -7 31 13 Automotive products 9.9 8.6 10.8 17 6 21 21 Trade by region Trade Other transport equipment 5.5 9.0 5.9 0 -24 50 2 Other machinery 20.0 19.7 21.8 14 8 23 20 Textiles 4.1 5.3 4.5 7 2 12 7 Clothing 1.1 1.6 1.2 4 8 8 -1 Other manufactures 6.56.57.013111322 Personal and household goods 0.9 1.0 1.0 10 11 5 14 Scientific and controlling instruments 2.21.92.417121629 Miscellaneous manufactures 3.43.63.712111319

Note: The European Union (25) accounted for 45 per cent of Africa's merchandise imports in 2004.

84 Table III.57 Merchandise imports of the European Union (25) from Africa by product, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandise imports 103.1 100.0 100.0 9 -3 23 15

Agricultural products 16.7 15.4 16.2 10 8 21 8 Food 13.4 11.7 13.0 11 11 23 7 Fish 3.1 2.9 3.0 10 11 14 4 Raw materials 3.3 3.7 3.2 5 -2 13 13

Fuels and mining products 50.7 51.8 49.2 7 -5 23 21 Fuels 45.1 46.0 43.7 7 -5 25 20 Ores and other minerals 3.0 3.1 2.9 6 -6 5 29 Non-ferrous metals 2.7 2.6 2.6 8 -10 9 37

Manufactures 33.1 29.7 32.1 11 -7 28 15 Other semi-manufactures 7.9 7.7 7.7 8 -23 40 19 Clothing 7.7 7.9 7.5 7 2 13 7

Note: The European Union (25) accounted for 40 per cent of Africa's merchandise exports in 2004. Trade by region Trade

85 86 Trade by region 7. Middle East 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 80 (Billion dollars) Chart III.15 Merchandise trade ofMiddleEast, 1994-04 au 9 252 390 2.7 4.4 Annual percentagechange Share inworldmerchandisetrade Value (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table III.58 Merchandise trade oftheMiddleEast, 2004 000 012 4 5 10 3 12 -3 2 6 -14 2000-04 1995-00 1990-95 1985-90 1980-85 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0 2 0 04 03 02 01 00 99 98 97 96 95 94 042 27 13 4 29 20 6 2004 2003 2002 Exports xot Imports Exports Imports 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 (Percentage basedonvaluedata) Chart III.16 1994-04 Share ofMiddleEastinworldmerchandise trade, merchandise tradebyproductandregion. Note oa 9 0. 100.0 100.0 Product group 390 Region Total (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table III.59 and bymajorproduct group, 2004 Merchandise trade oftheMiddleEastbyregion auatrs8 2180.2 22.1 11.1 30.7 86 6.2 2.4 49.5 1.4 4.0 8.8 74.6 3.4 0.3 5.5 193 9 291 42.7 13 16.4 1 22 64 10.3 Manufactures 2.1 Fuels andminingproducts 14.1 Agricultural products 0.9 55 4 Asia Middle East Africa CIS Europe South andCentralAmerica North America : ImportsharesarederivedfromtheSecretariat'snetworkofworld 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 0 2 0 04 03 02 01 00 99 98 97 96 95 94 Exports xot xot Imports Exports au Share Value Imports Table III.60

Merchandise exports of the Middle East by major product group and main destination, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandise World 389.7 100.0 100.0 10 5 20 29 Asia 193.0 51.5 49.5 9 -4 28 28 Europe 64.0 18.9 16.4 6 -4 19 30 North America 55.1 15.6 14.1 7 -7 23 22 Intra-Middle East 21.5 5.6 5.5 10 27 7 ... Fuels and mining products World 290.9 100.0 100.0 9 0 24 32 Asia 170.9 61.3 58.7 8 -6 29 27 Europe 40.3 16.5 13.9 4 -6 21 31 North America 36.3 12.2 12.5 10 -12 33 29 Manufactures World 86.1 100.0 100.0 13 21 11 22 Europe 20.7 27.2 24.0 9 -1 16 29 Asia 20.0 19.2 23.2 18 11 24 34 North America 17.2 28.9 19.9 3 2 7 10 Intra-Middle East 14.1 14.6 16.4 16 49 10 ...

Agricultural products World 9.3 100.0 100.0 11 28 2 11 Trade by region Trade

Table III.61

Merchandise exports of the Middle East by destination, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World 389.7 100.0 100.0 10 5 20 29

Asia 193.0 51.5 49.5 9 -4 28 28 Japan 61.1 17.8 15.7 6 -8 26 23 China 21.0 3.6 5.4 21 3 52 50 Other Asia 110.9 30.0 28.5 8 -3 26 27

Europe 64.0 18.9 16.4 6 -4 19 30 European Union (25) 57.6 17.4 14.8 6 -5 18 31

North America 55.1 15.6 14.1 7 -7 23 22

Middle East 21.5 5.6 5.5 10 27 7 ...

Africa 13.3 3.9 3.4 6 -11 16 27

South and Central America 3.5 1.0 0.9 8 -8 -1 51

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.2 0.3 0.3 11 97 33 9

Inter-regional trade 330.1 91.2 84.7 8 -5 25 27

87 Table III.62 Imports of fuels of selected regions and economies from the Middle East, 2000 and 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Annual percentage change

2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Asia 124.4 167.8 8 -6 29 27 Japan 47.5 61.0 6 -8 27 23 Korea, Republic of 24.4 31.4 6 -12 30 24 Singapore 10.4 14.1 8 2 10 41 China 8.7 17.1 19 1 56 51 Thailand a 5.5 6.3 ...... Taipei, Chinese 5.4 11.9 22 9 52 32 Pakistan 3.5 3.6 0 1 10 15 Philippines a 3.1 2.5 -7 -18 15 ... India a 0.7 0.5 -10 3 -3 ... Europe 34.4 40.6 4 -7 21 33 European Union (25) 31.9 36.6 3 -8 18 35 Turkey 2.2 3.7 13 3 47 19 North America 25.9 37.3 10 -13 35 29 United States 24.4 35.1 10 -13 36 30 Canada b 1.1 1.8 13 5 30 17

a 2003 instead of 2004. b Imports are valued f.o.b.

Table III.63 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in the Middle East, 2004

Trade by region Trade (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

Middle East 389.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 10 5 20 29

Saudi Arabia 126.2 51.4 32.1 29.0 32.4 13 7 29 35 United Arab Emirates 82.8 10.4 17.0 18.6 21.2 14 7 29 23 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 44.4 5.8 14.0 10.6 11.4 12 18 20 31 Israel 38.5 2.6 8.7 11.7 9.9 5 1 8 22 Kuwait 28.7 9.3 5.1 7.3 7.4 10 -5 35 39

Iraq 17.8 12.4 8.9 7.7 4.6 -4 -5 -21 83 Qatar 15.5 2.7 2.8 4.3 4.0 8 1 20 18 Oman 13.3 1.8 4.0 4.2 3.4 4 1 4 14 Bahrain 7.6 1.7 2.7 2.3 1.9 5 4 10 19 Syrian Arab Republic 4.9 1.0 3.0 1.7 1.3 2 19 -8 -14

Importers

Middle East 251.7 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 12 4 13 27

United Arab Emirates 47.6 8.6 11.1 16.8 18.9 16 8 21 21 Saudi Arabia 44.6 29.7 23.8 19.0 17.7 10 3 14 21 Israel 42.9 9.6 16.6 23.6 17.0 3 0 2 18 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 34.7 12.1 20.1 9.0 13.8 25 26 17 33 Iraq 21.3 13.7 7.6 8.4 8.5 12 -25 1 114

Kuwait 12.0 6.4 3.9 4.5 4.8 14 14 22 9 Lebanon 9.4 3.6 2.5 3.9 3.7 11 -12 11 31 Oman 8.9 1.7 2.6 3.2 3.5 15 4 9 35 Jordan 8.1 2.4 2.6 2.9 3.2 15 4 13 42 Bahrain 6.3 3.4 3.7 2.9 2.5 8 16 2 24

Note: Recent figures for a number of significant traders in the region have been estimated by the Secretariat.

88 8. Asia

Table III.64 Table III.65 Merchandise trade of Asia by region Merchandise trade of Asia, 2004 and by major product group, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage) Exports Imports Value Share Value 2388 2224 Exports Exports Imports Share in world merchandise trade 26.8 24.0 Total 2388 100.0 100.0 Annual percentage change

Value Region 1980-85 5 2 North America 533 22.3 11.2 1985-90 13 14 South and Central America 39 1.6 1.8 1990-95 12 12 Europe 417 17.5 13.8 1995-00 5 4 CIS 25 1.1 1.6 2000-04 10 10 Africa 45 1.9 1.7 2002 8 6 Middle East 75 3.1 8.7 2003 18 19 Asia 1201 50.3 54.0 2004 25 27 Volume Product group 1980-85 7.5 5.0 Agricultural products 143 6.0 8.4 1985-90 7.5 11.5 Fuels and mining products 184 7.7 19.4 1990-95 7.5 10.5 Manufactures 1998 83.6 69.9 1995-00 8.5 5.5 2000-04 8.0 8.0 Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region. 2002 11.0 8.0 2003 11.5 13.0 2004 14.0 14.5 Trade by region Trade

Chart III.17 Chart III.18 Share of Asia in world merchandise trade, Merchandise trade of Asia, 1994-04 1994-04 (Billion dollars) (Percentage based on value data)

2500 27 Exports 2300 26

2100 25

1900 24 Exports 1700 23 Imports

1500 22

21 1300 Imports 20 1100

19 900 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04

89 90 Trade by region World Agricultural products World Fuels andminingproducts World Manufactures World Total merchandise (Billion dollarsandpercentage) Table III.66 Merchandise exportsofAsiabymajorproduct group andmaindestination, 2004 All otherregions North America Europe Intra-Asia All otherregions North America Europe Intra-Asia All otherregions Europe North America Intra-Asia All otherregions Europe North America Intra-Asia European Union(25) Other Asia China Japan European Union(25) Other Asia China Japan European Union(25) Other Asia Japan China European Union(25) Other Asia Japan China 384100100--1 825 18 10 - - 100.0 100.0 2388.4 9758. 3610010091 25 18 9 100.0 100.0 83.6 84.2 1997.5 2134. 03--1 026 20 10 - - 50.3 48.8 1201.3 8. . . 0. 0. 02 34 20 10 100.0 100.0 7.7 7.6 184.4 4. . . 0. 0. 118 11 9 100.0 100.0 6.0 6.1 143.1 8. . . 62 35 24 22 24 20 23 16 24 26 8 22 10 10 16 - 30 14 5 - 8 36 - 6 - - - 22 - - 7.7 - - - 16.3 - 6.1 - 17.5 16.4 - 22.3 17.4 184.6 30.5 8.5 26.4 390.0 31.8 11.3 416.9 9.6 533.1 7.4 727.8 203.9 269.5 5. . . 078. 12 34 21 11 25 26 82.9 23 20 80.7 24 25 9 8 10 17 6.4 5 25 17.6 8 6.1 18.8 17.6 21 24.9 18.6 28.1 152.9 10 29.4 14.8 29.9 15.7 14.9 20.8 46.6 15.7 23.5 24.7 44.9 352.5 25.2 375.6 497.6 39.0 561.3 37.8 931.2 5. . . . . 62 36 24 16 22 5.7 28 15 6.1 37 7 22 4.8 7.0 5.1 11.5 7.6 7.4 155.0 5.9 9.6 6.4 6.2 140.1 229.8 8635374. 801 737 17 22 11 18 5 48.0 46.0 20.9 25.6 3.7 3.5 1.6 1.9 88.6 38.6 12040558611 333 32 23 25 45 11 11 47 6.1 23 6.4 5.8 6.2 13.9 0.5 9.1 0.5 0.4 0.5 1.1 11.2 0.7 11.8 25.7 4038356. 877916 9 7 58.7 62.3 3.5 3.8 84.0 9208081. 3491 17 19 12 18 17 9 18 9 9 13.4 13.8 13.3 14.6 13.8 14.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.9 19.2 19.7 21.0 29040566901 330 22 23 5 18 5 9.0 16.8 6.6 19.9 0.5 1.0 0.4 1.2 12.9 24.1 63060507911 725 17 15 9.1 0.7 0.5 0.6 16.3 7022203. 29789 8 7 32.9 35.8 2.0 2.2 47.0 0420 0420 0420-420 2004 2003 2000-04 2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 au ecads ru change group merchandise Value . . . . . 49 1 4 4.9 6.2 0.4 0.5 9.1 . . . . . 41 39 14 14 2.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 6.8 hr nttl hr npoutAnnualpercentage Shareinproduct Share intotal Table III.67 Merchandise exports of Asia by product, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in exports Share in Value of Asia world exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandise exports 2388.4 100.0 100.0 26.4 26.8 10 8 18 25

Agricultural products 143.1 6.1 6.0 18.3 18.3 9 9 11 18 Food 111.7 4.7 4.7 17.9 17.8 10 9 10 18 Fish 24.3 1.2 1.0 36.4 34.9 6 4 7 15 Other food products 87.4 3.5 3.7 15.3 15.7 11 10 11 19 Raw materials 31.4 1.4 1.3 19.8 20.1 7 8 16 18

Fuels and mining products 184.4 7.6 7.7 14.4 14.4 10 0 20 34 Ores and other minerals 28.7 1.0 1.2 25.3 24.8 14 2 30 33 Fuels 121.2 5.2 5.1 12.8 12.2 9 -2 19 33 Non-ferrous metals 34.6 1.3 1.4 17.5 20.1 12 4 17 42

Manufactures 1997.5 84.2 83.6 29.8 30.4 9 9 18 25 Iron and steel 65.2 2.1 2.7 24.6 24.5 17 13 26 51 Chemicals 168.1 6.1 7.0 17.3 17.2 14 11 24 28 Pharmaceuticals 13.5 0.5 0.6 8.0 5.5 11 6 16 18 Other chemicals 154.6 5.6 6.5 19.4 21.2 14 12 24 28 Other semi-manufactures 134.6 5.5 5.6 20.5 21.3 10 10 14 24 Machinery and transport equipment 1174.7 50.8 49.2 32.1 33.8 9 9 18 25 Office and telecom equipment 624.7 27.5 26.2 47.3 55.1 8 11 18 25 EDP and office equipment 224.2 10.7 9.4 47.7 53.3 6 8 13 19 Telecommunications equipment 188.0 6.2 7.9 36.0 49.1 16 13 25 34 Integrated circuits 212.6 10.6 8.9 57.3 64.3 5 12 18 24 Transport equipment 248.4 10.1 10.4 20.2 20.6 10 12 16 21 Trade by region Trade Automotive products 172.5 6.9 7.2 19.9 20.4 11 15 16 20 Other transport equipment 75.8 3.2 3.2 21.0 21.1 9 7 16 22 Other machinery 301.6 13.2 12.6 26.3 26.6 8 5 18 28 Textiles 87.8 4.2 3.7 44.9 45.1 6 5 12 16 Clothing 120.7 5.5 5.1 46.5 46.8 7 5 15 13 Other manufactures 246.5 9.9 10.3 30.4 32.1 11 7 20 26 Personal and household goods 57.9 2.3 2.4 32.7 35.0 11 9 16 22 Scientific and controlling instruments 55.4 1.6 2.3 22.5 29.4 20 11 43 51 Miscellaneous manufactures 133.3 6.0 5.6 32.7 32.1 8 6 15 19

91 Table III.68 Merchandise exports of Asia by destination, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

World 2388.4 100.0 100.0 10 8 18 25 Intra-Asia 1201.3 48.8 50.3 10 10 20 26 China 269.5 7.4 11.3 22 27 36 30 Japan 203.9 9.6 8.5 6 -1 14 22 Australia and New Zealand 66.5 2.4 2.8 13 14 23 26 Other Asia 661.3 29.3 27.7 8 8 16 26

North America 533.1 26.4 22.3 5 6 8 20 United States 481.9 24.2 20.2 5 6 8 19 Other North America 51.3 2.2 2.1 9 12 6 30

Europe 416.9 17.4 17.5 10 4 24 24 European Union (25) 390.0 16.4 16.3 10 4 23 24 Other Europe 26.9 1.0 1.1 13 5 45 29

Middle East 75.1 2.5 3.1 16 13 19 26

Africa 44.9 1.3 1.9 19 5 25 42 South Africa 12.0 0.4 0.5 16 7 33 47 Other Africa 32.8 1.0 1.4 20 4 22 40

South and Central America 39.4 1.8 1.6 8 -7 7 40 Brazil 11.1 0.5 0.5 8 -8 7 53 Other South and Central America 28.3 1.3 1.2 8 -6 7 35

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 25.3 0.5 1.1 35 24 66 46 Russian Federation 17.3 0.3 0.7 32 20 58 47 Other CIS 8.0 0.1 0.3 39 37 84 43 Inter-regional trade 1134.7 49.9 47.5 8 5 15 24 Trade by region Trade

92 Table III.69 Leading merchandise exporters and importers in Asia, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Annual percentage change

Value Share Value Volume

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

Asia 2388.4 100.0 100.0 10 8 18 25 8.0 11.0 11.0 14.0

China 593.3 15.0 24.8 24 22 35 35 ...... Japan 565.8 28.9 23.7 4 3 13 20 3.0 8.0 5.0 11.0 Hong Kong, China 265.5 ...... 7 6 13 16 8.0 9.0 14.0 15.0 domestic exports 20.0 1.4 0.8 -4 -10 7 2 -3.0 -7.0 1.0 5.0 re-exports 245.6 ...... 8 7 14 17 10.0 10.5 15.0 16.0 Korea, Republic of 253.8 10.4 10.6 10 8 19 31 13.0 13.0 17.0 22.5 Taipei, Chinese 182.4 9.1 7.6 5 7 11 21 1.0 9.0 4.0 8.0

Singapore 179.6 8.3 7.5 7 3 15 25 9.0 5.0 16.0 21.0 domestic exports 98.6 4.7 4.1 6 1 19 24 9.0 2.5 22.0 18.0 re-exports 81.0 3.6 3.4 8 5 10 26 9.0 8.0 9.0 24.0 Malaysia 126.5 5.9 5.3 7 7 12 21 ...... Thailand 97.4 4.2 4.1 9 5 18 21 5.0 13.5 9.0 6.0 Australia 86.4 3.9 3.6 8 3 10 21 1.0 1.0 -2.0 3.0 India 75.6 2.6 3.2 16 14 16 32 11.5 17.0 3.0 18.0

Indonesia 72.3 3.9 3.0 3 3 8 13 -2.0 -3.0 -1.0 -1.5 Philippines 39.7 2.4 1.7 0 12 1 7 3.0 22.0 -5.0 -3.0 Viet Nam 25.6 0.9 1.1 15 11 21 27 ...... New Zealand 20.4 0.8 0.9 11 5 15 23 5.0 5.5 3.0 7.0 Pakistan 13.4 0.5 0.6 10 7 20 12 9.5 12.0 12.0 5.0

Importers

Asia 2224.2 100.0 100.0 10 6 19 27 8.0 8.0 13.0 14.0 by region Trade

China 561.2 15.0 25.2 26 21 40 36 ...... Japan 454.5 25.3 20.4 5 -3 14 19 3.5 2.0 7.0 7.0 Hong Kong, China 272.9 ...... 6 3 12 17 8.0 8.0 13.0 14.0 retained imports 27.3 2.3 1.2 -6 -22 -1 13 -4.0 -8.0 -6.0 -2.0 Korea, Republic of 224.5 10.7 10.1 9 8 18 26 7.0 12.0 7.0 12.0 Taipei, Chinese 168.4 9.3 7.6 5 5 13 32 4.5 8.0 6.5 15.5

Singapore 163.9 9.0 7.4 5 0 10 28 4.0 0.5 6.5 22.0 retained imports 82.8 5.0 3.7 2 -4 9 30 ...... Australia 109.4 4.8 4.9 11 14 23 23 8.5 14.5 12.0 15.0 Malaysia 105.3 5.5 4.7 6 8 5 26 ...... India 97.3 3.4 4.4 17 12 26 37 8.0 4.0 11.0 17.0 Thailand 95.4 4.1 4.3 11 4 17 26 5.0 11.0 9.0 12.0

Indonesia 54.9 2.9 2.5 6 2 10 30 3.0 2.0 5.0 19.0 Philippines 42.3 2.5 1.9 3 6 6 7 4.5 2.0 1.0 -2.0 Viet Nam 31.1 1.0 1.4 19 22 28 23 ...... New Zealand 23.2 0.9 1.0 14 13 23 25 9.0 9.0 11.0 15.0 Pakistan 17.9 0.7 0.8 13 10 16 38 8.0 9.0 1.0 23.0 Memorandum items: ASEAN (10) Exports 551.8 26.1 23.1 6 5 13 20 ...... Imports 500.1 25.4 22.5 7 5 10 25 ...... SAPTA (7) ...... Exports 104.0 3.9 4.4 13 10 16 27 ...... Imports 138.2 5.4 6.2 14 9 23 33 ......

93 Table III.70 Merchandise trade of Japan by region and economy, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Destination Annual percentage Origin Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2000 2004 2003 2004 2004 2000 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 565.81 100.0 100.0 13 20 World 454.54 100.0 100.0 14 19

Asia 288.94 43.3 51.1 22 25 Asia 227.84 46.4 50.1 15 21

North America 142.50 32.7 25.2 -2 11 North America 74.17 22.0 16.3 2 7

Europe 94.78 17.8 16.8 19 18 Europe 64.49 13.9 14.2 12 16

Middle East 14.47 2.0 2.6 13 12 Middle East 62.73 13.0 13.8 26 22

South and Central America 8.14 1.7 1.4 -4 26 South and Central America 10.45 2.2 2.3 12 36

Africa 6.60 0.9 1.2 23 36 Africa 8.67 1.3 1.9 14 34

CIS 3.77 0.2 0.7 89 72 CIS 6.19 1.3 1.4 28 34

Economy Economy United States 128.69 30.0 22.7 -2 9 China 94.27 14.5 20.7 22 25 China 73.94 6.3 13.1 44 29 United States 63.58 19.1 14.0 2 6 European Union (25) 89.21 16.8 15.8 18 18 European Union (25) 57.83 12.5 12.7 12 16 Korea, Republic of 44.26 6.4 7.8 22 27 Korea, Republic of 22.05 5.4 4.9 16 23 Taipei, Chinese 42.01 7.5 7.4 19 34 Australia 19.45 3.9 4.3 8 29

Above 5 378.11 67.1 66.8 14 19 Above 5 257.18 55.4 56.6 12 18 Hong Kong, China 35.43 5.7 6.3 18 19 Indonesia 18.70 4.3 4.1 16 14

Trade by region Trade Thailand 20.28 2.8 3.6 22 26 Saudi Arabia 18.46 3.7 4.1 25 26 Singapore 17.99 4.3 3.2 5 21 United Arab Emirates 18.34 3.9 4.0 24 28 Malaysia 12.57 2.9 2.2 2 12 Taipei, Chinese 16.69 4.7 3.7 5 17 Australia 11.82 1.8 2.1 19 19 Malaysia 14.12 3.8 3.1 12 12

Philippines 9.60 2.1 1.7 7 6 Thailand 14.11 2.8 3.1 13 19 Indonesia 9.08 1.6 1.6 15 26 Canada 8.41 2.3 1.9 5 12 Canada 7.64 1.6 1.4 1 3 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 8.26 1.4 1.8 57 11 Panama 6.07 1.3 1.1 18 11 Philippines 8.25 1.9 1.8 8 17 Mexico 5.19 1.1 0.9 -4 42 Qatar 7.88 1.5 1.7 24 21

United Arab Emirates 4.61 0.5 0.8 23 27 Singapore 6.29 1.7 1.4 8 16 Saudi Arabia 3.67 0.6 0.6 -1 -1 Kuwait 5.75 1.3 1.3 9 26 Viet Nam 3.18 0.4 0.6 23 21 Russian Federation 5.71 1.2 1.3 29 35 Russian Federation 3.12 0.1 0.6 87 76 Switzerland 4.81 0.9 1.1 17 25 India 3.04 0.5 0.5 28 27 South Africa 4.60 0.8 1.0 24 28

South Africa 2.91 0.4 0.5 31 43 Chile 4.18 0.7 0.9 22 59 Brazil 2.35 0.5 0.4 4 25 Viet Nam 3.86 0.7 0.8 22 25 New Zealand 2.29 0.3 0.4 26 26 Brazil 3.65 0.8 0.8 8 27 Switzerland 2.19 0.4 0.4 22 12 India 2.61 0.7 0.6 4 20 Turkey 1.92 0.3 0.3 65 37 New Zealand 2.47 0.6 0.5 8 20

Pakistan 1.24 0.1 0.2 26 37 Mexico 2.17 0.6 0.5 -1 22 Israel 1.16 0.3 0.2 16 37 Brunei Darussalam 1.89 0.4 0.4 20 3 Oman 1.16 0.2 0.2 13 20 Oman 1.63 0.5 0.4 21 -36 Norway 1.13 0.2 0.2 19 43 Hong Kong, China 1.63 0.4 0.4 -5 21 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 1.12 0.1 0.2 45 0 Nigeria 1.42 0.1 0.3 21 58

Above 30 548.86 97.3 97.0 - - Above 30 441.66 97.3 97.2 - -

94 Table III.71 Merchandise exports of the United States, the European Union (25) and Japan to China by major product, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's

total merchandise total exports by Annual percentage Value exports product group change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

United States Total merchandise exports 34.7 100.0 100.0 2.1 4.2 21 15 29 22 Agricultural products 7.2 14.7 20.8 3.3 9.1 32 7 113 17 Food 3.7 9.3 10.7 2.8 6.2 25 -4 154 -1 Fuels and mining products 2.8 6.3 8.2 3.7 7.6 29 5 60 39 Manufactures 24.3 77.6 70.0 1.9 3.6 18 17 13 22 Chemicals 4.7 14.3 13.6 2.8 4.2 19 34 22 31 Other semi-manufactures 1.3 4.9 3.8 1.7 2.7 13 14 10 33 Machinery and transport equipment 15.0 49.6 43.3 2.0 3.8 17 15 7 20 Office and telecom equipment 5.4 19.8 15.7 2.1 4.5 14 0 20 15 Transport equipment 2.9 12.2 8.2 1.7 2.2 10 37 -18 -10 Automotive products 0.7 1.3 1.9 0.3 0.9 33 30 73 18 Other transport equipment 2.2 10.9 6.3 3.4 4.0 5 37 -26 -16 Other machinery 6.7 17.6 19.4 2.1 4.8 24 13 16 44 Textiles 0.3 0.7 0.8 1.1 2.4 25 62 35 15 Clothing 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.6 40 -23 -33 72 Other manufactures 2.7 7.6 7.6 1.5 3.0 21 7 18 30 Personal and household goods 0.1 0.6 0.3 1.6 1.7 -1 -10 4 0 Scientific and controlling instruments 1.6 3.6 4.5 1.8 4.3 28 5 25 34 Miscellaneous manufactures 1.0 3.3 2.8 1.3 2.2 16 12 10 28

European Union (25) Total merchandise exports 58.6 100.0 100.0 1.0 1.6 26 19 41 30 Agricultural products 2.2 5.2 3.8 0.5 0.6 16 9 34 43 Food 0.8 2.0 1.4 0.3 0.3 14 7 28 30 Trade by region Trade Fuels and mining products 2.5 3.7 4.2 0.6 1.1 30 28 37 59 Manufactures 53.4 89.8 91.2 1.0 1.8 27 20 42 28 Chemicals 5.5 9.6 9.4 0.7 1.0 25 28 35 30 Other semi-manufactures 3.7 7.2 6.2 0.8 1.1 22 27 35 20 Machinery and transport equipment 37.6 64.3 64.2 1.4 2.5 26 16 42 30 Office and telecom equipment 5.5 20.3 9.3 1.7 1.7 4 -28 25 36 Transport equipment 8.7 11.1 14.8 0.6 1.3 35 35 63 12 Automotive products 4.5 5.4 7.7 0.4 1.0 38 39 84 -11 Other transport equipment 4.1 5.7 7.1 1.1 2.2 33 30 35 56 Other machinery 23.5 32.8 40.1 2.0 4.2 33 29 38 36 Textiles 0.6 1.2 1.0 0.5 0.8 21 12 28 27 Clothing 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 26 18 27 33 Other manufactures 3.8 5.5 6.6 0.6 1.1 32 31 36 35 Personal and household goods 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.2 0.5 33 17 89 1 Scientific and controlling instruments 1.9 2.6 3.3 1.3 2.5 34 36 46 30 Miscellaneous manufactures 1.5 2.4 2.6 0.4 0.8 29 29 13 55

Japan Total merchandise exports 92.9 100.0 100.0 8.9 16.4 22 24 39 28 Agricultural products 1.2 2.0 1.3 19.1 22.0 9 10 11 17 Food 0.2 0.6 0.2 12.1 8.6 -3 -5 12 8 Fuels and mining products 3.4 3.4 3.6 19.6 30.4 23 2 19 55 Manufactures 88.2 94.3 94.9 8.9 16.8 22 26 40 27 Chemicals 11.0 12.8 11.9 15.5 23.0 19 21 31 37 Other semi-manufactures 3.8 4.5 4.0 9.6 15.7 18 12 36 31 Machinery and transport equipment 54.5 54.8 58.6 7.1 14.7 24 29 43 24 Office and telecom equipment 21.2 22.8 22.9 9.0 20.7 22 29 45 15 Transport equipment 6.6 5.0 7.1 1.9 4.5 33 58 50 22 Automotive products 5.1 3.6 5.5 1.7 4.4 35 69 52 19 Other transport equipment 1.5 1.4 1.6 2.3 4.8 25 30 42 33 Other machinery 26.6 27.0 28.6 10.7 21.8 23 22 40 33 Textiles 3.3 6.9 3.5 41.6 45.8 3 -7 13 15 Clothing 0.2 0.5 0.2 40.9 30.5 -4 14 -12 -12 Other manufactures 9.7 7.7 10.4 7.7 19.3 31 35 69 34 Personal and household goods 0.2 0.0 0.2 3.7 19.0 66 34 157 57 Scientific and controlling instruments 5.2 3.0 5.6 8.5 26.5 42 52 96 29 Miscellaneous manufactures 4.3 4.7 4.6 7.4 14.5 21 22 41 39

Note: Export figures are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by region (Appendix table A2). See the Technical Notes for details.

95 Table III.72 Merchandise imports of the United States, the European Union (25) and Japan from China by major product, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's

total merchandise total imports by Annual percentage Value imports product group change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

United States Total merchandise imports 210.5 100.0 100.0 8.5 13.8 18 22 22 29 Agricultural products 3.5 1.5 1.6 2.3 3.9 22 27 32 22 Food 2.7 1.1 1.3 2.3 4.0 23 30 33 18 Fuels and mining products 2.1 1.3 1.0 0.8 0.8 10 -5 12 93 Manufactures 202.5 96.1 96.2 10.7 17.9 18 22 22 29 Chemicals 4.1 1.8 1.9 2.6 3.5 20 17 26 24 Other semi-manufactures 17.4 7.9 8.3 10.1 16.2 20 23 20 28 Machinery and transport equipment 90.1 34.1 42.8 6.5 14.8 25 32 32 42 Office and telecom equipment 63.0 20.9 29.9 10.5 29.6 29 40 37 47 EDP and office equipment 36.6 10.6 17.4 12.1 38.2 34 42 54 50 Telecommunications equipment 25.0 9.6 11.9 14.4 28.0 25 41 19 43 Integrated circuits 1.4 0.7 0.7 1.6 5.1 15 17 15 53 Textiles 4.6 1.8 2.2 12.2 22.3 24 35 35 27 Clothing 14.4 8.3 6.8 13.3 19.0 13 9 19 20 Other manufactures 70.2 41.6 33.4 31.4 39.7 12 17 14 15 Personal and household goods 29.3 16.2 13.9 42.4 54.0 14 18 15 17 Scientific and controlling instruments 2.3 1.0 1.1 4.9 8.0 20 11 28 31 Miscellaneous manufactures 38.6 24.4 18.3 33.2 41.2 10 16 12 13

European Union (25) Total merchandise imports 157.8 100.0 100.0 2.7 4.2 23 16 41 33 Agricultural products 3.6 2.3 1.7 1.0 1.0 10 -10 29 21 Food 2.5 1.5 1.2 0.8 0.8 12 -10 34 16

Trade by region Trade Fuels and mining products 3.2 1.2 1.5 0.4 0.7 26 -12 43 72 Manufactures 150.7 59.9 71.6 3.3 5.3 24 18 41 32 Chemicals 5.0 2.4 2.4 1.0 1.1 18 12 37 17 Other semi-manufactures 11.9 4.9 5.6 2.6 4.0 22 15 33 38 Machinery and transport equipment 76.5 23.7 36.3 2.5 5.3 32 23 54 41 Office and telecom equipment 50.0 13.5 23.7 4.2 12.6 36 29 61 41 EDP and office equipment 26.2 7.0 12.4 5.0 14.6 36 28 64 38 Telecommunications equipment 21.3 5.9 10.1 5.5 14.4 36 27 56 44 Integrated circuits 2.5 0.5 1.2 0.8 3.6 43 66 70 52 Textiles 3.9 1.8 1.9 3.5 5.8 19 18 32 29 Clothing 16.1 7.9 7.6 10.3 13.2 17 16 27 22 Other manufactures 36.3 18.8 17.3 8.7 10.6 16 13 31 20 Personal and household goods 11.4 5.2 5.4 10.2 13.2 19 12 34 32 Scientific and controlling instruments 1.6 0.7 0.8 1.5 2.3 22 36 20 29 Miscellaneous manufactures 23.3 12.9 11.1 10.6 12.4 14 12 31 15

Japan Total merchandise imports 94.3 100.0 100.0 14.5 20.7 14 7 22 25 Agricultural products 8.5 6.5 4.0 11.3 13.0 5 -1 4 19 Food 7.5 5.5 3.6 12.3 14.2 6 -1 4 21 Fuels and mining products 5.3 3.0 2.5 3.3 4.2 13 -2 33 38 Manufactures 79.8 41.2 37.9 20.9 31.2 16 9 24 25 Chemical 3.0 1.5 1.4 6.1 8.7 17 3 27 35 Other semi-manufactures 5.5 2.6 2.6 18.2 27.6 18 13 23 29 Machinery and transport equipment 34.0 12.1 16.1 12.2 27.3 27 26 35 32 Office and telecom equipment 20.6 6.0 9.8 10.5 32.1 34 35 39 35 EDP and office equipment 12.0 2.8 5.7 11.0 44.3 41 62 53 30 Telecommunications equipment 7.1 2.6 3.4 20.8 44.2 26 11 22 37 Integrated circuits 1.5 0.5 0.7 3.0 7.2 27 18 25 82 Textiles 2.8 1.9 1.3 41.2 49.6 8 1 13 14 Clothing 17.5 13.7 8.3 74.7 80.9 4 -7 13 13 Other manufactures 15.6 8.9 7.4 26.1 35.1 13 7 18 20 Personal and household goods 6.1 4.0 2.9 44.1 53.2 9 2 12 15 Scientific and controlling instruments 1.6 0.4 0.8 5.3 14.2 36 47 66 41 Miscellaneous manufactures 7.9 4.5 3.8 26.5 36.4 13 8 18 19

96 Table III.73 Merchandise exports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-04

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Destination ASEAN (10) All other regions World

Origin Total Asia Other regions

Value Indonesia 1990 2.57 23.11 15.31 7.80 25.68 2000 11.46 53.95 28.36 25.59 65.40 2003 10.73 53.38 29.69 23.69 64.11 2004 13.00 59.33 27.86 31.48 72.33 Malaysia 1990 8.62 20.83 9.65 11.18 29.45 2000 26.06 72.17 32.93 39.24 98.23 2003 25.97 79.00 38.46 40.54 104.97 2004 31.74 94.77 46.53 48.23 126.50 Philippines 1990 0.59 7.52 2.59 4.93 8.12 2000 5.46 34.32 13.20 21.12 39.78 2003 6.58 30.44 15.43 15.01 37.03 2004 6.88 32.81 19.54 13.27 39.69 Singapore a 1990 13.57 39.16 15.16 24.00 52.73 2000 41.53 96.27 45.00 51.27 137.80 2003 40.18 104.01 54.34 49.67 144.18 2004 49.37 130.25 69.11 61.14 179.62 Thailand 1990 2.75 20.32 6.78 13.54 23.07 2000 13.38 55.68 23.44 32.24 69.06 2003 16.55 63.79 29.84 33.95 80.33 2004 21.16 76.25 37.29 38.97 97.41 ASEAN (10) 1990 28.95 115.20 ...... 144.15 2000 103.55 328.42 ...... 431.97 2003 104.52 355.37 ...... 459.90 2004 127.63 424.16 ...... 551.79

Share

Indonesia 2000 2.7 12.5 6.6 5.9 15.1 by region Trade 2004 2.4 10.8 5.0 5.7 13.1 Malaysia 2000 6.0 16.7 7.6 9.1 22.7 2004 5.8 17.2 8.4 8.7 22.9 Philippines 2000 1.3 7.9 3.1 4.9 9.2 2004 1.2 5.9 3.5 2.4 7.2 Singapore a 2000 9.6 22.3 10.4 11.9 31.9 2004 8.9 23.6 12.5 11.1 32.6 Thailand 2000 3.1 12.9 5.4 7.5 16.0 2004 3.8 13.8 6.8 7.1 17.7 ASEAN (10) 2000 24.0 76.0 ...... 100.0 2004 23.1 76.9 ...... 100.0

Annual percentage change Indonesia 2000-04 3 2 0 5 3 2003 8 8 12 4 8 2004 21 11 -6 33 13 Malaysia 2000-04 5 7 9 5 7 2003 7 13 17 10 12 2004 22 20 21 19 21 Philippines 2000-04 6 -1 10 -11 0 2003 19 -2 16 -15 1 2004 5 8 27 -12 7 Singapore a 2000-04 4 8 11 4 7 2003 5 19 25 14 15 2004 23 25 27 23 25 Thailand 2000-04 12 8 12 5 9 2003 23 17 22 12 18 2004 28 20 25 15 21 ASEAN (10) 2000-04 5 7 ...... 6 2003 10 13 ...... 13 2004 22 19 ...... 20 a Includes significant re-exports.

97 Table III.74 Merchandise imports of ASEAN countries by region, 1990-04

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Origin ASEAN (10) All other regions World

Destination Total Asia Other regions

Value Indonesia 1990 1.88 19.96 10.12 9.83 21.84 2000 8.44 35.16 11.81 23.35 43.60 2003 10.03 32.21 10.19 22.02 42.24 2004 13.05 41.84 14.51 27.34 54.90 Malaysia 1990 5.65 23.61 12.12 11.49 29.26 2000 19.72 62.24 33.73 28.51 81.96 2003 20.09 63.52 34.74 28.79 83.62 2004 25.21 80.07 44.46 35.61 105.29 Philippines 1990 1.37 11.67 5.22 6.45 13.04 2000 5.46 31.56 14.55 17.02 37.03 2003 6.80 32.70 17.43 15.27 39.50 2004 8.07 34.28 21.25 13.03 42.35 Singapore a 1990 12.45 48.32 20.78 27.54 60.77 2000 39.82 94.72 41.83 52.89 134.55 2003 36.64 91.30 39.76 51.54 127.93 2004 43.28 120.57 54.54 66.03 163.85 Thailand 1990 4.37 28.68 15.82 12.86 33.05 2000 10.31 51.62 26.88 24.73 61.92 2003 12.61 63.20 34.63 28.56 75.81 2004 15.84 79.51 45.57 33.94 95.35 ASEAN (10) 1990 26.31 136.02 ...... 162.33 2000 89.49 291.18 ...... 380.67 2003 94.40 306.34 ...... 400.74 2004 115.33 384.78 ...... 500.11

Trade by region Trade Share Indonesia 2000 2.2 9.2 3.1 6.1 11.5 2004 2.6 8.4 2.9 5.5 11.0 Malaysia 2000 5.2 16.4 8.9 7.5 21.5 2004 5.0 16.0 8.9 7.1 21.1 Philippines 2000 1.4 8.3 3.8 4.5 9.7 2004 1.6 6.9 4.2 2.6 8.5 Singapore a 2000 10.5 24.9 11.0 13.9 35.3 2004 8.7 24.1 10.9 13.2 32.8 Thailand 2000 2.7 13.6 7.1 6.5 16.3 2004 3.2 15.9 9.1 6.8 19.1 ASEAN (10) 2000 23.5 76.5 ...... 100.0 2004 23.1 76.9 ...... 100.0

Annual percentage change Indonesia 2000-04 12 4 5 4 6 2003 21 7 -6 15 10 2004 30 30 42 24 30 Malaysia 2000-04 6 7 7 6 6 2003 10 3345 2004 25 26 28 24 26 Philippines 2000-04 10 2 10 -6 3 2003 19 4 10 -2 6 2004 19 5 22 -15 7 Singapore a 2000-04 2 6 7 6 5 2003 2 13 16 11 10 2004 18 32 37 28 28 Thailand 2000-04 11 11 14 8 11 2003 16 18 18 16 17 2004 26 26 32 19 26 ASEAN (10) 2000-04 7 7 ...... 7 2003 10 11 ...... 10 2004 22 26 ...... 25

a Includes significant imports for re-export.

98 Table III.75 Leading exporters and importers of commercial services in Asia, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

Asia 450.4 100.0100.0 107 9 27

Japan 94.9 23.8 21.1 7 2 8 25 China 62.1 9.813.8 2020 18 34 Hong Kong, China 53.6 12.6 11.9 8 9 6 18 Korea, Republic of 40.0 9.7 8.9 8 -3 15 27 India 39.6 ... 8.8 ... 14 21 ...

Singapore 36.5 9.58.1 63 2 19 Taipei, Chinese 25.5 6.5 5.7 6 9 7 11 Australia 24.8 5.95.5 87 18 20 Thailand 18.9 4.54.2 818 3 21 Malaysia 16.7 4.53.7 53 -9 24

New Zealand 7.8 1.4 1.7 16 18 25 23 Macao, China 7.6 1.1 1.7 23 19 17 44 Indonesia a 6.7 1.6 1.5 ... 22 -21 ... Philippines 4.1 1.30.9 1-3 9 24 Viet Nam a 3.5 0.9 0.8 ... 5 11 ...

Importers

Asia 511.7 100.0100.0 85 8 25

Japan 134.0 31.326.2 40 3 22 by region Trade China 71.6 9.714.0 1918 19 31 Korea, Republic of 49.6 8.9 9.7 11 11 10 25 India 40.9 ... 8.0 ... 5 23 ... Singapore 36.2 7.47.1 75 -1 23

Taipei, Chinese 29.9 6.9 5.8 4 2 4 20 Hong Kong, China 29.8 6.6 5.8 5 4 1 16 Australia 25.6 4.95.0 97 19 22 Thailand 23.0 4.14.5 1114 9 28 Indonesia a 21.3 4.2 4.2 ... 8 2 ...

Malaysia 18.8 4.53.7 3-2 7 8 New Zealand 6.8 1.2 1.3 11 10 18 24 Pakistan 5.1 ... 1.0 ... -5 48 ... Philippines 5.1 1.71.0 -6-22 19 5 Viet Nam a 4.5 0.9 0.9 ... 9 13 ... a Includes Secretariat estimates.

99 Table III.76 Trade in commercial services of Japan, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Total commercial services 94.9 100.0 100.0 134.0 100.0 100.0

Transportation 32.1 34.9 33.9 42.7 30.3 31.9 Sea transport 22.1 22.9 23.3 29.3 18.2 21.8 Air transport 10.0 12.0 10.5 13.4 12.1 10.0 Other transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Travel 11.3 11.5 11.9 38.3 27.6 28.5

Other commercial services 51.5 53.6 54.3 53.0 42.1 39.6 Communications services 0.5 1.1 0.5 0.6 1.0 0.5 Construction services 6.9 8.0 7.2 4.8 3.5 3.6 Insurance services 1.1 0.2 1.1 3.4 1.8 2.6 Financial services 4.4 3.9 4.6 2.7 1.6 2.0 Computer and information services 1.0 2.1 1.1 2.2 2.7 1.6 Royalties and license fees 15.7 13.9 16.5 13.6 9.5 10.2 Other business services 21.9 24.1 23.1 24.6 21.0 18.4 Personal, cultural, and recreational services 0.1 0.2 0.1 1.1 1.1 0.8 Trade by region Trade

Table III.77 Trade in commercial services of China, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Total commercial services 62.1 100.0 100.0 71.6 100.0 100.0

Transportation 12.1 12.2 19.4 24.5 29.0 34.3 Sea transport ... 5.1 ...... 17.1 ... Air transport ... 3.5 ...... 4.4 ... Other transport ... 3.6 ...... 7.5 ...

Travel 25.7 53.8 41.5 19.1 36.6 26.7

Other commercial services 24.2 34.0 39.1 27.9 34.4 39.0 Communications services 0.4 4.5 0.7 0.5 0.7 0.7 Construction services 1.5 2.0 2.4 1.3 2.8 1.9 Insurance services 0.4 0.4 0.6 6.1 6.9 8.6 Financial services 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 Computer and information services 1.6 1.2 2.6 1.3 0.7 1.7 Royalties and license fees 0.2 0.3 0.4 4.5 3.6 6.3 Other business services 20.0 25.4 32.2 13.9 19.4 19.4 Personal, cultural, and recreational services 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

100 Table III.78 Trade in commercial services of Taipei, Chinese, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Total commercial services 25.5 100.0 100.0 29.9 100.0 100.0

Transportation 5.3 20.7 20.7 8.1 24.5 27.2 Sea transport 2.6 11.5 10.1 6.2 15.1 20.9 Air transport 2.7 9.2 10.7 1.9 9.4 6.3 Other transport 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Travel 4.0 18.8 15.8 8.2 31.8 27.4

Other commercial services 16.2 60.5 63.4 13.6 43.7 45.4 Communications services 0.3 1.5 1.3 0.5 2.1 1.7 Construction services 0.2 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.7 1.9 Insurance services 0.4 3.1 1.5 1.2 2.3 4.0 Financial services 1.1 4.0 4.5 0.9 4.1 3.0 Computer and information services 0.1 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.9 0.8 Royalties and license fees 0.3 1.9 1.1 1.7 7.2 5.6 Other business services 13.7 48.7 53.8 8.3 24.9 27.7 Personal, cultural, and recreational services 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.6 0.8 Trade by region Trade

Table III.79 Trade in commercial services of Korea, Republic of, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Share Value Share

2004 2000 2004 2004 2000 2004

Total commercial services 40.0 100.0 100.0 49.6 100.0 100.0

Transportation 22.4 46.0 56.0 17.9 33.5 36.1 Sea transport ...... Air transport ...... Other transport ......

Travel 5.7 23.0 14.3 12.0 21.6 24.1

Other commercial services 11.9 31.0 29.7 19.8 44.8 39.8 Communications services 0.4 1.3 1.0 0.7 1.9 1.5 Construction services 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Insurance services 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.8 Financial services 1.1 2.4 2.7 0.2 0.6 0.4 Computer and information services 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.3 Royalties and license fees 1.8 2.3 4.5 4.5 9.8 9.0 Other business services 8.4 24.2 20.9 13.4 31.3 27.1 Personal, cultural, and recreational services 0.1 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.8

101 9. Least-developed countries

Table III.80 Ratio of exports of goods and commercial services to GDP of least-developed countries, 2003 (Million dollars and percentage)

Value Ratio to GDP

GDP Goods and Goods Commercial services commercial services

2003 2000 2003 2000 2003 2000 2003

Total LDCs 207400 25 27 21 24 4 4

Afghanistan ...... Angola 13189 92 ... 89 ... 3 ... Bangladesh 51897 14 14 14 14 1 1 Benin 3499 23 21 17 17 6 5 Bhutan 645 25 21 22 17 3 4 Burkina Faso 4182 9 9 8 8 1 1 Burundi 66986 76 00 Cambodia 4299 51 60 39 48 12 12 Cape Verde 831 26 32 7 6 19 25 Central African Republic 1198 18 11 17 10 1 0 Chad 2648 15 19 13 17 2 2 Comoros 323 24 ... 6 ... 18 ... Congo, Dem. Rep. of 5600 22 26 21 23 2 3 Djibouti 625 18 20 6 6 12 14 Equatorial Guinea 2894 94 103 93 102 1 1 Eritrea 734 14 ... 6 ... 8 ... Ethiopia 6638 13 16 7 8 6 9 Gambia 386 45 42 30 26 15 16 Guinea 3626 22 18 21 17 1 2 Guinea-Bissau 236 31 30 29 28 2 2 Trade by region Trade Haiti 2745 13 16 9 12 4 4 Kiribati 58 ...... Lao People's Dem. Rep. 2036 27 24 19 18 8 5 Lesotho 1135 29 ... 25 ... 4 ... Liberia 442 ...... Madagascar 5459 29 19 21 16 8 4 Malawi 1731 26 25 24 23 2 2 Maldives 696 73 83 17 22 55 62 Mali 4326 26 26 23 21 4 5 Mauritania 1128 40 ... 37 ... 3 ... Mozambique 4320 19 27 10 20 9 7 Myanmar 9731 22 29 17 26 5 3 Nepal 5835 22 17 14 12 7 5 Niger 2730 18 15 16 13 2 2 Rwanda 1637 6 7 4 4 2 3 Samoa 323 26 ... 6 ... 20 ... Sao Tome and Principe 54 34 ... 6 ... 28 ... Senegal 6496 29 27 21 19 8 8 Sierra Leone 793 8 22 2 14 6 8 Solomon Islands 257 41 39 24 29 17 10 Somalia ...... Sudan 17793 15 14 15 14 0 0 Tanzania 9872 14 18 7 11 6 6 Timor Leste 314 ...... Togo 1759 33 44 30 38 4 5 Tuvalu ...... Uganda 6198 11 14 8 9 3 5 Vanuatu 283 63 42 12 9 51 33 Yemen 10831 42 39 40 36 2 2 Zambia 4299 27 28 23 24 4 4

Memorandum item:

World 36356200 25 25 20 20 5 5

Note: Trade in goods is derived from balance of payments statistics and does not correspond to the merchandise trade statistics given elsewhere in this report. Data are estimated for most countries. See the Technical Notes.

102 Table III.81 Merchandise exports and imports of least-developed countries by selected country grouping, 2004 (Million dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Value Annual percentage change Value Annual percentage change

2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Least developed countries 61825 14 10 16 34 71233 13 5 22 17

Oil Exporters 29168 18 17 20 52 16945 22 25 27 19 Angola 13850 15 27 14 46 6500 21 18 46 19 Equatorial Guinea 5190 47 21 33 76 1410 33 -29 142 15 Yemen 4150 0 -1 12 11 4190 16 18 26 14 Sudan 3778 20 15 30 49 4075 27 25 18 41 Chad 2200 86 -2 141 393 770 25 142 -38 -24

Exporters of manufactures 17022 9 5 9 19 23728 7 -6 18 14 Bangladesh 8150 6 1 14 17 12026 8 -5 21 15 Myanmar 2850 15 28 -18 15 2220 -2 -18 -11 6 Cambodia 2798 19 28 10 32 3170 13 11 12 22 Madagascar 990 5 -48 76 16 1230 5 -37 84 11 Nepal 756 -2 -23 17 14 1870 4 -4 24 7 Lesotho 726 35 33 29 51 1400 15 9 38 26 Haiti 391 5 2 24 13 1306 6 12 5 10 Lao People's Dem. Rep. 361 2 -10 20 1 506 -1 -18 12 5

Exporters of commodities 15635 15 7 17 22 30561 14 6 24 19 Zambia 1576 24 -6 2 67 2143 21 -4 24 38 Senegal 1529 14 6 25 15 2710 16 17 18 13 Mozambique 1504 43 -6 58 44 1970 14 19 39 12 Congo, Dem. Rep. of 1413 17 14 19 10 1873 16 35 28 33 Tanzania 1338 19 13 39 10 2490 13 -1 30 14 Mali 1123 19 21 5 22 1320 13 -12 31 16 Togo 771 21 20 44 25 1050 17 7 46 21 Guinea 700 1 -3 -14 15 690 3 11 -4 8 by region Trade Benin 672 14 20 24 21 865 9 23 10 16 Ethiopia 639 7 5 5 27 3080 25 -8 29 44 Uganda 635 8 4 12 19 1491 -1 -29 14 15 Burkina Faso 445 21 10 33 37 1155 17 13 25 25 Malawi 441 4 -9 13 -4 792 10 23 1 13 Afghanistan 420 23 150 40 20 2300 43 50 53 0 Mauritania 410 3 -8 4 22 400 6 -5 1 11 Niger 370 7 3 22 9 560 9 8 23 14 Somalia 310 13 4 -25 39 610 15 1 14 18 Liberia 235 -8 -4 15 -13 900 8 -2 11 32 Maldives 172 12 20 15 13 645 13 0 20 37 Bhutan 165 13 7 18 24 400 23 3 26 61 Sierra Leone 139 81 69 88 51 286 18 45 15 -5 Central African Republic 120 -7 4 -17 -2 150 6 12 9 15 Rwanda 99 17 -24 -3 57 285 8 -12 4 10 Solomon Islands 97 9 23 28 31 100 2 -26 22 22 Guinea-Bissau 81 7 -14 28 17 86 10 -6 19 25 Burundi 47 -2 -22 25 24 176 4 -7 21 13 Djibouti 41 7 13 3 11 275 7 1 21 16 Vanuatu 37 9 0 35 37 128 10 -13 18 22 Eritrea 35 -1 174 -33 0 650 8 27 10 10 Gambia 22 10 30 -8 83 200 2 10 25 8 Cape Verde 15 8 10 18 15 386 14 18 27 10 Comoros 15 21 33 25 -25 115 13 20 33 -4 Samoa 11 -6 -7 7 -27 168 12 4 1 23 Sao Tome and Principe 6 19 90 33 -10 45 11 9 36 7 Kiribati 2 -16 -29 -22 -20 48 5 5 -7 20 Tuvalu 0 78 736 9 -33 18 38 217 40 16 Timor Leste ......

Memorandum item:

World a 9153000 9 5 16 21 9495000 9 4 16 21 a Includes significant re-exports or imports for re-export. Note: Data for 2004 are largely estimated.

103 Chart III.19 Merchandise exports of least-developed countries by selected product group and destination, 2003 (Percentage)

Agricultural products Manufactures

Asia 9%

Others Europe Europe 7% 36% Asia 49% 39% North America Others North 35% 18% America 7%

Food Clothing

Asia 3% Others

Europe Europe

Trade by region Trade Asia 41% 46% 27% North America Others 51% 23%

North America 9%

Fuels All products

Asia Asia Europe Europe 53% 30% 11% 30%

North North Others America America 15% 34% 25%

Autres 2%

Note: Estimates are based on import statistics of partners

104 Chart III.20 Exports of least-developed countries by major product, 2003 (Percentage of total value)

Fuels

Clothing

Food

2000

Raw materials 2003

Other semi-manufactures

Textiles

Others

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 Trade by region Trade

105 Table III.82 Imports of agricultural products, fuels and manufactures of the European Union (25), Asia and North America from least-developed countries, 2004 (Million dollars and percentage)

Annual Annual Annual percentage percentage percentage Value change Value change Value change

2004 2003 2004 2003 2002 2003 2004 2003 2004 b

European Union (25) Asia a North America

A. Agricultural products

Total LDCs 3176 13 3 Total LDCs 3023 -13 37 Total LDCs 705 22 8

Madagascar 376 28 0 Myanmar 925 -13 23 Bangladesh 191 -3 107 Senegal 313 4 -7 Tanzania 206 -8 41 Madagascar 156 53 -20 Tanzania 295 13 4 Benin 164 2 118 Liberia 95 30 58 Uganda 287 13 9 Solomon Islands 113 8 48 Cambodia 47 -6 ... Bangladesh 233 22 -5 Mali 110 -33 182 Ethiopia 43 20 24 Malawi 194 16 -14 Lao People's Dem. Rep. 104 -80 466 Malawi 36 -8 -43 Ethiopia 189 21 20 Equatorial Guinea 96 -40 67 Uganda 25 141 -37 Sudan 144 11 23 Mauritania 92 -1 62 Haiti 18 -7 0 Mozambique 121 15 3 Burkina Faso 91 6 163 Comoros 16 -10 237 Mauritania 115 6 -7 Bangladesh 91 -6 2 Tanzania 14 1 -19 Congo, Dem. Rep. of 83 32 64 Mozambique 90 75 -15 Mozambique 8 -14 31 Others (39) 826 6 5 Others (39) 942 -14 24 Others (39) 56 19 -53

B. Fuels and mining products

Total LDCs 4174 -3 23 Total LDCs 10627 -7 63 Total LDCs 7322 35 21 Angola 1059 -36 6 Angola 3390 59 46 Angola 4755 37 6 Mozambique 919 24 65 Yemen 3372 -34 114 Equatorial Guinea 1410 75 20 Equatorial Guinea 854 41 -5 Sudan 2040 11 33 Chad 818 ...... Trade by region Trade Mauritania 306 2 30 Myanmar 780 -93 ... Congo, Dem. Rep. of 107 -19 -25 Guinea 295 -13 18 Equatorial Guinea 369 -11 -7 Guinea 81 6 -14 Congo, Dem. Rep. of 225 47 -5 Zambia 243 -32 53 Yemen 60 -74 -8 Tanzania 105 18 838 Rwanda 79 199 4 Zambia 28 102 178 Zambia 101 64 79 Tanzania 71 124 -6 Guinea-Bissau 28 ......

Others (42) 311 10 123 Others (42) 283 8 -11 Others (42) 35 862 -39

C. Manufactures Total LDCs 9232 16 16 Total LDCs 1381 -11 19 Total LDCs 6077 12 8 Bangladesh 5064 35 30 Bangladesh 435 -6 26 Bangladesh 2649 4 10 Cambodia 736 16 31 Nepal 209 3 9 Cambodia 1651 21 18 Liberia 718 143 -33 Myanmar 186 -8 61 Lesotho 502 23 18 Congo, Dem. Rep. of 503 -46 -5 Cambodia 164 18 -8 Haiti 374 35 13 Myanmar 497 4 34 Senegal 138 34 -11 Madagascar 357 114 64 Madagascar 247 7 32 Tanzania 40 -19 127 Nepal 165 12 -14 Lao People's Dem. Rep. 159 3 21 Bhutan 37 15 38 Equatorial Guinea 103 70 -3 Equatorial Guinea 147 250 -13 Vanuatu 27 ... 39 Maldives 86 -16 -15 Angola 145 -47 -48 Zambia 18 46 -15 Angola 33 610 54 Niger 137 35 64 Lao People's Dem. Rep. 17 -69 456 Malawi 30 106 20 Sierra Leone 127 55 20 Sudan 15 51 -24 Congo, Dem. Rep. of 22 30 -41 Sudan 125 1 187 Angola 14 -56 ... Tanzania 13 11 6 Nepal 114 5 18 Congo, Dem. Rep. of 11 190 1739... Myanmar 13 -22 -96

Others (37) 1753 170 15 Others (37) 70 -77 8 Others (37) 78 11 24

a Australia, China, Hong Kong, China; India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea Rep. of , Malaysie, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore and Taipei Chinese. b Excludes Mexico.

106 Table III.83 Exports of commercial services of least-developed countries by category, 2003

(Million dollars and percentage)

Value Share in commercial services

Commercial Transport Travel Other services services

2003 2000 2003 2000 2003 2000 2003

Total LDCs 7400 20 22 47 50 33 28

Afghanistan ...... Angola ... 6 ...... 94 ... Bangladesh 398 32 18 18 14 50 68 Benin 159 14 ... 61 ... 25 ... Bhutan 25 ...... Burkina Faso 44 13 ... 67 ... 20 ... Burundi 2433237322036 Cambodia 518 17 16 72 75 11 9 Cape Verde 211 44 50 40 40 16 9 Central African Republic 6 4 ... 51 58 45 ... Chad 48 2 3 65 65 33 32 Comoros ... 13 ... 81 ... 6 ... Congo, Dem. Rep. of 148 ...... Djibouti 87 76 78 12 8 12 14 Equatorial Guinea 24 3 ... 50 80 47 ... Eritrea ... 18 ... 64 ... 18 ... Ethiopia 588 56 51 15 19 30 30 Gambia 61 ...... 76 79 ...... Guinea 55 58 12 7 ... 34 88 Guinea-Bissau 5 12 15 ... 37 ... 48 Haiti 116 ...... 81 80 ...... Kiribati ...... Lao People's Dem. Rep. 110 15 23 85 77 0 0 Lesotho ... 2 ... 67 ... 31 ... Trade by region Trade Liberia ...... Madagascar 202 16 29 39 37 45 34 Malawi 36 26 ... 74 ... 0 ... Maldives 429 6 5 93 94 1 2 Mali 208 36 21 44 62 20 18 Mauritania ... 1 ... 20 ... 79 ... Mozambique 300 30 30 23 33 47 37 Myanmar 277 17 29 35 21 48 50 Nepal 302 15 12 38 66 47 22 Niger 57 ...... Rwanda 54 34 34 57 56 8 10 Samoa ...... 90 ...... Sao Tome and Principe ... 2 ... 76 ... 22 ... Senegal 489 10 ... 44 ... 47 ... Sierra Leone 66 46 5 27 91 27 5 Solomon Islands 25 2 8 8 6 90 86 Somalia ...... Sudan 31 63 29 22 56 15 15 Tanzania 627 10 12 65 71 25 17 Timor Leste ...... Togo 92 23 ... 18 ... 59 ... Tuvalu ...... Uganda 284 15 15 81 65 4 20 Vanuatu 92 24 24 47 57 28 19 Yemen 245 12 21 42 57 46 22 Zambia 165 37 ... 58 ... 5 ...

Memorandum item:

World 1804700 23 23 32 29 45 48

Note: Data are estimated for most countries. The improvement of the quality of data in recent years may have resulted in changes relating to the breakdown of exports of commercial services by category of services. See the Technical Notes.

107 Trade by region Trade

108 IV. Trade by sector 1. Overview

Chart IV.1 World merchandise exports by product, 2000 and 2004 (Percentage of total value)

Machinery and transport equipment a

Fuels and mining products

Office and telecom equipment

Chemicals

Automotive products

Agricultural products

Other manufactures

Other semi-manufactures 2000 2004 Iron and steel

Clothing

Textiles

0510 15 20 a Excluding automotive products and office and telecom equipment (throughout this report they are included with machinery and transport equipment, unless otherwise noted). Trade by sector Trade

109 Table IV.1 World merchandise exports by product, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Total merchandise a 8907 100.0 100.0 9 17 21 Agricultural products 783 8.8 8.8 9 16 15 Food 627 6.9 7.0 10 17 14 Fish 70 0.9 0.8 7 11 14 Other food products 557 6.0 6.3 10 17 14 Raw materials 156 1.9 1.8 7 15 18 Fuels and mining products 1281 13.9 14.4 10 23 32 Ores and other minerals 116 1.1 1.3 15 24 43 Fuels 993 10.8 11.1 10 24 31 Non-ferrous metals 172 2.0 1.9 8 14 36 Manufactures 6570 74.8 73.8 9 16 20 Iron and steel 266 2.3 3.0 17 26 46 Chemicals 976 9.3 11.0 14 20 21 Pharmaceuticals 247 1.7 2.8 23 23 20 Other chemicals 729 7.6 8.2 11 19 22 Other semi-manufactures 633 7.1 7.1 9 14 19 Machinery and transport equipment 3474 41.8 39.0 7 14 19 Office and telecom equipment 1134 15.4 12.7 4 12 19 EDP and office equipment 420 5.9 4.7 3 12 14 Telecommunications equipment 383 4.6 4.3 8 12 25 Integrated circuits and electronic components 330 4.9 3.7 2 11 19 Transport equipment 1206 13.2 13.5 10 15 17 Automotive products 847 9.2 9.5 10 16 16 Other transport equipment 359 4.0 4.0 9 13 19 Other machinery 1134 13.2 12.7 8 15 21 Textiles 195 2.5 2.2 6 12 13 Clothing 258 3.1 2.9 7 15 11 Other manufactures 769 8.6 8.6 9 16 19 Personal and household goods 165 1.9 1.9 9 16 15 Trade by sector Trade Scientific and controlling instruments 188 1.9 2.1 12 21 27 Miscellaneous manufactures 415 4.8 4.7 8 14 16

a Includes unspecified products. They accounted for 3 per cent of world merchandise exports in 2004.

110 Chart IV.2 World exports of commercial services by category, 1990, 2000 and 2004

(Percentage of total value)

1990 2000 Transportation 2004

Travel

Other commercial services

0 1020304050 Trade by sector Trade

Table IV.2 World exports of commercial services by category, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Value Share Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

All commercial services 2125 100.0 100.0 9 7 14 18 Transportation 500 23.4 23.6 10 4 14 23

Travel 625 32.0 29.4 7 4 10 18

Other commercial services 1000 44.5 47.0 11 10 16 16

Note: Exports of transportation services are significantly under-reported. See the Technical Notes.

111 2. Agricultural products

Table IV.3 Table IV.4 Major regional flows in world exports of agricultural World trade in agricultural products, 2004 products, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 783 Value Annual percentage change

Annual percentage change 2004 2000-04 2003 2004 1980-85 -2 Intra-Europe 297.4 11 23 14 1985-90 9 1990-95 7 Intra-Asia 84.0 7 9 16 1995-00 -1 Intra-North America 59.7 5 4 13 2000-04 9 2002 6 North America to Asia 40.0 2 16 4

2003 16 South and Central America to 2004 15 Europe 26.3 10 19 18 South and Central America to Share in world merchandise trade 8.8 North America 14.6 6 14 14 Share in world exports of primary products 37.9

Table IV.5 Chart IV.3 Share of agricultural products in trade in total Regional shares in world trade in agricultural products, merchandise and in primary products by region, 2004 2004

Trade by sector Trade (Percentage) (Percentage) Exports Imports

Share of agricultural products in total merchandise Europe World 8.8 8.8 North America 9.9 6.2 South and Central America 28.9 9.4 Asia Europe 9.1 9.7 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 9.0 13.7 Africa 12.1 14.5 North America Middle East 2.4 11.1 Exports Asia 6.0 8.4 Imports South and Central Share of agricultural products in primary products America World 37.9 37.9 North America 49.8 30.8 Africa South and Central America 46.7 34.2 Europe 54.8 45.4 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 14.4 53.1 Commonwealth of Africa 17.0 54.0 Independent States (CIS) Middle East 3.1 64.3 Asia 43.7 30.2 Middle East Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

112 Table IV.6 Exports of agricultural products by region, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 783.1 - - 100.0 100.0 9 16 15 Europe World 367.7 100.0 100.0 44.3 47.0 11 21 14 Europe 297.4 78.9 80.9 35.0 38.0 11 23 14 Asia 19.9 6.1 5.4 2.7 2.5 8 12 19 North America 19.1 5.4 5.2 2.4 2.4 10 14 10 Africa 10.5 3.3 2.9 1.4 1.3 7 13 10 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 9.1 2.0 2.5 0.9 1.2 17 24 23 Middle East 7.3 2.5 2.0 1.1 0.9 5 20 7 South and Central America 2.9 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.4 -1 5 4 Asia World 143.1 100.0 100.0 18.3 18.3 9 11 18 Asia 84.0 62.3 58.7 11.4 10.7 7 9 16 Europe 21.0 14.7 14.6 2.7 2.7 9 18 18 North America 19.2 13.3 13.4 2.4 2.5 9 12 17 Middle East 7.8 4.3 5.5 0.8 1.0 16 18 36 Africa 4.8 2.9 3.3 0.5 0.6 13 13 20 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2.2 1.1 1.5 0.2 0.3 19 28 6 South and Central America 1.5 1.0 1.1 0.2 0.2 10 12 27 North America World 131.0 100.0 100.0 20.9 16.7 3 9 9 North America 59.7 42.6 45.5 8.9 7.6 5 4 13 Asia 40.0 31.6 30.5 6.6 5.1 2 16 4 Europe 16.0 13.7 12.2 2.9 2.0 0 9 4 South and Central America 7.5 5.4 5.7 1.1 1.0 5 4 13 Africa 3.7 2.8 2.8 0.6 0.5 4 5 13 Middle East 2.6 2.7 2.0 0.6 0.3 -4 7 10 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.2 0.9 0.9 0.2 0.2 5 2 47 South and Central America World 79.9 100.0 100.0 9.5 10.2 11 18 20 Europe 26.3 33.9 33.0 3.2 3.4 10 19 18 Asia 17.0 15.9 21.3 1.5 2.2 19 34 32 North America 14.6 21.8 18.3 2.1 1.9 6 14 14 South and Central America 10.4 18.7 13.0 1.8 1.3 1 3 10 Africa 4.2 3.1 5.2 0.3 0.5 27 16 48

Middle East 3.9 3.8 4.8 0.4 0.5 18 12 28 by sector Trade Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 3.2 2.1 4.0 0.2 0.4 31 22 22 Africa World 28.0 100.0 100.0 3.4 3.6 10 19 19 Europe 13.8 50.4 49.3 1.7 1.8 10 17 14 Africa 5.2 18.3 18.6 0.6 0.7 11 25 13 Asia 5.0 18.4 18.0 0.6 0.6 10 21 33 North America 1.3 4.8 4.8 0.2 0.2 10 13 10 Middle East 1.1 5.6 3.8 0.2 0.1 0 20 8 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.6 1.0 2.1 0.0 0.1 32 26 41 South and Central America 0.1 0.8 0.3 0.0 0.0 -14 15 -20 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) World 23.9 100.0 100.0 2.4 3.1 16 25 26 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 7.9 27.6 33.1 0.7 1.0 21 49 32 Asia 6.3 27.9 26.5 0.7 0.8 14 13 36 Europe 6.2 34.3 25.7 0.8 0.8 8 14 12 Middle East 1.0 2.2 4.2 0.1 0.1 37 40 14 Africa 0.7 1.6 3.1 0.0 0.1 36 -28 37 North America 0.5 3.1 2.1 0.1 0.1 5 2 4 South and Central America 0.2 0.5 0.8 0.0 0.0 30 -72 1243 Middle East World 9.3 100.0 100.0 1.1 1.2 11 2 11 Middle East 3.5 40.9 37.6 0.5 0.4 9 -6 -4 Europe 2.5 30.6 26.6 0.3 0.3 7 16 17 Asia 1.2 12.7 12.5 0.1 0.1 11 15 28 All other regions 1.3 12.7 13.6 0.1 0.2 13 18 9

113 Table IV.7 Imports of agricultural products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

Canada a United States

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2000-04 2003 2004 2004 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Region Region

World 19320 100.0 6 10 8 World 88112 100.0 6 8 14

North America 12319 63.8 5 7 6 North America 33764 38.3 5 1 17 Asia 2389 12.4 11 11 15 Asia 19709 22.4 8 15 16 Europe 2375 12.3 7 16 8 Europe 16980 19.3 8 11 9 South and Central America 1721 8.9 8 21 8 South and Central America 15279 17.3 6 11 12 Africa 362 1.9 14 36 16 Africa 1593 1.8 8 24 8 CIS 98 0.5 17 14 20 CIS 429 0.5 1 -3 3 Middle East 55 0.3 7 39 4 Middle East 358 0.4 13 26 4

Suppliers Suppliers

United States 11857 61.4 5 7 6 Canada 24950 28.3 4 -2 18 European Union (25) 2212 11.4 7 20 8 European Union (25) 15815 17.9 8 11 9 China 542 2.8 24 37 39 Mexico 8811 10.0 8 12 14 Mexico 462 2.4 14 21 11 China 3464 3.9 22 32 22 Brazil 426 2.2 9 15 2 Brazil 3306 3.8 10 21 16

Above 5 15499 80.2 6 10 7 Above 5 56346 63.9 7 6 15 Thailand 348 1.8 4 9 -1 Chile 3136 3.6 9 11 15 Chile 340 1.8 15 24 22 Thailand 2729 3.1 0 14 5 Australia 323 1.7 4 -6 -8 Australia 2638 3.0 11 9 17 New Zealand 283 1.5 12 6 2 Indonesia 2343 2.7 10 22 27 Indonesia 188 1.0 14 18 24 New Zealand 2007 2.3 10 5 23

Colombia 178 0.9 2 22 2 Colombia 1393 1.6 1 12 9 Costa Rica 135 0.7 11 34 -1 India 1296 1.5 3 8 11 India 131 0.7 9 25 18 Ecuador 1234 1.4 6 10 0 South Africa 131 0.7 11 17 20 Costa Rica 1091 1.2 0 7 -2 Viet Nam 114 0.6 20 26 68 Viet Nam 1029 1.2 17 22 -2

Guatemala 109 0.6 2 12 31 Guatemala 931 1.1 3 11 2 Argentina 96 0.5 -4 21 -8 Philippines 877 1.0 5 13 11 Malaysia 95 0.5 11 5 61 Argentina 832 0.9 0 -5 16 Peru 90 0.5 13 10 15 Malaysia 820 0.9 14 33 48

Trade by sector Trade Russian Federation 90 0.5 15 46 23 Japan 714 0.8 0 2 7

Côte d'Ivoire 85 0.4 25 63 21 Peru 579 0.7 16 12 25 Korea, Republic of 84 0.4 14 11 24 Honduras 569 0.6 4 -2 16 Ecuador 83 0.4 2 2 -11 Korea, Republic of 538 0.6 7 12 10 Uruguay 75 0.4 10 767 -4 Côte d'Ivoire 527 0.6 15 45 20 Philippines 68 0.4 11 6 24 Dominican Republic 506 0.6 2 5 -1

Japan 63 0.3 4 7 7 Taipei, Chinese 450 0.5 -3 -3 11 Taipei, Chinese 58 0.3 7 4 12 Uruguay 411 0.5 41 125 182 Switzerland 54 0.3 9 7 23 Russian Federation 391 0.4 1 -6 3 Turkey 40 0.2 15 19 25 Turkey 389 0.4 9 21 6 Morocco 39 0.2 -2 5 -2 Nicaragua 281 0.3 4 2 25 Honduras 35 0.2 34 -13 35 South Africa 279 0.3 2 18 14 Norway 34 0.2 -9 -35 -8 Israel 254 0.3 16 28 13 Hong Kong, China 33 0.2 -1 3 0 Switzerland 241 0.3 1 17 14 Nigeria 32 0.2 59 140 167 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 206 0.2 -4 1 45 Nicaragua 26 0.1 19 25 160 Norway 190 0.2 -3 2 -9

Dominican Republic 23 0.1 30 -6 35 Bangladesh 188 0.2 5 -3 109 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 21 0.1 1 71 -13 Iceland 184 0.2 -3 -12 5 Israel 20 0.1 19 23 25 Panama 157 0.2 0 8 -5 Jamaica 18 0.1 -6 11 -10 Madagascar 141 0.2 35 48 -23 Madagascar 15 0.1 65 400 50 Singapore 130 0.1 -2 22 -11

Above 40 19056 98.6 - - - Above 40 86027 97.6 - - -

114 Table IV.7 (continued) Imports of agricultural products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

European Union (25) Japan

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2000-04 2003 2004 2004 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

Region Region

World 373779 100.0 10 22 13 World 65427 100.0 1 6 12

Europe 280338 75.0 11 24 13 Asia 27126 41.5 3 4 18 South and Central America 30566 8.2 11 21 16 North America 21804 33.3 -2 6 4 Asia 22685 6.1 8 20 16 Europe 8485 13.0 4 9 13 Africa 16709 4.5 10 21 8 South and Central America 4509 6.9 4 5 22 North America 15702 4.2 0 9 5 CIS 1991 3.0 1 18 16 CIS 5029 1.3 8 1 11 Africa 1411 2.2 0 6 5 Middle East 2304 0.6 8 14 20 Middle East 101 0.2 -5 3 13

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 266113 71.2 11 24 13 United States 16111 24.6 -3 8 -1 Brazil 12748 3.4 13 24 20 China 8501 13.0 5 4 19 United States 11474 3.1 0 7 3 European Union (25) 7466 11.4 5 11 14 Argentina 6098 1.6 12 18 11 Australia 5381 8.2 7 8 38 Canada 3665 1.0 -1 18 13 Canada 5167 7.9 0 1 18

Above 5 300098 80.3 11 23 12 Above 5 42626 65.2 1 7 12

China 3646 1.0 10 29 21 Thailand 3083 4.7 2 7 1 Norway 3388 0.9 3 10 9 Russian Federation 1969 3.0 1 18 18 Turkey 3350 0.9 14 21 27 Brazil 1746 2.7 10 5 39 Russian Federation 3206 0.9 6 8 11 Chile 1665 2.5 4 10 24 Indonesia 2936 0.8 9 16 21 Korea, Republic of 1582 2.4 -5 -2 10

South Africa 2657 0.7 13 19 8 Indonesia 1518 2.3 -1 2 1 New Zealand 2623 0.7 11 20 9 Taipei, Chinese 1435 2.2 4 6 14 Switzerland 2541 0.7 11 21 20 New Zealand 1343 2.1 2 5 21 Australia 2537 0.7 6 3 18 Viet Nam 973 1.5 12 16 22 Chile 2517 0.7 14 22 23 Malaysia 930 1.4 -2 0 15

Côte d'Ivoire 2499 0.7 10 31 -9 Philippines 909 1.4 3 4 14 Malaysia 2428 0.6 13 35 19 South Africa 679 1.0 10 17 14 Thailand 2289 0.6 5 27 13 India 577 0.9 -10 -15 28 Morocco 1871 0.5 13 20 11 Norway 547 0.8 -4 -14 5 India 1849 0.5 6 17 18 Mexico 525 0.8 4 3 19 by sector Trade

Ecuador 1472 0.4 14 23 10 Singapore 250 0.4 -4 5 16 Colombia 1428 0.4 5 17 12 Colombia 213 0.3 -1 -10 28 Iceland 1330 0.4 10 14 10 Peru 185 0.3 13 -16 26 Costa Rica 1312 0.4 12 22 14 Argentina 158 0.2 -10 12 -37 Israel 1195 0.3 8 15 23 Ecuador 143 0.2 -10 -1 -5

Ukraine 1067 0.3 23 -18 17 Turkey 132 0.2 15 44 35 Ghana 1065 0.3 21 28 28 Iceland 117 0.2 -5 17 8 Cameroon 1009 0.3 6 37 -1 Mauritania 112 0.2 9 92 42 Kenya 980 0.3 9 15 17 Sri Lanka 103 0.2 -4 18 -5 Viet Nam 946 0.3 13 49 27 Ghana 99 0.2 22 67 -12

Peru 875 0.2 8 18 12 Panama 93 0.1 34 36 -10 Romania 815 0.2 16 38 25 Myanmar 92 0.1 4 8 29 Tunisia 793 0.2 21 36 139 Papua New Guinea 88 0.1 -10 5 -3 Bulgaria 633 0.2 20 3 25 Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of 84 0.1 -8 -31 -7 Uruguay 622 0.2 18 17 23 Ethiopia 74 0.1 6 8 63

Philippines 579 0.2 9 17 1 Guatemala 73 0.1 -4 -11 18 Mexico 559 0.1 5 9 7 Morocco 72 0.1 -30 -32 -59 Japan 534 0.1 5 4 20 Greenland 66 0.1 -9 15 -6 Serbia and Montenegro 515 0.1 25 1 20 Switzerland 57 0.1 10 14 14 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 510 0.1 2 7 16 Croatia 56 0.1 32 17 -2

Above 40 358674 96.0 - - - Above 40 64374 98.4 - - -

a Imports are valued f.o.b.

115 Table IV.8 Leading exporters and importers of agricultural products, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 344.52 - - 41.5 44.0 11 9 21 13 extra-EU (25) exports 78.41 - - 10.1 10.0 9 9 16 12 United States 79.57 17.0 14.3 12.9 10.2 3 -2 11 4 Canada 40.10 5.0 5.4 6.3 5.1 4 -3 3 19 Brazil 30.85 3.4 2.4 2.8 3.9 19 4 26 27 China 24.12 1.5 2.4 3.0 3.1 10 13 18 9

Australia 22.10 3.3 2.8 3.0 2.8 8 3 -5 35 Argentina 17.08 1.9 1.8 2.2 2.2 9 0 24 13 Thailand a 16.27 1.2 1.9 2.2 2.1 7 0 25 8 Russian Federation a 13.84 - - 1.4 1.8 15 17 21 25 Malaysia 13.13 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.7 13 27 26 14

Indonesia 12.37 1.6 1.0 1.4 1.6 12 28 10 24 New Zealand 12.16 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.6 12 4 14 24 Mexico a 11.36 0.8 0.8 1.6 1.5 6 2 12 14 Chile 9.12 0.4 0.7 1.2 1.2 9 -6 14 22 India a 8.96 1.0 0.8 1.2 1.1 10 12 13 13

Above 15 655.55 - - 83.5 83.7 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 373.78 - - 42.4 44.6 10 8 22 13 extra-EU (25) imports 107.67 - - 13.3 12.9 8 4 17 13 United States 88.11 8.7 9.0 11.6 10.5 6 5 8 14 Japan 65.43 9.6 11.5 10.4 7.8 1 -3 6 12 China 42.28 2.1 1.8 3.3 5.1 21 9 40 39 Canada b 19.37 1.8 2.0 2.6 2.3 6 5 10 8

Russian Federation a 16.17 - - 1.5 1.9 16 11 18 15 Korea, Republic of 16.04 1.5 2.2 2.2 1.9 6 8 6 11 Mexico a, b 15.44 1.2 1.2 1.8 1.8 9 4 9 11

Trade by sector Trade Hong Kong, China 11.181. 2----1.9 2.0 1.3 -1 -2 0 3 retained imports 7.07 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.8 2 0 1 9 Taipei, Chinese 9.01 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.1 3 3 10 13

Switzerland 7.87 1.2 1.3 1.0 0.9 8 7 20 9 India a 7.27 0.5 0.4 0.7 0.9 16 5 27 13 Malaysia 7.03 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 11 4 2 37 Indonesia 6.64 0.6 0.5 1.0 0.8 4 -2 3 22 Thailand a 6.43 0.3 0.7 0.8 0.8 10 5 12 12

Above 15 687.92 - - 83.2 82.7 - - - -

a Includes Secretariat estimates. b Imports are valued f.o.b.

116 Table IV.9 Exports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-04 (Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise exports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World 414723 I 552185 586252 682137 783103 8.8 8.8 Argentina 7482 11933 12157 15133 17082 45.3 49.6 Australia 11628 16446 17276 16337 22101 26.6 22.8 Bangladesh 329 426 395 414 571 6.7 7.0 Belize 99 166 66 174 ... 76.3 85.0 Bolivia 245 457 466 522 650 31.4 28.8 Brazil 9779 15467 19176 24205 30853 28.1 32.0 Bulgaria ... 605 832 940 1242 12.6 12.5 Cameroon 723 659 720 886 1066 36.0 42.8 Canada 22339 34789 32644 33694 40100 12.6 12.7 Chile 2779 6399 6561 7466 9124 33.3 28.5 China 10060 16384 18796 22158 24121 6.6 4.1 Colombia b 2514 3121 2917 3003 3424 23.9 21.1 Costa Rica b 927 I 1812 1718 1926 2239 30.9 35.6 Côte d'Ivoire 2374 2308 3321 3562 ... 59.4 64.8 Ecuador 1236 1948 2483 2798 2785 39.5 36.5 Egypt b 669 613 798 945 1095 13.1 14.3 El Salvador b 237 577 413 434 470 19.6 14.3 Ethiopia 260 I 406 347 451 ... 83.5 88.0 European Union (25) - 229313 251063 304570 344523 9.4 9.3 intra-EU (25) exports - 173280 190711 234516 266113 10.5 10.6 extra-EU (25) exports - 56033 60352 70054 78410 7.1 6.5 Guatemala 849 1622 1279 1345 ... 60.2 51.0 Honduras b 680 782 587 640 736 57.1 47.9 Hong Kong, China 4556 5693 4864 4788 4634 2.8 1.7 domestic exports 821 454 416 446 517 1.9 2.6 re-exports 3735 5240 4448 4342 4116 2.9 1.7 Iceland 1274 1257 1456 1550 1778 66.5 61.4 India b 3506 6401 7025 7935 8964 14.1 11.6 Indonesia 4154 7764 9020 9942 12366 11.9 17.1 Iran, Islamic Rep. of b 601 932 1164 1575 1687 3.3 3.8 Israel b 1327 1182 1582 1819 1520 3.8 3.9 Japan 3298 4395 4472 4817 5468 0.9 1.0 Kenya 559 1062 1416 1358 1387 61.3 51.5 Korea, Republic of 2985 4298 3924 4324 4984 2.5 2.0 Madagascar 224 298 414 453 ... 36.5 59.2 Malaysia 7500 8015 9134 11511 13127 8.2 10.4 Mauritius 396 283 476 485 550 18.2 27.5 Mexico b 3466 9100 8936 9978 11358 5.5 6.0 Morocco b 1228 I 1746 1809 2039 1861 23.5 19.1

New Zealand 5966 7642 8552 9778 12157 57.6 59.7 by sector Trade Nicaragua 295 547 459 468 628 84.8 83.0 Norway 3077 4244 4363 4509 5007 7.1 6.1 Pakistan 1081 1234 1209 1470 1570 13.7 11.7 Paraguay b 863 699 801 1066 1406 80.4 86.5 Peru 813 1911 1962 2003 2676 27.2 21.3 Philippines b 1683 2026 1980 2385 2569 5.1 6.5 Romania 184 829 881 1111 1381 8.0 5.9 Russian Federation b - 7855 9111 11047 13836 7.4 7.5 Singapore 4095 3723 3361 3247 3835 2.7 2.1 domestic exports 1183 1202 1248 1426 1771 1.5 1.8 re-exports 2912 2521 2113 1821 2064 4.3 2.5 South Africa 1691 I 2366 2600 3285 3619 7.9 7.9 Sri Lanka b 758 1093 1060 1123 1199 20.1 20.8 Sudan 367 395 369 407 ... 21.9 16.0 Switzerland 2244 2521 2626 3074 3661 3.1 3.1 Taipei, Chinese 3732 3509 3441 3750 4346 2.4 2.5 Tanzania ... 432 459 551 618 65.9 42.2 Thailand b 7786 12242 12021 15081 16266 17.7 16.7 Tunisia 418 548 517 619 1130 9.4 11.7 Turkey 3300 3828 3978 5257 6501 13.8 10.3 Ukraine b - 1585 2665 3100 3920 10.9 12.0 United States 59404 71408 68757 76244 79567 9.1 9.7 Uruguay 1025 1278 1140 1401 1862 55.7 63.1 Viet Nam b ... 3954 4631 5650 ... 27.4 28.0 Zimbabwe b 754 1146 828 795 885 59.6 58.2 a Or nearest year. b Includes Secretariat estimates.

117 Table IV.10 Imports of agricultural products of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise imports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Algeria 2766 2815 3363 3361 4362 30.8 24.0 Argentina 326 1509 633 927 1144 6.0 5.1 Australia b 2707 4234 4077 5180 5930 5.9 5.6 Bangladesh 835 1923 1838 2108 2364 21.7 19.7 Belarus - 1227 1403 1607 2001 14.2 12.2 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela b 986 1970 1635 1613 2435 12.2 16.2 Bosnia and Herzegovina - ...... 702 1047 17.7 Brazil 2690 5162 4151 4517 4446 8.8 6.7 Cameroon 315 294 359 415 481 19.7 20.0 Canada b 9009 15272 16296 17991 19374 6.4 7.1 Chile 461 1421 1404 1642 1922 7.7 7.7 China 7855 19544 21848 30482 42279 8.7 7.5 Colombia 593 1736 1833 1899 2149 15.0 12.8 Croatia - 777 1125 1414 1624 9.9 9.8 Dominican Republic c 413 1093 1179 998 1066 11.5 13.6 Egypt c 4793 4208 4048 3221 3511 30.0 27.4 El Salvador c 158 692 789 869 943 14.0 15.0 European Union (25) d - 252289 272588 332089 373779 9.9 9.9 extra-EU (25) imports - 79112 81812 95654 107666 8.6 8.4 Ghana 123 444 596 570 900 14.9 22.1 Guatemala 196 673 888 931 ... 13.8 13.9 Honduras c 108 511 522 599 647 17.9 16.5 Hong Kong, China 8325 11728 10855 10814 11183 5.5 4.1 retained imports 4591 6488 6407 6472 7067 18.6 25.9 India c 1721 3900 5069 6426 7265 7.6 7.5 Indonesia 2126 5727 5269 5438 6638 13.1 12.1 Iran, Islamic Rep. of c 3830 2943 2370 3216 3634 21 10.5 Israel 1565 2288 2320 2486 2920 6.4 7.1 Jamaica c 314 544 591 520 ... 16.3 14.3 Japan 50762 62185 55089 58457 65427 16.4 14.4 Jordan 709 942 928 1089 1500 20.5 18.5 Kenya 260 474 443 496 572 15.3 12.6 Korea, Republic of 9531 12837 13543 14421 16036 8.0 7.1 Kuwait 589 1312 ...... 18.3 16.1 Lebanon c ... 1210 1313 1404 1740 19.4 18.5 Madagascar 71 133 81 183 ... 14.1 16.8 Malaysia 2404 4610 5017 5139 7027 5.6 6.7 Mauritius 255 346 457 464 551 16.5 19.8 Mexico b, c 5374 10989 12693 13850 15440 6.3 7.8 Morocco 1096 I 1941 2054 2041 2478 16.8 14.1 Nepal 126 240 ... 394 ... 15.2 22.5 New Zealand 756 1204 1429 1668 1855 8.7 8.0 Nigeria 658 1212 1804 2398 ... 20.8 16.1 Trade by sector Trade Norway 2090 2956 3304 3823 4319 8.6 9.0 Oman 506 1158 1298 1188 1213 23.0 13.7 Pakistan 1568 1882 1854 2116 2886 17.3 16.1 Peru 668 998 1148 1214 1481 13.5 14.7 Philippines c 1665 3104 3023 3158 3441 8.4 8.1 Romania 1249 1092 1369 1981 2422 8.4 7.4 Russian Federation c - 8831 11936 14109 16171 19.8 16.8 Saudi Arabia 3487 5663 5513 6259 ... 18.7 16.9 Senegal 494 394 546 750 ... 25.9 31.4 Singapore 4702 4890 4673 4776 5287 3.6 3.2 retained imports 1789 2369 2560 2956 3223 3.1 3.9 South Africa b 1219 I 1650 1693 2199 2980 6.2 6.2 Sri Lanka c 549 934 921 948 1032 13.0 6.5 Switzerland 5920 5693 6036 7216 7867 6.9 7.0 Syrian Arab Republic 791 850 859 1185 ... 22.3 Taipei, Chinese 6203 7899 7209 7959 9010 5.6 5.4 Thailand c 3230 4473 5085 5719 6433 7.2 6.7 Tunisia 819 968 1244 1225 1440 11.3 11.3 Turkey 2806 4133 3981 5265 6059 7.6 6.2 Ukraine c - 1092 1308 2467 2235 7.8 7.7 United Arab Emirates 1726 2962 3400 3608 ... 11.1 9.1 United States 39966 69115 71515 77273 88112 5.5 5.8 Viet Nam 236 1269 1834 ...... 8.1 9.3

a Or nearest year. b Imports are valued f.o.b. c Includes Secretariat estimates. d See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU imports.

118 3. Fuels and mining products

Table IV.11 Table IV.12 Major regional flows in world exports of World trade in fuels and mining products, 2004 fuels and mining products, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 1281 Value Annual percentage change

Annual percentage change 2004 2000-04 2003 2004 1980-85 -5 1985-90 3 Intra-Europe 243.7 11 22 25

1990-95 2 Middle East to Asia 170.9 8 29 27 1995-00 10 Intra-Asia 152.9 11 21 34 2000-04 10 Intra-North America 99.1 9 27 25 2002 0 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2003 23 to Europe 87.4 12 24 29 2004 32 Africa to Europe 48.6 5 17 19 Share in world merchandise trade 14.4 Share in world exports of primary products 62.1 South and Central America to North America 34.7 2 0 40

Table IV.13 Chart IV.4 Share of fuels and mining products in trade in Regional shares in world trade in fuels and mining total merchandise and in primary products by products, 2004 region, 2004 (Percentage) (Percentage)

Exports Imports

Europe by sector Trade Share of mining products in total merchandise World 14.4 14.4 North America 10.0 13.9 Asia South and Central America 33.0 18.0 Europe 7.5 11.7 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 53.5 12.1 North America Africa 59.1 12.3 Exports Middle East 74.6 6.2 Imports Asia 7.7 19.4 Middle East Share of fuels and mining products in primary products World 62.1 62.1 Commonwealth of Independent States North America 50.2 69.2 (CIS) South and Central America 53.3 65.8 Europe 45.2 54.6 Africa Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 85.6 46.9 Africa 83.0 46.0 Middle East 96.9 35.7 South and Central Asia 56.3 69.8 America

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

119 Table IV.14 Exports of fuels and mining products by region, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-042003 2004

World 1280.6 . . 100.0 100.0 10 23 32

Europe ...... World 302.9 100.0 100.0 23.6 23.7 10 22 26 Europe 243.7 79.8 80.5 18.8 19.0 11 22 25 North America 30.0 11.0 9.9 2.6 2.3 7 15 31 Asia 10.9 3.5 3.6 0.8 0.9 11 14 31 Africa 5.3 1.6 1.8 0.4 0.4 12 26 44 Middle East 3.6 0.9 1.2 0.2 0.3 20 34 56 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.8 0.6 0.6 0.1 0.1 10 22 29 South and Central America 1.5 0.6 0.5 0.1 0.1 3 -2 18 Middle East ...... World 290.9 100.0 100.0 23.7 22.7 9 24 32 Asia 170.9 61.3 58.7 14.5 13.3 8 29 27 Europe 40.3 16.5 13.9 3.9 3.2 4 21 31 North America 36.3 12.2 12.5 2.9 2.8 10 33 29 Africa 9.0 3.9 3.1 0.9 0.7 3 16 33 Middle East 3.6 2.1 1.2 0.5 0.3 -4 11 4 South and Central America 2.3 0.8 0.8 0.2 0.2 10 1 54 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -3 23 0 Asia ...... World 184.4 100.0 100.0 14.4 14.4 10 20 34 Asia 152.9 80.7 82.9 11.6 11.9 11 21 34 Europe 11.8 6.2 6.4 0.9 0.9 11 25 32 North America 9.1 6.2 4.9 0.9 0.7 4 1 49 Middle East 3.2 0.9 1.7 0.1 0.3 29 15 32 South and Central America 1.9 1.5 1.0 0.2 0.1 0 1 49 Africa 1.2 0.5 0.6 0.1 0.1 14 38 32 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 23 19 79 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) ...... World 142.2 100.0 100.0 9.9 11.1 13 27 35 Europe 87.4 64.3 61.5 6.3 6.8 12 24 29 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 19.0 14.2 13.4 1.4 1.5 12 8 38 Asia 12.1 7.4 8.5 0.7 0.9 17 46 42 North America 11.7 7.2 8.2 0.7 0.9 17 50 45 South and Central America 4.5 5.6 3.1 0.6 0.3 -2 -1 40

Trade by sector Trade Middle East 2.9 0.8 2.0 0.1 0.2 44 62 50 Africa 0.9 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.1 57 4 289 Africa ...... World 137.0 100.0 100.0 10.0 10.7 12 28 44 Europe 48.6 46.5 35.5 4.6 3.8 5 17 19 North America 36.7 25.3 26.8 2.5 2.9 14 57 45 Asia 25.4 17.3 18.6 1.7 2.0 14 27 69 Africa 7.9 4.7 5.8 0.5 0.6 18 30 39 South and Central America 6.0 3.6 4.4 0.4 0.5 18 37 91 Middle East 0.7 1.0 0.5 0.1 0.1 -5 14 28 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 13 165 -28 North America ...... World 132.1 100.0 100.0 10.8 10.3 9 25 26 North America 99.1 75.4 75.0 8.2 7.7 9 27 25 Asia 13.6 9.5 10.3 1.0 1.1 11 24 38 Europe 12.4 9.8 9.4 1.1 1.0 8 -2 42 South and Central America 6.0 4.3 4.5 0.5 0.5 10 54 6 Middle East 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 6 4 6 Africa 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.1 0.0 -3 17 14 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 15 29 81 South and Central America ...... World 91.2 100.0 100.0 7.6 7.1 8 14 41 North America 34.7 47.3 38.1 3.6 2.7 2 0 40 South and Central America 21.6 24.1 23.7 1.8 1.7 8 29 31 Europe 17.0 14.4 18.6 1.1 1.3 15 21 49 All other regions 17.9 14.2 19.7 1.1 1.4 17 23 48

120 3.1 Fuels

Table IV.15 Table IV.16 World trade in fuels, 2004 Major regional flows in world exports of fuels, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 993 Value Annual percentage change

Annual percentage change 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

1980-85 -5 Middle East to Asia 167.8 8 29 27 1985-90 0 Intra-Europe 161.1 10 24 22 1990-95 1 1995-00 12 Intra-Asia 103.7 10 20 31

2000-04 10 Intra-North America 79.0 9 34 23

2002 0 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2003 24 to Europe 74.7 15 25 27

2004 31 Africa to Europe 42.6 4 17 17 Share in world merchandise trade 11.1

Share in world exports of primary products 48.1

Table IV.17 Chart IV.5 Share of fuels in trade in total merchandise Regional shares in world trade in fuels and in primary products by region, 2004 (Percentage) (Percentage)

Exports Imports

Europe by sector Trade Share of fuels in total merchandise World 11.1 11.1

North America 7.1 11.7 Asia South and Central America 20.2 15.6 Europe 5.0 8.5

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 43.9 9.8 North America Africa 51.9 10.2 Exports Middle East 73.0 4.3 Imports Asia 5.1 14.7 South and Central America Share of fuels in primary products World 48.1 48.1 Africa North America 35.9 58.1 South and Central America 32.7 57.0 Commonwealth Europe 29.9 39.6 of Independent Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 70.2 37.9 States (CIS) Africa 72.9 37.9 Middle East 94.7 24.8 Middle East Asia 37.0 53.0

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

121 Table IV.18 Imports of fuels of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 (Million dollars and percentage)

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

European Union (25) United States

Region Region

World 330067 100.0 27 25 World 216377 100.0 34 33

Europe 147451 44.7 28 22 North America 70068 32.4 36 21 CIS 71143 21.6 32 32 South and Central America 41891 19.4 24 39 Africa 45057 13.7 25 20 Africa 36751 17.0 63 50 Middle East 36564 11.1 18 35 Middle East 35139 16.2 36 30 North America 5943 1.8 1 64 Europe 21267 9.8 14 33 Asia 5649 1.7 25 51 CIS 5654 2.6 68 46 South and Central America 3966 1.2 -2 32 Asia 5607 2.6 5 54

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 104790 31.7 29 18 Canada 49709 23.0 39 18 Russian Federation 59456 18.0 33 27 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 23646 10.9 17 46 Norway 39744 12.0 27 34 Saudi Arabia 21806 10.1 41 16 Saudi Arabia 16831 5.1 33 38 Mexico 20359 9.4 28 27 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 16294 4.9 37 36 Nigeria 17064 7.9 76 57 Algeria 13632 4.1 19 13 European Union (25) 16381 7.6 29 36 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 8763 2.7 53 28 Iraq 9053 4.2 29 84 Kazakhstan 6730 2.0 23 95 Algeria 7901 3.7 99 56 Nigeria 5636 1.7 49 -7 Russian Federation 4961 2.3 69 38 South Africa 3163 1.0 21 48 Angola 4755 2.2 37 6

Above 10 275038 83.3 - - Above 10 175636 81.2 - -

Japan China

Region Region

World 99469 100.0 24 23 World 47993 100.0 51 64

Middle East 60999 61.3 27 23 Middle East 17136 35.7 56 51 Asia 31819 32.0 19 18 Asia 13688 28.5 43 45

Trade by sector Trade Africa 2915 2.9 0 69 Africa 10136 21.1 63 105 North America 2024 2.0 2 45 CIS 4698 9.8 64 96 CIS 1468 1.5 116 61 South and Central America 997 2.1 1731 138 Europe 185 0.2 81 -48 Europe 818 1.7 -46 99 South and Central America 60 0.1 64 12 North America 494 1.0 77 91 Suppliers Suppliers

United Arab Emirates 18093 18.2 24 28 Saudi Arabia 5427 11.3 53 44 Saudi Arabia 18084 18.2 25 27 Angola 4717 9.8 103 114 Indonesia 9115 9.2 24 11 Oman 4271 8.9 37 116 Australia 8402 8.4 8 28 Russian Federation 4188 8.7 63 100 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 8201 8.2 58 11 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 3983 8.3 43 34 Qatar 7829 7.9 24 21 Korea, Republic of 3212 6.7 47 65 Kuwait 5740 5.8 9 26 Singapore 2299 4.8 53 49 Malaysia 4092 4.1 26 5 Viet Nam 1730 3.6 16 98 China 3285 3.3 26 29 Sudan 1659 3.5 24 16 Korea, Republic of 2917 2.9 14 16 Yemen 1456 3.0 263 -6

Above 10 85757 86.2 - - Above 10 32944 68.6 - -

122 Table IV.19 Imports of fuels of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise imports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Argentina 333 860 426 478 922 3.4 4.1 Australia b 2170 5898 5067 6557 9520 8.3 9.0 Bahrain 1827 2107 1726 2130 2830 45.5 43.0 Bangladesh 566 585 576 662 669 6.6 5.6 Belarus - 2585 2334 3038 4525 29.9 27.7 Bosnia and Herzegovina - ...... 255 550 ... 9.3 Brazil 6045 8872 7549 8014 12264 15.1 18.6 Bulgaria ... 1680 270 428 570 25.8 3.9 Canada b 7313 12481 10884 15116 19360 5.2 7.1 Chile 1099 3014 2530 3315 4656 16.3 18.7 China 1259 20637 19285 29189 47993 9.2 8.6 Costa Rica c 219 486 462 568 633 7.6 7.7 Côte d'Ivoire ... 838 534 606 ... 30.1 17.1 Croatia - 1145 1310 1555 1987 14.5 12.0 Ecuador 38 281 289 669 799 7.5 10.2 Egypt c 243 1063 499 563 1086 7.6 8.5 El Salvador c 140 595 504 622 681 12.0 10.9 European Union (25) d - 216323 208342 265064 330067 8.4 8.7 extra-EU (25) imports - 147397 139601 176344 225277 16.0 17.6 Ghana ... 629 233 597 ... 21.2 18.6 Guatemala 278 620 771 921 ... 12.7 13.7 Honduras c 153 382 401 460 ... 13.4 14.0 Hong Kong, China 1996 4533 4141 4679 6418 2.1 2.4 retained imports 1567 4102 3838 4343 5977 11.8 21.9 India c 6495 17839 19588 22424 33187 34.7 32.0 Indonesia 1937 6071 6558 7664 8221 13.9 15.0 Israel 1354 3587 3118 3759 4696 10.0 11.5 Jamaica 380 586 628 ...... 17.6 17.8 Japan 56777 77425 65636 81165 99469 20.4 21.9 Jordan 471 194 762 933 1565 4.2 19.3 Kazakhstan - 572 658 922 ... 11.3 11.0 Kenya 424 642 513 802 1109 20.7 24.3 Korea, Republic of 11023 38077 32442 38630 50279 23.7 22.4 Lebanon c ... 1029 926 1121 2065 16.5 22.0 Malaysia 1487 3940 3781 4610 6615 4.8 6.3 Mauritius 132 244 224 260 364 11.7 13.1 Mexico b, c 1125 5232 4448 5684 8098 3.0 4.1 Morocco 1168 2039 1839 2216 2942 17.7 16.7 Nepal 50 236 ... 281 ... 15.0 16.0 New Zealand c 727 1446 1405 1738 2460 10.4 10.6 Nicaragua 121 307 236 287 446 17.0 20.2 Norway 1178 1193 1214 1769 2059 3.5 4.3

Pakistan 1529 3598 3004 3070 3903 33.1 21.7 by sector Trade Panama c 244 627 520 366 522 18.6 14.8 Paraguay c 192 297 280 385 481 13.5 18.1 Peru 327 1156 1034 1457 1886 15.6 18.7 Philippines c 1943 4095 3273 3990 5659 11.1 13.4 Romania 2906 1583 1992 2619 3885 12.1 11.9 Russian Federation c - 1542 1118 1412 1760 3.5 1.8 Serbia and Montenegro - 745 1070 728 ... 20.1 9.2 Singapore 9632 16219 15204 17329 24321 12.1 14.8 retained imports 9545 16106 13869 15789 22907 21.3 27.7 South Africa b 88 3826 3269 4105 6886 14.4 14.4 Sri Lanka c 333 551 836 737 1130 7.7 7.1 Switzerland 3155 3747 3509 4193 5275 4.5 4.7 Taipei, Chinese 5953 13030 11648 15203 21499 9.3 12.9 Tanzania ... 294 197 406 417 19.2 16.7 Thailand c 3084 7549 8682 9009 13370 12.2 14.0 Trinidad and Tobago 143 1068 1012 1014 ... 32.3 26.1 Tunisia 493 902 888 692 1377 10.5 10.8 Turkey 4622 9501 9026 11575 14407 17.4 14.8 Ukraine c - 5997 6652 7856 10160 43.0 35.0 United States 68741 139622 121927 163252 216377 11.1 14.2 Uruguay 254 530 294 481 735 15.3 23.6 Viet Nam c ... 2113 2165 2430 3570 13.5 15.0 a Or nearest year. b Imports are valued f.o.b. c Includes Secretariat estimates. d See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU (25) imports.

123 4. Manufactures

Table IV.20 Table IV.21 Major regional flows in world exports of manufactures, World trade in manufactures, 2004 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 6570 Value Annual percentage change

Annual percentage change 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

1980-85 2 Intra- Europe 2333.7 11 20 18 1985-90 15 Intra-Asia 931.2 10 21 25 1990-95 9 Intra-North America 555.5 1 2 12 1995-00 5 Asia to North America 497.6 5 8 20 2000-04 9

2002 5 Asia to Europe 375.6 10 24 26

2003 16 Europe to North America 314.8 7 10 13 2004 20

Share in world merchandise trade 73.8

Table IV.22 Chart IV.6 Share of manufactures in total merchandise trade Regional shares in world trade in manufactures, 2004 by region, 2004 (Percentage) (Percentage) Exports Imports Trade by sector Trade World 73.8 73.8 Europe

North America 76.2 77.7 South and Central America 36.3 70.0 Asia Europe 80.2 75.3 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 33.1 73.7 Africa 25.1 71.0 North America Middle East 22.1 80.2 Exports

Asia 83.6 69.9 Imports Middle East Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region.

South and Central America

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

Africa

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

124 Table IV.23 Exports of manufactures by region, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-042003 2004

World 6570.3 . . 100.0 100.0 9 16 20 Europe ...... World 3231.7 100.0 100.0 45.3 49.2 11 19 18 Europe 2333.7 72.1 72.2 32.7 35.5 11 20 18 North America 314.8 11.2 9.7 5.1 4.8 7 10 13 Asia 273.9 8.2 8.5 3.7 4.2 12 20 22 Middle East 92.8 2.4 2.9 1.1 1.4 16 22 24 Africa 81.2 2.4 2.5 1.1 1.2 12 21 19 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 76.7 1.3 2.4 0.6 1.2 30 32 38 South and Central America 45.5 1.9 1.4 0.9 0.7 3 2 21 Asia ...... World 1997.5 100.0 100.0 29.8 30.4 9 18 25 Asia 931.2 44.9 46.6 13.4 14.2 10 21 25 North America 497.6 29.4 24.9 8.7 7.6 5 8 20 Europe 375.6 18.6 18.8 5.5 5.7 10 24 26 Middle East 62.1 2.5 3.1 0.7 0.9 16 22 24 Africa 36.4 1.3 1.8 0.4 0.6 20 28 45 South and Central America 34.0 1.9 1.7 0.6 0.5 7 6 41 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 22.5 0.4 1.1 0.1 0.3 39 74 51 North America ...... World 1008.7 100.0 100.0 20.5 15.4 1 3 14 North America 555.5 55.5 55.1 11.4 8.5 1 2 12 Asia 188.6 18.8 18.7 3.9 2.9 1 5 13 Europe 176.0 17.4 17.4 3.6 2.7 1 6 14 South and Central America 54.8 5.7 5.4 1.2 0.8 0 -3 22 Middle East 20.1 1.6 2.0 0.3 0.3 7 2 23 Africa 9.8 0.8 1.0 0.2 0.1 6 0 29 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 3.8 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.1 14 -2 30 South and Central America ...... World 100.2 100.0 100.0 1.5 1.5 9 12 29 North America 43.9 44.8 43.8 0.7 0.7 8 5 23 South and Central America 31.8 34.6 31.7 0.5 0.5 6 11 39 Europe 14.0 13.7 13.9 0.2 0.2 9 14 40 Asia 7.0 5.0 7.0 0.1 0.1 18 45 10 Africa 2.2 1.2 2.2 0.0 0.0 27 43 42 Middle East 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.0 0.0 25 18 18 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 55 71 59 Trade by sector Trade Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) ...... World 87.9 100.0 100.0 0.9 1.3 19 33 39 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 27.8 30.2 31.7 0.3 0.4 21 43 41 Europe 27.5 32.5 31.3 0.3 0.4 18 30 42 Asia 15.8 17.7 18.0 0.2 0.2 20 17 28 North America 5.9 8.3 6.7 0.1 0.1 13 23 62 Middle East 4.9 5.4 5.6 0.1 0.1 21 15 44 Africa 2.3 2.9 2.7 0.0 0.0 17 30 15 South and Central America 1.6 2.4 1.8 0.0 0.0 11 58 10 Middle East ...... World 86.1 100.0 100.0 1.1 1.3 13 11 22 Europe 20.7 27.2 24.0 0.3 0.3 9 16 29 Asia 20.0 19.2 23.2 0.2 0.3 18 24 34 North America 17.2 28.9 19.9 0.3 0.3 3 7 10 Middle East 14.1 14.6 16.4 0.2 0.2 16 10 -2 Africa 3.8 4.1 4.4 0.0 0.1 15 17 15 South and Central America 1.1 1.8 1.3 0.0 0.0 5 -5 46 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.9 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 13 36 6 Africa ...... World 58.1 100.0 100.0 0.8 0.9 12 24 20 Europe 33.0 58.8 56.8 0.5 0.5 11 28 19 Africa 9.8 16.6 16.9 0.1 0.1 12 17 16 Asia 6.6 10.2 11.4 0.1 0.1 15 31 23 North America 5.1 8.8 8.9 0.1 0.1 12 19 17 Middle East 1.5 3.0 2.6 0.0 0.0 7 4 13 South and Central America 0.7 1.6 1.3 0.0 0.0 6 15 33 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 4 14 21

125 Table IV.24 Trade in manufactures of the United States, the European Union (25) and China by region, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Exports Imports

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

United States 668.7 100.0 100.0 1 3 13 World 1133.9 100.0 100.0 4 6 15 250.0 38.0 37.4 0 3 12 North America 278.4 27.2 24.6 1 1 12 47.5 7.5 7.1 -1 -2 19 South and Central America 39.2 3.1 3.5 7 8 18 12.5 2.2 1.9 -3 -11 24 Brazil 15.6 1.0 1.4 13 6 26 160.3 24.0 24.0 1 5 13 Europe 259.3 21.6 22.9 5 9 11 150.0 22.4 22.4 1 5 13 European Union (25) 240.8 20.2 21.2 5 9 11 3.5 0.3 0.5 13 -7 30 CIS 5.7 0.4 0.5 8 17 47 2.1 0.2 0.3 10 4 14 Russian Federation 4.3 0.3 0.4 13 22 42 9.1 1.1 1.4 6 -2 29 Africa 6.9 0.4 0.6 16 22 24 19.0 2.3 2.8 6 2 23 Middle East 17.4 1.5 1.5 4 8 14 179.1 26.8 26.8 1 5 13 Asia 527.0 45.7 46.5 4 7 17 24.3 1.9 3.6 18 13 22 China 202.5 10.7 17.9 18 22 29 39.1 7.2 5.8 -4 1 6 Japan 127.9 14.9 11.3 -3 -3 10 85.6 13.6 12.8 -1 4 15 Six East Asian traders 145.2 15.3 12.8 0 2 13 European Union (25) 3014.4 100.0 100.0 11 19 18 World 2839.0 100.0 100.0 10 19 18 293.0 11.1 9.7 7 9 12 North America 193.0 9.4 6.8 1 5 10 42.9 1.9 1.4 3 3 22 South and Central America 20.0 0.7 0.7 11 24 23 15.8 0.7 0.5 3 -7 27 Brazil 8.9 0.3 0.3 8 23 27 2187.3 72.5 72.6 11 20 17 Europe 2124.0 72.4 74.8 11 20 17 1983.0 66.3 65.8 11 19 16 European Union (25) 1983.0 68.0 69.8 11 20 17 71.4 1.2 2.4 30 32 38 CIS 21.0 0.5 0.7 19 37 42 49.2 0.8 1.6 31 31 38 Russian Federation 12.9 0.4 0.5 16 37 39 77.0 2.5 2.6 12 21 19 Africa 33.1 1.1 1.2 11 28 15 83.4 2.3 2.8 16 22 23 Middle East 19.4 0.7 0.7 10 19 29 254.2 8.1 8.4 12 20 22 Asia 425.7 14.6 15.0 11 25 22 54.0 1.1 1.8 26 41 27 China 150.7 3.3 5.3 24 41 32 44.8 1.7 1.5 7 13 17 Japan 89.5 4.3 3.2 2 17 13

Trade by sector Trade 90.2 3.3 3.0 8 13 20 Six East Asian traders 128.7 5.0 4.5 7 19 21 China a 542.4 100.0 100.0 25 36 37 World 428.3 100.0 100.0 26 39 30 133.3 24.6 24.6 25 32 36 North America 37.4 11.8 8.7 17 17 26 11.9 2.5 2.2 21 30 55 South and Central America 3.1 0.3 0.7 53 113 5 3.1 0.5 0.6 28 46 75 Brazil 1.7 0.2 0.4 48 132 -2 108.2 18.3 20.0 28 51 38 Europe 69.2 17.5 16.2 24 39 27 101.3 17.1 18.7 28 50 37 European Union (25) 64.9 16.5 15.1 23 39 27 12.8 1.3 2.4 45 88 52 CIS 5.9 1.9 1.4 16 17 -7 8.4 0.9 1.5 43 78 56 Russian Federation 4.0 1.4 0.9 13 4 -12 12.7 2.0 2.3 30 49 38 Africa 1.5 0.2 0.3 37 67 33 16.1 2.5 3.0 30 36 32 Middle East 3.8 0.7 0.9 36 37 47 247.3 48.8 45.6 23 30 35 Asia 307.4 67.6 71.8 28 42 33 60.8 15.0 11.2 16 24 23 Japan 89.6 23.1 20.9 23 40 26 152.1 27.9 28.0 25 32 38 Six East Asian traders 163.2 37.3 38.1 27 38 33

a In 2004, China reported imports from China accounting for nearly 9 percent of its manufacture imports. For further information, see box 2.

126 Table IV.25 Imports of manufactures of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

European Union (25) United States

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 2838977 100.0 19 18 World 1133889 100.0 6 15

Europe 2124013 74.8 20 17 Asia 526984 46.5 7 17 Asia 425665 15.0 25 22 North America 278450 24.6 1 12 North America 193012 6.8 5 10 Europe 259265 22.9 9 11 Africa 33109 1.2 28 15 South and Central America 39205 3.5 8 18 CIS 21014 0.7 37 42 Middle East 17395 1.5 8 14 South and Central America 19981 0.7 24 23 Africa 6938 0.6 22 24 Middle East 19398 0.7 19 29 CIS 5653 0.5 17 47

Suppliers Suppliers European Union (25) 1982991 69.8 20 17 European Union (25) 240761 21.2 9 11 United States 173708 6.1 4 10 China 202543 17.9 22 29 China 150714 5.3 41 32 Canada 158256 14.0 2 12 Japan 89522 3.2 17 13 Japan 127920 11.3 -3 10 Switzerland 67600 2.4 16 16 Mexico 120192 10.6 -1 11 Above 5 2464535 86.8 19 17 Above 5 849672 74.9 6 15

Korea, Republic of 36859 1.3 28 30 Korea, Republic of 45372 4.0 4 24 Turkey 33693 1.2 33 32 Taipei, Chinese 34198 3.0 -2 9 Taipei, Chinese 28889 1.0 15 16 Malaysia 26952 2.4 5 9 Singapore 20680 0.7 26 27 Brazil 15575 1.4 6 26 India 17356 0.6 24 27 Thailand 15503 1.4 0 18

Malaysia 16980 0.6 14 10 India 14550 1.3 11 20 Romania 15492 0.5 35 25 Singapore 14193 1.3 3 0 Thailand 13448 0.5 17 20 Israel 13926 1.2 4 14 Russian Federation 12883 0.5 37 39 Switzerland 10587 0.9 14 8 Norway 12715 0.4 22 13 Hong Kong, China 9002 0.8 -5 5 Canada 12423 0.4 16 7 Indonesia 8487 0.7 -6 9 Hong Kong, China 11876 0.4 9 20 Philippines 8348 0.7 -10 -11 South Africa 9503 0.3 32 20 Turkey 4608 0.4 10 35 Brazil 8947 0.3 23 27 Viet Nam 4288 0.4 133 22 Israel 8798 0.3 4 21 Russian Federation 4271 0.4 22 42 Trade by sector Trade Indonesia 8411 0.3 10 7 Dominican Republic 3849 0.3 5 1 Philippines 7682 0.3 -4 8 South Africa 3380 0.3 21 25 Tunisia 6724 0.2 20 12 Australia 3357 0.3 0 23 Morocco 5601 0.2 18 14 Honduras 3093 0.3 4 9 Mexico 5540 0.2 26 9 Pakistan 3013 0.3 10 13 Viet Nam 5522 0.2 19 19 Bangladesh 2275 0.2 -3 7 Ukraine 5158 0.2 39 55 Costa Rica 2245 0.2 8 -2 Bangladesh 5064 0.2 35 30 Guatemala 2184 0.2 4 9 United Arab Emirates 4525 0.2 87 54 Sri Lanka 2001 0.2 -1 7 Bulgaria 4093 0.1 34 26 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 1892 0.2 1 49

Pakistan 3844 0.1 24 19 Trinidad and Tobago 1887 0.2 56 41 Croatia 3783 0.1 29 38 El Salvador 1885 0.2 2 0 Australia 3343 0.1 18 8 Macao, China 1568 0.1 9 11 Saudi Arabia 3085 0.1 2 29 Cambodia 1543 0.1 17 16 Costa Rica 2409 0.1 9 31 Norway 1526 0.1 -2 18

Cayman Islands 2346 0.1 105 54 Colombia 1513 0.1 24 23 Botswana 2301 0.1 535 38 Argentina 1278 0.1 1 23 Egypt 2282 0.1 43 29 Jordan 1112 0.1 57 65 Sri Lanka 1694 0.1 12 24 Egypt 988 0.1 17 22 Belarus 1341 0.0 30 20 New Zealand 967 0.1 12 18

Above 40 2809827 99.0 - - Above 40 1121088 98.9 - -

127 Table IV.25 (continued) Imports of manufactures of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

China a Japan

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 428266 100.0 39 30 World 256040 100.0 13 17

Asia 307380 71.8 42 33 Asia 151961 59.4 17 21 Europe 69206 16.2 39 27 Europe 53145 20.8 13 16 North America 37394 8.7 17 26 North America 46384 18.1 1 7 CIS 5899 1.4 17 -7 Africa 1615 0.6 63 15 Middle East 3803 0.9 37 47 Middle East 1236 0.5 4 13 South and Central America 3108 0.7 113 5 South and Central America 1090 0.4 22 20 Africa 1470 0.3 67 33 CIS 609 0.2 28 78 Suppliers Suppliers

Japan 89562 20.9 40 26 China 79768 31.2 24 25 European Union (25) 64856 15.1 39 27 European Union (25) 48325 18.9 13 16 Taipei, Chinese 61327 14.3 30 31 United States 43483 17.0 1 7 Korea, Republic of 56702 13.2 52 44 Korea, Republic of 16396 6.4 18 24 China 37249 8.7 68 54 Taipei, Chinese 13806 5.4 5 15

Above 5 309696 72.3 42 33 Above 5 201778 78.8 13 18

United States 32453 7.6 16 26 Thailand 9908 3.9 16 22 Malaysia 14375 3.4 52 31 Malaysia 8490 3.3 8 15 Singapore 11433 2.7 49 31 Philippines 6640 2.6 7 17 Hong Kong, China 10531 2.5 1 4 Indonesia 5745 2.2 9 17 Thailand 8796 2.1 59 32 Singapore 4316 1.7 8 6 Philippines 8440 2.0 103 44 Switzerland 4169 1.6 15 18 Russian Federation 3959 0.9 4 -12 Viet Nam 2308 0.9 20 24 Indonesia 3574 0.8 22 24 Canada 1712 0.7 6 -5 Canada 3269 0.8 14 32 South Africa 1462 0.6 70 16 Switzerland 3061 0.7 33 32 India 1375 0.5 13 22 India 2384 0.6 79 0 Mexico 1189 0.5 0 16 Saudi Arabia 2022 0.5 42 49 Hong Kong, China 1146 0.4 -3 10 Brazil 1711 0.4 132 -2 Israel 718 0.3 -8 14 Mexico 1671 0.4 50 14 Australia 672 0.3 9 -2 Australia 1323 0.3 32 8 New Zealand 552 0.2 17 17 Trade by sector Trade South Africa 1124 0.3 83 31 Brazil 547 0.2 1 29 Ukraine 962 0.2 97 -19 Norway 442 0.2 41 4 Israel 903 0.2 33 38 Saudi Arabia 328 0.1 39 6 Kazakhstan 778 0.2 22 31 Russian Federation 298 0.1 25 47 Costa Rica 637 0.1 204 14 Kazakhstan 226 0.1 60 117 Norway 571 0.1 18 27 Costa Rica 144 0.1 65 -19 Pakistan 509 0.1 0 -5 New Caledonia 135 0.1 61 38 Viet Nam 401 0.1 111 53 Chile 127 0.0 124 26 Turkey 364 0.1 78 3 Pakistan 124 0.0 -4 9 New Zealand 286 0.1 4 33 Bangladesh 114 0.0 16 11 Argentina 281 0.1 20 -19 Turkey 99 0.0 20 19 Romania 274 0.1 24 -36 Cambodia 99 0.0 21 13 Kuwait 227 0.1 25 51 French Polynesia 90 0.0 -9 10 Qatar 209 0.0 39 92 Sri Lanka 89 0.0 16 10 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 195 0.0 8 32 Myanmar 87 0.0 68 30 Macao, China 191 0.0 29 8 Romania 74 0.0 30 30 Morocco 186 0.0 24 33 Jordan 69 0.0 -10 13 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 185 0.0 109 56 Colombia 69 0.0 38 35 United Arab Emirates 169 0.0 177 39 Dominican Republic 58 0.0 25 45 Belarus 145 0.0 54 72 Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of 57 0.0 -21 -7

Above 40 427298 99.8 - - Above 40 255456 99.8 - -

a In 2004, China reported imports from China accounting for nearly 9 percent of its manufacture imports. For further information, see box 2.

128 Table IV.26 Leading exporters and importers of manufactures, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 3014.4 - - 42.7 45.9 11 7 19 18 extra-EU (25) exports 1031.4 - - 14.4 15.7 11 6 17 20 United States 668.7 13.0 12.1 13.8 10.2 1 -5 3 13 China a, b 542.4 0.8 1.9 4.7 8.3 25 24 36 37 Japan 524.3 11.2 11.5 9.6 8.0 4 4 13 19 Hong Kong, China 250.1 1.6---- 3.2 4.1 3.8 7 6 12 16 domestic exports 14.9 1.2 1.1 0.5 0.2 -9 -15 -8 2 re-exports 235.2 0.4---- 2.0 3.6 3.6 8 8 14 17

Korea, Republic of 231.1 1.4 2.5 3.3 3.5 11 10 19 30 Canada 188.2 2.7 3.1 3.7 2.9 2 -2 4 14 Taipei, Chinese 161.0 1.6 2.6 3.0 2.4 3 6 10 19 Mexico a, c 151.8 0.4 1.1 3.0 2.3 2 0 -1 13 Singapore 148.5 0.8 1.6 2.5 2.3 6 3 15 22 domestic exports 75.3 0.4 1.0 1.3 1.1 4 2 19 20 re-exports 73.2 0.3 0.6 1.2 1.1 8 4 11 25

Switzerland 110.3 2.4 2.5 1.5 1.7 11 7 15 18 Malaysia a 95.4 0.2 0.7 1.7 1.5 5 6 7 19 Thailand c 74.0 0.1 0.6 1.1 1.1 9 5 19 23 India c 57.5 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.9 14 19 22 20 Turkey 53.4 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.8 24 18 32 34

Above 15 6036.0 - - 92.4 91.9 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 2839.0 - - 40.0 41.8 10 5 19 18 extra-EU (25) imports 856.0 - - 12.8 12.6 8 1 18 19 United States 1133.9 11.2 15.4 19.9 16.7 4 3 6 15 China a, b 428.3 1.1 1.7 3.5 6.3 26 25 39 30 Japan 256.0 2.3 4.1 4.4 3.8 5 -2 13 17 Hong Kong, China 248.3 1.5---- 2.9 4.0 3.7 7 4 12 17 Trade by sector Trade retained imports 13.1 1.1 0.9 0.5 0.2 -12 -35 -10 16

Canada d 220.7 3.7 3.8 4.1 3.3 2 1 6 13 Mexico a, c, d 169.0 1.5 1.3 3.1 2.5 3 0 0 15 Korea, Republic of 139.1 0.9 1.8 2.0 2.0 9 13 17 24 Singapore 128.8 1.2 1.8 2.3 1.9 4 0 10 26 retained imports 55.5 0.8 1.2 1.1 0.8 0 -5 9 26 Taipei, Chinese 125.4 0.9 1.5 2.3 1.8 3 6 11 31

Switzerland 93.5 2.3 2.4 1.4 1.4 8 1 15 16 Australia d 84.7 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 9 15 21 22 Malaysia a 83.6 0.6 0.9 1.4 1.2 5 9 4 23 Russian Federation c 74.8 - - 0.7 1.1 24 14 28 29 Thailand c 69.6 0.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 11 6 16 22

Above 15 5859.5 - - 87.6 87.6 - - - - a Includes significant shipments through processing zones. b In 2004, China reported imports of manufactures from China amounting to nearly $37 billion. For further information, see box 2. c Includes Secretariat estimates. d Imports are valued f.o.b.

129 Table IV.27 Exports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-04

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise exports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World 2391.15 I 4688.08 4752.61 5489.31 6570.31 74.8 73.8 Argentina 3.57 8.49 7.83 7.97 9.84 32.2 28.6 Australia 6.90 15.16 15.51 17.21 19.41 24.5 20.0 Bangladesh 1.21 4.59 4.81 5.36 5.20 71.8 63.7 Belarus - 4.88 5.27 6.37 8.24 66.6 59.9 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 1.84 2.72 3.22 3.07 4.29 8.8 11.3 Brazil 16.14 31.80 31.35 37.19 50.57 57.7 52.4 Bulgaria ... 2.74 3.57 4.96 6.19 56.7 62.3 Cambodia ... 1.33 1.85 2.04 2.72 95.6 97.1 Canada 73.31 175.64 158.64 164.79 188.22 63.5 59.5 Chile 0.83 2.79 2.82 3.13 3.97 14.5 12.4 China b 44.31 219.86 292.56 396.99 542.37 88.2 91.4 Colombia 1.70 4.26 4.50 4.49 6.20 32.7 38.2 Costa Rica b, c 0.39 I 3.60 3.13 3.80 3.67 61.3 58.3 Croatia - 3.21 3.55 4.42 5.81 72.5 72.5 Dominican Republic b, c 1.51 4.84 4.20 4.40 4.67 84.4 81.2 Egypt c 1.47 1.38 1.65 1.88 2.07 29.4 27.0 El Salvador b, c 0.33 2.25 2.48 2.60 2.73 76.5 82.8 European Union (25) - 2001.29 2160.91 2560.98 3014.40 82.1 81.2 intra-EU (25) exports - 1325.87 1427.86 1703.78 1982.99 80.6 79.0 extra-EU (25) exports - 675.42 733.05 857.20 1031.41 85.3 85.7 Hong Kong, China 75.64 192.50 192.29 215.54 250.12 95.0 94.2 domestic exports 27.41 22.14 15.88 14.59 14.93 94.1 74.8 re-exports 48.23 170.35 176.42 200.94 235.18 95.1 95.8 India c 12.52 34.59 39.25 48.00 57.53 76.5 74.5 Indonesia 9.04 35.24 30.91 31.61 35.82 53.9 49.5 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 0.69 1.98 2.41 2.93 ... 7.0 8.6 Israel d 10.43 29.55 27.40 29.38 36.41 94.1 94.3 Japan 275.15 449.69 387.48 438.83 524.28 93.8 92.7 Jordan 0.59 0.95 1.79 2.03 2.76 50.2 69.8 Kazakhstan c - 1.60 1.72 2.12 2.50 18.1 12.4 Korea, Republic of 60.60 154.90 148.82 177.68 231.05 89.9 91.0 Macao, China 1.67 2.48 2.28 2.48 2.67 97.8 95.1 Malaysia b 15.82 78.93 74.83 80.35 95.44 80.4 75.4 Mexico b, c 25.26 138.65 135.37 134.65 151.77 83.3 80.3 Morocco b, c 2.21 I 4.76 5.09 5.87 6.66 64.1 68.2 New Zealand 2.39 3.99 4.34 5.20 6.25 30.0 30.7 Norway 11.13 13.32 14.99 17.16 18.45 22.2 22.6 Oman 0.28 1.35 1.68 1.57 1.74 11.9 13.0 Pakistan 4.39 7.64 8.47 10.14 11.40 84.7 85.2

Trade by sector Trade Peru 0.61 1.16 1.27 1.48 1.98 16.5 15.8 Philippines b, c 5.59 34.77 32.31 32.52 35.68 87.4 89.9 Qatar 0.66 0.91 1.04 1.17 2.47 7.8 13.2 Romania 3.60 7.95 11.24 14.50 19.27 76.7 82.1 Russian Federation c - 25.37 27.27 37.18 50.49 24.0 27.5 Saudi Arabia 3.66 5.96 7.78 9.57 ... 7.7 10.3 Singapore 37.49 117.68 105.63 121.46 148.54 85.4 82.7 domestic exports 23.20 63.28 52.91 62.95 75.30 80.4 76.4 re-exports 14.28 54.40 52.72 58.52 73.24 92.0 90.4 South Africa c, d 8.32 I 20.23 20.27 24.07 29.91 67.5 65.0 Sri Lanka c 1.02 4.14 3.50 3.60 4.10 76.3 71.2 Switzerland 59.59 72.43 81.39 93.76 110.31 90.0 93.1 Syrian Arab Republic 1.50 0.36 0.46 0.62 ... 7.8 10.7 Taipei, Chinese 62.03 141.04 123.00 134.77 160.96 95.1 92.8 Thailand c 14.58 51.76 50.67 60.08 74.04 75.0 76.0 Trinidad and Tobago 0.56 1.23 1.28 1.50 ... 28.8 29.0 Tunisia 2.42 4.50 5.62 5.99 7.46 77.0 77.0 Turkey 8.78 22.52 30.19 39.78 53.45 81.1 84.7 Ukraine c - 9.77 11.86 15.23 22.68 67.1 69.4 United Arab Emirates 2.86 6.52 10.10 13.10 ... 13.1 15.9 United States 290.49 648.91 570.96 589.17 668.67 83.0 81.7 Viet Nam c ... 6.18 8.33 10.40 ... 42.7 51.6

a Or nearest year. b Includes significant exports from processing zones. c Includes Secretariat estimates. d Includes significant exports of diamonds. For the most recent year, the share of diamonds in exports of manufactures was 17 per cent for India, 38 per cent for Israel and 9 per cent for South Africa.

130 Table IV.28 Imports of manufactures of selected economies, 1990-04

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise imports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Algeria b 6.66 6.10 8.70 9.90 13.43 66.6 73.8 Argentina b 3.10 20.78 7.46 11.84 19.47 82.6 87.2 Australia c 31.61 59.08 57.39 69.32 84.74 83.0 80.4 Bahrain 1.43 1.72 2.37 2.56 2.84 37.2 43.1 Bangladesh 1.92 4.87 5.33 5.71 5.28 54.8 43.9 Belarus - 4.24 4.94 6.34 9.08 49.0 55.6 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela c 5.05 11.81 9.53 6.43 11.73 72.8 78.2 Brazil 12.62 43.00 36.61 36.64 46.02 73.3 69.8 Bulgaria ... 3.84 5.32 7.42 9.93 59.0 68.7 Canada c 92.90 200.75 184.71 196.15 220.69 83.6 80.7 Chile 5.29 11.86 11.19 12.11 15.24 64.1 61.3 China d 42.39 169.88 236.81 328.57 428.27 75.5 76.3 Colombia 4.28 9.19 10.32 11.26 14.07 79.6 84.0 Costa Rica b, d 1.50 I 4.92 5.72 6.11 6.38 77.2 77.2 Croatia - 5.78 8.06 10.96 12.61 73.3 76.1 Dominican Republic b, c, d 1.94 6.66 6.28 5.20 5.65 70.3 72.0 Ecuador 1.51 2.63 5.37 5.09 6.15 70.8 78.2 Egypt b 6.99 7.77 6.35 5.27 6.64 55.4 51.8 El Salvador b, d 0.82 3.25 3.45 3.76 4.04 65.7 64.4 European Union (25) e - 1943.40 2025.32 2414.31 2838.98 75.9 74.9 extra-EU (25) imports - 622.74 606.48 718.37 855.99 67.7 66.8 Guatemala 1.14 3.52 4.33 4.79 ... 72.0 71.2 Hong Kong, China 70.53 192.66 188.98 212.22 248.28 90.0 91.0 retained imports 22.30 22.31 12.56 11.28 13.10 63.9 47.9 India b, f 12.17 22.03 29.32 38.35 50.24 42.9 48.5 Indonesia 16.64 20.48 18.41 18.39 26.36 47.0 48.0 Iran, Islamic Rep. of b 15.49 9.96 15.41 20.32 25.40 69.4 73.2 Israel f 11.68 29.04 26.95 27.17 32.37 81.3 79.0 Japan 100.28 212.67 193.74 218.46 256.04 56.0 56.3 Jordan 1.34 2.65 3.08 3.33 4.67 57.5 57.5 Kazakhstan b - 3.79 5.09 6.60 9.85 75.3 77.1 Kenya 1.40 1.72 2.05 2.10 2.78 55.3 61.1 Korea, Republic of 44.11 98.16 95.88 112.51 139.13 61.2 62.0 Kuwait 2.61 5.55 7.10 8.70 ... 77.5 79.2 Lebanon b ... 3.48 3.90 4.30 5.05 55.8 53.7 Macao, China 1.20 1.78 1.97 2.15 2.75 79.1 79.0 Malaysia d 22.87 68.13 65.05 67.79 83.61 83.1 79.4 Mauritius 1.28 1.46 1.46 1.64 1.83 70.0 65.8 Mexico b, c, d 32.49 149.80 146.74 147.00 169.00 85.9 85.3 Morocco b, d 4.22 I 7.25 7.67 9.55 11.73 62.9 66.4 New Zealand 7.56 10.81 11.75 14.54 17.31 77.7 74.6 Nigeria 4.92 4.36 6.65 9.87 ... 75.0 66.3 Norway 21.40 27.48 27.75 31.31 37.21 79.9 77.4

Oman 1.81 3.46 4.12 4.64 6.56 68.7 74.0 by sector Trade Pakistan 3.99 5.09 5.88 7.22 10.25 46.8 57.1 Peru 1.61 5.21 5.26 5.68 6.63 70.3 65.6 Philippines b, d 8.96 25.64 28.41 31.39 31.84 69.2 75.2 Qatar 1.32 2.75 3.38 4.19 5.31 84.4 88.5 Romania 2.95 9.82 14.01 18.76 25.42 75.2 77.8 Russian Federation b - 31.75 45.10 57.88 74.77 71.1 77.6 Saudi Arabia 18.23 22.05 25.20 28.96 ... 72.9 78.3 Serbia and Montenegro b - 2.35 4.23 5.79 ... 63.3 72.9 Singapore 44.35 109.78 92.96 102.46 128.78 81.6 78.6 retained imports 30.07 55.39 40.24 43.95 55.54 73.4 67.1 South Africa b, c 13.43 I 19.21 18.60 24.55 33.17 72.2 69.4 Sri Lanka b 1.71 4.90 4.08 4.58 5.36 68.2 33.6 Switzerland 58.01 67.65 69.99 80.82 93.49 82.0 83.8 Syrian Arab Republic 1.48 2.47 2.74 3.60 ... 64.7 70.5 Taipei, Chinese 36.77 110.41 86.16 95.73 125.42 78.9 75.4 Thailand b 24.83 46.57 49.15 56.99 69.63 75.2 73.0 Trinidad and Tobago 0.78 1.86 2.20 2.20 ... 56.1 56.6 Tunisia 3.91 6.46 7.15 7.93 9.55 75.4 75.0 Turkey 13.63 38.20 33.94 45.83 67.42 70.1 69.1 Ukraine b - 5.74 8.21 11.61 15.19 41.1 52.4 United Arab Emirates b 8.63 22.88 26.70 29.40 35.74 85.6 75.0 United States 375.65 968.21 933.89 989.92 1133.89 76.9 74.3 Viet Nam b 2.18 11.38 15.02 18.98 ... 72.8 75.2 a Or nearest year. b Includes Secretariat estimates. c Imports are valued f.o.b. d Includes significant imports into processing zones. e See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU (25) imports. f Includes significant imports of diamonds. For the most recent year, the share of diamonds in total imports of manufactures was 18 per cent for India and 28 per cent for Israel.

131 4.1 Iron and steel

Table IV.29 Table IV.30 Major regional flows in world exports of iron World trade in iron and steel, 2004 and steel, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 266 Value Annual percentage change

Annual percentage change 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

1980-85 -2 Intra-Europe 103.9 16 27 43 1985-90 9 Intra-Asia 46.5 18 31 41 1990-95 8 Intra-North America 13.6 11 4 49 1995-00 -2 2000-04 17 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) to Europe 10.6 27 39 71 2002 10 2003 26 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) to Asia 8.7 21 31 34 2004 46 Europe to North America 8.6 8 -9 80 Share in world merchandise trade 3.0 Intra-Commonwealth of Share in world exports of manufactures 4.0 Independent States (CIS) 5.2 23 78 49

Table IV.31 Chart IV.7 Share of iron and steel in trade in total merchandise Regional shares in world trade in iron and steel, 2004 and in manufactures by region, 2004 (Percentage) (Percentage)

Exports Imports Trade by sector Trade Share of iron and steel in total merchandise Europe World 3.0 3.0 North America 1.3 2.0 Asia South and Central America 4.4 2.3 Europe 3.3 3.1 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 12.2 4.1 North America Africa 2.6 3.8 Exports Middle East 0.5 5.1 Asia 2.7 3.3 Commonwealth of Imports Independent Share of iron and steel in manufactures States (CIS) World 4.0 4.0 South and Central North America 1.7 2.6 America South and Central America 12.3 3.3 Europe 4.1 4.2 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 36.9 5.5 Middle East Africa 10.4 5.4 Middle East 2.4 6.3 Asia 3.3 4.7 Africa

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

132 Table IV.32 Exports of iron and steel by principal region, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 265.9 - - 100.0 100.0 17 26 46

Europe World 131.1 100.0 100.0 50.1 49.3 16 26 42 Europe 103.9 80.0 79.3 40.1 39.1 16 27 43 North America 8.6 8.9 6.6 4.5 3.2 8 -9 80 Asia 7.3 4.4 5.6 2.2 2.8 24 51 16 Middle East 5.1 2.4 3.9 1.2 1.9 31 46 38 Africa 3.4 2.1 2.6 1.1 1.3 22 25 31 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.3 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.5 26 -6 47 South and Central America 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.6 0.5 9 12 37

Asia World 65.2 49.1 49.7 24.6 24.5 17 26 51 Asia 46.5 33.3 35.5 16.7 17.5 18 31 41 North America 7.7 7.9 5.9 4.0 2.9 8 -11 121 Europe 4.5 3.6 3.4 1.8 1.7 15 31 86 Middle East 2.7 1.8 2.1 0.9 1.0 21 30 33 Africa 1.3 0.7 1.0 0.4 0.5 26 25 43 All other regions 2.4 1.7 1.9 0.9 0.9 19 47 91

Japan World 23.3 20.8 17.8 10.4 8.8 12 15 30 Asia 19.2 15.6 14.6 7.8 7.2 15 19 32 North America 1.8 2.8 1.4 1.4 0.7 -3 -12 35 Europe 0.8 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.3 7 8 44 Middle East 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.3 10 19 4 Africa 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1 4 11 -9 All other regions 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 10 26 30

Other economies in Asia Trade by sector Trade World 41.9 28.2 32.0 14.2 15.8 20 35 66 Asia 27.3 17.7 20.9 8.9 10.3 21 43 49 North America 5.9 5.1 4.5 2.6 2.2 13 -11 177 Europe 3.7 2.7 2.8 1.4 1.4 17 39 100 Middle East 2.0 1.1 1.5 0.5 0.7 27 37 50 All other regions 3.0 1.7 2.3 0.8 1.1 26 46 95

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) World 32.5 20.0 24.8 10.0 12.2 23 38 57 Europe 10.6 5.7 8.1 2.8 4.0 27 39 71 Asia 8.7 5.7 6.6 2.9 3.3 21 31 34 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 5.2 3.1 4.0 1.6 2.0 23 78 49 Middle East 3.1 2.1 2.4 1.1 1.2 20 43 37 North America 2.2 1.6 1.7 0.8 0.8 19 -37 424 All other regions 2.6 1.8 2.0 0.9 1.0 20 36 50

133 Table IV.33 Imports of iron and steel of the European Union (25) and the United States by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

European Union (25) United States

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 113792 100.0 29 44 World 28121 100.0 -11 103

Europe 95766 84.2 28 40 Europe 7166 25.5 -13 100 CIS 7492 6.6 36 98 North America 6683 23.8 -3 53 Asia 4202 3.7 27 78 Asia 6647 23.6 -18 126 Africa 2634 2.3 35 81 South and Central America 4071 14.5 -10 109 South and Central America 2208 1.9 49 27 CIS 2318 8.2 -28 349 North America 951 0.8 44 -9 Africa 1148 4.1 1 137 Middle East 420 0.4 69 176 Middle East 89 0.3 -3 178

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 89454 78.6 28 39 European Union (25) 5431 19.3 -14 80 Russian Federation 4081 3.6 38 81 Canada 4085 14.5 -3 37 Ukraine 2477 2.2 32 142 Mexico 2598 9.2 -1 88 Turkey 1969 1.7 59 87 Brazil 2591 9.2 -14 125 South Africa 1838 1.6 41 76 Russian Federation 1760 6.3 -37 483

Above 5 99819 87.7 29 43 Above 5 16465 14.5 -10 86

Norway 1332 1.2 20 53 China 1206 4.3 -20 35 Switzerland 1219 1.1 21 33 Japan 1115 4.0 -27 99 China 1059 0.9 53 128 Korea, Republic of 1089 3.9 -17 263 Brazil 988 0.9 62 15 Turkey 874 3.1 -33 191 India 984 0.9 77 168 India 859 3.1 -27 264

United States 782 0.7 44 -9 Taipei, Chinese 810 2.9 5 121 Romania 762 0.7 26 110 South Africa 671 2.4 -5 93 Japan 651 0.6 28 20 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 331 1.2 -51 373 Bulgaria 512 0.5 38 64 Ukraine 321 1.1 3 60 Korea, Republic of 511 0.4 7 47 Australia 280 1.0 13 152

Taipei, Chinese 483 0.4 33 74 Romania 279 1.0 -17 224

Trade by sector Trade Kazakhstan 382 0.3 25 60 Egypt 243 0.9 -35 173 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 373 0.3 42 51 Trinidad and Tobago 242 0.9 9 50 Colombia 329 0.3 35 40 Argentina 172 0.6 -14 69 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 325 0.3 57 309 Thailand 171 0.6 66 36

Egypt 312 0.3 37 151 Kazakhstan 161 0.6 -21 519 Belarus 270 0.2 29 59 Malaysia 152 0.5 43 57 FYR Macedonia 203 0.2 11 67 Dominican Republic 142 0.5 22 137 Argentina 189 0.2 26 -27 Norway 123 0.4 52 92 Moldova 182 0.2 81 140 Colombia 104 0.4 0 181

Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 182 0.2 16 77 Bulgaria 63 0.2 4 133 Serbia and Montenegro 169 0.1 14 112 New Zealand 55 0.2 -40 96 Dominican Republic 152 0.1 25 136 Indonesia 54 0.2 - - New Caledonia 137 0.1 14 4 Serbia and Montenegro 42 0.1 38 282 Canada 130 0.1 38 -4 Georgia 42 0.1 7 45

Above 30 112434 98.8 - - Above 30 26066 92.7 - -

134 Table IV.34 Leading exporters and importers of iron and steel, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 118.65 - - 46.5 44.6 16 6 26 41 extra-EU (25) exports 29.20 - - 11.4 11.0 16 7 25 37 Japan 23.29 20.4 11.8 10.4 8.8 12 14 15 30 Russian Federation a 17.33 - - 5.3 6.5 23 12 44 60 China b 13.88 0.3 1.2 3.1 5.2 33 5 45 188 Korea, Republic of 11.63 2.2 3.4 4.7 4.4 15 -2 36 49

Ukraine a 11.20 - - 3.6 4.2 21 5 32 56 United States 8.71 4.2 3.3 4.4 3.3 8 -4 19 29 Taipei, Chinese 7.72 0.4 0.8 3.2 2.9 14 23 26 32 Brazil 7.09 1.1 3.4 2.6 2.7 18 23 29 42 Turkey 6.00 0.0 1.4 1.3 2.3 34 11 20 80

South Africa 5.64 1.6 2.0 1.9 2.1 20 11 61 46 Canada 4.67 2.3 1.9 2.3 1.8 10 21 1 36 Mexico a, b 3.31 0.1 0.7 1.2 1.2 17 31 16 69 India c 2.86 0.1 0.2 0.9 1.6 ... 86 33 ... Hong Kong, China 2.68 0.1---- 0.5 1.3 1.0 9152921 domestic exports 0.01 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1 -22 59 33 re-exports 2.67 0.1---- 0.5 1.3 1.0 9152921

Above 15 242.01 - - 91.5 91.5 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 113.79 - - 40.2 40.1 16 5 29 44 extra-EU (25) imports 24.34 - - 7.6 8.6 20 -3 36 66 United States 28.12 10.1 9.5 12.5 9.9 10 4 -11 103 China b 23.39 2.7 2.5 6.3 8.2 25 27 62 6 Korea, Republic of 12.18 1.2 2.9 3.4 4.3 23 25 33 66 Taipei, Chinese 8.78 1.4 2.5 3.1 3.1 17 31 28 75

Canada d 7.54 1.6 2.0 3.4 2.7 9 9 7 57

Thailand a 6.12 0.6 2.4 1.8 2.2 22 23 29 50 by sector Trade Japan 5.57 1.1 4.1 2.4 2.0 11 -12 36 68 Turkey 5.32 0.4 1.1 1.6 1.9 22 20 52 62 Mexico a, b, d 5.05 2.2 1.0 2.6 1.8 6 1 4 36

Iran, Islamic Rep. of a 3.97 ...... 1.0 1.4 ... -14 86 31 Hong Kong, China 3.89 0.8---- 1.3 2.1 1.4 5-33419 retained imports 1.23 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.4 -2 -30 43 16 Malaysia b 3.60 0.8 1.3 1.4 1.3 14 0 10 49 Russian Federation a 3.27 - - 1.0 1.2 20 -11 58 48 India c 2.81 1.0 1.0 0.5 1.0 ... 12 58 ...

Above 15 230.76 - - 81.9 81.3 - - - -

a Includes Secretariat estimates. b Includes significant shipments through processing zones. c 2003 instead of 2004. d Imports are valued f.o.b.

135 4.2 Chemicals

Table IV.35 Table IV.36 World trade in chemicals, 2004 Major regional flows in world exports of chemicals, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 976 Value Annual percentage change

Annual percentage change 2004 2000-04 2003 2004 1980-85 1 Intra-Europe 429.3 15 22 20 1985-90 14 1990-95 10 Intra-Asia 111.9 14 23 32 1995-00 4 Europe to North America 71.8 16 19 11 2000-04 14 2002 12 Intra-North America 54.0 8 11 20 2003 20 Europe to Asia 47.0 13 18 24 2004 21 North America to Europe 39.4 11 18 20 Share in world merchandise trade 11.0

Share in world exports of manufactures 14.9

Table IV.37 Chart IV.8 Share of chemicals in trade in total merchandise and Regional shares in world trade in chemicals, 2004 in manufactures by region, 2004 (Percentage) (Percentage)

Exports Imports Trade by sector Trade Share of chemicals in total merchandise Europe World 11.0 11.0 North America 10.7 8.3 South and Central America 6.0 15.0 Asia Europe 14.9 12.9 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 6.3 10.2 Africa 3.3 10.4 North America Middle East 6.6 8.7 Exports Asia 7.0 10.1 Imports South and Central Share of chemicals in manufactures America World 14.9 14.9 North America 14.1 10.7 South and Central America 16.5 21.4 Middle East Europe 18.5 17.1 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 18.9 13.9 Commonwealth of Africa 13.1 14.7 Independent States Middle East 30.0 10.8 (CIS) Asia 8.4 14.4

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world Africa merchandise trade by product and region.

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

136 Table IV.38 Exports of chemicals by principal region, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 975.9 - - 100.0 100.0 14 20 21

Europe

World 599.1 100.0 100.0 58.5 61.4 15 21 19 Europe 429.3 70.7 71.7 41.4 44.0 15 22 20 North America 71.8 11.7 12.0 6.9 7.4 16 19 11 Asia 47.0 8.4 7.8 4.9 4.8 13 18 24 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 12.4 1.4 2.1 0.8 1.3 27 32 34 Africa 12.3 2.2 2.0 1.3 1.3 13 17 19 Middle East 12.1 2.1 2.0 1.2 1.2 14 18 18 South and Central America 10.0 2.2 1.7 1.3 1.0 7 11 20

Asia

World 168.1 100.0 100.0 17.3 17.2 14 24 28 Asia 111.9 66.0 66.6 11.4 11.5 14 23 32 Europe 24.3 13.6 14.4 2.4 2.5 15 34 24 North America 19.5 13.4 11.6 2.3 2.0 10 22 8 Middle East 3.8 1.9 2.3 0.3 0.4 19 28 33 Africa 3.4 1.7 2.0 0.3 0.3 18 20 36 South and Central America 3.3 1.8 1.9 0.3 0.3 15 22 39 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.6 0.7 1.0 0.1 0.2 24 39 35

Japan

World 48.0 100.0 100.0 6.0 4.9 8 17 23 Asia 32.2 60.9 67.0 3.7 3.3 11 20 31 North America 8.1 21.1 17.0 1.3 0.8 2 12 6 Europe 6.9 15.8 14.3 1.0 0.7 5 15 14 South and Central America 0.4 1.1 0.8 0.1 0.0 -1 4 14 All other regions 0.5 1.1 1.0 0.1 0.0 5 9 9

Other Economies in Asia Trade by sector Trade World 120.0 100.0 100.0 11.2 12.3 16 27 29 Asia 79.7 68.7 66.4 7.7 8.2 15 24 32 Europe 17.4 18.1 21.8 1.4 1.8 21 45 29 North America 11.4 13.6 14.3 1.0 1.2 17 31 9 Middle East 3.5 3.7 4.4 0.3 0.4 21 29 35 South and Central America 3.2 3.5 4.0 0.3 0.3 19 22 38 Africa 2.9 3.3 3.6 0.3 0.3 19 26 43 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.6 1.5 2.0 0.1 0.2 25 38 35

North America

World 142.1 100.0 100.0 17.6 14.6 8 12 21 North America 54.0 39.1 38.0 6.9 5.5 8 11 20 Europe 39.4 25.3 27.8 4.4 4.0 11 18 20 Asia 32.7 23.3 23.0 4.1 3.4 8 11 23 South and Central America 12.7 10.0 9.0 1.8 1.3 5 3 28 Middle East 1.6 1.1 1.1 0.2 0.2 10 12 23 All other regions 1.6 1.3 1.1 0.2 0.2 5 0 17

137 Table IV.39 Leading exporters and importers of chemicals, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 549.79 - - 53.9 56.3 15 15 22 19 extra-EU (25) exports 190.86 - - 18.9 19.6 15 15 20 18 United States 112.86 14.8 13.3 14.1 11.6 8 2 13 20 Japan 48.01 4.7 5.3 6.0 4.9 8 8 17 23 Switzerland 40.99 4.0 4.7 3.7 4.2 17 16 16 19 China a 26.36 0.8 1.3 2.1 2.7 21 15 28 35

Korea, Republic of 23.13 0.5 0.8 2.4 2.4 14 10 23 37 Canada 21.68 2.5 2.2 2.5 2.2 10 2 12 27 Singapore 20.79 0.5 1.1 1.6 2.1 21 18 46 23 domestic exports 16.84 0.2 0.7 1.1 1.7 28 26 59 24 re-exports 3.94 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.4 4 -1 9 18 Taipei, Chinese 16.17 0.4 0.9 1.6 1.7 15 14 20 35 Hong Kong, China 13.04 0.5---- 1.5 1.8 1.3 651220 domestic exports 0.86 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 1 -3 10 15 re-exports 12.18 0.4---- 1.2 1.6 1.2 651221

Russian Federation b 11.29 - - 1.2 1.2 12 0 30 23 Saudi Arabia b 8.28 0.1 0.8 0.7 0.8 7 -2 23 31 Mexico a, b 7.53 0.4 0.7 0.9 0.8 9 3 4 28 India c 7.37 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.9 ... 23 25 ... Malaysia a 7.10 0.1 0.2 0.6 0.7 17 16 23 31

Above 15 0.90 - - 92.4 92.6 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 468.25 - - 44.5 46.6 15 14 22 20 extra-EU (25) imports 109.32 - - 10.8 10.9 14 11 19 20 United States 116.10 6.2 7.7 12.5 11.6 11 9 18 12 China a 65.47 2.0 2.2 5.0 6.5 21 22 25 34 Japan 34.38 4.1 5.0 4.3 3.4 7 1 15 17 Canada d 28.26 2.2 2.5 3.3 2.8 9 5 14 15 Trade by sector Trade Switzerland 24.74 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.5 16 12 16 17 Mexico a, b, d 21.31 1.5 1.2 2.5 2.1 9 7 11 16 Korea, Republic of 20.65 1.3 2.4 2.2 2.1 11 9 16 25 Taipei, Chinese 20.59 1.3 2.3 2.6 2.1 7 11 17 31 Hong Kong, China 16.39 1.1---- 2.0 2.2 1.6 551221 retained imports 4.20 0.7 0.9 0.6 0.4 3 3 11 24

Brazil 14.45 2.4 1.1 1.7 1.4 8 -6 9 31 Turkey 14.21 0.8 0.9 1.2 1.4 18 26 32 36 Australia d 12.05 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.2 10 7 21 24 Thailand b 10.56 0.7 1.1 1.1 1.1 12 10 16 25 Singapore 10.49 0.9 1.5 1.3 1.0 8 7 17 23 retained imports 6.55 0.6 1.1 0.7 0.7 11 13 24 26

Above 15 865.72 - - 86.6 86.2 - - - -

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones. b Includes Secretariat estimates. c 2003 instead of 2004. d Imports are valued f.o.b.

138 Table IV.40 Leading exporters and importers of pharmaceuticals, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage) Share in world Valueexports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 175.51 65.0 71.1 26 34 25 19 extra-EU (25) exports 66.53 28.8 27.0 21 27 20 17 United States 23.98 12.1 9.7 16 5 19 25 Switzerland 23.03 9.6 9.3 22 18 18 23 Japan 3.54 2.5 1.4 7 3 13 11 China 3.23 1.6 1.3 16 17 23 13

Canada 2.99 1.1 1.2 25 7 51 28 India a 2.02 1.2 1.0 ... 31 15 ... Australia 1.91 1.1 0.8 13 -16 37 32 Mexico b 1.66 0.8 0.7 17 8 7 32 Israel 1.36 0.4 0.6 33 45 3 42

Singapore 1.12 0.9 0.5 2 -18 -1 22 domestic exports 0.68 0.5 0.3 1 -29 4 36 re-exports 0.43 0.4 0.2 1 -2 -6 5 Hong Kong, China 0.64 0.7- 0.3- -3 -13 3 -2 domestic exports 0.15 0.1 0.1 9 0 29 -13 re-exports 0.50 0.6- 0.2- -5 -16 -4 1 Korea, Republic of 0.46 0.3 0.2 8 10 8 20 Norway 0.44 0.2 0.2 17 27 25 18 Brazil 0.39 0.2 0.2 10 3 10 26

Above 15 241.79 97.1 98.1 - - - -

Importers

European Union (25) 145.90 51.3 58.7 27 38 23 19 extra-EU (25) imports 36.92 15.3 14.9 21 22 15 25 United States 35.37 13.4 14.2 24 33 28 11 Switzerland 11.61 4.7 4.7 22 21 18 19 Japan 7.11 4.3 2.9 10 7 14 15 Canada c 6.94 3.4 2.8 16 13 26 13 Trade by sector Trade Australia c 4.80 2.1 1.9 19 19 27 33 Russian Federation b 3.43 1.5 1.4 19 -14 44 22 Turkey 3.04 1.2 1.2 23 28 34 32 Mexico b, c 2.93 1.3 1.2 20 15 17 35 Brazil 2.20 1.6 0.9 5 1 -2 17

China 1.90 0.9 0.8 19 18 19 11 Korea, Republic of 1.71 0.7 0.7 20 18 15 25 Saudi Arabia a 1.39 0.8 0.7 ... 4 39 ... Taipei, Chinese 1.29 0.7 0.5 12 8 8 22 Norway 1.18 0.7 0.5 12 26 15 9

Above 15 230.79 88.7 93.0 - - - - a 2003 instead of 2004. b Includes Secretariat estimates. c Imports are valued f.o.b.

139 4.3 Office machines and telecom equipment

Table IV.41 Table IV.42 Major regional flows in world exports of office World trade in office and telecom equipment, 2004 and telecom equipment, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 1134 Value Annual percentage change Annual percentage change 2004 2000-04 2003 2004 1980-85 9

1985-90 18 Intra-Asia 310.3 9 19 23 1990-95 15 Intra-Europe 239.3 3 6 12 1995-00 10 2000-04 4 Asia to North America 156.2 3 10 26

2002 1 Asia to Europe 126.0 9 23 31 2003 12 Intra-North America 78.6 -4 -1 15 2004 19 North America to Asia 52.1 -5 6 2 Share in world merchandise trade 12.7

Share in world exports of manufactures 17.3

Table IV.43 Chart IV.9 Share of office and telecom equipment in trade in total Regional shares in world trade in office machines and merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 telecom equipment, 2004 (Percentage) (Percentage)

Exports Imports Trade by sector Trade

Share in total merchandise Asia World 12.7 12.7 North America 12.8 13.9 South and Central America 1.4 8.0 Europe Europe 8.0 10.0 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 0.3 7.5 Africa 0.7 6.0 Middle East 2.3 8.5 North America Asia 26.2 19.3 Exports Australia, Japan and New Zealand 15.5 13.4 Other Asia 30.3 21.3 Imports Middle East Share in manufactures World 17.3 17.3 North America 16.8 17.9 South and Central South and Central America 4.0 11.4 America Europe 10.0 13.3 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.0 10.2 Commonwealth of Africa 2.8 8.5 Independent States Middle East 10.5 10.7 (CIS) Asia 31.3 27.6 Australia, Japan and New Zealand 19.0 21.4 Other Asia 35.9 29.4 Africa

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region. 0 102030405060

140 Table IV.44 Exports of office and telecom equipment by principal region and economy, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 1133.8 - - 100.0 100.0 4 12 19

Asia

World 624.7 100.0 100.0 47.3 55.1 8 18 25 Asia 310.3 47.6 49.7 22.5 27.4 9 19 23 North America 156.2 29.9 25.0 14.1 13.8 3 10 26 Europe 126.0 19.9 20.2 9.4 11.1 9 23 31 Middle East 6.6 0.8 1.0 0.4 0.6 17 21 19 South and Central America 5.6 0.9 0.9 0.4 0.5 9 19 56 Africa 3.1 0.3 0.5 0.2 0.3 19 39 36 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2.7 0.1 0.4 0.1 0.2 43 75 39

China

World 171.8 100.0 100.0 4.5 15.2 41 56 46 North America 61.1 38.5 35.6 1.7 5.4 38 57 54 Asia 47.3 29.5 27.6 1.3 4.2 39 42 43 Europe 43.2 23.7 25.2 1.1 3.8 43 86 53 All other regions 20.1 8.3 11.7 0.4 1.8 53 43 18

Other Economies in Asia

World 452.9 100.0 100.0 42.8 39.9 2 10 19 Asia 262.9 49.5 58.1 21.2 23.2 7 16 19 North America 95.1 29.0 21.0 12.4 8.4 -6 -4 13 Europe 82.8 19.5 18.3 8.3 7.3 1 8 22 Middle East 4.9 0.8 1.1 0.3 0.4 12 11 18 South and Central America 3.6 0.8 0.8 0.3 0.3 2 8 53 Africa 2.0 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.2 11 26 34 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.5 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 32 58 38

Europe

World 324.4 100.0 100.0 29.8 28.6 3 8 14 by sector Trade Europe 239.3 74.7 73.7 22.3 21.1 3 6 12 Asia 33.1 11.0 10.2 3.3 2.9 1 12 19 North America 20.0 7.7 6.2 2.3 1.8 -3 9 6 Middle East 10.9 1.8 3.3 0.5 1.0 21 37 31 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 9.9 1.0 3.0 0.3 0.9 36 40 48 Africa 7.7 1.9 2.4 0.6 0.7 8 19 27 South and Central America 3.0 0.9 0.9 0.3 0.3 2 19 55

North America

World 169.1 100.0 100.0 21.6 14.9 -5 2 10 North America 78.6 44.3 46.5 9.6 6.9 -4 -1 15 Asia 52.1 31.2 30.8 6.7 4.6 -5 6 2 Europe 25.4 17.4 15.0 3.8 2.2 -9 -1 7 South and Central America 9.7 5.4 5.7 1.2 0.9 -4 -1 23 Middle East 2.0 1.1 1.2 0.2 0.2 -4 4 29 All other regions 1.4 0.5 0.8 0.1 0.1 6 14 33

141 142 Trade by sector bv 0321 90--Aoe2 139100-- - 100.0 213309 Above20 - - 25 10 99.0 392811 72.1 153600 Above 20 Above5 18 8 82.5 327270 Above 5 ol 97210091 ol 196100418 4 100.0 212906 Region World 18 9 100.0 396752 World Region upir Suppliers Suppliers (Million dollarsandpercentage) Imports ofofficeandtelecomequipmentselectedeconomiesbyregion andsupplier, 2004 Table IV.45 owy670238Asrla1401030 12 0 5 52 0.1 -1 0.1 -12 134 30 32 -57 177 0.1 9 6 -9 0 0.3 266 17 0.5 0.2 672 0.6 -17 12 972 32 513 -10 1260 0.8 13 -4 Australia -22 3 -10 0.6 -17 Norway 1778 2.9 -4 8 Switzerland 3.1 1280 1.9 19 6259 3 4.5 -3 CostaRica 6569 3 -6 4011 7 0 3 Hungary 9643 18 0.2 2 Brazil 6 0.3 9 Israel -9 16 6.0 HongKong,China 637 11 0.4 9 25 Indonesia -3 1088 -6 79 10.2 10 6.3 25 5 5 12750 1466 30 216 0.4 56 10.7 9 21770 Thailand 12.6 2 13427 0.4 47 9 Philippines 17 9.0 Canada 0.4 22862 1641 26725 37 Singapore 0.4 22 1723 0.1 19237 0.6 0.7 1589 16 4 EuropeanUnion(25) 18 29.6 1725 4 28 -2 137 2281 -9 2655 Norway 63006 21 1.1 9 22 14 1 Israel Taipei,Chinese 15 1.0 8 Malaysia 10 Mexico 1.4 1 -35 4444 -7 2.7 United ArabEmirates Korea,Republicof 6.2 3925 37 4 Indonesia 5510 2.9 Japan Mexico 11 76.9 0.6 22 10900 15.6 Canada 13214 12 12 0.6 163659 11342 Switzerland 2 41 1269 13 33293 3.7 26 Costa Rica 5.4 61 1316 Africa -4 Turkey -22 China 4.0 14618 Hong Kong,China 21337 12.6 0.0 6.0 25 Thailand 16 15718 Philippines SouthandCentralAmerica 31 49989 3 18 23949 Malaysia NorthAmerica Europe Singapore Middle East 0.2 CommonwealthofIndependentStates 45 Asia Korea, Republicof 54.5 23 40 3 818 37 216276 8 17 24 Taipei, Chinese -2 8 0.7 3 11 Japan 35.4 United States 6.8 2909 0.7 China 0.1 56.0 140289 European Union(25) 27139 2779 222031 212 Commonwealth ofIndependentStates Africa South andCentralAmerica Middle East North America Asia Europe au hr hneVleSaechange Share Value change Share Value 0420 0320 0420 032004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 uoenUin(5 UnitedStates European Union(25) nulpretg Annualpercentage Annual percentage Table IV.45 (continued) Imports of office and telecom equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

China a Japan

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 128714 100.0 45 34 World 64277 100.0 11 18

Asia 112112 87.1 54 34 Asia 51971 80.9 18 23 North America 8250 6.4 -7 27 North America 9117 14.2 -9 2 Europe 7213 5.6 13 43 Europe 2885 4.5 -8 0 South and Central America 657 0.5 185 14 South and Central America 145 0.2 27 -20 Middle East 284 0.2 39 143 Middle East 144 0.2 -13 73 Africa 160 0.1 17 52 Africa 10 0.0 8 17 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 38 0.0 -45 26 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 6 0.0 162 64

Suppliers Suppliers

Japan 21562 16.8 45 15 China 20630 32.1 39 35 Taipei, Chinese 20361 15.8 44 37 United States 8433 13.1 -8 2 China 19503 15.2 83 55 Taipei, Chinese 7682 12.0 3 14 Korea, Republic of 16989 13.2 50 40 Korea, Republic of 7099 11.0 23 15 Malaysia 10863 8.4 59 35 Malaysia 4859 7.6 6 15

Above 5 89278 69.4 53 34 Above 5 48703 75.8 14 20

Philippines 7693 6.0 110 42 Philippines 4150 6.5 -4 24 European Union (25) 7053 5.5 15 46 Thailand 3240 5.0 15 23 United States 6967 5.4 -10 30 European Union (25) 2831 4.4 -9 -1 Singapore 5591 4.3 60 34 Singapore 2785 4.3 7 4 Thailand 4778 3.7 83 36 Indonesia 1044 1.6 11 17

Hong Kong, China 3468 2.7 1 0 Hong Kong, China 348 0.5 -8 3 Indonesia 1143 0.9 26 43 Mexico 346 0.5 -32 1 Mexico 796 0.6 16 2 Canada 338 0.5 6 2 Costa Rica 626 0.5 207 13 Israel 143 0.2 -13 73 Canada 486 0.4 0 28 Costa Rica 139 0.2 69 -20

Israel 283 0.2 39 144 Viet Nam 104 0.2 97 6

Morocco 157 0.1 18 58 Switzerland 35 0.1 26 36 by sector Trade Switzerland 110 0.1 80 26 Norway 18 0.0 36 0 Australia 80 0.1 68 17 Australia 14 0.0 4 -43 Viet Nam 42 0.0 83 137 Morocco 8 0.0 -2 42

Above 20 128554 99.9 - - Above 20 64246 100.0 - - a In 2004, China reported imports from China accounting for 15 percent of its office and telecom equipment imports. For further information, see box 2.

143 Table IV.46 Leading exporters and importers of office and telecom equipment, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 316.8 - - 29.2 27.9 3 -3 8 14 extra-EU (25) exports 100.6 - - 8.8 8.9 4 -8 17 21 China a, b 171.8 0.1 1.0 4.5 15.2 41 45 56 46 United States 121.3 19.5 17.3 15.9 10.7 -6 -14 3 8 Japan 102.4 21.1 22.5 11.2 9.0 -1 -2 11 14 Hong Kong, China 91.4 2.8---- 4.3 5.2 8.1 16 19 22 26 domestic exports 1.9 2.0 1.6 0.4 0.2 -18 -23 -35 23 re-exports 89.5 0.8---- 2.7 4.8 7.9 18 21 24 26

Singapore 86.2 3.2 6.4 7.7 7.6 4 2 10 24 domestic exports 37.0 2.5 4.9 4.3 3.3 -3 -3 5 14 re-exports 49.2 0.7 1.5 3.3 4.3 11 7 15 33 Korea, Republic of 82.6 2.0 4.8 6.1 7.3 9 19 21 29 Taipei, Chinese 56.5 3.2 4.7 6.0 5.0 -1 4 5 13 Malaysia a 56.2 1.4 2.7 5.4 5.0 2 7 4 13 Mexico a, c 36.3 0.1 1.5 3.5 3.2 2 -6 -3 16

Philippines a, c 23.9 0.8 0.6 2.6 2.1 -1 10 5 1 Thailand c 21.4 0.0 1.2 1.9 1.9 8 5 14 10 Canada 11.5 2.0 1.9 2.1 1.0 -14 -23 -1 18 Indonesia 6.6 0.1 0.0 0.8 0.6 -3 3 -9 18 Israel 5.3 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.5 -7 -25 -3 21

Above 15 1100.6 - - 98.1 97.1 ----

Importers

European Union (25) 396.8 - - 34.8 34.5 4 -2 9 18 extra-EU (25) imports 180.5 - - 15.1 15.7 5 -4 18 20 United States 212.9 15.9 21.1 21.9 18.5 0 0 4 18 China a, b 128.7 0.6 1.3 4.5 11.2 30 34 45 34 Hong Kong, China 97.5 2.4---- 4.1 6.0 8.5 13 13 19 26 retained imports ...... Trade by sector Trade Japan 64.3 2.6 3.7 6.2 5.6 1 -6 11 18

Singapore 62.7 2.6 4.5 5.5 5.4 4 1 11 28 retained imports 13.4 1.9 2.9 2.2 1.2 -11 -13 -2 10 Malaysia a 39.3 1.6 1.9 3.3 3.4 5 16 7 14 Taipei, Chinese 36.6 1.4 2.5 3.9 3.2 -1 9 1 14 Korea, Republic of 35.3 1.3 2.6 3.5 3.1 1 6 14 10 Mexico a, c, d 34.7 0.9 1.5 2.9 3.0 5 -5 -1 24

Canada d 24.8 4.1 3.5 3.1 2.2 -5 -13 3 18 Philippines a, c 17.5 0.8 0.7 1.2 1.5 8 13 37 1 Thailand c 17.4 0.2 1.1 1.4 1.5 5 1 10 17 Australia 13.2 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.2 5 4 19 29 Switzerland 8.4 1.8 1.6 0.8 0.7 1 -9 11 16

Above 15 1092.6 - - 94.0 95.0 ----

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones. b In 2004, China reported imports of office and telecom equipment from China amounting to nearly $20 billion. For further information, see box 2. c Includes Secretariat estimates. d Imports are valued f.o.b.

144 Table IV.47 Exports of office and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise exports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World 298551 I 964278 848673 950628 1133782 15.4 12.7

Argentina 119 93 110 68 75 0.4 0.2 Australia 738 1781 1416 1550 1683 2.9 1.7 Belarus - 99 113 119 145 1.4 1.1 Brazil 692 2376 2215 2124 2019 4.3 2.1 Bulgaria ... 33 69 112 121 0.7 1.2 Canada 5622 20631 9843 9767 11526 7.5 3.6 China b 3126 43498 75522 117939 171782 17.5 29.0 Costa Rica b, c ... 1688 983 1497 1200 28.8 19.1 Croatia - 87 172 189 248 2.0 3.1 European Union (25) - 281895 257104 278332 316828 11.6 8.5 intra-EU (25) exports - 196733 185866 195318 216276 12.0 8.6 extra-EU (25) exports - 85162 71238 83014 100552 10.7 8.4

Hong Kong, China 12886 50066 59527 72340 91388 24.7 34.4 domestic exports 4772 3997 2318 1510 1851 17.0 9.3 re-exports 8114 46069 57209 70830 89537 25.7 36.5 India 182 480 587 831 ... 1.1 1.9 Indonesia 124 7280 6144 5573 6570 11.1 9.1 Israel 1226 6939 4483 4337 5259 22.1 13.6 Japan 67032 108179 81236 90050 102363 22.6 18.1 Jordan 4 36 51 73 120 1.9 3.0 Korea, Republic of 14339 58686 52629 63815 82584 34.1 32.5 Macao, China 14 19 16 43 65 0.8 2.3 Malaysia b 8207 52382 47827 49678 56172 53.3 44.4 Mauritius b 3 2 14 42 45 0.1 2.3

Mexico b, c 4535 34042 32249 31359 36320 20.5 19.2 Morocco b, c 114 I 506 525 644 683 6.8 7.0 New Zealand 95 231 246 273 341 1.7 1.7 Norway 655 1142 967 1080 1189 1.9 1.5 Philippines b, c 1835 25138 22724 23776 23915 63.2 60.3 Romania 33 513 540 567 647 4.9 2.8 Russian Federation c - 294 369 384 556 0.3 0.3 Singapore 19235 73820 62892 69466 86222 53.6 48.0 domestic exports 14685 41523 30868 32501 36979 52.8 37.5 re-exports 4549 32297 32025 36965 49243 54.6 60.8 South Africa ... 409 400 472 597 1.4 1.3 Switzerland 1520 2909 1827 1979 2403 3.6 2.0

Taipei, Chinese 14105 57821 47678 49841 56529 39.0 32.6 by sector Trade Thailand c 3520 18681 17025 19481 21433 27.1 22.0 Tunisia 24 49 62 75 107 0.8 1.1 Turkey 259 1008 1597 1980 2930 3.6 4.6 Ukraine c - 94 100 271 363 0.6 1.1 United States 51658 153399 109144 112524 121295 19.6 14.8 Viet Nam ... 652 556 ...... 4.5 3.3 a Or nearest year. b Includes significant exports from processing zones. c Includes Secretariat estimates.

145 Table IV.48 Imports of office and telecom equipment of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise imports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Algeria 253 444 588 879 1246 4.8 6.8 Argentina b 305 3371 361 975 1980 13.4 8.9 Australia c 4343 10771 8634 10259 13233 15.1 12.5 Belarus - 194 205 266 377 2.2 2.3 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela c 367 1189 724 498 1268 7.3 8.5 Brazil 1514 7900 4919 5104 7137 13.5 10.8 Bulgaria ... 300 445 627 749 4.6 5.2 Canada c 10475 30418 20393 21047 24840 12.7 9.1 Chile 456 1681 1328 1295 1788 9.1 7.2 China d 4058 44427 66411 96258 128714 19.7 22.9

Colombia 364 1048 1262 1518 1736 9.1 10.4 Costa Rica b, d 84 I 977 1543 1706 1490 15.3 18.0 Croatia - 418 738 910 1040 5.3 6.3 Ecuador 57 200 535 686 841 5.4 10.7 Egypt b 226 593 529 431 461 4.2 3.6 El Salvador b, d ... 325 214 256 421 6.6 6.7 European Union (25) e - 342530 307166 335651 396752 13.4 10.5 extra-EU (25) imports - 148952 126597 149834 180476 16.2 14.1 Guatemala 61 419 452 446 594 8.6 7.6 Hong Kong, China 12326 59370 64954 77425 97472 27.7 35.7 retained imports ...... India 662 2708 4359 6009 ... 5.3 7.8

Indonesia 892 705 925 1138 1796 1.6 3.3 Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... 530 987 1337 ... 3.7 5.1 Israel 939 4894 3277 3088 4197 13.7 10.2 Japan 11273 60866 49298 54538 64277 16.0 14.1 Jordan 56 201 271 312 438 4.4 5.4 Kazakhstan b - 261 398 434 ... 5.2 5.2 Kenya 124 142 187 152 239 4.6 5.3 Korea, Republic of 7741 34012 28022 32025 35348 21.2 15.7 Kuwait 128 409 ...... 5.7 5.1 Lebanon ... 254 284 263 ... 4.1 3.7

Macao, China 64 104 230 290 409 4.6 11.8 Malaysia d 5744 32405 32022 34403 39273 39.5 37.3 Mexico b, c, d 4640 29011 28305 28023 34661 16.6 17.5 Morocco d 306 I 1212 747 848 1252 10.5 7.1 New Zealand 905 1618 1373 1734 2089 11.6 9.0 Norway 1732 3352 3144 3561 4468 9.7 9.3 Oman 99 176 308 283 411 3.5 4.6 Pakistan 236 372 477 728 838 3.4 4.7 Panama b 65 244 248 254 284 7.2 8.0 Trade by sector Trade Paraguay b 320 224 151 145 256 10.2 9.7

Peru 100 656 611 747 873 8.9 8.6 Philippines b, d 2044 11982 16551 17414 17495 32.4 41.3 Romania 211 1258 1303 1680 2257 9.6 6.9 Russian Federation b - 3115 5160 6226 7928 7.0 8.2 Saudi Arabia 811 1242 1628 1871 ... 4.1 6.0 Serbia and Montenegro b - 145 373 475 ... 3.9 6.0 Singapore 13392 54107 44440 49153 62678 40.2 38.3 retained imports 8842 21810 12415 12188 13435 28.9 16.2 South Africa c ... 3364 2918 3571 5238 12.6 11.0 Sri Lanka 51 259 192 278 314 3.6 3.9 Switzerland 4797 8045 6512 7238 8369 9.7 7.5

Taipei, Chinese 7438 38646 31781 32059 36627 27.6 22.0 Thailand b 3421 14055 13468 14805 17362 22.7 18.2 Tunisia 149 318 365 540 602 3.7 4.7 Turkey 1234 5522 3245 4166 6200 10.1 6.4 Ukraine b - 327 441 639 924 2.3 3.2 United Arab Emirates b 698 3242 4670 ...... 12.1 14.4 United States 63365 215544 173175 180548 212906 17.1 14.0 Viet Nam ... 1038 963 ...... 6.6 4.9

a Or nearest year. b Includes Secretariat estimates. c Imports are valued f.o.b. d Includes significant imports into processing zones. e See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU (25) imports.

146 Table IV.49 Imports of EDP and office equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

European Union (25) United States

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 179159 100.0 14 15 World 95643 100.0 5 16

Europe 99696 55.6 12 16 Asia 79718 83.3 8 19 Asia 63623 35.5 20 18 North America 9626 10.1 -14 5 North America 14803 8.3 4 3 Europe 5842 6.1 6 2 Middle East 512 0.3 18 19 Middle East 251 0.3 -10 16 Africa 120 0.1 -1 37 South and Central America 195 0.2 -14 12 South and Central America 78 0.0 62 -25 Africa 8 0.0 118 -59 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 55 0.0 -2 -15 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2 0.0 -72 65

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 98811 55.2 12 16 China 36575 38.2 54 50 China 26162 14.6 64 38 Malaysia 11371 11.9 10 12 United States 13517 7.5 2 5 Japan 9485 9.9 -5 3 Taipei, Chinese 9678 5.4 7 2 Mexico 7749 8.1 -15 3 Japan 7389 4.1 0 4 Singapore 7205 7.5 -4 -4

Above 5 155557 86.8 15 17 Above 5 72386 75.7 14 23

Singapore 5765 3.2 11 8 Taipei, Chinese 6255 6.5 -19 -13 Korea, Republic of 3914 2.2 5 2 European Union (25) 5738 6.0 6 2 Malaysia 3668 2.0 6 19 Korea, Republic of 4060 4.2 -18 5 Thailand 2376 1.3 16 23 Thailand 2487 2.6 -16 21 Hong Kong, China 2081 1.2 25 12 Canada 1877 2.0 -10 13

Philippines 1729 1.0 -20 0 Philippines 1289 1.3 -23 -33 Mexico 741 0.4 30 -16 Indonesia 531 0.6 -6 16 Indonesia 619 0.3 14 7 Hong Kong, China 315 0.3 -18 -7 Switzerland 595 0.3 9 10 Israel 247 0.3 -11 17 Canada 544 0.3 18 -15 Costa Rica 122 0.1 -5 14

Israel 311 0.2 7 4 Switzerland 68 0.1 -13 15 Norway 177 0.1 -11 -4 Viet Nam 51 0.1 263 -19 Trade by sector Trade United Arab Emirates 121 0.1 86 56 Australia 42 0.0 -21 13 Australia 86 0.0 -11 15 Brazil 33 0.0 -33 -33 India 65 0.0 10 48 India 32 0.0 16 30

Above 20 178349 99.5 - - Above 20 95533 99.9 - -

147 Table IV.49 (continued)

Imports of EDP and office equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage) China a Japan

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 29632 100.0 42 22 World 27104 100.0 10 12

Asia 25747 86.9 52 25 Asia 22319 82.3 17 15 North America 2383 8.0 -2 -1 North America 3360 12.4 -15 -2 Europe 1468 5.0 11 30 Europe 1322 4.9 -7 -1 Middle East 27 0.1 64 24 Middle East 88 0.3 3 110 South and Central America 6 0.0 342 -86 South and Central America 13 0.0 37 71 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1 0.0 750 69 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1 0.0 579 12 Africa 0 0.0 -84 -71 Africa 1 0.0 28 -36

Suppliers Suppliers

China 8521 28.8 70 44 China 12015 44.3 53 30 Japan 3845 13.0 39 19 United States 3056 11.3 -12 -1 Thailand 2509 8.5 97 28 Taipei, Chinese 2368 8.7 -18 -19 Taipei, Chinese 2269 7.7 9 -7 Korea, Republic of 1954 7.2 3 22 Korea, Republic of 2227 7.5 48 40 Philippines 1653 6.1 -9 11

Above 5 19371 65.4 50 28 Above 5 21046 77.6 13 15

United States 1928 6.5 -6 0 Singapore 1475 5.4 2 -6 Singapore 1812 6.1 45 16 European Union (25) 1300 4.8 -7 -2 Philippines 1633 5.5 157 21 Thailand 1187 4.4 9 26 Malaysia 1596 5.4 54 7 Malaysia 1172 4.3 17 1 European Union (25) 1445 4.9 11 30 Indonesia 311 1.1 1 19

Indonesia 732 2.5 33 27 Mexico 154 0.6 -51 -10 Hong Kong, China 541 1.8 2 12 Canada 150 0.6 10 -10 Mexico 371 1.3 6 -12 Hong Kong, China 139 0.5 9 -8 Canada 83 0.3 83 14 Israel 88 0.3 3 111 Australia 38 0.1 460 22 Viet Nam 30 0.1 985 -37

Israel 27 0.1 64 25 Switzerland 17 0.1 26 72 Viet Nam 20 0.1 365 290 Australia 10 0.0 17 -16 Trade by sector Trade Switzerland 18 0.1 48 35 Costa Rica 10 0.0 51 38 Norway 5 0.0 10 -2 Norway 5 0.0 36 -52 Costa Rica 4 0.0 361 -88 Brazil 3 0.0 -60 1494

Above 20 29625 100.0 - - Above 20 27096 100.0 - -

a In 2004, China reported imports from China accounting for nearly 29 percent of its EDP and office equipment imports. For further information, see box 2.

148 Table IV.50 Leading exporters and importers of EDP and office equipment, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 129.8 30.5 30.9 3 -3 14 11 extra-EU (25) exports 31.0 7.1 7.4 4 -2 11 14 China a, b 87.1 5.0 20.7 47 54 73 39 United States 43.9 15.5 10.5 -7 -20 3 7 Hong Kong, China 28.3 4.4-- 6.7 15 15 19 16 domestic exports 0.7 0.3 0.2 -8 -8 -6 7 re-exports 27.6 4.2-- 6.6 16 16 20 17 Singapore 27.7 8.4 6.6 -3 -6 -1 8 domestic exports 19.1 6.0 4.5 -4 1 0 0 re-exports 8.6 2.4 2.0 -1 -21 -2 33

Japan 25.8 9.5 6.1 -7 -10 -6 7 Korea, Republic of 21.5 5.3 5.1 2 22 10 19 Malaysia a 20.2 5.6 4.8 -1 7 -6 20 Taipei, Chinese 19.4 7.9 4.6 -10 -2 -11 -7 Mexico a, c 13.8 3.2 3.3 4 -8 10 3

Thailand c 9.2 2.4 2.2 4 -2 6 11 Philippines a, c 7.6 1.9 1.8 -3 2 -3 10 Canada 3.5 1.5 0.8 -10 -29 1 11 Indonesia 2.7 0.8 0.6 -3 8 -16 46 Israel 0.9 0.2 0.2 0 -10 6 33

Above 15 414.0 98.0 98.5 ----

Importers

European Union (25) 179.2 39.8 41.8 4 -2 14 15 extra-EU (25) imports 80.3 17.5 18.8 5 0 17 15 United States 95.6 24.7 22.3 0 2 5 16 China a, b 29.6 2.8 6.9 29 35 42 22 Japan 27.1 7.2 6.3 0 -6 10 12 Hong Kong, China 26.9 4.8-- 6.3 10 6 18 13 Trade by sector Trade retained imports ......

Singapore 15.5 4.4 3.6 -2 -6 -1 13 retained imports 6.9 2.1 1.6 -3 15 1 -4 Mexico a, c, d 12.0 1.5 2.8 25 11 14 18 Canada d 10.9 3.2 2.5 -3 -12 3 12 Malaysia a 8.4 1.2 2.0 17 19 15 35 Taipei, Chinese 6.1 2.7 1.4 -12 14 -20 -5

Australia d 6.0 1.3 1.4 5 7 13 23 Korea, Republic of 5.9 2.0 1.4 -7 -3 -1 8 Thailand c 5.0 1.0 1.2 6 -3 15 14 Switzerland 4.4 1.2 1.0 -1 -9 7 9 Philippines a, c 4.0 0.6 0.9 14 -3 42 -7

Above 15 e 409.7 91.2 95.6 ---- a Includes significant shipments through processing zones. b In 2004, China reported imports of EDP and office equipment from China amounting to nearly $9 billion. For further information, see box 2. c Includes Secretariat estimates. d Imports are valued f.o.b. e Excludes retained imports of Hong Kong, China.

149 Table IV.51 Exports of EDP and office equipment of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise exports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World ... 370921 327649 367778 420244 5.9 4.7

Argentina 114 41 42 22 21 0.2 0.1 Australia 492 811 877 872 831 1.3 0.9 Brazil 172 493 236 271 334 0.9 0.3 Bulgaria ... 14 24 38 59 0.3 0.6 Canada 2708 5516 3143 3179 3544 2.0 1.1 China b 375 18638 36228 62506 87101 7.5 14.7 Costa Rica b, c ... 1628 903 1375 803 27.8 12.8 Croatia - 11 24 34 54 0.2 0.7 European Union (25) - 113163 102603 117305 129824 4.6 3.5 intra-EU (25) exports - 86937 78133 90130 98811 5.3 3.9 extra-EU (25) exports - 26226 24470 27175 31013 3.3 2.6 Hong Kong, China 3518 16402 20399 24288 28287 8.1 10.7 domestic exports 2086 937 676 632 678 4.0 3.4 re-exports 1432 15465 19723 23655 27609 8.6 11.2

India 112 274 275 424 ... 0.6 0.7 Indonesia 1 3041 2226 1868 2729 4.6 3.8 Israel 421 902 638 676 902 2.9 2.3 Japan 24832 35209 25690 24157 25832 7.3 4.6 Jordan 2 13 15 19 28 0.7 0.7 Korea, Republic of 2702 19633 16445 18069 21539 11.4 8.5 Macao, China 7 12 6 25 39 0.5 1.4 Malaysia b 676 20689 17988 16855 20188 21.1 16.0 Mexico b, c ... 11757 12192 13370 13798 7.1 7.3 Morocco b 0 2 4 18 23 0.0 0.4

New Zealand 53 82 86 99 113 0.6 0.6 Norway 350 460 336 336 300 0.8 0.4 Philippines b, c ... 7208 7153 6943 7605 18.1 19.2 Romania ... 131 21 66 57 1.3 0.2 Russian Federation c - 70 87 59 97 0.1 0.1 Singapore 9205 31118 25707 25518 27662 22.6 15.4 domestic exports 8022 22320 19059 19033 19068 28.4 19.3 re-exports 1183 8799 6649 6485 8594 14.9 10.6 South Africa ... 141 123 131 126 0.5 0.3 Sri Lanka ...... 54 63 66 ... 1.3 Switzerland 617 1359 634 673 658 1.7 0.6 Taipei, Chinese 6673 29309 23515 20953 19430 19.8 11.2 Trade by sector Trade Thailand c 1562 8790 7832 8292 9231 12.7 9.5 Tunisia 2 2 6 11 36 0.0 0.4 Turkey 20 63 40 41 52 0.2 0.1 Ukraine c - 16 8 56 145 0.1 0.4 United States 27766 57595 39744 41050 43948 7.4 5.4 Viet Nam ... 486 328 ...... 3.4 2.0

a Or nearest year. b Includes significant exports from processing zones. c Includes Secretariat estimates.

150 Table IV.52 Imports of EDP and office equipment of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise imports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Algeria 94 111 207 226 282 1.2 1.5 Argentina 120 1150 204 497 777 4.6 3.5 Australia b 2697 5043 4330 4893 6034 7.1 5.7 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela b 191 388 221 164 447 2.4 3.0 Brazil 469 2055 1457 1376 1635 3.5 2.5 Bulgaria ... 128 150 230 290 2.0 2.0 Canada b 5171 12042 9387 9679 10875 5.0 4.0 Chile 144 654 505 506 648 3.5 2.6 China c 772 10858 17094 24223 29632 4.8 5.3 Colombia 123 420 462 566 512 3.6 3.1

Costa Rica c, d 40 I 175 290 178 260 2.7 3.1 Croatia - 191 317 379 441 2.4 2.7 Ecuador 20 84 150 183 213 2.3 2.7 Egypt d 78 ... 221 175 199 ... 1.6 El Salvador c, d ... 109 99 109 117 2.2 1.9 European Union (25) e - 151706 135898 155118 179159 5.9 4.7 extra-EU (25) imports - 66710 60165 70159 80348 7.3 6.3 Guatemala 25 130 133 128 142 2.7 1.8 Hong Kong, China 2278 18341 20101 23679 26851 8.6 9.8 retained imports ...... Iceland 39 103 80 100 121 4.0 3.4 India 237 1482 1549 2004 ... 2.9 2.6

Indonesia 246 215 281 330 401 0.5 0.7 Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... 155 337 416 ... 1.1 1.6 Israel 436 1717 1279 1290 1479 4.8 3.6 Japan 5335 27551 22078 24208 27104 7.3 6.0 Jordan 14 65 100 110 124 1.4 1.5 Kazakhstan d - 68 135 116 ... 1.3 1.4 Korea, Republic of 1813 7711 5487 5434 5882 4.8 2.6 Lebanon ... 100 121 117 ... 1.6 1.6 Macao, China 24 21 51 101 150 0.9 4.3 Malaysia c 686 4450 5473 6273 8442 5.4 8.0

Mexico b, c, d ... 5651 8944 10182 11997 3.2 6.1 Morocco c 70 I 195 206 236 291 1.7 1.6 New Zealand 446 734 732 905 1048 5.3 4.5 Norway 1046 1710 1704 1853 2249 5.0 4.7 Oman 43 70 101 100 136 1.4 1.5 Pakistan 47 204 218 212 229 1.9 1.3 Panama d 22 107 95 99 102 3.2 2.9 Paraguay d 25 114 78 77 122 5.2 4.6 Peru 47 278 230 266 323 3.7 3.2

Philippines c, d ... 2428 3906 4276 3990 6.6 9.4 by sector Trade

Qatar 18 53 79 96 99 1.6 1.6 Romania ... 306 401 569 742 2.3 2.3 Russian Federation d - 741 1294 1258 1437 1.7 1.5 Saudi Arabia 255 381 457 540 ... 1.3 1.5 Serbia and Montenegro d - 67 168 207 ... 1.8 2.6 Singapore 4352 16682 13760 13690 15517 12.4 9.5 retained imports 3169 7883 7112 7205 6923 10.4 8.4 South Africa b ... 1205 1080 1616 2330 4.5 4.9 Sri Lanka 18 99 82 114 104 1.4 1.3 Switzerland 2823 4568 3755 4003 4372 5.5 3.9 Taipei, Chinese 1574 10310 8011 6414 6085 7.4 3.7

Thailand d 1114 3821 3803 4384 5012 6.2 5.3 Tunisia 58 135 142 168 196 1.6 1.5 Turkey 471 1591 985 1212 1766 2.9 1.8 Ukraine d - 104 132 196 172 0.7 0.6 United States 27499 94193 78544 82433 95643 7.5 6.3 Viet Nam ... 217 277 ...... 1.4 1.4

a Or nearest year. b Imports are valued f.o.b. c Includes significant imports into processing zones. d Includes Secretariat estimates. e See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU (25) imports.

151 Table IV.53 Imports of telecommunications equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

European Union (25) United States

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 148661 100.0 12 23 World 89442 100.0 7 23

Europe 87197 58.7 5 15 Asia 62622 70.0 15 29 Asia 51476 34.6 36 40 North America 21087 23.6 -4 21 North America 6566 4.4 -17 6 Europe 4424 4.9 -7 -5 Middle East 2263 1.5 49 51 Middle East 666 0.7 2 5 South and Central America 466 0.3 1 196 South and Central America 614 0.7 -4 -49 Africa 288 0.2 28 17 Africa 23 0.0 63 27 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 129 0.1 22 12 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 6 0.0 -14 -2

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 82837 55.7 4 14 China 25023 28.0 19 43 China 21333 14.4 56 44 Mexico 17600 19.7 -2 23 Japan 9878 6.6 22 17 Korea, Republic of 11157 12.5 25 38 Korea, Republic of 7892 5.3 37 81 Japan 10046 11.2 4 11 United States 5007 3.4 -19 -1 Malaysia 6739 7.5 18 2

Above 5 126947 85.4 10 21 Above 5 70566 78.9 11 27

Taipei, Chinese 3449 2.3 53 39 European Union (25) 4234 4.7 -8 -6 Turkey 2607 1.8 17 56 Canada 3488 3.9 -14 13 Malaysia 2552 1.7 -5 21 Taipei, Chinese 3380 3.8 24 23 Singapore 1801 1.2 31 110 Thailand 3100 3.5 10 50 United Arab Emirates 1450 1.0 249 80 Indonesia 1073 1.2 -22 17

Thailand 1445 1.0 27 33 Singapore 947 1.1 -15 50 Hong Kong, China 1288 0.9 38 28 Hong Kong, China 697 0.8 46 24 Canada 998 0.7 -9 43 Israel 662 0.7 2 5 Indonesia 946 0.6 6 -3 Brazil 476 0.5 -6 -58 Switzerland 788 0.5 0 47 Philippines 284 0.3 -21 -17

Israel 665 0.4 -14 21 Norway 144 0.2 4 27

Trade by sector Trade Mexico 560 0.4 -3 32 Australia 81 0.1 16 52 Romania 495 0.3 97 35 Dominican Republic 55 0.1 2748 146 Philippines 485 0.3 8 76 Costa Rica 55 0.1 66 117 Norway 400 0.3 9 10 India 50 0.1 51 79

Above 20 146877 98.8 - - Above 20 89292 99.8 - -

152 Table IV.53 (continued) Imports of telecommunications equipment of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

China a Japan

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 24627 100.0 38 26 World 16082 100.0 8 25

Asia 20373 82.7 58 28 Asia 14012 87.1 15 31 Europe 2886 11.7 2 38 North America 1469 9.1 -15 0 North America 1270 5.2 -24 -13 Europe 548 3.4 -17 -21 Middle East 79 0.3 19 3 Middle East 49 0.3 -22 33 South and Central America 15 0.1 8 30 South and Central America 3 0.0 -73 -68 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2 0.0 -73 -79 Africa 1 0.0 10 -33 Africa 2 0.0 8 -60 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1 0.0 44 58

Suppliers Suppliers

China 6245 25.4 105 59 China 7101 44.2 22 37 Japan 4968 20.2 75 13 Malaysia 1849 11.5 -7 21 Korea, Republic of 4516 18.3 37 7 Korea, Republic of 1532 9.5 52 22 European Union (25) 2834 11.5 6 47 Thailand 1304 8.1 21 32 Taipei, Chinese 1621 6.6 32 29 United States 1231 7.7 -19 -2

Above 5 20183 82.0 53 28 Above 5 13017 80.9 12 27

United States 1007 4.1 -27 -12 Philippines 804 5.0 15 49 Hong Kong, China 855 3.5 10 4 Taipei, Chinese 686 4.3 -12 28 Malaysia 795 3.2 45 67 European Union (25) 526 3.3 -17 -22 Thailand 550 2.2 85 92 Indonesia 500 3.1 6 9

Singapore 416 1.7 24 86 Mexico 148 0.9 34 29

Philippines 244 1.0 77 98 Singapore 103 0.6 -42 28 Canada 186 0.8 -4 -28 Canada 89 0.6 6 -10 Indonesia 121 0.5 -10 66 Hong Kong, China 65 0.4 45 1 Israel 79 0.3 19 4 Viet Nam 61 0.4 6 48 Mexico 76 0.3 -29 56 Israel 49 0.3 -22 33

Australia 22 0.1 -19 -10 Norway 11 0.1 37 43

Norway 22 0.1 -6 17 Switzerland 10 0.1 16 12 by sector Trade Romania 16 0.1 -40 -87 Bangladesh 3 0.0 -90 3775 Switzerland 14 0.1 160 -56 Australia 3 0.0 -4 -75 Viet Nam 10 0.0 -4 100 India 1 0.0 -4 62

Above 20 24597 99.9 - - Above 20 16076 100.0 - - a In 2004, China reported imports from China accounting for nearly 25 percent of its telecommunications equipment imports. For further information, see box 2.

153 Table IV.54 Leading exporters and importers of telecommunications equipment, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 126.9 38.4 33.1 4 -2 8 16 extra-EU (25) exports 44.0 12.7 11.5 5 -11 17 27 China a, b 68.5 6.8 17.9 37 35 41 52 Hong Kong, China 36.8 6.8- 9.6- 17 22 23 30 domestic exports 0.0 0.2 0.0 -49 -69 -46 -54 re-exports 36.8 6.7- 9.6- 18 25 24 31 Korea, Republic of 36.6 5.0 9.6 26 26 32 37 Japan 35.9 10.7 9.4 4 2 24 17

United States 28.1 11.5 7.3 -4 -16 -5 18 Mexico a, c 19.9 6.7 5.2 1 -5 -13 26 Malaysia a 12.5 4.5 3.3 -1 -13 -2 20 Singapore 11.6 2.9 3.0 9 7 10 36 domestic exports 4.3 1.3 1.1 3 -10 8 58 re-exports 7.4 1.6 1.9 13 18 10 27 Taipei, Chinese 10.2 2.4 2.7 11 16 22 18

Canada 5.9 4.1 1.5 -16 -16 -4 23 Thailand c 5.8 1.4 1.5 15 19 17 19 Israel 3.1 1.5 0.8 -8 -25 -5 19 Indonesia 3.1 1.2 0.8 -3 0 -11 3 Turkey 2.9 0.3 0.7 32 56 25 49

Above 15 370.9 82.2 89.5 ----

Importers

European Union (25) 148.7 39.5 38.1 6 -1 12 23 extra-EU (25) imports 65.8 14.7 16.9 11 -4 25 37 United States 89.4 24.5 22.9 6 6 7 23 Hong Kong, China 34.0 7.1- 8.7- 13 14 16 26 retained imports ...... China a, b 24.6 4.2 6.3 19 6 38 26 Trade by sector Trade Japan 16.1 4.6 4.1 5 -11 8 25

Singapore 10.9 2.3 2.8 12 2 17 43 retained imports 3.6 0.8 0.9 11 -34 43 94 Mexico a, c, d 10.7 3.2 2.8 2 -15 3 33 Canada d 10.2 3.4 2.6 0 -3 5 19 Korea, Republic of 6.4 2.0 1.6 2 2 12 17 Australia d 6.3 1.7 1.6 7 1 24 37

Russian Federation c 5.7 0.7 1.5 27 19 23 36 Malaysia a 4.2 1.2 1.1 5 12 -8 22 Taipei, Chinese 3.8 1.6 1.0 -4 -13 9 11 Thailand c 3.2 0.6 0.8 11 13 -7 14 India e 3.2 0.2 1.0 ... 130 49 ...

Above 15 f 343.3 89.7 88.3 ----

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones. b In 2004, China reported imports of telecommunications equipment from China amounting to nearly $6 billion. For further information, see box 2. c Includes Secretariat estimates. d Imports are valued f.o.b. e 2003 instead of 2004. f Excludes retained imports of Hong Kong, China.

154 Table IV.55 Exports of telecommunication equipment of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise exports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World ... 286484 272139 305740 383181 4.6 4.3

Argentina 4 52 66 45 53 0.2 0.2 Australia 226 838 409 508 634 1.4 0.7 Belarus - 59 70 76 98 0.8 0.7 Brazil 442 1648 1730 1640 1474 3.0 1.5 Bulgaria ... 12 32 53 39 0.2 0.4 Canada 1642 11656 5031 4805 5907 4.2 1.9 China b 2623 19508 32017 45032 68497 7.8 11.5 Costa Rica b ... 9 29 26 139 0.2 2.2 Croatia - 73 97 109 136 1.7 1.7 European Union (25) - 109990 101426 109550 126879 4.5 3.4 intra-EU (25) exports - 73584 71691 74735 82837 4.5 3.3 extra-EU (25) exports - 36406 29735 34815 44042 4.6 3.7

Hong Kong, China 6806 19618 22878 28220 36824 9.7 13.9 domestic exports 2137 540 141 77 35 2.3 0.2 re-exports 4669 19078 22736 28143 36789 10.6 15.0 India 31 120 160 232 ... 0.3 0.4 Indonesia 105 3500 3359 2984 3079 5.4 4.3 Israel 662 4256 2724 2594 3088 13.6 8.0 Japan 28809 30516 24620 30638 35879 6.4 6.3 Jordan 2 19 33 51 90 1.0 2.3 Korea, Republic of 6273 14364 20150 26634 36600 8.3 14.4 Malaysia b 3209 12965 10631 10418 12484 13.2 9.9 Mauritius b 3 1 11 36 39 0.0 2.0 Mexico b, c ... 19221 18165 15817 19937 11.6 10.5

New Zealand 41 132 135 146 181 1.0 0.9 Norway 295 652 547 659 806 1.1 1.0 Oman 8 58 46 51 40 0.5 0.3 Philippines b, c ... 1267 1083 933 1125 3.2 2.8 Romania ... 337 491 482 545 3.2 2.3 Russian Federation c - 133 196 206 252 0.1 0.1 Singapore 6355 8266 7781 8524 11628 6.0 6.5 domestic exports 3820 3770 2510 2707 4268 4.8 4.3 re-exports 2535 4495 5271 5816 7359 7.6 9.1 South Africa ... 243 213 268 364 0.8 0.8 Switzerland 672 873 714 747 983 1.1 0.8 Taipei, Chinese 4996 6745 7075 8618 10177 4.5 5.9

Thailand c 1057 4014 4171 4882 5787 5.8 5.9 by sector Trade Tunisia 21 28 37 46 50 0.5 0.5 Turkey 238 934 1543 1924 2859 3.4 4.5 Ukraine c - 68 72 174 201 0.5 0.6 United States 9901 32980 24882 23705 28073 4.2 3.4 Viet Nam ... 81 159 ...... 0.6 0.9 a Or nearest year. b Includes significant exports from processing zones. c Includes Secretariat estimates.

155 Table IV.56 Imports of telecommunication equipment of selected economies , 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise imports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Algeria 130 298 339 601 877 3.3 4.8 Argentina b 123 2039 122 400 1029 8.1 4.6 Australia c 1383 4862 3686 4569 6256 6.8 5.9 Belarus - 57 113 158 178 0.7 1.1 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela c 162 760 470 315 793 4.7 5.3 Brazil 555 3206 1626 1693 2653 5.5 4.0 Bulgaria ... 144 247 327 368 2.2 2.5 Canada c 2972 10062 8100 8522 10182 4.2 3.7 Chile 303 960 751 715 1034 5.2 4.2 China d 2540 12413 14150 19512 24627 5.5 4.4

Colombia 218 597 770 919 1176 5.2 7.0 Costa Rica b, d 35 I 114 183 325 172 1.8 2.1 Croatia - 210 351 459 515 2.7 3.1 Ecuador 32 110 374 488 615 2.9 7.8 Egypt b 132 ... 264 217 228 ... 1.8 El Salvador b, d ... 207 109 138 290 4.2 4.6 European Union (25) e - 115743 108198 120678 148661 4.5 3.9 extra-EU (25) imports - 43099 38628 48119 65824 4.7 5.1 Guatemala 34 283 298 307 ... 5.8 4.6 Hong Kong, China 6343 20742 23254 26925 33966 9.7 12.4 retained imports ...... India 173 701 2135 3173 ... 1.4 4.1

Indonesia 490 403 531 704 1215 0.9 2.2 Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... 256 463 694 ... 1.8 2.7 Israel 304 1669 1362 1080 1447 4.7 3.5 Japan 2620 13470 11952 12910 16082 3.5 3.5 Jordan 39 131 161 191 296 2.9 3.6 Kazakhstan b - 169 235 288 ... 3.4 3.4 Kenya 105 95 129 85 151 3.1 3.3 Korea, Republic of 1368 5830 4910 5486 6405 3.6 2.9 Macao, China 35 68 167 179 244 3.0 7.0 Malaysia d 1246 3442 3673 3393 4151 4.2 3.9

Mexico b, c, d ... 9398 7829 8033 10730 5.4 5.4 Morocco d 127 I 727 350 399 652 6.3 3.7 New Zealand 440 808 568 731 995 5.8 4.3 Norway 576 1425 1299 1535 2014 4.1 4.2 Oman 56 105 203 153 269 2.1 3.0 Pakistan 183 158 245 486 575 1.5 3.2 Panama b 43 132 149 152 182 3.9 5.2 Paraguay b 293 107 72 65 132 4.9 5.0 Peru 51 367 371 465 530 5.0 5.2 Trade by sector Trade Philippines b, d ... 1949 1321 1425 1566 5.3 3.7

Romania ... 561 550 717 1103 4.3 3.4 Russian Federation b - 2190 3402 4177 5671 4.9 5.9 Saudi Arabia 543 811 1138 1303 ... 2.7 3.5 Serbia and Montenegro b - 60 172 208 ... 1.6 2.6 Singapore 4551 6870 6561 7661 10934 5.1 6.7 retained imports 2016 2374 1290 1844 3575 3.1 4.3 South Africa c ... 1859 1614 1723 2615 7.0 5.5 Sri Lanka 30 155 101 148 184 2.2 2.3 Switzerland 1597 2512 2165 2487 3083 3.0 2.8 Taipei, Chinese 1744 4597 3184 3471 3837 3.3 2.3 Thailand b 994 1868 3065 2856 3175 3.0 3.3

Tunisia 64 148 182 326 348 1.7 2.7 Turkey 403 2993 1087 1530 2501 5.5 2.6 Ukraine b - 188 260 358 646 1.3 2.2 United States 22727 71769 67463 72510 89442 5.7 5.9 Viet Nam ... 331 411 ...... 2.1 2.1

a Or nearest year. b Includes Secretariat estimates. c Imports are valued f.o.b. d Includes significant imports into processing zones. e See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU (25) imports.

156 Table IV.57 Imports of integrated circuits and electronic components of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

European Union (25) United States

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 68932 100.0 -5 15 World 27821 100.0 -6 9

Europe 35138 51.0 -19 22 Asia 21319 76.6 -9 11 Asia 25189 36.5 17 10 Europe 2948 10.6 3 -4 North America 5770 8.4 2 -3 North America 2580 9.3 0 11 South and Central America 2235 3.2 7 26 South and Central America 506 1.8 31 -23 Africa 411 0.6 47 27 Middle East 351 1.3 7 12 Middle East 135 0.2 18 90 Africa 106 0.4 -15 15 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 29 0.0 -4 66 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 11 0.0 -2 42

Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 34628 50.2 -20 22 Korea, Republic of 4020 14.4 -3 17 United States 5425 7.9 0 -4 Taipei, Chinese 3792 13.6 -3 23 Malaysia 4680 6.8 29 -11 Malaysia 3660 13.2 -16 1 Japan 4070 5.9 19 12 Japan 3331 12.0 -13 18 Singapore 3775 5.5 3 20 European Union (25) 2777 10.0 3 -7

Above 5 52578 76.3 -10 14 Above 5 17579 63.2 -7 10

Philippines 3296 4.8 -4 1 Philippines 2438 8.8 -12 -16 Korea, Republic of 2812 4.1 29 14 Singapore 1491 5.4 2 14 Taipei, Chinese 2591 3.8 11 27 China 1408 5.1 15 53 China 2495 3.6 70 52 Mexico 1375 4.9 2 10 Costa Rica 2198 3.2 8 28 Canada 1204 4.3 -1 13

Thailand 623 0.9 12 2 Thailand 672 2.4 -2 8 Hong Kong, China 556 0.8 19 9 Costa Rica 495 1.8 40 -21 Switzerland 341 0.5 28 11 Israel 351 1.3 7 12 Morocco 287 0.4 45 15 Hong Kong, China 268 1.0 -49 13 Canada 181 0.3 100 -15 Indonesia 173 0.6 -10 21

Mexico 165 0.2 24 34 Switzerland 165 0.6 6 78 India 147 0.2 102 85 Morocco 102 0.4 -9 14 Trade by sector Trade Israel 111 0.2 28 80 India 36 0.1 -37 84 Indonesia 77 0.1 4 13 New Zealand 15 0.1 1 15 South Africa 73 0.1 59 102 Australia 11 0.0 25 -9

Above 20 68532 99.4 - - Above 20 27784 99.9 - -

157 Table IV.57 (continued) Imports of integrated circuits and electronic components of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

China a Singapore

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 74455 100.0 49 42 World 36227 100.0 15 30

Asia 65992 88.6 54 39 Asia 28136 77.7 14 33 North America 4597 6.2 1 73 Europe 4151 11.5 26 12 Europe 2859 3.8 29 56 North America 3526 9.7 7 37 South and Central America 636 0.9 188 21 Africa 209 0.6 11 10 Middle East 178 0.2 188 858 South and Central America 123 0.3 340 148 Africa 158 0.2 19 56 Middle East 81 0.2 28 33 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 35 0.0 28 85 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1 0.0 -48 83

Suppliers Suppliers

Taipei, Chinese 16471 22.1 57 47 Malaysia 8638 23.8 7 9 Japan 12748 17.1 38 14 Taipei, Chinese 5586 15.4 36 52 Korea, Republic of 10247 13.8 61 63 Japan 4101 11.3 -3 21 Malaysia 8471 11.4 62 39 Korea, Republic of 3296 9.1 34 63 Philippines 5816 7.8 99 48 European Union (25) 3242 8.9 32 12

Above 5 53754 72.2 55 39 Above 5 24863 68.6 15 25

China 4738 6.4 84 73 United States 3242 8.9 8 39 United States 4032 5.4 -2 76 Philippines 2836 7.8 15 64 Singapore 3363 4.5 77 41 China 1757 4.9 44 62 European Union (25) 2775 3.7 28 55 Hong Kong, China 987 2.7 12 40 Hong Kong, China 2073 2.8 -2 -4 Thailand 909 2.5 31 37

Thailand 1719 2.3 63 36 Switzerland 894 2.5 7 13 Costa Rica 620 0.8 199 21 Morocco 208 0.6 9 11 Mexico 349 0.5 48 12 Canada 147 0.4 7 -5 Indonesia 289 0.4 28 90 Mexico 137 0.4 5 43 Canada 216 0.3 -31 332 Costa Rica 122 0.3 429 149

Israel 177 0.2 188 871 Israel 75 0.2 21 38

Trade by sector Trade Morocco 157 0.2 20 58 India 10 0.0 -27 17 Switzerland 79 0.1 53 88 New Zealand 10 0.0 193 298 Russian Federation 31 0.0 22 79 United Arab Emirates 6 0.0 92 4 Australia 19 0.0 184 61 Australia 4 0.0 -8 -31

Above 20 74391 99.9 - - Above 20 36206 99.9 - -

a In 2004, China reported imports from China accounting for nearly 6 percent of its integrated circuits and electronic components imports. For further information, see box 2.

158 Table IV.58 Leading exporters and importers of integrated circuits and electronic components, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 60.1 19.1 18.2 1 -2 -3 17 extra-EU (25) exports 25.5 7.3 7.7 3 -12 23 21 United States 49.3 20.5 14.9 -6 -7 7 3 Singapore 46.9 11.2 14.2 8 8 20 32 domestic exports 13.6 5.0 4.1 -3 -8 16 27 re-exports 33.3 6.2 10.1 15 17 23 35 Japan 40.7 13.8 12.3 -1 3 14 15 Taipei, Chinese 26.9 7.1 8.1 5 11 19 33

Hong Kong, China 26.3 4.6- 8.0- 17 18 22 32 domestic exports 1.1 0.8 0.3 -18 -18 -47 42 re-exports 25.1 3.8- 7.6- 22 24 29 32 Korea, Republic of 24.4 8.0 7.4 0 9 19 28 Malaysia a 23.5 6.1 7.1 6 21 17 5 China a, b 16.2 1.7 4.9 32 48 43 56 Philippines a, c 15.2 5.4 4.6 3 15 10 2

Thailand c 6.4 1.9 1.9 7 7 26 2 Mexico a, c 2.6 1.0 0.8 -4 -8 15 19 Canada 2.1 1.1 0.6 -12 -31 7 16 Israel 1.3 0.6 0.4 -8 -31 -5 19 Indonesia 0.8 0.2 0.2 1 7 29 6

Above 15 317.5 98.8 96.1 ----

Importers

China a, b 74.5 6.8 22.4 37 49 49 42 European Union (25) 68.9 24.1 20.7 -2 -5 -5 15 extra-EU (25) imports 34.3 12.6 10.3 -3 -10 13 9 Hong Kong, China 36.7 6.5- 11.0- 16 19 24 37 retained imports 11.5 2.8 3.5 7 9 14 48 Singapore 36.2 9.8 10.9 4 4 15 30 Trade by sector Trade retained imports 2.9 3.7 0.9 -29 -34 -22 -6 United States 27.8 15.9 8.4 -13 -14 -6 9

Taipei, Chinese 26.7 7.6 8.0 3 12 8 20 Malaysia a 26.7 7.9 8.0 2 16 8 8 Korea, Republic of 23.1 6.6 6.9 3 11 20 9 Japan 21.1 6.4 6.3 2 -3 14 21 Philippines a, c 11.9 2.4 3.6 9 39 35 2

Mexico a, c, d 11.9 4.5 3.6 -4 -8 -15 22 Thailand c 9.2 2.7 2.8 3 -3 15 21 Canada d 3.8 2.7 1.1 -18 -33 -2 33 Brazil 2.8 0.8 0.9 2 -13 11 40 Turkey 1.9 0.3 0.6 20 51 21 36

Above 15 321.9 91.6 96.8 ---- a Includes significant shipments through processing zones. b In 2004, China reported imports of integrated circuits and electronic components from China amounting to nearly $5 billion. For further information, see box 2. c Includes Secretariat estimates. d Imports are valued f.o.b.

159 Table IV.59 Exports of integrated circuits and electronic components of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise exports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World ... 306873 248885 277109 330357 4.9 3.7

Australia 20 132 129 171 217 0.2 0.2 Belarus - 33 29 34 35 0.4 0.3 Brazil 79 234 250 213 212 0.4 0.2 Bulgaria ... 7 13 20 23 0.2 0.2 Canada 1271 3459 1669 1782 2074 1.3 0.7 China b 128 5352 7277 10401 16184 2.1 2.7 Costa Rica b ... 51 51 96 258 0.9 4.1 Croatia - 3 51 46 58 0.1 0.7 European Union (25) - 58742 53075 51477 60125 2.4 1.6 intra-EU (25) exports - 36212 36042 30453 34628 2.2 1.4 extra-EU (25) exports - 22530 17033 21024 25497 2.8 2.1 Hong Kong, China 2562 14046 16251 19832 26277 6.9 9.9 domestic exports 550 2520 1501 801 1138 10.7 5.7 re-exports 2012 11525 14750 19031 25139 6.4 10.2

India 39 86 152 175 ... 0.2 0.3 Indonesia 18 739 559 721 762 1.1 1.1 Israel 143 1782 1121 1067 1269 5.7 3.3 Japan 13391 42454 30927 35256 40653 8.9 7.2 Jordan 14333 0.20.1 Korea, Republic of 5364 24688 16034 19111 24446 14.3 9.6 Macao, China 13235 0.10.2 Malaysia b 4321 18729 19208 22406 23500 19.1 18.6 Mauritius b 10123 0.00.1 Mexico b, c ... 3064 1892 2172 2585 1.8 1.4

Morocco b, c 110 480 502 601 634 6.5 6.5 New Zealand 1 17 26 28 47 0.1 0.2 Norway 11 30 83 86 84 0.1 0.1 Philippines b, c ... 16663 14488 15900 15185 41.9 38.3 Romania ... 45 28 19 45 0.4 0.2 Russian Federation c - 91 86 119 208 0.1 0.1 Singapore 3675 34436 29404 35425 46933 25.0 26.1 domestic exports 2844 15433 9306 10761 13643 19.6 13.8 re-exports 830 19003 20098 24664 33290 32.2 41.1 South Africa ... 25 64 74 107 0.1 0.2 Switzerland 231 677 479 560 762 0.8 0.6 Taipei, Chinese 2435 21767 17089 20270 26922 14.7 15.5 Trade by sector Trade Thailand c 901 5876 5021 6307 6415 8.5 6.6 Tunisia 0 19 18 19 21 0.3 0.2 Turkey 1 11 14 15 20 0.0 0.0 Ukraine c - 10 20 41 17 0.1 0.1 United States 13991 62824 44518 47769 49274 8.0 6.0 Viet Nam ... 85 69 ...... 0.6 0.4

a Or nearest year. b Includes significant exports from processing zones. c Includes Secretariat estimates.

160 Table IV.60 Imports of integrated circuits and electronic components of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise imports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Algeria 27 34 42 53 87 0.4 0.5 Argentina 62 182 35 79 174 0.7 0.8 Australia b 263 867 618 797 943 1.2 0.9 Belarus - 45 52 63 122 0.5 0.7 Brazil 490 2639 1836 2035 2848 4.5 4.3 Bulgaria ... 28 48 71 91 0.4 0.6 Canada b 2333 8314 2906 2845 3784 3.5 1.4 Chile 9 67 72 74 106 0.4 0.4 China c 747 21156 35167 52523 74455 9.4 13.3 Colombia 24 31 30 32 48 0.3 0.3

Costa Rica c, d 10 I 688 1070 1203 1058 10.8 12.8 Croatia - 17 70 72 85 0.2 0.5 Egypt d 16 ... 44 39 34 ... 0.3 European Union (25) e - 75081 63071 59856 68932 2.9 1.8 extra-EU (25) imports - 39143 27804 31556 34304 4.3 2.7 Hong Kong, China 3705 20286 21598 26820 36654 9.5 13.4 retained imports 1692 8761 6849 7789 11515 25.1 42.1 India 251 525 674 832 ... 1.0 1.1 Indonesia 156 87 113 105 180 0.2 0.3 Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... 120 187 228 ... 0.8 0.9 Israel 198 1508 636 718 1271 4.2 3.1 Japan 3319 19846 15267 17420 21092 5.2 4.6

Korea, Republic of 4560 20470 17625 21105 23061 12.8 10.3 Malaysia c 3812 24513 22876 24736 26679 29.9 25.3 Mexico b, c, d ... 13961 11531 9809 11934 8.0 6.0 Morocco c 109 I 291 191 213 309 2.5 1.8 New Zealand 20 75 72 98 46 0.5 0.2 Norway 110 216 142 173 205 0.6 0.4 Pakistan 6 9 14 29 34 0.1 0.2 Philippines c, d ... 7605 11325 11713 11938 20.5 28.2 Romania ... 390 352 394 412 3.0 1.3 Russian Federation d - 184 464 791 820 0.4 0.9

Serbia and Montenegro d - 18 33 60 ... 0.5 0.8 Singapore 4489 30556 24119 27802 36227 22.7 22.1 retained imports 3659 11553 4020 3138 2937 15.3 3.5 South Africa b ... 301 224 232 293 1.1 0.6 Switzerland 377 965 592 748 915 1.2 0.8 Taipei, Chinese 4119 23740 20586 22174 26706 17.0 16.0 Thailand d 1313 8366 6600 7566 9175 13.5 9.6 Tunisia 27 35 41 46 58 0.4 0.5 Turkey 361 937 1172 1424 1934 1.7 2.0 Ukraine d - 36 50 85 107 0.3 0.4 by sector Trade United States 13139 49581 27168 25605 27821 3.9 1.8 Viet Nam ... 490 275 ...... 3.1 1.4 a Or nearest year. b Imports are valued f.o.b. c Includes significant imports into processing zones. d Includes Secretariat estimates. e See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU (25) imports.

161 4.4 Automotive products

Table IV.61 Table IV.62 World trade in automotive products, 2004 Major regional flows in world exports of automotive products, 2004 (Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 847 Value Annual percentage change Annual percentage change 2004 2000-04 2003 2004 1980-85 5 1985-90 14 Intra-Europe 380.5 13 24 18

1990-95 8 Intra-North America 147.6 1 0 9 1995-00 5 Asia to North America 67.6 5 0 9 2000-04 10 2002 10 Europe to North America 48.3 13 14 8

2003 16 Intra-Asia 40.9 17 39 22 2004 16 Asia to Europe 35.7 14 38 29 Share in world merchandise trade 9.5

Share in world exports of manufactures 12.9

Table IV.63 Chart IV.10 Share of automotive products in trade in total Regional shares in world trade in automotive products, merchandise and in manufactures by region, 2004 2004 (Percentage) (Percentage)

Exports Imports

Trade by sector Trade Share of automotive products Europe in total merchandise World 9.5 9.5 North America 13.0 14.5 North America South and Central America 4.1 7.1 Europe 12.0 10.9 CIS 1.5 7.8 Africa 1.7 8.7 Asia Middle East 0.5 10.8 Exports Asia 7.2 3.4 Australia, Japan and New Zealand 17.7 5.5 Imports Other Asia 3.1 2.7 South and Central America Share of automotive products in manufactures World 12.9 12.9 Middle East North America 17.0 18.6 South and Central America 11.4 10.1 Europe 14.9 14.5 CIS 4.5 10.6 Africa Africa 6.8 12.3 Middle East 2.1 13.4 Asia 8.6 4.9 Commonwealth of Australia, Japan and New Zealand 22.7 8.8 Independent States Other Asia 3.6 3.7 (CIS)

Note : Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

162 Table IV.64 Exports of automotive products by principal region, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 847.2 - - 100.0 100.0 10 16 16

Europe

World 481.9 100.0 100.0 50.4 56.9 14 22 17 Europe 380.5 80.0 78.9 40.3 44.9 13 24 18 North America 48.3 10.3 10.0 5.2 5.7 13 14 8 Asia 22.0 4.3 4.6 2.2 2.6 15 28 9 Africa 10.3 1.9 2.1 0.9 1.2 17 20 23 Middle East 9.5 1.5 2.0 0.8 1.1 21 26 32 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 6.9 0.7 1.4 0.3 0.8 37 31 23 South and Central America 3.9 1.3 0.8 0.6 0.5 1 0 20

Asia

World 172.5 100.0 100.0 19.9 20.4 11 16 20 North America 67.6 49.3 39.2 9.8 8.0 5 0 9 Asia 40.9 19.0 23.7 3.8 4.8 17 39 22 Europe 35.7 18.4 20.7 3.7 4.2 14 38 29 Middle East 12.2 6.0 7.1 1.2 1.4 16 19 17 Africa 5.3 2.5 3.1 0.5 0.6 17 25 48 South and Central America 5.3 4.0 3.1 0.8 0.6 4 -4 40 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 3.6 0.4 2.1 0.1 0.4 72 123 116

Japan

World 115.7 100.0 100.0 15.3 13.7 7 11 13 North America 50.4 54.5 43.5 8.3 5.9 1 -4 4 Asia 25.4 17.2 21.9 2.6 3.0 14 32 17 Europe 23.3 17.4 20.1 2.7 2.7 11 37 20 Middle East 7.5 5.1 6.5 0.8 0.9 13 15 8 South and Central America 3.6 3.5 3.1 0.5 0.4 4 -3 31 Africa 3.4 2.1 2.9 0.3 0.4 16 26 41

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2.3 0.2 2.0 0.0 0.3 7 140 106 by sector Trade

North America World 171.6 100.0 100.0 27.5 20.3 2 1 10 North America 147.6 88.6 86.0 24.4 17.4 1 0 9 Europe 11.6 4.9 6.7 1.3 1.4 11 19 6 Asia 5.6 3.6 3.3 1.0 0.7 0 6 2 Middle East 3.0 1.0 1.8 0.3 0.4 19 0 52 South and Central America 2.6 1.7 1.5 0.5 0.3 -1 -4 31 All other regions 1.2 0.3 0.7 0.1 0.2 10 54 38

South and Central America World 11.5 100.0 100.0 1.3 1.4 10 16 31 South and Central America 5.3 56.5 46.2 0.8 0.6 5 6 69 North America 3.9 28.2 33.7 0.4 0.5 15 14 5 Europe 1.0 12.2 8.8 0.2 0.1 2 20 15 All other regions 1.3 3.1 11.1 0.0 0.2 52 73 22

163 Table IV.65 Imports of automotive products of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Canada a United States

Region Region

World 52848 100.0 5 8 World 197003 100.0 3 9

North America 43815 82.9 5 7 North America 90812 46.1 0 10 Asia 5786 10.9 4 9 Asia 61761 31.4 -2 10 Europe 2829 5.4 20 22 Europe 42150 21.4 17 5 South and Central America 223 0.4 23 -2 South and Central America 1602 0.8 7 -5 All other regions 195 0.4 12 -3 All other regions 678 0.3 43 14

Suppliers Suppliers

United States 41306 78.2 5 7 Canada 61794 31.4 1 12 Japan 3765 7.1 -2 -4 Japan 45729 23.2 -6 5 European Union (25) 2807 5.3 20 22 European Union (25) 41910 21.3 17 5 Mexico 2509 4.7 3 1 Mexico 29018 14.7 -3 5 Korea, Republic of 1391 2.6 27 26 Korea, Republic of 11278 5.7 17 25 China 415 0.8 44 264 China 1963 1.0 33 44 Brazil 199 0.4 18 -5 Taipei, Chinese 1423 0.7 4 22 Taipei, Chinese 139 0.3 8 30 Brazil 1254 0.6 7 -9 Australia 28 0.1 0 115 South Africa 623 0.3 46 15 India 18 0.0 27 29 Australia 602 0.3 -32 76

Above 10 52577 99.5 - - Above 10 195594 99.3 - -

European Union (25) Mexico a, b

Region Region

World 397437 100.0 24 15 World 20194 100.0 -5 ... Europe 353987 89.1 24 15 North America 13993 69.3 -11 ... Asia 30908 7.8 28 20 Europe 2826 14.0 -3 ... North America 9799 2.5 21 5 South and Central America 1994 9.9 29 ... South and Central America 934 0.2 12 11 Asia 1347 6.7 17 ... Trade by sector Trade Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 176 0.0 29 4 All other regions 34 0.2 325 ... All other regions 1565 0.4 3 10

Suppliers Suppliers European Union (25) 344901 86.8 24 15 United States 12820 63.5 -9 ... Japan 20760 5.2 26 12 European Union (25) 2782 13.8 -4 ... United States 8349 2.1 17 6 Brazil 1579 7.8 36 ... Korea, Republic of 6874 1.7 41 40 Canada 1174 5.8 -27 ... Turkey 6425 1.6 57 67 Japan 991 4.9 12 ... South Africa 1170 0.3 -3 8 Argentina 332 1.6 23 ... Switzerland 1108 0.3 9 20 Korea, Republic of 216 1.1 43 ... Mexico 1056 0.3 59 -7 Chile 74 0.4 -30 ... Thailand 944 0.2 -1 -7 Taipei, Chinese 66 0.3 6 ... India 767 0.2 68 87 China 35 0.2 52 ...

Above 10 392354 98.7 - - Above 10 20069 99.4 - -

a Imports are valued f.o.b. b 2003 instead of 2004.

164 Table IV.66 Leading exporters and importers of automotive products, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 470.79 - - 49.9 55.6 13 12 22 17 extra-EU (25) exports 125.89 - - 12.4 14.9 15 16 21 18 Japan 115.73 19.8 20.8 15.3 13.7 7 15 11 13 United States 76.42 11.9 10.2 11.7 9.0 3 6 3 10 Canada 63.66 6.9 8.9 10.5 7.5 1 2 1 12 Korea, Republic of 32.32 0.1 0.7 2.6 3.8 21 12 33 40

Mexico a, b 31.56 0.3 1.5 5.3 3.7 1 1 -3 5 Brazil 8.68 1.1 0.6 0.8 1.0 17 2 33 33 Turkey 8.10 0.0 0.0 0.3 1.0 51 39 57 59 China b 6.27 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.7 41 42 33 76 Thailand a 5.71 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.7 27 12 33 44

Taipei, Chinese 3.74 ... 0.3 0.4 0.4 14 15 22 23 South Africa 3.70 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4 21 62 29 19 Australia 3.09 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 10 3 18 12 Russian Federation a 2.21 - - 0.2 0.3 26 18 26 44 Argentina 2.19 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3 1 -19 -9 44

Above 15 834.18 - - 98.7 98.5 ----

Importers

European Union (25) 397.44 - - 41.9 46.2 13 11 24 15 extra-EU (25) imports 52.54 - - 5.5 6.1 13 10 27 20 United States 197.00 20.3 24.7 28.9 22.9 4 7 3 9 Canada c 52.85 8.7 7.7 7.9 6.1 3 11 5 8 Mexico a, b, c 21.60 1.8 1.6 3.4 2.5 2 9 -5 7 China b 14.43 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.7 40 42 84 13

Australia c 13.35 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.6 12 18 30 20 Japan 12.80 0.5 2.3 1.7 1.5 6 7 13 15 Turkey 11.51 ... 0.4 1.0 1.3 19 31 122 85 Russian Federation a 10.50 - - 0.4 1.2 43 19 45 54 by sector Trade Switzerland 8.10 1.8 1.9 1.1 0.9 7 -1 12 12

Saudi Arabia a 6.72 2.7 0.9 0.6 0.8 15 5 11 11 South Africa a, c 5.65 ...... 0.4 0.7 24 -10 47 54 United Arab Emirates a, d 5.64 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.8 ... 20 45 ... Norway 4.58 0.6 0.4 0.4 0.5 15 13 18 32 Thailand a 3.87 ... 0.8 0.4 0.4 19 15 33 16

Above 15 766.03 - - 90.7 89.2 ---- a Includes Secretariat estimates. b Includes significant shipments through processing zones. c Imports are valued f.o.b. d 2003 instead of 2004.

165 Table IV.67 Exports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise exports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World 318959 I 575650 627900 728012 847240 9.2 9.5

Argentina 200 2105 1667 1516 2185 8.0 6.3 Australia 719 2151 2349 2767 3093 3.5 3.2 Bahrain 10 21 22 86 70 0.3 0.9 Belarus - 740 751 874 1203 10.1 8.7 Brazil 2034 4682 4907 6530 8679 8.5 9.0 Bulgaria ... 15 24 28 35 0.3 0.4 Canada 28442 60656 56328 56947 63662 21.9 20.1 Chile 18 203 178 151 148 1.1 0.5 China b 258 1581 2677 3571 6272 0.6 1.1 Colombia 6 226 338 117 413 1.7 2.5

Croatia - 45 63 85 131 1.0 1.6 European Union (25) - 287190 330401 403641 470792 11.8 12.7 intra-EU (25) exports - 215547 242898 297377 344901 13.1 13.7 extra-EU (25) exports - 71643 87503 106264 125891 9.0 10.5 Hong Kong, China 354 764 1270 1788 1542 0.4 0.6 domestic exports 27 23 9 13 6 0.1 0.0 re-exports 328 741 1260 1775 1536 0.4 0.6 India 198 640 753 1318 ... 1.4 2.3 Indonesia 22 369 453 583 857 0.6 1.2 Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... 61 52 58 ... 0.2 0.2 Japan 66195 88082 92514 102734 115733 18.4 20.5 Jordan 19 62 92 101 119 3.3 3.0 Korea, Republic of 2301 15194 17330 23116 32320 8.8 12.7 Malaysia b 121 307 328 392 554 0.3 0.4

Mexico b, c 4708 30655 30909 30132 31558 18.4 16.7 Morocco b 28 I 24 52 47 57 0.3 0.6 New Zealand 49 116 134 161 183 0.9 0.9 Norway 305 459 575 629 659 0.8 0.8 Oman 119 605 794 684 846 5.3 6.3 Pakistan 3 7 10 15 22 0.1 0.2 Philippines b, c 23 583 809 1106 1267 1.5 3.2 Qatar 32 32 64 61 78 0.3 0.4 Romania 354 195 339 465 764 1.9 3.3 Russian Federation c - 875 1219 1538 2209 0.8 1.2

Singapore 348 678 772 1086 1525 0.5 0.8

Trade by sector Trade domestic exports 82 90 113 163 233 0.1 0.2 re-exports 266 588 659 924 1292 1.0 1.6 South Africa 249 1708 2402 3103 3697 5.7 8.0 Switzerland 591 772 1043 1098 1260 1.0 1.1 Taipei, Chinese 829 2221 2482 3039 3743 1.5 2.2 Thailand c 108 2401 2977 3972 5713 3.5 5.9 Tunisia 30 63 205 231 239 1.1 2.5 Turkey 153 1557 3263 5112 8103 5.6 12.8 Ukraine c - 145 154 126 214 1.0 0.7 United States 32547 67195 67089 69245 76417 8.6 9.3 Uruguay 18 144 57 27 47 6.3 1.6

a Or nearest year. b Includes significant exports from processing zones. c Includes Secretariat estimates.

166 Table IV.68 Imports of automotive products of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise imports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Algeria 658 615 824 1054 1781 6.7 9.8 Argentina 183 2678 834 1566 3203 10.6 13.7 Australia b 3794 8550 8538 11101 13351 12.0 12.7 Bahrain 152 214 434 593 488 4.6 7.4 Belarus - 297 605 673 981 3.4 6.0 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela b 426 1451 1230 600 1579 8.9 10.5 Brazil 532 4314 3134 2984 3464 7.4 5.3 Bulgaria ... 437 615 858 1448 6.7 10.0 Canada b 24640 46276 46628 49102 52848 19.3 19.3 Chile 579 1507 1348 1540 2129 8.1 8.6

China c 1796 3798 6960 12778 14428 1.7 2.6 Colombia 416 590 897 1002 1390 5.1 8.3 Costa Rica c, d 124 I 337 411 366 420 5.3 5.1 Croatia - 831 1084 1491 1585 10.5 9.6 Ecuador 157 184 908 719 812 4.9 10.3 Egypt d 416 514 344 344 385 3.7 3.0 El Salvador c, d 66 230 269 325 410 4.6 6.5 European Union (25) e - 246749 277507 344226 397437 9.6 10.5 extra-EU (25) imports - 32138 34355 43664 52536 3.5 4.1 Guatemala 117 481 611 689 ... 9.8 10.3 Hong Kong, China 994 2195 2309 2820 2582 1.0 0.9 retained imports 666 1455 1049 1044 1045 4.2 3.8

Iceland 107 229 119 263 376 8.8 10.6 India 260 370 408 670 ... 0.7 0.9 Indonesia 1523 1870 1464 1799 2424 4.3 4.4 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 770 3209 2354 … 5.4 9.0 Israel 871 2298 1864 1778 2207 6.4 5.4 Japan 7327 9957 9891 11130 12802 2.6 2.8 Jordan 108 519 426 401 590 11.3 7.3 Kazakhstan d - 434 694 685 ... 8.6 8.1 Kenya 255 156 222 253 317 5.0 7.0 Korea, Republic of 929 1773 2542 3042 3465 1.1 1.5

Kuwait 453 1141 … … … 15.9 17.1 Lebanon ... 535 548 582 ... 8.6 8.1 Malaysia c 1312 1833 2024 2112 2818 2.2 2.7 Mexico b, c, d 5268 20003 21264 20194 21599 11.5 10.9 Morocco c 317 I 471 577 686 914 4.1 5.2 New Zealand 1012 1480 2026 2685 3161 10.6 13.6 Norway 1419 2597 2930 3462 4576 7.6 9.5 Oman 429 1109 1021 1279 1740 22.0 19.6 Pakistan 390 324 369 509 647 3.0 3.6 Panama d 111 332 281 334 368 9.8 10.4 by sector Trade

Peru 176 510 385 388 483 6.9 4.8 Philippines c, d 537 974 978 1126 1004 2.6 2.4 Qatar 202 409 524 610 368 12.6 6.1 Romania 409 427 851 1176 2526 3.3 7.7 Russian Federation d - 2507 4698 6809 10498 5.6 10.9 Saudi Arabia d 2839 3815 5452 6050 6715 12.6 15.1 Serbia and Montenegro d - 294 370 550 ... 7.9 6.9 Singapore 1418 2417 1997 2597 3242 1.8 2.0 retained imports 1152 1829 1338 1673 1949 2.4 2.4 South Africa b, d … 2401 2503 3670 5654 9.0 11.8 Switzerland 6048 6222 6448 7239 8105 7.5 7.3

Taipei, Chinese 2565 2676 2132 2571 3287 1.9 2.0 Thailand d 2651 2084 2500 3321 3865 3.4 4.1 Tunisia 306 595 662 731 928 6.9 7.3 Turkey 1177 5834 2797 6209 11512 10.7 11.8 Ukraine d - 446 921 1730 2144 3.2 7.4 United Arab Emirates d ... 2793 3890 5640 … 10.5 13.4 United States 79320 170195 176628 181283 197000 13.5 12.9 a Or nearest year. b Imports are valued f.o.b. c Includes significant imports into processing zones. d Includes Secretariat estimates. e See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU (25) imports.

167 4.5 Textiles

Table IV.69 Table IV.70 World trade in textiles, 2004 Major regional flows in world exports of textiles, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 195 Value Annual percentage change

Annual percentage change 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

1980-85 -1 Intra-Europe 61.3 6 15 10

1985-90 15 Intra-Asia 46.6 3 11 11 1990-95 8 Asia to Europe 12.3 8 21 18 1995-00 0 Asia to North America 12.0 9 12 18 2000-04 6 North America to 2002 5 South and Central America 3.2 19 7 15 2003 12 Europe to Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2.3 20 29 23 2004 13

Share in world merchandise trade 2.2

Share in world exports of manufactures 3.0

Table IV.71 Chart IV.11 Share of textiles in trade in total merchandise and in Regional shares in world trade in textiles 2004 manufactures by region, 2004 (Percentage) (Percentage)

Exports Imports Trade by sector Trade

Share of textiles in total merchandise Europe

World 2.2 2.2 North America 1.3 1.5 Asia South and Central America 0.9 3.7 Europe 2.0 2.0 CIS 0.8 2.6 Africa 0.6 4.9 North America Middle East 1.0 4.1 Asia 3.7 2.6 Australia, Japan and New Zealand 1.1 1.5 Exports Other Asia 4.7 3.0 Middle East Imports Share of textiles in manufactures

World 3.0 3.0 Africa North America 1.7 2.0 South and Central America 2.4 5.2 Europe 2.5 2.6 South and CIS 2.3 3.5 Central America Africa 2.3 6.9 Middle East 4.5 5.1 Asia 4.4 3.7 Commonwealth Australia, Japan and New Zealand 1.4 2.3 of Independent Other Asia 5.5 4.1 States (CIS)

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 merchandise trade by product and region.

168 Table IV.72 Textile exports by principal region, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 194.7 - - 100.0 100.0 6 12 13

Asia

World 87.8 100.0 100.0 44.9 45.1 6 12 16 Asia 46.6 59.0 53.1 26.5 23.9 3 11 11 Europe 12.3 12.9 14.0 5.8 6.3 8 21 18 North America 12.0 12.3 13.6 5.5 6.1 9 12 18 Middle East 6.7 6.3 7.6 2.8 3.4 11 14 18 Africa 5.1 4.0 5.8 1.8 2.6 16 25 30 South and Central America 3.6 4.5 4.2 2.0 1.9 4 1 35 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.3 0.8 1.5 0.3 0.7 25 63 28

Japan

World 7.1 100.0 100.0 4.5 3.7 0 7 11 Asia 5.6 76.2 79.0 3.5 2.9 1 9 11 Europe 0.6 9.6 8.5 0.4 0.3 -3 1 11 North America 0.6 9.1 8.1 0.4 0.3 -3 2 12 Middle East 0.3 3.9 3.5 0.2 0.1 -2 -7 5 All other regions 0.1 1.1 0.9 0.1 0.0 -7 -12 3

Europe

World 80.7 100.0 100.0 40.3 41.4 7 14 11 Europe 61.3 77.3 76.0 31.2 31.5 6 15 10 Asia 4.9 5.8 6.0 2.3 2.5 8 16 14 North America 4.7 6.3 5.9 2.5 2.4 5 6 15 Africa 4.4 5.4 5.5 2.2 2.3 7 13 8 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2.3 1.8 2.9 0.7 1.2 20 29 23 Middle East 1.6 1.9 2.0 0.8 0.8 8 13 21 South and Central America 0.6 1.0 0.7 0.4 0.3 -2 -5 26

Other economies in Asia Trade by sector Trade World 80.0 100.0 100.0 40.1 41.1 7 13 16 Asia 40.5 57.0 50.6 22.8 20.8 3 11 11 Europe 11.6 13.3 14.5 5.3 6.0 9 22 18 North America 11.3 12.6 14.2 5.1 5.8 10 13 18 Middle East 6.4 6.7 8.0 2.7 3.3 12 15 19 Africa 5.0 4.5 6.3 1.8 2.6 16 26 30 South and Central America 3.6 5.0 4.5 2.0 1.9 4 1 35 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.3 0.8 1.6 0.3 0.7 25 64 28

North America

World 16.7 100.0 100.0 10.2 8.6 1 1 9 North America 10.4 69.0 62.2 7.0 5.3 -1 -1 8 South and Central America 3.2 10.2 19.3 1.0 1.7 19 7 15 Asia 1.6 9.3 9.3 0.9 0.8 2 9 9 Europe 1.3 9.9 7.6 1.0 0.6 -5 1 5 Middle East 0.1 1.0 0.9 0.1 0.1 -1 0 8 All other regions 0.1 0.8 0.7 0.1 0.1 1 29 2

169 Table IV.73 Textile imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

Canada a United States

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 4115 100.0 1 7 World 20662 100.0 8 13

North America 2443 59.4 -3 5 Asia 11419 55.3 12 17 Asia 1055 25.6 8 10 Europe 3997 19.3 6 12 Europe 494 12.0 12 11 North America 3737 18.1 -2 6 South and Central America 58 1.4 -4 16 South and Central America 663 3.2 16 14 Middle East 36 0.9 21 3 Middle East 571 2.8 4 14 Africa 14 0.3 8 0 Africa 196 0.9 19 -3 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2 0.0 -33 0 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 78 0.4 -13 20

Suppliers Suppliers

United States 2322 56.4 -4 5 China 4601 22.3 35 27 China 480 11.7 23 27 European Union (25) 3181 15.4 6 10 European Union (25) 424 10.3 13 10 Canada 2045 9.9 0 5 India 163 4.0 10 11 India 1786 8.6 13 17 Mexico 122 3.0 19 4 Mexico 1692 8.2 -4 7

Above 5 3511 85.3 1 8 Above 5 13305 64.4 12 15

Korea, Republic of 103 2.5 -15 -10 Pakistan 1478 7.2 8 18 Pakistan 88 2.1 9 -9 Korea, Republic of 1017 4.9 -4 1 Taipei, Chinese 74 1.8 -1 6 Taipei, Chinese 718 3.5 -8 -1 Turkey 52 1.3 10 21 Turkey 655 3.2 2 22 Japan 46 1.1 -2 15 Japan 600 2.9 9 12

Brazil 28 0.7 0 17 Brazil 398 1.9 20 14 Indonesia 28 0.7 -3 -13 Thailand 380 1.8 -10 18 Israel 24 0.6 33 20 Israel 347 1.7 7 15 Bangladesh 22 0.5 144 0 Indonesia 211 1.0 -7 16 Thailand 20 0.5 8 -26 Egypt 150 0.7 21 -6

Switzerland 11 0.3 0 0 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 126 0.6 5 -7 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 9 0.2 8 -36 Bangladesh 125 0.6 -6 4 Colombia 8 0.2 0 14 Philippines 104 0.5 19 -10 Egypt 8 0.2 14 0 Hong Kong, China 94 0.5 -32 -11 Haiti 7 0.2 50 133 Switzerland 91 0.4 5 11 Trade by sector Trade Hong Kong, China 7 0.2 -38 -46 Dominican Republic 80 0.4 15 5 Viet Nam 6 0.1 25 20 Viet Nam 72 0.3 193 76 Uruguay 5 0.1 100 -17 Malaysia 68 0.3 -1 -1 Australia 4 0.1 0 0 Colombia 54 0.3 24 15 Malaysia 4 0.1 0 -20 Bahrain 51 0.2 0 104

South Africa 4 0.1 20 -33 Sri Lanka 47 0.2 -26 -19 Philippines 4 0.1 50 33 Bulgaria 42 0.2 179 8 Chile 3 0.1 0 -25 Nepal 38 0.2 -3 23 Nepal 2 0.0 -50 100 South Africa 38 0.2 9 3 New Zealand 2 0.0 0 0 Australia 36 0.2 -3 3

Norway 2 0.0 0 -33 El Salvador 36 0.2 9 0 Bulgaria 2 0.0 0 100 Turkmenistan 29 0.1 0 61 Romania 2 0.0 -33 0 Argentina 24 0.1 -7 71 Sri Lanka 1 0.0 100 -50 United Arab Emirates 22 0.1 5 0 El Salvador 1 0.0 0 0 Saudi Arabia 21 0.1 -21 40

Argentina 1 0.0 ...... New Zealand 21 0.1 -10 11 Guatemala 1 0.0 ...... Romania 19 0.1 10 -17 Honduras 1 0.0 ...... Guatemala 16 0.1 0 7 Peru 1 0.0 0 0 Peru 16 0.1 8 23 Russian Federation 1 0.0 0 0 Uzbekistan 15 0.1 -30 -21

Above 40 4093 99.5 - - Above 40 20544 99.4 - -

170 Table IV.73 (continued) Textile imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

Mexico a European Union (25)

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2003 2003 2002 2003 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 5461 100.0 3 -2 World 67972 100 14 9

North America 4240 77.6 2 -3 Europe 52588 77.4 15 8 Asia 735 13.5 3 -1 Asia 11625 17.1 15 17 Europe 347 6.4 17 5 North America 1207 1.8 -1 -5 South and Central America 123 2.3 32 1 Africa 990 1.5 10 17 Middle East 7 0.1 11 37 Middle East 738 1.1 11 7 Africa 2 0.0 79 19 Commonwealth of Independent States 564 0.8 28 10 Commonwealth of Independent States 1 0.0 21 183 South and Central America 241 0.4 18 -2

Suppliers Suppliers

United States 4148 76.0 2 -3 European Union (25) 46980 69.1 14 7 European Union (25) 331 6.1 16 7 China 3921 5.8 32 29 China 232 4.2 76 9 Turkey 3395 5.0 25 20 Korea, Republic of 202 3.7 -29 -7 India 2412 3.5 16 20 Taipei, Chinese 103 1.9 0 -12 Pakistan 1739 2.6 23 21

Above 5 5017 91.9 3 -2 Above 5 58447 86.0 16 10

Canada 92 1.7 2 -16 Switzerland 1225 1.8 11 1 Hong Kong, China 55 1.0 18 42 United States 1069 1.6 -2 -6 Pakistan 42 0.8 18 12 Korea, Republic of 892 1.3 2 -5 Brazil 33 0.6 54 13 Japan 590 0.9 -3 4 Colombia 27 0.5 30 -3 Indonesia 515 0.8 -5 -2 Japan 25 0.5 6 2 Romania 479 0.7 44 27 Indonesia 24 0.4 24 -28 Taipei, Chinese 468 0.7 -2 -9 Chile 21 0.4 4 12 Thailand 343 0.5 7 11 India 21 0.4 11 -10 Egypt 336 0.5 19 13 Thailand 15 0.3 -6 -9 Tunisia 283 0.4 12 14 Guatemala 15 0.3 16 24 Israel 248 0.4 10 7 Uruguay 11 0.2 22 12 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 245 0.4 4 6 Turkey 9 0.2 28 -33 Bangladesh 214 0.3 7 52 Malaysia 7 0.1 -10 7 Bulgaria 214 0.3 27 31 Israel 7 0.1 23 55 Russian Federation 192 0.3 13 5 Trade by sector Trade El Salvador 5 0.1 73 8 Malaysia 166 0.2 15 11 Switzerland 4 0.1 16 -13 Brazil 161 0.2 19 -4 Argentina 4 0.1 72 -63 Morocco 150 0.2 -11 28 Costa Rica 3 0.1 36 31 Norway 147 0.2 -5 16 Peru 3 0.1 10 41 Viet Nam 121 0.2 38 26 Bangladesh 2 0.0 -49 -24 South Africa 119 0.2 23 17 Sri Lanka 2 0.0 39 25 Uzbekistan 107 0.2 44 8 Bulgaria 1 0.0 93 -42 Syrian Arab Republic 103 0.2 29 -2 Ukraine 1 0.0 23 189 Belarus 99 0.1 36 13 Hungary 1 0.0 214 55 Croatia 87 0.1 19 2 South Africa 1 0.0 162 -23 Hong Kong, China 84 0.1 4 17 Singapore 1 0.0 -45 21 Ukraine 74 0.1 46 2 Philippines 1 0.0 238 -35 Canada 72 0.1 -1 12 Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of 1 0.0 -8 -69 Mexico 66 0.1 23 3 Ecuador 1 0.0 -50 -40 United Arab Emirates 65 0.1 32 29 Egypt 1 0.0 -7 45 Nepal 60 0.1 -1 15 Viet Nam 1 0.0 -65 34 Bahrain 47 0.1 0 -10 Romania 1 0.0 100 3000 Philippines 40 0.1 27 21 Australia 1 0.0 -57 100 Moldova 37 0.1 17 40 Nepal 0 0.0 175 114 Turkmenistan 32 0.0 8 54

Above 40 5454 99.9 - - Above 40 67596 99.4 - -

171 Table IV.73 (continued) Textile imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

China b Japan

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 15304 100.0 9 8 World 5599 100.0 11 11

Asia 14196 92.8 8 7 Asia 4443 79.4 13 12 Europe 731 4.8 15 26 Europe 802 14.3 11 8 North America 337 2.2 31 20 North America 283 5.1 -6 5 Middle East 14 0.1 50 90 Middle East 28 0.5 -3 22 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 10 0.1 36 30 South and Central America 23 0.4 -4 2 South and Central America 9 0.1 90 -47 Africa 11 0.2 8 4 Africa 5 0.0 -8 -1 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 9 0.2 24 -3

Suppliers Suppliers Japan 3321 21.7 13 15 China 2779 49.6 13 14 Taipei, Chinese 3285 21.5 3 3 European Union (25) 751 13.4 11 8 Korea, Republic of 2523 16.5 5 3 Indonesia 360 6.4 24 4 China 2449 16.0 25 8 Korea, Republic of 317 5.7 7 4 Hong Kong, China 1287 8.4 0 -4 Taipei, Chinese 303 5.4 13 26 Above 5 12865 84.1 9 6 Above 5 4510 80.5 13 12

European Union (25) 683 4.5 14 25 United States 267 4.8 -7 5 Pakistan 450 2.9 -3 -2 Thailand 176 3.2 42 19 United States 310 2.0 29 18 India 168 3.0 -1 -4 Thailand 219 1.4 44 57 Viet Nam 114 2.0 11 22 Indonesia 200 1.3 -4 -7 Pakistan 87 1.6 -6 14 India 186 1.2 -18 35 Malaysia 57 1.0 -10 -5 Malaysia 92 0.6 -4 49 Switzerland 29 0.5 -7 25 Singapore 52 0.3 16 -12 Philippines 28 0.5 5 -13 Macao, China 45 0.3 19 -30 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 25 0.5 -9 30 Australia 28 0.2 21 14 Hong Kong, China 20 0.4 22 23 Viet Nam 27 0.2 48 10 Turkey 19 0.3 15 -11 Turkey 24 0.2 48 53 Brazil 14 0.3 -22 31 Switzerland 21 0.1 85 37 Bangladesh 11 0.2 7 6 Canada 19 0.1 63 69 Canada 10 0.2 12 10 Cambodia 9 0.1 2160 168 Macao, China 8 0.1 45 8

Trade by sector Trade Philippines 9 0.1 6 27 Australia 7 0.1 17 2 Mexico 8 0.1 49 21 Peru 7 0.1 2 -26 Israel 5 0.0 211 157 Mexico 6 0.1 56 6 Mongolia 5 0.0 59 -8 Uzbekistan 5 0.1 35 -12 Russian Federation 5 0.0 50 29 Egypt 5 0.1 -16 0 New Zealand 5 0.0 -1 135 South Africa 4 0.1 39 -4 Belarus 4 0.0 96 47 New Zealand 3 0.0 69 45 Bahrain 4 0.0 -45 136 Singapore 2 0.0 96 1 Brazil 4 0.0 143 -72 Russian Federation 2 0.0 -39 69 Saudi Arabia 2 0.0 307 29 Sri Lanka 2 0.0 -29 32 Bangladesh 2 0.0 4 77 Israel 2 0.0 127 -44 South Africa 2 0.0 -16 13 Tanzania 1 0.0 52 -7 Peru 2 0.0 -6 -5 Ukraine 1 0.0 85 -17 Argentina 2 0.0 -53 282 Argentina 1 0.0 ... 296 United Arab Emirates 2 0.0 227 6 Bulgaria 1 0.0 82 10 Nigeria 1 0.0 68 445 Uruguay 1 0.0 173 -56 Norway 1 0.0 -12 10 Tunisia 1 0.0 -94 7300 Egypt 1 0.0 -17 -48 Myanmar 1 0.0 20 -33 Uruguay 1 0.0 298 -12 Nepal 1 0.0 65 -30 Sri Lanka 1 0.0 51 4 Norway 1 0.0 -36 107

Above 40 15297 100.0 - - Above 40 5596 99.9 - -

a Imports are valued f.o.b. b In 2004, China reported imports from China accounting for 16 percent of its textile imports. For further information, see box 2.

172 Table IV.74 Leading exporters and importers of textiles, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 71.29 - - 36.5 36.6 6 3 14 10 extra-EU (25) exports 24.31 - - 11.2 12.5 9 5 15 15 China a, b 33.43 4.6 6.9 10.4 17.2 20 22 31 24 Hong Kong, China 14.30 3.2---- 7.9 8.7 7.3 2259 domestic exports 0.68 1.7 2.1 0.8 0.4 -13 -7 -23 -10 re-exports 13.61 1.6---- 5.8 7.9 7.0 33810 United States 11.99 6.8 4.8 7.1 6.2 2 2 2 10 Korea, Republic of 10.84 4.0 5.8 8.2 5.6 -4 0 -2 1

Taipei, Chinese 10.04 3.2 5.9 7.7 5.2 -4 -4 -2 8 Japan 7.14 9.3 5.6 4.5 3.7 0 -3 7 11 India c 6.85 2.4 2.1 3.9 4.0 6 12 14 ... Turkey 6.43 0.6 1.4 2.4 3.3 15 8 24 22 Pakistan 6.12 1.6 2.6 2.9 3.1 8 6 21 5

Indonesia 3.15 0.1 1.2 2.3 1.6 -3 -10 1 8 Thailand d 2.63 0.6 0.9 1.3 1.3 8 1 14 21 Canada 2.43 0.6 0.7 1.4 1.2 2 1 4 7 Mexico a, d 2.24 0.2 0.7 1.7 1.1 -3 6 -5 7 Switzerland 1.60 2.8 2.5 1.0 0.8 2 -2 6 7

Above 15 176.85 - - 92.1 91.3 ----

Importers

European Union (25) 67.97 - - 33.8 33.0 5 2 14 9 extra-EU (25) imports 20.99 - - 9.9 10.2 7 0 15 14 United States 20.66 4.5 6.2 9.8 10.0 7 10 8 13 China a, b 15.30 1.9 4.9 7.8 7.4 5 4 9 8 Hong Kong, China 14.11 - - - - 1 -1 7 9 retained imports 0.50 3.7 3.8 0.9 0.2 -23 -39 -4 -17 Mexico a, d, e 5.79 0.2 0.9 3.6 2.8 0 3 -2 6

Japan 5.60 2.9 3.8 3.0 2.7 3 -5 11 11 by sector Trade Turkey 4.17 0.1 0.5 1.3 2.0 18 48 21 21 Canada e 4.11 2.3 2.2 2.5 2.0 0 0 1 7 Korea, Republic of 3.38 0.7 1.8 2.1 1.6 0 6 -3 8 Viet Nam d 3.35 ...... 0.8 1.6 25 60 35 20

Romania 3.33 ... 0.1 1.0 1.6 18 18 21 16 United Arab Emirates c 2.15 0.8 0.9 1.3 1.2 ... 9 6 ... Russian Federation d 2.10 - - 0.8 1.0 14 3 24 14 Australia e 1.83 2.0 1.3 1.0 0.9 3 13 13 10 Thailand d 1.81 0.3 0.8 1.0 0.9 3 3 3 11

Above 15 142.06 - - 70.7 69.1 - - - - a Includes significant shipments through processing zones. b In 2004, China reported imports of textiles from China amounting to nearly $2 billion. For further information, see box 2. c 2003 instead of 2004. d Includes Secretariat estimates. e Imports are valued f.o.b.

173 Table IV.75 Textile exports of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise exports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World 104354 I 154571 154304 172470 194732 2.5 2.2 Argentina 158 257 190 154 198 1.0 0.6 Australia 152 347 283 309 328 0.6 0.3 Bangladesh 343 355 443 476 388 5.6 4.8 Belarus - 410 381 449 514 5.6 3.7 Brazil 769 897 841 1106 1244 1.6 1.3 Bulgaria 119 180 243 310 2.5 3.1 Canada 687 2204 2181 2264 2431 0.8 0.8 Chile 33 114 83 87 109 0.6 0.3 China b 7219 16135 20562 26900 33428 6.5 5.6 Colombia c 133 268 205 228 240 2.1 1.5

Croatia - 87 82 111 118 2.0 1.5 Egypt c 554 323 251 278 298 6.9 3.9 El Salvador b, c 38 79 70 72 77 2.7 2.3 European Union (25) - 56456 57040 64907 71287 2.3 1.9 intra-EU (25) exports - 39184 38557 43720 46980 2.4 1.9 extra-EU (25) exports - 17272 18483 21187 24307 2.2 2.0 FYR Macedonia ... 37 36 42 53 2.8 3.2 Hong Kong, China 8213 13441 12422 13087 14296 6.6 5.4 domestic exports 2171 1176 980 757 684 5.0 3.4 re-exports 6042 12265 11441 12330 13612 6.8 5.5 India 2180 5998 6028 6846 ... 13.3 10.9 Indonesia 1241 3505 2896 2923 3152 5.4 4.4 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 510 766 726 800 ... 2.7 2.4 Israel 270 490 538 606 683 1.6 1.8

Japan 5871 7023 6030 6431 7138 1.5 1.3 Korea, Republic of 6076 12710 10945 10779 10839 7.4 4.3 Macao, China 136 272 326 303 313 10.7 11.1 Malaysia b 343 1270 994 1017 1227 1.3 1.0 Mauritius 36 81 68 77 83 5.2 4.2 Mexico b, c 713 2571 2210 2096 2237 1.5 1.2 Morocco b 203 I 123 139 129 147 1.7 1.5 Nepal 82 182 ... 107 ... 22.7 16.2 New Zealand 135 142 169 222 252 1.1 1.2 Pakistan 2663 4532 4790 5811 6125 50.2 45.8

Peru 221 128 103 119 149 1.8 1.2 Philippines b, c 132 297 249 270 288 0.7 0.7 Romania 125 ... 310 444 562 2.4 Russian Federation c - 439 431 554 695 0.4 0.4 Singapore 903 907 738 706 698 0.7 0.4

Trade by sector Trade domestic exports 141 293 313 288 281 0.4 0.3 re-exports 762 614 425 418 417 1.0 0.5 South Africa 167 240 I 248 298 301 0.8 0.7 Sri Lanka c 25 244 171 161 157 4.5 2.7 Switzerland 2557 1503 1421 1499 1604 1.9 1.4 Syrian Arab Republic 555 158 168 241 ... 3.4 4.2

Taipei, Chinese 6128 11891 9531 9303 10038 8.0 5.8 Tanzania ... 11 14 20 38 1.7 2.6 Thailand c 928 1960 1897 2161 2625 2.8 2.7 Tunisia 112 154 227 268 323 2.6 3.3 Turkey 1440 3672 4244 5262 6428 13.2 10.2 Ukraine c - 127 158 205 225 0.9 0.7 United States 5039 10952 10664 10886 11989 1.4 1.5 Uruguay 85 65 41 53 63 2.8 2.1 Viet Nam ... 598 848 ...... 4.1 5.1

a Or nearest year. b Includes significant exports from processing zones. c Includes Secretariat estimates.

174 Table IV.76 Textile imports of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise imports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Argentina 53 619 170 454 585 2.5 2.6 Australia b 1442 1632 1472 1662 1828 2.3 1.7 Bahrain 71 176 188 152 161 3.8 2.4 Bangladesh 452 1140 1387 1405 1471 12.8 12.2 Belarus - 256 266 322 403 3.0 2.5 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela b 112 286 185 138 365 1.8 2.4 Brazil 252 1110 851 810 1084 1.9 1.6 Bulgaria ... 506 722 956 1105 7.8 7.6 Cambodia ... 432 643 713 867 30.0 42.0 Canada b 2325 4126 3803 3849 4115 1.7 1.5

Chile 203 431 355 359 421 2.3 1.7 China c 5292 12832 13060 14217 15304 5.7 2.7 Colombia 75 558 522 548 685 4.8 4.1 Costa Rica c, d 83 I 165 180 188 203 2.6 2.5 Croatia - 249 370 428 453 3.2 2.7 Ecuador 22 113 127 122 159 3.0 2.0 Egypt d 211 206 190 206 274 1.5 2.1 El Salvador c, d 111 364 388 423 481 7.4 7.7 European Union (25) e - 55264 54430 62236 67972 2.2 1.8 extra-EU (25) imports - 16224 15953 18378 20992 1.8 1.6 Hong Kong, China 10182 13716 12065 12931 14110 6.4 5.2 retained imports 4140 1451 623 601 498 4.2 1.8

India 240 575 896 1110 ... 1.1 1.4 Indonesia 785 1251 878 663 739 2.9 1.3 Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... 298 239 317 ... 2.1 1.2 Israel 474 759 641 658 761 2.1 1.9 Japan 4133 4935 4532 5031 5599 1.3 1.2 Jordan 107 172 381 471 646 3.7 7.9 Korea, Republic of 1947 3359 3239 3131 3385 2.1 1.5 Kuwait 168 212 ...... 3.0 2.6 Lebanon ... 178 189 181 ... 2.9 2.5 Macao, China 619 902 801 770 799 40.0 23.0

Malaysia c 951 1114 917 839 967 1.4 0.9 Mauritius c 350 411 348 358 335 19.6 12.1 Mexico b, c, d 992 5822 5571 5458 5790 3.3 2.9 Morocco c 361 I 1364 1483 1710 1797 11.8 10.2 Nepal d 42 138 ... 142 ... 8.8 8.1 New Zealand 396 369 376 430 473 2.7 2.0 Norway 554 509 535 596 657 1.5 1.4 Pakistan 126 130 191 255 310 1.2 1.7 Peru 17 165 198 207 264 2.2 2.6 Philippines c, d 910 1250 1093 1070 1136 3.4 2.7 by sector Trade

Romania 67 1715 2370 2871 3329 13.1 10.2 Russian Federation d - 1248 1482 1833 2099 2.8 2.2 Saudi Arabia 1312 986 1001 1053 ... 3.3 2.8 Serbia and Montenegro d - 284 424 468 ... 7.7 5.9 Singapore 1778 1275 1026 1006 1014 0.9 0.6 retained imports 1016 661 601 588 597 0.9 0.7 South Africa b 561 I 570 534 640 821 2.1 1.7 Sri Lanka 412 1483 1317 1380 1534 20.7 19.2 Switzerland 1849 1326 1287 1464 1615 1.6 1.4 Syrian Arab Republic 168 399 252 341 337 10.5 5.4 Taipei, Chinese 1013 1460 1164 1181 1251 1.0 0.8

Thailand d 898 1630 1576 1629 1807 2.6 1.9 Tunisia 790 1207 1425 1496 1654 14.1 13.0 Turkey 567 2124 2839 3441 4170 3.9 4.3 Ukraine d - 450 516 643 741 3.2 2.6 United Arab Emirates d 983 2055 2000 2147 ... 7.7 5.4 United States 6730 15985 16953 18251 20662 1.3 1.4 Viet Nam d ... 1379 2071 2795 3354 8.8 10.8 a Or nearest year. b Imports are valued f.o.b. c Includes significant imports into processing zones. d Includes Secretariat estimates. e See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU (25) imports.

175 4.6 Clothing

Table IV.77 Table IV.78 World trade in clothing, 2004 Major regional flows in world exports of clothing, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 258 Value Annual percentage change

Annual percentage change 2004 2000-04 2003 2004 1980-85 4 Intra-Europe 80.2 11 21 11 1985-90 18 Asia to North America 45.9 5 11 10 1990-95 8 1995-00 5 Asia to Europe 30.9 8 19 13 2000-04 7 Intra-Asia 29.7 5 12 16 2002 5 South and Central America to 2003 15 North America 11.9 4 5 15 2004 11 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Share in world merchandise trade 2.9 to Europe 1.1 9 14 15 Share in world exports of manufactures 3.9

Table IV.79 Chart IV.12 Share of clothing in trade in total merchandise and in Regional shares in world trade in clothing, 2004 manufactures by region, 2004 (Percentage) (Percentage)

Exports Imports Trade by sector Trade Share of clothing in total merchandise Europe World 2.9 2.9 North America 1.1 4.2 South and Central America 4.6 2.1 Asia Europe 2.4 3.1 CIS 0.7 5.0 Africa 4.1 1.9 Middle East 0.8 2.5 North America Asia 5.1 1.7 Australia, Japan and New Zealand 0.2 4.4 Other Asia 7.0 0.7 South and Central Exports America Share of clothing in manufactures Imports World 3.9 3.9 North America 1.4 5.4 Africa South and Central America 12.7 3.0 Europe 3.0 4.1 CIS 2.2 6.8 Commonwealth of Africa 16.4 2.7 Independent States Middle East 3.6 3.1 (CIS) Asia 6.0 2.4 Australia, Japan and New Zealand 0.2 7.0 Other Asia 8.3 1.0 Middle East

Note: Import shares are derived from the Secretariat's network of world merchandise trade by product and region. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60

176 Table IV.80 Clothing exports by principal region, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in

Value Region's exports World exports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2003 2004

World 258.10 - - 100.0 100.0 7 15 11

Asia

World 120.67 100.0 100.0 46.5 46.8 7 15 13 North America 45.85 41.0 38.0 19.1 17.8 5 11 10 Europe 30.88 24.8 25.6 11.6 12.0 8 19 13 Asia 29.67 26.8 24.6 12.5 11.5 5 12 16 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 5.89 1.9 4.9 0.9 2.3 36 88 58 Middle East 3.98 2.6 3.3 1.2 1.5 13 23 18 South and Central America 2.19 1.7 1.8 0.8 0.8 8 10 39 Africa 2.17 1.1 1.8 0.5 0.8 20 43 34

Europe

World 95.82 100.0 100.0 32.7 37.1 10 20 11 Europe 80.24 82.6 83.7 27.0 31.1 11 21 11 North America 5.26 7.1 5.5 2.3 2.0 4 8 3 Asia 3.73 4.4 3.9 1.4 1.4 7 13 7 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 2.70 1.8 2.8 0.6 1.0 23 19 30 Middle East 1.55 1.7 1.6 0.5 0.6 10 7 19 Africa 1.39 1.7 1.4 0.6 0.5 6 11 5 South and Central America 0.23 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.1 -8 -13 7

North America

World 14.25 100.0 100.0 9.8 5.5 -7 -6 -4 North America 10.95 69.6 76.8 6.8 4.2 -5 -4 -4 South and Central America 2.10 23.8 14.7 2.3 0.8 -18 -15 -13 Asia 0.57 3.4 4.0 0.3 0.2 -4 -8 9 Europe 0.53 2.7 3.7 0.3 0.2 1 4 18 All other regions 0.10 0.5 0.7 0.0 0.0 3 4 35

South and Central America Trade by sector Trade World 12.76 100.0 100.0 5.5 4.9 4 4 15 North America 11.91 92.3 93.3 5.1 4.6 4 5 15 South and Central America 0.54 5.7 4.2 0.3 0.2 -4 -7 28 Europe 0.27 1.7 2.1 0.1 0.1 10 21 32 All other regions 0.06 0.3 0.4 0.0 0.0 12 48 -8

Africa World 9.52 100.0 100.0 3.6 3.7 8 20 10 Europe 7.96 79.1 83.6 2.8 3.1 9 19 15 North America 1.20 13.5 12.6 0.5 0.5 6 30 -8 Africa 0.26 3.6 2.7 0.1 0.1 1 13 -5 All other regions 0.10 3.8 1.0 0.1 0.0 -22 -4 -21

177 Table IV.81 Clothing imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004 (Million dollars and percentage)

Canada a United States

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 5223 100.0 12 16 World 75731 100.0 7 6

Asia 3724 71.3 15 17 Asia 45536 60.1 10 9 North America 750 14.4 3 11 South and Central America 11901 15.7 5 6 Europe 462 8.8 11 13 North America 8721 11.5 -6 -3 South and Central America 174 3.3 -1 26 Europe 4485 5.9 5 -2 Africa 54 1.0 32 30 Africa 2445 3.2 29 14 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 31 0.6 13 -5 Middle East 2043 2.7 9 15 Middle East 24 0.5 31 -9 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 599 0.8 28 -23

Suppliers Suppliers

China 1850 35.4 17 27 China 14394 19.0 19 20 United States 478 9.1 -2 7 Mexico 7005 9.2 -7 -3 Bangladesh 348 6.7 142 60 Hong Kong, China 4128 5.5 -5 4 European Union (25) 324 6.2 9 8 European Union (25) 2854 3.8 5 0 India 313 6.0 15 3 Honduras 2802 3.7 3 7

Above 5 3313 63.4 17 22 Above 5 31182 41.2 5 9

Mexico 272 5.2 14 20 Viet Nam 2748 3.6 160 8 Hong Kong, China 230 4.4 -5 -4 Indonesia 2644 3.5 4 12 Korea, Republic of 125 2.4 -19 -14 India 2540 3.4 4 10 Thailand 110 2.1 18 -11 Thailand 2344 3.1 2 3 Cambodia 105 2.0 381 77 Bangladesh 2119 2.8 -2 7

Indonesia 98 1.9 0 -7 Dominican Republic 2106 2.8 -2 -3 Taipei, Chinese 91 1.7 -9 -14 Korea, Republic of 2054 2.7 -13 1 Turkey 83 1.6 20 15 Guatemala 2026 2.7 6 10 Philippines 80 1.5 4 13 Philippines 1909 2.5 1 -3 Pakistan 70 1.3 1 0 El Salvador 1760 2.3 3 0

Malaysia 69 1.3 1 -6 Taipei, Chinese 1725 2.3 2 -4 Viet Nam 57 1.1 8 35 Canada 1717 2.3 -3 -2 Sri Lanka 55 1.1 -3 14 Sri Lanka 1689 2.2 2 8 Honduras 53 1.0 -16 37 Macao, China 1523 2.0 12 13 Macao, China 45 0.9 11 13 Cambodia 1520 2.0 18 16

Guatemala 25 0.5 27 43 Pakistan 1322 1.7 13 10 Trade by sector Trade Bulgaria 25 0.5 25 61 Malaysia 1279 1.7 -1 2 El Salvador 21 0.4 -20 4 Turkey 1260 1.7 5 -8 Dominican Republic 19 0.4 -15 17 Jordan 1007 1.3 50 65 Romania 17 0.3 28 66 Peru 708 0.9 30 35

Peru 17 0.3 49 32 Colombia 616 0.8 48 19 Russian Federation 16 0.3 50 -15 Nicaragua 614 0.8 12 23 Mongolia 15 0.3 88 26 Costa Rica 528 0.7 -19 -13 Myanmar 12 0.2 -9 -40 Lesotho 482 0.6 22 15 Lesotho 11 0.2 93 69 Egypt 451 0.6 10 11

Singapore 10 0.2 15 -27 Israel 352 0.5 -4 -14 Egypt 10 0.2 -6 30 Russian Federation 347 0.5 34 -32 Brazil 10 0.2 40 44 Madagascar 346 0.5 118 63 Poland 8 0.2 9 6 Japan 337 0.4 23 29 Tunisia 8 0.2 37 34 Haiti 335 0.4 33 11 Above 35 5078 97.2 12-- 17 Above 35 71590 94.5 --77

178 Table IV.81 (continued) Clothing imports of selected economies by region and supplier, 2004

(Million dollars and percentage)

European Union (25) Japan

Annual percentage Annual percentage Value Share change Value Share change

2004 2004 2003 2004 2004 2004 2003 2004

Region Region

World 121656 100.0 19 14 World 21688 100.0 11 11

Europe 73904 60.7 20 12 Asia 19489 89.9 11 12 Asia 37465 30.8 20 19 Europe 1815 8.4 8 6 Africa 7683 6.3 13 7 North America 293 1.3 -9 6 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 953 0.8 12 12 Africa 43 0.2 10 34 Middle East 614 0.5 11 19 South and Central America 37 0.2 -4 6 North America 593 0.5 1 18 Middle East 6 0.0 -17 28 South and Central America 415 0.3 16 27 Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 4 0.0 5 45 Suppliers Suppliers

European Union (25) 55793 45.9 18 12 China 17544 80.9 13 13 China 16052 13.2 27 22 European Union (25) 1697 7.8 7 5 Turkey 9792 8.0 27 13 Viet Nam 566 2.6 6 14 Romania 4829 4.0 22 10 Korea, Republic of 316 1.5 -19 -8 Bangladesh 4622 3.8 36 31 Thailand 274 1.3 8 7

Above 5 91087 74.9 22 15 Above 5 20397 94.1 12 11 India 3496 2.9 20 13 United States 259 1.2 -9 9 Tunisia 3259 2.7 13 4 Malaysia 150 0.7 9 11 Morocco 3044 2.5 14 7 Indonesia 127 0.6 -15 -7 Hong Kong, China 2515 2.1 8 2 India 110 0.5 10 15 Indonesia 1717 1.4 10 8 Philippines 98 0.4 -4 6 Pakistan 1389 1.1 25 20 Taipei, Chinese 68 0.3 -5 5 Bulgaria 1338 1.1 32 18 Hong Kong, China 64 0.3 -10 14 Thailand 1297 1.1 15 15 Myanmar 45 0.2 116 39 Sri Lanka 1071 0.9 14 25 Romania 42 0.2 53 50 Viet Nam 813 0.7 -10 32 Turkey 37 0.2 32 29 Korea, Republic of 799 0.7 12 9 Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of 26 0.1 -32 -30 Switzerland 744 0.6 36 9 Sri Lanka 24 0.1 10 11 Malaysia 702 0.6 0 4 Bangladesh 22 0.1 1 15 Cambodia 646 0.5 19 35 Tunisia 20 0.1 19 48 Mauritius 640 0.5 7 3 Switzerland 20 0.1 16 -1

Croatia 576 0.5 12 9 Mexico 17 0.1 -11 -10 by sector Trade Ukraine 540 0.4 14 15 Canada 16 0.1 0 -13 Macao, China 536 0.4 9 4 Macao, China 16 0.1 44 18 Taipei, Chinese 468 0.4 15 -7 Morocco 13 0.1 -8 23 Myanmar 466 0.4 11 35 Hungary 12 0.1 8 -3 Philippines 424 0.3 12 26 Bulgaria 12 0.1 44 3 Egypt 424 0.3 21 35 Honduras 10 0.0 -15 12 United States 405 0.3 -3 13 Cambodia 10 0.0 62 15 TFYR Macedonia 322 0.3 24 20 Pakistan 8 0.0 -6 3 United Arab Emirates 279 0.2 12 29 Peru 7 0.0 28 30 Madagascar 198 0.2 10 36 Croatia 6 0.0 -13 29 Serbia and Montenegro 177 0.1 14 14 Guatemala 4 0.0 47 -5 Israel 161 0.1 10 14 Singapore 4 0.0 -24 19 Lao People's Dem. Rep. 147 0.1 4 18 El Salvador 4 0.0 -25 12 Belarus 144 0.1 18 1 New Zealand 4 0.0 27 35 Bosnia and Herzegovina 141 0.1 18 12 Mauritius 4 0.0 20 -11 Albania 137 0.1 32 15 Madagascar 4 0.0 29 190 Japan 132 0.1 10 10 Brazil 3 0.0 -13 18 Canada 124 0.1 21 43 Australia 3 0.0 24 7 Syrian Arab Republic 120 0.1 6 11 Nepal 3 0.0 0 -10 Above 40 120479 99.0 - - Above 40 21670 99.9 - - a Imports are valued f.o.b.

179 Table IV.82 Leading exporters and importers of clothing, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 1980 1990 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

European Union (25) 74.92 - - 27.0 29.0 9 6 18 9 extra-EU (25) exports 19.13 - - 6.9 7.4 9 4 13 11 China a 61.86 4.0 8.9 18.3 24.0 14 13 26 19 Hong Kong, China 25.10 12.3---- 14.2 12.3 9.7 1-43 8 domestic exports 8.14 11.5 8.6 5.0 3.2 -5 -10 -2 -1 re-exports 16.96 0.8---- 5.7 7.2 6.6 4-1613 Turkey 11.19 0.3 3.1 3.3 4.3 14 21 24 12 Mexico a, b 7.20 0.0 0.5 4.4 2.8 -4 -3 -5 -2

India c 6.62 1.7 2.3 3.1 2.8 7 10 10 ... United States 5.06 3.1 2.4 4.4 2.0 -12 -14 -8 -9 Romania 4.72 ... 0.3 1.2 1.8 19 17 25 16 Indonesia 4.45 0.2 1.5 2.4 1.7 -2 -13 4 8 Bangladesh 4.44 0.0 0.6 2.0 1.7 3 -7 13 0

Thailand b 4.05 0.7 2.6 1.9 1.6 1 0 1 12 Viet Nam b 3.98 ...... 0.9 1.5 22 41 35 12 Korea, Republic of 3.39 7.3 7.3 2.5 1.3 -9 -8 -8 -7 Tunisia 3.27 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 10 4 1 20 Pakistan 3.03 0.3 0.9 1.1 1.2 9 4 22 12

Above 15 206.32 - - 78.6 80.3 ----

Importers

European Union (25) 121.66 - - 39.9 45.0 10 7 19 14 extra-EU (25) imports 65.86 - - 20.9 24.4 11 7 20 15 United States 75.73 16.4 24.0 32.4 28.0 3176 Japan 21.69 3.6 7.8 9.5 8.0 2 -8 11 11 Hong Kong, China 17.13 1.6---- 6.2 7.7 6.3 2-22 7 retained imports 0.17 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.1 -44 -16 -38 -83 Russian Federation b 5.46 - - 1.3 2.0 19 27 25 13 Trade by sector Trade

Canada d 5.22 1.7 2.1 1.8 1.9 9 2 12 16 Switzerland 4.34 3.4 3.1 1.5 1.6 8 7 15 9 Korea, Republic of 2.75 0.0 0.1 0.6 1.0 20 38 13 8 Australia d 2.67 0.8 0.6 0.9 1.0 9 11 20 22 Mexico a, b, d 2.58 0.3 0.5 1.7 1.0 -8 -5 -9 -15

Singapore 2.06 0.3 0.8 0.9 0.8 2786 retained imports 0.56 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0 18 -7 12 United Arab Emirates b, c 2.05 0.6 0.5 0.7 0.8 ... 15 15 ... Norway 1.67 1.7 1.1 0.6 0.6 7 10 13 8 China a 1.54 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.6 7658 Saudi Arabia c 1.03 1.6 0.7 0.4 0.4 ... 6 13 ...

Above 15 250.61 - - 93.7 93.0 ----

a Includes significant shipments through processing zones. b Includes Secretariat estimates. c 2003 instead of 2004. d Imports are valued f.o.b.

180 Table IV.83 Clothing exports of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise exports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

World 108129 I 197413 203038 232488 258097 3.1 2.9

Albania ... 97 120 153 196 37.1 32.9 Bahrain 21 261 375 206 177 4.2 2.4 Bangladesh 643 3907 3947 4461 4442 61.2 54.5 Belarus - 262 292 341 401 3.6 2.9 Brazil 247 282 221 296 350 0.5 0.4 Brunei Darussalam 10 ... 207 218 ...... 5.3 Bulgaria ... 701 1092 1500 1753 14.5 17.7 Cambodia ... 970 1313 1600 1981 69.8 70.8 Canada 328 2077 1989 1966 1995 0.8 0.6 China b 9669 36071 41302 52061 61856 14.5 10.4

Colombia 460 520 523 637 868 4.0 5.4 Costa Rica b, c 54 I 385 397 302 263 6.6 4.2 Croatia - 469 511 595 631 10.6 7.9 Dominican Republic b, c 782 2868 2366 2278 2262 50.0 39.3 Egypt c 144 243 208 233 284 5.2 3.7 El Salvador b, c 184 1673 1841 1964 2083 56.9 63.2 European Union (25) - 53273 57958 68455 74921 2.2 2.0 intra-EU (25) exports - 39729 42785 51249 55793 2.4 2.2 extra-EU (25) exports - 13544 15173 17206 19128 1.7 1.6 Fiji 80 156 106 135 146 26.7 21.5 FYR Macedonia - 318 334 409 478 24.1 28.8 Honduras c 64 472 475 510 551 34.5 35.8

Hong Kong, China 15406 24214 22430 23158 25097 11.9 9.5 domestic exports 9266 9935 8338 8202 8138 42.2 40.7 re-exports 6140 14279 14091 14956 16960 8.0 6.9 India 2530 6178 6037 6625 ... 13.7 10.5 Indonesia 1646 4734 3945 4105 4454 7.2 6.2 Israel 482 729 549 485 525 2.3 1.4 Iran, Islamic Rep. of ... 125 183 228 ... 0.4 0.7 Jordan 11 115 520 683 1017 6.1 25.7 Korea, Republic of 7879 5027 3962 3640 3391 2.9 1.3 Lesotho ... 261 234 290 335 77.7 46.1 Macao, China 1111 1849 1648 1834 1952 72.8 69.4 Malaysia b 1315 2257 2000 2057 2326 2.3 1.8

Mauritius 619 948 949 980 939 60.9 46.9 Mexico b, c 587 8631 7751 7343 7197 5.2 3.8 Moldova - 76 98 119 157 16.0 15.9 Morocco 722 I 2401 2437 2847 3020 32.3 30.9 Nepal 50 209 ... 226 ... 26.0 34.1

Pakistan 1014 2144 2228 2710 3026 23.8 22.6 by sector Trade Peru 120 504 530 653 883 7.2 7.0 Philippines b, c 1733 2536 2611 2250 2270 6.4 5.7 Romania 363 2328 3251 4069 4717 22.5 20.1 Russian Federation c - 460 538 673 535 0.4 0.3

Serbia and Montenegro c - 130 158 176 ... 7.6 6.6 Singapore 1588 1825 1653 1798 1822 1.3 1.0 domestic exports 995 504 386 356 324 0.6 0.3 re-exports 593 1321 1267 1442 1498 2.2 1.8 South Africa 85 I 218 256 310 257 0.7 0.6 Sri Lanka c 638 2812 2350 2513 2763 51.8 48.0 Switzerland 686 607 763 1113 1257 0.8 1.1 Taipei, Chinese 3987 3015 2187 2102 1951 2.0 1.1 Thailand c 2817 3757 3571 3615 4050 5.4 4.2 Tunisia 1126 2227 2696 2722 3268 38.1 33.7 Turkey 3331 6533 8057 9962 11193 23.5 17.7 Ukraine c - 417 503 568 671 2.9 2.1 United States 2565 8629 6032 5537 5059 1.1 0.6 Uruguay 153 103 50 60 68 4.5 2.3 Viet Nam c ... 1821 2633 3555 3982 12.6 15.5 a Or nearest year. b Includes significant exports from processing zones. c Includes Secretariat estimates.

181 Table IV.84 Clothing imports of selected economies, 1990-04

(Million dollars and percentage)

Share in economy's total Value merchandise imports

1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2004 a

Albania ... 68 98 126 143 6.3 6.3 Argentina 6 316 57 70 119 1.3 0.5 Australia b 711 1858 1819 2190 2667 2.6 2.5 Bangladesh 14 185 182 ... 130 2.1 1.1 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela b 101 390 247 125 226 2.4 1.5 Brazil 59 185 153 154 215 0.3 0.3 Bulgaria ... 179 327 455 491 2.8 3.4 Canada b 2388 3690 4013 4501 5223 1.5 1.9 Chile 52 501 488 502 666 2.7 2.7 China c 48 1192 1356 1422 1542 0.5 0.3

Costa Rica c, d 17 I 308 265 203 179 4.8 2.2 Croatia - 278 251 331 378 3.5 2.3 Ecuador 1 23 64 80 121 0.6 1.5 El Salvador c, d 171 569 645 690 554 11.5 8.8 European Union (25) e - 82699 89519 106865 121656 3.2 3.2 extra-EU (25) imports - 43305 47446 57103 65863 4.7 5.1 Hong Kong, China 6913 16008 15701 15950 17129 7.5 6.3 retained imports 773 1728 1609 994 170 5.0 0.6 Iceland 75 88 78 104 117 3.4 3.3 India 2 26 30 45 ... 0.1 0.1 Indonesia 16 39 42 27 54 0.1 0.1 Israel 61 471 541 541 625 1.3 1.5

Japan 8765 19709 17601 19485 21687 5.2 4.8 Jordan 28 61 93 99 126 1.3 1.5 Korea, Republic of 151 1307 2256 2547 2747 0.8 1.2 Kuwait 206 317 ...... 4.4 4.2 Lebanon ... 171 239 263 ... 2.8 3.7 Macao, China 26 214 292 306 400 9.5 11.5 Malaysia c 76 148 168 172 244 0.2 0.2 Mexico b, c, d 573 3602 3342 3034 2583 2.1 1.3 Morocco c 8 I 232 257 282 309 2.0 1.8 New Zealand 149 401 429 520 619 2.9 2.7

Norway 1231 1287 1361 1542 1666 3.7 3.5 Peru 1 59 90 108 92 0.8 0.9 Philippines c, d 14 75 66 83 90 0.2 0.2 Romania 26 322 ... 581 645 2.5 2.0 Russian Federation d - 2689 3860 4824 5461 6.0 5.7 Saudi Arabia 833 813 909 1026 ... 2.7 2.8

Trade by sector Trade Serbia and Montenegro d - 46 97 145 ... 1.2 1.8 Singapore 920 1881 1808 1944 2060 1.4 1.3 retained imports 328 560 541 501 562 0.7 0.7 South Africa b 108 I 223 207 349 620 0.8 1.3 Sri Lanka 11 ... 103 105 113 1.4

Switzerland 3437 3160 3449 3977 4343 3.8 3.9 Taipei, Chinese 290 978 832 823 993 0.7 0.6 Thailand d 29 131 138 156 197 0.2 0.2 Tunisia 191 438 541 540 626 5.1 4.9 Turkey 16 264 283 422 651 0.5 0.7 Ukraine d - 60 94 128 124 0.4 0.4 United Arab Emirates d 514 1422 1780 2047 ... 5.3 5.2 United States 26977 67115 66731 71277 75731 5.3 5.0 Viet Nam d ... 450 331 480 430 2.9 1.4

a Or nearest year. b Imports are valued f.o.b. c Includes significant imports into processing zones. d Includes Secretariat estimates. e See the Technical Notes for information on intra-EU (25) imports.

182 5. Commercial services

5.1 Transportation services

Table IV.85 Chart IV.13 World exports of transportation services World exports of transportation services, 2004 and share in total commercial services, 1997-04 (Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage) Value 500 600 50 Share (right scale) Annual percentage change Value (left scale) 500 45 1990-95 6

1995-00 3 400 40

2000-04 10 300 35 2002 4 200 30 2003 14

2004 23 100 25

Share in world exports of commercial services 23.6 0 20 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Table IV.86 Chart IV.14 Share of transportation services in total trade of Regional shares in world trade in transportation commercial services by selected region, 2004 services, 2004 (Percentage) (Percentage)

Exports Imports Trade by sector Trade

North America 17.5 27.4 Europe South and Central America 23.8 37.5

Europe 22.8 23.3

European Union (25) 22.6 22.6 Asia Africa 24.6 41.9

Asia 28.5 34.9

North America Exports

Imports

All other regions

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

183 Table IV.87 Leading exporters and importers of transportation services, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

United States 56.0 14.5 11.2 3 0 3 18 Germany 33.2 5.76.6 1415 13 23 Japan 32.1 7.46.4 60 10 21 United Kingdom 27.1 5.5 5.4 9 1 20 28 France 25.6 5.35.1 83 15 19

Netherlands 23.8 4.84.7 90 15 17 Korea, Republic of 22.4 3.9 4.5 13 0 29 32 Denmark 21.7 4.14.3 110 24 19 Hong Kong, China 17.2 3.7 3.4 8 11 4 24 Greece 16.6 2.33.3 20-2 35 53

Norway 14.9 2.73.0 123 16 21 Singapore 13.8 3.42.7 45 -2 17 Italy 13.2 2.72.6 912 8 32 Spain 13.0 2.32.6 139 22 14 Belgium 12.5 -2.5 -- 15 27

Above 15 345.0 - 68.4 - - 13 23

Importers

United States 77.5 15.7 13.1 4 -5 13 18 Japan 42.7 8.47.2 5-3 8 25 Germany 40.4 6.16.8 1216 20 15 United Kingdom 32.9 5.8 5.6 8 8 13 17 France 26.2 4.34.4 103 19 23

China 24.5 2.54.2 2420 34 35 Italy 19.4 3.13.3 1013 21 21 Korea, Republic of 17.9 2.6 3.0 13 2 19 33 Netherlands 17.1 3.12.9 71 18 12 Denmark 16.9 2.62.9 11-2 23 20 Trade by sector Trade Singapore 16.4 3.12.8 63 5 22 India 13.7 2.12.3 120 10 47 Spain 12.9 2.02.2 127 21 16 Canada 12.1 2.22.1 70 13 19 Belgium 11.0 -1.9 -- 17 22

Above 15 380.0 - 64.7 - - 16 21

184 5.2 Travel services

Table IV.88 Chart IV.15 World exports of travel services World exports of travel services, 2004 and share in total commercial services, 1997-04 (Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 625 700 50 Share (right scale) Annual percentage change 600 45 Value (left scale) 1990-95 9 500 40 1995-00 3 400 2000-04 7 35 300 2002 4 30 200 2003 10 100 25 2004 18

Share in world exports of commercial services 29.4 0 20 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Table IV.89 Chart IV.16 Share of travel services in total trade of commercial Regional shares in world trade in travel services by selected region, 2004 services, 2004 (Percentage) (Percentage)

Exports Imports by sector Trade

North America 31.4 27.1 Europe South and Central America 48.9 24.5

Europe 28.1 29.3

European Union (25) 27.2 29.0 Asia Africa 51.0 20.0

Asia 26.6 25.8

North America Exports

Imports

All other regions

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

185 Table IV.90 Leading exporters and importers of travel services, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

United States 95.5 20.6 15.3 -1 -4 -1 14 Spain 46.2 6.57.4 113 24 11 France 40.7 6.56.5 77 13 11 Italy 35.6 5.85.7 74 16 14 Germany 27.6 3.94.4 107 20 19

United Kingdom 27.3 4.6 4.4 6 9 10 20 China 25.7 3.44.1 1215 -15 48 Turkey 15.9 1.62.5 205 56 20 Austria 15.4 2.12.5 118 25 10 Greece 12.9 1.92.1 99 8 20

Australia 12.7 1.82.0 117 20 23 Canada 12.7 2.32.0 41 -1 20 Japan a 11.3 1.8 1.8 8 6 1 27 Mexico 10.8 1.71.7 75 6 15 Switzerland 10.3 1.61.6 75 18 10

Above 15 400.0 66.1 64.0 6 3 10 17

Importers

Germany 71.9 12.012.3 82 23 11 United States 67.8 15.3 11.6 0 -3 -2 14 United Kingdom 55.8 8.7 9.6 10 10 15 17 Japan 38.3 7.36.6 50 9 32 France 28.5 4.14.9 128 20 22

Italy 20.5 3.63.5 714 22 0 China 19.1 3.03.3 1011 -1 26 Netherlands 16.5 2.82.8 88 12 13 Canada 15.9 2.82.7 6-3 13 20 Russian Federation 15.7 2.0 2.7 15 22 14 22 Trade by sector Trade Belgium 13.8 -2.4 -- 19 13 Hong Kong, China 13.3 2.8 2.3 2 1 -8 16 Korea, Republic of 12.0 1.6 2.1 14 37 -5 20 Austria 11.3 1.91.9 86 24 -4 Spain 11.1 1.21.9 1912 24 34

Above 15 410.0 - 70.5 - - 11 16

a Secretariat estimates for exports prior to 2003 are based on the new methodology applied by the of Japan. See the Technical Notes.

186 5.3 Other commercial services

Table IV.91 Chart IV.17 World exports of other commercial services World exports of other commercial services, 2004 and share in total commercial services, 1997-04 (Billion dollars and percentage) (Billion dollars and percentage)

Value 1000 1200 50 Share (right scale) Annual percentage change Value (left scale) 1000 45 1990-95 10

1995-00 7 800 40

2000-04 11 600 35 2002 10

2003 16 400 30

2004 16 200 25 Share in world trade in commercial services 47.0

0 20 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Table IV.92 Chart IV.18 Share of other commercial services in total trade Regional shares in world trade in other of commercial services by selected region, 2004 commercial services, 2004 (Percentage) (Percentage)

Exports Imports by sector Trade

North America 51.1 45.6 Europe South and Central America 27.2 38.0

Europe 49.1 47.4

European Union (25) 50.3 48.3 Asia Africa 24.4 38.1

Asia 44.9 39.3

North Exports America Imports

All other regions

0 20 40 60

187 Table IV.93 Leading exporters and importers of other commercial services, 2004

(Billion dollars and percentage)

Share in world Value exports/imports Annual percentage change

2004 2000 2004 2000-04 2002 2003 2004

Exporters

United States 166.8 19.7 16.7 6897 United Kingdom 117.5 11.6 11.8 11 13 13 15 Germany 73.0 6.27.3 1518 23 11 Japan 51.5 5.95.2 73 9 27 France 43.2 4.74.3 92 16 9

Ireland 40.3 2.24.0 2925 35 26 Netherlands 38.9 3.73.9 1213 15 16 Italy 33.1 2.93.3 152 23 15 India 30.9 ... 3.1 ... 17 19 ... Belgium 27.7 -2.8 -- 22 10

Hong Kong, China 27.4 3.0 2.7 8 4 11 11 Luxembourg 27.4 -2.7 -- 24 36 Spain 25.3 2.22.5 1514 22 10 Canada 24.9 3.22.5 4694 China 24.2 1.52.4 2427 59 15

Above 15 750.0 - 75.3 - - 16 15

Importers

United States 114.7 12.4 12.5 11 12 12 11 Germany 80.7 9.38.8 9-3 15 14 Japan 53.0 7.95.8 21 -3 13 Ireland 51.1 4.25.5 1819 25 12 United Kingdom 47.3 5.5 5.1 9 8 13 10

France 41.6 3.94.5 1517 21 12 Italy 40.8 4.24.4 125 19 11 Netherlands 38.8 4.04.2 1212 15 10 Spain 29.7 2.83.2 1411 24 13 Austria 29.5 2.93.2 1315 14 19 Trade by sector Trade China 27.9 2.03.0 2324 26 30 Canada 27.8 3.53.0 67 11 5 Belgium 23.5 -2.6 -- 21 11 India 22.1 ... 2.4 ... 12 36 ... Korea, Republic of 19.8 2.4 2.1 8 4 14 20

Above 15 650.0 - 70.4 - - 15 14

188 Chart IV.19 World exports of other commercial services by component and selected region, 2003 (Percentage)

World Communications services

Construction services

11% 8% Insurance services 6% 13% 5% Financial services

5% 3% Computer and information services

Royalties and license fees 49% Personal, cultural, and recreational services

Other business services Note: Excluding intra-EU(15) trade.

North America Europe

4% 14% 10% 28% 9% 8% 5% 6% 2% 9% 4% 4% 3%

42% 5% 47%

Note: Excluding intra-EU(15) trade. by sector Trade

Asia Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 8% 9% 17% 3% 7% 3% 2% 3% 2% 3% 5% 2% 11% 4%

63% 58%

189 Trade by sector Trade

190 Appendix tables 04181324171512111212141814127 123 120 134 118 129 117 125 112 121 118 109 123 98 114 116 96 110 107 124 112 110 95 103 121 95 110 94 100 109 118 92 132 106 93 116 103 93 107 127 91 114 100 93 98 122 172 87 112 106 119 94 97 157 109 84 103 121 93 95 149 81 100 98 131 115 143 107 90 94 111 78 95 124 145 104 85 94 75 95 119 129 100 82 132 94 109 96 118 72 122 93 79 128 89 104 94 119 70 92 77 124 85 100 117 94 165 114 92 90 119 69 71 84 114 105 93 151 83 87 117 68 69 81 100 94 144 177 66 79 85 113 111 139 82 70 93 147 112 96 63 76 85 103 140 79 70 89 128 90 61 73 83 100 69 234 127 121 110 80 85 87 58 69 121 81 66 176 126 104 96 82 86 83 55 64 77 63 144 114 100 88 133 80 116 94 80 55 144 58 77 111 61 96 87 116 54 78 105 78 159 55 93 50 56 75 88 82 100 74 100 108 178 75 107 53 85 94 47 58 72 87 80 72 93 104 146 71 56 50 71 82 94 45 83 84 2004 79 51 100 126 69 43 73 45 71 78 93 117 72 78 2003 77 40 48 120 64 73 43 69 75 97 114 72 83 2002 75 38 73 46 125 64 67 72 81 100 44 87 44 67 2001 71 102 37 70 76 111 61 40 66 68 82 42 65 2000 72 103 35 67 74 107 62 38 40 64 63 85 56 1999 73 100 33 65 63 71 108 85 36 38 59 66 86 60 53 1998 71 66 31 61 104 74 33 36 57 65 73 30 92 60 45 1997 70 62 100 78 77 30 34 56 61 28 60 80 58 38 1996 84 72 74 72 56 28 31 51 56 59 27 69 32 1995 74 26 56 68 70 71 53 32 50 56 25 68 30 1994 64 74 24 29 55 68 68 50 54 24 62 26 51 28 1993 61 69 48 22 53 64 65 50 24 81 45 23 52 28 1992 57 68 21 51 48 72 58 50 23 84 43 21 1991 55 60 74 18 51 29 45 50 20 48 67 22 84 41 1990 51 56 19 17 49 29 42 45 21 46 63 92 38 48 25 1989 51 49 18 14 39 48 20 44 53 62 36 46 21 1988 42 103 17 14 53 37 45 55 19 39 33 15 45 17 1987 38 52 106 12 50 38 46 18 32 42 75 15 44 15 1986 38 46 12 40 49 37 50 17 29 51 14 36 43 13 1985 36 47 42 10 35 51 28 45 50 13 9 33 40 12 1984 37 31 40 45 26 9 42 45 12 8 31 40 1983 40 31 38 7 36 24 28 41 39 8 38 1982 40 31 35 25 6 32 24 37 40 40 7 1981 33 30 33 23 5 28 24 37 38 18 6 1980 4 26 27 32 22 25 12 23 35 4 36 6 1979 23 31 21 20 25 11 34 3 35 6 1978 20 25 21 19 21 10 34 3 35 5 1977 18 14 24 8 19 17 5 3 33 8 1976 17 12 25 19 15 4 2 31 7 1975 12 11 23 17 14 4 2 8 28 6 1974 10 22 14 4 2 7 27 9 20 6 1973 12 3 2 6 25 9 19 5 1972 11 2 6 24 9 17 5 1971 11 22 1 5 8 15 4 1970 10 22 1 4 8 14 4 1969 10 21 1 4 8 4 9 1968 21 1 4 7 4 8 1967 20 1 4 7 4 7 1966 1 3 7 4 7 1965 1 3 6 4 6 1964 1 3 6 3 1963 1 3 6 3 1962 1 2 6 3 1961 2 6 3 1960 2 5 2 1959 2 5 2 1958 2 5 1957 2 6 1956 2 5 1955 2 1954 2 1953 1 1952 1951 1950 Note a Includesunspecified products. (Index, 1995=100) World merchandise exports, production andgross domesticproduct, 1950-04 Table A1 : SeetheTechnicalNotes fortheestimationofworldaggregates merchandiseexports,productionandGDP. oa apout pout auatrsTtl rdcs rdcsMnfcue oa ArclueMnn Manufacturing Mining Agriculture Total Manufactures products products Totala Manufactures products products Total a giutrladmnn giutrlandmining Agricultural andmining Agricultural ul Fuels Fuels xot xot rdcinGDP Production Exports Exports Value Volume World 191 Appendix tables 192 Appendix tables sa20 645 419 344 2.2 6.9 5.91.0 04 7.44 10.48 0.24 14.40 0.36 0.85 255.49 0.42 4.28 269.89 5.02 37.06 26.42 374.42 11.22 65.90 41.34 411.92 30.68 70.91 2.37 1624.51 34.77 14.90 2.85 2002 18.44 63.02 36.85 20.92 77.92 251.22 140.14 4.19 2002 7.45 2002 8.94 Asia 34.23 153.20 49.49 Middle East 2002 164.08 2.17 1903.94 Africa 2068.01 2.31 41.46 3.02 251.14 2.55 292.96 35.90 4.06 2835.67 CIS 38.92 58.21 2002 14.82 42.63 98.28 163.63 62.40 220.51 178.44 70.30 2524.92 59.26 187.81 2745.43 363.14 179.18 2002 626.47 Europe 1111.76 1468.36 1106.24 6299.00 2002 South andCentralAmerica 2002 North America World Origin (Billion dollars) Table A2 Network ofworldmerchandise trade byregion, 2002-04 te sa20 0.8 7.2 5.2 20 116 144 .4 .3 2.85 0.13 4.03 3.52 0.17 7.24 5.12 0.54 124.40 0.94 131.64 3.38 10.48 12.09 1.16 11.02 56.68 157.02 3.25 0.85 60.06 172.52 8.52 6.75 63.93 802.78 88.49 10.29 67.18 2002 97.58 79.41 6.73 325.59 120.38 2002 131.52 2002 - 416.73 Other Asia 2002 16.38 Australia and 11.10 48.12 2.39 China 59.22 4.33 Japan 3.28 9.91 6.43 140.41 6.65 150.33 31.83 3.14 107.30 45.15 20.46 2002 154.16 2.40 24.83 1763.53 1917.69 216.10 3.84 38.32 Russian Federation 2002 230.69 13.13 268.13 146.99 2617.92 160.12 2002 50.89 Other Europe - European Union(25) 258.70 693.10 2002 United States e eln 038.5 05 .5 09 34 28 .2 .1 0.15 0.21 0.62 12.81 13.42 0.97 8.55 10.53 88.05 2003 New Zealand etnto ol aAeiaEuro America Worlda Destination 04168 1.4 99 .9 1.9 1.406 02 0.20 0.28 0.65 6.03 13.04 9.29 3.12 1.77 13.69 5.49 3.77 2.20 1.19 84.61 5.57 10.39 9.97 4.42 5.66 3.82 90.09 89.21 141.12 914.96 151.51 75.62 12.34 12.02 161.93 177.18 8.72 94.78 2003 106.80 80.04 117.15 8.24 8.14 13.82 2004 6.46 9.10 128.44 115.78 128.69 593.33 124.02 - 13.46 - 117.54 158.27 438.23 175.05 142.50 2004 128.60 2003 565.81 30.20 21.36 471.82 26.94 2004 17.05 14.11 12.86 20.91 25.32 2003 17.36 17.35 389.99 2388.37 79.26 416.92 59.76 39.73 11.77 314.15 39.37 481.86 3.92 1913.05 335.06 6.43 533.13 28.16 405.17 2.92 2004 5.42 444.74 96.31 1.23 72.61 18.56 2003 1.13 389.68 7.42 57.59 0.34 64.02 301.76 5.57 43.83 3.53 52.61 4.44 0.30 77.73 49.26 3.49 8.31 55.06 2.34 42.66 2004 6.44 45.19 17.79 0.72 10.66 2003 8.18 96.28 13.05 0.57 231.74 90.77 0.55 99.07 56.02 207.23 175.16 78.36 6.80 39.44 0.43 84.79 12.27 41.22 43.23 168.61 3.79 4.65 27.68 2004 8.70 31.01 225.02 80.77 2003 183.45 181.66 59.22 9.37 59.94 135.93 3.54 237.09 44.14 2.92 2004 190.04 12.27 25.89 88.19 2510.44 25.25 2003 64.80 2125.00 265.71 22.47 55.02 2747.53 103.04 128.93 194.61 6.33 254.88 12.67 2315.04 18.18 31.57 203.09 18.49 2004 47.30 27.24 2717.67 2003 39.47 2293.61 316.87 288.48 2972.55 256.05 253.71 2496.70 2004 50.84 335.53 2003 42.39 295.46 313.73 3714.23 276.18 3123.91 2004 367.10 2003 322.70 4031.10 4.39 3381.75 3.49 2004 15.80 4.83 3.61 2.96 2003 54.77 14.29 3.10 3.70 276.31 59.16 2.45 2.83 63.87 78 173.04 212.93 42.47 188.84 2.62 93.23 154.63 46.08 60.73 62.29 2004 - 48.89 168.92 73.46 51.48 2003 - 818.78 18.71 300.64 724.77 5.30 267.67 3.28 2004 16.47 197.14 2003 4.06 215.85 71.43 2.69 1324.45 436 345.54 174.54 1162.96 191.01 179.28 742.25 60.09 381.03 103.05 2004 653.45 3610.96 274.50 3956.50 2003 130.47 242.17 76.06 1414 8907.00 3024.69 3299.19 7342.00 1852.18 190.31 1204.38 1582.82 2004 2003 2004 1122 . 44 oa ttsTtlE 2)Euro EU(25) Total States Total 203 North America . 24 ntdOhrRussian Other United 184 . 93 South andCentral 16 . 58 184 . 44 171 p e . 96 12 p oa Federation Total e . 48 7 . 45 CIS 4 . 94 Note a Includesunspecifieddestinations. (Billion dollars) Table A2 Network ofworldmerchandise trade byregion, 2002-04 0.74.6163 247 26.2 0.5 1.4 13.3456 136 2004 2003 World 2002 1103.64 890.75 435.69 332.21 772.81 1539.33 1222.96 241.38 119.44 97.24 1014.19 405.95 80.96 341.06 2064.72 301.23 1661.25 244.77 1396.38 201.15 156.31 172.07 48.56 127.95 34.89 204.87 109.80 26.81 162.84 136.61 oa fiaArc oa aa .ZaadOtherAsia N.Zealand Japan Total Africa Africa Total 06 .281 1.4 8.0 14 1.9 2.82.5113 20 UnitedStates 2004 2003 2002 120.89 107.18 34.73 28.43 101.33 155.62 135.61 22.05 16.38 123.38 14.98 14.89 54.45 52.13 51.43 226.45 202.71 23.55 189.70 19.40 18.94 10.32 7.87 3.18 8.13 2.83 13.50 2.52 10.70 10.65 18 .51.53.8636 0.42.6570 6.1396 2004 OtherAsia 2003 339.65 2002 167.41 507.06 276.92 242.96 128.38 28.76 405.30 94.78 2003 2004 337.73 23.04 107.84 19.13 77.99 90.02 643.66 107.33 82.04 - - 518.35 39.78 438.91 30.51 77.99 107.33 17.05 25.72 11.70 4.75 12.99 9.26 10.09 3.09 21.80 2.47 77.49 14.79 62.62 12.56 2004 2003 197.80 Asia 149.87 2002 16.32 2004 2003 12.78 661.28 526.65 10.55 269.54 8.00 207.95 454.63 2004 108.01 3.11 930.82 84.82 734.60 2003 Africa 152.50 2.14 20.99 607.13 13.65 66.54 13.99 2002 52.91 129.00 16.94 10.13 42.87 98.82 13.05 203.94 167.26 2.87 13.51 11.75 146.82 7.24 1201.30 2.34 954.77 30.44 75.07 61.09 4.52 796.82 20.29 59.75 49.71 1.33 16.27 50.07 32.83 192.96 1.01 23.40 150.86 12.02 0.79 19.20 21.54 7.09 8.18 44.85 21.88 4.82 6.17 31.58 7.44 4.18 38.87 25.36 6.66 26.13 5.85 3.36 21.24 3.85 13.29 2.93 10.50 2.63 17.85 15.97 5.29 13.12 3.01 23.14 2.41 18.98 EuropeanUnion(25) 2004 15.52 2003 2002 143.33 117.90 58.61 2004 45.19 102.71 201.94 2003 Europe 163.09 31.94 2002 28.09 134.64 156.85 22.53 129.58 52.58 62.68 17.95 48.77 113.07 45.38 219.53 282.60 178.35 34.69 40.29 231.00 29.73 147.76 91.99 23.78 192.88 75.30 19.01 58.60 72.42 50.73 62.17 62.59 45.03 19.44 307.86 252.86 52.86 15.03 91.86 2004 104.62 211.80 11.48 77.62 2003 84.61 NorthAmerica 77.59 64.34 69.19 2002 66.54 20.15 129.27 56.36 114.12 15.61 97.73 40.29 11.93 32.30 82.14 107.64 169.56 68.29 146.42 25.14 18.11 132.78 16.47 15.88 61.56 58.56 57.23 249.23 221.44 25.14 205.89 20.68 20.01 11.34 8.87 3.48 9.07 3.07 14.82 2.70 11.94 11.77 .109 .9 .9 52 1.2 .7 3.367 50 03NewZealand Australiaand 2004 2003 2002 32.37 China 25.02 9.22 24.25 6.71 2002 41.59 5.22 31.73 29.47 10.69 60.01 8.87 Japan 2004 7.21 18.61 - 2003 14.62 2002 70.90 13.73 181.93 60.01 55.22 146.72 92.91 4.49 50.40 127.41 72.86 6.79 274.84 3.59 52.50 219.58 3.81 1.55 14.10 179.91 51.05 0.89 11.75 1.25 9.75 - 1.17 117.85 0.92 MiddleEast - 2.80 0.76 - 9.16 2002 1.81 288.94 1.93 231.33 5.54 14.47 67.15 189.66 12.88 1.38 9.19 3.69 RussianFederation 11.38 6.92 2.81 2004 76.34 2.91 2003 2.39 2.03 2002 6.60 1.84 1.55 11.75 4.85 8.49 3.95 2004 39.51 6.46 10.88 CIS 8.76 22.63 2003 2002 117.69 7.57 17.24 15.29 0.05 20.46 14.03 OtherEurope 10.85 0.03 2004 14.73 8.70 2003 6.35 5.13 0.01 30.02 11.83 9.50 3.81 2002 2.71 22.68 13.52 27.81 2.95 0.06 11.68 18.19 9.06 0.04 21.08 4.07 10.37 3.58 4.59 5.33 0.02 16.99 17.59 3.89 2.75 4.02 15.26 2.13 3.31 3.12 35.41 13.12 1.64 1.46 1.24 26.73 0.01 1.37 9.80 1.07 21.34 0.01 6.03 2.14 7.13 5.35 0.04 1.46 4.02 5.75 4.73 25.25 2004 1.42 2.82 SouthandCentralAmerica 21.85 0.02 2003 2.52 18.91 12.64 0.03 2002 4.04 9.31 0.06 16.00 2.84 7.02 5.16 11.68 9.88 2.58 13.96 3.95 0.71 10.12 3.49 29.96 0.58 5.84 5.87 21.80 0.45 0.80 4.53 15.71 0.69 3.95 0.55 8.34 5.97 5.34 39.10 28.46 5.24 21.60 4.16 3.97 5.24 3.70 1.76 3.18 1.15 7.00 0.83 4.85 4.02 : Forsourcesandmethods,seetheTechnical Notes. ot te Aust./ South Other fiaMdl atAi Destination Asia MiddleEast Africa (continued) oa Cia OhrOrigin Other China Total 193 Appendix tables 194 Appendix tables oa mot b3 83 44 63 44 951 39 73 40 53 44 52 94 39 51 69 136 36 58 62 106 45 43 84 89 44 39 90 88 36 46 82 500 85 38 46 401 99 74 552 30 40 363 103 81 460 347 34 87 409 83 381 Note 80 b ImportsofVenezuelaarevaluedf.o.b. 388 75 310 a ImportsofCanadaandMexicoarevaluedf.o.b. 432 63 287 71 1997 362 Total importsb 1715 382 1324 62 331 1591 1163 376 3791 356 Total exports 1570 1106 3179 355 1679 341 1148 3714 2647 281 1421 1225 3124 2526 321 Total imports 1271 1071 2618 2560 262 1208 1014 2452 2403 Total exports 1082 1014 ... 2437 1008 923 2344 ... 917 ... 856 Total imports ... 739 ...... Total exports ...... Total importsa ... Total exports Total imports Total exports (Billion dollars) ANDEAN (5) MERCOSUR (4) ASEAN (10) NAFTA (3) European Union(25) Table A3 Merchandise trade ofselectedregional integration arrangements, 1994-04 xr-mot 73 13 93 43 53 43 33 66 35 48 38 46 76 18 34 45 55 13 32 118 17 53 52 93 11 39 13 39 68 6 79 16 38 10 34 72 115 73 18 5 31 6 15 41 94 67 385 67 16 33 5 128 18 5 41 86 78 306 59 21 27 424 105 3 15 35 277 5 78 81 61 355 21 95 269 20 30 89 70 3 313 63 18 91 291 21 70 65 297 706 1291 58 14 240 104 17 1083 328 64 632 50 584 223 81 56 12 740 982 Extra-imports 14 281 609 511 76 306 Intra-imports 73 652 50 950 1281 259 620 12 480 74 302 Extra-exports 1064 626 1014 88 2510 268 664 Intra-exports 510 1204 288 891 67 847 637 2115 87 254 574 999 543 226 881 759 2510 1756 682 55 240 512 Extra-imports 854 82 491 2125 1645 920 726 Intra-imports 580 197 482 802 494 1764 1640 65 796 660 520 Extra-exports 422 1650 792 1607 519 Intra-exports ... 628 495 ... 1645 380 735 489 575 ... 433 1610 ... 342 ... 462 Extra-imports ... 394 Intra-imports ... 385 ...... 354 ... Extra-exports ... Intra-exports ...... Extra-imports Intra-imports ...... Extra-exports Intra-exports Extra-imports Intra-imports Extra-exports Intra-exports : Thefiguresarenotfullyadjustedfordifferencesinthewaymembers ofthearrangementsinthistablerecordtheirmerchan 9419 9619 9819 0020 0220 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 5456668 5456557 dise trade. Note a Includessignificantre-exportsorimportsforre-export. Memorandum: Middle EastandAsia Africa South andCentralAmerica North AmericaandEurope World a Imports Memorandum: Middle EastandAsia Africa South andCentralAmerica North AmericaandEurope World a Exports (Billion dollars) Merchandise trade byselectedgroups ofcountries, 1994-04 Table A4 AT 665. 446. 747. 067. 45138138.2 11.5 124.9 103.8 9.9 104.0 84.5 16.3 88.9 500.1 87.8 7.8 7.4 32.5 77.6 14.1 400.7 83.0 66.4 50.3 7.3 6.7 26.2 80.6 362.8 11.4 77.0 48.7 41.1 20.1 73.5 347.1 7.3 6.2 9.7 71.5 46.3 94.0 3791.0 16.8 380.7 36.6 23.8 67.4 8.1 5.3 3179.4 28.5 76.0 8.5 47.8 68.6 309.8 15.1 51.5 36.1 20.9 68.4 2647.0 7.8 4.1 25.1 79.3 287.3 45.7 8.5 62.2 2525.8 14.1 39.7 36.1 21.8 64.4 381.9 2560.2 23.2 70.5 7.2 3.9 47.5 83.9 7.9 14.0 41.4 38.2 21.1 59.9 2403.1 375.9 21.9 I 68.2 52.2 89.4 7.6 4.1 ... 14.0 45.5 38.9 8.4 20.9 SAPTA 46.6 355.3 20.8 GCC 60.6 48.3 163.2 82.4 12.4 7.4 4.2 40.7 36.1 ASEAN 281.2 18.1 ... 8.4 138.7 19.3 47.1 98.7 12.5 36.9 35.0 19.4 WAEMU 5.0 4.5 120.8 6.4 ... 18.9 SADC 38.3 102.6 12.4 46.2 31.1 ECOWAS 15.4 119.3 3.4 16.1 ECCAS 5.4 87.2 ... 104.0 10.6 45.4 COMESA 27.1 119.5 CEMAC 2.8 11.5 13.7 79.9 82.1 116.5 9.8 37.1 ... 1281. 10.0 13.3 MERCOSUR 62.7 274.1 120.1 70.8 39.7 CARICOM 7.6 1214.7 551.8 77.9 212.4 8.7 CACM 11.0 113.7 46.3 64.4 1090.9 17.6 ANDEAN 31.5 459.9 33.0 168.0 60.8 115.9 1015.1 41.5 7.0 33.3 64.2 11.2 408.6 NAFTA 927.4 160.6 22.1 114.9 10.7 50.2 European Union(25) 31.8 26.7 55.0 387.5 6.7 8.9 176.0 EFTA 96.8 18.4 9.0 47.7 3714.2 135.5 432.0 26.6 27.0 52.6 118.2 14.8 7.7 8.5 3123.9 16.1 49.6 106.1 7.3 362.1 72.7 24.0 96.0 30.3 53.9 2617.9 13.7 7.6 8.4 17.2 88.8 331.1 43.7 2451.8 7.7 53.3 25.8 126.6 24.4 51.4 12.4 355.9 2437.4 12.9 87.8 7.3 6.7 41.7 120.2 51.9 21.2 20.4 46.5 8.1 2344.5 12.3 340.7 10.7 I 84.6 49.2 104.4 7.4 5.8 ... 50.6 19.8 25.3 SAPTA 39.1 321.4 13.5 6.4 13.8 GCC 93.2 74.3 47.7 6.6 7.4 58.0 22.7 ASEAN 262.1 1324.4 26.7 ... 13.2 5.8 13.8 81.4 43.7 1162.9 43.4 22.9 22.3 WAEMU 5.0 6.9 12.7 149 1106.2 ... 11.5 6.4 83.2 SADC 38.9 39.1 20.3 1147.5 ECOWAS 16.8 143.4 11.1 6.1 ECCAS 9.6 75.0 5.8 1224.9 ... 46.4 COMESA 18.0 142.4 9.3 1070.6 CEMAC 5.2 70.5 127.8 5.8 45.6 1013.9 ... 8.9 203.2 MERCOSUR 61.9 121.2 1014.0 39.5 CARICOM 4.9 170.6 922.7 CACM 6.8 126.5 ANDEAN 33.9 .8 856.5 131.3 NAFTA 738.9 125.4 European Union(25) EFTA 106.7 es eeoe onre 1. 412. 742. 893. 634. 6261.8 46.2 40.0 8588.7 36.3 7134.6 6147.2 36.0 5866.2 28.9 6106.6 5473.5 25.4 5293.2 27.4 5322.7 5137.8 27.2 4941.9 24.1 4139.8 18.9 WTO Members(148) Least developedcountries es eeoe onre 2. 473. 914. 214. 734. 0771.2 60.7 49.6 47.3 43.7 9104.2 7531.6 42.1 6476.4 6244.7 40.0 6510.3 5733.7 39.1 5466.1 5513.0 37.9 5320.9 5082.3 34.7 4258.2 28.6 WTO Members(148) Least developedcountries ACP ACP : Breaks inthecontinuit Breaks : a a ftevlesre o atclrcutisadrgoa groupingsareindicatedbyan'I'.Seethe TechnicalNotes. y ofthevalueseriesforparticularcountriesandregional 36056. 31058. 48051. 49068. 42075. 9153.0 7551.0 6482.0 6183.0 6449.0 5712.0 5498.0 5581.0 5391.0 5162.0 4326.0 46057. 56053. 63051. 75067. 74073. 9495.0 7832.0 6724.0 6474.0 6715.0 5911.0 5673.0 5736.0 5536.0 5279.0 4426.0 9419 9619 9819 0020 0220 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 829. 0. 0. 779. 1. 0. 0. 3. 173.6 132.1 108.2 106.6 112.7 95.3 87.7 103.0 101.9 91.6 78.2 179. 0. 1. 1. 0. 1. 1. 1. 4. 178.5 143.3 115.8 117.0 114.0 108.5 110.2 113.6 103.5 99.7 81.7 45718. 52710. 7662011.7 1726.6 1604.3 1582.7 1686.8 1425.7 4 195 Appendix tables 196 Appendix tables North AmericaandEurope North AmericaandEurope Memorandum: Middle EastandAsia Africa South andCentralAmerica Memorandum: Middle EastandAsia Africa South andCentralAmerica ol 01819. 25510. 30618. 43618. 59018. 2094.5 1784.1 1569.0 1487.9 1473.6 1383.9 1330.6 1301.6 1265.5 1198.0 World 1041.8 Imports 2127.5 1804.7 1588.1 1488.7 1485.1 1397.0 1346.3 1318.2 1267.9 1182.2 World 1031.1 Exports (Billion dollars) Trade incommercial servicesbyselectedgroups ofcountries, 1994-04 Table A5 C 703. 283. 443. 353. 604...... 42.0 29.1 ...... 36.0 ... 110.9 25.8 ...... 3.6 34.1 17.4 92.5 26.1 24.2 18.9 9.8 33.5 15.3 8.7 2.9 88.4 25.5 2008.1 26.7 16.2 32.6 14.7 8.0 1714.5 7.9 84.9 2.6 24.4 19.0 ... 24.3 12.8 4.7 1509.5 34.4 13.1 7.3 85.7 22.0 15.8 7.0 2.5 1434.2 24.5 12.6 4.7 4.3 34.0 12.4 23.4 1423.1 74.4 19.0 14.9 7.0 5.9 2.8 29.7 12.3 ... 1340.3 32.8 13.0 4.5 4.1 20.5 67.1 17.5 15.2 7.3 1284.7 ... 12.3 12.9 5.8 2.8 4.5 31.6 12.1 4.4 18.9 3.9 85.3 1246.7 16.5 15.0 12.9 11.0 8.0 6.3 2.7 ... 1217.2 27.0 11.8 4.2 25.2 83.0 15.3 13.3 4.4 3.9 12.6 1154.3 11.5 335.1 8.3 11.5 5.5 2.8 25.7 ... 3.4 74.9 12.5 14.2 1002.9 4.1 3.6 296.1 12.3 12.1 9.8 8.3 5.1 23.1 2.7 57.5 13.7 3.2 272.9 12.3 ...... 4.0 3.3 11.4 954.0 8.0 26.1 WTO Members(148) 266.0 ... 4.7 12.3 2.0 ... 3.1 10.4 831.1 Least-developed countries 10.8 46.9 3.9 2.8 34.7 12.6 ACP 269.4 24.6 5.9 11.8 700.5 4.7 7.4 ... 11.1 40.4 3.2 ... 28.6 10.8 238.2 3.5 2.7 SAPTA 21.2 13.1 87.9 648.8 11.9 ... GCC 11.2 35.0 6.4 ... 217.0 2.9 1.7 28.1 10.4 ASEAN 3.3 2.6 22.8 626.5 21.6 11.8 72.6 201.7 11.3 32.4 6.1 4.2 28.8 9.9 611.7 2.9 1.4 1.4 WAEMU 20.4 18.1 8.5 73.7 3.0 2.3 2068.6 184.6 SADC 10.7 30.9 593.6 28.2 ECOWAS 6.2 3.4 9.9 1755.2 19.3 2.5 1.2 68.8 1.3 20.2 171.1 8.3 ECCAS ... 9.9 31.5 542.2 5.0 1544.5 COMESA 26.5 17.3 165.1 6.0 3.2 69.8 9.1 16.0 CEMAC 2.6 1.0 1.1 1449.8 8.7 541.5 30.6 7.6 4.5 25.7 17.8 6.0 14.3 1449.6 64.7 13.6 5.7 3.0 520.7 8.3 MERCOSUR 1.1 1.2 ... 8.9 28.9 CARICOM 1363.2 24.4 7.0 14.8 4.3 12.6 58.6 450.5 5.3 CACM 13.3 5.9 2.9 1309.2 ... 1.1 1.2 29.6 Andean Group 8.8 0.9 22.3 13.2 10.7 6.9 4.1 73.3 1279.9 14.1 5.2 5.6 2.8 28.6 NAFTA 1.0 1.2 ... 1233.3 19.3 8.8 14.7 0.8 10.3 73.4 European Union(25) 13.7 7.4 3.9 5.8 1153.2 379.0 EFTA 25.1 5.3 2.4 0.9 15.5 1.2 8.5 9.4 ... 0.7 64.5 11.9 1006.5 7.1 3.5 342.1 5.5 4.4 2.3 13.1 1.0 1.1 52.2 7.8 13.4 0.7 327.2 6.5 3.0 5.5 1016.5 13.6 2.1 WTO Members(148) 319.2 0.8 13.4 1.0 6.3 0.8 867.7 Least-developed countries 64.2 6.3 2.6 11.9 5.7 ACP 331.3 1.8 12.2 731.9 0.8 56.0 0.7 306.4 6.0 2.3 10.6 SAPTA 5.6 670.6 11.1 GCC 48.6 283.4 0.7 11.5 ASEAN 5.7 2.2 646.3 5.7 274.8 44.6 630.7 0.6 9.8 WAEMU 5.3 2.4 255.8 5.1 SADC 45.8 613.0 ECOWAS 0.6 233.5 ECCAS 4.7 44.0 571.6 COMESA 214.6 CEMAC 0.6 566.3 42.1 537.4 MERCOSUR 40.8 CARICOM 466.8 CACM 40.7 Andean Group 39.2 NAFTA European Union(25) EFTA 34.5 9419 9619 9819 0020 0220 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 Table A6 World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1994-04

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

World a 4326000 5162000 5391000 5581000 5498000 5712000 6449000 6183000 6482000 7551000 9153000

North America 738930 856550 922775 1014095 1013975 1070690 1224975 1147545 1106240 1162965 1324455

Canada 165376 192197 201633 214422 214327 238446 276635 259858 252394 272739 316547 Mexico 60882 79542 96000 110431 117460 136391 166367 158547 160682 165396 189083 United States 512627 584743 625073 689182 682138 695797 781918 729100 693103 724771 818775

South and Central America 126500 148900 160400 173700 163900 163600 194100 187200 187800 212900 276300

Antigua and Barbuda 44 53 38 38 36 38 50 39 45 48 45 Argentina 15659 20967 23811 26370 26441 23333 26341 26543 25650 29566 34453 Bahamas 167 176 180 181 300 462 576 423 446 425 450 Barbados 182 239 281 283 252 264 272 259 206 210 219 Belize 151 162 168 176 172 186 218 169 169 205 220 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 16089 18457 23060 21624 17193 20190 31802 25353 25890 23990 34210 Bolivia 1032 1100 1137 1167 1104 1051 1230 1285 1299 1573 2129 Brazil 43545 46506 47747 52994 51140 48011 55086 58223 60362 73084 96475 Chile 11604 16024 16627 17902 16323 17162 19210 18272 18180 21524 32025 Colombia 8419 10056 10587 11522 10852 11576 13040 12290 11911 12671 16224 Costa Rica 2869 3453 3730 4268 5511 6577 5865 5021 5264 6102 6297 Cuba 1385 1600 2015 1812 1512 1496 1676 1661 1402 1654 2192 Dominica 47 45 51 53 63 54 53 44 43 39 40 Dominican Republic 3453 3780 4053 4614 4989 5137 5737 5276 5165 5471 5750 Ecuador 3819 4307 4900 5264 4203 4451 4927 4678 5042 6039 7634 El Salvador 1249 1652 1789 2416 2452 2510 2941 2864 2996 3128 3295 Grenada 23 22 20 23 35 36 48 43 37 38 30 Guatemala 1521 2155 2031 2344 2582 2398 2696 2466 2232 2489 2938 Guyana 456 455 517 644 484 523 498 478 493 521 602 Haiti 82 110 90 212 320 334 318 274 280 347 391 Honduras 843 1220 1316 1446 1533 1164 1370 1324 1321 1332 1537 Jamaica 1212 1427 1383 1383 1312 1240 1304 1220 1114 1175 1390 Netherlands Antilles 1376 1522 1269 1488 1169 1451 2009 2398 1609 1161 1360 Nicaragua 335 466 466 577 573 545 645 589 561 605 756 Panama 583 625 623 723 784 822 859 911 846 864 944 Paraguay 816 919 1044 1089 1014 741 869 990 951 1242 1626 Peru 4554 5575 5897 6841 5757 6113 7028 7013 7723 8986 12547 Saint Kitts and Nevis 22 19 22 41 28 28 33 31 27 48 45 Saint Lucia 106 109 82 66 62 56 43 44 44 62 65 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines5042464650494741383837 Suriname 449 477 433 701 436 342 399 403 469 638 830 Trinidad and Tobago 1867 2455 2500 2542 2258 2804 4274 4280 3880 5178 6349 Uruguay 1913 2106 2397 2726 2771 2237 2295 2060 1861 2198 2950

Europe 1908625 2334300 2420930 2413190 2513160 2521380 2633490 2654570 2835665 3381745 4031100

Albania 140 202 207 139 205 264 261 305 330 453 596 Austria 45002 57738 58222 59784 64085 66060 67711 70751 78673 97146 117417 Belgium - - - - - 179148 188374 190349 216127 255521 306509 Appendix tables Belgium-Luxembourg 147107 178265 177337 174531 181910 ------Bosnia and Herzegovina 91 152 336 575 605 751 1069 1032 1006 1340 1789 Bulgaria 4005 5355 4890 4940 4300 3964 4809 5115 5749 7540 9918 Croatia 4260 4633 4511 4170 4541 4303 4432 4666 4899 6187 8022 Cyprus 968 1229 1391 1250 1061 997 951 976 843 923 948 Czech Republic 15940 21335 22165 22360 25855 26241 28996 33324 38492 48702 68657 Denmark 42343 50906 51415 49273 49013 50295 51293 51705 57495 66512 76821 Estonia 1303 1840 2078 2936 3245 3017 3830 4015 4336 5597 | 5945 Finland 29703 40490 41124 41471 43752 42243 46103 43237 45145 53171 61334 France 250571 301162 | 305509 302144 320631 325520 327616 323379 331719 392039 448714 FYR Macedonia 1086 1204 1147 1236 1311 1192 1319 1158 1116 1363 1661

197 Table A6 (continued) World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1994-04

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Germany 426935 523461 524649 512891 543752 543529 551818 571645 615831 751560 912261 Greece 9404 11054 11711 11326 10867 11069 11751 10244 10351 13651 15198 Hungary 10700 12865 | 15705 19100 23005 25012 28016 30436 34517 43094 54857 Iceland 1623 1804 1897 1851 1931 2004 1891 2022 2228 2385 2896 Ireland 33996 44705 48339 53348 64330 71238 77414 82835 88265 92755 104281 Italy 191362 233766 252293 240414 245801 235559 240521 244490 254427 299333 349153 Latvia 990 1305 1445 1670 1810 1723 1865 2001 2285 2893 3951 Lithuania 2030 | 2705 3355 3860 3710 3004 3810 4583 5564 7234 | 9269 Luxembourg - - - - - 8203 8378 9759 10214 13297 16228 Malta 1570 1914 1731 1641 1834 1983 2442 1822 2028 2252 2492 Netherlands 160885 203171 208999 207832 213977 218575 233133 230855 244058 296012 358187 Norway 34692 41992 49645 48541 40402 45479 60058 59191 59702 67480 81752 Poland 17240 22895 24440 25750 | 28230 27397 31651 35998 41133 53762 74854 Portugal 17989 22783 24618 23955 24793 24541 24364 24108 25908 31757 35767 Romania 6151 7910 8085 8431 8300 8505 10367 11391 13876 17619 23485 Serbia and Montenegro 240 230 2018 2677 2858 1498 1723 1903 2275 2650 3979 Slovak Republic 6690 8580 8830 | 9635 10724 10243 11889 12595 14405 21837 27548 Slovenia 6828 8316 8312 8372 9048 8604 8732 9267 10366 12766 15831 Spain 76696 97849 107243 100756 111973 104431 115252 116660 125687 156147 178607 Sweden 65822 80440 84916 82757 84767 84888 87134 75645 81499 102104 122537 Switzerland 70360 81641 79747 76150 78856 80300 80500 82144 87876 100693 118527 Turkey 18106 21637 23224 26261 26974 26588 27775 31334 36059 47253 63121 United Kingdom 205079 237953 258527 280406 273949 272161 285429 272715 280195 305627 346863

European Union (25) b ...... 2344455 2437355 2451845 2617920 3123905 3714225 extra-EU (25) exports ...... 734785 792250 802315 854395 998905 1203790 European Union (15) 1702895 2083745 2154900 2140890 2233600 2237460 2316290 2318780 2466270 2926630 ... extra-EU (15) exports 627170 749850 795235 817790 822240 810200 870085 882870 942985 1108395 ...

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 90700 112545 123660 124860 | 106800 106460 145730 144320 153200 194605 265710

Armenia 216 271 290 233 221 232 294 343 507 678 705 Azerbaijan 655 635 630 780 605 929 1745 2314 2167 2592 3615 Belarus 2510 4803 5652 7301 7070 5909 7326 7451 8021 9946 13752 Georgia 155 150 200 240 190 238 330 320 346 465 649 Kazakhstan 3231 5250 5911 6497 5334 5872 8812 8639 9670 12927 20093 Kyrgyz Republic 340 409 505 604 514 454 505 476 486 582 719 Moldova 565 745 795 875 630 465 472 568 644 790 986 Russian Federation 67540 81095 88600 88330 | 74884 75665 105565 101884 107301 135929 183452 Tajikistan 490 750 770 745 595 690 785 650 738 797 915 Turkmenistan 2145 1880 1695 1000 590 1187 2506 2700 2850 3632 3870 Ukraine 10305 | 13128 14401 14232 12637 11582 14573 16265 17957 23080 32672 Uzbekistan 2550 3430 4210 4025 3530 3235 2817 2708 2513 3189 4280

Africa 96700 112100 124900 127200 | 105400 116800 147000 137400 140100 175200 231700

Algeria 8880 10240 12620 13894 9839 12525 22031 19140 18831 24612 32298 Angola 3018 3642 5095 5007 3543 5157 7921 6534 8328 9508 13850 Appendix tables Benin 398 420 528 424 407 422 392 374 448 555 672 Botswana 1878 2142 2447 2842 2058 2644 2713 2450 2319 3024 3467 Burkina Faso 107 276 233 232 319 255 209 223 245 326 445 Burundi 120 105 39 86 65 54 50 39 30 38 47 Cameroon 1486 1651 1768 1860 1671 1601 1833 1749 1802 2246 2700 Cape Verde 5 8 13 14 10 11 11 10 11 13 15 Central African Republic 151 171 147 163 151 146 161 142 147 122 120 Chad 148 243 238 237 262 243 183 189 185 446 2200 Comoros 11 11 6 6 4 5 7 12 16 20 15 Congo 959 1172 1345 1668 1365 1560 2489 2055 2122 2630 3900 Congo, Dem. Rep. of 1256 1649 1652 1189 1180 933 760 940 1076 1281 1413 Côte d'Ivoire 2742 3806 4446 4451 4606 4661 3888 3946 5275 5844 6475

198 Table A6 (continued) World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1994-04

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Djibouti 12 14 29 31 28 28 32 32 36 37 41 Egypt 3476 3450 3539 3921 3130 3559 4689 4128 4708 6161 7682 Equatorial Guinea 66 127 232 497 439 709 1097 1834 2217 2949 5190 Eritrea 78 86 98 57 28 21 37 19 52 35 35 Ethiopia 372 422 417 587 561 467 486 455 480 504 639 Gabon 2350 2713 3184 3024 1916 2394 2602 2522 2411 2826 3490 Gambia 35 16 21 15 21 12 15 10 13 12 22 Ghana 1425 1724 1669 1635 1795 1720 1671 1716 1860 2370 2580 Guinea 516 702 709 685 693 636 666 731 709 609 700 Guinea-Bissau 33 24 28 48 27 51 62 63 54 69 81 Kenya 1587 1878 2067 2053 2008 1747 1734 1944 2116 2411 2693 Lesotho 143 160 187 196 194 172 220 280 373 480 726 Liberia 353 820 630 430 425 469 329 245 235 270 235 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 8954 8975 9903 9656 6659 7947 12697 10985 9851 14664 20844 Madagascar 450 507 509 516 538 584 824 928 486 856 990 Malawi 342 405 481 537 431 453 379 449 407 459 441 Mali 335 441 433 561 561 571 551 725 874 921 1123 Mauritania 410 499 491 406 350 373 358 348 321 335 410 Mauritius 1347 1538 1802 1592 1645 1554 1557 1628 1801 1898 2004 Morocco 5556 6881 6881 7032 7153 7367 7432 7144 7851 8777 9739 Mozambique 157 168 217 222 230 263 364 703 663 1045 1504 Namibia 1308 1409 1418 1338 1232 1234 1320 1179 1105 1262 1833 Niger 225 286 325 272 334 287 283 272 279 339 370 Nigeria 9415 12342 16153 15207 9855 13856 20975 17261 15107 19887 31148 Rwanda 41 54 60 88 60 60 52 86 65 63 99 Sao Tome and Principe 85455233576 Senegal 791 993 986 905 968 1027 920 1003 1067 1331 1529 Seychelles 51 52 140 113 122 145 194 216 228 278 290 Sierra Leone 115 42 47 17 7 6 13 29 49 92 139 Somalia 136 170 187 177 197 191 193 285 297 223 310 South Africa c 25308 27853 29221 31027 | 26362 26707 29983 29258 29723 36482 46029 Sudan 503 555 620 594 596 780 1807 1699 1949 2542 3778 Swaziland 781 866 856 962 973 937 910 1054 937 1563 1900 Tanzania 519 682 784 753 589 543 663 776 875 1218 1338 Togo 328 378 441 424 420 391 363 357 427 616 771 Tunisia 4657 5475 5516 5559 5738 5872 5850 6631 6874 8027 9685 Uganda 409 460 587 555 501 519 460 456 473 532 635 Zambia 927 1040 1037 915 1032 1063 666 985 930 945 1576 Zimbabwe 1884 2118 2406 2541 2111 1887 1925 1207 1398 1400 1520

Middle East 135900 150400 173400 180900 144500 186300 267600 238200 251200 301800 389700

Bahrain 3616 4112 4700 4384 3270 4363 6195 5577 5794 6364 7562 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 19434 18360 22391 18381 13118 21030 28345 23904 28237 33991 44446 Iraq 510 496 731 4600 5500 12800 20603 12872 12219 9711 17810 Israel 16884 19046 20610 22503 22993 25794 31404 29048 29347 31577 38520

Jordan 1424 1769 1816 1836 1802 1832 1899 2293 2770 3082 3950 Appendix tables Kuwait 11260 12785 14889 14224 9554 12164 19436 16203 15369 20678 28729 Lebanon 470 816 1020 643 662 677 715 870 1046 1524 1747 Oman 5545 6068 7346 7630 5508 7238 11319 11074 11172 11669 13342 Qatar 3213 3651 4447 5570 5030 7214 11594 10871 10978 13193 15510 Saudi Arabia 42614 50040 60729 60732 38822 50761 77583 68064 72561 93370 126230 Syrian Arab Republic 3047 3563 3999 3916 2890 3464 4634 5248 6230 5731 4930 United Arab Emirates 26922 27753 28085 34020 33835 36474 49835 48773 52163 67135 82750 Yemen 934 1945 2675 2504 1496 2440 4079 3374 3336 3734 4150

Asia a 1228300 1446800 1464900 1546600 1450000 1547100 1836300 1673300 1808100 2122200 2633900

Afghanistan 168 156 173 201 209 167 185 100 250 350 420 Australia 47528 53111 60301 62910 55893 56080 63870 63387 65033 71546 86423

199 Table A6 (continued) World merchandise exports by region and selected economy, 1994-04

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Bangladesh 2934 3501 4249 4832 5121 5497 6389 6080 6149 6990 8150 Bhutan 66 103 100 118 108 116 103 106 113 133 165 Brunei Darussalam 2210 2402 2481 2467 2058 2579 3877 3508 3566 4144 4607 Cambodia 490 855 644 736 800 1129 1389 1500 1923 2118 2798 China 121006 148780 151048 182792 183712 194931 249203 266098 325591 438228 593329 Fiji 572 619 748 622 512 609 585 537 549 680 678 Hong Kong, China 151465 173871 180914 188195 174864 174403 202683 191066 201928 228708 265543 domestic exports 28736 29946 27431 27306 24588 22381 23536 20273 18328 19591 19978 re-exports 122729 143925 153483 160889 150276 152022 179147 170793 183600 209117 245565 India 25022 30630 33105 35008 33437 35667 42379 43361 49250 57085 75595 Indonesia 40055 45417 49814 | 56298 50370 51243 65403 57361 59166 64107 72330 Japan 397005 443116 410901 420957 387927 417610 479249 403496 416726 471817 565807 Kiribati 57566945332 Korea, Republic of 96013 125058 129715 136164 132313 143686 172267 150439 162470 193817 253845 Lao People's Dem. Rep. 301 311 323 359 370 311 330 331 298 359 361 Macao, China 1866 1997 1996 2148 2141 2200 2539 2300 2356 2581 2812 Malaysia 58844 73914 78327 78740 73305 84455 98229 88005 94058 104968 126503 Maldives 75 85 80 90 96 91 109 110 132 152 172 Mongolia 356 473 424 452 462 454 536 521 524 616 880 Myanmar 798 860 754 874 1077 1136 1646 2381 3046 2483 2850 Nepal 362 345 385 406 474 602 804 737 568 662 756 New Caledonia 366 565 535 543 378 468 604 443 495 785 975 New Zealand 12185 13645 14360 14221 12070 12455 13272 13730 14380 16505 20373 Pakistan 7400 8029 9365 8758 8514 8424 9028 9238 9913 11930 13379 Papua New Guinea 2632 2654 2529 2163 1772 1875 2096 1805 1641 2212 2532 Philippines 13304 17502 20408 24882 29414 36576 39783 32664 36502 37026 39689 Samoa 4 9 10 15 15 20 14 15 14 15 11 Singapore 96825 118268 125014 124985 109895 114680 137804 121751 125177 144182 179615 domestic exports 58332 69557 73466 72401 63381 68682 78703 66172 66836 79774 98576 re-exports 38493 48711 51548 52584 46514 45998 59101 55579 58341 64408 81039 Solomon Islands 142 168 162 157 118 126 69 47 58 74 97 Sri Lanka 3208 3798 4095 4639 4809 4594 5430 4816 4699 5125 5757 Taipei, Chinese 94078 113047 117326 123384 112401 123532 151457 125865 135080 150600 182424 Thailand 45261 56439 55721 57374 54456 58440 69057 64968 68108 80333 97414 Tonga 14 14 11 10 8 13 9 7 15 18 15 Tuvalu 00000000000 Vanuatu 25 28 30 35 34 26 26 20 20 27 37 Viet Nam 4054 5449 7255 9185 9361 11540 14449 15029 16706 20176 25625

Memorandum items: World excluding a intra-EU (25) exports ...... 4103000 4804000 4533000 4719000 5426000 6642000 intra-EU (15) exports 3250000 3828000 4031000 4258000 4086000 4285000 5003000 4747000 4959000 5733000 ... Europe excluding intra-EU (25) exports ...... 911710 988380 1005040 1072140 1256745 1520660 intra-EU (15) exports 832900 1000405 1061265 1090090 1101800 1094120 1187280 1218660 1312380 1563510 ... Appendix tables a Includes significant re-exports. b Prior to 2004, European Union (25) individual country data do not add up to the reported aggregate due to Eurostat's use of different methodologies for Cyprus, Estonia and Lithuania. c Beginning with 1998, figures refer to South Africa only and no longer to the South African Customs Union. Note: Breaks in the continuity of the value series for particular countries and regional groupings are indicated by an 'I'. They result mainly from changes in the methods of collecting and reporting merchandise trade statistics. It should be noted that the World and Asia totals contain a significant element of double counting due to the use of the general system of recording merchandise trade statistics which includes re-exports. Recent figures for a number of countries and territories have been estimated by the Secretariat.

200 Table A7 World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1994-04

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

World a 4426000 5279000 5536000 5736000 5673000 5911000 6715000 6474000 6724000 7832000 9495000

North America 927990 1015760 1091500 1215425 1282060 1426495 1687580 1583440 1605140 1727465 2012750

Canada 155072 168426 175158 200873 206066 220183 244786 227291 227499 245021 279779 Mexico 83075 75858 93674 114846 130948 146084 182702 176185 176607 178503 206423 United States 689215 770852 822025 899020 944353 1059440 1259300 1179180 1200230 1303050 1525516

South and Central America 140700 176600 183100 214100 215100 186300 205800 203900 177900 187500 237300

Antigua and Barbuda 342 346 365 370 385 414 402 377 394 419 465 Argentina 21527 20122 23762 30450 31404 25508 25154 20320 8990 13834 22320 Bahamas 1056 1243 1366 1666 1873 1757 2074 1912 1728 1762 1815 Barbados 615 771 833 996 1010 1108 1156 1087 1039 1133 1308 Belize 259 257 255 286 295 370 524 517 525 552 514 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 9187 12649 9880 14606 15817 14064 16213 18323 12963 9256 14995 Bolivia 1209 1424 1635 1851 1983 1755 1830 1708 1770 1630 1842 Brazil 35997 53783 56947 64996 60600 51671 58631 58351 49599 50706 65921 Chile 11820 15900 19199 20822 19880 15988 18507 17429 17091 19381 24871 Colombia 11882 13853 13683 15378 14635 10659 11539 12834 12738 13892 16746 Costa Rica 3789 4036 4300 4924 6230 6320 6372 6569 7188 7663 8268 Cuba 2055 2825 3205 3987 4197 4365 4843 4839 4161 4624 5286 Dominica 96 117 129 124 136 141 148 131 116 126 144 Dominican Republic b 4903 5170 5727 6609 7597 8041 9479 8779 8838 7627 7845 Ecuador 3622 4152 3934 4954 5576 3017 3721 5363 6431 6535 7861 El Salvador 2547 3329 3223 3739 3962 4095 4947 5027 5184 5754 6269 Grenada 119 124 152 173 200 202 239 212 199 253 310 Guatemala 2781 3292 3146 3851 4651 4382 4791 5607 6078 6488 7808 Guyana 506 527 597 630 540 480 573 584 563 557 636 Haiti 251 653 665 648 797 1025 1036 1013 1130 1188 1306 Honduras 1056 1642 1839 2149 2535 2676 2855 2942 2981 3276 3916 Jamaica 2224 2818 2965 3132 3035 2899 3326 3360 3533 3642 3772 Netherlands Antilles 1758 1841 2519 2083 2062 1745 2862 2826 2268 2606 2840 Nicaragua 867 975 1154 1450 1492 1862 1805 1775 1754 1879 2212 Panama 2404 2510 2779 3002 3398 3516 3379 2964 2982 3086 3530 Paraguay 2370 3144 3204 3403 2897 1906 2193 2182 | 1672 1865 2652 Peru 5626 7584 7947 8588 8220 7404 7415 7316 7493 8414 10101 Saint Kitts and Nevis 128 133 149 147 149 153 196 189 201 205 200 Saint Lucia 303 307 313 332 328 355 355 355 309 403 415 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 130 135 131 188 193 201 163 186 174 200 228 Suriname 423 585 501 658 552 486 526 461 492 704 800 Trinidad and Tobago 1134 1714 2144 2990 2999 2741 3308 3569 3643 3892 4894 Uruguay 2786 2867 3323 3727 3811 3357 3466 3061 1964 2190 3114

Europe 1911445 2332890 2415255 2418540 2558875 2595890 2774685 2732815 2872715 3457195 4139870

Albania 680 800 940 640 830 1140 1091 1331 1504 1864 2268 Austria 55233 66237 68505 65739 69504 71319 72395 74633 78299 99532 117765 Belgium - - - - - 164807 177514 178664 198311 234800 285450

Belgium-Luxembourg 133127 164934 167914 161930 168995 ------Appendix tables Bosnia and Herzegovina 894 1082 1882 2333 2610 3305 3107 3354 3875 4799 5907 Bulgaria 4585 5660 5075 4930 4949 5453 6505 7263 7987 10902 14424 Croatia 5229 7510 7788 9104 8384 7799 7887 9147 10714 14209 16583 Cyprus 3017 3690 3979 3655 3685 3618 3846 3923 4086 4466 5502 Czech Republic b 17310 25085 27800 27105 28340 28151 32174 36297 40656 51728 69510 Denmark 36691 45939 45291 44902 46873 45753 45558 45322 50320 57429 68191 Estonia 1654 2546 3224 4437 4787 4109 5052 5230 5863 7930 | 8728 Finland 23275 29470 31422 31611 32960 32114 34443 32639 34218 42513 50824 France 246001 289391 | 294560 285027 307771 315743 338944 328608 329262 398840 465454 FYR Macedonia 1484 1719 1627 1779 1915 1796 2085 1694 1995 2300 2875

201 Table A7 (continued) World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1994-04

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Germany 381388 463872 459098 445731 471474 474038 497204 486119 490283 604612 716926 Greece 21507 25898 28238 26919 30293 30528 33480 28419 31266 44875 52577 Hungary 14555 15465 | 18145 21235 25705 28008 31955 33617 37755 47808 59332 Iceland 1472 1756 2031 1992 2489 2503 2591 2253 2275 2789 3553 Ireland 25612 32340 34320 37748 43191 46768 51042 50556 52399 53886 60651 Italy 169166 205990 208263 210132 218465 220633 238760 236220 247015 297519 351034 Latvia 1240 1815 2320 2720 3190 2945 3184 3506 4046 5234 7005 Lithuania 2350 | 3650 4560 5645 5795 4835 5457 6353 7838 9843 | 12283 Luxembourg - - - - - 11218 11278 12331 12651 16165 19815 Malta 2447 2890 2801 2552 2668 2846 3399 2531 2646 3227 3670 Netherlands 150337 185232 190923 190731 195639 206158 218270 208638 219265 264704 319330 Norway 27307 32968 35615 35708 37478 34173 34392 32955 34890 39486 48082 Poland 22680 29050 37135 42310 | 47055 45903 48940 50184 55299 68272 89174 Portugal 27061 32610 35202 35055 38435 39973 39953 39490 40156 47200 54914 Romania 7109 10278 11435 11280 11821 10392 13055 15561 17862 24003 32664 Serbia and Montenegro 750 900 4102 4799 4849 3296 3711 4837 6320 7952 11752 Slovak Republic b 6610 8770 11125 | 11725 13078 11337 12821 14760 16564 22523 29471 Slovenia 7304 9492 9423 9357 10110 9952 10116 10160 10944 13845 17197 Spain 88863 113537 121221 115670 136662 135343 156145 154650 165105 208602 249308 Sweden 55458 65036 66930 65596 68403 68579 72881 63200 66955 83540 99324 Switzerland 67997 80152 78224 75960 80094 79857 82521 84102 83672 96448 111603 Turkey 23270 35709 43627 48559 45921 40671 54503 41399 51554 69340 97540 United Kingdom 234076 267250 287332 307518 321231 324893 343781 333003 346317 391964 463467

European Union (25) ...... 2403135 2560175 2525815 2647035 3179370 3790985 extra-EU (25) imports ...... 795725 919885 881045 890950 1064250 1280550 European Union (15) 1690635 2050935 2101330 2089635 2212010 2262500 2404870 2361115 2463105 2946560 ... extra-EU (15) imports 611805 713195 737745 762720 796575 831120 954495 921065 935430 1123085 ...

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 75120 93955 108965 114970 | 95830 70585 81495 94365 103960 132265 171915

Armenia 394 674 856 892 902 800 882 874 991 1269 1318 Azerbaijan 895 805 1210 1360 1650 1036 1172 1431 1666 2626 3516 Belarus 3066 5564 6939 8689 8549 6674 8646 8286 9092 11558 16346 Georgia 340 390 685 940 885 602 651 679 793 1141 1847 Kazakhstan 3561 3807 4241 4301 4314 3655 5040 6446 6584 8409 12781 Kyrgyz Republic 316 522 838 709 842 600 554 467 587 717 941 Moldova 660 840 1070 1170 1018 585 777 892 1038 1399 1774 Russian Federation c 50520 60945 68830 73615 | 58015 39537 44659 53764 60966 76070 96307 Tajikistan 545 810 670 750 710 663 675 688 721 881 1375 Turkmenistan 1470 1365 1315 1230 980 1478 1786 2250 2120 2512 3320 Ukraine 10748 | 15484 17603 17128 14676 11846 13956 15775 16977 23021 28996 Uzbekistan 2605 2750 4710 4185 3290 3110 2697 2814 2425 2662 3392

Africa 106600 127000 125700 132800 | 133000 128700 130000 134600 136800 166600 211800

Algeria 9370 10250 8840 8688 9403 9162 9152 9949 12364 13533 18199 Angola b 1454 1468 2040 2597 2079 3109 3040 3179 3760 5480 6500 Benin 431 746 654 681 736 749 613 | 553 679 744 865 Botswana 1640 1911 1723 2258 2251 2198 2081 1809 1927 2500 3340 Appendix tables Burkina Faso 349 455 647 587 732 678 611 656 739 925 1155 Burundi 224 234 127 121 158 118 148 139 129 157 176 Cameroon 1083 1199 1227 1359 1495 1318 1489 1852 1866 2021 2100 Cape Verde 209 252 234 235 228 246 230 234 275 350 386 Central African Republic 139 175 141 141 146 131 117 107 120 131 150 Chad 177 365 332 334 356 316 317 679 1646 1015 770 Comoros 53 63 57 55 47 79 71 75 90 120 115 Congo 631 670 1551 926 680 821 715 1070 1060 1300 1720 Congo, Dem. Rep. of 667 1046 1403 1133 1230 1108 1035 807 1093 1404 1873 Côte d'Ivoire 1917 2931 2902 2781 2991 3252 2785 | 2418 2456 3320 3783 Djibouti b 196 177 172 176 196 194 207 196 197 238 275 Egypt 10219 11760 13038 13211 16166 16022 14010 12756 12552 10893 12831

202 Table A7 (continued) World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1994-04

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Equatorial Guinea 37 121 292 358 317 425 451 711 506 1225 1410 Eritrea 489 454 553 525 508 510 471 423 538 590 650 Ethiopia 1033 1145 1401 1113 1517 1538 1262 1815 1666 2143 3080 Gabon 756 882 957 1104 1103 841 994 859 954 1036 1280 Gambia 212 182 258 278 228 192 187 134 148 185 200 Ghana 2108 1906 2108 2326 2563 3480 2973 3154 2720 3250 4320 Guinea 706 819 648 620 537 556 612 601 667 640 690 Guinea-Bissau 164 133 87 89 63 51 59 | 62 58 69 86 Kenya 2091 2991 2949 3279 3197 2832 3105 3192 3245 3725 4553 Lesotho 879 1107 1126 1140 941 866 809 743 808 1113 1400 Liberia 405 510 555 610 470 520 668 620 610 680 900 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 5548 5392 5873 6123 5466 4158 3732 4397 4396 4330 5650 Madagascar b 546 628 629 694 693 742 997 955 603 1109 1230 Malawi 497 475 624 781 515 673 532 563 695 702 792 Mali 589 772 772 739 761 824 806 990 869 1135 1320 Mauritania 362 494 463 438 359 305 312 374 356 360 400 Mauritius 1930 1976 2289 2189 2073 2247 2093 1987 2159 2363 2778 Morocco 8272 10023 9704 9525 10290 9925 11534 11038 11879 14231 17625 Mozambique 1019 704 759 739 790 1139 1158 1063 1263 1753 1970 Namibia 1412 1616 1670 1753 1648 1610 1550 1547 1480 1990 2435 Niger 328 373 448 391 471 394 393 370 400 490 560 Nigeria 6613 8222 6438 9501 9211 8588 8721 11586 7547 10853 14164 Rwanda 236 236 258 297 285 253 211 281 248 259 285 Sao Tome and Principe 30 29 22 16 17 38 30 28 31 42 45 Senegal 1022 1412 1436 1335 1455 1564 1519 1730 2031 2392 2710 Seychelles 206 233 379 340 384 434 342 476 420 430 465 Sierra Leone 150 133 211 93 95 81 149 182 264 303 286 Somalia 269 268 295 313 280 340 343 449 454 517 610 South Africa d 23363 30546 30182 32998 | 29242 26696 29695 28248 29267 41084 57100 Sudan 1227 1218 1547 1580 1925 1415 1553 1958 2446 2882 4075 Swaziland 927 1008 1062 1066 1083 1068 1046 1129 983 1570 2000 Tanzania 1504 1675 1388 1337 1453 1556 1524 1712 1687 2189 2490 Togo 222 | 594 664 645 588 597 562 553 591 865 1050 Tunisia 6580 7902 7700 7914 8350 8474 8567 9529 9526 10910 12738 Uganda 875 1056 1191 1316 1416 1342 1536 1594 1136 1292 1491 Zambia 594 700 835 819 1100 822 993 1307 1253 1549 2143 Zimbabwe 2241 2660 2803 3092 2701 2126 1863 1715 1923 2250 2550

Middle East 117100 129600 138600 145900 141000 140000 159400 168600 175300 198100 251700

Bahrain 3747 3716 4273 4026 3566 3698 4633 4306 5013 5116 6345 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 13774 13882 16274 14196 14323 12683 14347 17627 22275 26158 34705 Iraq 620 665 950 4000 4400 6900 13384 13120 9817 9934 21302 Israel 25237 29578 31620 30781 29342 33166 37686 35449 35517 36282 42864 Jordan 3381 3697 4293 4102 3828 3717 4597 4871 5076 5743 8128 Kuwait 6697 7790 8373 8246 8619 7617 7157 7869 9001 10987 12005 Lebanon 5933 7278 7575 7464 7070 6207 6230 7293 6447 7171 9397 Oman 3914 4247 4578 5026 5682 4674 5040 5798 6005 6572 8865

Qatar 1927 3398 2868 3322 3409 2500 3252 3758 4052 4897 5420 Appendix tables Saudi Arabia 23338 28091 27744 28732 30013 28011 30238 31223 32312 36964 44576 Syrian Arab Republic 5467 4709 5380 4028 3895 3832 3815 4752 4278 5111 6287 United Arab Emirates 21024 20984 22638 29951 24728 24972 26717 30075 32536 39454 47640 Yemen 2087 1582 2038 2014 2167 2008 2324 2466 2921 3675 4190

Asia a 1147200 1403300 1473300 1494300 1246700 1363400 1676400 1556200 1652500 1962500 2469800

Afghanistan 375 368 500 436 373 411 550 1000 1500 2300 2300 Australia 53425 61283 65427 65892 64630 69158 71529 63888 72690 89084 109376 Bangladesh 4602 6694 7032 7263 7495 8331 8883 9018 8592 10427 12026 Bhutan 92 112 128 137 134 182 175 191 197 249 400

203 Table A7 (continued) World merchandise imports by region and selected economy, 1994-04

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Brunei Darussalam 1854 2091 2494 2203 1552 1342 1098 1100 1499 1244 1390 Cambodia b 744 1187 1072 1064 1166 1591 1939 2094 2314 2596 3170 China 115615 132084 138833 142370 140237 165699 225094 243553 295171 412760 561230 Fiji 842 892 987 965 722 903 830 794 898 1170 1274 Hong Kong, China 165878 196072 201284 213297 186759 180711 214042 202008 207969 233249 272893 retained imports 43149 52147 47801 52408 36483 28689 34895 31215 24369 24132 27328 India 26843 34707 37942 41432 42980 46979 51523 50392 56517 71238 97339 Indonesia 31983 40630 42929 | 51304 35280 33321 43595 37534 38310 42243 54895 Japan 275235 335882 349152 338754 280484 309995 379511 349089 337194 382930 454543 Kiribati 26 35 38 39 33 41 40 41 43 40 48 Korea, Republic of 102348 135119 150339 144616 93282 119752 160481 141098 152126 178827 224463 Lao People's Dem. Rep. 564 589 690 706 553 525 535 528 431 482 506 Macao, China 2001 2042 2000 2082 1955 2040 2255 2386 2530 2755 3478 Malaysia 59600 77691 78418 79030 58319 64966 81963 73866 79869 83618 105287 Maldives 222 268 302 349 354 402 389 393 392 471 645 Mongolia 258 415 451 468 503 513 615 638 691 801 990 Myanmar 886 1348 1371 2056 2695 2323 2401 2877 2348 2091 2220 Nepal 1155 1333 1398 1693 1246 1422 1573 1473 1419 1754 1870 New Caledonia 876 957 995 929 929 1006 924 931 1008 1541 1636 New Zealand 11913 13957 14724 14519 12495 14299 13906 13308 15047 18565 23201 Pakistan 8931 11515 12189 11650 9330 10207 10864 10191 11233 13038 17949 Papua New Guinea 1522 1452 1741 1711 1240 1188 1151 1071 1137 1297 1680 Philippines 22641 28341 34126 38622 31496 32568 37027 34921 37180 39502 42345 Samoa 81 95 100 97 97 115 106 130 135 137 168 Singapore 102670 124507 131338 132437 101732 111060 134545 116000 116441 127934 163854 retained imports 64177 75796 79790 79853 55218 65062 75444 60421 58100 63526 82815 Solomon Islands 139 154 151 158 128 110 92 90 67 82 100 Sri Lanka 4767 5306 5442 5864 5905 5961 7177 5973 6105 6672 7973 Taipei, Chinese 85484 103558 102525 114138 104722 110828 139909 107083 112616 127366 168444 Thailand 54459 70786 72332 62854 42971 50342 61924 61962 64645 75805 95353 Tonga 69 77 75 73 69 73 70 73 89 93 100 Tuvalu 898610854111618 Vanuatu 89 95 98 94 88 96 89 102 89 105 128 Viet Nam 5826 8155 11144 11592 11500 11742 15638 16218 19746 25227 31091

Memorandum items: World excluding a intra-EU (25) imports ...... 4304000 5075000 4829000 4968000 5717000 6985000 intra-EU (15) imports 3347000 3941000 4173000 4409000 4257000 4480000 5265000 5034000 5197000 6008000 ... Europe excluding intra-EU (25) imports ...... 988485 1134395 1088045 1116630 1342070 1629435 intra-EU (15) imports 832615 995150 1051670 1091625 1143445 1164515 1324305 1292770 1345040 1633715 ...

a Includes significant imports for re-export. b Imports are valued f.o.b. c Beginning with 1998, imports are valued f.o.b. d Beginning with 1998, figures refer to South Africa only and no longer to the South African Customs Union. Note: Breaks in the continuity of the value series for particular countries and regional groupings are indicated by an 'I'. They result mainly from changes in the methods of collecting and reporting merchandise trade statistics. Appendix tables It should be noted that the World and Asia totals contain a significant element of double counting due to the use of the general system of recording merchandise trade statistics which includes imports for re-exports. Recent figures for a number of countries and territories have been estimated by the Secretariat.

204 Table A8 World exports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1994-04

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

World 1031100 1182200 1267900 1318200 1346300 1397000 1485100 1488700 1588100 1804700 2127500

North America 214600 233500 255800 274800 283400 306400 331300 319200 327200 342100 379000

Canada 23210 25425 28601 30724 33040 35229 39271 38280 39832 41945 46754 Mexico 10075 9585 10516 10997 11534 11606 13567 12550 12474 12477 13931 United States 181277 198501 216653 233049 238846 259608 278468 268417 274852 287695 318297

South and Central America 31100 34600 35600 38500 41800 42900 47100 46200 44700 48900 55800

Antigua and Barbuda 391 348 363 402 424 430 408 395 388 416 ... Argentina 3213 3667 4188 4382 4603 4455 4648 4364 3111 3967 4851 Aruba 605 626 751 799 877 972 994 980 979 1022 1211 Bahamas 1490 1523 1558 1573 1517 1789 2009 1832 1955 1954 2056 Barbados 785 844 901 933 995 997 1055 1032 1003 1124 ... Belize 109 117 125 124 122 141 152 151 169 197 226 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 1454 1529 1448 1189 1286 1207 1057 1242 913 791 1008 Bolivia 177 174 167 232 235 243 207 221 242 283 311 Brazil 4817 6005 4453 5488 7083 6873 8961 8718 8790 9570 11473 Chile 2764 3249 3495 3799 3859 3780 3995 4071 4315 4870 5872 Colombia 1522 1641 2133 2096 1892 1877 1984 2123 1799 1831 2064 Costa Rica 1163 957 1042 1116 1329 1643 1911 1875 1842 1996 2197 Cuba 1160 1528 1929 2151 2592 2855 3114 2954 2836 3200 ... Dominica 51 61 67 80 84 97 87 74 78 80 ... Dominican Republic 1737 1894 2078 2373 2421 2767 3143 3024 2982 3368 3429 Ecuador 640 687 640 639 631 681 793 799 859 830 885 El Salvador 338 342 318 460 576 620 673 680 750 811 921 Grenada 100 98 105 105 116 141 146 129 130 137 ... Guatemala 659 628 533 542 581 653 702 948 1053 954 1063 Guyana 117 130 146 148 142 147 169 172 172 186 ... Haiti 7 98 104 172 163 173 158 123 132 116 111 Honduras 207 221 277 328 332 427 429 432 473 538 593 Jamaica 1452 1568 1574 1672 1743 1949 1988 1867 1881 2097 2182 Netherlands Antilles 1382 1465 1378 1391 1495 1506 1592 1603 1577 1653 1801 Nicaragua 80 94 101 126 153 181 187 188 192 213 243 Panama 1172 1298 1390 1515 1757 1747 1961 1958 2241 2520 2690 Paraguay 411 566 581 634 606 554 596 525 531 558 555 Peru 951 1042 1323 1457 1674 1488 1495 1398 1428 1560 1725 Saint Kitts and Nevis 92 80 87 93 98 98 95 95 86 103 ... Saint Lucia 237 264 266 287 318 305 320 282 257 326 ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 61 72 96 98 106 124 124 130 135 130 ... Suriname 70 101 96 85 67 73 85 56 35 52 ... Trinidad and Tobago 317 331 447 535 574 592 543 563 598 ...... Uruguay 1324 1309 1388 1413 1309 1235 1249 1099 727 751 960

Europe 517500 596900 627800 640300 687400 699700 722000 742100 807600 960300 1125800

Albania 79 94 123 52 83 253 429 495 552 695 970 Austria 27494 31692 33425 29214 29225 30865 31060 33001 34835 42352 48256 Belgium ------36153 43107 49283 Belgium-Luxembourg 35392 33619 33064 34097 36688 44073 48556 48970 - - - Bosnia and Herzegovina ...... 449 450 433 480 508 680 825 Bulgaria 1257 1431 1366 1307 1766 1760 2129 2081 2324 3123 4083 Croatia 2660 2223 3193 3984 3949 3708 4056 4883 5581 8634 9615 Cyprus 2398 I 3102 3047 3022 3297 3655 3798 4067 4218 4850 5799 Czech Republic 5120 6638 8071 7033 7518 6928 6751 7034 7024 7754 9654 Denmark 13578 15171 16341 14044 15212 19982 23721 25134 26667 31672 36346

Estonia 508 868 1099 1314 1476 1486 1495 1640 1705 2199 2786 Appendix tables Faeroe Islands ...... 51 56 54 57 71 78 ... Finland 5415 7334 7060 6569 6632 6457 6118 5775 6399 7807 8908 France 74688 83108 82585 79914 84164 81439 80330 81775 85297 97968 109453 FYR Macedonia ...... 151 127 148 249 290 198 220 306 384 Germany 58472 73575 77633 77525 79957 80170 79659 84272 96649 116032 133857 Greece 9142 9528 9262 9224 I 10068 I 16464 19181 19384 20125 24204 33180 Hungary 3046 5086 5806 5744 5361 5171 5836 6949 7336 8613 10050 Iceland 531 588 653 725 847 826 936 1004 1038 1280 1525 Ireland 4145 4799 5562 6046 I 16504 15526 18326 23267 28369 37732 46875 Italy 53170 61173 64913 66409 66621 58018 55998 57098 59562 70052 82018 Latvia 651 718 1121 1027 1103 1020 1153 1164 1226 1496 1760 Lithuania 322 482 786 1020 1096 1083 1052 1147 1451 1864 2470 Luxembourg ------19970 24673 33065 Malta 975 1026 1051 1089 1157 1200 1088 1086 1119 1239 1375 Netherlands 40486 44646 46219 47727 48570 48021 48360 50087 54573 63074 72965 Norway 11915 13458 14600 15503 15379 15702 17134 17468 18517 21465 25893

205 Table A8 (continued) World exports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1994-04

(Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Poland 6655 10637 9700 8898 10810 8331 10395 9745 10030 11170 13330 Portugal 6701 8161 7964 7922 8735 8565 8369 8720 9552 11387 13776 Romania 1023 1476 1552 1499 1201 1340 1720 2007 2326 3000 3584 Serbia and Montenegro ...... 688 818 914 471 624 740 829 1130 1678 Slovak Republic 2221 2378 2060 2151 2275 1886 2218 2463 2787 3270 3701 Slovenia 1805 2016 2129 2035 2022 1872 1882 1956 2311 2787 3462 Spain 33465 39760 43985 43828 48977 53069 53199 57843 62034 76252 84464 Sweden 13383 15336 16669 17505 17675 19691 20014 21758 23757 30337 37842 Switzerland 22018 25179 25476 24589 25893 27443 27741 26120 29021 33229 36828 Turkey 10723 14475 13274 19730 23719 16671 20177 15913 14724 18989 23804 United Kingdom 67547 76536 86736 98230 107902 115755 117751 116293 128758 145767 171799

European Union (25) 466800 537400 566300 571600 613000 630700 646300 670600 731900 867700 1016500 Extra-EU (25) exports a ...... 366700 427100

European Union (15) 443100 504400 531400 538300 576900 598100 610600 633400 692700 822400 962100 Extra-EU (15) exports a 193400 221400 239300 252800 265400 270300 276500 285600 307400 363900 431800

Commonwealth of Independent States (CEI) ...... 22300 19800 16100 17200 19500 23300 27100 33400

Armenia 12 27 75 97 118 129 130 179 176 199 232 Azerbaijan ... 166 139 332 320 237 234 256 321 392 454 Belarus 251 466 907 919 919 745 989 1124 1317 1477 1729 Georgia ...... 188 354 217 206 299 354 403 492 Kazakhstan ... 535 674 842 904 933 906 1093 1363 1528 1809 Kyrgyz Republic 33 39 32 40 58 60 57 73 120 134 202 Moldova 33 143 103 163 148 126 155 160 207 235 310 Russian Federation 8425 10568 13283 14079 12375 9071 9565 11215 13451 16088 20164 Ukraine 2747 2846 4799 4937 3922 3869 3800 3897 4583 5013 6041

Africa 22500 25700 28000 28200 28000 30400 30500 30700 32000 39700 47600

Algeria 585 793 763 753 973 1010 927 884 1191 1287 ... Angola 150 113 226 139 122 153 267 203 207 ...... Benin 114 160 123 102 127 155 126 133 140 159 ... Botswana 175 236 145 187 240 305 306 326 439 591 678 Burundi 6453322242... Cameroon 309 242 ...... 365 419 524 ... Cape Verde 39 58 65 79 75 95 101 120 144 211 268 Central African Republic ... 15 13 12 9 139966... Congo 49 62 60 86 112 139 130 137 158 137 ... Côte d'Ivoire 419 426 473 502 533 508 415 510 513 601 ... Djibouti 33 28 31 31 61 65 69 74 79 87 ... Egypt 7693 8262 9079 9096 7832 9276 9687 8815 9127 10837 14048 Eritrea 90 49 105 159 77 44 54 113 118 ...... Ethiopia 266 310 321 318 308 392 387 391 450 588 ... Gabon 200 191 205 205 194 249 171 143 154 181 ... Gambia 76 38 88 97 83 78 62 57 56 61 ... Ghana 136 139 144 152 427 454 490 515 539 612 684 Guinea 14 17 63 70 66 36 27 72 43 55 31 Kenya 815 851 789 716 631 721 727 793 737 832 ... Lesotho 30 30 34 79 46 37 36 35 31 ...... Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 23 20 17 17 31 50 119 134 275 329 ... Madagascar 183 219 254 243 264 290 314 274 158 202 ... Malawi 26 24 37 39 32 49 34 44 49 36 ... Mali 51 68 72 69 71 94 92 140 150 208 ... Mauritania 17 19 24 25 24 25 30 36 46 ......

Appendix tables Mauritius 629 773 955 889 911 1030 1066 1218 1146 1274 1449 Morocco 1877 2020 2433 2203 2558 2803 2854 3787 4098 5126 6422 Mozambique 191 242 253 279 286 295 325 249 336 300 246 Namibia 245 301 325 367 315 311 174 248 I 275 404 463 Nigeria 371 608 733 786 884 980 1130 1110 1203 1505 1446 Rwanda ... 11 13 34 32 36 41 45 48 54 ... Senegal 309 364 315 329 366 351 330 345 389 489 ... Seychelles 238 261 223 245 237 261 281 282 290 304 300 Sierra Leone 86 71 46 20 13 18 39 47 38 66 ... South Africa 3557 4414 4848 5210 5213 5041 4888 4533 4576 7328 8066 Sudan 44 82 37 30 14 82 I 24 14 130 31 35 Swaziland 110 150 98 90 87 68 211 119 113 ...... Tanzania 411 566 602 470 534 576 575 618 609 627 785 Togo 52 64 102 78 65 54 46 53 72 92 ... Tunisia 2174 2401 2527 2518 2607 2769 2680 2829 2603 2842 3520 Uganda 64 104 145 165 176 188 205 214 224 284 435 Zambia ...... 112 102 107 114 144 136 165 232 Zimbabwe 354 467 575 622 595 585 311 228 196 189 ...

206 Table A8 (continued) World exports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1994-04 (Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Middle East ...... 21400 23500 25700 29100 27700 27200 30600 35500

Bahrain 819 683 666 637 725 859 934 950 1068 1260 1558 Iran, Islamic Rep. of 410 533 743 1018 1380 977 1357 ...... Israel 6549 7741 7962 8659 9414 11451 14457 11743 10955 12227 14179 Jordan 1543 1689 1830 1717 1810 1689 1599 1391 1473 1462 1499 Kuwait 1189 1143 1263 1507 1496 1298 1571 1399 1372 1765 2067 Oman 13 13 237 269 388 413 438 351 418 457 580 Saudi Arabia 3342 3476 2769 4251 4723 5373 4779 5008 5177 5713 5858 Syrian Arab Republic 1616 1632 1540 1344 1422 1415 1480 1566 1347 1181 2222 Yemen 104 141 147 168 133 141 174 130 130 245 246

Asia 216200 257900 281500 292700 262400 275700 307800 303300 326100 356000 450400

Australia 13767 15741 18106 18058 15830 17051 18197 16295 17447 20629 24774 Bangladesh 419 469 223 267 252 266 283 243 305 398 421 Bhutan 20 15 10 16 15 18 16 31 29 25 29 Cambodia 45 103 152 150 173 289 423 517 597 518 ... China 16354 18430 20567 24504 23879 26165 30146 32901 39381 46375 62056 Fiji 489 524 566 616 472 505 457 433 518 732 ... Hong Kong, China 31142 34338 38295 38514 33186 34169 38668 39370 42946 45570 53578 India 6031 6763 7179 8926 11067 14006 16030 16799 19125 23092 I 39638 Indonesia 4680 5342 6462 6792 4340 4452 5061 5362 6519 5143 ... Japan b 56776 I 68803 72496 74631 67410 65460 73362 68630 70155 75933 94933 Korea, Republic of 16233 22133 22648 25439 24828 25766 29746 28103 27345 31502 40047 Lao People's Dem. Rep. 56 68 79 78 116 101 134 127 137 110 ... Macao, China 2723 3154 3252 3163 2845 2710 3280 3768 4467 5246 7579 Malaysia 9200 11438 14966 15569 11400 11800 13812 14331 14753 13459 16655 Maldives 195 230 286 309 329 340 345 351 360 429 511 Mongolia 35 47 43 50 75 73 74 109 179 200 ... Myanmar 258 353 421 513 618 496 459 388 357 277 ... Nepal 527 592 680 795 433 454 410 303 192 302 ... New Zealand 3599 4400 4575 4180 3700 4326 4363 4318 5094 6370 7830 Pakistan 1444 1432 1546 1446 1303 1264 1284 1302 1496 1476 1697 Papua New Guinea 235 321 432 397 318 248 243 285 ...... Philippines ...... 3935 3112 3028 3299 4101 Samoa 40 53 62 59 58 47 47 ...... Singapore 22939 27739 29097 27988 23476 26285 29307 29005 29894 30622 36542 Solomon Islands 42 35 47 64 52 51 49 28 16 25 31 Sri Lanka 729 800 741 850 892 940 915 1334 1247 1386 1503 Taipei, Chinese 13115 14927 16154 17021 16660 17037 19890 19760 21501 23028 25531 Thailand 11425 14652 16704 15619 13074 14542 13785 12932 15304 15694 18932 Tonga 14 23 30 31 23 20 14 18 18 24 22 Vanuatu 70 75 85 81 108 106 118 112 78 92 111 Viet Nam 1283 2147 2243 2530 2616 2493 2702 2810 2948 3272 ...

Memorandum items:

World excluding intra-EU (25) exports a ...... 1303700 1538100 intra-EU (15) exports a 781400 899100 975800 1032800 1034800 1069200 1151000 1141000 1202800 1346200 1597200

Europe excluding intra-EU (25) exports a ...... 459300 536400 intra-EU (15) exports a 267800 313800 335700 354900 375900 371900 387900 394400 422300 501800 595500 a See the Technical Notes for estimation of intra and extra-EU trade.

b Secretariat estimates for exports from 1995 to 2002 are based on the new methodology applied by the Bank of Japan. See the Technical Notes Appendix tables Note: Due to frequent revisions to the services data, there are numerous breaks in the continuity of the data series at the country and regional levels. See the Technical Notes

207 Table A9 World imports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1994-04 (Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

World 1041800 1198000 1265500 1301600 1330600 1383900 1473600 1487900 1569000 1784100 2094500

North America 165100 171100 184600 201700 217000 238200 269400 266000 272900 296100 335100

Canada 32088 32985 35422 37528 37671 40060 43597 43340 44567 50016 55856 Mexico 12391 9021 9994 11830 12569 14061 16718 16521 17031 17571 19250 United States 120654 129108 139186 152369 166734 184035 209049 206131 211272 228535 259999

South and Central America 39600 45300 46000 50600 53200 50400 54700 54800 48600 50600 57600

Antigua and Barbuda 128 140 153 160 166 171 145 162 167 178 ... Argentina 6883 6964 7560 8659 9026 8537 8871 8205 4559 5265 6427 Aruba 198 207 483 557 528 685 617 591 575 683 755 Bahamas 593 605 669 790 939 904 950 892 914 995 1143 Barbados 299 347 365 389 409 433 460 471 466 492 ... Belize 86 88 88 87 94 100 114 113 122 130 138 Bolivarian Rep. of Venezuela 4525 4654 4625 3780 3842 3982 4236 4509 3837 3261 4271 Bolivia 314 321 337 401 423 436 451 382 417 461 506 Brazil 9836 13161 12200 14447 15743 13357 15574 15825 13496 14350 16066 Chile 2869 3524 3484 3902 4261 4474 4664 4848 4953 5437 6401 Colombia 2581 2825 3325 3596 3354 3082 3242 3536 3234 3270 3795 Costa Rica 846 895 1019 975 1099 1185 1262 1156 1169 1175 1256 Cuba 497 683 556 632 660 692 808 640 625 650 ... Dominica 33 40 43 49 48 54 48 47 50 40 ... Dominican Republic 911 957 1100 1160 1300 1224 1340 1249 1271 1178 1156 Ecuador 1072 1141 1071 1198 1208 1141 1225 1395 1590 1540 1667 El Salvador 409 488 481 615 723 800 912 938 1007 1018 1056 Grenada 39 37 44 54 64 76 83 78 84 79 ... Guatemala 602 672 638 627 759 760 786 891 1018 1086 1247 Guyana 157 168 169 171 174 178 193 192 196 205 ... Haiti 64 236 241 321 204 222 252 234 240 244 304 Honduras 304 326 326 359 437 491 584 613 606 662 736 Jamaica 923 1073 1118 1196 1258 1286 1391 1480 1552 1527 1611 Netherlands Antilles 665 563 624 575 611 662 730 764 764 801 835 Nicaragua 159 207 239 227 253 319 327 336 316 349 385 Panama 1030 1049 1001 1247 1211 1102 1096 1053 1256 1244 1382 Paraguay 569 676 624 630 549 463 406 362 316 316 316 Peru 1455 1781 1989 2232 2299 2149 2215 2266 2408 2484 2672 Saint Kitts and Nevis 43 51 58 61 58 81 72 71 74 76 ... Saint Lucia 98 118 113 114 121 128 117 108 119 132 ... Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 49 53 55 72 74 62 56 56 57 62 ... Suriname 99 146 144 174 174 136 177 164 152 188 ... Trinidad and Tobago 424 223 199 232 235 253 363 339 340 ...... Uruguay 821 814 795 840 831 760 842 768 575 582 634

Europe 483300 559000 583300 585900 640200 658400 672700 694800 750100 890000 1025000

Albania 128 98 134 93 119 152 413 422 561 734 965 Austria 20594 27552 29195 28431 27271 29306 29573 31373 34914 41298 47055 Belgium ------35245 42221 48254 Belgium-Luxembourg 33550 32511 31419 31437 34095 38815 41444 42856 - - - Bosnia and Herzegovina ...... 262 277 271 271 309 393 438 Bulgaria 1246 1278 1246 1157 1398 1473 1660 1705 1869 2541 3225 Croatia 1190 1327 1661 2238 1850 2055 1783 1918 2378 2950 3577 Cyprus 847 1294 1389 1374 1476 1537 1563 1592 1657 2130 2563 Czech Republic 4685 4860 6198 5305 5690 5772 5364 5487 6372 7240 9120

Appendix tables Denmark 11997 13945 14642 13727 15779 18402 21063 22121 24305 28254 33385 Estonia 331 420 525 649 814 829 868 976 1077 1358 1707 Faeroe Islands ...... 90 95 97 105 131 146 ... Finland 7094 9418 8612 8039 7643 7491 8323 7994 7900 9925 11750 France 56177 64523 65617 62597 66432 62478 59936 61781 68127 81783 96400 FYR Macedonia ...... 300 266 202 223 260 253 267 323 444 Germany 110320 130631 132600 128253 133673 139385 135810 140593 143428 170388 192984 Greece 3420 4003 3830 4196 4976 8831 10918 11189 10306 10731 13400 Hungary 2875 3766 3919 3988 4139 4283 4708 5470 6749 8987 9987 Iceland 567 630 729 790 948 1012 1149 1058 1105 1479 1814 Ireland 8404 11252 13416 15158 29459 26475 31212 35281 41899 52237 58440 Italy 48075 54613 57030 58944 62887 56240 54632 56087 61110 73318 80609 Latvia 211 225 703 637 717 628 687 663 697 926 1166 Lithuania 266 457 639 850 816 747 655 669 878 1215 1512 Luxembourg ------13143 16456 22292 Malta 668 646 664 629 686 715 708 714 712 796 924 Netherlands 40316 43618 44127 44315 46252 48134 49940 52166 56476 65176 72434 Norway 11905 13052 13312 14112 14662 14732 14306 14973 16771 19784 23989

208 Table A9 (continued) World imports of commercial services by region and selected economy, 1994-04 (Million dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Poland 3746 7008 6228 5610 6479 6837 8860 8852 9089 10526 12293 Portugal 5255 6339 6359 6293 6623 6555 6484 6299 6568 7642 8946 Romania 1166 1801 1924 1865 1796 1759 1948 2113 2304 2913 3820 Serbia and Montenegro ...... 277 362 421 243 293 323 537 795 1192 Slovak Republic 1549 1801 1997 2062 2272 1812 1779 1979 2322 3012 3416 Slovenia 1148 1429 1480 1391 1509 1506 1423 1442 1715 2165 2611 Spain 17906 20971 23521 23903 27038 30101 30950 33709 37098 45615 53672 Sweden 14594 17112 18651 19427 21620 22511 23368 22920 23856 28647 32993 Switzerland 12644 14899 15557 13979 14952 15736 15449 16350 17086 19135 21099 Turkey 3418 4654 6381 8577 9954 8894 8532 6464 6272 7769 10302 United Kingdom 56522 62262 68733 75000 85238 92321 96279 96594 104890 119021 136068

European Union (25) 450500 520700 541500 542200 593600 611700 626500 648800 700500 831100 954000 Extra-EU (25) imports a ...... 328100 381700

European Union (15) 434200 498700 517800 519700 569000 587000 599900 621000 669300 792700 908700 Extra-EU (15) imports a 182800 207800 225000 236100 257100 263100 270000 277000 287400 335600 396800

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) ...... 26300 23100 19500 23600 29300 34100 39800 49700

Armenia 41 52 129 157 190 183 177 192 217 264 301 Azerbaijan ... 297 433 714 692 476 475 650 1283 2027 2702 Belarus 197 276 330 354 438 431 551 829 892 894 1009 Georgia ...... 249 335 224 216 231 317 347 437 Kazakhstan ... 776 928 1124 1154 1104 1831 2609 3506 3712 4937 Kyrgyz Republic 69 193 247 169 173 152 145 120 145 146 279 Moldova 74 193 156 191 190 168 190 195 243 274 356 Russian Federation 15435 20206 18665 20025 16456 13352 16229 19958 22853 26487 32766 Ukraine 1538 1334 1625 2268 2545 2292 2590 3167 3143 3979 4695

Africa 30800 34500 35400 36600 37400 35800 37700 38500 40600 47200 54500

Algeria 973 1365 1212 1000 1069 989 1411 1413 1511 1510 ... Angola 1425 1665 1738 2046 2395 2194 2271 3176 3197 ...... Benin 156 235 189 170 191 214 186 186 195 247 ... Botswana 307 440 339 435 517 515 538 512 508 638 715 Burundi 59622929351836313538... Cameroon 477 485 ...... 810 1080 1062 ... Cape Verde 30 55 62 66 85 112 97 113 138 198 228 Central African Republic 114 150 114 130 136 107 113 96 89 90 ... Congo 983 690 929 748 853 854 728 842 917 925 ... Côte d'Ivoire 899 1235 1296 1340 1408 1358 1142 1188 1447 1606 ... Djibouti 84 77 71 68 74 60 65 61 56 60 ... Egypt 5382 4511 4709 5813 5886 5959 7161 6356 6013 6038 7393 Eritrea 8 45 54 100 179 101 24 28 25 ...... Ethiopia 299 337 331 377 442 463 479 516 556 695 ... Gabon 809 882 908 943 980 854 846 695 832 933 ... Gambia 49 47 60 60 64 62 61 60 54 61 ... Ghana 319 331 332 358 533 555 514 538 548 734 881 Guinea 233 252 321 204 274 258 183 220 156 188 196 Kenya 601 733 712 708 632 505 665 712 578 568 ... Lesotho 43 59 55 58 50 47 41 38 45 ...... Libyan Arab Jamahiriya 649 532 731 709 792 887 815 964 1343 1528 ... Madagascar 249 278 280 289 326 336 396 424 317 406 ... Malawi 148 151 186 219 162 185 167 171 222 110 ... Mali 296 412 357 329 332 351 324 414 380 478 ...

Mauritania 162 197 208 180 130 152 168 194 220 ...... Appendix tables Mauritius 526 631 666 656 706 719 748 799 775 876 1013 Morocco 1208 1350 1301 1267 1482 1537 1521 1705 1903 2350 2800 Mozambique 323 350 319 329 396 392 439 607 531 528 484 Namibia 455 538 569 522 449 431 321 265 215 242 379 Nigeria 2981 4399 4541 4695 4054 3311 3464 3530 4013 4839 4207 Rwanda 171 58 63 100 99 106 113 113 124 136 ... Senegal 333 405 386 389 432 419 396 403 457 568 ... Seychelles 77 100 108 124 127 152 170 165 194 197 193 Sierra Leone 93797338337982937689... South Africa 4888 5756 5508 5810 5465 5581 5657 5104 5243 7803 9079 Sudan 199 150 169 168 200 270 632 638 784 805 1024 Swaziland 190 206 233 236 262 188 281 170 134 ...... Tanzania 439 729 883 709 885 723 620 627 647 746 964 Togo 109 148 197 168 149 130 116 129 147 221 ... Tunisia 1198 1245 1131 1066 1121 1106 1119 1332 1353 1510 1869 Uganda 436 563 675 669 728 419 459 504 532 511 682 Zambia ...... 282 282 298 328 359 367 388 468 Zimbabwe 645 694 790 888 616 557 443 394 416 492 ...

209 210 Appendix tables Memorandum items: 511700 409600 377600 360000 369400 60800 339900 50800 318900 45200 354600 44600 350600 328600 46100 269400 41800 40800 45800 ...... Asia Middle East Note a SeetheTechnicalNotesforestimationofintraandextra-EUtrade. (Million dollars) Table A9 World importsofcommercial servicesbyregion andselectedeconomy, 1994-04 aut 33 63 36 36 14 54 40 49 37 41 ... 28 ... 42 67 ... 24 4165 52 5081 63 19 3698 ... 1833 4841 42 3382 65 30 23042 ... 1646 ...... 4063 3252 17999 61 1553 ... 53 ... 30 137 ... 29859 5196 ... 17 256 16572 3040 1735 36193 24803 73 6384 14475 35 120 340 3146 355 44 231 3102 ... 19 29423 6798 1592 23852 15329 ... 3153 86 110 310 29608 2095 ... 23435 260 36 205 5494 1388 26 13464 29 662 1255 28243 2304 25507 2216 ... 11874 108 347 4645 1328 54 198 193 35 6 27317 37 23285 1067 ... 772 1982 39 17144 37 2109 4226 1271 108 310 24166 158 23246 202 ... 103 1028 19313 33 1264 728 18776 30 1894 5 278 4482 1174 19565 33 24120 42 107 277 18601 140 ... 876 189 80 17323 ... 2044 22179 23750 794 4510 1169 263 15231 34 5 16248 98 353 34 142 Europe excluding 22204 812 ... 216 22982 2424 386 76 4428 40950 1020 924 16539 ... 266 20701 20465 49642 434 28 25511 101 93 2913 703 235 35 13 4817 16603 366 17171 13800 779 104 134013 984 39861 World excluding 298 20778 71602 ... 1838 2431 291 14622 16770 110263 4803 108 612 305 86 36132 27 340 49 19792 642 29818 54852 947 106612 364 12973 1595 15596 2182 4601 32473 Viet Nam 233 87 610 107027 18896 290 25789 46080 Vanuatu 321 18115 75 15381 18 608 92 883 1318 32957 115686 331 4034 Tonga 17045 25613 25472 39032 118 17406 2578 12139 511 Thailand 114173 88 26773 285 1423 14192 21030 794 62 Taipei, Chinese 24576 35858 24 382 107 110705 14822 11871 6135 934 2059 Sri Lanka 24112 483 12277 17742 122079 24475 1523 1733 1795 30967 214 11039 Solomon Islands 11918 16214 757 387 123 29037 5537 1834 12 128701 Singapore 11000 886 16617 23614 26467 7936 ... 1318 1564 446 1697 14777 Samoa 121548 182 29158 13273 672 10062 4880 18009 1896 Philippines 24874 371 27724 119 105449 13230 927 7152 11 1164 1541 1675 Papua NewGuinea 25394 11730 8030 17938 ... 23284 209 22369 Pakistan 4520 1756 649 11136 344 149 18248 7155 1184 1520 1494 11293 New Zealand 748 16880 22101 24635 27 Nepal 4115 1714 181 12225 632 ... 10928 1059 1463 Myanmar 18427 1468 20796 15781 739 Mongolia 3866 1891 12308 38 9426 18197 132 18642 Maldives 1192 1485 1416 517 ... Malaysia 10496 701 4243 1556 16691 8648 Macao, China 1588 857 1299 604 9437 Lao People'sDem.Rep. 15064 4055 1328 652 14393 1577 Korea, Republicof 1241 1302 9124 Japan 664 4215 985 12576 1905 635 Indonesia 1348 1378 8915 India 8670 3847 900 2571 Hong Kong,China 1385 1358 613 8209 Fiji 8916 3641 China 3182 1197 1450 634 Cambodia 7411 Bhutan 2899 Bangladesh 622 Australia 2192 3062 Yemen Syrian ArabRepublic Saudi Arabia Oman Kuwait Jordan Israel Iran, IslamicRep.of Bahrain : Duetofrequentrevisionstheservicesdata,therearenumerousbreaksincontinuity ofthedataseriesatcountr itaE 2)iprs ...... 800452700 387000 ... 1522200 1281100 ...... 513100 ...... 432900 368300 ... 350800 ... 342800 ... 334400 1582600 ... 1327000 328400 1187200 302200 ... 1143900 ... 290500 1143700 1059900 268000 1018800 ... 231800 ... 1017900 972700 907000 ... 790300 intra-EU(15)importsa intra-EU(25)importsa intra-EU(15)importsa intra-EU(25)importsa (continued) 9419 9619 9819 0020 0220 2004 2003 2002 2001 2000 1999 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 y andregionallevels.SeetheTechnicalNotes. Appendix tables

211 Table A10 Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 2002-04

(Billion dollars)

Destination World a North America South & C. America Europe

Origin 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004

World Agricultural products 586.25 682.14 783.10 93.62 101.49 114.82 19.47 20.29 22.67 278.10 336.71 383.22 Food 471.45 549.87 626.82 72.68 80.08 88.24 17.02 17.57 19.28 227.15 276.30 314.96 Fish 55.37 61.31 69.68 10.97 11.91 12.27 0.70 0.69 0.86 21.37 25.39 28.54 Other food products 416.08 488.57 557.13 61.71 68.17 75.97 16.32 16.89 18.42 205.78 250.91 286.42 Raw materials 114.81 132.26 156.29 20.95 21.41 26.58 2.45 2.71 3.39 50.95 60.41 68.26 Fuels and mining products 786.48 967.06 1280.64 155.88 194.91 257.63 25.98 32.42 43.63 299.18 362.85 461.16 Ores and other minerals 64.93 80.67 115.68 8.07 8.62 11.30 1.28 1.48 2.52 27.97 33.99 48.75 Fuels 610.79 760.30 993.00 126.86 165.17 216.44 23.06 29.00 37.80 217.65 268.22 334.77 Non-ferrous metals 110.76 126.09 171.97 20.95 21.12 29.89 1.64 1.95 3.31 53.55 60.64 77.63 Manufactures 4752.61 5489.31 6570.31 1180.92 1248.53 1439.92 128.77 132.33 169.63 2102.30 2511.52 2980.41 Iron and steel 144.44 182.15 265.86 21.84 20.71 37.81 3.69 3.85 5.52 66.24 85.12 124.46 Chemicals 668.66 803.65 975.86 115.97 135.55 154.20 26.17 28.96 36.38 344.32 421.76 508.89 Pharmaceuticals 167.25 205.16 246.85 30.95 37.60 43.09 5.10 5.39 6.38 104.04 130.05 160.04 Other chemicals 501.41 598.49 729.01 85.02 97.95 111.11 21.07 23.57 30.01 240.28 291.71 348.85 Other semi-manufactures 465.58 531.69 633.41 108.22 113.32 134.08 11.58 11.99 15.37 226.54 270.47 316.78 Machinery and transport equipment 2558.64 2918.34 3473.77 690.13 716.71 820.84 63.61 63.63 83.59 1059.77 1250.48 1479.00 Office and telecom equipment 848.67 950.63 1133.78 202.45 214.53 257.96 13.22 14.07 19.39 306.65 337.25 395.54 EDP and office equipment 327.65 367.78 420.24 89.03 97.78 115.71 4.60 4.51 5.68 135.77 155.91 176.30 Telecommunications equipment 272.14 305.74 383.18 77.76 81.54 101.40 6.29 6.80 10.46 110.01 123.96 153.08 Integrated circuits 248.89 277.11 330.36 35.66 35.21 40.85 2.32 2.76 3.24 60.87 57.38 66.16 Transport equipment 893.95 1028.56 1206.07 297.15 303.19 331.88 25.83 25.02 32.46 413.52 508.66 610.31 Automotive products 627.90 728.01 847.24 240.49 246.22 267.86 12.28 12.18 17.13 291.36 362.67 430.82 Other transport equipment 266.05 300.55 358.83 56.66 56.98 64.02 13.55 12.84 15.33 122.16 145.99 179.49 Other machinery 816.01 939.15 1133.92 190.53 198.99 231.00 24.56 24.54 31.75 339.60 404.58 473.15 Textiles 154.30 172.47 194.73 23.87 25.14 28.43 6.66 7.06 8.85 60.64 70.04 77.57 Clothing 203.04 232.49 258.10 67.32 72.22 77.19 4.97 4.63 5.08 90.59108.95 121.66 Other manufactures 557.96 648.53 768.58 153.58 164.87 187.38 12.08 12.21 14.85 254.20 304.68 352.04 Personal and household goods 123.70 143.23 165.42 38.03 41.07 46.11 1.92 1.95 2.65 62.81 76.18 86.91 Scientific and controlling instruments 122.78 148.83 188.46 30.81 33.90 40.32 2.95 2.87 3.51 50.04 60.54 71.48 Miscellaneous manufactures 311.48 356.47 414.70 84.74 89.90 100.95 7.21 7.39 8.69 141.35 167.97 193.64 Total merchandise exports b 6299.00 7342.00 8907.00 1468.36 1582.82 1852.18 179.18 190.31 242.17 2745.43 3299.19 3956.50

North America Agricultural products 110.34 119.92 131.02 50.45 52.69 59.66 6.39 6.65 7.53 14.11 15.45 16.04 Food 79.91 87.57 92.96 36.27 38.81 42.64 5.31 5.42 6.01 9.0610.02 10.27 Fish 6.80 7.19 7.87 3.34 3.54 3.64 0.08 0.07 0.09 0.94 1.03 1.31 Other food products 73.11 80.38 85.09 32.93 35.27 39.00 5.23 5.35 5.92 8.12 8.98 8.96 Raw materials 30.43 32.35 38.06 14.18 13.88 17.02 1.09 1.23 1.52 5.06 5.43 5.77 Fuels and mining products 83.95 104.72 132.14 62.53 79.55 99.13 3.66 5.62 5.97 8.95 8.73 12.39 Ores and other minerals 10.61 12.30 16.37 3.90 4.23 5.44 0.27 0.38 0.45 2.99 3.17 4.41 Fuels 57.87 76.45 94.38 47.99 64.44 78.98 3.11 5.00 5.17 3.31 3.19 5.35 Non-ferrous metals 15.47 15.98 21.39 10.64 10.89 14.71 0.27 0.24 0.35 2.65 2.37 2.63 Manufactures 864.98 888.61 1008.66 486.77 494.81 555.49 46.39 45.13 54.84 146.06 154.93 175.98 Iron and steel 10.80 12.16 16.70 8.74 9.13 13.59 0.39 0.41 0.58 0.76 1.13 1.05 Chemicals 104.51 117.14 142.06 40.73 45.11 53.95 9.62 9.93 12.73 27.66 32.76 39.44 Pharmaceuticals 18.87 22.80 28.62 4.55 5.69 6.58 1.26 1.23 1.50 10.14 12.74 17.03 Other chemicals 85.64 94.35 113.44 36.18 39.42 47.37 8.37 8.70 11.23 17.52 20.02 22.42 Other semi-manufactures 74.60 77.03 88.51 51.90 52.24 59.65 3.34 3.36 4.11 8.35 9.63 10.66 Machinery and transport equipment 540.73 543.75 607.90 310.15 312.01 347.10 22.86 21.52 26.98 84.96 85.20 94.12

Appendix tables Office and telecom equipment 151.24 153.65 169.14 68.62 68.16 78.59 7.99 7.87 9.68 24.08 23.85 25.43 EDP and office equipment 55.08 57.60 61.29 26.00 28.69 31.66 3.66 3.46 4.27 12.25 12.61 12.42 Telecommunications equipment 48.08 44.33 53.92 30.49 27.66 33.56 2.65 2.52 3.44 6.37 6.06 7.60 Integrated circuits 48.08 51.72 53.93 12.13 11.81 13.37 1.68 1.89 1.97 5.46 5.18 5.41 Transport equipment 221.45 220.89 241.03 153.40 154.64 168.52 4.92 4.25 5.81 28.67 29.28 32.93 Automotive products 154.33 156.32 171.64 135.38 135.09 147.63 2.08 2.00 2.62 9.14 10.88 11.57 Other transport equipment 67.13 64.57 69.40 18.02 19.55 20.89 2.84 2.25 3.20 19.53 18.40 21.36 Other machinery 168.04 169.22 197.73 88.13 89.22 99.99 9.95 9.40 11.49 32.20 32.08 35.76 Textiles 15.06 15.25 16.66 9.72 9.57 10.36 2.62 2.80 3.22 1.18 1.20 1.26 Clothing 15.77 14.85 14.25 11.86 11.38 10.95 2.83 2.42 2.10 0.44 0.45 0.53 Other manufactures 103.51 108.43 122.58 53.68 55.37 59.90 4.73 4.69 5.13 22.71 24.55 28.93 Personal and household goods 14.24 14.68 15.81 12.06 12.49 13.49 0.38 0.34 0.36 0.64 0.61 0.67 Scientific and controlling instruments 35.78 38.06 44.46 12.98 13.49 14.70 1.40 1.31 1.50 10.37 11.36 13.20 Miscellaneous manufactures 53.50 55.69 62.31 28.64 29.40 31.71 2.95 3.04 3.27 11.69 12.58 15.06 Total merchandise exports b 1106.24 1162.96 1324.45 626.47 653.45 742.25 59.26 60.09 71.43 178.44 191.01 215.85

212 Table A10 (continued) Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 2002-04

(Billion dollars)

CIS Africa Middle East Asia Destination

2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 Origin

World 15.12 19.61 24.52 22.38 25.22 29.63 20.86 23.57 27.20 132.17 150.06 173.53 Agricultural products 13.84 17.90 22.34 20.00 22.33 26.04 19.20 21.63 24.79 97.89 109.99 125.09 Food 0.85 1.07 1.36 0.94 1.23 1.42 0.47 0.54 0.62 19.51 19.84 22.89 Fish 12.99 16.84 20.98 19.07 21.10 24.62 18.73 21.09 24.17 78.39 90.16 102.20 Other food products 1.28 1.71 2.18 2.38 2.89 3.59 1.66 1.94 2.41 34.28 40.07 48.45 Raw materials 14.28 15.71 21.62 14.76 18.06 25.29 9.78 11.60 15.08 238.84 299.27 400.83 Fuels and mining products 1.32 1.67 2.36 1.16 1.64 2.38 1.12 1.25 1.64 23.37 31.11 45.79 Ores and other minerals 11.93 12.77 17.48 12.47 15.03 20.82 6.55 7.98 10.47 186.50 233.10 304.17 Fuels 1.04 1.27 1.78 1.14 1.39 2.09 2.11 2.37 2.97 28.96 35.07 50.87 Non-ferrous metals 68.08 94.17 132.05 96.29 116.36 145.48 135.95 160.57 196.23 993.34 1174.23 1443.04 Manufactures 3.07 4.91 7.29 4.70 5.78 7.80 6.90 9.43 12.42 37.31 51.30 68.39 Iron and steel 10.50 13.91 18.31 15.14 17.68 21.33 15.27 18.04 21.27 135.08 161.05 207.56 Chemicals 2.30 3.03 4.04 3.89 4.54 5.49 3.70 4.28 4.80 15.54 18.28 21.36 Pharmaceuticals 8.20 10.88 14.28 11.25 13.14 15.83 11.58 13.76 16.47 119.54 142.77 186.20 Other chemicals 8.12 10.91 15.26 10.37 12.61 15.34 18.58 21.61 27.50 75.80 87.40 104.42 Other semi-manufactures 31.47 43.72 63.27 47.90 58.59 74.76 69.14 81.22 99.78 569.98 672.61 816.12 Machinery and transport equipment 6.50 9.39 13.50 7.76 9.51 12.38 13.48 16.81 20.92 287.38 334.37 398.09 Office and telecom equipment 2.36 3.25 3.99 2.71 3.14 3.85 3.95 4.32 5.05 84.08 92.30 104.77 EDP and office equipment 3.63 5.40 8.46 4.41 5.52 7.43 8.64 11.44 14.13 58.44 67.65 83.43 Telecommunications equipment 0.51 0.75 1.05 0.64 0.86 1.10 0.89 1.05 1.74 144.87 174.42 209.88 Integrated circuits 9.30 13.44 19.99 18.94 23.44 30.55 26.63 31.18 37.28 92.38 112.54 128.08 Transport equipment 6.66 9.63 14.00 11.31 13.90 17.83 18.38 21.09 26.38 45.99 60.78 70.50 Automotive products 2.64 3.81 5.99 7.63 9.55 12.72 8.24 10.09 10.90 46.39 51.76 57.58 Other transport equipment 15.67 20.89 29.78 21.20 25.63 31.84 29.03 33.23 41.58 190.22 225.70 289.96 Other machinerY 2.71 3.70 4.63 7.28 8.52 10.05 7.94 8.80 10.07 43.59 48.09 53.51 Textiles 3.96 6.09 8.93 2.65 3.31 3.92 4.39 5.21 6.09 26.61 29.61 34.10 Clothing 8.26 10.93 14.36 8.25 9.88 12.28 13.73 16.26 19.10 104.97 124.16 158.94 Other manufactures 2.87 3.64 4.59 1.72 2.09 2.55 2.60 2.83 3.30 13.56 15.28 17.84 Personal and household goods 1.39 1.89 2.52 2.06 2.42 3.14 3.28 3.79 4.34 31.31 40.89 57.81 Scientific and controlling instruments 4.00 5.40 7.25 4.46 5.36 6.59 7.85 9.64 11.45 60.09 68.00 83.29 Miscellaneous manufactures 98.28 130.47 179.28 136.61 162.84 204.87 172.07 201.15 244.77 1396.38 1661.25 2064.72 Total merchandise exports b

North America 0.83 0.85 1.24 3.11 3.27 3.69 2.25 2.41 2.64 32.98 38.38 39.99 Agricultural products 0.81 0.82 1.20 2.89 3.03 3.42 2.00 2.14 2.33 23.36 27.11 26.85 Food 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.02 2.41 2.49 2.74 Fish 0.80 0.80 1.14 2.88 3.01 3.40 1.99 2.12 2.31 20.96 24.62 24.12 Other food products 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.22 0.24 0.27 0.25 0.27 0.31 9.62 11.28 13.14 Raw materials 0.02 0.03 0.06 0.33 0.39 0.44 0.47 0.49 0.52 7.99 9.89 13.62 Fuels and mining products 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.11 0.06 0.07 0.07 3.34 4.35 5.86 Ores and other minerals 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.24 0.28 0.31 0.25 0.25 0.22 2.95 3.25 4.34 Fuels 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.16 0.17 0.24 1.70 2.29 3.43 Non-ferrous metals 3.02 2.94 3.83 7.62 7.63 9.82 16.00 16.29 20.10 158.99 166.84 188.57 Manufactures 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.17 0.15 0.13 0.16 0.13 0.15 0.54 1.18 1.16 Iron and steel 0.44 0.42 0.38 0.93 0.94 1.22 1.17 1.31 1.61 23.96 26.66 32.73 Chemicals 0.05 0.06 0.05 0.11 0.14 0.21 0.24 0.25 0.30 2.53 2.68 2.96 Pharmaceuticals 0.39 0.37 0.33 0.82 0.80 1.01 0.93 1.06 1.32 21.43 23.97 29.76 Other chemicals 0.09 0.12 0.17 0.47 0.50 0.64 2.48 2.73 3.88 7.98 8.45 9.40 Other semi-manufactures 2.15 2.01 2.76 5.42 5.31 6.93 10.53 10.33 12.39 104.58 107.35 117.60 Machinery and transport equipment

0.28 0.33 0.42 0.63 0.71 0.97 1.45 1.51 1.96 48.16 51.21 52.10 Office and telecom equipment Appendix tables 0.14 0.18 0.26 0.24 0.27 0.33 0.55 0.60 0.66 12.23 11.79 11.70 EDP and office equipment 0.10 0.10 0.11 0.35 0.40 0.60 0.61 0.64 0.80 7.49 6.96 7.81 Telecommunications equipment 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.30 0.28 0.50 28.44 32.46 32.59 Integrated circuits 0.81 0.54 0.97 2.45 2.12 2.60 4.81 4.65 5.15 26.33 25.41 25.05 Transport equipment 0.12 0.21 0.42 0.46 0.67 0.80 1.99 1.98 3.01 5.17 5.49 5.58 Automotive products 0.69 0.33 0.55 1.99 1.45 1.80 2.82 2.67 2.14 21.16 19.92 19.47 Other transport equipment 1.06 1.14 1.38 2.34 2.49 3.37 4.27 4.17 5.29 30.09 30.72 40.45 Other machineyr 0.03 0.05 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.13 0.13 0.14 1.31 1.43 1.56 Textiles 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.57 0.52 0.57 Clothing 0.29 0.32 0.43 0.56 0.63 0.80 1.49 1.60 1.84 20.05 21.26 25.56 Other manufactures 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.19 0.16 0.17 0.92 1.02 1.05 Personal and household goods 0.14 0.15 0.18 0.26 0.30 0.38 0.75 0.86 1.01 9.88 10.61 13.49 Scientific and controlling instruments 0.13 0.16 0.23 0.27 0.28 0.38 0.55 0.59 0.66 9.25 9.64 11.02 Miscellaneous manufactures 4.06 4.06 5.30 11.77 11.94 14.82 20.01 20.68 25.14 205.89 221.44 249.23 Total merchandise exports b

213 Table A10 (continued) Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 2002-04

(Billion dollars)

Destination World a North America South & C. America Europe

Origin 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004

South and Central America Agricultural products 56.29 66.37 79.92 11.31 12.89 14.64 9.17 9.47 10.39 18.73 22.30 26.34 Food 49.57 58.62 70.45 8.96 10.34 11.48 8.36 8.68 9.53 16.83 20.09 23.76 Fish 4.74 5.44 5.99 1.95 2.21 2.28 0.36 0.35 0.43 1.32 1.76 1.86 Other food products 44.83 53.18 64.46 7.01 8.14 9.20 8.00 8.33 9.10 15.51 18.34 21.90 Raw materials 6.73 7.75 9.47 2.35 2.54 3.16 0.80 0.79 0.86 1.90 2.21 2.59 Fuels and mining products 56.80 64.74 91.19 24.76 24.79 34.72 12.82 16.50 21.57 9.38 11.36 16.96 Ores and other minerals 9.79 11.74 19.27 1.47 1.52 2.12 0.76 0.83 1.67 3.41 4.01 6.22 Fuels 38.12 43.40 55.95 20.77 20.89 28.67 11.17 14.56 18.14 2.73 4.26 5.65 Non-ferrous metals 8.89 9.60 15.97 2.52 2.38 3.93 0.89 1.11 1.77 3.24 3.10 5.09 Manufactures 69.77 77.79 100.20 34.23 35.79 43.87 20.51 22.78 31.76 8.74 9.98 13.96 Iron and steel 7.34 8.62 12.29 2.75 2.42 4.60 1.67 1.72 2.50 1.26 1.61 2.22 Chemicals 11.27 12.88 16.49 2.60 3.07 3.97 5.95 6.69 8.75 1.73 1.83 2.10 Pharmaceuticals 1.44 1.50 1.78 0.15 0.15 0.20 1.13 1.15 1.34 0.08 0.09 0.12 Other chemicals 9.84 11.39 14.71 2.45 2.92 3.77 4.82 5.54 7.41 1.65 1.74 1.98 Other semi-manufactures 10.63 11.86 14.89 3.53 3.98 5.42 3.83 3.97 4.95 1.88 2.17 2.53 Machinery and transport equipment 21.61 24.16 32.89 11.00 11.23 12.80 6.01 7.02 11.22 2.72 3.01 5.42 Office and telecom equipment 3.45 3.80 3.96 2.22 2.18 1.74 0.46 0.54 0.94 0.41 0.28 0.51 EDP and office equipment 1.23 1.69 1.91 0.61 0.70 0.90 0.10 0.17 0.21 0.28 0.10 0.14 Telecommunications equipment 1.91 1.80 1.74 1.42 1.31 0.70 0.35 0.36 0.70 0.06 0.09 0.27 Integrated circuits 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.19 0.17 0.15 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.09 0.10 Transport equipment 11.74 12.62 18.57 6.16 6.11 7.48 3.28 3.71 6.14 1.50 1.54 3.35 Automotive products 7.54 8.75 11.45 3.22 3.67 3.86 2.95 3.14 5.29 0.74 0.88 1.01 Other transport equipment 4.20 3.86 7.12 2.94 2.44 3.62 0.33 0.57 0.85 0.76 0.66 2.34 Other machinery 6.43 7.74 10.36 2.63 2.94 3.58 2.27 2.77 4.14 0.82 1.18 1.56 Textiles 1.76 2.06 2.43 0.57 0.64 0.74 0.85 1.04 1.33 0.23 0.25 0.25 Clothing 10.58 11.06 12.77 9.92 10.37 11.91 0.45 0.42 0.54 0.17 0.20 0.27 Other manufactures 6.57 7.16 8.45 3.86 4.07 4.44 1.76 1.91 2.49 0.75 0.91 1.16 Personal and household goods 2.93 3.19 3.87 1.97 1.99 2.22 0.42 0.50 0.70 0.48 0.60 0.80 Scientific and controlling instruments 1.21 1.34 1.44 0.90 0.99 0.99 0.19 0.20 0.28 0.08 0.10 0.11 Miscellaneous manufactures 2.43 2.62 3.14 0.99 1.09 1.24 1.15 1.22 1.52 0.20 0.21 0.25 Total merchandise exports b 187.81 212.93 276.31 70.30 73.46 93.23 42.63 48.89 63.87 38.92 46.08 59.16

Europe Agricultural products 267.77 323.85 367.73 15.30 17.37 19.08 2.66 2.80 2.92 213.12 261.44 297.40 Food 224.81 272.34 308.25 13.57 15.56 16.73 2.43 2.55 2.62 178.37 219.40 249.83 Fish 18.16 20.71 23.46 0.64 0.60 0.59 0.19 0.18 0.23 14.62 17.00 19.24 Other food products 206.65 251.63 284.79 12.93 14.96 16.14 2.24 2.38 2.39 163.75 202.40 230.59 Raw materials 42.96 51.51 59.48 1.73 1.81 2.35 0.23 0.25 0.30 34.75 42.04 47.58 Fuels and mining products 197.11 239.70 302.87 19.95 22.90 30.02 1.27 1.24 1.46 158.89 194.60 243.66 Ores and other minerals 18.73 23.64 33.98 0.75 0.83 1.26 0.09 0.10 0.15 14.98 18.95 27.32 Fuels 131.43 161.84 200.25 15.94 18.63 24.05 0.80 0.72 0.80 105.96 131.78 161.15 Non-ferrous metals 46.95 54.22 68.64 3.25 3.44 4.71 0.38 0.42 0.51 37.95 43.88 55.20 Manufactures 2307.10 2736.78 3231.74 254.52 278.87 314.76 36.89 37.54 45.54 1656.11 1985.28 2333.68 Iron and steel 73.00 92.00 131.09 5.26 4.76 8.59 0.83 0.93 1.27 56.99 72.64 103.94 Chemicals 414.13 502.29 599.14 54.18 64.59 71.78 7.45 8.30 9.97 292.13 357.16 429.30 Pharmaceuticals 134.93 166.97 199.95 23.05 27.90 32.06 2.43 2.70 3.05 90.74113.70 138.41 Other chemicals 279.21 335.32 399.20 31.12 36.69 39.72 5.03 5.60 6.92 201.39 243.47 290.89 Other semi-manufactures 251.57 295.66 346.55 19.84 21.23 24.71 2.88 3.01 3.83 186.94 223.54 259.80 Machinery and transport equipment 1158.94 1362.81 1602.67 132.48 141.26 156.08 21.66 21.44 25.92 818.46 969.64 1132.04

Appendix tables Office and telecom equipment 262.29 284.26 324.42 17.33 18.87 20.02 1.62 1.93 2.99 201.32 213.58 239.25 EDP and office equipment 103.69 118.50 131.01 7.17 7.43 7.86 0.32 0.33 0.42 84.50 97.60 107.28 Telecommunications equipment 104.87 113.54 132.30 6.11 6.85 7.18 1.13 1.42 2.20 78.81 83.15 94.20 Integrated circuits 53.74 52.22 61.12 4.06 4.58 4.98 0.18 0.19 0.37 38.01 32.83 37.77 Transport equipment 471.47 572.44 678.99 62.43 65.47 69.95 10.88 10.55 11.75 345.85 428.43 513.58 Automotive products 335.80 411.17 481.90 39.22 44.79 48.27 3.22 3.22 3.88 260.16 321.43 380.45 Other transport equipment 135.67 161.27 197.09 23.21 20.69 21.68 7.65 7.33 7.87 85.69 107.00 133.13 Other machinery 425.18 506.11 599.26 52.71 56.93 66.11 9.17 8.96 11.18 271.29 327.63 379.20 Textiles 63.56 72.77 80.68 3.88 4.10 4.73 0.48 0.45 0.57 48.68 55.97 61.32 Clothing 72.38 86.60 95.82 4.73 5.12 5.26 0.25 0.22 0.23 59.80 72.55 80.25 Other manufactures 273.51 324.66 375.80 34.17 37.81 43.62 3.33 3.18 3.75 193.12 233.78 267.04 Personal and household goods 63.46 75.22 84.53 6.04 6.16 6.63 0.34 0.28 0.32 49.79 60.54 68.08 Scientific and controlling instruments 57.06 69.42 82.72 9.75 11.38 14.33 1.05 1.06 1.28 34.16 42.48 49.14 Miscellaneous manufactures 152.99 180.01 208.54 18.38 20.27 22.66 1.94 1.84 2.15 109.16 130.77 149.82 Total merchandise exports b 2835.67 3381.75 4031.10 292.96 322.70 367.10 41.46 42.39 50.84 2068.01 2496.70 2972.55

214 Table A10 (continued) Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 2002-04 (Billion dollars)

CIS Africa Middle East Asia Destination

2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 Origin

South and Central America 2.17 2.63 3.22 2.43 2.82 4.18 2.70 3.03 3.86 9.62 12.88 17.03 Agricultural products 2.13 2.59 3.10 2.38 2.75 4.10 2.63 2.94 3.75 8.10 10.92 14.50 Food 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.02 0.02 0.03 1.00 0.98 1.24 Fish 2.12 2.57 3.06 2.35 2.71 4.04 2.61 2.92 3.72 7.10 9.94 13.26 Other food products 0.04 0.05 0.11 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.07 0.09 0.11 1.52 1.96 2.52 Raw materials 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.46 0.44 0.55 0.70 0.45 0.59 7.42 9.16 15.01 Fuels and mining products 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.21 0.25 0.33 0.16 0.17 0.29 3.70 4.89 8.57 Ores and other minerals 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.22 0.15 0.17 0.42 0.24 0.24 1.64 1.38 1.37 Fuels 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.12 0.04 0.07 2.08 2.90 5.06 Non-ferrous metals 0.07 0.12 0.19 1.07 1.53 2.17 0.57 0.67 0.80 4.42 6.39 7.04 Manufactures 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.16 0.26 0.41 0.12 0.17 0.18 1.36 2.42 2.37 Iron and steel 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.20 0.24 0.32 0.06 0.07 0.10 0.67 0.86 1.13 Chemicals 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.04 Pharmaceuticals 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.19 0.22 0.30 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.64 0.84 1.09 Other chemicals 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.20 0.29 0.30 0.10 0.13 0.12 1.07 1.23 1.48 Other semi-manufactures 0.02 0.05 0.09 0.45 0.67 1.03 0.25 0.24 0.32 1.11 1.66 1.80 Machinery and transport equipment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.35 0.57 0.55 Office and telecom equipment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.50 0.49 EDP and office equipment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.03 0.03 Telecommunications equipment 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.04 0.03 Integrated circuits 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.28 0.45 0.65 0.11 0.11 0.19 0.37 0.64 0.67 Transport equipment 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.21 0.39 0.56 0.10 0.10 0.18 0.28 0.55 0.50 Automotive products 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.06 0.06 0.09 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.10 0.17 Other transport equipment 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.17 0.21 0.32 0.13 0.13 0.12 0.39 0.45 0.58 Other machinery 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.09 0.08 Textiles 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 Clothing 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.09 0.03 0.04 0.07 0.12 0.13 0.16 Other manufactures 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.06 Personal and household goods 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.03 0.04 Scientific and controlling instruments 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.05 0.06 Miscellaneous manufactures 2.31 2.83 3.49 4.02 4.85 7.00 3.97 4.16 5.24 21.60 28.46 39.10 Total merchandise exports b

Europe 5.98 7.43 9.11 8.44 9.50 10.49 5.70 6.85 7.31 14.92 16.71 19.93 Agricultural products 5.46 6.76 8.28 7.30 8.14 8.87 5.06 6.12 6.40 11.36 12.47 14.44 Food 0.59 0.73 0.88 0.49 0.60 0.65 0.07 0.09 0.08 1.53 1.50 1.78 Fish 4.86 6.03 7.40 6.82 7.54 8.22 4.99 6.03 6.32 9.83 10.97 12.67 Other food products 0.52 0.68 0.84 1.14 1.36 1.62 0.63 0.73 0.91 3.56 4.24 5.49 Raw materials 1.15 1.40 1.80 2.92 3.69 5.32 1.72 2.31 3.61 7.29 8.31 10.89 Fuels and mining products 0.22 0.28 0.29 0.27 0.33 0.49 0.24 0.28 0.44 2.07 2.79 3.90 Ores and other minerals 0.50 0.57 0.74 2.08 2.70 4.03 0.77 1.25 2.16 1.80 1.35 1.68 Fuels 0.43 0.54 0.77 0.57 0.65 0.80 0.71 0.79 1.01 3.42 4.18 5.32 Non-ferrous metals 41.99 55.52 76.71 56.31 68.26 81.19 61.01 74.60 92.76 186.19 224.31 273.85 Manufactures 0.98 0.92 1.35 2.06 2.57 3.36 2.51 3.67 5.05 4.16 6.29 7.33 Iron and steel 7.03 9.27 12.44 8.77 10.30 12.25 8.70 10.23 12.06 32.17 37.97 46.98 Chemicals 1.85 2.44 3.34 3.09 3.62 4.25 2.96 3.51 3.91 9.55 11.56 13.74 Pharmaceuticals 5.18 6.84 9.09 5.68 6.68 8.00 5.75 6.72 8.15 22.63 26.41 33.25 Other chemicals 5.10 6.63 9.03 5.46 6.85 8.16 8.53 9.79 12.47 19.20 23.71 27.52 Other semi-manufactures

20.29 27.87 40.07 30.24 37.51 44.79 31.87 40.11 50.76 99.30 120.41 147.88 Machinery and transport equipment Appendix tables 4.78 6.69 9.87 5.04 6.03 7.65 6.05 8.27 10.87 24.91 27.82 33.15 Office and telecom equipment 1.87 2.45 3.06 1.92 2.17 2.66 2.03 2.27 2.78 5.80 6.08 6.54 EDP and office equipment 2.55 3.72 6.07 2.69 3.27 4.24 3.72 5.60 7.32 9.02 9.04 10.91 Telecommunications equipment 0.36 0.51 0.75 0.43 0.59 0.75 0.31 0.41 0.77 10.09 12.70 15.69 Integrated circuits 5.32 7.66 10.29 10.77 13.92 15.94 9.58 12.65 16.22 25.49 32.60 38.22 Transport equipment 4.31 5.63 6.94 7.01 8.43 10.33 5.73 7.22 9.53 15.76 20.10 22.00 Automotiveproducts 1.01 2.03 3.35 3.76 5.48 5.61 3.85 5.44 6.69 9.73 12.50 16.22 Other transport equipment 10.18 13.53 19.90 14.42 17.57 21.20 16.24 19.18 23.67 48.91 60.00 76.51 Other machinery 1.47 1.89 2.32 3.65 4.11 4.43 1.16 1.32 1.60 3.71 4.29 4.88 Textiles 1.75 2.08 2.70 1.19 1.32 1.39 1.21 1.30 1.55 3.08 3.48 3.73 Clothing 5.38 6.86 8.81 4.94 5.61 6.82 7.02 8.19 9.27 24.57 28.17 35.53 Other manufactures 1.65 1.88 2.38 0.78 0.83 0.94 1.10 1.11 1.28 3.67 4.30 4.78 Personal and household goods 0.91 1.27 1.65 1.52 1.77 2.27 2.08 2.35 2.61 7.46 8.99 11.29 Scientific and controlling instruments 2.82 3.71 4.78 2.63 3.01 3.60 3.85 4.73 5.39 13.45 14.88 19.47 Miscellaneous manufactures 49.49 64.80 88.19 68.29 82.14 97.73 69.19 84.61 104.62 211.80 252.86 307.86 Total merchandise exports b

215 Table A10 (continued) Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 2002-04

(Billion dollars)

Destination World a North America South & C. America Europe

Origin 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) Agricultural products 15.19 18.94 23.95 0.48 0.49 0.51 0.05 0.01 0.18 4.82 5.50 6.17 Fuels and mining products 83.23 105.63 142.15 5.36 8.03 11.68 3.22 3.19 4.47 54.53 67.72 87.36 Manufactures 47.85 63.42 87.93 2.98 3.66 5.91 0.92 1.44 1.58 14.93 19.43 27.51 Total merchandise exports b 153.20 194.61 265.71 8.94 12.27 18.18 4.19 4.65 6.33 77.92 96.28 128.93

Africa Agricultural products 19.80 23.59 28.04 1.08 1.21 1.34 0.10 0.11 0.09 10.35 12.09 13.83 Fuels and mining products 74.04 94.99 136.98 16.14 25.37 36.71 2.27 3.12 5.97 34.92 40.80 48.64 Manufactures 39.18 48.59 58.12 3.69 4.38 5.14 0.49 0.56 0.74 21.68 27.75 33.02 Total merchandise exports b 140.14 175.16 231.74 20.92 31.01 43.23 2.85 3.79 6.80 70.91 84.79 99.07

Middle East Agricultural products 8.22 8.38 9.30 0.32 0.40 0.40 0.04 0.03 0.04 1.82 2.11 2.47 Fuels and mining products 177.09 220.03 290.88 21.12 28.19 36.32 1.49 1.51 2.34 25.36 30.70 40.33 Manufactures 63.43 70.60 86.12 14.54 15.60 17.16 0.83 0.78 1.15 13.84 16.02 20.71 Total merchandise exports b 251.22 301.76 389.68 36.85 45.19 55.06 2.37 2.34 3.53 41.34 49.26 64.02

Asia Agricultural products 108.64 121.09 143.14 14.69 16.43 19.20 1.08 1.21 1.53 15.15 17.83 20.97 Food 85.75 94.52 111.72 12.28 13.61 15.57 0.80 0.82 0.98 11.16 13.16 15.64 Fish 19.81 21.12 24.29 4.65 5.16 5.41 0.06 0.07 0.09 1.94 2.51 2.83 Other food products 65.94 73.41 87.43 7.63 8.44 10.17 0.74 0.74 0.89 9.2110.65 12.82 Raw materials 22.90 26.57 31.42 2.41 2.83 3.62 0.28 0.39 0.55 3.99 4.67 5.33 Fuels and mining products 114.26 137.25 184.43 6.03 6.09 9.07 1.24 1.25 1.85 7.16 8.95 11.81 Ores and other minerals 16.68 21.64 28.70 1.41 1.49 1.86 0.04 0.02 0.03 2.70 3.16 3.65 Fuels 76.74 91.25 121.17 3.29 3.33 5.10 1.14 1.16 1.67 3.03 4.01 6.22 Non-ferrous metals 20.84 24.36 34.56 1.33 1.26 2.11 0.06 0.07 0.15 1.43 1.78 1.95 Manufactures 1360.31 1603.54 1997.53 384.19 415.42 497.59 22.75 24.10 34.02 240.93 298.14 375.56 Iron and steel 34.12 43.07 65.18 3.93 3.49 7.73 0.47 0.40 0.62 1.85 2.42 4.51 Chemicals 106.46 131.75 168.05 14.88 18.15 19.52 1.93 2.35 3.27 14.55 19.50 24.27 Pharmaceuticals 9.84 11.46 13.49 2.58 3.09 3.31 0.26 0.28 0.46 2.44 2.84 3.63 Other chemicals 96.62 120.29 154.56 12.30 15.07 16.22 1.66 2.07 2.81 12.11 16.66 20.64 Other semi-manufactures 95.58 108.58 134.64 25.79 28.24 34.88 1.44 1.52 2.13 16.14 19.08 23.87 Machinery and transport equipment 800.00 941.58 1174.67 232.57 247.71 300.58 12.63 13.19 18.79 142.73 178.29 230.02 Office and telecom equipment 423.74 499.77 624.68 112.98 123.97 156.23 2.99 3.57 5.57 78.44 96.38 126.02 EDP and office equipment 166.13 188.41 224.16 54.98 60.71 75.02 0.51 0.53 0.76 38.26 45.05 55.78 Telecommunications equipment 112.26 140.30 187.97 39.02 44.93 59.22 2.03 2.38 3.96 23.49 32.86 48.37 Integrated circuits 145.34 171.05 212.55 18.98 18.33 21.99 0.45 0.66 0.85 16.70 18.47 21.87 Transport equipment 176.85 205.83 248.37 74.31 75.71 84.81 6.61 6.38 8.63 34.28 44.44 55.06 Automotive products 123.69 143.91 172.55 62.33 62.20 67.56 3.96 3.79 5.30 20.12 27.78 35.74 Other transport equipment 53.16 61.92 75.82 11.97 13.51 17.25 2.65 2.59 3.32 14.16 16.67 19.32 Other machinery 199.41 235.98 301.63 45.28 48.03 59.54 3.03 3.25 4.60 30.01 37.47 48.95 Textiles 67.48 75.84 87.76 9.05 10.16 11.97 2.68 2.70 3.65 8.6010.41 12.28 Clothing 92.84 106.57 120.67 37.84 41.83 45.85 1.43 1.58 2.19 23.00 27.33 30.89 Other manufactures 163.83 196.15 246.55 60.13 65.84 77.05 2.19 2.36 3.37 34.06 41.11 49.73 Personal and household goods 40.81 47.38 57.87 17.80 20.27 23.56 0.78 0.82 1.25 10.76 13.02 15.67 Scientific and controlling instruments 25.64 36.62 55.41 6.57 7.38 9.34 0.27 0.28 0.40 4.39 5.43 7.65 Miscellaneous manufactures 97.39 112.15 133.27 35.76 38.19 44.15 1.15 1.27 1.72 18.90 22.66 26.42 Appendix tables Total merchandise exports b 1624.51 1913.05 2388.37 411.92 444.74 533.13 26.42 28.16 39.37 269.89 335.06 416.92

216 Table A10 (continued) Network of world merchandise trade by product and region, 2002-04

(Billion dollars)

CIS Africa Middle East Asia Destination

2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 2002 2003 2004 Origin

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 4.05 6.02 7.93 0.75 0.54 0.74 0.63 0.89 1.01 4.12 4.67 6.35 Agricultural products 12.71 13.76 19.01 0.22 0.23 0.89 1.18 1.91 2.87 5.85 8.57 12.14 Fuels and mining products 13.80 19.79 27.83 1.56 2.03 2.33 2.94 3.39 4.90 10.55 12.36 15.84 Manufactures 30.68 39.73 55.02 2.58 2.84 4.04 5.75 7.13 9.80 21.34 26.73 35.41 Total merchandise exports b

Africa 0.33 0.41 0.58 3.68 4.61 5.21 0.82 0.99 1.07 3.12 3.78 5.04 Agricultural products 0.03 0.09 0.07 4.37 5.70 7.94 0.46 0.53 0.68 11.88 15.08 25.43 Fuels and mining products 0.06 0.07 0.08 7.27 8.48 9.80 1.28 1.32 1.50 4.13 5.41 6.63 Manufactures 0.42 0.57 0.72 15.52 18.98 23.14 2.63 2.93 3.36 21.24 26.13 38.87 Total merchandise exports b

Middle East 0.19 0.23 0.29 0.44 0.49 0.53 3.89 3.64 3.50 0.79 0.91 1.16 Agricultural products 0.04 0.05 0.05 5.83 6.75 8.99 3.11 3.46 3.59 104.20 134.35 170.86 Fuels and mining products 0.62 0.84 0.89 2.77 3.25 3.75 13.15 14.42 14.09 11.97 14.86 19.97 Manufactures 0.85 1.13 1.23 9.06 10.50 13.29 20.46 21.88 21.54 117.69 150.86 192.96 Total merchandise exports b

Asia 1.59 2.04 2.15 3.54 4.00 4.79 4.87 5.77 7.82 66.62 72.73 84.04 Agricultural products 1.52 1.93 2.01 3.23 3.61 4.26 4.50 5.33 7.20 51.23 55.08 63.45 Food 0.07 0.10 0.13 0.13 0.17 0.23 0.22 0.23 0.30 12.34 12.44 13.89 Fish 1.46 1.83 1.88 3.10 3.44 4.02 4.28 5.10 6.90 38.89 42.63 49.55 Other food products 0.06 0.11 0.15 0.31 0.39 0.53 0.37 0.44 0.62 15.40 17.66 20.59 Raw materials 0.26 0.31 0.55 0.63 0.87 1.15 2.13 2.45 3.23 94.20 113.93 152.88 Fuels and mining products 0.13 0.13 0.20 0.05 0.07 0.08 0.28 0.29 0.35 11.77 15.95 22.35 Ores and other minerals 0.08 0.12 0.20 0.44 0.59 0.73 1.38 1.49 2.03 65.92 79.10 103.70 Fuels 0.05 0.06 0.14 0.14 0.21 0.34 0.48 0.67 0.84 16.50 18.88 26.83 Non-ferrous metals 8.53 14.88 22.51 19.68 25.18 36.42 41.00 49.87 62.09 617.08 744.07 931.16 Manufactures 0.09 0.47 0.67 0.71 0.89 1.27 1.59 2.06 2.74 25.17 32.94 46.50 Iron and steel 0.87 1.21 1.63 2.06 2.48 3.37 2.24 2.85 3.79 69.11 84.81 111.89 Chemicals 0.17 0.22 0.25 0.48 0.53 0.75 0.23 0.28 0.35 3.38 3.96 4.55 Pharmaceuticals 0.69 0.98 1.38 1.58 1.95 2.63 2.01 2.57 3.44 65.73 80.85 107.34 Other chemicals 0.44 0.71 1.12 2.20 2.70 3.64 4.78 5.96 8.05 43.75 49.45 60.07 Other semi-manufactures 3.06 5.54 8.93 8.66 11.27 17.84 20.76 24.93 30.36 359.47 436.12 540.41 Machinery and transport equipment 1.10 1.93 2.67 1.62 2.25 3.05 4.57 5.51 6.55 212.63 253.29 310.28 Office and telecom equipment 0.30 0.55 0.60 0.40 0.53 0.65 1.12 1.22 1.38 65.62 73.74 85.80 EDP and office equipment 0.72 1.24 1.87 1.08 1.52 2.13 3.18 3.96 4.77 41.04 50.80 63.67 Telecommunications equipment 0.08 0.13 0.20 0.14 0.20 0.28 0.27 0.33 0.40 105.96 128.75 160.81 Integrated circuits 0.87 1.91 3.86 3.99 5.15 9.58 10.08 12.10 13.88 38.19 50.85 61.08 Transport equipment 0.74 1.65 3.57 2.90 3.62 5.35 8.81 10.47 12.21 23.99 33.43 40.94 Automotive products 0.13 0.26 0.29 1.10 1.53 4.24 1.27 1.62 1.67 14.20 17.42 20.14 Other transport equipment 1.09 1.71 2.41 3.05 3.87 5.21 6.11 7.32 9.93 108.66 131.98 169.04 Other machinery 0.61 1.00 1.28 3.12 3.91 5.09 4.95 5.65 6.66 37.85 41.95 46.59 Textiles 1.99 3.73 5.89 1.13 1.61 2.17 2.73 3.36 3.98 22.87 25.52 29.67 Clothing 1.47 2.23 2.99 1.80 2.32 3.04 3.96 5.06 6.51 58.87 73.27 96.03 Other manufactures 0.84 1.26 1.58 0.66 0.89 1.16 1.06 1.28 1.57 8.90 9.83 11.86 Personal and household goods 0.09 0.13 0.21 0.19 0.22 0.33 0.30 0.39 0.49 13.23 20.56 32.12 Scientific and controlling instruments 0.55 0.84 1.20 0.96 1.20 1.55 2.60 3.39 4.45 36.75 42.88 52.06 Miscellaneous manufactures Appendix tables 10.48 17.36 25.32 25.36 31.58 44.85 50.07 59.75 75.07 796.82 954.77 1201.30 Total merchandise exports b a Includes unspecified destinations. b Includes unspecified products. Note : For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

217 Table A11 Merchandise trade by region and economy, 1994-04 - United States

(Billion dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Exports

World 512.3 583.0 622.8 687.5 680.4 692.8 780.3 731.0 693.2 723.6 817.9

North America 165.4 172.6 189.6 221.8 233.5 251.3 288.5 265.6 258.7 267.3 300.3 Canada 114.6 126.3 132.9 150.5 154.6 164.3 176.8 164.1 161.2 169.9 189.6 Mexico 50.8 46.3 56.8 71.4 79.0 87.0 111.7 101.5 97.5 97.5 110.8

South and Central America 41.5 49.7 51.8 62.1 62.7 54.6 58.7 57.8 50.9 51.4 60.7 Brazil 8.1 11.4 12.7 15.9 15.2 13.2 15.4 15.9 12.4 11.2 13.9 Other South and Central America 33.3 38.3 39.1 46.2 47.5 41.3 43.3 41.9 38.5 40.2 46.8

Europe 120.0 136.9 144.3 159.0 166.2 168.9 184.2 178.4 160.2 168.5 188.6 European Union (25) 109.6 125.9 130.5 144.6 152.7 155.0 168.1 162.6 147.0 154.4 172.9 Other Europe 10.4 11.1 13.8 14.5 13.4 13.9 16.1 15.8 13.1 14.2 15.7

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 3.4 3.5 4.8 4.7 4.6 2.8 3.3 3.8 3.8 3.7 4.8 Russian Federation 2.6 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.6 1.8 2.3 2.7 2.4 2.4 3.0 Other 0.8 0.7 1.4 1.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.2 1.9

Africa 9.2 9.9 10.6 11.4 11.2 9.9 11.0 12.4 10.7 10.7 13.5 South Africa 2.2 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.7 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.5 2.8 3.2 Other Africa 7.0 7.1 7.4 8.3 7.5 6.8 7.9 9.4 8.1 7.9 10.3

Middle East 16.0 17.4 19.9 20.9 23.6 20.9 19.0 19.3 18.9 19.4 23.5

Asia 156.6 192.3 201.1 207.2 178.2 184.0 215.3 193.5 189.7 202.5 226.3 China 9.3 11.7 12.0 12.8 14.3 13.1 16.3 19.2 22.1 28.4 34.7 Japan 53.5 64.3 67.5 65.7 57.9 57.5 65.3 57.6 51.4 52.1 54.4 Six East Asian traders 71.4 89.5 91.4 96.5 77.5 85.0 102.4 87.5 85.0 88.5 100.7 Other Asia 22.4 26.8 30.3 32.3 28.6 28.4 31.4 29.1 31.2 33.6 36.4

Imports

World 689.0 770.8 817.6 898.0 944.4 1059.2 1258.1 1180.1 1202.3 1305.1 1525.3

North America 182.3 211.0 233.8 258.5 274.0 312.5 370.2 352.9 350.1 367.3 417.6 Canada 131.9 148.3 159.7 171.4 177.9 201.5 232.7 220.2 213.9 227.6 259.8 Mexico 50.3 62.7 74.1 87.1 96.1 111.1 137.4 132.8 136.1 139.7 157.8

South and Central America 41.3 45.3 52.0 57.1 53.8 61.8 77.4 71.7 73.8 84.0 105.2 Brazil 9.3 9.4 9.3 10.1 10.6 11.9 14.6 15.3 16.7 19.0 22.7 Other South and Central America 32.0 35.8 42.7 46.9 43.1 49.9 62.8 56.5 57.1 65.0 82.5

Europe 137.8 153.2 165.1 182.1 202.5 224.5 255.2 253.1 260.3 282.6 317.4 European Union (25) 126.1 139.3 150.2 166.1 186.4 206.1 233.9 232.9 238.9 260.1 290.9 Other Europe 11.8 14.0 14.9 16.0 16.1 18.4 21.3 20.2 21.3 22.5 26.5 Appendix tables

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 4.0 5.1 4.7 5.3 7.1 7.2 9.8 8.1 8.4 10.4 14.9 Russian Federation 3.4 4.3 3.7 4.5 6.0 6.0 8.0 6.5 7.1 9.1 12.6 Other 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.8 1.5 1.2 1.3 2.3

Africa 15.1 16.2 19.5 21.1 17.0 18.0 29.1 26.8 23.3 33.9 48.3 South Africa 2.2 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.7 2.8 4.4 4.6 4.2 4.8 6.2 Other Africa 12.9 13.4 16.3 18.0 13.3 15.2 24.7 22.2 19.1 29.1 42.2

Middle East 16.8 17.4 19.2 21.6 20.3 26.8 40.8 38.7 35.8 44.0 54.2

Asia 291.8 322.5 323.4 352.4 369.6 408.5 475.5 428.7 450.7 483.0 567.6 China 41.3 48.5 54.4 65.8 75.1 87.8 107.6 109.4 133.5 163.3 210.5 Japan 122.5 127.2 118.0 124.3 125.1 134.9 150.6 129.7 124.6 121.2 133.3 Six East Asian traders 99.3 114.5 115.4 120.1 122.2 136.0 159.3 135.2 135.7 138.4 157.1 Other Asia 28.6 32.3 35.7 42.2 47.2 49.8 58.0 54.4 56.8 60.1 66.7

218 Table A12 Merchandise trade by region and economy, 2000-04 - European Union (25)

(Billion dollars, percentage change)

Value Annual percentage change

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2000-04 2001 2002 2003 2004

Exports

World 2437.4 2451.8 2617.9 3123.9 3714.2 11 1 7 19 19

North America 250.8 252.4 268.1 295.5 335.5 8 1 6 10 14 United States 217.1 216.8 230.7 253.7 288.5 7 0 6 10 14 Other North America 33.7 35.5 37.4 41.8 47.1 9 5 5 12 13

South and Central America 43.0 41.9 38.3 39.5 47.3 2 -3 -9 3 20 Brazil 15.2 16.2 14.6 13.7 17.3 3 7 -10 -6 26 Other South and Central America 27.8 25.7 23.7 25.7 30.0 2 -8 -8 8 17

Europe 1791.3 1791.3 1917.7 2315.0 2747.5 11 0 7 21 19 European Union (25) 1645.1 1649.5 1763.5 2125.0 2510.4 11 0 7 20 18 Other Europe 146.1 141.7 154.2 190.0 237.1 13 -3 9 23 25

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 29.9 39.1 45.2 59.2 80.8 28 31 15 31 36 Russian Federation 20.3 27.5 31.8 41.2 56.0 29 35 16 29 36 Other CIS 9.6 11.6 13.3 18.0 24.7 27 21 15 35 37

Africa 60.2 61.9 64.3 77.6 91.9 11 3 4 21 18 South Africa 10.7 11.0 11.5 15.0 19.4 16 3 4 31 29 Other Africa 49.5 50.9 52.9 62.6 72.4 10 3 4 18 16

Middle East 54.0 57.8 62.2 75.3 92.0 14 7 7 21 22

Asia 183.6 182.0 192.9 231.0 282.6 11 -1 6 20 22 China 23.2 26.7 31.9 45.2 58.6 26 15 19 41 30 Japan 41.1 39.8 40.3 45.4 52.6 6 -3 1 13 16 Six East Asian traders 72.7 72.2 72.6 82.4 86.8 5 -1 1 14 5 Other Asia 119.3 115.5 120.7 140.4 171.4 9 -3 4 16 22

Imports

World 2560.2 2525.8 2647.0 3179.4 3791.0 10 -1 5 20 19

North America 212.5 204.1 192.8 202.9 224.9 1 -4 -6 5 11 United States 187.8 179.7 170.4 176.6 195.0 1 -4 -5 4 10 Other North America 24.8 24.4 22.4 26.2 29.9 5 -1 -8 17 14

South and Central America 43.5 42.4 45.6 54.4 67.5 12 -3 8 19 24 Brazil 16.9 17.2 17.0 21.2 26.2 12 2 -1 25 24 Other South and Central America 26.6 25.2 28.6 33.2 41.3 12 -5 13 16 24

Europe 1773.1 1778.5 1898.6 2289.0 2723.5 11 0 7 21 19 European Union (25) 1640.3 1644.8 1756.1 2115.1 2510.4 11 0 7 20 19

Other Europe 132.8 133.8 142.6 173.8 213.1 13 1 7 22 23 Appendix tables

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 59.7 59.7 64.5 82.8 112.4 17 0 8 28 36 Russian Federation 48.9 48.1 50.6 66.4 88.1 16 -2 5 31 33 Other CIS 10.8 11.6 13.8 16.4 24.3 22 7 20 19 48

Africa 74.3 74.4 72.5 89.4 103.1 9 0 -3 23 15 South Africa 13.3 14.2 14.2 16.7 19.4 10 7 0 18 16 Other Africa 61.0 60.2 58.2 72.6 83.7 8 -1 -3 25 15

Middle East 47.9 40.3 38.2 45.2 59.4 6 -16 -5 18 31

Asia 309.2 288.3 304.7 380.8 463.0 11 -7 6 25 22 China 68.3 72.7 84.6 119.0 157.8 23 6 16 41 33 Japan 84.4 72.1 69.1 81.2 91.7 2 -15 -4 18 13 Six East Asian traders 114.1 102.3 101.2 124.5 110.5 -1 -10 -1 23 -11 Other Asia 156.5 143.5 151.1 180.6 213.5 8 -8 5 20 18

219 Table A13 Merchandise trade by region and economy, 1994-04 - Japan

(Billion dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Exports

World 397.0 443.1 410.9 421.0 387.9 419.4 479.2 403.5 416.7 471.8 565.8

North America 124.7 127.9 118.1 124.6 126.2 136.8 156.9 133.4 131.5 128.6 142.5 United States 118.7 122.0 113.0 118.4 119.8 129.8 144.0 122.6 120.4 117.5 128.7 Other North America 5.9 5.9 5.1 6.2 6.4 7.0 12.9 10.9 11.1 11.1 13.8

South and Central America 12.5 12.0 11.3 13.6 14.0 11.5 8.0 7.6 6.7 6.5 8.1 Brazil 1.9 2.6 2.2 2.9 2.6 2.0 2.5 2.5 1.8 1.9 2.3 Other South and Central America 8.3 8.4 7.7 9.7 9.8 9.4 5.5 5.1 4.9 4.6 5.8

Europe 65.8 74.9 67.6 71.3 77.2 79.5 85.4 70.2 67.2 80.0 94.8 European Union (25) 62.2 71.6 64.2 67.2 73.3 76.5 80.5 66.7 63.9 75.6 89.2 Other Europe 4.6 4.6 4.6 5.7 5.8 3.1 4.9 3.5 3.2 4.4 5.6

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.2 2.2 3.8 Russian Federation 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.8 3.1 Other CIS 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.4 1.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.7

Africa 5.2 4.8 5.6 4.9 4.9 5.3 4.2 3.7 3.9 4.8 6.6 South Africa 2.1 2.5 2.1 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.9 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.9 Other Africa 3.1 2.4 3.5 3.0 3.1 3.7 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.8 3.7

Middle East 9.9 8.7 9.7 10.4 12.4 9.8 9.7 10.5 11.4 12.9 14.5

Asia 168.7 203.3 190.8 187.0 144.3 166.0 207.5 171.8 189.7 231.3 288.9 China 18.7 22.0 21.9 21.7 20.1 23.3 42.5 42.3 52.5 72.9 92.9 Six East Asian traders 120.4 147.4 135.0 130.2 97.0 112.4 142.2 110.4 118.6 138.1 172.5 Other Asia 29.5 33.9 34.0 35.0 27.2 30.3 22.8 19.1 18.6 20.4 23.5

Imports

World 274.7 336.1 349.2 338.8 280.6 310.0 379.5 349.1 337.2 382.9 454.5

North America 72.2 86.7 89.9 85.8 75.2 75.4 83.6 73.5 67.7 69.2 74.2 United States 63.3 75.9 79.8 76.0 67.5 67.5 72.5 63.7 58.7 59.9 63.6 Other North America 8.9 10.8 10.1 9.8 7.7 7.9 11.1 9.8 9.0 9.3 10.6

South and Central America 7.9 9.1 11.4 11.0 11.2 7.6 8.2 7.1 6.8 7.7 10.4 Brazil 3.2 3.9 3.8 3.7 2.9 2.7 3.0 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.7 Other South and Central America 4.6 5.1 7.6 7.3 8.3 5.0 5.2 4.6 4.2 4.8 6.8

Europe 43.3 54.6 54.6 50.2 43.6 47.9 52.6 50.2 49.6 55.7 64.5 European Union (25) 39.2 49.3 49.9 45.6 39.6 43.3 47.6 45.5 44.7 50.0 57.8 Other Europe 4.1 5.2 4.8 4.6 3.9 4.6 5.0 4.8 4.8 5.7 6.7

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 3.7 5.0 4.3 4.4 3.1 4.0 4.9 4.2 3.6 4.6 6.2

Appendix tables Russian Federation 3.5 4.7 3.9 4.0 2.9 3.8 4.6 3.9 3.3 4.2 5.7 Other CIS 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5

Africa 4.0 4.6 5.0 4.8 3.9 4.1 4.9 4.5 5.7 6.4 8.7 South Africa 2.2 2.6 2.9 2.8 2.4 2.3 3.0 2.8 2.9 3.6 4.6 Other Africa 1.8 2.1 2.1 2.0 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.7 2.8 2.9 4.1

Middle East 27.8 31.6 35.2 38.3 25.5 30.3 49.2 44.3 40.7 51.2 62.7

Asia 114.2 141.7 148.7 143.5 119.8 138.3 176.0 165.2 163.1 188.1 227.8 China 27.5 36.0 40.4 41.9 37.1 42.9 55.1 57.9 61.8 75.4 94.3 Six East Asian traders 47.5 61.9 62.8 56.2 45.6 55.8 71.5 61.5 57.2 63.5 74.9 Other Asia 39.2 43.8 45.4 45.4 37.1 39.7 49.4 45.9 44.2 49.2 58.7

220 Table A14 Merchandise trade by region and economy, 1994-04 - China

(Billion dollars)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Export

World 121.0 148.8 151.0 182.8 183.8 194.9 249.2 266.1 325.6 438.2 593.3

North America 23.1 26.5 28.5 35.1 40.8 45.2 56.7 59.5 77.2 101.6 138.4 United States 21.5 24.7 26.7 32.7 38.0 42.0 52.2 54.4 70.1 92.6 125.1 Other North America 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.3 2.8 3.2 4.5 5.1 7.2 8.9 13.3

South and Central America 2.2 2.9 2.9 4.2 4.6 4.4 5.8 6.4 6.5 8.4 13.1 Brazil 0.4 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.5 2.1 3.7 Other South and Central America 1.9 2.2 2.1 3.1 3.5 3.5 4.6 5.0 5.1 6.3 9.4

Europe 17.1 21.5 22.4 27.2 31.8 34.0 43.6 46.6 55.5 83.3 114.7 European Union (25) 16.3 20.2 20.9 25.2 29.8 32.1 40.8 44.2 52.5 78.4 107.3 Other Europe 0.9 1.3 1.4 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.8 2.4 3.0 4.9 7.4

CIS 1.9 2.0 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.2 3.2 3.5 5.1 9.3 13.8 Russian Federation 1.6 1.7 1.7 2.0 1.8 1.5 2.2 2.7 3.5 6.0 9.1 Other CIS 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.9 0.8 1.6 3.3 4.7

Africa 1.7 2.5 2.5 3.2 4.0 4.1 5.0 6.0 6.9 10.1 13.7 South Africa 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.3 2.0 3.0 Other Africa 1.4 1.8 1.8 2.4 3.1 3.2 4.0 4.9 5.6 8.1 10.8

Middle East 2.6 3.0 3.0 3.6 4.1 4.6 6.2 7.1 9.5 13.3 16.9

Asia 72.4 90.5 89.7 107.1 96.1 100.4 128.8 137.1 164.8 212.3 282.7 Japan 21.6 28.5 30.9 31.8 29.7 32.4 41.7 44.9 48.4 59.4 73.5 Six East Asian traders 43.8 52.3 49.6 64.1 55.7 56.2 71.4 75.4 95.5 124.2 168.8 Other Asia 6.9 9.7 9.3 11.3 10.8 11.7 15.7 16.8 20.9 28.6 40.4

Import

World 115.6 132.1 138.8 142.4 140.2 165.7 225.1 243.6 295.2 412.8 561.2

North America 15.8 19.0 19.0 18.5 19.3 22.0 26.6 31.0 32.0 40.0 54.2 United States 13.9 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.9 19.5 22.4 26.2 27.3 33.9 44.7

South and Central America 2.2 2.8 3.3 3.6 2.8 2.8 4.9 5.9 7.2 13.2 19.5 Brazil 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.1 1.0 1.6 2.3 3.0 5.8 8.7 Other South and Central America 1.1 1.5 1.8 2.1 1.7 1.9 3.3 3.6 4.2 7.3 10.9

Europe 20.9 23.1 21.5 20.7 22.0 27.4 33.5 39.0 43.1 59.1 76.2 European Union (25) 18.9 21.5 20.1 19.3 20.9 25.8 31.2 36.3 39.4 54.4 70.1 Other Europe 2.0 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.6 2.4 2.7 3.7 4.7 6.1

CIS 4.6 4.9 6.2 5.1 4.3 5.3 7.4 9.6 10.6 13.1 16.2 Russian Federation 3.5 3.8 5.2 4.1 3.6 4.2 5.8 8.0 8.4 9.7 12.1 Appendix tables Other CIS 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 0.7 1.1 1.6 1.7 2.2 3.4 4.1

Africa 0.9 1.4 1.5 2.5 1.5 2.4 5.6 4.8 5.4 8.4 15.6 South Africa 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.8 3.0 Other Africa 0.4 0.7 0.8 1.7 0.8 1.5 4.5 3.6 4.2 6.5 12.7

Middle East 1.2 2.1 3.0 3.8 3.2 3.6 10.0 9.2 9.5 14.4 21.6

Asia 68.2 76.6 81.9 85.3 84.0 98.1 129.9 135.3 172.4 239.4 319.0 Japan 26.3 29.0 29.2 29.0 28.3 33.8 41.5 42.8 53.5 74.1 94.3 Six East Asian traders 35.8 40.7 44.2 47.3 47.6 54.1 73.1 76.2 99.3 136.9 182.5 Other Asia 6.0 6.8 8.5 8.9 8.1 10.3 15.4 16.3 19.6 28.4 42.2

221 Table A15 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Canada

(Billion dollars)

North South & Central America America Europe CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 21.96 11.64 0.66 1.60 3.23 2.20 0.06 0.08 0.57 0.31 0.24 0.05 6.97 2.08 2004 26.25 12.32 0.90 1.72 3.32 2.38 0.07 0.10 0.54 0.36 0.23 0.06 8.79 2.39 Food 2003 13.35 9.19 0.61 1.39 1.65 1.99 0.06 0.07 0.51 0.30 0.19 0.05 3.54 1.74 2004 15.00 9.69 0.84 1.49 1.70 2.14 0.07 0.08 0.49 0.34 0.18 0.05 4.66 1.93 Fish 2003 2.17 0.61 0.02 0.10 0.38 0.08 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.70 0.52 2004 2.19 0.64 0.03 0.10 0.42 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.80 0.61 Other food products 2003 11.18 8.59 0.59 1.29 1.28 1.91 0.06 0.03 0.51 0.29 0.19 0.04 2.85 1.22 2004 12.81 9.05 0.81 1.39 1.28 2.07 0.05 0.05 0.48 0.33 0.17 0.05 3.86 1.32 Raw materials 2003 8.61 2.45 0.05 0.20 1.58 0.21 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.05 0.00 3.43 0.34 2004 11.25 2.63 0.06 0.23 1.61 0.23 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.00 4.14 0.46 Fuels and mining products 2003 50.78 8.03 0.23 1.52 2.52 6.08 0.00 0.40 0.08 2.55 0.04 1.53 2.36 0.75 2004 62.07 10.24 0.23 2.51 3.37 7.55 0.01 0.76 0.06 2.96 0.02 1.79 3.31 1.16 Ores and other minerals 2003 1.56 1.58 0.08 0.69 1.41 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.08 0.00 0.01 0.93 0.52 2004 2.15 1.77 0.08 0.90 1.89 0.19 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.12 0.01 0.01 1.18 0.67 Fuels 2003 42.68 4.47 0.13 0.61 0.43 5.69 0.00 0.35 0.03 2.41 0.02 1.52 0.61 0.06 2004 51.22 5.87 0.11 1.06 0.78 7.01 0.00 0.70 0.03 2.79 0.00 1.77 0.65 0.15 Non-ferrous metals 2003 6.54 1.98 0.02 0.22 0.69 0.24 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.06 0.02 0.00 0.82 0.17 2004 8.69 2.61 0.04 0.55 0.70 0.35 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.00 1.49 0.34 Manufactures 2003 146.48 131.45 1.49 1.58 8.86 24.51 0.27 0.20 0.51 0.27 0.70 0.52 6.48 35.72 2004 165.46 144.43 1.93 1.97 10.99 27.61 0.38 0.41 0.67 0.47 1.06 0.67 7.74 43.26 Iron and steel 2003 3.18 2.85 0.03 0.37 0.08 0.87 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.11 0.58 2004 4.43 4.31 0.03 0.50 0.07 1.26 0.00 0.20 0.01 0.16 0.01 0.03 0.12 1.04 Chemicals 2003 14.21 17.23 0.32 0.16 1.06 5.79 0.02 0.06 0.04 0.06 0.06 0.13 1.42 1.14 2004 17.58 19.34 0.410.20 1.35 6.77 0.03 0.11 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.20 2.171.53 Pharmaceuticals 2003 1.89 2.89 0.03 0.01 0.27 3.03 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.10 0.20 2004 2.27 3.03 0.05 0.01 0.50 3.61 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.11 0.23 Other chemicals 2003 12.32 14.34 0.29 0.15 0.79 2.76 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.06 0.03 0.10 1.32 0.94 2004 15.31 16.31 0.37 0.19 0.86 3.15 0.02 0.11 0.04 0.08 0.04 0.15 2.06 1.30 Other semi-manufactures 2003 23.15 13.46 0.39 0.23 1.93 2.26 0.02 0.02 0.09 0.03 0.08 0.09 0.68 2.71 2004 26.79 14.38 0.52 0.28 2.18 2.54 0.03 0.03 0.11 0.04 0.14 0.11 0.74 3.33 Machinery and transport 2003 87.90 80.03 0.61 0.49 4.76 11.90 0.20 0.01 0.30 0.05 0.45 0.17 3.55 20.39 equipment 2004 97.38 86.97 0.78 0.58 5.80 12.92 0.27 0.02 0.41 0.09 0.71 0.19 3.84 24.66 Office and telecom 2003 7.14 9.34 0.12 0.08 1.21 1.28 0.01 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.07 0.08 1.15 9.50 equipment 2004 8.27 10.53 0.20 0.10 1.66 1.42 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.10 0.10 1.20 11.87 EDP and office 2003 2.35 4.40 0.06 0.01 0.45 0.53 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.28 4.53 equipment 2004 2.67 4.60 0.09 0.01 0.46 0.54 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.28 5.52 Telecommunications 2003 3.45 3.76 0.06 0.03 0.58 0.51 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.05 0.07 0.61 3.73 equipment 2004 4.11 4.39 0.10 0.02 0.95 0.56 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.07 0.08 0.61 4.68 Integrated circuits 2003 1.33 1.17 0.00 0.05 0.18 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.26 1.24 2004 1.50 1.55 0.00 0.07 0.26 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.31 1.67 Transport equipment 2003 64.37 47.19 0.12 0.25 1.77 4.23 0.06 0.01 0.07 0.02 0.15 0.02 1.17 6.11 2004 70.49 50.89 0.15 0.25 1.93 4.60 0.06 0.01 0.12 0.02 0.24 0.01 1.19 7.01 Automotive products 2003 55.45 41.06 0.10 0.23 0.44 2.32 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.84 5.29 2004 62.26 43.82 0.11 0.22 0.50 2.83 0.05 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.62 5.79 Other transport 2003 8.91 6.13 0.02 0.02 1.33 1.90 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.11 0.02 0.33 0.81 equipment 2004 8.22 7.08 0.04 0.02 1.43 1.77 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.57 1.22 Other machinery 2003 16.40 23.50 0.37 0.16 1.78 6.40 0.12 0.00 0.17 0.02 0.22 0.07 1.23 4.78 2004 18.62 25.55 0.44 0.24 2.21 6.90 0.18 0.01 0.23 0.06 0.37 0.09 1.44 5.78 Power generating 2003 2.40 2.72 0.05 0.02 0.54 0.85 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.13 0.34 machinery 2004 2.67 2.94 0.06 0.03 0.69 1.20 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.10 0.01 0.15 0.30 Non-electrical 2003 10.01 14.08 0.27 0.08 0.98 4.57 0.11 0.00 0.13 0.02 0.16 0.03 0.78 2.53

Appendix tables machinery 2004 11.36 15.24 0.31 0.12 1.15 4.62 0.16 0.00 0.16 0.03 0.23 0.04 0.95 3.04 Electrical machinery 2003 3.99 6.70 0.05 0.06 0.27 0.98 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.32 1.90 2004 4.59 7.37 0.07 0.09 0.37 1.07 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.34 2.44 Textiles 2003 2.06 2.34 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.44 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.07 0.96 2004 2.19 2.44 0.04 0.06 0.09 0.49 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.09 1.05 Clothing 2003 1.85 0.67 0.00 0.14 0.08 0.41 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.03 0.02 3.18 2004 1.84 0.75 0.01 0.17 0.11 0.46 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.02 0.03 3.72 Other manufactures 2003 14.14 14.88 0.11 0.14 0.88 2.84 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.02 0.09 0.06 0.61 6.77 2004 15.26 16.24 0.14 0.18 1.39 3.18 0.04 0.02 0.07 0.04 0.11 0.08 0.75 7.92 Personal and house- 2003 5.01 2.18 0.02 0.08 0.05 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.03 1.94 hold goods 2004 5.49 2.58 0.02 0.11 0.05 0.64 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.04 2.42 Scientific and controlling 2003 1.64 4.29 0.04 0.02 0.39 0.90 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.02 0.29 0.60 instruments 2004 1.87 4.82 0.06 0.02 0.50 1.05 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.07 0.02 0.40 0.84 Miscellaneous 2003 7.49 8.42 0.050.04 0.44 1.33 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.04 0.294.23 manufactures 2004 7.91 8.84 0.06 0.04 0.84 1.48 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.31 4.66 Total merchandise a 2003 235.01 154.43 2.45 4.90 15.66 33.30 0.35 0.69 1.19 3.13 1.14 2.11 16.28 38.72 2004 270.21 171.08 3.14 6.90 19.49 38.13 0.46 1.28 1.30 3.83 1.59 2.53 20.26 46.94

222 Table A15 (continued) Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Canada

(Billion dollars)

United States EU (25) China Japan Mexico Korea, Republic of World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 21.38 11.23 3.03 2.05 1.18 0.39 3.42 0.06 0.57 0.42 0.53 0.07 33.69 17.99 2004 25.27 11.86 3.09 2.21 2.11 0.54 3.96 0.06 0.96 0.46 0.63 0.08 40.10 19.37 Food 2003 12.82 8.80 1.50 1.84 0.41 0.33 2.00 0.04 0.52 0.40 0.12 0.03 19.93 14.74 2004 14.09 9.25 1.54 1.99 1.10 0.43 2.28 0.04 0.90 0.44 0.20 0.04 22.94 15.76 Fish 2003 2.17 0.60 0.34 0.03 0.18 0.14 0.35 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.01 3.28 1.36 2004 2.19 0.64 0.37 0.03 0.23 0.20 0.38 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.01 3.47 1.47 Other food products 2003 10.65 8.19 1.17 1.81 0.23 0.19 1.64 0.03 0.52 0.39 0.09 0.03 16.65 13.38 2004 11.90 8.61 1.17 1.95 0.87 0.23 1.90 0.03 0.90 0.44 0.17 0.03 19.47 14.29 Raw materials 2003 8.56 2.43 1.53 0.21 0.77 0.06 1.43 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.41 0.04 13.77 3.25 2004 11.18 2.61 1.550.22 1.01 0.12 1.68 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.43 0.05 17.163.61 Fuels and mining products 2003 50.67 7.67 1.84 3.15 0.39 0.16 1.05 0.02 0.10 0.36 0.39 0.03 56.00 20.88 2004 61.88 9.89 2.30 3.85 0.72 0.37 1.28 0.02 0.18 0.34 0.53 0.06 69.07 27.00 Ores and other minerals 2003 1.55 1.54 0.86 0.12 0.26 0.03 0.42 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.08 0.00 4.03 3.03 2004 2.11 1.72 1.04 0.18 0.38 0.04 0.40 0.00 0.04 0.05 0.19 0.00 5.34 3.67 Fuels 2003 42.65 4.17 0.34 2.82 0.05 0.03 0.34 0.01 0.03 0.30 0.15 0.00 43.88 15.12 2004 51.18 5.58 0.673.36 0.09 0.10 0.29 0.00 0.04 0.28 0.18 0.02 52.7919.36 Non-ferrous metals 2003 6.47 1.96 0.64 0.21 0.08 0.10 0.30 0.01 0.07 0.02 0.16 0.02 8.09 2.74 2004 8.59 2.59 0.590.32 0.25 0.23 0.59 0.01 0.10 0.02 0.17 0.03 10.933.97 Manufactures 2003 145.57 123.53 8.35 23.01 1.82 12.71 1.27 9.78 0.88 7.92 0.45 3.52 164.79196.15 2004 164.30 134.93 10.22 25.71 2.20 17.60 1.26 10.18 1.11 9.49 0.56 4.33 188.22 220.69 Iron and steel 2003 3.11 2.78 0.08 0.78 0.03 0.12 0.01 0.18 0.06 0.07 0.00 0.13 3.42 4.80 2004 4.36 4.19 0.061.07 0.03 0.37 0.01 0.19 0.06 0.11 0.01 0.18 4.677.54 Chemicals 2003 14.11 17.06 0.98 5.40 0.57 0.29 0.21 0.25 0.09 0.16 0.17 0.10 17.12 24.59 2004 17.43 19.15 1.156.15 1.03 0.49 0.23 0.29 0.14 0.19 0.21 0.15 21.6828.26 Pharmaceuticals 2003 1.87 2.86 0.23 2.80 0.01 0.06 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.00 2.34 6.15 2004 2.25 3.00 0.33 3.32 0.00 0.06 0.03 0.05 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.00 2.99 6.94 Other chemicals 2003 12.24 14.20 0.74 2.60 0.57 0.23 0.17 0.22 0.08 0.13 0.16 0.10 14.78 18.43 2004 15.18 16.15 0.83 2.82 1.02 0.43 0.20 0.24 0.13 0.16 0.20 0.15 18.69 21.32 Other semi-manufactures 2003 23.03 13.13 1.88 2.14 0.06 1.23 0.19 0.47 0.11 0.33 0.03 0.21 26.33 18.94 2004 26.64 13.98 2.10 2.39 0.06 1.60 0.20 0.54 0.13 0.40 0.04 0.24 30.49 20.87 Machinery and transport 2003 87.38 74.03 4.47 11.44 1.05 4.75 0.62 8.00 0.52 6.00 0.18 2.67 97.78 114.64 equipment 2004 96.70 79.85 5.46 12.49 0.96 7.32 0.56 8.23 0.67 7.13 0.21 3.38 109.19126.91 Office and telecom 2003 7.09 7.54 1.17 1.23 0.21 2.94 0.18 1.63 0.04 1.80 0.10 1.12 9.77 21.05 equipment 2004 8.19 8.08 1.59 1.36 0.22 4.54 0.22 1.81 0.08 2.45 0.11 1.21 11.53 24.84 EDP and office 2003 2.34 3.66 0.44 0.51 0.04 1.60 0.05 0.74 0.01 0.74 0.01 0.32 3.18 9.68 equipment 2004 2.64 3.84 0.44 0.53 0.05 2.59 0.05 0.78 0.03 0.76 0.02 0.25 3.54 10.87 Telecommunications 2003 3.43 2.72 0.56 0.48 0.13 1.29 0.08 0.70 0.02 1.04 0.06 0.62 4.81 8.52 equipment 2004 4.06 2.75 0.90 0.53 0.13 1.83 0.12 0.85 0.04 1.64 0.07 0.71 5.91 10.18 Integrated circuits 2003 1.32 1.15 0.18 0.24 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.18 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.18 1.78 2.85 2004 1.49 1.49 0.25 0.30 0.04 0.12 0.06 0.18 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.26 2.07 3.78 Transport equipment 2003 64.09 44.41 1.63 4.17 0.58 0.24 0.22 4.45 0.28 2.78 0.02 1.12 67.71 58.35 2004 70.09 48.07 1.86 4.57 0.42 0.59 0.17 4.38 0.39 2.83 0.01 1.64 74.17 63.06 Automotive products 2003 55.19 38.57 0.39 2.30 0.52 0.11 0.10 3.91 0.26 2.49 0.00 1.11 56.95 49.10 2004 61.97 41.31 0.46 2.81 0.37 0.42 0.04 3.76 0.29 2.51 0.01 1.39 63.66 52.85 Other transport 2003 8.89 5.84 1.24 1.88 0.06 0.12 0.13 0.54 0.02 0.29 0.01 0.02 10.76 9.25 equipment 2004 8.12 6.76 1.41 1.76 0.06 0.17 0.13 0.61 0.10 0.32 0.01 0.25 10.51 10.22 Other machinery 2003 16.20 22.09 1.66 6.03 0.26 1.58 0.22 1.92 0.20 1.42 0.07 0.42 20.30 35.25 2004 18.42 23.70 2.01 6.56 0.32 2.19 0.17 2.04 0.20 1.85 0.08 0.53 23.49 39.01 Power generating 2003 2.38 2.57 0.50 0.80 0.02 0.06 0.02 0.19 0.01 0.15 0.01 0.05 3.18 4.03 machinery 2004 2.67 2.78 0.61 1.16 0.03 0.09 0.02 0.10 0.01 0.15 0.02 0.05 3.71 4.59 Non-electrical 2003 9.85 13.79 0.92 4.32 0.16 0.52 0.16 1.34 0.15 0.29 0.04 0.24 12.43 21.47 machinery 2004 11.21 14.85 1.06 4.41 0.22 0.73 0.10 1.45 0.15 0.39 0.04 0.32 14.32 23.32 Electrical machinery 2003 3.96 5.72 0.25 0.91 0.08 0.99 0.05 0.40 0.03 0.98 0.02 0.13 4.69 9.75 2004 4.54 6.06 0.34 0.99 0.07 1.37 0.04 0.49 0.04 1.31 0.02 0.15 5.46 11.10 Appendix tables Textiles 2003 2.03 2.22 0.06 0.38 0.01 0.38 0.01 0.04 0.03 0.12 0.02 0.11 2.26 3.85 2004 2.17 2.32 0.090.42 0.01 0.48 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.12 0.02 0.10 2.434.11 Clothing 2003 1.85 0.45 0.07 0.30 0.00 1.45 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.15 1.97 4.50 2004 1.83 0.48 0.110.32 0.00 1.85 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.13 1.995.22 Other manufactures 2003 14.07 13.86 0.81 2.56 0.09 4.50 0.23 0.84 0.06 1.02 0.04 0.15 15.90 24.83 2004 15.17 14.96 1.25 2.87 0.10 5.49 0.23 0.87 0.08 1.27 0.07 0.15 17.76 27.77 Personal and house- 2003 4.98 1.65 0.04 0.54 0.00 1.49 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.52 0.00 0.01 5.12 4.82 hold goods 2004 5.45 2.02 0.05 0.58 0.01 1.90 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.56 0.00 0.01 5.62 5.80 Scientific and controlling 2003 1.63 4.04 0.36 0.83 0.06 0.16 0.08 0.28 0.01 0.25 0.03 0.02 2.44 5.88 instruments 2004 1.85 4.43 0.46 0.98 0.07 0.26 0.09 0.36 0.02 0.39 0.05 0.03 2.96 6.82 Miscellaneous 2003 7.46 8.17 0.41 1.19 0.02 2.85 0.14 0.55 0.02 0.25 0.01 0.12 8.34 14.13 manufactures 2004 7.86 8.51 0.74 1.31 0.03 3.33 0.14 0.49 0.04 0.32 0.02 0.10 9.19 15.15 Total merchandise a 2003 233.38 145.71 14.22 28.66 3.40 13.28 5.82 9.88 1.58 8.71 1.38 3.65 272.08 240.25 2004 267.85 160.75 17.39 32.31 5.09 18.54 6.56 10.29 2.29 10.32 1.74 4.48 316.46 273.40 a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: Imports are valued f.o.b. For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

223 Table A16 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - United States

(Billion dollars)

North South & Central America AmericaEurope CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 22.10 28.95 5.54 13.61 11.65 15.54 0.78 0.42 2.68 1.48 2.15 0.35 31.16 16.95 2004 23.57 33.76 6.06 15.28 12.09 16.98 1.17 0.43 3.14 1.59 2.41 0.36 30.90 19.71 Food 2003 17.45 20.00 4.43 11.18 7.87 13.74 0.76 0.36 2.50 1.26 1.93 0.30 23.38 13.92 2004 18.50 22.19 4.75 11.98 8.03 14.68 1.13 0.34 2.93 1.29 2.16 0.31 22.00 15.95 Fish 2003 0.82 2.56 0.04 2.53 0.63 0.55 0.02 0.26 0.01 0.09 0.02 0.05 1.73 5.54 2004 0.86 2.59 0.05 2.50 0.86 0.54 0.04 0.23 0.02 0.09 0.02 0.05 1.88 5.88 Other food products 2003 16.63 17.44 4.39 8.65 7.23 13.19 0.74 0.09 2.48 1.17 1.91 0.25 21.65 8.38 2004 17.65 19.60 4.69 9.48 7.16 14.14 1.09 0.11 2.91 1.20 2.14 0.26 20.12 10.07 Raw materials 2003 4.64 8.94 1.11 2.43 3.78 1.79 0.02 0.06 0.18 0.22 0.21 0.05 7.78 3.03 2004 5.07 11.58 1.31 3.30 4.06 2.30 0.04 0.09 0.22 0.30 0.25 0.05 8.91 3.76 Fuels and mining product 2003 12.36 67.35 3.56 33.27 4.63 19.38 0.03 6.02 0.31 26.44 0.41 27.26 6.90 5.74 2004 15.94 82.54 4.11 46.13 6.82 26.25 0.05 8.66 0.38 39.43 0.50 35.38 9.73 8.67 Ores and other minerals 2003 2.04 2.03 0.20 1.03 1.65 0.59 0.01 0.07 0.04 0.49 0.06 0.03 3.37 0.85 2004 2.38 2.73 0.24 1.30 2.29 1.07 0.03 0.11 0.08 0.54 0.06 0.03 4.64 1.03 Fuels 2003 6.97 58.01 3.19 30.23 1.35 15.98 0.01 3.88 0.25 24.46 0.20 27.06 2.09 3.64 2004 8.93 70.07 3.65 41.89 2.67 21.27 0.01 5.65 0.28 36.75 0.21 35.14 3.17 5.61 Non-ferrous metals 2003 3.34 7.32 0.17 2.01 1.63 2.82 0.00 2.07 0.02 1.49 0.15 0.17 1.45 1.25 2004 4.63 9.75 0.23 2.93 1.86 3.91 0.01 2.90 0.02 2.14 0.22 0.21 1.92 2.03 Manufactures 2003 223.42 249.38 39.78 33.26 141.88 233.40 2.66 3.85 7.09 5.58 15.52 15.32 158.81 449.12 2004 250.03 278.45 47.53 39.20 160.33 259.27 3.45 5.65 9.13 6.94 19.04 17.39 179.15 526.98 Iron and steel 2003 4.39 4.36 0.28 1.95 0.83 3.58 0.02 0.52 0.14 0.48 0.12 0.03 1.00 2.94 2004 6.23 6.68 0.43 4.07 0.78 7.17 0.03 2.32 0.12 1.15 0.14 0.09 0.99 6.65 Chemicals 2003 27.83 16.06 8.08 3.34 30.76 61.06 0.40 1.73 0.90 0.61 1.23 2.35 24.94 18.69 2004 32.31 20.00 10.22 4.38 37.09 66.80 0.35 1.76 1.15 0.62 1.55 2.62 30.20 19.92 Pharmaceuticals 2003 3.32 2.13 0.79 0.03 12.14 25.21 0.05 0.00 0.13 0.01 0.22 0.77 2.55 3.60 2004 3.50 2.60 0.93 0.07 16.25 28.22 0.04 0.00 0.18 0.01 0.27 0.91 2.81 3.57 Other chemicals 2003 24.50 13.93 7.29 3.30 18.62 35.86 0.36 1.73 0.77 0.61 1.01 1.58 22.39 15.10 2004 28.80 17.40 9.29 4.31 20.84 38.58 0.31 1.76 0.97 0.61 1.28 1.71 27.39 16.35 Other semi-manufactures 2003 22.27 28.50 2.53 3.55 7.58 19.14 0.10 0.35 0.41 0.93 2.64 6.47 7.73 32.11 2004 24.81 32.94 2.94 4.59 8.36 21.87 0.15 0.47 0.53 1.20 3.74 7.62 8.60 38.63 Machinery and transport 2003 134.09 160.94 19.76 8.42 78.21 108.20 1.81 0.27 5.00 0.97 9.85 2.93 102.94 252.34 equipment 2004 149.39 177.62 24.42 9.11 85.96 117.18 2.49 0.19 6.51 1.07 11.68 2.94 112.83 301.02 Office and telecom 2003 31.27 28.91 7.31 2.04 22.03 13.46 0.32 0.01 0.65 0.13 1.44 1.16 49.51 134.84 equipment 2004 35.93 33.29 8.76 1.32 23.15 13.21 0.39 0.02 0.90 0.14 1.86 1.27 50.31 163.66 EDP and office 2003 14.01 9.20 3.24 0.17 11.70 5.71 0.18 0.00 0.26 0.02 0.58 0.22 11.09 67.11 equipment 2004 16.28 9.63 3.94 0.20 11.54 5.84 0.25 0.00 0.32 0.01 0.63 0.25 10.99 79.72 Telecommunications 2003 8.77 17.39 2.25 1.21 5.36 4.67 0.09 0.01 0.36 0.02 0.58 0.63 6.29 48.59 equipment 2004 10.02 21.09 3.07 0.61 6.50 4.42 0.09 0.01 0.55 0.02 0.73 0.67 7.12 62.62 Integrated circuits 2003 8.49 2.32 1.81 0.66 4.96 3.07 0.06 0.01 0.03 0.09 0.28 0.31 32.14 19.14 2004 9.63 2.58 1.76 0.51 5.11 2.95 0.04 0.01 0.04 0.11 0.50 0.35 32.20 21.32 Transport equipment 2003 58.90 93.54 3.78 3.99 26.43 50.14 0.47 0.18 2.04 0.60 4.50 0.51 24.10 66.27 2004 64.52 101.54 5.17 4.75 29.87 52.54 0.91 0.09 2.47 0.69 4.91 0.46 23.69 74.08 Automotive products 2003 50.81 82.70 1.62 1.68 9.51 40.07 0.17 0.00 0.64 0.55 1.93 0.04 4.56 56.24 2004 55.17 90.81 2.15 1.60 10.19 42.15 0.37 0.00 0.75 0.63 2.93 0.05 4.86 61.76 Other transport 2003 8.09 10.84 2.16 2.32 16.92 10.07 0.31 0.18 1.41 0.05 2.56 0.46 19.54 10.03 equipment 2004 9.35 10.73 3.02 3.15 19.68 10.39 0.53 0.08 1.72 0.06 1.99 0.42 18.83 12.32 Other machinery 2003 43.91 38.49 8.67 2.38 29.75 44.60 1.02 0.07 2.31 0.24 3.92 1.26 29.33 51.23 2004 48.94 42.79 10.48 3.04 32.94 51.42 1.20 0.08 3.14 0.25 4.91 1.20 38.83 63.28 Power generating 2003 4.45 4.72 1.49 0.22 9.16 8.34 0.04 0.03 0.20 0.01 0.88 0.19 4.77 3.32 machinery 2004 4.70 4.92 1.85 0.19 10.78 8.62 0.06 0.03 0.39 0.01 1.33 0.18 5.90 3.90 Non-electrical 2003 22.76 14.84 5.38 1.20 12.59 26.09 0.88 0.03 1.91 0.19 2.24 0.36 16.04 23.89

Appendix tables machinery 2004 25.53 17.09 6.40 1.69 13.79 31.40 1.04 0.03 2.51 0.20 2.65 0.37 22.31 30.22 Electrical machinery 2003 16.70 18.92 1.80 0.96 8.00 10.17 0.09 0.01 0.20 0.04 0.80 0.72 8.52 24.02 2004 18.71 20.78 2.23 1.15 8.37 11.41 0.10 0.02 0.24 0.04 0.93 0.65 10.62 29.15 Textiles 2003 5.59 3.53 2.68 0.58 1.08 3.57 0.03 0.07 0.06 0.20 0.12 0.50 1.32 9.80 2004 6.10 3.74 3.10 0.66 1.12 4.00 0.04 0.08 0.07 0.20 0.14 0.57 1.43 11.42 Clothing 2003 2.41 9.01 2.25 11.26 0.34 4.57 0.00 0.77 0.01 2.14 0.05 1.78 0.48 41.74 2004 2.16 8.72 1.91 11.90 0.38 4.49 0.01 0.60 0.01 2.44 0.07 2.04 0.52 45.54 Other manufactures 2003 26.85 26.99 4.19 4.17 23.08 33.27 0.29 0.14 0.57 0.24 1.51 1.26 20.41 91.50 2004 29.04 28.74 4.52 4.49 26.65 37.77 0.39 0.25 0.74 0.26 1.73 1.51 24.58 103.81 Personal and house- 2003 3.39 9.39 0.29 1.99 0.53 5.83 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.05 0.14 0.10 0.98 31.13 hold goods 2004 3.86 9.86 0.30 2.19 0.58 6.03 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.16 0.12 1.00 36.06 Scientific and controlling 2003 7.61 6.52 1.24 0.98 10.64 8.80 0.14 0.03 0.27 0.02 0.80 0.45 10.27 7.22 instruments 2004 8.47 6.73 1.38 0.96 12.17 11.55 0.16 0.03 0.35 0.02 0.94 0.59 13.05 9.03 Miscellaneous 2003 15.86 11.08 2.661.20 11.90 18.64 0.14 0.10 0.26 0.17 0.56 0.71 9.1653.15 manufactures 2004 16.71 12.16 2.84 1.33 13.89 20.19 0.21 0.20 0.35 0.18 0.63 0.80 10.53 58.71 Total merchandise a 2003 267.31 367.32 51.38 83.97 168.52 282.57 3.69 10.39 10.67 33.87 19.35 43.98 202.49 483.00 2004 300.35 417.58 60.65 105.20 188.58 317.41 4.83 14.87 13.48 48.33 23.51 54.24 226.27 567.64

224 Table A16 (continued) Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - United States

(Billion dollars)

EU (25) Canada Mexico China Japan Korea, Republic of World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 10.08 14.45 13.01 21.19 9.02 7.75 6.18 2.84 12.16 0.67 3.81 0.49 76.24 77.27 2004 10.51 15.82 13.72 24.95 9.79 8.81 7.21 3.46 11.46 0.71 3.37 0.54 79.57 88.11 Food 2003 6.87 12.72 10.29 12.65 7.10 7.35 3.76 2.25 10.66 0.48 2.69 0.27 58.51 60.76 2004 7.10 13.58 10.81 13.83 7.63 8.36 3.72 2.67 9.97 0.50 2.28 0.30 59.71 66.73 Fish 2003 0.60 0.22 0.73 2.14 0.09 0.41 0.19 1.21 1.00 0.17 0.38 0.07 3.28 11.59 2004 0.81 0.23 0.77 2.14 0.08 0.45 0.27 1.32 1.08 0.15 0.34 0.07 3.72 11.88 Other food products 2003 6.27 12.50 9.57 10.51 7.01 6.93 3.57 1.04 9.66 0.31 2.30 0.19 55.23 49.17 2004 6.29 13.35 10.05 11.69 7.55 7.90 3.46 1.35 8.89 0.35 1.94 0.23 55.99 54.85 Raw materials 2003 3.21 1.73 2.72 8.54 1.92 0.41 2.42 0.59 1.50 0.19 1.12 0.22 17.74 16.51 2004 3.41 2.24 2.91 11.12 2.16 0.46 3.49 0.80 1.49 0.21 1.09 0.24 19.85 21.38 Fuels and mining product 2003 4.21 14.99 7.84 50.09 4.50 17.26 2.06 1.08 1.48 0.68 1.17 0.56 28.20 185.46 2004 6.07 20.72 10.24 60.38 5.69 22.16 2.85 2.08 1.97 0.91 1.68 1.01 37.53 247.05 Ores and other minerals 2003 1.49 0.55 1.57 1.63 0.47 0.40 1.61 0.28 0.47 0.06 0.61 0.02 7.38 5.08 2004 2.01 1.03 1.79 2.15 0.59 0.58 2.29 0.38 0.56 0.08 0.83 0.04 9.72 6.81 Fuels 2003 1.19 12.06 4.07 42.02 2.88 15.99 0.13 0.50 0.59 0.27 0.32 0.43 14.05 163.25 2004 2.33 16.38 5.60 49.71 3.32 20.36 0.22 1.12 0.91 0.36 0.45 0.84 18.92 216.38 Non-ferrous metals 2003 1.53 2.38 2.19 6.44 1.15 0.87 0.32 0.30 0.42 0.35 0.24 0.11 6.77 17.12 2004 1.73 3.31 2.85 8.52 1.77 1.22 0.33 0.58 0.50 0.47 0.41 0.13 8.89 23.87 Manufactures 2003 133.07 217.64 142.92 140.69 80.22 108.69 19.91 157.47 36.74 116.25 18.53 36.54 589.17 989.92 2004 149.98 240.76 158.35 158.26 91.34 120.19 24.31 202.54 39.06 127.92 20.60 45.37 668.67 1133.89 Iron and steel 2003 0.77 3.02 3.13 2.97 1.26 1.39 0.45 0.53 0.09 0.89 0.07 0.56 6.77 13.86 2004 0.70 5.43 4.69 4.08 1.53 2.60 0.27 1.76 0.11 1.21 0.10 1.12 8.71 28.12 Chemicals 2003 28.68 57.63 17.89 13.83 9.91 2.22 3.62 3.28 6.80 8.24 3.40 0.98 94.14 103.85 2004 34.48 63.15 20.05 17.08 12.23 2.93 4.73 4.08 7.70 8.59 4.60 1.28 112.86 116.10 Pharmaceuticals 2003 10.97 23.47 2.75 1.86 0.56 0.27 0.15 0.46 1.20 2.41 0.16 0.02 19.20 31.74 2004 14.76 26.52 2.86 2.13 0.63 0.47 0.13 0.55 1.33 2.26 0.19 0.02 23.98 35.37 Other chemicals 2003 17.71 34.15 15.14 11.97 9.35 1.96 3.47 2.82 5.60 5.83 3.23 0.96 74.94 72.11 2004 19.72 36.63 17.19 14.95 11.60 2.46 4.61 3.53 6.37 6.34 4.41 1.26 88.88 80.73 Other semi-manufactures 2003 6.94 17.78 14.77 22.66 7.47 5.84 0.98 13.55 1.84 5.34 0.67 1.97 43.26 91.06 2004 7.65 20.23 15.98 26.08 8.80 6.86 1.31 17.40 1.97 5.88 0.66 2.30 49.12 107.32 Machinery and transport 2003 74.55 104.62 86.73 84.72 47.21 76.22 12.55 63.50 20.23 90.69 12.30 28.39 351.67 534.06 equipment 2004 81.71 113.02 95.32 93.40 53.88 84.23 15.02 90.09 21.11 99.83 12.67 35.96 393.29 609.13 Office and telecom 2003 21.27 13.09 14.72 5.80 16.50 23.11 4.73 42.72 6.91 21.04 6.26 15.38 112.52 180.55 equipment 2004 22.31 12.75 17.03 6.57 18.84 26.72 5.44 63.01 6.71 22.86 6.03 19.24 121.29 212.91 EDP and office 2003 11.36 5.61 7.29 1.66 6.70 7.54 1.27 24.33 2.68 9.19 0.79 3.87 41.05 82.43 equipment 2004 11.19 5.74 8.03 1.88 8.23 7.75 1.40 36.58 2.55 9.48 0.70 4.06 43.95 95.64 Telecommunications 2003 5.06 4.51 5.01 3.08 3.74 14.31 0.98 17.47 1.72 9.01 0.78 8.09 23.70 72.51 equipment 2004 6.15 4.23 5.82 3.49 4.16 17.60 1.10 25.02 1.76 10.05 0.73 11.16 28.07 89.44 Integrated circuits 2003 4.86 2.97 2.42 1.07 6.06 1.25 2.47 0.92 2.50 2.83 4.70 3.42 47.77 25.61 2004 4.97 2.78 3.18 1.20 6.45 1.38 2.94 1.41 2.40 3.33 4.60 4.02 49.27 27.82 Transport equipment 2003 25.05 49.73 45.78 63.80 13.05 29.74 3.16 3.14 7.35 50.09 2.25 9.28 120.23 215.24 2004 28.38 52.00 49.30 69.87 15.12 31.67 2.85 4.34 6.98 53.12 2.34 12.17 131.54 234.15 Automotive products 2003 9.27 39.87 39.55 54.97 11.26 27.73 0.56 1.36 1.87 43.74 0.33 9.00 69.24 181.28 2004 9.84 41.91 42.20 61.79 12.96 29.02 0.66 1.96 1.48 45.73 0.46 11.28 76.42 197.00 Other transport 2003 15.78 9.86 6.24 8.84 1.78 2.01 2.59 1.78 5.48 6.35 1.92 0.28 50.99 33.96 equipment 2004 18.54 10.09 7.10 8.08 2.16 2.65 2.19 2.37 5.50 7.39 1.88 0.89 55.13 37.15 Other machinery 2003 28.23 41.81 26.22 15.11 17.66 23.37 4.66 17.64 5.97 19.57 3.78 3.73 118.91 138.27 2004 31.01 48.27 28.99 16.95 19.92 25.83 6.73 22.75 7.42 23.86 4.30 4.55 140.45 162.07 Power generating 2003 8.71 7.95 2.82 2.37 1.63 2.35 0.53 0.73 1.23 1.64 0.49 0.42 21.00 16.83 machinery 2004 10.08 8.22 3.12 2.47 1.58 2.45 0.81 0.96 1.43 1.91 0.71 0.37 25.02 17.86 Non-electrical 2003 11.84 24.42 15.88 9.04 6.87 5.80 2.93 5.42 2.85 12.70 2.22 1.67 61.80 66.60 machinery 2004 12.92 29.41 17.60 10.24 7.91 6.85 4.28 7.30 3.68 15.76 2.54 2.15 74.24 81.01 Electrical machinery 2003 7.69 9.44 7.53 3.70 9.16 15.22 1.20 11.49 1.89 5.23 1.07 1.63 36.11 54.84 2004 8.01 10.65 8.27 4.24 10.43 16.54 1.65 14.50 2.31 6.19 1.05 2.03 41.20 63.20 Textiles 2003 1.04 2.88 2.43 1.95 3.15 1.58 0.25 3.62 0.23 0.53 0.14 1.01 10.89 18.25 2004 1.08 3.18 2.57 2.04 3.52 1.69 0.29 4.60 0.25 0.60 0.14 1.02 11.99 20.66 Clothing 2003 0.32 2.86 0.75 1.76 1.65 7.26 0.02 12.02 0.28 0.26 0.04 2.04 5.54 71.28 2004 0.35 2.85 0.85 1.72 1.30 7.00 0.03 14.39 0.30 0.34 0.04 2.05 5.06 75.73 Other manufactures 2003 20.77 28.84 17.22 12.80 9.57 14.19 2.04 60.97 7.27 10.30 1.91 1.60 76.91 157.57 Appendix tables 2004 24.01 32.89 18.89 13.86 10.07 14.88 2.65 70.21 7.60 11.46 2.38 1.64 87.64 176.83 Personal and house- 2003 0.50 5.53 2.44 4.74 0.94 4.65 0.10 25.08 0.52 0.16 0.09 0.17 5.40 48.50 hold goods 2004 0.54 5.67 2.96 5.20 0.88 4.66 0.10 29.33 0.49 0.21 0.10 0.16 5.95 54.33 Scientific and controlling 2003 10.00 8.10 4.72 1.42 2.88 5.10 1.17 1.76 3.58 3.26 0.96 0.16 30.98 24.03 instruments 2004 11.58 10.70 5.29 1.63 3.17 5.10 1.57 2.30 3.98 4.11 1.34 0.18 36.52 28.92 Miscellaneous 2003 10.27 15.21 10.066.64 5.75 4.44 0.77 34.14 3.17 6.89 0.87 1.27 40.5385.04 manufactures 2004 11.88 16.52 10.63 7.03 6.03 5.13 0.98 38.58 3.14 7.14 0.95 1.29 45.17 93.58 Total merchandise a 2003 154.36 260.08 169.45 227.60 97.45 139.70 28.42 163.25 52.06 121.23 24.10 38.34 723.61 1305.09 2004 172.87 290.87 189.10 259.73 110.78 157.82 34.72 210.52 54.40 133.34 26.33 47.81 817.91 1525.27 a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

225 Table A17 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Brazil

(Billion dollars)

North South & Central America America Europe CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 2.77 0.63 1.27 2.68 10.29 0.69 1.55 0.01 1.30 0.08 1.99 0.01 5.03 0.41 2004 3.23 0.59 1.68 2.50 12.60 0.75 1.81 0.01 2.05 0.04 2.58 0.01 6.91 0.53 Food 2003 1.89 0.32 1.02 2.50 9.12 0.54 1.55 0.01 1.27 0.06 1.96 0.01 4.07 0.19 2004 2.25 0.17 1.40 2.28 11.19 0.58 1.80 0.00 2.01 0.03 2.57 0.01 5.73 0.21 Fish 2003 0.20 0.00 0.01 0.12 0.18 0.08 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 2004 0.17 0.00 0.01 0.14 0.21 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.01 Other food products 2003 1.69 0.32 1.01 2.39 8.94 0.46 1.55 0.00 1.26 0.05 1.96 0.01 4.05 0.18 2004 2.08 0.17 1.39 2.14 10.98 0.47 1.80 0.00 2.01 0.02 2.57 0.01 5.70 0.21 Raw materials 2003 0.88 0.31 0.25 0.18 1.18 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.96 0.22 2004 0.98 0.42 0.27 0.23 1.41 0.17 0.01 0.01 0.04 0.01 0.02 0.01 1.18 0.32 Fuels and mining products 2003 2.38 0.69 1.33 2.71 2.93 0.93 0.04 0.11 0.33 2.94 0.32 1.26 2.73 1.03 2004 2.68 0.98 2.35 3.96 3.59 0.77 0.02 0.20 0.41 5.84 0.39 1.85 3.62 1.25 Ores and other minerals 2003 0.37 0.13 0.33 0.36 1.68 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.18 0.05 0.13 0.04 1.72 0.01 2004 0.49 0.16 0.48 0.76 2.30 0.07 0.02 0.03 0.24 0.09 0.20 0.05 2.49 0.02 Fuels 2003 1.62 0.44 0.84 1.90 0.54 0.62 0.00 0.02 0.12 2.85 0.16 1.22 0.53 0.97 2004 1.36 0.69 1.59 2.45 0.59 0.41 0.00 0.09 0.14 5.69 0.14 1.80 0.60 1.14 Non-ferrous metals 2003 0.39 0.12 0.16 0.45 0.71 0.27 0.00 0.08 0.03 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.49 0.04 2004 0.82 0.13 0.28 0.75 0.70 0.29 0.00 0.08 0.03 0.06 0.06 0.00 0.53 0.09 Manufactures 2003 15.14 10.24 9.43 3.00 6.56 13.41 0.10 0.59 1.22 0.37 0.49 0.34 4.25 8.40 2004 19.11 12.06 14.68 3.85 9.81 15.93 0.16 1.21 1.77 0.51 0.58 0.53 4.46 11.82 Iron and steel 2003 1.43 0.08 0.72 0.11 0.72 0.29 0.01 0.01 0.13 0.03 0.07 0.00 1.91 0.07 2004 2.91 0.11 1.25 0.10 0.97 0.37 0.01 0.05 0.24 0.04 0.05 0.00 1.66 0.10 Chemicals 2003 0.85 3.40 1.88 1.22 0.93 4.08 0.02 0.57 0.16 0.28 0.05 0.27 0.50 1.05 2004 1.11 4.40 2.52 1.62 1.09 5.05 0.04 1.14 0.23 0.39 0.07 0.43 0.69 1.40 Pharmaceuticals 2003 0.05 0.48 0.20 0.09 0.04 1.13 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.18 2004 0.08 0.56 0.22 0.11 0.06 1.26 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.24 Other chemicals 2003 0.80 2.92 1.68 1.13 0.89 2.95 0.02 0.57 0.16 0.28 0.05 0.26 0.49 0.87 2004 1.03 3.84 2.30 1.51 1.02 3.79 0.04 1.14 0.22 0.38 0.07 0.42 0.68 1.15 Other semi-manufactures 2003 2.15 0.62 1.46 0.35 1.54 1.09 0.01 0.00 0.25 0.02 0.11 0.01 0.69 0.42 2004 2.96 0.80 1.90 0.43 1.80 1.35 0.02 0.01 0.25 0.04 0.10 0.02 0.86 0.58 Machinery and transport 2003 8.44 5.17 4.20 1.05 2.44 6.78 0.05 0.01 0.62 0.03 0.22 0.05 1.01 5.55 equipment 2004 9.57 5.61 7.46 1.34 4.75 7.77 0.08 0.01 0.96 0.03 0.29 0.06 1.08 7.84 Office and telecom 2003 1.44 1.38 0.45 0.07 0.16 0.77 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.06 2.86 equipment 2004 0.73 1.60 0.84 0.10 0.33 1.03 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.05 4.38 EDP and office 2003 0.11 0.56 0.13 0.01 0.02 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.61 equipment 2004 0.10 0.61 0.18 0.01 0.03 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.86 Telecommunications 2003 1.24 0.42 0.30 0.02 0.07 0.38 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.86 equipment 2004 0.55 0.48 0.64 0.02 0.22 0.60 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.02 1.54 Integrated circuits 2003 0.09 0.40 0.01 0.04 0.07 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 1.38 2004 0.08 0.51 0.03 0.07 0.08 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 1.99 Transport equipment 2003 5.20 0.80 2.08 0.77 1.29 2.10 0.02 0.00 0.41 0.02 0.10 0.00 0.59 0.77 2004 6.45 1.07 3.90 1.02 3.06 2.26 0.05 0.00 0.60 0.01 0.18 0.01 0.57 0.99 Automotive products 2003 2.96 0.42 1.87 0.70 0.72 1.41 0.00 0.00 0.38 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.50 0.42 2004 3.05 0.47 3.61 0.94 0.84 1.39 0.03 0.00 0.54 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.44 0.60 Other transport 2003 2.24 0.38 0.20 0.07 0.56 0.68 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.09 0.35 equipment 2004 3.39 0.60 0.29 0.08 2.21 0.87 0.02 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.14 0.39 Other machinery 2003 1.80 2.99 1.68 0.21 0.99 3.92 0.02 0.01 0.20 0.00 0.11 0.02 0.36 1.92 2004 2.40 2.94 2.72 0.22 1.36 4.49 0.03 0.01 0.31 0.01 0.11 0.03 0.45 2.47 Power generating 2003 0.26 1.23 0.09 0.01 0.11 0.37 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.24 machinery 2004 0.26 0.92 0.11 0.01 0.19 0.36 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.11 Non-electrical 2003 1.27 1.23 1.17 0.17 0.72 2.72 0.02 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.09 0.01 0.24 0.81 machinery 2004 1.78 1.36 1.99 0.17 0.96 3.15 0.02 0.01 0.23 0.00 0.08 0.01 0.31 1.07 Electrical machinery 2003 0.28 0.53 0.42 0.04 0.15 0.83 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.87 2004 0.36 0.66 0.62 0.05 0.21 0.98 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.09 1.29 Textiles 2003 0.38 0.11 0.48 0.11 0.18 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.43 2004 0.43 0.13 0.58 0.15 0.17 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.62 Clothing 2003 0.17 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.05 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 2004 0.15 0.01 0.09 0.01 0.09 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.17 Other manufactures 2003 1.72 0.85 0.63 0.16 0.69 0.99 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.09 0.76 Appendix tables 2004 1.98 1.01 0.87 0.20 0.93 1.19 0.01 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.11 1.12 Personal and 2003 1.40 0.03 0.28 0.01 0.52 0.08 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.09 household goods 2004 1.59 0.05 0.42 0.01 0.71 0.09 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.05 0.13 Scientific and 2003 0.10 0.49 0.07 0.04 0.05 0.51 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.33 controlling instruments 2004 0.12 0.60 0.11 0.05 0.06 0.63 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.50 Miscellaneous 2003 0.21 0.33 0.27 0.12 0.13 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.34 manufactures 2004 0.27 0.35 0.35 0.14 0.15 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.49 Total merchandise a 2003 20.62 11.56 12.09 8.39 19.87 15.03 1.69 0.71 2.86 3.39 2.81 1.61 12.02 9.84 2004 25.46 13.63 18.73 10.32 26.04 17.45 1.99 1.42 4.23 6.39 3.56 2.39 14.99 13.60

226 Table A17 (continued) Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Brazil

(Billion dollars)

EU (25) United States Argentina China Japan Mexico World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 9.63 0.59 2.41 0.55 0.37 1.69 2.09 0.04 0.99 0.02 0.12 0.01 24.21 4.52 2004 11.61 0.60 2.74 0.53 0.37 1.70 2.73 0.04 1.26 0.02 0.23 0.02 30.85 4.45 Food 2003 8.54 0.45 1.58 0.25 0.25 1.61 1.67 0.03 0.76 0.00 0.09 0.01 20.88 3.63 2004 10.29 0.45 1.80 0.14 0.26 1.61 2.30 0.03 1.02 0.00 0.21 0.01 26.94 3.29 Fish 2003 0.18 0.01 0.20 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.42 0.22 2004 0.21 0.02 0.17 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.43 0.27 Other food products 2003 8.36 0.43 1.38 0.25 0.25 1.56 1.67 0.03 0.75 0.00 0.09 0.01 20.46 3.41 2004 10.08 0.43 1.63 0.14 0.25 1.55 2.30 0.03 1.00 0.00 0.21 0.01 26.52 3.02 Raw materials 2003 1.10 0.14 0.82 0.30 0.12 0.08 0.42 0.01 0.23 0.01 0.03 0.00 3.33 0.89 2004 1.32 0.15 0.93 0.39 0.11 0.09 0.43 0.01 0.24 0.01 0.02 0.01 3.91 1.16 Fuels and mining products 2003 2.54 0.74 2.20 0.49 0.31 1.03 0.90 0.37 0.92 0.06 0.07 0.01 10.04 9.67 2004 3.13 0.68 2.41 0.75 0.49 1.29 1.51 0.45 1.03 0.12 0.10 0.02 13.06 14.85 Ores and other minerals 2003 1.40 0.04 0.21 0.04 0.23 0.05 0.84 0.01 0.49 0.00 0.06 0.01 4.44 0.65 2004 1.93 0.07 0.27 0.07 0.31 0.07 1.27 0.01 0.56 0.00 0.07 0.01 6.22 1.19 Fuels 2003 0.54 0.45 1.62 0.34 0.02 0.94 0.02 0.35 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 3.80 8.01 2004 0.59 0.33 1.35 0.57 0.07 1.17 0.22 0.41 0.00 0.10 0.01 0.00 4.4212.26 Non-ferrous metals 2003 0.61 0.25 0.37 0.10 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.42 0.01 0.01 0.00 1.80 1.01 2004 0.61 0.28 0.79 0.11 0.11 0.05 0.02 0.03 0.47 0.01 0.02 0.00 2.42 1.39 Manufactures 2003 6.23 12.27 11.96 9.12 3.88 2.23 1.54 1.92 0.40 2.56 2.55 0.54 37.19 36.64 2004 9.39 14.57 14.73 10.65 6.51 2.91 1.19 3.56 0.47 2.88 3.61 0.70 50.57 46.02 Iron and steel 2003 0.68 0.28 1.08 0.08 0.17 0.09 0.76 0.01 0.13 0.04 0.18 0.00 4.98 0.60 2004 0.95 0.35 2.28 0.10 0.38 0.07 0.42 0.03 0.14 0.03 0.34 0.00 7.09 0.77 Chemicals 2003 0.88 3.60 0.69 2.98 0.92 0.84 0.09 0.33 0.13 0.27 0.13 0.18 4.3911.04 2004 1.01 4.53 0.90 3.79 1.23 1.15 0.09 0.48 0.17 0.32 0.17 0.25 5.7514.45 Pharmaceuticals 2003 0.04 0.92 0.01 0.40 0.07 0.06 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.31 1.89 2004 0.06 1.02 0.03 0.46 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.39 2.20 Other chemicals 2003 0.84 2.68 0.68 2.58 0.85 0.79 0.09 0.28 0.13 0.24 0.09 0.12 4.08 9.16 2004 0.95 3.51 0.87 3.33 1.16 1.08 0.08 0.40 0.17 0.30 0.12 0.18 5.3512.25 Other semi-manufactures 2003 1.50 1.04 1.85 0.48 0.47 0.20 0.20 0.08 0.05 0.16 0.19 0.02 6.22 2.53 2004 1.73 1.26 2.58 0.63 0.61 0.25 0.26 0.17 0.06 0.18 0.25 0.03 7.90 3.24 Machinery and transport 2003 2.28 6.26 6.31 4.69 1.85 0.93 0.46 1.05 0.05 1.90 1.92 0.30 16.97 18.72 equipment 2004 4.55 7.14 6.69 5.07 3.66 1.20 0.41 2.07 0.05 2.14 2.68 0.38 24.19 22.74 Office and telecom 2003 0.12 0.74 1.33 1.21 0.19 0.02 0.03 0.66 0.00 0.45 0.10 0.11 2.12 5.10 equipment 2004 0.28 1.00 0.65 1.35 0.51 0.02 0.03 1.29 0.00 0.49 0.08 0.19 2.02 7.14 EDP and office 2003 0.02 0.18 0.09 0.51 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.13 0.02 0.04 0.27 1.38 equipment 2004 0.03 0.15 0.08 0.56 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.16 0.02 0.04 0.33 1.64 Telecommunications 2003 0.06 0.37 1.18 0.33 0.12 0.01 0.01 0.37 0.00 0.10 0.05 0.04 1.64 1.69 equipment 2004 0.22 0.58 0.51 0.38 0.38 0.02 0.01 0.74 0.00 0.12 0.03 0.06 1.47 2.65 Integrated circuits 2003 0.04 0.20 0.06 0.36 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.13 0.00 0.22 0.03 0.04 0.21 2.04 2004 0.04 0.26 0.06 0.41 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.25 0.00 0.21 0.03 0.10 0.21 2.85 Transport equipment 2003 1.23 1.98 3.54 0.66 1.04 0.72 0.33 0.03 0.01 0.53 1.53 0.12 9.69 4.49 2004 3.01 2.14 4.17 0.94 2.14 0.98 0.24 0.11 0.02 0.71 2.18 0.11 14.80 5.42 Automotive products 2003 0.69 1.35 1.39 0.29 0.97 0.67 0.27 0.00 0.00 0.34 1.46 0.12 6.53 2.98 2004 0.80 1.33 1.17 0.36 2.05 0.92 0.16 0.02 0.01 0.46 1.80 0.10 8.68 3.46 Other transport 2003 0.54 0.64 2.15 0.36 0.06 0.05 0.06 0.03 0.01 0.19 0.07 0.01 3.16 1.50 equipment 2004 2.21 0.81 2.99 0.58 0.09 0.06 0.08 0.09 0.01 0.25 0.38 0.01 6.12 1.96 Other machinery 2003 0.93 3.53 1.43 2.82 0.62 0.19 0.11 0.35 0.04 0.92 0.29 0.06 5.16 9.12 2004 1.26 4.01 1.88 2.79 1.02 0.20 0.14 0.67 0.03 0.94 0.42 0.07 7.3710.18 Power generating 2003 0.10 0.26 0.20 1.22 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.18 0.04 0.00 0.52 1.85 machinery 2004 0.18 0.26 0.21 0.91 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.03 0.00 0.64 1.41 Non-electrical machinery 2003 0.68 2.50 1.02 1.14 0.42 0.15 0.08 0.09 0.03 0.50 0.20 0.03 3.67 4.99 2004 0.88 2.82 1.40 1.29 0.71 0.15 0.11 0.17 0.02 0.63 0.32 0.03 5.37 5.78 Electrical machinery 2003 0.15 0.77 0.21 0.46 0.18 0.03 0.02 0.25 0.00 0.23 0.05 0.03 0.97 2.28 2004 0.20 0.92 0.27 0.59 0.27 0.04 0.02 0.47 0.00 0.27 0.06 0.04 1.36 2.99 Textiles 2003 0.17 0.14 0.33 0.10 0.24 0.08 0.01 0.11 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 1.11 0.81 2004 0.16 0.16 0.37 0.12 0.29 0.11 0.00 0.19 0.03 0.01 0.04 0.00 1.24 1.08 Clothing 2003 0.05 0.02 0.15 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.30 0.15 2004 0.09 0.02 0.14 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.35 0.21 Other manufactures 2003 0.67 0.93 1.55 0.79 0.20 0.08 0.01 0.29 0.02 0.18 0.11 0.03 3.22 2.78 2004 0.89 1.11 1.76 0.94 0.30 0.12 0.02 0.53 0.02 0.19 0.14 0.04 4.04 3.53 Personal and 2003 0.51 0.07 1.29 0.03 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.00 2.30 0.21 Appendix tables household goods 2004 0.70 0.09 1.44 0.05 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.09 0.00 2.86 0.28 Scientific and 2003 0.04 0.48 0.09 0.45 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.10 0.00 0.09 0.01 0.02 0.26 1.37 controlling instruments 2004 0.06 0.59 0.10 0.56 0.03 0.04 0.01 0.19 0.00 0.10 0.02 0.02 0.34 1.79 Miscellaneous 2003 0.12 0.38 0.17 0.31 0.09 0.05 0.00 0.12 0.01 0.08 0.03 0.02 0.66 1.20 manufactures 2004 0.14 0.43 0.22 0.33 0.12 0.07 0.00 0.24 0.01 0.09 0.03 0.02 0.85 1.45 Total merchandise a 2003 18.50 13.60 16.90 10.17 4.56 4.95 4.53 2.33 2.31 2.63 2.74 0.56 73.08 50.82 2004 24.17 15.86 20.32 11.93 7.37 5.89 5.44 4.05 2.76 3.01 3.95 0.74 95.00 65.32 a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: Imports are valued f.o.b. For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

227 Table A18 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - European Union (25)

(Billion dollars)

North South & Central America America Europe CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 16.29 14.96 2.62 26.35 247.96 248.70 6.41 4.55 8.89 15.49 5.73 1.93 15.19 19.63 2004 17.86 15.70 2.66 30.57 281.17 280.34 7.73 5.03 9.72 16.71 5.99 2.30 18.21 22.69 Food 2003 14.51 9.80 2.38 23.63 208.04 208.53 5.76 1.75 7.68 12.58 5.20 1.42 11.15 14.52 2004 15.56 10.22 2.39 27.33 236.01 236.01 6.92 1.76 8.28 13.42 5.35 1.74 12.98 16.65 Fish 2003 0.26 1.00 0.07 2.36 13.14 16.81 0.32 0.46 0.52 3.01 0.05 0.12 0.71 2.85 2004 0.24 1.20 0.08 2.44 14.64 18.73 0.34 0.43 0.56 3.13 0.05 0.13 0.89 3.13 Other food products 2003 14.25 8.80 2.31 21.27 194.90 191.72 5.44 1.29 7.16 9.57 5.15 1.29 10.44 11.67 2004 15.33 9.03 2.31 24.89 221.37 217.29 6.58 1.34 7.71 10.29 5.30 1.61 12.09 13.53 Raw materials 2003 1.78 5.16 0.24 2.72 39.92 40.16 0.65 2.80 1.21 2.91 0.52 0.51 4.04 5.10 2004 2.30 5.48 0.28 3.24 45.16 44.33 0.81 3.26 1.44 3.29 0.64 0.57 5.24 6.03 Fuels and mining products 2003 15.66 8.82 1.07 10.09 148.50 181.44 1.10 61.39 3.51 41.93 1.70 27.68 6.06 8.83 2004 21.85 12.63 1.30 15.58 185.13 224.31 1.40 82.02 5.11 50.72 2.49 37.38 8.46 12.03 Ores and other minerals 2003 0.78 3.02 0.09 3.99 17.23 19.49 0.17 2.22 0.31 2.30 0.25 0.28 2.52 3.30 2004 1.20 4.04 0.14 6.28 24.82 25.62 0.15 4.14 0.41 2.97 0.39 0.38 3.56 3.70 Fuels 2003 12.14 3.62 0.57 3.01 94.43 120.99 0.43 54.07 2.59 37.65 0.76 27.05 0.75 3.73 2004 16.71 5.94 0.66 3.97 113.99 147.45 0.55 71.14 3.95 45.06 1.23 36.56 1.12 5.65 Non-ferrous metals 2003 2.74 2.17 0.41 3.10 36.85 40.95 0.49 5.10 0.61 1.97 0.69 0.35 2.80 1.80 2004 3.95 2.65 0.50 5.33 46.32 51.24 0.70 6.74 0.75 2.70 0.88 0.43 3.78 2.68 Manufactures 2003 260.27 175.59 35.05 16.26 1866.14 1812.29 51.30 14.77 64.60 28.71 67.12 15.00 206.60 347.90 2004 292.91 193.01 42.50 19.98 2187.28 2124.01 71.10 21.01 76.40 33.11 82.74 19.40 253.12 425.67 Iron and steel 2003 4.21 1.05 0.87 1.74 68.31 68.16 0.84 3.79 2.12 1.46 2.49 0.15 5.30 2.36 2004 6.97 0.95 1.14 2.21 96.73 95.77 1.23 7.49 2.70 2.63 3.24 0.42 6.47 4.20 Chemicals 2003 59.42 34.84 7.27 1.96 330.03 325.04 8.37 3.91 9.59 2.06 8.89 3.47 33.53 19.52 2004 65.94 41.28 8.81 2.07 396.21 388.73 11.24 5.02 11.42 2.34 10.41 4.58 41.75 23.62 Pharmaceuticals 2003 24.94 15.32 2.20 0.11 100.62 103.29 2.16 0.02 3.35 0.05 2.71 0.49 9.66 3.08 2004 28.82 18.70 2.48 0.13 121.79 122.63 2.97 0.02 3.94 0.06 3.01 0.61 11.43 3.70 Other chemicals 2003 34.48 19.51 5.07 1.85 229.42 221.75 6.21 3.89 6.25 2.01 6.18 2.98 23.88 16.43 2004 37.12 22.58 6.34 1.94 274.41 266.10 8.27 5.01 7.48 2.28 7.40 3.97 30.32 19.92 Other semi-manufactures 2003 19.87 9.19 2.92 2.42 211.56 204.00 6.11 2.88 6.39 6.64 8.99 3.19 22.93 23.08 2004 22.96 10.09 3.69 2.77 245.23 236.08 8.28 3.69 7.62 7.91 11.29 4.14 26.50 28.61 Machinery and transport 2003 136.22 103.34 20.52 8.50 932.87 890.42 26.54 2.17 36.13 8.34 38.12 5.35 114.05 204.41 equipment 2004 150.83 110.14 24.77 10.95 1085.83 1037.45 38.25 2.53 42.91 9.09 48.09 6.92 140.54 252.49 Office and telecom 2003 18.47 26.47 1.89 2.04 209.02 190.06 6.54 0.20 5.95 0.66 8.12 2.00 27.30 113.61 equipment 2004 19.51 27.14 2.94 2.78 233.29 222.03 9.71 0.21 7.56 0.82 10.70 2.91 32.58 140.29 EDP and office 2003 7.33 14.34 0.32 0.10 96.64 85.76 2.44 0.06 2.16 0.09 2.24 0.43 6.01 54.12 equipment 2004 7.76 14.80 0.42 0.08 106.33 99.70 3.05 0.05 2.65 0.12 2.76 0.51 6.48 63.62 Telecommunications 2003 6.66 6.17 1.38 0.16 80.01 75.58 3.60 0.12 3.21 0.25 5.47 1.50 8.74 36.69 equipment 2004 6.96 6.57 2.16 0.47 89.76 87.20 5.92 0.13 4.17 0.29 7.19 2.26 10.61 51.48 Integrated circuits 2003 4.48 5.96 0.19 1.77 32.37 28.72 0.51 0.02 0.58 0.32 0.40 0.07 12.55 22.81 2004 4.80 5.77 0.37 2.24 37.20 35.14 0.75 0.03 0.74 0.41 0.76 0.13 15.49 25.19 Transport equipment 2003 64.04 38.66 10.20 5.13 417.56 407.84 7.34 1.03 13.52 4.02 12.11 1.31 31.44 42.64 2004 68.93 43.31 11.26 6.27 498.85 476.65 9.83 1.20 15.34 3.99 15.56 1.45 37.29 49.63 Automotive products 2003 44.58 9.34 3.17 0.84 315.65 306.50 5.38 0.17 8.15 1.34 6.78 0.08 19.80 25.85 2004 47.96 9.80 3.83 0.93 371.45 353.99 6.60 0.18 9.88 1.47 9.03 0.09 21.86 30.91 Other transport 2003 19.46 29.31 7.02 4.29 101.91 101.34 1.96 0.86 5.37 2.68 5.34 1.23 11.64 16.79 equipment 2004 20.97 33.51 7.43 5.33 127.40 122.66 3.23 1.03 5.45 2.52 6.53 1.36 15.42 18.73 Other machinery 2003 53.71 38.21 8.44 1.33 306.29 292.53 12.66 0.95 16.66 3.66 17.90 2.04 55.31 48.16 2004 62.39 39.70 10.56 1.90 353.70 338.78 18.71 1.12 20.01 4.28 21.83 2.57 70.67 62.57 Power generating 2003 11.78 14.87 1.01 0.30 29.29 28.97 0.55 0.30 2.21 0.33 3.37 0.69 6.54 3.39 machinery 2004 12.73 15.42 1.23 0.48 32.80 31.80 0.72 0.27 2.39 0.37 4.11 0.93 8.79 4.03 Non-electrical 2003 30.11 14.33 5.82 0.74 176.92 167.71 9.03 0.43 10.45 1.45 10.74 0.68 35.55 18.73 machinery 2004 35.62 15.13 7.38 0.99 204.60 193.34 13.33 0.50 12.87 1.65 13.02 0.87 45.94 25.13 Electrical machinery 2003 11.82 9.01 1.61 0.30 100.08 95.85 3.07 0.22 4.01 1.88 3.79 0.66 13.22 26.04 2004 14.03 9.15 1.95 0.43 116.30 113.63 4.67 0.34 4.75 2.25 4.69 0.77 15.94 33.41 Textiles 2003 3.43 1.27 0.42 0.25 50.69 48.70 1.44 0.51 3.89 0.84 0.85 0.69 3.99 9.96 2004 3.93 1.21 0.53 0.24 55.18 52.59 1.72 0.56 4.15 0.99 1.00 0.74 4.50 11.62 Clothing 2003 3.32 0.50 0.21 0.33 57.44 65.88 1.86 0.85 1.14 7.18 1.11 0.51 3.28 31.56 2004 3.48 0.59 0.22 0.42 62.74 73.90 2.43 0.95 1.14 7.68 1.32 0.61 3.48 37.46 Other manufactures 2003 33.81 25.41 2.86 1.07 215.24 210.08 6.19 0.66 5.33 2.19 6.67 1.64 23.53 57.01 2004 38.80 28.75 3.35 1.33 245.37 239.49 8.01 0.76 6.49 2.46 7.40 1.98 29.92 67.65

Appendix tables Personal and 2003 5.93 0.65 0.27 0.64 55.80 54.30 1.78 0.29 0.80 1.34 0.97 0.11 4.14 17.07 household goods 2004 6.36 0.69 0.31 0.84 62.47 61.63 2.26 0.38 0.91 1.45 1.08 0.12 4.59 21.35 Scientific and 2003 10.60 12.68 0.99 0.17 39.52 38.46 1.19 0.10 1.71 0.26 2.22 0.55 8.30 6.33 controlling instruments 2004 13.42 14.31 1.21 0.19 45.55 44.38 1.57 0.11 2.20 0.32 2.43 0.71 10.45 7.67 Miscellaneous 2003 17.28 12.07 1.56 0.26 119.93 117.33 3.15 0.26 2.82 0.59 3.46 0.98 11.07 33.61 manufactures 2004 19.01 13.75 1.82 0.31 137.34 133.48 4.11 0.27 3.36 0.68 3.88 1.15 14.84 38.63 Total merchandise a 2003 295.63 202.85 39.65 54.38 2315.04 2288.96 59.49 82.81 77.72 89.36 76.15 45.19 232.06 380.83 2004 335.58 224.85 47.67 67.70 2747.53 2723.52 81.02 112.36 92.42 103.06 92.61 59.38 283.63 463.04

228 Table A18 (continued) Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - European Union (25)

(Billion dollars)

Intra-EU (25) Extra-EU (25) United States China Switzerland Russian Federation World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 234.52 70.05 95.65 13.58 11.19 1.55 3.02 5.22 2.11 4.83 2.88 304.57 332.09 2004 266.11 78.41 107.67 14.96 11.47 2.22 3.65 5.77 2.54 5.88 3.21 344.52 373.78 Food 2003 197.44 58.44 74.10 12.06 7.74 0.61 2.15 4.30 1.70 4.38 0.93 255.88 272.46 2004 224.13 64.23 83.25 12.95 7.84 0.80 2.49 4.73 2.09 5.33 0.85 288.36 307.37 Fish 2003 12.69 2.40 13.95 0.21 0.60 0.14 0.57 0.22 0.00 0.24 0.45 15.09 26.63 2004 14.15 2.67 15.04 0.20 0.75 0.20 0.73 0.24 0.00 0.26 0.40 16.82 29.18 Other food products 2003 184.75 56.03 60.15 11.84 7.14 0.47 1.58 4.08 1.70 4.14 0.48 240.78 245.83 2004 209.98 61.56 68.21 12.75 7.10 0.60 1.76 4.50 2.08 5.07 0.45 271.54 278.19 Raw materials 2003 37.08 11.62 21.56 1.52 3.45 0.94 0.88 0.92 0.42 0.44 1.95 48.69 59.62 2004 41.99 14.18 24.42 2.00 3.63 1.42 1.16 1.04 0.46 0.55 2.36 56.17 66.41 Fuels and mining products 2003 137.10 45.66 215.35 14.05 4.86 1.56 1.84 5.93 3.35 0.65 52.60 182.76 356.02 2004 170.82 60.79 278.68 19.58 7.03 2.48 3.17 6.49 3.73 0.84 68.18 231.61 449.49 Ores and other minerals 2003 15.69 5.72 17.53 0.57 1.65 0.87 0.52 0.44 0.45 0.10 1.34 21.41 35.00 2004 22.84 7.89 24.72 1.02 2.13 1.36 0.82 0.59 0.63 0.08 2.80 30.73 47.56 Fuels 2003 86.98 29.48 176.34 11.01 1.67 0.14 0.77 4.15 1.67 0.22 46.81 116.46 265.06 2004 104.79 38.94 225.28 15.07 3.11 0.13 1.46 4.20 1.65 0.31 59.46 143.73 330.07 Non-ferrous metals 2003 34.43 10.46 21.48 2.47 1.54 0.56 0.55 1.34 1.23 0.32 4.45 44.89 55.96 2004 43.19 13.97 28.68 3.49 1.78 0.99 0.90 1.70 1.45 0.45 5.92 57.16 71.87 Manufactures 2003 1703.78 857.20 718.37 223.27 157.81 41.63 113.97 67.57 58.18 35.52 9.24 2560.98 2414.31 2004 1982.99 1031.41 855.99 251.31 173.71 53.45 150.71 78.87 67.60 48.96 12.88 3014.40 2838.98 Iron and steel 2003 63.09 21.24 14.62 2.99 0.86 1.99 0.46 1.75 0.92 0.47 2.25 84.33 78.94 2004 89.45 29.20 24.34 5.13 0.78 2.13 1.06 2.47 1.22 0.63 4.08 118.65 113.79 Chemicals 2003 300.15 161.23 90.96 52.32 32.65 4.22 4.27 15.31 19.90 5.82 2.99 461.39 391.64 2004 358.93 190.86 109.32 57.95 38.79 5.50 4.98 18.56 24.47 7.89 3.84 549.79 468.25 Pharmaceuticals 2003 90.44 56.70 29.47 21.51 14.60 0.64 0.85 6.53 9.77 1.53 0.01 147.14 122.48 2004 108.98 66.53 36.92 24.87 17.93 0.72 0.91 8.07 12.93 2.12 0.01 175.51 145.90 Other chemicals 2003 209.71 104.54 61.49 30.81 18.05 3.58 3.42 8.77 10.13 4.29 2.99 314.24 269.16 2004 249.95 124.33 72.40 33.07 20.86 4.78 4.07 10.49 11.54 5.76 3.84 374.28 322.35 Other semi-manufactures 2003 192.61 86.86 59.60 16.80 6.88 3.04 8.62 7.54 5.73 4.00 2.21 279.47 251.85 2004 221.95 104.26 71.56 19.47 7.47 3.65 11.89 9.04 6.63 5.52 2.86 326.21 293.51 Machinery and transport 2003 860.67 447.31 370.44 115.49 92.13 29.00 54.25 26.66 18.03 18.68 1.18 1307.99 1224.21 equipment 2004 992.28 541.30 438.78 127.89 98.49 37.62 76.48 29.88 20.03 26.47 1.43 1533.58 1431.06 Office and telecom 2003 195.32 83.01 149.83 16.28 23.50 4.02 35.39 5.60 1.38 5.21 0.07 278.33 335.65 equipment 2004 216.28 100.55 180.48 16.95 23.95 5.46 49.99 6.46 1.72 7.55 0.08 316.83 396.75 EDP and office 2003 90.13 27.17 70.16 6.77 12.83 0.71 18.98 3.37 0.54 1.97 0.02 117.31 155.12 equipment 2004 98.81 31.01 80.35 7.19 13.52 0.87 26.16 3.61 0.60 2.43 0.02 129.82 179.16 Telecommunications 2003 74.73 34.82 48.12 5.23 5.05 2.02 14.77 1.68 0.54 2.83 0.03 109.55 120.68 equipment 2004 82.84 44.04 65.82 5.27 5.01 2.63 21.33 2.08 0.79 4.55 0.03 126.88 148.66 Integrated circuits 2003 30.45 21.02 31.56 4.29 5.62 1.30 1.64 0.55 0.31 0.40 0.02 51.48 59.86 2004 34.63 25.50 34.30 4.49 5.42 1.96 2.49 0.77 0.34 0.56 0.02 60.13 68.93 Transport equipment 2003 390.48 166.16 105.07 54.88 33.59 7.74 2.57 10.05 3.35 4.86 0.50 556.64 501.26 2004 461.78 196.04 121.32 58.96 38.40 8.67 3.27 10.27 3.09 6.24 0.70 657.82 583.09 Automotive products 2003 297.38 106.26 43.66 39.56 7.87 5.08 0.36 5.96 0.92 3.65 0.10 403.64 344.23 2004 344.90 125.89 52.54 42.65 8.35 4.52 0.60 6.71 1.11 4.41 0.10 470.79 397.44 Other transport 2003 93.11 59.90 61.40 15.31 25.72 2.65 2.21 4.10 2.43 1.21 0.40 153.00 157.03 equipment 2004 116.88 70.15 68.78 16.31 30.05 4.15 2.68 3.57 1.98 1.83 0.60 187.03 185.66 Other machinery 2003 274.87 198.14 115.54 44.34 35.03 17.24 16.29 11.00 13.30 8.61 0.61 473.01 387.30 2004 314.22 244.71 136.99 51.99 36.14 23.50 23.22 13.15 15.21 12.68 0.66 558.94 451.21 Power generating 2003 26.69 28.06 21.77 9.99 13.79 1.37 1.02 1.17 1.18 0.30 0.27 54.76 48.89 machinery 2004 29.53 33.26 23.82 10.60 14.08 2.23 1.23 1.43 1.42 0.38 0.23 62.79 53.35 Non-electrical 2003 156.81 122.71 48.41 24.08 13.09 12.29 4.11 6.81 8.67 6.09 0.22 279.51 204.32 machinery 2004 179.72 153.82 57.99 29.14 13.88 16.98 6.90 8.05 9.84 8.96 0.28 333.54 237.72 Electrical machinery 2003 91.37 47.37 45.36 10.27 8.16 3.57 11.16 3.03 3.45 2.22 0.12 138.74 134.09 2004 104.97 57.64 55.17 12.25 8.18 4.29 15.08 3.67 3.95 3.34 0.14 162.61 160.15 Textiles 2003 43.72 21.19 18.38 2.83 1.14 0.45 3.04 1.20 1.21 0.67 0.18 64.91 62.24 2004 46.98 24.31 20.99 3.25 1.07 0.583.92 1.361.22 0.810.19 71.2967.97 Clothing 2003 51.25 17.21 57.10 2.75 0.36 0.09 13.15 2.98 0.68 1.45 0.12 68.46 106.87 2004 55.79 19.13 65.86 2.88 0.41 0.1216.05 3.280.74 1.900.11 74.92121.66 Other manufactures 2003 192.30 102.14 107.27 30.10 23.79 2.85 30.17 12.14 11.71 4.49 0.30 294.44 298.57 2004 217.62 122.33 125.14 34.74 26.69 3.87 36.34 14.27 13.29 5.81 0.37 339.96 342.74 Personal and 2003 49.92 19.86 25.42 5.23 0.55 0.35 8.68 2.83 0.80 1.26 0.10 69.79 74.46

household goods 2004 55.42 22.66 31.08 5.63 0.57 0.35 11.43 3.40 0.97 1.65 0.15 78.08 86.50 Appendix tables Scientific and 2003 35.67 28.99 23.22 9.44 11.81 1.50 1.23 1.72 2.43 0.85 0.05 64.65 58.61 controlling instruments 2004 40.64 36.32 27.10 12.14 13.20 1.95 1.59 2.00 2.87 1.08 0.05 76.96 67.74 Miscellaneous 2003 106.70 53.31 58.64 15.43 11.43 0.99 20.26 7.59 8.49 2.32 0.15 160.00 165.51 manufactures 2004 121.55 63.37 66.96 16.97 12.92 1.54 23.32 8.88 9.45 3.01 0.16 184.91 188.50 Total merchandise a 2003 2125.00 2115.13 998.91 1064.25 253.76 176.64 46.02 119.05 80.18 67.51 41.39 66.39 3123.91 3179.37 2004 2510.44 2510.44 1203.79 1280.55 288.50 194.96 59.20 157.84 93.20 77.58 56.22 88.07 3714.23 3790.99 a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: The figures are affected by the "INTRASTAT" system of recording trade between EU member States. Unspecified products account for 3.6 per cent of total intra-EU trade, (World) imports. For 2003, only intra.EU(15) importsand intra-EU imports are under-recorded. To compensate for this under-recording, intra-EU exports have been used to obtain total have been adjusted. Major trading partners were selected on the basis of 2004 data. See the Technical Notes.

229 Table A19 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - China

(Billion dollars)

North South & Central America America Europe CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 2.47 7.96 0.16 5.72 2.78 2.21 0.68 2.55 0.65 1.11 0.55 0.07 14.86 10.82 2004 2.97 12.34 0.18 7.61 3.13 2.86 0.72 3.32 0.59 1.45 0.44 0.08 16.10 14.56 Food 2003 2.12 4.04 0.14 4.93 2.03 0.91 0.66 0.71 0.62 0.24 0.53 0.03 13.15 4.09 2004 2.49 6.40 0.16 6.42 2.24 1.02 0.70 0.85 0.51 0.23 0.40 0.03 14.32 6.15 Fish 2003 1.12 0.25 0.00 0.05 0.53 0.27 0.06 0.66 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.00 3.51 0.59 2004 1.22 0.39 0.01 0.07 0.70 0.34 0.08 0.78 0.01 0.04 0.00 0.00 4.62 0.72 Other food products 2003 0.99 3.79 0.14 4.88 1.50 0.64 0.60 0.05 0.62 0.21 0.52 0.03 9.64 3.50 2004 1.27 6.01 0.15 6.35 1.54 0.68 0.62 0.07 0.50 0.20 0.40 0.03 9.70 5.43 Raw materials 2003 0.35 3.92 0.02 0.80 0.75 1.29 0.02 1.84 0.03 0.87 0.03 0.03 1.72 6.73 2004 0.48 5.95 0.02 1.19 0.89 1.84 0.02 2.46 0.08 1.22 0.03 0.05 1.78 8.41 Fuels and mining products 2003 1.15 2.24 0.58 4.47 1.83 1.97 0.16 4.18 0.18 5.86 0.22 11.76 13.98 21.04 2004 2.08 4.43 0.96 8.80 3.26 3.66 0.30 7.00 0.22 12.31 0.33 17.74 18.55 33.84 Ores and other minerals 2003 0.23 1.52 0.01 2.68 0.40 0.76 0.04 0.45 0.02 0.60 0.03 0.27 0.80 6.80 2004 0.29 3.18 0.02 5.69 0.58 1.64 0.04 0.99 0.03 1.54 0.02 0.44 0.97 13.50 Fuels 2003 0.60 0.26 0.54 0.42 0.89 0.41 0.08 2.39 0.11 4.94 0.12 11.34 8.76 9.42 2004 1.08 0.49 0.87 1.00 1.75 0.82 0.16 4.70 0.10 10.14 0.14 17.14 10.38 13.69 Non-ferrous metals 2003 0.32 0.46 0.03 1.38 0.54 0.79 0.04 1.33 0.05 0.32 0.07 0.15 4.41 4.83 2004 0.71 0.76 0.07 2.11 0.93 1.20 0.11 1.31 0.09 0.63 0.17 0.16 7.20 6.65 Manufactures 2003 97.92 29.61 7.69 2.96 78.64 54.61 8.45 6.36 9.18 1.10 12.14 2.59 182.95 207.16 2004 133.31 37.39 11.88 3.11 108.24 69.21 12.80 5.90 12.60 1.47 16.07 3.80 247.31 270.13 Iron and steel 2003 0.63 0.76 0.05 1.03 0.52 2.73 0.04 3.31 0.20 0.43 0.23 0.11 3.15 13.48 2004 2.17 0.55 0.16 0.99 1.49 2.81 0.09 2.75 0.37 0.44 0.39 0.11 9.20 15.43 Chemicals 2003 3.15 6.83 0.79 0.32 4.29 6.81 0.30 1.48 0.56 0.17 0.59 2.05 9.88 30.71 2004 4.01 8.73 1.22 0.36 5.19 8.66 0.48 2.26 0.76 0.24 0.85 2.91 13.85 41.37 Pharmaceuticals 2003 0.65 0.14 0.11 0.02 0.92 1.11 0.02 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.99 0.43 2004 0.74 0.18 0.15 0.02 0.98 1.24 0.03 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.08 0.00 1.11 0.45 Other chemicals 2003 2.51 6.69 0.69 0.31 3.37 5.70 0.28 1.48 0.45 0.16 0.53 2.04 8.90 30.28 2004 3.27 8.54 1.06 0.34 4.21 7.42 0.45 2.26 0.62 0.24 0.77 2.91 12.74 40.93 Other semi-manufactures 2003 9.02 1.69 0.60 0.48 6.39 3.77 0.42 0.18 0.96 0.31 1.43 0.13 13.02 10.17 2004 12.74 1.94 0.93 0.58 9.21 4.56 0.76 0.21 1.41 0.51 2.21 0.17 16.79 12.13 Machinery and transport 2003 46.10 16.58 2.59 1.09 40.51 36.16 1.75 1.29 3.12 0.18 4.10 0.20 89.58 119.03 equipment 2004 66.79 21.49 4.16 1.13 59.61 46.44 2.49 0.63 4.23 0.25 5.58 0.41 125.25 154.21 Office and telecom 2003 30.35 6.52 1.09 0.58 25.79 5.05 0.84 0.03 0.79 0.11 1.37 0.12 57.71 71.28 equipment 2004 44.75 8.25 1.76 0.66 38.99 7.21 1.17 0.04 1.11 0.16 1.72 0.28 82.29 92.61 EDP and office 2003 17.62 2.41 0.25 0.04 14.87 1.13 0.29 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.32 0.02 29.01 14.71 equipment 2004 25.29 2.38 0.38 0.01 22.54 1.47 0.26 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.44 0.03 38.00 17.23 Telecommunications 2003 11.90 1.45 0.79 0.01 10.24 2.09 0.49 0.01 0.60 0.00 1.04 0.08 19.97 11.93 equipment 2004 18.31 1.27 1.29 0.02 15.19 2.89 0.82 0.00 0.88 0.00 1.26 0.08 30.75 14.13 Integrated circuits 2003 0.83 2.65 0.05 0.53 0.69 1.83 0.06 0.02 0.04 0.10 0.01 0.02 8.73 44.63 2004 1.15 4.60 0.09 0.64 1.25 2.86 0.09 0.03 0.03 0.16 0.02 0.18 13.54 61.25 Transport equipment 2003 3.95 3.51 0.51 0.35 3.94 8.67 0.10 0.60 0.88 0.03 0.96 0.00 5.95 7.55 2004 6.32 3.97 0.78 0.27 5.05 9.41 0.22 0.40 1.06 0.03 1.16 0.00 7.56 9.65 Automotive products 2003 1.38 0.84 0.07 0.27 0.41 5.69 0.02 0.01 0.21 0.02 0.39 0.00 1.08 5.95 2004 2.59 0.93 0.14 0.16 0.79 5.78 0.08 0.02 0.35 0.03 0.50 0.00 1.81 7.51 Other transport 2003 2.58 2.67 0.45 0.08 3.53 2.99 0.07 0.59 0.66 0.01 0.57 0.00 4.86 1.60 equipment 2004 3.74 3.05 0.64 0.11 4.25 3.62 0.14 0.38 0.71 0.01 0.65 0.00 5.74 2.14 Other machinery 2003 11.80 6.55 0.99 0.15 10.78 22.43 0.82 0.67 1.45 0.04 1.77 0.09 25.93 40.21 2004 15.72 9.27 1.63 0.21 15.58 29.82 1.10 0.19 2.07 0.06 2.70 0.13 35.40 51.96 Power generating 2003 0.55 0.49 0.03 0.02 0.44 1.68 0.01 0.60 0.14 0.00 0.14 0.00 2.23 1.71 machinery 2004 0.78 0.93 0.06 0.01 0.69 2.46 0.01 0.12 0.14 0.00 0.22 0.00 2.74 2.44 Non-electrical machinery 2003 4.33 4.18 0.47 0.10 3.77 16.29 0.54 0.05 0.66 0.04 0.89 0.02 7.85 22.43 2004 5.81 5.79 0.83 0.15 6.03 22.02 0.57 0.06 1.05 0.05 1.44 0.04 11.08 28.81 Electrical machinery 2003 6.92 1.89 0.49 0.03 6.57 4.47 0.26 0.01 0.65 0.01 0.74 0.06 15.85 16.07 2004 9.12 2.54 0.74 0.04 8.86 5.34 0.52 0.01 0.88 0.01 1.04 0.09 21.57 20.71 Textiles 2003 3.24 0.28 1.00 0.02 3.15 0.58 0.66 0.01 1.85 0.01 2.03 0.01 14.98 11.05 2004 4.08 0.34 1.58 0.01 4.06 0.73 0.96 0.01 2.48 0.01 2.54 0.01 17.73 11.75 Appendix tables Clothing 2003 7.97 0.01 1.26 0.00 8.84 0.11 3.39 0.00 1.10 0.00 1.96 0.01 27.55 1.24 2004 9.36 0.02 1.71 0.00 10.25 0.17 5.49 0.01 1.53 0.00 2.22 0.00 31.30 1.29 Other manufactures 2003 27.81 3.46 1.38 0.03 14.95 4.45 1.89 0.08 1.38 0.00 1.80 0.09 24.80 21.47 2004 34.17 4.32 2.12 0.03 18.42 5.84 2.52 0.04 1.82 0.01 2.28 0.18 33.19 33.95 Personal and 2003 11.71 0.10 0.58 0.00 5.00 0.35 1.21 0.00 0.72 0.00 0.82 0.00 7.06 0.44 household goods 2004 14.52 0.12 0.91 0.01 6.47 0.44 1.49 0.00 0.93 0.00 1.04 0.00 8.77 0.56 Scientific and 2003 1.01 2.18 0.07 0.01 0.95 2.50 0.06 0.02 0.08 0.00 0.08 0.08 3.97 14.44 controlling instruments 2004 1.58 2.77 0.12 0.01 1.57 3.19 0.11 0.01 0.12 0.00 0.13 0.16 7.43 24.55 Miscellaneous 2003 15.09 1.18 0.73 0.01 9.00 1.60 0.62 0.06 0.58 0.00 0.90 0.01 13.77 6.59 manufactures 2004 18.07 1.43 1.09 0.02 10.38 2.21 0.92 0.03 0.77 0.01 1.11 0.02 16.99 8.84 Total merchandise a 2003 101.56 40.00 8.44 13.17 83.29 59.13 9.29 13.14 10.13 8.36 13.26 14.43 212.26 239.43 2004 138.41 54.24 13.02 19.53 114.67 76.21 13.82 16.23 13.62 15.65 16.94 21.63 282.69 319.04

230 20 44 78 39 .885 70 29 .427 .323 03 42 100.32 74.20 10.34 2.30 7.83 2.73 1.84 12.93 27.01 8.51 8.48 13.96 27.80 14.47 2004 oa ecads a20 83 44 26 39 94 41 62 11 00 31 .04.6482 412.76 438.23 49.36 9.00 43.13 561.23 20.09 593.33 11.12 76.27 64.76 13.54 48.60 1.54 74.15 62.23 94.52 59.41 61.86 27.81 15.30 33.94 10.59 11.80 33.43 0.04 92.63 1.63 100.87 0.35 3.29 94.33 54.43 10.17 73.51 78.37 0.24 1.85 0.10 2003 2.80 44.75 2.52 1.26 125.15 1.36 15.71 0.69 70.10 9.76 107.25 1.29 9.80 2004 7.58 8.81 Total merchandisea 0.19 14.08 3.32 4.12 2.52 31.76 0.01 23.79 7.71 22.28 5.18 0.31 17.30 3.21 0.15 0.53 2004 8.37 0.30 0.68 2004 2.09 3.42 0.69 2004 0.02 1.74 6.72 1.99 63.57 1.90 3.53 23.13 3.23 5.50 9.92 65.47 0.98 0.01 9.31 23.39 26.36 0.04 4.70 328.57 10.36 13.88 397.00 1.54 9.94 2004 0.03 46.76 1.02 3.80 0.11 1.31 14.16 7.78 1.41 2.44 10.39 9.28 0.13 39.41 1.65 47.99 4.26 0.17 14.89 11.02 1.80 14.48 52.42 2.64 1.44 27.00 2.50 10.09 428.27 0.18 0.66 2.61 18.09 71.22 1.95 542.37 0.03 0.64 0.22 6.82 1.32 0.71 0.72 70.83 61.33 1.85 11.20 2.88 0.15 49.38 1.42 11.67 21.16 2.72 0.17 0.91 3.21 5.95 0.09 56.70 0.67 3.31 25.66 6.85 0.21 1.74 2.97 22.19 1.29 6.99 89.53 18.78 0.19 3.84 2.43 2.59 3.55 10.53 1.06 0.20 2.34 0.77 14.18 0.26 50.98 0.34 94.44 30.48 2004 0.88 1.20 74.11 1.46 0.14 0.86 1.69 6.63 7.91 0.60 22.16 0.06 89.56 2003 1.31 2.75 2004 21.12 0.53 4.72 60.84 0.05 0.78 0.15 2.40 0.75 0.02 20.82 0.22 2.99 0.34 2004 2.21 32.45 0.12 1.42 0.31 1.18 0.06 120.98 0.52 3.55 0.13 0.07 1.00 0.33 0.30 2004 0.61 0.07 64.86 0.20 0.21 0.90 101.30 1.05 1.57 0.02 2.61 0.97 1.97 2004 0.18 0.86 0.94 2.05 0.99 Manufactures 0.13 0.27 0.23 0.00 1.97 0.84 2004 2.27 1.56 0.42 1.46 0.13 1.39 0.02 1.68 4.15 4.54 2004 1.05 0.57 2.47 0.11 0.44 2003 6.42 2.74 4.84 2004 0.24 1.04 1.74 6.53 6.90 0.25 0.82 Fuels andminingproducts 2.15 0.96 0.65 5.08 2004 1.43 1.96 2.01 0.16 2004 2.58 0.69 0.81 2003 2004 2.12 2004 Agricultural products For sourcesandmethods,seetheTechnicalNotes. of finaldestinationcannotbeascertained,exports areattributedtothelastknowncountryofdispatch(seeChina'sCustomsS Note b Includesunspecifieddestinationsandorigins. a Includesunspecifiedproducts. (Billion dollars) Merchandise trade byproduct, region andmajortrading partner, 2003-04-China Table A19 ltig20 .001 .600 25 .284 .726 .002 .45.61.42 14.22 52.06 31.59 26.90 0.04 74.01 0.28 3.18 5.99 0.20 0.10 0.99 2.60 2.44 5.48 1.22 0.67 1.50 8.49 1.33 1.16 6.87 11.04 0.22 12.52 2.90 7.35 2.26 7.28 0.01 6.56 0.26 3.32 2.53 26.04 0.10 7.90 3.96 0.55 2003 14.20 2.71 2003 2003 Other manufactures Clothing 252.83 268.26 Textiles 31.23 17.51 6.17 31.86 48.98 192.83 26.91 19.58 187.77 2.13 10.19 22.03 0.63 24.13 5.32 7.60 4.62 4.81 52.54 0.72 1.97 19.04 1.34 55.29 7.19 3.70 6.14 29.19 27.01 1.28 0.34 0.51 11.11 5.33 10.14 18.97 4.53 1.08 3.19 61.52 38.08 5.44 0.35 1.79 0.81 2.92 0.50 44.16 44.67 1.41 57.37 21.16 3.50 0.02 8.22 1.95 0.34 2004 0.43 13.09 14.32 2.03 1.34 1.47 42.93 15.51 0.92 1.53 8.22 4.56 0.17 5.77 1.06 2.92 34.32 0.63 1.17 2.75 38.80 0.09 3.63 0.18 2003 0.68 0.06 14.97 6.05 0.51 1.53 0.47 6.24 0.13 19.24 0.49 equipment 2.45 2003 0.11 3.97 Machinery andtransport 1.01 0.47 0.18 0.06 2003 2.18 0.77 0.22 0.23 0.18 Other semi-manufactures 0.51 0.48 0.51 0.10 0.05 0.29 0.13 2003 0.15 0.23 0.17 2.38 0.74 0.79 0.83 0.02 0.32 0.67 2003 0.79 2.12 0.51 Chemicals 1.05 2003 2.91 0.22 0.20 Iron andsteel 0.33 5.63 0.62 1.20 3.62 0.39 Non-ferrous metals 0.69 1.82 2003 2003 Fuels 0.76 1.89 Ores andotherminerals 2003 Raw materials Food It should benotedthatChinaCustomsStatisticsrecordthecountryoforiginforimportsand offinaldestinati : te ahnr 20 00 09 06 .563 03 .618 .956 .787 35 75.82 53.54 8.77 1.67 5.65 1.99 1.86 9.76 20.34 6.32 5.95 10.61 20.94 10.00 2003 Other machinery auatrs20 .317 66 .741 .588 .607 .704 .24.414.04 49.34 20.26 1.32 6.22 0.96 33.30 0.48 1.26 4.97 11.06 27.10 10.36 1.17 34.13 0.42 0.74 40.69 9.16 0.09 0.11 4.53 0.92 0.86 0.19 0.94 0.23 0.42 8.83 8.82 0.37 0.18 0.19 0.30 0.50 0.50 0.78 0.61 4.35 1.78 0.38 0.59 4.19 0.02 0.02 3.99 4.10 2.25 0.84 2.89 1.37 0.86 7.01 5.29 16.65 0.10 0.16 1.22 2.09 2.89 3.15 3.39 1.78 0.93 3.53 9.83 2.64 0.10 0.11 1.42 2004 2.33 11.09 1.13 13.69 0.91 14.02 0.35 2.96 0.44 2003 4.68 1.50 1.28 5.97 8.61 2003 2004 2004 20.75 manufactures Miscellaneous 2003 16.30 controlling instruments Scientific and 0.48 household goods 0.26 Personal and 1.30 0.44 0.02 1.55 47.27 5.54 1.49 1.71 16.72 2.86 7.59 3.01 0.69 3.63 0.01 7.15 0.03 8.55 1.20 3.60 0.04 0.93 2003 0.08 1.63 0.15 0.16 8.08 Transport equipment 1.83 0.14 0.20 5.63 2.20 1.86 0.14 0.55 5.28 5.24 3.12 0.96 13.11 0.02 2003 0.85 14.00 0.03 2003 0.04 0.04 0.15 0.75 Other chemicals 0.09 0.00 Pharmaceuticals 1.63 0.36 0.02 0.12 1.75 2.11 0.10 0.13 3.52 1.00 3.48 0.14 0.81 0.52 0.62 2003 1.37 2003 Other foodproducts Fish qimn 043.070 20 .71.22.63.734 .71.935 03 7.8128.71 171.78 20.36 96.26 3.57 117.94 16.99 14.88 6.77 2.69 3.47 12.10 37.87 3.71 21.56 3.46 16.52 26.77 6.97 18.80 42.06 13.35 7.05 5.36 38.20 28.69 2004 4.82 25.20 2003 equipment Office andtelecom ahnr 0406 .506 .707 .608 .303 .700 .846 6.76 4.65 5.16 0.38 3.54 0.08 0.37 0.27 0.32 0.07 0.13 0.29 0.83 0.32 0.14 1.06 0.68 0.74 0.69 0.87 0.62 0.69 0.42 2.35 0.49 0.61 2004 1.58 0.39 2003 machinery Power generating qimn 0439 .633 .011 .216 .106 .702 .21.19.37 16.01 7.97 0.12 12.72 0.22 12.78 0.12 0.37 0.21 3.57 0.60 0.20 0.36 0.01 0.39 0.05 1.62 0.01 1.10 1.52 1.44 0.05 1.16 1.15 0.00 2.90 1.02 0.11 3.36 2.52 4.39 3.56 2.38 0.46 3.95 2.93 0.49 2004 3.21 1.26 2003 5.63 0.39 equipment 2003 Other transport Automotive products lcrclmciey20 .441 .516 .367 .712 .323 .740 14 26.77 31.48 4.07 43.89 1.07 18.51 2.33 1.23 4.43 0.53 1.21 7.07 3.02 0.45 6.77 0.52 3.73 2.01 1.66 12.88 6.25 1.97 4.19 3.87 6.24 3.88 2003 15.17 3.36 Electrical machinery 2003 Non-electrical machinery qimn 041.328 69 .163 .71.508 .045 .916 85 24.63 68.50 29.63 19.51 1.62 87.10 24.22 45.03 0.69 2.27 62.51 1.26 4.52 1.66 0.48 3.20 2.43 2.23 1.40 4.22 0.85 2.13 1.77 12.95 1.59 0.54 1.10 4.97 0.82 18.98 6.37 8.45 0.48 3.85 14.26 8.71 1.01 4.41 3.23 16.99 5.23 1.93 7.21 2.83 24.02 1.14 14.73 1.92 11.02 1.44 2004 16.90 22.28 1.92 1.11 2004 9.87 14.70 2003 2003 Integrate equipment Telecommunications equipment EDP andoffice (continued) icis20 .317 .722 .21.640 .508 .908 11 04 52.52 10.40 11.18 0.81 6.29 0.83 2.15 4.07 11.16 0.92 2.29 0.77 1.79 0.63 2003 d circuits 0407 .521 .308 .001 .100 .300 .162 14.43 6.27 0.41 0.08 74.46 1.73 16.18 0.09 16.47 1.22 0.01 0.12 10.25 1.44 5.20 2.07 0.83 5.94 0.63 12.75 2.13 1.43 5.75 4.03 0.74 1.06 2004 2.77 1.19 2004 89.15 25.70 2.59 1.47 4.72 3.41 1.02 42.28 3.68 24.12 3.42 0.84 4.64 0.35 2.61 0.72 1.68 2.19 2.68 0.15 2.99 2.67 2004 1.22 7.74 9.62 2.45 2.55 2.94 2004 0483 .981 .948 .096 .417 .414 .24.435.63 42.74 57.93 4.92 26.81 1.49 5.04 3.24 0.73 1.72 4.21 1.14 0.70 9.69 0.56 9.10 2.41 4.87 16.85 2.19 2.90 8.16 5.42 4.99 5.11 8.37 20.45 2004 5.49 2004 21.13 44.06 2.45 0.86 2.34 1.72 0.51 5.53 3.81 4.40 1.69 11.53 4.37 8.70 2004 x m x m x m x m x m x m x imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp U(5 ntdSae aa HongKong,China Japan UnitedStates EU (25) oe,Rpbi fTie,CieeWorldb Taipei,Chinese Korea, Republicof tatistics, December2003). on forexports.However,ifthecountry 231 Appendix tables 232 Appendix tables 20 96 .108 .11.245 .600 .200 .701 79 33.09 16.27 17.97 6.48 0.10 12.69 0.01 0.77 12.62 0.31 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.42 0.27 0.21 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.16 0.37 0.05 4.55 0.00 0.74 11.72 0.00 7.70 0.01 1.14 0.84 0.01 0.25 0.41 1.91 0.01 19.62 0.10 0.30 2004 9.94 0.24 2004 0.48 2004 20 .822 .300 .043 .400 .100 .905 47 28.77 24.75 0.51 0.69 0.08 1.88 0.21 1.96 0.00 0.06 0.04 0.01 4.31 0.04 4.70 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.23 0.00 2.24 1.89 5.48 0.18 2004 0.00 0.01 0.41 0.14 2004 20 .013 .604 .829 .200 .601 .614 .313.06 8.33 10.94 1.41 11.96 0.39 0.66 0.43 0.58 0.18 0.02 176.16 11.33 130.73 0.00 0.06 2.39 12.54 0.03 3.13 0.00 0.07 0.43 3.12 0.04 2.66 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.43 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.92 0.03 1.45 2.98 0.01 0.00 0.00 1.98 207.31 0.04 2.82 0.36 155.75 2.47 0.08 5.81 0.00 2.84 0.43 0.00 0.35 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.64 0.41 3.54 0.06 0.26 0.01 0.02 20.40 0.04 0.29 0.43 0.03 0.47 32.41 0.54 1.31 2.88 0.14 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.84 0.01 1.69 2.60 0.01 0.15 0.00 1.58 0.30 0.00 2.16 0.00 2004 0.00 0.42 0.05 0.01 0.24 0.01 0.00 11.59 0.09 0.52 0.02 0.01 2004 0.00 45.26 0.03 0.07 0.02 0.00 2003 22.87 1.67 1.03 0.00 2004 0.00 38.22 0.00 0.27 0.05 0.83 0.07 0.02 2004 0.00 0.08 2.75 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.01 2004 13.48 0.00 0.06 47.66 0.33 0.00 2004 0.01 Manufactures 0.07 0.08 0.00 2004 0.00 0.04 2004 0.02 2004 ul n iigpout20 .403 .000 .811 .001 .101 .101 .66.70 3.06 0.15 0.01 0.85 0.14 1.93 0.01 4.06 0.01 1.99 0.18 1.30 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.30 0.10 5.35 0.01 1.13 0.05 0.00 2.30 0.08 0.09 0.00 0.02 0.17 0.01 0.08 0.16 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.68 0.24 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.92 0.00 2003 0.10 0.00 0.08 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.61 0.00 0.68 1.04 0.01 0.12 Fuels andminingproduct 0.04 0.08 1.05 0.00 2004 0.73 0.16 0.15 0.01 2004 0.07 1.20 2004 0.23 2004 giutrlpout 0302 .800 .101 .400 .200 .900 .043 5.98 4.38 0.20 0.01 0.29 0.01 0.02 0.00 1.54 0.10 0.71 0.01 2.08 0.28 2003 Agricultural products oa ecads a20 56 40 .716 52 31 .605 .708 .727 4.6190.27 140.46 2.74 3.27 0.86 224.51 168.43 1.47 3.46 0.56 3.64 0.36 1.04 23.12 1.74 35.28 0.52 1.63 0.52 2.17 25.76 14.01 40.36 45.61 2003 1.75 2.77 15.85 48.06 2004 Total merchandisea (Billion dollars) Merchandise trade byproduct, region andmajortrading partner, 2003-04-HongKong, China Table A20 ltig20 .000 .000 .606 .300 .700 .500 .515.21 6.05 11.70 31.30 0.01 11.63 16.22 0.25 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.22 0.72 0.17 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.34 0.39 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.64 0.01 0.14 6.86 0.96 3.88 0.01 0.24 11.18 0.40 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.73 0.21 9.40 1.78 0.24 2003 19.14 0.44 2003 2003 Other manufactures Clothing Textiles qimn 041.681 .302 64 03 .700 .702 .108 51 117.73 95.14 0.87 1.51 94.52 0.24 11.78 76.85 0.57 7.36 0.84 9.13 0.05 1.13 1.29 10.43 0.27 0.62 0.31 0.20 2.53 10.33 0.02 0.12 0.45 2.20 16.41 0.06 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.29 4.29 0.05 0.06 0.16 0.00 1.13 0.51 0.01 2.18 0.00 9.52 0.08 8.19 0.12 2.19 0.00 2.58 12.31 0.00 14.76 0.00 2004 1.70 0.37 0.01 2.52 0.26 0.00 0.76 0.01 0.11 0.35 0.00 0.00 0.23 0.05 6.85 0.12 0.05 0.29 0.37 0.17 13.49 0.00 0.01 1.13 0.00 2003 0.00 0.01 2.56 0.01 1.45 0.04 0.00 0.02 2003 0.00 equipment 0.23 0.00 0.00 Machinery andtransport 0.02 2003 1.08 0.06 0.00 0.00 0.03 Other semi-manufactures 0.00 0.00 0.00 2003 0.07 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.21 2003 0.04 0.02 Chemicals 2003 0.01 Iron andsteel 0.00 0.03 0.02 Non-ferrous metals 2003 Fuels Ores andotherminerals a aeil 0300 .900 .000 .500 .200 .000 .118 0.94 1.88 0.01 5.04 0.00 2.50 0.10 0.19 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.19 0.00 0.01 0.55 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.10 0.99 0.00 0.08 0.69 0.61 0.03 0.01 2003 1.39 0.24 2003 Raw materials Food ntuet 0408 .400 .007 .800 .000 .000 .430 2.97 3.08 8.76 0.04 2.80 0.02 2.40 0.00 8.71 0.00 2.61 0.11 20.18 2.63 0.01 10.98 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.01 0.14 0.11 0.59 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.58 0.01 0.04 0.14 0.24 0.73 0.00 0.79 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 2.30 0.04 0.09 0.01 0.56 0.01 0.62 2.71 0.64 0.64 0.21 2.24 8.30 0.85 0.00 0.10 2004 0.01 0.01 0.03 5.54 0.18 0.52 2004 0.60 0.08 1.10 0.75 5.51 manu 12.89 2003 Miscellaneous 2003 2003 instruments Scientific andcontrolling hold goods Personal andhouse- te ahnr 20 .017 .900 .736 .300 .600 .004 04 24.58 20.41 0.48 0.60 0.09 1.74 0.16 2.10 0.00 0.07 0.03 0.01 3.63 0.04 3.87 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.19 0.01 1.73 2.08 5.30 2003 0.14 0.00 0.01 0.45 Other machinery 0.15 2003 Transport equipment qimn 0491 .408 .61.341 .300 .501 .103 84 87.08 68.44 0.30 68.20 0.81 54.34 0.28 0.12 0.68 0.35 8.74 0.07 0.03 9.83 0.28 0.23 0.39 0.31 0.60 0.03 4.13 0.01 0.13 11.53 0.00 0.02 0.26 0.00 3.81 0.05 0.89 8.29 0.00 0.00 5.54 0.00 0.34 0.00 9.13 0.56 0.00 2004 2.13 0.00 4.67 0.08 8.04 0.39 2003 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 1.38 0.00 equipment 0.21 Office andtelecom 0.07 2003 0.02 2003 Other Chemicals Pharmaceuticals ih20 .701 .001 .001 .000 .001 .000 .01.24 0.30 3.80 0.03 2.20 0.00 0.16 0.11 0.01 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.87 0.10 0.08 0.00 0.51 0.15 0.01 0.07 2003 1.24 0.17 2003 Other foodproducts Fish ahnr 0401 .500 .003 .400 .001 .705 .621 2.33 15.83 2.19 12.54 0.02 0.46 2.28 6.46 0.10 0.80 0.50 1.96 5.91 0.52 0.01 0.07 0.44 0.02 0.67 0.06 0.01 0.10 0.44 0.06 0.41 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.02 1.08 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.05 0.00 1.69 0.00 1.29 0.94 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.17 31.34 0.07 0.01 0.33 0.00 0.00 0.01 21.99 22.87 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 18.91 0.62 1.71 23.97 0.24 0.00 0.13 21.33 0.04 0.60 0.02 0.02 0.30 0.41 0.57 0.00 24.40 0.03 20.94 0.01 0.14 1.02 0.01 17.31 0.15 0.00 0.01 0.01 18.13 0.54 0.23 4.38 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.19 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.26 0.03 0.11 2003 2004 0.00 0.47 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.21 0.12 0.59 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.03 1.54 0.29 0.03 0.22 0.70 0.10 0.00 0.01 Electrical machinery 0.00 0.19 0.03 0.11 2003 2003 0.01 0.07 1.51 0.36 2004 0.12 0.00 0.00 Non-electrical machinery 1.38 7.48 0.00 0.11 machinery 1.05 0.04 0.00 0.38 2003 0.08 Power generating 0.01 3.52 1.58 0.09 0.05 0.73 0.84 0.21 5.05 0.04 0.02 2.87 0.86 equipment 2003 0.13 0.01 Other transport 2.43 5.71 0.28 1.58 0.43 0.49 2004 0.12 Automotive products 2.88 2003 0.65 1.58 2004 4.73 2.82 2003 2003 Integrated circuits equipment Telecommunications equipment EDP andoffice f cue 041.311 .100 .931 .200 .700 .400 20 21.36 12.09 0.06 0.64 0.01 0.27 0.00 0.12 3.18 8.69 0.01 0.61 1.17 13.23 2004 actures 0445 .901 .338 .600 .000 .101 .31.019.27 15.80 7.16 0.03 6.76 0.12 0.02 0.01 0.07 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.05 1.07 0.03 0.00 1.44 1.46 0.01 0.06 3.84 1.91 0.00 0.03 31.78 0.53 25.13 0.04 0.16 0.01 0.03 0.01 1.49 0.05 0.02 0.00 4.57 0.60 0.11 2004 0.00 0.73 0.02 1.30 2004 0.03 0.05 0.01 0.00 1.57 0.00 0.54 0.11 0.04 0.04 0.03 2004 3.10 0.54 2004 0400 .500 .901 .900 .800 .500 .539 9.05 3.93 0.45 0.02 0.15 0.00 0.08 0.00 1.09 0.11 0.09 0.01 0.45 0.09 2004 0402 .800 .301 .300 .200 .400 .842 6.20 4.23 0.18 0.01 0.34 0.01 0.02 0.00 1.73 0.10 0.83 0.01 1.88 0.27 2004 x m x m x m x m x m x m x imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp mrc mrc fiaMdl atAsia MiddleEast Africa America America Nrh South&Central North uoeCIS Europe Note b Includesunspecifieddestinationsandorigins. a Includesunspecifiedproducts. oa ecads a20 54 0.63.51.44.01.51.92.054 60 .11.5286 233.19 228.65 12.05 5.91 16.07 5.48 272.89 265.54 27.60 14.38 12.09 8.74 12.75 19.75 41.70 6.43 19.84 32.96 32.35 13.91 101.06 95.42 14.47 2003 43.94 21.91 37.42 117.93 114.29 2004 Total merchandisea 20 .22.91.728 80 .347 .109 .808 .25.039.68 51.50 17.13 25.10 0.62 14.11 0.03 0.85 14.30 0.17 0.95 0.78 0.04 0.05 0.94 0.34 1.71 4.21 0.04 0.20 4.76 1.79 0.75 1.83 35.94 0.11 0.09 18.07 36.10 9.13 2.80 0.63 0.23 10.77 0.58 0.38 0.71 4.29 26.09 7.32 1.70 1.07 7.72 2.31 0.84 0.23 2004 15.51 2.64 0.05 6.73 7.93 2004 0.03 2.28 9.69 0.05 2004 2.11 0.03 4.99 1.09 4.07 0.10 4.50 0.40 16.89 19.38 0.13 17.87 13.71 2004 1.89 0.56 15.48 0.16 0.91 12.40 0.07 0.64 1.50 0.48 0.46 0.09 1.40 0.01 16.39 0.14 2004 3.89 13.04 0.02 2.23 212.17 1.25 215.49 2.68 1.50 0.19 0.01 10.10 0.52 0.11 4.49 0.55 0.03 2.55 1.22 4.57 0.01 2.24 0.09 15.33 0.06 2.41 2.97 5.26 0.22 0.62 6.42 0.01 1.44 8.70 2.77 0.39 26.49 0.08 2.61 0.64 0.22 0.08 3.19 1.85 11.96 0.38 248.28 0.02 0.09 250.12 1.07 0.96 0.01 2.18 10.85 0.55 0.94 11.35 6.16 0.30 0.00 1.52 41.43 0.00 0.11 5.55 0.34 0.03 5.72 0.01 0.04 18.09 0.24 0.05 0.22 0.03 2004 2.44 2.02 18.92 0.03 30.58 0.39 0.46 6.10 0.01 2.53 0.01 2.00 10.97 96.22 0.15 0.06 0.00 2004 6.84 0.05 0.14 89.15 31.76 0.24 0.05 0.31 0.07 0.05 2003 2.26 0.50 13.65 10.81 0.12 0.01 2004 1.90 2.17 0.00 0.01 4.79 0.03 0.06 12.76 0.10 0.03 0.38 11.28 0.54 43.65 0.08 0.16 2004 8.74 0.02 0.17 0.03 0.18 0.26 2.51 0.02 19.90 0.00 0.03 2.64 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.09 36.07 0.05 2004 0.00 0.02 0.08 0.12 0.02 0.35 112.68 0.05 0.28 1.19 107.47 0.04 0.00 2004 0.02 0.03 0.09 0.04 0.04 0.22 Manufactures 2.60 0.02 1.27 0.45 0.13 0.02 2004 0.47 0.04 2.14 0.23 0.46 0.03 0.07 0.07 2.69 0.11 0.94 2004 0.01 2003 0.67 0.44 0.35 1.71 0.13 0.06 0.02 2004 0.05 0.22 0.87 0.05 0.26 1.00 1.44 0.07 0.08 Fuels andminingproduct 1.81 0.18 0.09 2.05 0.00 2004 0.95 2.44 1.08 0.26 0.08 2004 3.42 0.20 2003 2.31 2004 1.28 2004 Agricultural products (Billion dollars) Merchandise trade byproduct, region andmajortrading partner, 2003-04-HongKong, China Table A20 ltig20 .11.865 .185 .616 .502 .501 .32.515.95 23.15 12.93 37.07 0.03 13.08 48.51 0.18 1.02 0.75 0.04 0.05 0.75 0.28 1.65 0.79 0.06 0.15 0.80 1.69 0.67 3.36 0.10 0.06 4.35 8.57 0.23 1.71 0.34 0.61 17.67 6.51 0.91 2.48 0.22 14.58 10.37 2.61 25.06 7.25 2003 7.01 8.89 2003 2003 Other manufactures Clothing 137.71 129.80 Textiles 7.14 4.31 17.14 13.06 112.34 12.36 105.31 4.35 13.49 6.16 0.56 10.85 21.68 3.35 0.06 6.37 1.13 3.26 9.99 0.10 0.43 2.22 7.82 3.79 0.11 13.41 1.85 0.45 4.68 18.24 9.78 0.22 1.04 0.00 0.51 5.26 15.75 0.48 3.68 2.18 0.58 0.68 54.27 6.44 2.25 0.08 1.05 0.01 67.91 0.00 12.29 2004 2.35 0.25 1.32 0.85 9.23 0.18 0.01 0.20 2.43 0.00 11.79 0.00 0.34 1.57 0.21 2.21 41.60 0.05 2.40 0.43 0.05 53.99 0.02 0.11 5.73 0.00 2003 1.93 0.00 0.01 5.16 0.39 1.65 0.23 0.07 0.02 0.07 2003 8.41 0.02 equipment 9.32 0.00 0.02 0.00 Machinery andtransport 2.85 0.01 2003 0.08 0.35 0.20 0.04 0.02 0.10 0.01 Other semi-manufactures 2.15 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.05 2003 0.23 0.07 0.01 1.20 0.15 0.02 0.02 0.39 0.07 0.03 0.84 2003 0.50 0.02 0.40 2.01 Chemicals 0.02 0.05 2003 0.03 Iron andsteel 0.54 0.01 1.20 0.02 0.19 0.11 0.23 0.29 0.90 Non-ferrous metals 2003 1.75 0.07 2003 Fuels 2.21 1.67 Ores andotherminerals 2003 Raw materials Food Forsourcesandmethods,seetheTechnicalNotes. : ntuet 0423 .107 .207 .202 .901 .901 .647 4.23 4.70 9.66 0.06 11.13 0.18 3.59 0.03 9.42 0.19 4.05 0.23 24.07 10.85 0.12 0.03 33.61 0.03 0.02 0.79 0.12 0.70 0.25 0.20 0.22 0.43 0.16 0.06 0.03 0.62 0.10 0.60 1.25 0.21 0.76 0.49 0.73 0.10 0.06 0.52 0.16 2.57 5.11 1.25 0.70 2.93 0.58 0.69 0.08 1.71 0.70 1.06 2.20 5.09 2.34 11.88 0.50 8.49 2004 30.53 0.54 1.43 0.62 0.36 30.56 2.15 7.60 2004 0.59 1.29 8.45 15.32 0.49 2.04 4.68 0.29 manu 2003 1.55 Miscellaneous 2003 2003 instruments 0.76 Scientific andcontrolling 6.01 hold goods Personal andhouse- 1.97 1.60 4.84 3.43 3.70 13.96 14.53 2003 12.63 10.19 0.86 1.12 0.66 0.09 0.00 Other machinery 1.85 0.02 0.18 0.01 2.12 0.04 0.08 0.06 1.26 0.01 0.19 0.06 1.87 0.01 0.08 0.34 1.48 0.03 1.75 8.97 0.16 0.37 2003 0.35 6.66 0.02 2003 2.48 0.00 0.09 0.05 Other chemicals 0.02 0.02 0.09 Pharmaceuticals 0.21 0.05 0.01 0.19 0.06 0.04 0.06 1.14 0.07 0.14 0.00 0.84 0.27 0.07 0.22 2003 1.94 1.45 2003 Other foodproducts Fish rnpr qimn 0316 .101 .801 .400 .900 .400 .624 4.40 2.43 0.06 0.01 0.04 0.03 1.09 0.09 0.44 0.12 2.08 0.13 0.41 1.65 2003 Transport equipment qimn 044.33.01.938 .953 .91.534 13 .064 13 97.47 91.39 6.46 77.41 72.32 3.70 5.52 11.32 2.85 3.47 8.40 13.85 3.99 3.00 5.31 11.14 3.20 8.29 4.40 3.83 7.33 11.09 36.90 3.72 48.63 2004 7.95 27.24 37.81 2003 equipment Office andtelecom ahnr 0414 .603 .101 .401 .400 .200 .133 3.94 18.19 3.32 20.40 0.01 0.38 3.55 8.79 1.71 0.06 0.37 2.98 7.18 0.77 0.12 0.87 0.01 0.21 1.58 0.02 0.04 0.61 0.06 0.06 0.64 0.02 0.34 2.92 0.11 0.57 0.01 2.82 0.04 0.15 1.63 0.03 0.11 0.01 1.79 0.03 0.14 0.96 0.35 2.75 0.03 0.04 0.23 0.18 4.02 0.12 0.22 0.02 0.00 0.09 0.91 1.24 0.11 0.53 0.23 0.01 0.29 0.32 3.04 0.20 0.62 0.08 0.00 0.09 1.36 10.41 0.61 1.57 0.36 8.29 0.86 0.59 1.46 0.28 0.38 0.09 2003 2004 0.01 0.12 1.28 2.27 0.54 0.09 0.39 1.27 4.97 0.10 Electrical machinery 0.04 0.23 2003 2003 0.31 2004 1.54 Non-electrical machinery 0.18 machinery 0.03 2003 Power generating 0.09 1.48 equipment 2003 Other transport Automotive products qimn 041.62.472 .651 .621 .706 .011 .23.233.97 26.81 36.82 19.83 26.85 1.92 2.52 28.29 1.16 26.92 23.67 1.34 1.14 28.21 24.28 1.40 0.87 5.09 2.03 0.96 0.66 1.83 2.56 0.78 0.73 5.37 0.61 4.46 1.21 2.10 2.12 0.34 2.94 0.55 0.62 0.76 1.40 2.35 4.29 2.39 5.14 0.47 1.51 1.56 1.30 1.46 2.63 1.34 0.55 1.49 7.21 0.36 1.04 4.26 2.60 20.24 3.38 2.89 1.55 14.76 0.83 2004 14.10 11.90 4.84 2.75 2003 14.96 2004 14.87 9.49 11.32 12.38 2003 2003 Integrated circuits equipment Telecommunications equipment EDP andoffice f cue 0450 58 .615 22 .232 .705 .604 .33.625.78 35.66 0.53 0.44 0.56 0.57 3.37 3.28 1.12 12.20 1.59 7.86 15.89 5.02 2004 actures (continued) 0434 .700 .200 .400 .700 .300 .541 11.37 4.16 1.35 0.05 0.53 0.09 0.57 0.07 11.18 4.63 0.24 0.19 0.06 0.04 0.32 0.29 0.07 0.10 2.57 0.52 3.41 2004 0.07 1.45 0.21 1.63 0.10 2.57 3.09 2004 041.91.836 .041 .418 .806 .404 .22.822.29 9.70 24.58 8.19 0.42 0.20 0.47 0.05 1.04 0.54 0.65 0.14 3.48 2.58 2.92 1.84 1.54 0.29 1.44 0.03 0.53 4.18 0.00 0.64 1.40 0.01 1.76 3.68 0.01 0.50 12.78 0.86 10.79 2.75 2004 0.01 5.63 0.11 2004 0.04 1.30 0.05 0.09 1.17 2004 041.247 .013 .230 .655 .073 .734 62 36.65 26.28 3.41 1.67 7.36 2.20 5.55 0.46 3.03 0.52 1.33 0.50 4.76 18.92 2004 x m x m x m x m x m x m x imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp hn U(5 ntdSae Japan UnitedStates EU(25) China api hns oe,Rp fWorldb Korea,Rep.of Taipei, Chinese 233 Appendix tables 234 Appendix tables oa ecads a20 .94.200 .353 99 .103 .714 .030 .7132.09 8.37 3.07 0.20 158.89 1.40 9.54 0.07 3.50 0.34 0.14 0.01 1.65 29.91 0.09 5.37 0.51 2.13 0.01 0.04 35.58 40.12 4.78 5.49 2.70 2003 0.06 42.73 5.33 2004 Total merchandisea 20 .753 .002 .445 .000 .002 .106 .124.23 0.51 0.69 0.01 0.21 1.96 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 4.55 0.01 0.14 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.31 0.18 0.17 0.00 2004 11.26 0.01 0.69 0.00 0.44 124.48 0.01 6.25 0.14 0.14 0.00 11.71 3.05 0.01 0.00 0.83 0.04 2.65 0.06 2004 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.01 1.39 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.00 149.13 0.04 2.72 6.62 0.00 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.00 0.10 3.46 0.11 0.00 0.44 0.01 0.00 0.01 2.59 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.20 29.65 0.03 0.19 0.00 0.47 0.00 2.76 1.63 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.28 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.12 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.51 0.24 0.01 0.00 0.00 1.84 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 39.87 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.00 1.68 0.00 5.39 0.00 2004 35.32 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 4.05 0.31 2003 2.90 0.25 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.30 0.00 2004 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.01 2.70 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 1.98 0.00 2004 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01 42.44 2004 0.00 0.00 0.00 5.22 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 2004 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 Manufactures 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 2004 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.00 2004 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.06 0.04 2003 0.00 0.00 0.00 2004 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 Fuels andminingproducts 0.00 0.11 0.00 2004 0.00 0.22 0.05 0.07 0.00 0.06 2004 0.00 2003 0.18 2004 0.06 2004 Agricultural products 20 .01.100 .204 12 .001 .204 .407 .416.93 4.32 1.04 2.16 0.73 12.08 0.30 0.04 0.54 0.00 0.41 0.26 0.21 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.16 0.35 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.00 11.28 0.00 0.44 5.69 0.00 2.01 0.82 0.22 0.02 0.40 0.03 0.01 18.91 0.29 0.70 5.99 0.01 2004 3.94 0.41 2004 0.07 2004 (Billion dollars) Table A21 2003-04 -HongKong, China Domestic exportsandre-exports ofmerchandise byproduct, region andmajortrading partner, qimn 0404 43 .111 .01.100 .700 .700 .018 93.34 1.80 1.50 0.01 75.34 0.57 7.12 1.51 0.01 0.25 9.71 1.28 0.27 0.72 0.61 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.44 2.20 16.01 0.00 0.06 0.01 0.01 0.40 0.00 0.05 0.15 0.00 1.12 0.33 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.18 0.00 2.10 0.00 12.01 0.00 14.30 0.00 0.30 0.09 0.00 1.69 0.46 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.75 2004 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.00 13.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 1.80 0.48 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.53 0.00 0.08 2003 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.21 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.25 2003 0.00 0.02 0.00 equipment 0.00 0.00 0.26 0.00 Machinery andtransport 2003 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 Other semi-manufactures 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2003 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.01 2003 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 Chemicals 0.00 0.00 0.00 2003 0.00 0.00 Iron andsteel 0.04 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.03 0.02 0.00 Non-ferrous metals 0.00 2003 0.00 2003 Fuels 0.18 0.06 Ores andotherminerals 2003 Raw materials Food ltig20 .353 .103 .048 .000 .001 .002 .53.90 2.15 11.04 15.18 0.25 0.58 1.04 0.00 0.21 0.69 0.17 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.30 0.37 0.02 0.04 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.14 4.86 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.21 10.76 0.39 0.42 0.03 0.01 0.71 0.20 5.37 0.01 0.01 4.03 18.39 0.35 2003 0.75 0.08 2003 2003 Other manufactures Clothing Textiles te ahnr 20 .851 .001 .137 .000 .001 .006 .819.92 0.48 0.60 0.00 0.15 2.10 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 3.77 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.18 0.01 0.00 0.00 5.12 0.14 0.18 0.00 2003 0.01 0.00 0.14 Other machinery 0.01 2003 Transport equipment qimn 0402 .500 .802 12 .002 .003 .108 .967.15 1.29 0.81 53.32 1.02 0.01 0.68 0.35 0.01 0.00 9.26 0.28 0.23 0.56 0.00 0.00 0.44 0.01 0.16 0.12 11.27 0.00 0.26 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.88 0.00 8.10 0.00 0.01 0.19 0.00 0.00 8.85 0.00 0.56 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.00 0.08 2004 0.00 7.76 0.00 0.28 0.03 0.01 2003 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.00 equipment 0.29 0.01 Office andtelecom 0.01 0.01 2003 0.01 1.95 0.00 2003 0.25 0.00 0.01 0.00 Other chemicals 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 Pharmaceuticals 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 2003 0.12 0.06 2003 Other foodproducts Fish ntuet 0400 .300 .100 .600 .100 .100 .201 2.97 0.11 2.79 0.02 0.01 0.00 2.53 0.11 2.62 0.01 0.08 0.00 10.03 0.01 0.95 0.00 0.01 0.14 0.11 0.56 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.14 0.22 0.66 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.07 0.01 2.29 0.04 0.09 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.57 0.21 2.23 7.96 0.83 0.07 0.00 0.01 0.33 0.01 0.03 5.54 0.18 2004 0.51 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 2004 0.72 5.50 12.16 0.02 0.73 0.00 manu 2003 Miscellaneous 2003 2003 instruments Scientific andcontrolling hold goods Personal andhouse- ahnr 0400 .100 .400 .200 .100 .400 .702 6.51 0.25 5.68 2.18 12.29 0.07 0.24 0.23 0.01 0.00 0.10 0.06 0.50 1.95 0.04 0.00 0.52 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.05 0.10 0.44 0.40 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.52 0.00 1.69 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 3.07 0.40 0.33 0.00 0.01 21.95 0.04 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 18.24 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.13 0.66 21.03 0.03 0.02 0.30 0.57 0.00 0.30 0.71 0.00 0.01 0.14 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 17.23 0.00 0.00 17.84 0.02 0.23 0.07 0.00 0.00 4.22 0.00 0.68 0.19 0.28 0.02 0.26 0.11 2004 0.00 0.16 0.47 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.20 0.00 0.00 2003 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.00 2003 2004 0.00 0.00 0.22 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.19 0.03 0.11 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.12 Electrical machinery 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2003 0.00 7.48 0.11 machinery 0.00 2004 0.04 0.00 0.31 Non-electrical 0.07 0.00 0.00 3.36 0.00 0.00 machinery 0.07 0.01 2003 0.73 Power generating 0.16 5.05 0.03 0.02 0.00 2.75 0.13 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.12 5.71 equipment 0.00 2003 0.43 0.43 Other transport 0.00 0.11 2.68 0.00 0.06 2004 0.00 Automotive products 0.20 2003 4.73 2.60 2004 0.00 0.22 2003 2003 Integrated circuits equipment Telecommunications equipment EDP andoffice f cue 0406 25 .206 .783 .001 .202 .406 .311.17 0.93 0.60 0.04 0.26 0.02 0.11 0.00 8.33 0.37 0.60 0.02 12.54 0.69 2004 actures 0400 .600 .000 .900 .000 .000 .105 3.35 0.58 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.82 0.00 0.41 0.09 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.03 0.00 2004 0.06 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.22 0.06 2004 0400 .600 .600 .700 .200 .600 .602 8.10 0.23 0.66 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.02 0.00 1.97 0.01 0.06 0.00 2.56 0.03 2004 0401 .200 .601 .100 .300 .700 .102 15.54 0.25 0.11 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.03 1.44 0.00 0.00 3.71 0.00 0.13 0.00 24.17 0.16 0.96 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 4.42 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.02 0.00 2004 0.00 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.44 0.00 0.10 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.00 2004 0.46 0.08 2004 o.x eep o.x eep o.x eep o.x eep o.x eep o.x eep o.x re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp mrc mrc uoeCIS Europe America America North South &Central fiaMdl atAsia MiddleEast Africa 20 .81.901 .601 .400 .500 .000 .608 35.26 0.84 0.56 0.02 2.30 0.80 0.01 0.04 0.03 2.25 0.00 0.03 0.03 4.84 0.00 0.16 0.10 4.36 0.00 0.14 0.12 17.59 0.28 0.01 2004 0.16 11.69 0.71 0.00 0.50 0.15 0.08 1.40 200.90 14.59 0.00 12.18 0.00 0.02 4.36 0.86 2.67 2004 0.00 0.18 0.13 0.01 0.11 0.01 0.03 4.84 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.08 0.42 2.83 0.00 0.21 0.01 0.01 235.18 0.13 11.62 0.01 14.93 0.08 0.44 0.00 0.21 0.34 5.41 0.02 0.00 0.08 0.20 0.01 0.01 0.25 36.48 0.14 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 4.95 0.00 0.11 0.31 5.57 0.04 0.00 0.22 0.00 0.00 27.92 0.03 0.00 0.54 0.00 0.01 2.66 0.00 0.00 0.00 10.41 0.03 13.32 0.05 0.56 0.00 0.14 0.00 84.95 0.20 0.33 0.01 4.20 0.00 2004 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.11 0.04 38.77 2003 0.02 0.00 10.61 0.00 4.88 2004 0.01 0.67 0.01 2.50 0.00 33.29 0.01 2004 0.04 2.78 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.01 2004 103.21 0.00 4.26 0.02 2.54 0.00 2004 0.02 0.06 Manufactures 0.26 0.00 2004 0.19 0.16 2004 0.20 2004 20 .772 .51.206 74 .446 .808 .408 .749.23 2.27 16.96 8.14 0.81 13.61 0.15 0.04 0.68 0.02 0.86 0.04 0.10 0.08 0.00 0.23 4.62 0.04 1.76 0.14 0.00 0.04 17.40 0.10 0.68 5.46 0.02 3.67 10.42 0.33 0.35 5.32 0.05 7.26 2.00 0.20 0.47 0.79 0.02 2004 1.85 9.38 2004 0.31 2004 2.68 0.51 0.01 0.02 1.90 0.03 0.10 0.03 1.85 0.01 0.41 0.03 0.37 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.03 2.22 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.42 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.06 0.02 2.30 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.09 0.38 0.00 0.02 0.03 0.04 2003 0.05 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.00 1.71 0.14 0.03 0.00 0.09 0.04 Fuels andminingproducts 1.04 0.00 2004 0.04 0.04 0.20 0.03 2004 0.00 1.24 2004 0.04 2004 giutrlpout 0301 .000 .600 .700 .500 .800 .304 4.34 0.45 0.03 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.05 0.02 0.17 0.05 0.06 0.03 3.30 0.11 2003 Agricultural products oa ecads a20 .39.943 80 .23.803 17 .249 .550 95 209.07 19.59 5.05 0.85 4.96 245.56 19.98 0.52 7.49 11.70 1.24 0.38 5.71 36.68 5.02 0.72 28.02 13.45 4.33 0.46 90.69 38.98 4.73 4.96 2003 33.43 3.99 109.37 4.92 2004 Total merchandisea Note b Includesunspecifieddestinationsandorigins. a Includesunspecifiedproducts. (Billion dollars) Table A21 2003-04 -HongKong, China Domestic exportsandre-exports ofmerchandise byproduct, region andmajortrading partner, qimn 0407 71 .91.604 29 .262 .041 .842 .0127.10 2.70 4.23 0.08 4.14 103.00 12.07 2.31 0.20 0.30 10.10 3.29 6.25 0.74 0.06 0.06 0.12 0.00 0.10 2.21 3.66 12.98 0.00 0.10 0.01 0.13 0.43 0.01 0.20 0.00 5.14 0.34 15.36 0.01 0.47 0.00 0.39 0.12 0.18 0.01 2.14 0.07 0.01 67.13 11.85 0.00 0.11 0.01 2.32 0.77 0.44 0.00 0.00 0.03 2004 0.01 0.19 11.50 0.00 0.00 0.29 0.00 0.01 1.56 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.01 53.26 0.02 0.10 0.00 0.73 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.01 4.96 0.00 2003 0.00 0.00 0.20 0.02 8.73 0.00 0.01 0.00 2003 0.00 0.59 0.00 equipment 0.00 0.01 Machinery andtransport 2003 0.01 2.15 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 Other semi-manufactures 0.00 0.00 2003 0.01 0.01 0.22 0.00 0.17 0.00 1.95 2003 0.02 0.05 Chemicals 0.01 2003 0.00 Iron andsteel 0.13 0.16 Non-ferrous metals 2003 Fuels Ores andotherminerals ltig20 .807 .945 .848 .316 .900 .201 .014.95 8.20 12.33 46.24 0.16 0.76 2.27 0.02 0.03 0.71 0.09 0.00 0.04 0.19 0.05 0.72 1.65 0.00 0.07 0.03 0.09 4.19 4.89 0.01 0.16 3.68 0.27 16.95 4.52 0.72 0.07 1.99 10.03 0.20 0.34 0.74 0.02 1.88 6.54 8.57 2003 0.47 0.33 2003 2003 Other manufactures Clothing Textiles 1.85 0.08 0.02 2.49 0.00 0.37 0.03 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.15 0.00 0.05 1.67 0.04 0.08 0.03 2003 1.63 0.04 2003 Raw materials Food Forsourcesandmethods,seetheTechnicalNotes. : rnpr qimn 0300 .500 .300 .100 .900 .300 .100 2.41 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.11 9.61 0.01 0.58 0.49 0.13 0.08 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.02 1.65 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.01 2003 0.04 0.07 0.00 0.01 0.01 Transport equipment 0.18 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.07 0.00 0.00 0.03 8.51 0.00 0.45 0.22 2003 0.13 2003 Other chemicals Pharmaceuticals te ahnr 20 .11.201 .001 .700 .400 .300 .607 29.78 0.78 0.46 0.02 0.73 0.03 1.94 0.03 4.67 89.54 1.85 0.16 3.65 3.60 70.81 1.51 0.06 0.10 2.81 3.31 14.22 0.31 0.04 0.16 2003 2.90 3.90 0.10 0.09 3.11 8.02 0.09 Other machinery 0.27 7.07 10.84 0.25 0.27 48.14 7.77 0.49 0.19 2004 37.39 0.43 2003 equipment Office andtelecom ntuet 0400 .700 .400 .500 .200 .100 .701 4.52 0.18 11.11 0.17 0.02 0.01 3.88 0.23 10.83 0.11 0.18 0.00 31.54 0.02 2.07 0.01 0.12 0.25 0.20 0.40 0.22 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.10 1.25 0.20 0.42 0.75 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.01 0.16 5.11 1.25 2.78 0.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.15 0.06 0.68 2.19 5.09 11.19 2.27 0.02 0.01 0.69 0.00 0.08 0.55 0.36 7.34 2.14 2004 0.07 0.00 0.26 0.01 2004 1.98 4.28 0.29 0.06 0.41 0.00 manu 2003 Miscellaneous 2003 2003 instruments Scientific andcontrolling hold goods Personal andhouse- 0.36 0.01 2.12 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.04 0.22 0.03 0.00 2003 1.41 0.04 2003 Other foodproducts Fish ahnr 0401 .900 .900 .300 .800 .100 .402 7.90 0.29 6.91 3.31 19.90 0.04 0.50 0.27 0.01 0.01 0.37 0.04 0.06 2.97 0.11 0.00 0.77 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.60 0.10 0.04 0.06 0.64 0.28 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 1.61 0.21 0.15 0.03 0.01 0.63 0.02 1.77 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.00 3.87 0.61 0.18 0.12 0.02 0.49 0.15 36.79 0.00 0.09 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 19.03 0.01 0.00 0.00 2.96 0.36 0.32 0.80 0.20 27.61 0.08 1.16 5.49 0.09 0.68 0.00 0.09 0.01 0.00 0.00 1.31 0.00 28.14 0.00 0.13 23.65 0.00 0.00 8.13 0.86 0.08 4.82 1.45 0.03 0.28 0.63 0.09 2004 0.66 0.15 0.01 0.01 0.12 0.14 0.01 0.00 0.78 1.74 0.00 0.00 0.72 2003 0.00 0.00 2003 2004 0.60 0.00 0.09 1.27 0.01 0.10 2.12 0.01 0.03 0.22 0.01 0.55 0.32 0.00 0.00 0.61 Electrical machinery 0.01 0.00 2003 1.33 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.17 machinery 5.14 2004 0.07 0.03 Non-electrical 1.56 0.41 0.00 0.00 1.22 0.00 machinery 2.44 0.00 0.06 2003 0.07 Power generating 7.21 0.19 1.48 4.26 0.29 0.00 2.39 0.00 3.22 0.00 0.07 0.21 equipment 14.74 2003 0.16 4.84 Other transport 0.02 13.84 2.64 0.26 14.86 0.00 2004 0.11 Automotive products 0.10 2003 11.26 2004 12.28 0.06 0.10 2003 2003 Integrated circuits equipment Telecommunications equipment EDP andoffice f cue 0403 .302 .906 15 .431 .705 .304 .633.60 2.06 0.41 0.03 0.50 0.07 3.15 0.14 11.54 0.66 7.59 0.27 4.63 0.39 2004 actures (continued) 0404 .600 .600 .200 .600 .500 .306 3.52 0.64 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.04 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.06 0.01 2.96 0.45 2004 0401 .400 .400 .800 .100 .300 .702 13.43 0.28 0.07 0.00 0.13 0.01 0.51 0.01 2.38 0.03 1.84 0.01 5.54 0.18 2004 0401 06 .335 .440 .318 .106 .104 .424.04 0.54 0.46 0.01 0.64 0.01 1.82 1.54 0.03 0.01 4.04 0.00 0.14 0.00 25.14 3.56 1.14 0.01 0.13 0.00 1.63 10.65 0.05 0.01 0.14 0.00 2004 2.05 0.15 0.03 0.00 0.44 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.44 0.08 1.17 0.00 0.40 2004 0.09 18.55 0.37 2004 4.12 0.52 0.04 0.01 0.08 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.17 0.04 0.06 0.03 2.95 0.14 2004 o.x eep o.x eep o.x eep o.x eep o.x eep o.x eep o.x re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp re-exp. dom.exp hn U(5 ntdSae Japan UnitedStates EU(25) China api hns Korea,Republico Taipei, Chinese f Worldb 235 Appendix tables Table A22 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Japan

(Billion dollars)

North South & Central America America Europe CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 0.67 21.05 0.04 3.70 0.48 7.49 0.03 1.72 0.07 1.35 0.07 0.09 3.47 23.06 2004 0.72 21.80 0.04 4.51 0.53 8.49 0.03 1.99 0.09 1.41 0.10 0.10 3.96 27.13 Food 2003 0.48 17.53 0.01 2.91 0.12 6.09 0.02 1.10 0.01 0.90 0.03 0.07 1.71 18.59 2004 0.51 17.97 0.01 3.64 0.13 6.92 0.03 1.11 0.02 0.88 0.03 0.09 1.95 22.12 Fish 2003 0.16 1.71 0.01 0.89 0.03 1.17 0.01 1.05 0.01 0.38 0.01 0.02 0.68 7.54 2004 0.15 1.91 0.01 1.06 0.02 1.22 0.02 1.08 0.01 0.35 0.01 0.03 0.83 8.59 Other food products 2003 0.32 15.82 0.00 2.02 0.10 4.92 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.52 0.02 0.05 1.02 11.05 2004 0.35 16.06 0.00 2.58 0.11 5.70 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.53 0.02 0.06 1.12 13.53 Raw materials 2003 0.19 3.53 0.03 0.79 0.36 1.40 0.01 0.62 0.05 0.45 0.04 0.02 1.76 4.47 2004 0.21 3.83 0.03 0.87 0.39 1.57 0.01 0.88 0.07 0.53 0.06 0.02 2.01 5.00 Fuels and mining products 2003 0.63 3.30 0.06 3.03 0.38 1.46 0.01 2.45 0.02 3.68 0.14 50.00 6.57 36.00 2004 0.87 4.63 0.11 4.81 0.50 1.73 0.03 3.50 0.02 5.61 0.16 61.35 9.38 43.81 Ores and other minerals 2003 0.06 1.09 0.00 2.16 0.08 0.37 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.41 0.00 0.05 1.69 6.19 2004 0.08 1.39 0.00 3.76 0.10 0.36 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.45 0.00 0.09 2.88 7.86 Fuels 2003 0.24 1.40 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.36 0.01 0.91 0.01 1.73 0.01 49.74 1.19 26.98 2004 0.34 2.02 0.09 0.06 0.07 0.18 0.01 1.47 0.01 2.91 0.01 61.00 1.75 31.82 Non-ferrous metals 2003 0.33 0.82 0.01 0.82 0.24 0.73 0.00 1.50 0.01 1.55 0.13 0.21 3.68 2.83 2004 0.45 1.22 0.02 1.00 0.33 1.18 0.02 1.96 0.01 2.25 0.15 0.26 4.75 4.13 Manufactures 2003 122.09 43.46 6.30 0.91 75.84 45.91 2.13 0.34 4.67 1.40 12.34 1.09 209.83 125.35 2004 135.19 46.38 7.91 1.09 89.72 53.14 3.67 0.61 6.38 1.62 13.91 1.24 260.93 151.96 Iron and steel 2003 1.36 0.13 0.18 0.19 0.58 0.22 0.16 0.20 0.28 0.32 0.75 0.00 14.57 2.27 2004 1.83 0.17 0.20 0.26 0.83 0.34 0.25 0.42 0.26 0.49 0.77 0.00 19.15 3.90 Chemicals 2003 7.68 8.30 0.33 0.28 6.02 12.91 0.03 0.07 0.13 0.07 0.26 0.53 24.51 7.28 2004 8.14 9.20 0.37 0.38 6.88 15.00 0.04 0.10 0.14 0.10 0.27 0.55 32.16 9.06 Pharmaceuticals 2003 1.71 1.41 0.02 0.01 0.92 4.33 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.51 0.42 2004 1.78 1.56 0.02 0.01 1.12 5.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.60 0.48 Other chemicals 2003 5.96 6.88 0.31 0.27 5.10 8.57 0.03 0.07 0.12 0.07 0.24 0.51 24.00 6.86 2004 6.37 7.64 0.36 0.37 5.76 9.95 0.04 0.09 0.14 0.10 0.25 0.54 31.56 8.58 Other semi-manufactures 2003 5.30 2.37 0.32 0.08 3.09 3.05 0.09 0.03 0.42 0.05 0.79 0.23 10.19 10.73 2004 5.82 2.56 0.38 0.10 3.67 3.38 0.11 0.04 0.49 0.05 0.91 0.23 12.56 13.47 Machinery and transport 2003 97.13 24.02 5.17 0.25 58.76 17.13 1.75 0.01 3.65 0.89 9.80 0.16 133.49 63.24 equipment 2004 107.16 25.14 6.59 0.22 69.79 20.18 3.15 0.01 5.24 0.91 11.12 0.24 161.66 77.74 Office and telecom 2003 20.68 8.95 0.59 0.18 18.44 2.89 0.22 0.00 0.17 0.01 0.60 0.08 49.34 42.41 equipment 2004 23.08 9.12 0.67 0.15 22.00 2.88 0.27 0.01 0.23 0.01 0.78 0.14 55.33 51.97 Electronic data processing 2003 8.19 3.41 0.05 0.01 6.59 1.34 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.07 0.04 9.20 19.40 and office equipment 2004 8.69 3.36 0.08 0.01 7.34 1.32 0.03 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.07 0.09 9.57 22.32 Telecommunications 2003 9.51 1.47 0.19 0.01 9.07 0.69 0.19 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.50 0.04 11.05 10.70 equipment 2004 11.10 1.47 0.26 0.00 10.98 0.55 0.23 0.00 0.17 0.00 0.66 0.05 12.48 14.01 Integrated circuits and 2003 2.98 4.07 0.36 0.17 2.78 0.86 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 29.08 12.31 electronic components 2004 3.29 4.29 0.33 0.13 3.68 1.01 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.01 33.28 15.64 Transport equipment 2003 56.13 6.71 3.49 0.02 25.28 7.39 1.16 0.00 2.64 0.85 7.21 0.00 27.61 2.92 2004 59.49 6.17 4.57 0.03 29.59 9.16 2.33 0.00 4.01 0.86 7.77 0.00 32.83 3.48 Automotive products 2003 48.46 2.20 2.77 0.00 19.43 6.45 1.10 0.00 2.41 0.85 6.91 0.00 21.66 1.62 2004 50.36 1.74 3.62 0.01 23.25 8.30 2.26 0.00 3.40 0.85 7.47 0.00 25.37 1.90 Other transport equipmen 2003 7.67 4.51 0.72 0.01 5.85 0.93 0.06 0.00 0.23 0.00 0.30 0.00 5.96 1.30 2004 9.13 4.43 0.96 0.02 6.34 0.86 0.06 0.00 0.61 0.01 0.30 0.00 7.45 1.58 Other machinery 2003 20.31 8.35 1.09 0.05 15.04 6.85 0.38 0.00 0.84 0.02 1.99 0.08 56.54 17.91 2004 24.59 9.85 1.35 0.04 18.19 8.13 0.56 0.01 1.00 0.04 2.57 0.09 73.51 22.29 Power generating 2003 1.81 2.79 0.12 0.00 1.04 0.64 0.01 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.16 0.00 2.50 1.25 machinery 2004 2.04 3.22 0.09 0.00 1.43 0.79 0.05 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.29 0.00 3.41 1.47

Appendix tables Non-electrical machinery 2003 12.92 3.29 0.71 0.04 9.33 4.28 0.30 0.00 0.54 0.02 1.36 0.03 34.13 5.26 2004 15.88 4.13 0.94 0.03 11.44 5.13 0.43 0.00 0.74 0.03 1.57 0.03 45.71 7.21 Electrical machinery 2003 5.58 2.27 0.27 0.01 4.66 1.92 0.06 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.46 0.04 19.90 11.39 2004 6.67 2.50 0.32 0.01 5.32 2.22 0.07 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.70 0.06 24.39 13.62 Textiles 2003 0.52 0.27 0.02 0.02 0.55 0.74 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.24 0.02 5.06 3.96 2004 0.58 0.28 0.02 0.02 0.61 0.80 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.25 0.03 5.64 4.44 Clothing 2003 0.07 0.28 0.00 0.03 0.09 1.72 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.34 17.42 2004 0.08 0.29 0.00 0.04 0.10 1.82 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.42 19.49 Other manufactures 2003 10.04 8.10 0.27 0.05 6.75 10.15 0.08 0.02 0.17 0.03 0.51 0.15 21.68 20.46 2004 11.57 8.74 0.35 0.07 7.84 11.63 0.11 0.02 0.22 0.02 0.59 0.19 29.34 23.85 Personal and 2003 0.19 0.50 0.01 0.03 0.08 2.60 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.35 7.26 household goods 2004 0.26 0.47 0.01 0.05 0.10 2.80 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.41 8.10 Scientific and controlling 2003 3.62 4.29 0.13 0.00 2.47 2.52 0.04 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.14 0.12 8.17 2.47 instruments 2004 4.52 4.89 0.19 0.01 3.13 3.07 0.06 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.18 0.16 11.53 3.18 Miscellaneous manufactures 2003 6.23 3.31 0.14 0.02 4.19 5.03 0.04 0.01 0.10 0.01 0.36 0.03 13.16 10.73 2004 6.80 3.38 0.15 0.02 4.61 5.76 0.06 0.02 0.10 0.01 0.40 0.03 17.40 12.57 Total merchandise a 2003 128.59 69.31 6.46 7.67 80.04 55.75 2.19 4.64 4.84 6.45 12.89 51.24 231.33 188.39 2004 142.50 74.29 8.14 10.45 94.78 64.60 3.77 6.20 6.60 8.68 14.47 62.73 288.94 228.30

236 Table A22 (continued) Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Japan

(Billion dollars)

United States China EU (25) Korea, Republic of Taipei, Chinese Hong Kong, China World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 0.62 16.21 0.96 7.13 0.46 6.58 0.50 1.43 0.57 1.26 0.50 0.03 4.82 58.46 2004 0.66 16.11 1.19 8.50 0.50 7.47 0.57 1.58 0.61 1.43 0.58 0.03 5.47 65.43 Food 2003 0.44 14.41 0.20 6.18 0.11 5.21 0.28 1.24 0.40 1.06 0.40 0.03 2.38 47.19 2004 0.47 14.29 0.30 7.48 0.13 5.97 0.34 1.37 0.42 1.21 0.46 0.03 2.69 52.73 Fish 2003 0.15 1.21 0.10 2.37 0.02 0.41 0.13 0.66 0.06 0.86 0.20 0.01 0.91 12.75 2004 0.14 1.33 0.18 2.98 0.02 0.40 0.18 0.73 0.05 1.00 0.23 0.01 1.05 14.23 Other food products 2003 0.29 13.20 0.10 3.81 0.09 4.80 0.15 0.58 0.34 0.20 0.21 0.02 1.47 34.44 2004 0.33 12.96 0.12 4.50 0.11 5.56 0.16 0.63 0.37 0.21 0.24 0.02 1.63 38.50 Raw materials 2003 0.17 1.80 0.76 0.95 0.34 1.37 0.22 0.19 0.17 0.20 0.09 0.00 2.44 11.27 2004 0.19 1.82 0.89 1.02 0.37 1.50 0.23 0.21 0.19 0.23 0.11 0.00 2.78 12.69 Fuels and mining products 2003 0.59 1.77 1.90 3.81 0.36 1.04 1.52 2.81 1.17 0.31 0.46 0.02 7.80 99.93 2004 0.83 2.72 2.89 5.25 0.48 1.33 2.37 3.43 1.52 0.43 0.56 0.03 11.08 125.44 Ores and other minerals 2003 0.06 0.52 0.76 0.47 0.07 0.33 0.52 0.13 0.28 0.13 0.02 0.01 1.83 10.30 2004 0.08 0.65 1.15 0.54 0.10 0.30 1.07 0.17 0.45 0.19 0.02 0.02 3.07 13.97 Fuels 2003 0.22 0.83 0.40 2.54 0.05 0.12 0.42 2.51 0.08 0.10 0.06 0.00 1.56 81.17 2004 0.33 1.54 0.63 3.29 0.07 0.13 0.56 2.92 0.10 0.13 0.08 0.00 2.29 99.47 Non-ferrous metals 2003 0.32 0.42 0.74 0.79 0.24 0.59 0.58 0.18 0.81 0.08 0.38 0.01 4.41 8.46 2004 0.42 0.52 1.11 1.42 0.31 0.91 0.74 0.34 0.96 0.11 0.46 0.01 5.72 12.00 Manufactures 2003 111.35 40.63 52.21 63.93 71.84 41.78 31.52 13.27 28.29 12.04 27.08 1.05 438.86 218.47 2004 121.75 43.48 66.40 79.77 84.56 48.32 39.70 16.40 38.61 13.81 31.76 1.15 524.28 256.04 Iron and steel 2003 0.88 0.12 3.72 0.70 0.41 0.21 3.63 0.96 1.51 0.33 0.81 0.00 17.87 3.33 2004 1.22 0.16 4.89 1.35 0.60 0.31 4.95 1.65 2.00 0.47 0.99 0.00 23.29 5.57 Chemicals 2003 7.39 7.85 6.61 2.22 5.65 11.54 5.06 1.34 4.82 0.91 2.36 0.01 38.96 29.43 2004 7.85 8.72 9.14 2.99 6.39 13.35 6.67 1.78 6.57 0.97 2.84 0.01 48.01 34.38 Pharmaceuticals 2003 1.70 1.37 0.11 0.21 0.87 3.70 0.14 0.05 0.08 0.03 0.05 0.00 3.19 6.19 2004 1.76 1.51 0.15 0.23 1.01 4.32 0.16 0.07 0.09 0.02 0.05 0.00 3.54 7.11 Other chemicals 2003 5.69 6.49 6.51 2.01 4.78 7.84 4.93 1.28 4.74 0.88 2.30 0.01 35.77 23.23 2004 6.09 7.21 8.99 2.77 5.38 9.03 6.50 1.72 6.47 0.94 2.79 0.01 44.47 27.27 Other semi-manufactures 2003 4.77 2.12 2.24 4.27 2.90 2.95 1.45 1.01 1.37 0.61 1.27 0.14 20.19 16.55 2004 5.15 2.30 2.84 5.49 3.48 3.27 1.86 1.23 1.86 0.71 1.40 0.15 23.93 19.85 Machinery and transport 2003 88.40 22.42 32.17 25.66 55.78 16.41 16.68 8.30 16.26 8.43 17.89 0.48 315.40 105.69 equipment 2004 96.19 23.66 39.64 34.00 65.88 19.35 20.22 9.82 21.62 9.56 20.79 0.51 371.26 124.43 Office and telecom 2003 19.24 8.28 11.97 15.25 18.07 2.85 6.74 6.19 5.16 6.73 9.62 0.34 90.05 54.54 equipment 2004 21.17 8.43 13.22 20.63 21.47 2.83 7.39 7.10 5.72 7.68 11.38 0.35 102.36 64.28 Electronic data processing 2003 7.88 3.08 2.47 9.23 6.53 1.32 0.71 1.60 1.29 2.94 1.61 0.15 24.16 24.21 and office equipment 2004 8.39 3.06 3.00 12.01 7.29 1.30 0.66 1.95 0.97 2.37 1.58 0.14 25.83 27.10 Telecommunications 2003 8.73 1.26 3.32 5.19 8.79 0.67 1.60 1.25 0.69 0.53 2.41 0.06 30.64 12.91 equipment 2004 9.75 1.23 3.29 7.10 10.55 0.53 1.86 1.53 0.70 0.69 3.14 0.06 35.88 16.08 Integrated circuits and 2003 2.63 3.95 6.18 0.83 2.75 0.85 4.43 3.33 3.18 3.25 5.60 0.12 35.26 17.42 electronic components 2004 3.02 4.14 6.93 1.52 3.64 1.00 4.87 3.61 4.05 4.63 6.66 0.14 40.65 21.09 Transport equipment 2003 50.85 6.10 4.90 1.14 23.59 7.37 1.27 0.33 1.96 0.41 1.60 0.02 129.16 17.90 2004 52.78 5.71 5.50 1.45 27.19 9.12 1.43 0.44 2.75 0.47 2.06 0.02 147.10 19.70 Automotive products 2003 43.73 1.83 4.15 0.38 18.01 6.44 0.95 0.26 1.40 0.19 0.80 0.00 102.73 11.13 2004 45.28 1.42 4.59 0.55 21.21 8.28 1.03 0.33 1.77 0.19 0.79 0.00 115.73 12.80 Other transport equipmen 2003 7.12 4.28 0.75 0.76 5.58 0.92 0.33 0.07 0.56 0.22 0.80 0.01 26.43 6.77 2004 7.50 4.28 0.91 0.89 5.98 0.83 0.40 0.11 0.98 0.28 1.26 0.01 31.37 6.90 Other machinery 2003 18.30 8.03 15.30 9.27 14.12 6.19 8.67 1.77 9.14 1.30 6.67 0.13 96.19 33.26 2004 22.25 9.52 20.91 11.92 17.22 7.40 11.41 2.29 13.15 1.41 7.36 0.14 121.80 40.45 Power generating 2003 1.64 2.74 0.55 0.68 0.95 0.61 0.44 0.12 0.35 0.05 0.16 0.01 5.82 4.69 machinery 2004 1.90 3.17 0.94 0.86 1.38 0.73 0.54 0.15 0.42 0.05 0.17 0.01 7.40 5.48 Non-electrical machinery 2003 11.77 3.15 9.64 2.35 8.73 3.77 5.39 0.90 5.68 0.57 3.02 0.02 59.30 12.93 2004 14.53 4.01 13.10 3.42 10.79 4.59 7.37 1.31 8.93 0.67 3.15 0.02 76.71 16.57 Electrical machinery 2003 4.89 2.14 5.10 6.24 4.44 1.81 2.84 0.75 3.11 0.68 3.49 0.10 31.06 15.64 Appendix tables 2004 5.82 2.35 6.87 7.64 5.05 2.08 3.49 0.83 3.80 0.70 4.03 0.11 37.69 18.41 Textiles 2003 0.48 0.26 2.79 2.43 0.51 0.70 0.35 0.30 0.23 0.24 0.72 0.02 6.43 5.04 2004 0.53 0.27 3.14 2.78 0.57 0.75 0.35 0.32 0.27 0.30 0.80 0.02 7.14 5.60 Clothing 2003 0.07 0.24 0.04 15.58 0.09 1.62 0.05 0.34 0.09 0.06 0.14 0.06 0.51 19.48 2004 0.08 0.26 0.06 17.54 0.10 1.70 0.05 0.32 0.11 0.07 0.17 0.06 0.61 21.69 Other manufactures 2003 9.37 7.63 4.63 13.07 6.49 8.35 4.30 1.02 4.01 1.45 3.90 0.35 39.50 38.95 2004 10.73 8.12 6.70 15.62 7.54 9.59 5.60 1.27 6.18 1.73 4.76 0.39 50.03 44.52 Personal and 2003 0.18 0.40 0.12 5.28 0.08 2.54 0.03 0.15 0.04 0.36 0.05 0.02 0.64 10.41 household goods 2004 0.24 0.30 0.16 6.08 0.10 2.74 0.03 0.13 0.05 0.34 0.05 0.03 0.81 11.42 Scientific and controlling 2003 3.38 4.11 2.32 1.14 2.37 2.33 1.64 0.14 1.40 0.22 0.88 0.02 14.65 9.40 instruments 2004 4.16 4.63 3.20 1.61 3.02 2.85 2.33 0.21 2.08 0.36 1.36 0.02 19.70 11.32 Miscellaneous manufactures 2003 5.81 3.12 2.20 6.65 4.03 3.48 2.63 0.73 2.57 0.87 2.97 0.31 24.21 19.13 2004 6.33 3.20 3.34 7.94 4.42 4.00 3.24 0.93 4.06 1.02 3.35 0.34 29.51 21.78 Total merchandise a 2003 117.54 59.99 57.42 75.47 75.62 50.04 34.81 17.90 31.24 14.31 29.90 1.35 472.00 383.45 2004 128.69 63.70 73.94 94.34 89.21 57.90 44.26 22.05 42.01 16.69 35.43 1.63 565.76 455.25 a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note : For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

237 Table A23 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Korea, Rep. of

(Billion dollars)

North South & Central America America Europe CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 0.55 4.58 0.04 0.91 0.31 1.20 0.22 0.62 0.05 0.18 0.15 0.03 2.99 6.91 2004 0.63 4.69 0.07 1.35 0.36 1.44 0.24 0.61 0.05 0.18 0.20 0.04 3.43 7.71 Food 2003 0.32 2.87 0.01 0.74 0.12 0.95 0.20 0.34 0.01 0.09 0.12 0.02 1.89 4.85 2004 0.37 2.90 0.01 1.10 0.11 1.15 0.21 0.30 0.01 0.11 0.15 0.03 2.14 5.39 Fish 2003 0.07 0.21 0.00 0.05 0.08 0.09 0.00 0.30 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.82 1.22 2004 0.07 0.18 0.00 0.06 0.07 0.12 0.00 0.28 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.97 1.52 Other food products 2003 0.25 2.66 0.01 0.69 0.04 0.86 0.20 0.04 0.01 0.07 0.12 0.01 1.08 3.63 2004 0.31 2.72 0.01 1.04 0.05 1.03 0.20 0.02 0.01 0.09 0.15 0.02 1.16 3.87 Raw materials 2003 0.24 1.72 0.03 0.17 0.19 0.24 0.02 0.28 0.03 0.08 0.03 0.01 1.10 2.05 2004 0.26 1.80 0.05 0.24 0.25 0.29 0.04 0.31 0.04 0.08 0.05 0.01 1.29 2.32 Fuels and mining products 2003 0.65 2.02 0.12 2.10 0.16 0.96 0.03 1.29 0.05 1.90 0.13 25.45 8.59 14.79 2004 1.17 3.30 0.27 3.25 0.22 1.11 0.03 2.24 0.08 2.85 0.16 31.63 12.78 20.88 Ores and other minerals 2003 0.01 0.89 0.00 0.93 0.04 0.37 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.18 0.00 0.05 0.30 2.38 2004 0.03 1.56 0.00 1.58 0.02 0.40 0.00 0.60 0.00 0.24 0.00 0.09 0.46 3.39 Fuels 2003 0.47 0.69 0.11 0.65 0.05 0.22 0.02 0.57 0.03 1.40 0.02 25.24 6.19 9.85 2004 0.91 1.06 0.25 0.66 0.07 0.19 0.03 0.92 0.04 2.05 0.02 31.35 9.18 14.04 Non-ferrous metals 2003 0.17 0.45 0.01 0.52 0.08 0.37 0.01 0.45 0.02 0.32 0.10 0.15 2.09 2.56 2004 0.23 0.68 0.01 1.01 0.14 0.52 0.01 0.72 0.03 0.56 0.14 0.18 3.14 3.45 Manufactures 2003 38.42 20.20 4.76 0.96 29.27 18.99 2.33 1.06 2.52 0.43 7.25 0.93 90.24 69.75 2004 48.23 23.25 6.38 1.20 41.06 22.27 3.35 1.58 5.44 0.60 8.93 1.17 114.61 88.75 Iron and steel 2003 0.75 0.13 0.09 0.50 0.41 0.49 0.02 0.71 0.09 0.27 0.49 0.01 5.93 5.24 2004 1.51 0.17 0.13 0.70 0.62 0.84 0.04 1.18 0.11 0.37 0.73 0.02 8.49 8.91 Chemicals 2003 1.23 3.62 0.51 0.16 1.29 3.59 0.53 0.23 0.47 0.03 0.51 0.59 12.40 8.26 2004 1.74 4.50 0.50 0.20 1.55 4.28 0.68 0.26 0.66 0.04 0.71 0.75 17.28 10.63 Pharmaceuticals 2003 0.03 0.20 0.03 0.00 0.06 0.81 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.21 0.34 2004 0.06 0.27 0.03 0.00 0.08 1.03 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.23 0.40 Other chemicals 2003 1.20 3.42 0.48 0.16 1.23 2.78 0.52 0.23 0.46 0.03 0.48 0.59 12.19 7.92 2004 1.68 4.23 0.47 0.20 1.47 3.25 0.67 0.26 0.63 0.03 0.68 0.75 17.05 10.22 Other semi-manufactures 2003 2.10 1.10 0.19 0.06 1.15 1.49 0.07 0.01 0.19 0.03 0.54 0.05 4.84 4.32 2004 2.55 1.06 0.25 0.07 1.40 1.62 0.09 0.02 0.20 0.02 0.57 0.03 5.72 5.29 Machinery and transport 2003 29.58 12.45 3.03 0.21 23.51 9.69 1.35 0.06 1.33 0.07 4.59 0.23 54.93 39.76 equipment 2004 37.63 14.26 4.51 0.20 34.07 11.57 2.19 0.06 4.07 0.08 5.84 0.26 68.70 48.62 Office and telecom 2003 14.22 7.00 0.94 0.08 10.43 2.21 0.40 0.00 0.33 0.01 1.40 0.13 36.10 22.57 equipment 2004 18.19 7.57 1.60 0.04 15.49 2.35 0.47 0.01 0.49 0.01 1.53 0.16 44.80 25.22 EDP and office 2003 3.79 0.70 0.11 0.01 3.87 0.42 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.12 0.01 10.13 4.30 equipment 2004 4.08 0.69 0.17 0.01 4.41 0.42 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.12 0.01 12.69 4.76 Telecommunications 2003 7.84 1.02 0.71 0.01 4.90 0.42 0.34 0.00 0.30 0.00 1.16 0.04 11.39 4.00 equipment 2004 10.91 1.01 1.23 0.01 9.33 0.48 0.39 0.00 0.45 0.00 1.29 0.05 12.99 4.86 Integrated circuits 2003 2.60 5.28 0.11 0.07 1.66 1.38 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.12 0.09 14.58 14.28 2004 3.19 5.87 0.21 0.02 1.75 1.45 0.05 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.12 0.10 19.12 15.60 Transport equipment 2003 11.22 1.16 1.64 0.07 9.73 1.89 0.61 0.03 0.56 0.03 1.91 0.04 6.99 2.02 2004 14.43 1.46 2.27 0.11 14.29 2.39 1.24 0.03 2.98 0.01 2.56 0.04 8.37 2.51 Automotive products 2003 10.60 0.43 0.62 0.05 5.64 1.28 0.51 0.00 0.45 0.00 1.38 0.00 3.85 1.28 2004 12.75 0.45 1.05 0.09 8.82 1.51 1.18 0.00 0.78 0.00 2.18 0.00 5.48 1.41 Other transport 2003 0.62 0.73 1.02 0.02 4.09 0.61 0.11 0.02 0.11 0.03 0.53 0.04 3.14 0.75 equipment 2004 1.68 1.01 1.22 0.02 5.47 0.89 0.06 0.03 2.20 0.01 0.38 0.03 2.88 1.10 Other machinery 2003 4.14 4.29 0.45 0.06 3.36 5.59 0.33 0.03 0.44 0.03 1.29 0.06 11.83 15.16 2004 5.01 5.23 0.64 0.05 4.28 6.82 0.48 0.02 0.61 0.06 1.75 0.07 15.53 20.89 Power generating 2003 0.44 0.54 0.01 0.00 0.13 0.37 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.47 0.92 machinery 2004 0.44 0.74 0.00 0.00 0.14 0.49 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.15 0.00 0.57 1.12 Non-electrical 2003 2.06 2.62 0.26 0.05 1.66 4.06 0.16 0.02 0.28 0.02 0.76 0.02 6.37 6.47

Appendix tables machinery 2004 2.63 3.25 0.40 0.04 2.16 4.93 0.24 0.02 0.41 0.04 0.94 0.02 8.34 8.93 Electrical machinery 2003 1.64 1.12 0.19 0.01 1.57 1.16 0.17 0.00 0.14 0.00 0.48 0.04 4.99 7.77 2004 1.94 1.23 0.23 0.01 1.98 1.41 0.22 0.01 0.18 0.01 0.66 0.05 6.62 10.84 Textiles 2003 1.16 0.20 0.79 0.01 1.16 0.44 0.23 0.04 0.34 0.01 0.85 0.00 6.20 2.42 2004 1.20 0.21 0.82 0.01 1.17 0.44 0.19 0.04 0.31 0.01 0.82 0.01 6.29 2.68 Clothing 2003 1.99 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.59 0.32 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.93 2.17 2004 1.80 0.04 0.04 0.01 0.57 0.32 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.91 2.37 Other manufactures 2003 1.62 2.65 0.12 0.01 1.15 2.96 0.10 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.24 0.04 5.01 7.59 2004 1.80 3.02 0.13 0.01 1.68 3.21 0.11 0.01 0.08 0.07 0.24 0.10 7.23 10.25 Personal and house- 2003 0.14 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.09 0.36 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.59 0.94 hold goods 2004 0.14 0.06 0.02 0.00 0.07 0.32 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.65 1.12 Scientific and controlling 2003 0.24 1.39 0.02 0.00 0.30 1.13 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.06 0.02 1.32 2.41 instruments 2004 0.31 1.70 0.03 0.00 0.61 1.38 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.06 0.08 3.18 3.60 Miscellaneous 2003 1.23 1.20 0.09 0.00 0.77 1.48 0.07 0.01 0.06 0.00 0.16 0.01 3.10 4.25 manufactures 2004 1.35 1.27 0.09 0.01 1.01 1.51 0.07 0.01 0.06 0.06 0.17 0.02 3.39 5.53 Total merchandise a 2003 39.67 27.13 4.92 3.97 29.92 21.97 2.58 3.03 2.62 2.52 7.54 26.41 103.67 93.59 2004 50.05 31.52 6.72 5.81 41.80 26.27 3.62 4.55 5.58 3.64 9.33 32.85 133.69 119.48

238 Table A23 (continued) Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Korea, Rep. of

(Billion dollars)

ChinaUnited States Japan EU (25) Hong Kong, China Taipei, Chinese World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 0.64 2.66 0.48 3.89 1.43 0.55 0.29 1.12 0.16 0.01 0.12 0.14 4.32 14.42 2004 0.80 2.28 0.56 3.92 1.60 0.61 0.34 1.33 0.19 0.02 0.13 0.16 4.98 16.04 Food 2003 0.20 2.41 0.28 2.65 1.24 0.33 0.11 0.89 0.10 0.01 0.07 0.07 2.68 9.87 2004 0.29 2.02 0.33 2.65 1.38 0.36 0.11 1.06 0.11 0.02 0.07 0.09 3.00 10.99 Fish 2003 0.07 0.71 0.06 0.14 0.65 0.14 0.08 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.04 0.98 1.90 2004 0.12 0.90 0.06 0.13 0.73 0.18 0.07 0.07 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.06 1.12 2.19 Other food products 2003 0.13 1.70 0.22 2.51 0.59 0.18 0.03 0.84 0.08 0.01 0.06 0.02 1.69 7.97 2004 0.17 1.11 0.27 2.52 0.65 0.18 0.04 0.99 0.09 0.01 0.06 0.02 1.88 8.80 Raw materials 2003 0.44 0.25 0.20 1.24 0.20 0.23 0.18 0.23 0.07 0.00 0.06 0.07 1.65 4.55 2004 0.51 0.26 0.22 1.26 0.22 0.24 0.23 0.27 0.08 0.00 0.05 0.07 1.98 5.05 Fuels and mining products 2003 2.78 2.75 0.61 1.53 2.96 1.71 0.15 0.62 0.88 0.03 0.30 0.61 9.73 48.53 2004 4.16 3.86 1.10 2.54 3.92 2.66 0.20 0.94 1.38 0.06 0.52 0.37 14.73 65.29 Ores and other minerals 2003 0.13 0.24 0.01 0.78 0.12 0.59 0.04 0.19 0.01 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.35 5.08 2004 0.22 0.35 0.03 1.28 0.16 1.16 0.02 0.36 0.01 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.51 7.88 Fuels 2003 1.87 1.62 0.46 0.48 2.64 0.50 0.05 0.12 0.61 0.00 0.07 0.52 6.90 38.63 2004 2.80 2.10 0.90 0.78 3.39 0.71 0.07 0.17 0.99 0.00 0.16 0.22 10.53 50.28 Non-ferrous metals 2003 0.79 0.89 0.14 0.27 0.19 0.62 0.06 0.31 0.26 0.01 0.22 0.06 2.48 4.82 2004 1.15 1.40 0.18 0.48 0.37 0.78 0.12 0.41 0.38 0.01 0.33 0.10 3.70 7.13 Manufactures 2003 31.65 16.48 33.26 19.19 12.88 34.03 26.56 17.42 12.02 1.27 6.60 5.13 177.68 112.51 2004 44.74 23.40 41.35 22.19 16.17 42.86 37.35 20.61 13.91 1.53 9.16 6.78 231.05 139.13 Iron and steel 2003 2.71 0.85 0.57 0.08 0.95 3.80 0.33 0.44 0.54 0.00 0.25 0.17 7.78 7.35 2004 3.45 2.76 1.21 0.15 1.66 5.24 0.54 0.71 0.67 0.01 0.38 0.21 11.63 12.18 Chemicals 2003 6.22 1.32 0.94 3.29 1.38 5.26 1.11 3.34 0.98 0.01 1.08 0.30 16.94 16.48 2004 9.18 1.78 1.34 4.10 1.77 6.79 1.29 4.01 1.23 0.02 1.53 0.45 23.13 20.65 Pharmaceuticals 2003 0.02 0.08 0.02 0.16 0.05 0.13 0.05 0.72 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.38 1.36 2004 0.02 0.10 0.04 0.23 0.05 0.16 0.07 0.93 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.46 1.71 Other chemicals 2003 6.20 1.24 0.92 3.13 1.33 5.12 1.06 2.62 0.98 0.01 1.06 0.30 16.55 15.12 2004 9.15 1.68 1.30 3.87 1.71 6.63 1.22 3.09 1.22 0.02 1.51 0.45 22.66 18.95 Other semi-manufactures 2003 1.58 1.50 1.77 1.05 1.12 1.59 1.07 1.42 0.60 0.04 0.22 0.09 9.09 7.06 2004 1.80 1.96 2.13 1.01 1.42 1.99 1.26 1.55 0.61 0.05 0.34 0.12 10.79 8.13 Machinery and transport 2003 17.12 7.75 25.71 12.00 7.37 18.63 21.51 8.74 7.74 0.99 4.66 4.12 121.14 62.66 equipment 2004 24.23 11.02 32.40 13.80 9.00 22.29 31.29 10.67 9.59 1.21 6.35 5.30 159.99 75.36 Office and telecom 2003 10.57 3.98 12.54 6.72 5.14 7.68 10.13 1.95 6.63 0.76 3.83 3.31 63.81 32.02 equipment 2004 14.36 5.72 16.08 7.29 5.99 7.47 14.93 2.30 7.81 0.91 5.14 4.24 82.58 35.35 EDP and office 2003 3.89 1.59 3.17 0.67 1.16 0.73 3.83 0.41 1.96 0.10 1.09 0.54 18.07 5.43 equipment 2004 5.66 2.38 3.60 0.66 1.46 0.73 4.34 0.41 2.68 0.12 0.70 0.44 21.54 5.88 Telecommunications 2003 4.11 1.26 6.97 0.85 1.09 1.91 4.66 0.40 2.00 0.10 0.57 0.17 26.63 5.49 equipment 2004 4.72 1.83 9.58 0.84 1.39 2.03 8.87 0.46 1.95 0.12 0.55 0.17 36.60 6.41 Integrated circuits 2003 2.57 1.13 2.40 5.20 2.88 5.05 1.64 1.13 2.68 0.56 2.17 2.61 19.11 21.10 2004 3.98 1.51 2.91 5.79 3.14 4.71 1.72 1.43 3.17 0.67 3.88 3.62 24.45 23.06 Transport equipment 2003 1.56 0.14 9.70 1.11 0.39 1.49 8.29 1.86 0.25 0.00 0.16 0.03 35.47 5.41 2004 2.83 0.22 12.09 1.42 0.49 1.86 12.51 2.35 0.73 0.00 0.27 0.05 49.10 6.87 Automotive products 2003 1.42 0.04 9.26 0.40 0.30 0.97 4.94 1.27 0.03 0.00 0.12 0.01 23.12 3.04 2004 2.23 0.06 11.22 0.43 0.37 1.04 7.37 1.50 0.02 0.00 0.21 0.01 32.32 3.46 Other transport 2003 0.14 0.10 0.43 0.71 0.09 0.52 3.35 0.59 0.22 0.00 0.04 0.03 12.36 2.37 equipment 2004 0.60 0.16 0.88 1.00 0.12 0.82 5.14 0.84 0.71 0.00 0.06 0.04 16.78 3.40 Other machinery 2003 4.99 3.62 3.48 4.17 1.85 9.46 3.08 4.94 0.86 0.23 0.67 0.77 21.85 25.22 2004 7.04 5.09 4.22 5.08 2.52 12.95 3.84 6.02 1.05 0.30 0.94 1.02 28.30 33.14 Power generating 2003 0.18 0.36 0.39 0.53 0.10 0.41 0.12 0.32 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01 1.12 1.85 machinery 2004 0.25 0.42 0.39 0.72 0.13 0.50 0.13 0.41 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.02 1.34 2.36 Non-electrical 2003 3.03 0.47 1.65 2.57 0.85 5.43 1.48 3.53 0.22 0.03 0.25 0.17 11.57 13.27 machinery 2004 3.88 0.73 2.13 3.18 1.26 7.55 1.84 4.28 0.27 0.03 0.49 0.22 15.13 17.22 Electrical machinery 2003 1.78 2.80 1.44 1.07 0.90 3.63 1.49 1.08 0.58 0.18 0.40 0.59 9.17 10.10 Appendix tables 2004 2.92 3.94 1.71 1.18 1.13 4.91 1.87 1.34 0.72 0.24 0.43 0.77 11.84 13.57 Textiles 2003 2.15 1.09 0.97 0.17 0.31 0.37 0.88 0.42 1.08 0.02 0.13 0.14 10.78 3.13 2004 2.23 1.22 1.01 0.17 0.32 0.37 0.85 0.41 1.03 0.02 0.14 0.18 10.84 3.38 Clothing 2003 0.25 1.95 1.86 0.03 0.48 0.06 0.57 0.31 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.01 3.64 2.55 2004 0.25 2.14 1.68 0.04 0.47 0.05 0.55 0.30 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.01 3.39 2.75 Other manufactures 2003 1.61 2.01 1.45 2.56 1.27 4.33 1.08 2.74 1.03 0.16 0.23 0.30 8.31 13.27 2004 3.60 2.52 1.59 2.92 1.54 6.12 1.56 2.97 0.75 0.18 0.37 0.52 11.29 16.68 Personal and house- 2003 0.30 0.71 0.12 0.05 0.15 0.04 0.08 0.35 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.86 1.36 hold goods 2004 0.34 0.89 0.12 0.05 0.14 0.03 0.06 0.31 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.92 1.50 Scientific and controlling 2003 0.69 0.38 0.22 1.35 0.27 1.70 0.29 1.03 0.12 0.02 0.12 0.13 1.97 4.97 instruments 2004 2.32 0.52 0.25 1.64 0.27 2.67 0.57 1.28 0.20 0.04 0.20 0.18 4.23 6.77 Miscellaneous 2003 0.62 0.91 1.11 1.15 0.85 2.59 0.71 1.36 0.90 0.13 0.11 0.16 5.48 6.94 manufactures 2004 0.93 1.11 1.22 1.23 1.13 3.42 0.93 1.37 0.53 0.13 0.16 0.33 6.14 8.40 Total merchandise a 2003 35.11 21.91 34.37 24.93 17.28 36.31 27.03 19.82 14.65 2.74 7.04 5.88 193.82 178.83 2004 49.76 29.58 43.03 28.92 21.70 46.14 37.89 24.19 18.13 3.27 9.84 7.31 253.84 224.46 a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

239 Table A24 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Singapore

(Billion dollars)

North South & Central America America Europe CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 0.20 0.47 0.02 0.20 0.30 0.83 0.05 0.00 0.16 0.12 0.14 0.03 2.38 3.13 2004 0.19 0.47 0.03 0.26 0.35 1.03 0.04 0.01 0.16 0.15 0.17 0.03 2.90 3.35 Food 2003 0.15 0.41 0.01 0.19 0.22 0.81 0.05 0.00 0.15 0.11 0.12 0.02 2.06 2.75 2004 0.14 0.42 0.01 0.24 0.25 1.00 0.04 0.01 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.03 2.49 2.93 Fish 2003 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.06 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.19 0.40 2004 0.05 0.02 0.00 0.04 0.08 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.24 0.49 Other food products 2003 0.10 0.40 0.01 0.15 0.16 0.77 0.05 0.00 0.15 0.09 0.11 0.01 1.87 2.35 2004 0.09 0.40 0.01 0.20 0.18 0.97 0.04 0.01 0.15 0.12 0.13 0.02 2.25 2.45 Raw materials 2003 0.05 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.08 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.32 0.38 2004 0.06 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.10 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.41 0.42 Fuels and mining products 2003 0.12 0.70 0.01 0.39 0.29 0.68 0.00 0.43 0.06 0.27 0.29 10.02 13.02 6.25 2004 0.21 0.68 0.02 0.44 0.28 0.98 0.01 0.46 0.07 0.54 0.37 14.11 18.37 9.22 Ores and other minerals 2003 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.34 0.15 2004 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.47 0.24 Fuels 2003 0.09 0.51 0.01 0.35 0.20 0.48 0.00 0.39 0.06 0.25 0.28 9.99 11.60 5.36 2004 0.18 0.43 0.02 0.39 0.16 0.75 0.01 0.36 0.06 0.49 0.36 14.06 16.46 7.82 Non-ferrous metals 2003 0.02 0.17 0.00 0.04 0.08 0.17 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03 1.08 0.74 2004 0.03 0.23 0.00 0.04 0.10 0.19 0.00 0.09 0.01 0.03 0.01 0.04 1.45 1.15 Manufactures 2003 21.12 17.22 0.39 0.25 19.50 17.41 0.21 0.19 1.07 0.39 2.16 0.86 76.95 66.14 2004 23.80 20.08 0.72 0.44 24.82 22.22 0.36 0.27 1.36 0.46 2.73 1.08 94.76 84.23 Iron and steel 2003 0.01 0.08 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.40 0.00 0.17 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.56 1.09 2004 0.01 0.11 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.54 0.00 0.25 0.02 0.04 0.07 0.01 0.84 1.69 Chemicals 2003 2.75 1.94 0.06 0.03 4.24 2.93 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.06 0.21 0.43 9.58 3.13 2004 2.08 2.26 0.07 0.05 6.17 3.46 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.06 0.26 0.56 12.08 4.09 Pharmaceuticals 2003 0.11 0.09 0.02 0.00 0.22 0.54 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.55 0.19 2004 0.11 0.10 0.01 0.00 0.40 0.58 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.58 0.22 Other chemicals 2003 2.63 1.85 0.04 0.03 4.02 2.40 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.06 0.20 0.43 9.03 2.94 2004 1.97 2.16 0.06 0.05 5.77 2.88 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.06 0.25 0.56 11.50 3.87 Other semi-manufactures 2003 0.14 0.51 0.02 0.04 0.28 1.10 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.02 0.08 0.08 2.24 2.86 2004 0.16 0.51 0.01 0.03 0.31 1.18 0.00 0.01 0.05 0.06 0.25 0.06 2.54 3.56 Machinery and transport 2003 16.07 12.59 0.26 0.13 13.36 10.65 0.20 0.01 0.77 0.25 1.44 0.28 55.97 51.49 equipment 2004 19.20 14.46 0.56 0.29 16.43 13.93 0.32 0.01 1.01 0.27 1.65 0.36 69.53 65.93 Office and telecom 2003 14.47 4.72 0.17 0.08 11.60 5.05 0.16 0.00 0.50 0.20 0.76 0.13 41.80 38.98 equipment 2004 17.10 5.79 0.30 0.16 14.52 5.86 0.25 0.00 0.66 0.21 0.83 0.16 52.56 50.49 EDP and office 2003 8.03 1.83 0.03 0.02 5.62 0.79 0.07 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.23 0.03 11.44 11.02 equipment 2004 8.31 1.83 0.03 0.03 5.51 0.95 0.09 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.19 0.02 13.40 12.68 Telecommunications 2003 2.12 0.32 0.09 0.00 1.37 0.55 0.08 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.47 0.04 4.07 6.74 equipment 2004 2.53 0.43 0.19 0.01 3.04 0.76 0.14 0.00 0.41 0.00 0.56 0.06 4.76 9.67 Integrated circuits 2003 4.32 2.58 0.06 0.05 4.61 3.71 0.01 0.00 0.08 0.19 0.06 0.06 26.29 21.22 2004 6.26 3.53 0.08 0.12 5.98 4.15 0.01 0.00 0.13 0.21 0.08 0.08 34.40 28.14 Transport equipment 2003 0.47 3.61 0.03 0.01 0.62 1.73 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.04 0.09 0.02 1.99 2.56 2004 0.55 2.91 0.18 0.08 0.46 2.78 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.04 0.15 0.02 2.44 2.86 Automotive products 2003 0.09 0.11 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.79 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.01 0.84 1.63 2004 0.09 0.20 0.05 0.01 0.07 1.02 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.04 0.09 0.01 1.15 1.96 Other transport 2003 0.38 3.50 0.01 0.01 0.58 0.94 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.01 1.15 0.93 equipment 2004 0.46 2.71 0.13 0.07 0.39 1.76 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.06 0.02 1.29 0.89 Other machinery 2003 1.14 4.25 0.07 0.04 1.14 3.87 0.04 0.01 0.20 0.01 0.58 0.14 12.17 9.95 2004 1.55 5.76 0.08 0.06 1.45 5.30 0.07 0.01 0.23 0.01 0.67 0.17 14.53 12.57 Power generating 2003 0.09 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.08 0.51 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.92 0.98 machinery 2004 0.09 1.02 0.00 0.01 0.08 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 1.00 1.10 Non-electrical machinery 2003 0.41 2.49 0.03 0.02 0.36 2.26 0.03 0.01 0.15 0.01 0.47 0.04 5.22 3.74 Appendix tables 2004 0.63 3.56 0.03 0.03 0.46 3.12 0.06 0.01 0.17 0.01 0.53 0.06 6.58 5.27 Electrical machinery 2003 0.64 0.96 0.04 0.02 0.69 1.09 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.10 0.10 6.02 5.24 2004 0.83 1.18 0.04 0.02 0.91 1.38 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.13 0.10 6.94 6.21 Textiles 2003 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.12 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.61 0.82 2004 0.01 0.06 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.59 0.83 Clothing 2003 1.01 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.61 0.15 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.16 1.74 2004 0.88 0.02 0.03 0.00 0.74 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.17 1.84 Other manufactures 2003 1.13 2.01 0.03 0.01 0.97 2.06 0.01 0.00 0.09 0.01 0.37 0.05 7.83 5.00 2004 1.46 2.66 0.04 0.02 1.12 2.81 0.02 0.00 0.11 0.02 0.47 0.09 9.00 6.29 Personal and house- 2003 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.13 0.59 hold goods 2004 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.20 0.64 Scientific and controlling 2003 0.59 0.96 0.01 0.00 0.30 0.77 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.02 2.04 1.04 instruments 2004 0.75 1.44 0.02 0.01 0.36 1.08 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.04 2.56 1.70 Miscellaneous 2003 0.53 1.02 0.02 0.01 0.57 1.11 0.01 0.00 0.07 0.01 0.33 0.03 5.67 3.38 manufactures 2004 0.71 1.19 0.02 0.01 0.65 1.49 0.01 0.00 0.09 0.01 0.44 0.05 6.24 3.95 Total merchandise a 2003 21.73 18.83 1.84 0.84 21.33 19.45 0.27 0.62 1.75 0.79 2.70 11.00 94.52 76.40 2004 24.51 21.63 2.37 1.15 26.87 24.76 0.41 0.75 2.15 1.16 3.38 15.30 118.48 97.82

240 Table A24 (continued) Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Singapore

(Billion dollars)

Malaysia EU (25) United States China Japan Hong Kong, China World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 0.51 1.13 0.28 0.77 0.17 0.43 0.16 0.39 0.42 0.14 0.16 0.04 3.25 4.78 2004 0.60 1.20 0.34 0.97 0.16 0.42 0.26 0.43 0.49 0.12 0.19 0.05 3.83 5.29 Food 2003 0.42 0.99 0.21 0.75 0.13 0.38 0.09 0.35 0.39 0.12 0.15 0.04 2.75 4.30 2004 0.51 1.03 0.24 0.95 0.12 0.37 0.14 0.39 0.45 0.09 0.18 0.04 3.22 4.77 Fish 2003 0.06 0.08 0.06 0.03 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.31 0.53 2004 0.10 0.09 0.07 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.00 0.04 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.39 0.62 Other food products 2003 0.36 0.91 0.15 0.72 0.08 0.37 0.08 0.32 0.36 0.10 0.11 0.03 2.44 3.77 2004 0.42 0.94 0.17 0.93 0.08 0.36 0.13 0.35 0.42 0.07 0.13 0.03 2.83 4.16 Raw materials 2003 0.09 0.13 0.08 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.49 0.48 2004 0.08 0.17 0.09 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.13 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.00 0.61 0.51 Fuels and mining products 2003 2.65 1.20 0.27 0.50 0.12 0.65 1.16 0.85 0.75 0.21 3.24 0.02 13.79 18.74 2004 3.62 1.93 0.27 0.82 0.21 0.62 1.81 1.01 1.09 0.27 3.69 0.03 19.34 26.42 Ores and other minerals 2003 0.07 0.02 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.06 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.05 0.00 0.35 0.22 2004 0.12 0.04 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.02 0.07 0.02 0.07 0.02 0.05 0.01 0.49 0.33 Fuels 2003 2.31 1.04 0.18 0.31 0.09 0.49 1.00 0.68 0.59 0.04 3.13 0.01 12.24 17.33 2004 3.17 1.65 0.16 0.60 0.18 0.43 1.48 0.77 0.89 0.05 3.55 0.01 17.24 24.32 Non-ferrous metals 2003 0.26 0.13 0.08 0.16 0.02 0.14 0.10 0.16 0.11 0.16 0.06 0.01 1.19 1.18 2004 0.33 0.24 0.09 0.18 0.03 0.17 0.26 0.22 0.14 0.19 0.09 0.01 1.60 1.77 Manufactures 2003 19.33 19.17 18.86 15.16 20.01 16.49 8.68 9.80 8.24 14.58 10.71 3.00 121.46 102.46 2004 22.53 21.54 23.95 19.64 22.46 19.13 13.02 14.57 9.62 18.06 13.29 3.52 148.54 128.78 Iron and steel 2003 0.25 0.13 0.01 0.32 0.01 0.08 0.04 0.13 0.01 0.48 0.04 0.00 0.64 1.80 2004 0.33 0.16 0.02 0.47 0.01 0.10 0.05 0.39 0.02 0.62 0.04 0.00 0.98 2.68 Chemicals 2003 1.62 0.61 4.22 2.58 2.50 1.89 1.89 0.33 0.84 1.01 0.84 0.07 16.95 8.53 2004 1.98 0.81 6.15 3.12 1.93 2.20 2.53 0.43 0.99 1.27 0.99 0.08 20.79 10.49 Pharmaceuticals 2003 0.07 0.03 0.22 0.44 0.09 0.09 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.91 0.82 2004 0.07 0.03 0.40 0.48 0.06 0.09 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.03 0.03 0.01 1.12 0.90 Other chemicals 2003 1.55 0.58 4.00 2.14 2.42 1.81 1.85 0.29 0.80 0.98 0.82 0.06 16.04 7.71 2004 1.91 0.78 5.75 2.64 1.87 2.10 2.49 0.38 0.93 1.23 0.96 0.07 19.67 9.59 Other semi-manufactures 2003 0.76 0.83 0.27 1.02 0.13 0.48 0.23 0.40 0.11 0.73 0.23 0.12 2.81 4.63 2004 0.88 0.88 0.30 1.11 0.14 0.48 0.23 0.53 0.12 0.85 0.24 0.17 3.34 5.41 Machinery and transport 2003 15.05 15.41 12.87 9.49 15.34 12.00 5.68 7.35 5.50 10.98 8.78 2.06 88.12 75.40 equipment 2004 17.45 17.31 15.73 12.57 18.16 13.67 9.22 11.11 6.61 13.58 10.94 2.43 108.70 95.25 Office and telecom 2003 10.43 13.42 11.18 4.22 13.87 4.32 4.17 5.54 4.48 5.72 7.44 1.66 69.47 49.15 equipment 2004 12.28 14.89 13.93 4.89 16.23 5.28 6.85 8.71 5.49 6.96 9.34 1.93 86.22 62.68 EDP and office 2003 1.60 3.42 5.58 0.78 7.74 1.72 1.43 3.02 1.79 1.31 1.95 0.44 25.52 13.69 equipment 2004 2.22 3.69 5.46 0.94 7.94 1.72 2.09 3.75 1.65 1.51 1.91 0.46 27.66 15.52 Telecommunications 2003 1.51 2.05 1.28 0.53 2.01 0.27 0.16 1.43 0.21 1.03 0.62 0.52 8.52 7.66 equipment 2004 1.52 2.56 2.88 0.72 2.37 0.32 0.32 3.21 0.25 1.35 0.72 0.49 11.63 10.93 Integrated circuits 2003 7.32 7.96 4.32 2.91 4.12 2.33 2.57 1.08 2.48 3.38 4.87 0.70 35.42 27.80 2004 8.55 8.64 5.58 3.24 5.91 3.24 4.44 1.76 3.59 4.10 6.71 0.99 46.93 36.23 Transport equipment 2003 0.29 0.22 0.61 1.70 0.45 3.57 0.17 0.13 0.22 1.74 0.18 0.02 3.32 7.98 2004 0.43 0.27 0.44 2.75 0.52 2.84 0.24 0.10 0.26 1.71 0.23 0.03 3.91 8.68 Automotive products 2003 0.18 0.09 0.04 0.78 0.09 0.11 0.05 0.02 0.04 1.25 0.10 0.01 1.09 2.60 2004 0.28 0.08 0.06 1.01 0.08 0.19 0.09 0.03 0.04 1.29 0.13 0.01 1.53 3.24 Other transport 2003 0.11 0.13 0.57 0.92 0.36 3.47 0.12 0.11 0.18 0.50 0.08 0.02 2.23 5.38 equipment 2004 0.15 0.19 0.37 1.74 0.44 2.65 0.15 0.07 0.22 0.42 0.11 0.02 2.38 5.44 Other machinery 2003 4.33 1.77 1.08 3.57 1.02 4.11 1.34 1.68 0.80 3.51 1.16 0.38 15.33 18.28 2004 4.74 2.15 1.36 4.92 1.41 5.54 2.13 2.29 0.86 4.91 1.37 0.48 18.57 23.88 Power generating 2003 0.29 0.10 0.08 0.47 0.08 0.77 0.07 0.18 0.10 0.15 0.11 0.01 1.12 2.30 machinery 2004 0.27 0.12 0.07 0.75 0.08 0.98 0.14 0.18 0.10 0.35 0.14 0.02 1.20 2.93 Non-electrical machinery 2003 1.47 0.53 0.33 2.06 0.37 2.41 0.62 0.40 0.25 1.95 0.50 0.10 6.67 8.56 2004 1.88 0.62 0.41 2.86 0.57 3.45 0.86 0.54 0.34 3.00 0.56 0.15 8.47 12.06 Electrical machinery 2003 2.57 1.13 0.67 1.04 0.57 0.92 0.65 1.10 0.45 1.42 0.55 0.27 7.54 7.41 Appendix tables 2004 2.59 1.41 0.88 1.31 0.76 1.11 1.13 1.57 0.43 1.56 0.68 0.31 8.90 8.90 Textiles 2003 0.20 0.13 0.02 0.10 0.01 0.06 0.06 0.26 0.01 0.08 0.05 0.07 0.71 1.01 2004 0.19 0.13 0.03 0.10 0.01 0.06 0.06 0.27 0.01 0.08 0.05 0.06 0.70 1.01 Clothing 2003 0.06 0.47 0.60 0.14 0.94 0.02 0.00 0.48 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.28 1.80 1.94 2004 0.07 0.45 0.73 0.17 0.82 0.02 0.00 0.59 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.31 1.82 2.06 Other manufactures 2003 1.38 1.59 0.87 1.49 1.08 1.97 0.78 0.85 1.76 1.28 0.76 0.41 10.44 9.15 2004 1.63 1.81 1.00 2.11 1.39 2.61 0.92 1.24 1.86 1.65 1.01 0.47 12.21 11.88 Personal and house- 2003 0.04 0.20 0.10 0.17 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.20 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.06 0.25 0.80 hold goods 2004 0.04 0.18 0.11 0.22 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.24 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.08 0.33 0.91 Scientific and controlling 2003 0.43 0.22 0.26 0.72 0.58 0.94 0.34 0.15 0.28 0.43 0.16 0.04 2.98 2.79 instruments 2004 0.57 0.33 0.31 1.01 0.73 1.41 0.39 0.34 0.38 0.70 0.34 0.05 3.74 4.27 Miscellaneous 2003 0.92 1.17 0.51 0.60 0.50 1.00 0.43 0.50 1.46 0.84 0.59 0.31 7.20 5.56 manufactures 2004 1.02 1.31 0.58 0.88 0.66 1.17 0.53 0.66 1.47 0.93 0.66 0.35 8.14 6.70 Total merchandise a 2003 22.78 21.55 20.44 16.86 20.56 17.98 10.13 11.07 9.69 15.39 14.42 3.09 144.19 127.94 2004 27.05 24.78 25.77 21.86 23.11 20.54 15.25 16.06 11.47 18.94 17.50 3.62 178.18 162.56 a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

241 Table A25 Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Taipei, Chinese (Billion dollars)

North South & Central America America Europe CIS Africa Middle East Asia

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 0.43 3.03 0.03 0.60 0.21 1.00 0.01 0.04 0.05 0.18 0.06 0.02 2.94 3.09 2004 0.46 3.16 0.05 0.80 0.21 1.08 0.01 0.05 0.03 0.20 0.09 0.02 3.45 3.71 Food 2003 0.31 2.22 0.02 0.46 0.07 0.78 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.01 0.02 1.46 1.96 2004 0.33 2.27 0.02 0.60 0.05 0.82 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 1.68 2.35 Fish 2003 0.17 0.06 0.01 0.02 0.04 0.05 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.99 0.16 2004 0.19 0.05 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 1.21 0.18 Other food products 2003 0.14 2.17 0.01 0.43 0.03 0.73 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.47 1.80 2004 0.14 2.22 0.01 0.57 0.03 0.78 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.03 0.00 0.02 0.47 2.17 Raw materials 2003 0.12 0.80 0.02 0.14 0.14 0.21 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.15 0.04 0.00 1.48 1.13 2004 0.13 0.89 0.03 0.19 0.16 0.25 0.00 0.04 0.02 0.16 0.08 0.00 1.77 1.36 Fuels and mining products 2003 0.14 0.70 0.06 0.68 0.09 0.53 0.00 0.65 0.01 1.98 0.01 9.27 3.87 7.74 2004 0.42 1.05 0.04 1.36 0.09 0.85 0.00 0.83 0.01 3.28 0.07 12.24 6.26 11.54 Ores and other minerals 2003 0.00 0.36 0.00 0.19 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.10 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.03 0.18 1.26 2004 0.00 0.46 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.48 0.00 0.26 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.07 0.23 1.86 Fuels 2003 0.07 0.12 0.06 0.00 0.02 0.05 0.00 0.23 0.01 1.79 0.01 9.03 2.12 3.99 2004 0.34 0.21 0.03 0.00 0.01 0.09 0.00 0.29 0.00 2.86 0.06 11.92 3.69 6.12 Non-ferrous metals 2003 0.07 0.23 0.00 0.49 0.06 0.15 0.00 0.33 0.00 0.15 0.01 0.21 1.58 2.49 2004 0.08 0.38 0.01 1.03 0.07 0.27 0.00 0.28 0.01 0.35 0.01 0.25 2.34 3.56 Manufactures 2003 28.30 13.90 1.85 0.73 20.67 13.04 0.40 0.90 1.31 0.53 2.04 0.97 86.48 63.79 2004 29.82 18.35 2.15 0.93 23.52 16.31 0.54 2.10 1.46 0.64 2.49 1.49 100.88 83.20 Iron and steel 2003 0.27 0.12 0.03 0.49 0.27 0.72 0.01 0.79 0.02 0.39 0.11 0.05 5.14 2.48 2004 0.99 0.20 0.06 0.60 0.48 0.90 0.02 1.88 0.03 0.49 0.16 0.14 5.98 4.54 Chemicals 2003 0.75 3.16 0.19 0.05 0.57 2.91 0.04 0.06 0.11 0.05 0.23 0.64 10.29 8.85 2004 0.86 3.98 0.23 0.06 0.65 3.56 0.06 0.12 0.14 0.07 0.29 0.81 13.93 11.96 Pharmaceuticals 2003 0.02 0.17 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.64 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.23 2004 0.02 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.83 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.07 0.27 Other chemicals 2003 0.73 2.99 0.19 0.05 0.56 2.27 0.04 0.06 0.11 0.05 0.22 0.64 10.24 8.62 2004 0.83 3.80 0.23 0.06 0.65 2.73 0.06 0.12 0.14 0.07 0.29 0.80 13.87 11.70 Other semi-manufactures 2003 3.65 0.75 0.13 0.08 1.66 0.72 0.06 0.03 0.14 0.01 0.19 0.02 4.39 3.04 2004 4.32 0.82 0.17 0.10 1.96 0.86 0.07 0.07 0.16 0.01 0.24 0.03 4.92 4.18 Machinery and transport 2003 17.09 7.84 0.83 0.09 15.11 6.35 0.23 0.02 0.62 0.07 0.95 0.14 49.01 40.22 equipment 2004 17.22 10.47 0.93 0.13 17.02 7.82 0.30 0.02 0.66 0.06 1.18 0.28 53.87 50.10 Office and telecom 2003 10.39 4.24 0.20 0.07 10.97 2.31 0.15 0.01 0.20 0.03 0.45 0.09 31.52 23.62 equipment 2004 9.39 4.45 0.35 0.08 11.70 2.57 0.20 0.02 0.19 0.02 0.57 0.23 34.13 27.08 Electronic data processing 2003 5.85 0.38 0.09 0.00 7.53 0.22 0.13 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.27 0.00 7.43 5.68 and office equipment 2004 4.79 0.37 0.09 0.01 7.27 0.24 0.17 0.00 0.12 0.00 0.32 0.00 6.67 5.29 Telecommunications 2003 2.77 0.38 0.09 0.00 2.19 0.50 0.02 0.00 0.07 0.00 0.15 0.02 3.54 2.53 equipment 2004 2.99 0.33 0.22 0.01 2.90 0.54 0.02 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.20 0.03 3.79 2.86 Integrated circuits and 2003 1.77 3.48 0.03 0.07 1.24 1.59 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.08 20.55 15.40 electronic components 2004 1.60 3.74 0.04 0.06 1.53 1.79 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.19 23.68 18.93 Transport equipment 2003 2.09 0.85 0.30 0.01 1.61 1.14 0.02 0.00 0.14 0.03 0.17 0.00 1.91 2.38 2004 2.45 1.08 0.20 0.04 1.92 1.43 0.02 0.00 0.17 0.03 0.20 0.00 2.12 3.40 Automotive products 2003 1.16 0.19 0.10 0.01 0.48 0.76 0.01 0.00 0.09 0.03 0.14 0.00 1.08 1.58 2004 1.48 0.17 0.12 0.04 0.64 0.86 0.01 0.00 0.12 0.03 0.17 0.00 1.21 2.19 Other transport equipmen 2003 0.93 0.66 0.20 0.00 1.13 0.38 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.83 0.80 2004 0.97 0.91 0.09 0.00 1.28 0.58 0.01 0.00 0.06 0.00 0.04 0.00 0.91 1.21 Other machinery 2003 4.61 2.75 0.33 0.01 2.54 2.90 0.07 0.01 0.27 0.01 0.33 0.04 15.58 14.22 2004 5.39 4.94 0.37 0.02 3.39 3.82 0.08 0.01 0.29 0.01 0.41 0.05 17.62 19.62 Power generating 2003 0.10 0.28 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.23 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.46 0.71 machinery 2004 0.12 0.26 0.01 0.00 0.05 0.24 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.51 0.64

Appendix tables Non-electrical machinery 2003 2.18 1.82 0.20 0.01 1.15 1.86 0.04 0.01 0.21 0.00 0.21 0.02 6.93 7.44 2004 2.50 3.76 0.25 0.01 1.38 2.50 0.05 0.01 0.23 0.00 0.26 0.02 7.58 11.54 Electrical machinery 2003 2.33 0.65 0.12 0.01 1.33 0.81 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.11 0.02 8.18 6.07 2004 2.77 0.92 0.11 0.01 1.96 1.07 0.03 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.14 0.03 9.52 7.44 Textiles 2003 0.76 0.11 0.37 0.01 0.51 0.16 0.03 0.00 0.32 0.00 0.27 0.00 7.06 0.89 2004 0.75 0.10 0.41 0.01 0.47 0.18 0.03 0.00 0.35 0.00 0.31 0.01 7.71 0.96 Clothing 2003 1.45 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.23 0.18 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.38 0.61 2004 1.37 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.21 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.32 0.76 Other manufactures 2003 4.33 1.91 0.28 0.01 2.32 1.98 0.03 0.00 0.10 0.01 0.27 0.12 10.22 7.71 2004 4.31 2.76 0.33 0.02 2.72 2.79 0.05 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.29 0.22 14.15 10.70 Personal and 2003 0.66 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.24 0.20 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.67 0.53 household goods 2004 0.66 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.28 0.27 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.68 0.69 Scientific and controlling 2003 0.56 1.31 0.03 0.00 0.41 0.80 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.11 5.39 3.81 instruments 2004 0.45 2.04 0.02 0.01 0.54 0.85 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.02 0.21 9.08 5.13 Miscellaneous manufactures 2003 3.11 0.58 0.22 0.00 1.68 0.98 0.02 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.22 0.01 4.16 3.38 2004 3.20 0.70 0.28 0.01 1.90 1.66 0.04 0.00 0.09 0.00 0.24 0.01 4.39 4.88 Total merchandise a 2003 28.98 18.27 1.95 2.01 21.00 14.81 0.41 1.59 1.37 2.71 2.12 10.26 93.48 75.46 2004 30.71 22.59 2.24 3.09 23.82 18.42 0.55 2.98 1.50 4.12 2.65 13.75 110.61 99.05

242 Table A25 (continued) Merchandise trade by product, region and major trading partner, 2003-04 - Taipei, Chinese (Billion dollars)

Japan China United States EU (25) Hong Kong, China Korea, Republic of World b

exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp exp imp

Agricultural products 2003 1.24 0.66 0.42 0.30 0.38 2.65 0.18 0.92 0.52 0.03 0.11 0.11 3.77 7.96 2004 1.43 0.74 0.66 0.36 0.40 2.71 0.17 0.99 0.45 0.03 0.13 0.11 4.35 9.01 Food 2003 1.03 0.48 0.02 0.15 0.28 2.11 0.07 0.72 0.12 0.03 0.04 0.05 1.94 5.49 2004 1.21 0.54 0.04 0.17 0.29 2.14 0.05 0.77 0.11 0.03 0.05 0.05 2.16 6.11 Fish 2003 0.84 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.15 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.02 0.00 0.02 0.00 1.29 0.30 2004 1.04 0.02 0.00 0.01 0.17 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.00 0.03 0.00 1.50 0.31 Other food products 2003 0.19 0.46 0.01 0.14 0.12 2.08 0.03 0.70 0.10 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.66 5.18 2004 0.18 0.52 0.04 0.16 0.12 2.11 0.03 0.76 0.09 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.66 5.80 Raw materials 2003 0.21 0.18 0.41 0.16 0.10 0.54 0.12 0.20 0.40 0.00 0.07 0.06 1.83 2.47 2004 0.22 0.20 0.62 0.19 0.11 0.57 0.13 0.23 0.34 0.00 0.07 0.05 2.18 2.90 Fuels and mining products 2003 0.28 1.19 0.56 1.32 0.12 0.45 0.08 0.47 1.21 0.05 0.58 0.35 5.25 21.55 2004 0.30 1.55 1.23 2.15 0.41 0.70 0.09 0.75 1.61 0.07 0.34 0.55 8.20 31.15 Ores and other minerals 2003 0.05 0.32 0.03 0.22 0.00 0.27 0.00 0.30 0.06 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.19 2.31 2004 0.06 0.50 0.05 0.33 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.44 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.24 3.53 Fuels 2003 0.14 0.06 0.09 0.66 0.06 0.04 0.02 0.05 0.42 0.00 0.51 0.10 3.34 15.20 2004 0.14 0.07 0.31 1.03 0.34 0.14 0.01 0.09 0.68 0.00 0.21 0.16 5.45 21.50 Non-ferrous metals 2003 0.09 0.81 0.45 0.44 0.06 0.14 0.06 0.11 0.73 0.02 0.05 0.23 1.73 4.04 2004 0.11 0.98 0.87 0.79 0.07 0.22 0.07 0.22 0.88 0.02 0.09 0.35 2.52 6.12 Manufactures 2003 10.87 30.40 21.89 9.28 26.00 13.14 19.49 11.76 29.05 1.55 4.01 8.19 141.11 95.73 2004 11.43 40.96 32.11 14.06 27.26 17.54 21.97 14.77 27.65 1.83 4.88 10.91 160.96 125.42 Iron and steel 2003 0.32 1.52 2.03 0.39 0.21 0.08 0.26 0.56 1.68 0.00 0.18 0.25 5.85 5.03 2004 0.46 2.05 2.42 1.53 0.88 0.09 0.46 0.65 1.38 0.00 0.19 0.44 7.72 8.78 Chemicals 2003 0.77 5.12 4.00 0.75 0.65 3.02 0.48 2.63 3.17 0.06 0.27 1.18 12.19 15.74 2004 0.84 7.02 6.53 1.13 0.75 3.84 0.52 3.25 3.29 0.05 0.42 1.60 16.17 20.59 Pharmaceuticals 2003 0.01 0.08 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.16 0.01 0.55 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.08 1.05 2004 0.01 0.10 0.01 0.03 0.02 0.17 0.01 0.72 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.10 1.29 Other chemicals 2003 0.75 5.04 3.99 0.73 0.63 2.86 0.47 2.08 3.16 0.06 0.27 1.16 12.11 14.68 2004 0.83 6.92 6.52 1.10 0.72 3.67 0.52 2.53 3.29 0.05 0.41 1.58 16.06 19.30 Other semi-manufactures 2003 0.76 1.37 0.75 0.57 3.25 0.67 1.59 0.67 1.37 0.03 0.08 0.19 10.22 4.65 2004 0.86 1.98 1.18 0.79 3.88 0.73 1.88 0.81 1.14 0.03 0.10 0.36 11.84 6.07 Machinery and transport 2003 7.04 17.32 10.24 6.09 15.89 7.40 14.28 5.85 17.15 0.93 2.88 5.48 83.88 56.46 equipment 2004 7.25 22.74 13.01 8.30 15.86 10.07 15.89 7.24 16.22 1.12 3.51 7.43 91.28 71.13 Office and telecom 2003 5.16 5.25 5.18 3.82 9.86 3.97 10.53 2.27 11.90 0.74 2.12 4.64 53.89 32.06 equipment 2004 5.31 5.77 6.44 5.09 8.83 4.22 11.21 2.54 11.12 0.92 2.62 6.25 56.53 36.63 Electronic data processing 2003 2.19 0.90 1.38 2.07 5.57 0.36 7.27 0.21 1.85 0.08 0.32 0.59 21.43 6.41 and office equipment 2004 1.72 0.58 1.56 2.54 4.53 0.33 6.95 0.24 1.55 0.07 0.31 0.45 19.43 6.09 Telecommunications 2003 0.62 0.63 0.74 0.62 2.58 0.28 2.09 0.49 1.14 0.06 0.17 0.70 8.82 3.47 equipment 2004 0.70 0.77 1.08 0.81 2.77 0.27 2.80 0.53 0.85 0.06 0.14 0.64 10.18 3.84 Integrated circuits and 2003 2.35 3.71 3.06 1.14 1.71 3.33 1.16 1.57 8.91 0.60 1.64 3.35 23.64 22.17 electronic components 2004 2.89 4.43 3.80 1.74 1.53 3.62 1.46 1.77 8.72 0.78 2.18 5.16 26.92 26.71 Transport equipment 2003 0.38 1.84 0.23 0.17 1.86 0.78 1.53 1.13 0.39 0.00 0.02 0.17 6.27 4.41 2004 0.42 2.62 0.39 0.27 2.15 1.04 1.82 1.41 0.34 0.00 0.04 0.26 7.19 5.99 Automotive products 2003 0.17 1.33 0.18 0.03 1.03 0.15 0.46 0.76 0.29 0.00 0.01 0.11 3.05 2.57 2004 0.18 1.81 0.31 0.07 1.31 0.15 0.62 0.85 0.23 0.00 0.02 0.17 3.74 3.29 Other transport equipmen 2003 0.22 0.52 0.05 0.14 0.82 0.63 1.07 0.37 0.10 0.00 0.01 0.06 3.22 1.84 2004 0.24 0.81 0.08 0.20 0.84 0.90 1.20 0.56 0.10 0.00 0.02 0.09 3.44 2.70 Other machinery 2003 1.50 10.23 4.82 2.09 4.17 2.65 2.22 2.46 4.85 0.19 0.73 0.68 23.71 20.00 2004 1.52 14.34 6.18 2.94 4.88 4.81 2.86 3.30 4.76 0.20 0.85 0.93 27.56 28.51 Power generating 2003 0.06 0.56 0.12 0.09 0.09 0.28 0.05 0.21 0.13 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.64 1.23 machinery 2004 0.05 0.46 0.22 0.11 0.10 0.26 0.05 0.21 0.12 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.71 1.15 Non-electrical machinery 2003 0.69 6.27 2.21 0.49 1.95 1.80 0.94 1.58 1.90 0.03 0.16 0.24 10.92 11.17

2004 0.64 9.71 2.98 0.82 2.23 3.71 1.11 2.13 1.46 0.05 0.18 0.43 12.26 17.85 Appendix tables Electrical machinery 2003 0.75 3.40 2.49 1.52 2.14 0.57 1.23 0.67 2.82 0.15 0.55 0.42 12.15 7.60 2004 0.84 4.17 2.98 2.01 2.55 0.84 1.70 0.96 3.18 0.15 0.66 0.48 14.59 9.51 Textiles 2003 0.28 0.24 1.03 0.15 0.61 0.10 0.44 0.14 2.88 0.02 0.13 0.12 9.32 1.18 2004 0.33 0.28 1.47 0.16 0.59 0.09 0.42 0.15 2.81 0.02 0.19 0.15 10.04 1.25 Clothing 2003 0.06 0.08 0.06 0.08 1.37 0.01 0.23 0.17 0.14 0.29 0.01 0.02 2.11 0.82 2004 0.06 0.10 0.06 0.09 1.30 0.01 0.21 0.18 0.08 0.37 0.01 0.02 1.95 0.99 Other manufactures 2003 1.66 4.75 3.79 1.25 4.02 1.86 2.21 1.73 2.66 0.22 0.47 0.95 17.55 11.85 2004 1.62 6.80 7.44 2.06 3.99 2.71 2.59 2.49 2.73 0.25 0.48 0.91 21.97 16.60 Personal and 2003 0.30 0.04 0.04 0.35 0.59 0.01 0.23 0.20 0.17 0.01 0.01 0.00 1.63 0.74 household goods 2004 0.29 0.05 0.08 0.47 0.59 0.02 0.27 0.27 0.14 0.01 0.01 0.01 1.69 0.98 Scientific and controlling 2003 0.44 2.38 3.24 0.36 0.54 1.29 0.39 0.75 1.02 0.06 0.24 0.82 6.42 6.12 instruments 2004 0.42 3.26 6.64 0.85 0.42 2.01 0.51 0.80 1.36 0.08 0.18 0.72 10.13 8.32 Miscellaneous manufactures 2003 0.93 2.34 0.50 0.54 2.89 0.56 1.59 0.79 1.47 0.14 0.23 0.12 9.50 4.99 2004 0.91 3.49 0.72 0.74 2.98 0.68 1.80 1.43 1.23 0.17 0.30 0.19 10.15 7.30 Total merchandise a 2003 12.43 32.64 22.89 10.96 26.61 16.87 19.79 13.34 30.87 1.73 4.71 8.69 150.60 127.24 2004 13.16 43.50 34.00 16.62 28.08 20.99 22.23 16.53 29.73 2.07 5.35 11.61 173.54 166.40 a Includes unspecified products. b Includes unspecified destinations and origins. Note: For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

243 Table A26 Export prices of primary commodities, 1994-05

(Indices 1995=100)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 20042004 2005

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2

Food and beverages 95 100 105 100 89 77 77 77 80 84 95 96 101 93 90 96 97

Food 94 100 108 99 88 78 79 81 82 86 98 100 106 97 92 98 99 Cereals 84 100 119 93 79 69 67 70 80 81 87 90 94 82 83 85 82 Wheat 85 100 117 90 71 63 64 72 84 83 89 93 91 83 87 86 80 Maize 87 100 133 95 82 73 71 73 81 85 91 99 104 83 76 78 78 Rice 84 100 105 94 95 78 64 54 60 62 77 69 78 77 83 91 92 Barley 70 100 115 93 82 73 74 90 105 101 95 95 108 89 88 87 88 Vegetable oils and protein meals 93 100 110 110 97 77 74 71 83 98 114 129 132 104 91 98 106 Meat 106 100 116 109 93 93 101 109 103 106 129 116 130 138 132 130 131 Beef 122 100 94 97 91 96 101 112 110 104 132 117 129 145 137 136 139 Lamb 111 100 128 133 102 102 100 115 129 141 146 144 142 146 154 156 145 Swine meat 90 100 147 116 73 71 94 98 75 85 113 95 118 122 117 112 112 Poultry 100 100 112 110 114 108 107 115 114 119 137 129 139 144 135 133 134 Seafood 102 100 90 88 86 85 88 77 66 66 69 73 75 66 68 77 77 Fish 105 100 86 78 78 75 76 61 62 63 70 70 72 68 70 81 83 Shrimp 97 100 97 109 105 108 113 113 77 73 66 81 83 63 61 69 62 Sugar 91 100 92 87 73 58 66 67 57 62 68 60 64 71 75 76 74 Bananas 99 100 106 117 111 84 95 131 119 84 118 108 126 126 111 172 128 Oranges 77 100 93 86 83 82 68 112 106 129 161 154 166 178 146 156 200

Beverages 99 100 85 112 97 76 65 54 63 67 69 68 65 69 72 88 86 Coffee 98 100 76 106 82 64 50 35 35 39 46 45 45 44 50 67 72 Cocoa beans 97 100 102 113 117 79 63 76 124 122 108 109 99 113 112 117 108 Tea 112 100 108 144 145 142 151 121 109 118 121 120 112 130 121 150 125

Agricultural raw materials 97 100 96 92 76 77 81 77 78 81 86 85 86 87 84 85 85

Timber 106 100 102 95 80 89 88 80 80 84 94 87 94 99 95 97 95 Cotton 81 100 82 81 67 54 60 49 47 65 63 75 69 57 51 54 57 Wool 90 100 85 94 70 70 79 75 96 108 100 105 99 98 99 101 99 Rubber 71 100 89 64 46 40 44 38 48 69 83 83 87 81 79 80 88 Hides and skins 99 100 99 100 87 82 91 96 92 78 76 79 73 77 76 75 74

Minerals and non-ferrous metals (excluding crude petroleum) 83 100 89 90 74 73 82 74 72 81 110 107 107 110 117 126 134

Copper 79 100 78 78 56 54 62 54 53 61 98 93 95 97 106 111 116 Aluminum 82 100 83 89 75 75 86 80 75 79 95 91 93 95 102 105 99 Iron ore 93 100 106 106 109 97 101 105 103 113 134 134 134 134 134 165 229 Tin 88 100 99 91 89 87 88 72 66 79 137 111 148 146 143 131 128 Nickel 77 100 91 84 56 73 105 73 83 117 168 178 152 171 171 187 200 Zinc 97 100 99 128 99 104 109 86 76 80 102 104 100 95 108 128 123 Lead 87 100 123 99 84 80 72 76 72 82 140 133 128 147 152 155 156 Uranium 81 100 134 104 89 86 71 74 84 96 155 137 153 156 174 182 230

Total of above 91 100 98 95 82 76 79 76 77 82 97 97 99 97 97 103 106

Appendix tables Energy 92 100 116 110 77 100 156 138 138 161 210 179 200 225 237 253 278

Natural gas 92 100 114 109 87 87 155 153 123 162 180 164 174 179 203 209 232 Crude petroleum 93 100 118 112 76 105 164 141 145 168 220 187 207 236 248 268 295 Coal 82 100 96 89 75 66 68 85 70 74 142 114 149 160 146 135 134

All primary commodities 92 100 107 102 79 88 116 106 106 120 151 136 147 158 164 175 188

Note: The indices are period averages based on dollar prices. The quarterly figures are not seasonally adjusted. For sources and methods, see the Technical Notes.

244 Table A27 Export prices of Germany, Japan and the United States by commodity group, 1994-04

(Indices 2000=100)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandise Germany 124 142 135 119 117 111 100 98 103 123 136 Japan 116 124 112 103 96 99 100 91 88 91 96 United States 99 104 104 103 100 98 100 99 98 100 104

Agricultural Products Germany 126 145 137 122 119 110 100 99 105 125 136 United States 103 115 121 112 102 98 100 99 99 107 117

Fuels and mining products Germany 103 122 111 105 95 90 100 96 95 113 143 United States 76 86 85 86 77 79 100 97 93 104 131

Manufactures Germany 124 143 136 120 118 112 100 98 103 124 136 Japan 117 125 112 103 96 99 100 91 87 90 95 United States 99 102 102 102 100 100 100 100 99 99 101

Iron and steel Germany 121 144 132 117 118 103 100 95 98 122 155 Japan 108 133 121 116 101 97 100 90 95 107 139 United States 97 104 105 106 103 98 100 97 101 106 147

Chemicals Germany 121 144 135 119 116 109 100 98 102 123 136 Japan 111 127 109 99 87 88 100 90 87 97 114 United States 94 106 102 101 98 97 100 96 95 100 108

Machinery and transport equipment Germany 125 142 137 120 118 114 100 98 103 124 134 Japan 119 125 113 103 97 101 100 91 87 89 91 United States 102 103 103 103 101 100 100 100 99 98 98

Office and telecom equipment Germany 144 159 150 130 124 117 100 96 98 114 116 Japan 141 139 121 108 100 103 100 87 77 71 70 United States 135 131 126 118 110 104 100 96 91 87 84

Automotive products Germany 121 137 133 118 116 113 100 98 103 124 136 Japan ... 118 115 107 104 104 100 95 97 109 114 United States 95 96 97 98 98 99 100 100 101 101 102

Textiles Germany 130 149 142 123 121 114 100 98 104 125 125 Japan 97 105 98 93 88 95 100 94 91 94 103 United States 97 102 105 105 104 101 100 98 100 102 105

Clothing Germany 130 147 140 122 120 115 100 97 104 125 125 United States 103 103 104 106 107 104 100 98 98 97 97

Memorandum item: Appendix tables World, unit value indices Total merchandise 101 112 111 105 99 98 100 96 98 109 121 Agricultural products 111 125 123 115 108 103 100 99 101 113 126 Fuels and mining products 68 75 82 79 61 71 100 92 91 106 134 Manufactures 105 116 113 107 104 103 100 98 99 109 118

Note: For sources and product group definitions, see the Technical Notes .

245 Table A28 Import prices of Germany, Japan and the United States by commodity group, 1994-04

(Indices 2000=100)

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Total merchandise Germany 117 133 127 114 109 104 100 97 100 118 131 Japan 99 108 102 99 87 90 100 91 87 93 104 United States 96 101 102 99 93 94 100 96 94 97 102 Agricultural Products Germany 124 141 135 126 120 109 100 99 103 121 133 Japan 113 120 114 107 97 101 100 94 94 102 113 United States 100 106 103 106 102 100 100 97 97 101 110 Fuels and mining products Germany 73 83 86 83 66 71 100 95 90 108 139 Japan 73 81 84 86 66 72 100 94 89 102 124 United States 57 63 72 69 51 63 100 86 85 103 132 Manufactures Germany 128 144 137 120 118 111 100 98 102 120 129 Japan 116 122 110 103 97 100 100 87 82 84 88 United States 105 109 108 105 102 100 100 99 97 97 98 Iron and steel Germany 125 153 136 118 118 103 100 94 99 125 167 Japan 117 130 113 105 97 93 100 80 81 104 141 United States 99 107 105 103 99 93 100 94 96 101 141 Chemicals Germany 120 141 132 117 113 106 100 98 101 120 134 Japan 100 119 101 99 89 92 100 93 90 102 114 United States 99 106 106 102 98 97 100 100 98 100 105 Machinery and transport equipment Germany 133 149 141 123 120 113 100 97 102 118 124 Japan 123 126 114 106 100 102 100 86 80 79 80 United States 109 112 110 107 103 101 100 98 97 96 95 Office and telecom equipment Germany 153 168 154 132 124 114 100 97 98 108 105 Japan 148 142 122 111 104 104 100 78 68 64 63 United States 149 146 136 122 110 104 100 95 91 87 82 Automotive products Germany 127 144 138 121 119 114 100 98 103 124 138 Japan 102 110 105 97 93 99 100 91 89 99 108 United States 97 100 100 98 99 100 100 100 100 101 103 Textiles Germany 127 144 137 121 119 113 100 99 103 124 135 United States 101 105 106 105 102 100 100 98 98 101 104 Clothing Germany 121 136 130 116 117 112 100 98 103 120 130 Japan 102 108 101 97 96 102 100 92 89 92 96 United States 98 99 100 101 102 101 100 100 100 101 101

Note: For sources and product group definitions, see the Technical Notes. Appendix tables

246 World maps

Map M1 Composition of geographical regions

North America

South/CentralAmerica

Europe

C.I.S.

Africa

Middle East

Asia

Note: Colours and boundaries do not imply any judgement on the part of WTO as to the legal status or frontier of any territory. 247 World maps 248 World maps

Map M2

WTO Members and Observers

(August 2005)

Members

Observers

Other

Note: Colours and boundaries do not imply any judgement on the part of WTO as to the legal status or frontier of any territory. Map M3

Ratio of exports and imports of goods and commercial services to GDP, 2002

(Percentage based on current dollar values)

0 - 30

30 - 60

60 - 100

≥ 100

Data not available

Note: Colours and boundaries do not imply any judgement on the part of WTO as to the legal status or frontier of any territory. 249 World maps 250 World maps

Map M4 Exports of goods and commercial services per capita, 2002

(Current dollars)

0 - 250

250 - 1000

1000 - 5000

≥ 5000

Data not available

Note: Colours and boundaries do not imply any judgement on the part of WTO as to the legal status or frontier of any territory. – see box 1 for a summary ofthechanges. – seebox1forasummary been changedtotakeaccountofrecentdevelopmentsintrade groupsandproductdefinitionshave that asofthisissue,country statistics usedinInternationalTrade Statistics2005.Pleasenote territories intheMiddleEastn.e.s. Republic, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, andothercountries Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syrian Arab Europe n.e.s. Macedonia, Serbia, Montenegro, and Turkey; andterritoriesin Bulgaria, Romania, Croatia, former Yugoslav Republicof Other South-EasternEurope: Albania, BosniaandHerzegovina, Switzerland andLiechtenstein, and Western Europen.e.s.; and Other Europe, ofwhichOther Western Europe: Iceland, Norway, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, SloveniaandSlovak Republic, and Kingdom, Cyprus, CzechRepublic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan andSriLanka; and Tanzania andUganda; and Mauritius, Seychelles, Somalia, Sudan, UnitedRepublicof (including Africa Central comprising: Jamahiriya, Moroccoand Tunisia; and America, andterritoriesinNorth America n.e.s. Regions 1. other groups I. Compositionofgeographical and and Uzbekistan. Moldova, RussianFederation, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Democratic Republic; Macao, China; Malaysia; Mongolia; (Hong Kong, China); Indonesia; Japan; Kiribati; LaoPeople’s China; Fiji; HongKong Special Administrative RegionofChina Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leoneand Togo; Côte d’Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Zambia, Zimbabwe; andterritoriesin Africa n.e.s. Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Guinea, Gabon, Rwanda, and Sao Tome andPrincipe; Chad, Congo, Democratic Republic oftheCongo, Equatorial n.e.s. and territoriesinSouthCentral America andtheCaribbean, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, andothercountries Kitts andNevis, SaintLucia, Saint Vincent andtheGrenadines, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Saint Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Rica, Cuba, Dominica, DominicanRepublic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Republic of Venezuela, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa and Barbuda, Argentina, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bolivarian Technical Notes South andCentralAmericatheCaribbean North America This Notedetailsthedefinitions,methodsandsourcesof Asia The Africa The CommonwealthofIndependentStates(CIS) Europe : Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar,

, ofwhich Middle Africa , ofwhich

: ofwhichEuropeanUnion(25): Austria, Belgium, Oceania) Western : Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic,

East : Bermuda, Canada, Mexico, UnitedStatesof West : Bahrain, Iraq, Islamic RepublicofIran, Israel, : Australia; BruneiDarussalam; Cambodia; North

Africa

Asia

Africa : Benin, BurkinaFaso, Cape Verde, Southern : Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, : Algeria, Egypt, Libyan Arab

Africa Sub-Saharan Africa :Botswana, Angola, : Antigua : Armenia, East Eastern

Asia

United Kingdom. Portugal, Slovenia, Slovak Republic, Spain, Swedenandthe Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Guinea, Gabon, Rwanda andSao Tome andPrincipe. Chad, Congo, Democratic RepublicoftheCongo, Equatorial Swaziland, Uganda, ZambiaandZimbabwe. Malawi, Mauritius, Namibia, Rwanda, Seychelles, Sudan, the Congo, Djibouti, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mali, Niger, Senegaland Togo. Equatorial GuineaandGabon. Suriname and Trinidad and Tobago. Kitts andNevis, SaintLucia, Saint Vincent andtheGrenadines, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Montserrat, Saint and Zimbabwe. South Africa, Swaziland, United Republicof Tanzania, Zambia Lesotho, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Seychelles, Arab Emirates. 3 Singapore,Nam.and Viet Thailand People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Pakistan andSriLanka. Bolivia, Colombia, EcuadorandPeru. Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leoneand Togo. Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nicaragua. Samoa, Sao Tome andPrincipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Kitts andNevis, SaintLucia, Saint Vincent andtheGrenadines, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Palau, Papua NewGuinea, Rwanda, Saint Mauritania, Mauritius, Micronesia, Mozambique, Namibia, Nauru, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, MarshallIslands, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Jamaica, Kenya, Kiribati, Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Cuba, Djibouti, Dominica, DominicanRepublic, Equatorial Democratic RepublicoftheCongo, CookIslands, Côted’Ivoire, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Belize, Benin, Botswana, BurkinaFaso, Burundi, Cameroon, 2 other countriesandterritoriesin Asia andthePacific n.e.s. Islands; Thailand;Solomon Tonga; Tuvalu; Vanuatu;and Nam, Viet Penghu, KinmenandMatsu(Taipei, Chinese); Singapore; Republic ofKorea; Samoa; Separate Customs Territory of , Myanmar; NewZealand; Papua NewGuinea; Philippines; . . ECCAS COMESA CEMAC CARICOM CACM ASEAN Andean ACP WAEMU SADC SAARC NAFTA MERCOSUR GCC EU EFTA ECOWAS Regional integration agreements Other groups

(25) : Angola, Antigua andBarbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, : Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia andUnited : Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway andSwitzerland. : Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic oftheCongo, : CostaRica, ElSalvador, Guatemala, Honduras and : Canada, MexicoandtheUnitedStatesof America. : Angola, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, /AFTA /SAPTA : Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, CzechRepublic, Denmark, : Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo,

: Benin, BurkinaFaso, Côted’Ivoire, Guinea-Bissau, Community : Angola, Burundi, Comoros, Democratic Republicof : Benin, BurkinaFaso, Cape Verde, Côted’Ivoire, : Antigua andBarbuda, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, : Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay andUruguay. : BruneiDarussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao : Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, : Bolivarian Republicof Venezuela, 251 Technical Notes 252 Technical Notes special trade Exportsandimports 1. II.1 Merchandisetrade II. Definitionsandmethods Zimbabwe. Uganda, UnitedRepublicof Tanzania, Vanuatu, Zambiaand Swaziland,Leste, Timor Togo, Tonga, Trinidadand Tobago, Tuvalu, Leone, SolomonIslands, Somalia, South Africa, Sudan, Suriname, the importingcountry orterritory(c.i.f. valuation). plus thecostoftransportation andinsurance tothefrontierof territory (f.o.b. valuation). Importsarevalued attransaction value bring themerchandisetofrontier oftheexportingcountryor value, includingthe cost oftransportation andinsurance to Series M, N°52, Revision2. Republic ofand Taipei, Chineserespectively. Matsu arereferencedasBolivarian Rep. of Venezuela, Korea, the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmenand Bolivarian Republicof Venezuela, theRepublicofKorea and the CaribbeanisreferredtoSouthandCentral America; the boundary. status ofanyterritory, oranyendorsementacceptanceof on thepartof WTO, anyjudgementonthelegalorother and classificationsinthemapsofthispublicationdonotimply, of WTO Agreements.colours, Theboundaries,denominations, on therightsandobligationsofany WTO Memberinrespect of anycountryorterritory, thedelimitationofitsfrontiers, nor an expressionofopinionbytheSecretariatconcerningstatus geographical andothergroupingsinthisreportdoesnotimply the wordbutareofficially “customs territories”. The definitionof although somemembersarenotcountriesintheusualsenseof Penghu, KinmenandMatsu(Taipei, Chinese)and Thailand. of Korea; Singapore; Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Nations country’s economicterritory. For furtherexplanations, seeUnited country orterritorybyentering(imports)leaving(exports)the either addtoorreducethestockofmaterialresourcesa warehouses andfreezones. Goodsincludeallmerchandisethat a countryorterritoryincludingmovementsthroughcustoms all typesofinward andoutward movement ofgoodsthrough this reportaccordingtothegeneral trade definition. Itcovers bonded warehouses. exclude certaintrade flows, suchasgoodsshippedthrough than thecorrespondingspecialtrade figuresbecausethelatter exported goodsaretreated. General trade figuresarelarger are incommonuse. They arereferredtoas United Republicof Tanzania, Vanuatu, Yemen andZambia. Islands, Somalia, Sudan, Timor Leste, Togo, Tuvalu, Uganda, Samoa, Sao Tome andPrincipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Solomon Mauritania, Mozambique, Myanmar, Nepal, Niger, Rwanda, Republic, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Kiribati, LaoPeople’s Democratic the Congo, Djibouti, EquatorialGuinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gambia, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Democratic Republicof Benin, Bhutan, BurkinaFaso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cape Verde, Unless otherwiseindicated, exportsarevalued attransaction Throughout thisreport, SouthandCentral America and WTO membersarefrequentlyreferredtoas “country”, Six EastAsiantraders Least-developed countries To theextentpossible, totalmerchandisetrade isdefined in Two systemsofrecording merchandiseexportsandimports International Trade Statistics,ConceptsandDefinitions and differmainlyintheway warehoused andre- : HongKong, China; Malaysia; Republic : Afghanistan,Bangladesh, Angola, general trade and , A Standard International Trade Classification(SITC). 2. Products and group891): B. Manufactures(SITCsections5, 6, 7, 8minusdivision68 . --

(i) (ii) - (ii) - The followinggroupingsareusedinthisreport: All productgroupsaredefinedaccordingtoRevision3ofthe - - - - - (i) - (iii) - (iv) -- Primary products 7783, groups 78and79), ofwhich: group 776). (SITC divisions21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 29). wastes; crude animalandvegetablematerials, n.e.s. wood; pulpandwaste paper; textilefibresandtheir rubber (includingsyntheticandreclaimed); corkand 28); metalliferous oresandmetalscrap (SITCdivisions27, than thoseclassifiedinchemicals)andcrudeminerals; Fuels andminingproducts Agricultural products ------andtransportequipment Machinery Other semi-manufactures Chemicals Iron andsteel - 27, 28and68): vehicles principally designedforthetransport ofpersons which: division 75); divisions 75, 76andgroup776), ofwhich: cold cathodeorphoto-cathodevalves andtubes(SITC reproducing apparatus and equipment; thermionic, telecommunications andsoundrecording machines andautomaticdataprocessingmachines; 55, 56, 59). division 52)andotherchemicalsn.e.s. (SITCdivisions53, plastics (SITCdivisions57, 58); inorganicchemicals(SITC division 22less03). oilseeds andoleaginousfruit(SITCsections0, 1, 4and tobacco, animalandvegetableoils, fatsandwaxes; 64, 66, 69). manufactures ofmetals, n.e.s. (SITCdivisions61, 62, 63, of paperboard; non-metallicmineral manufactures, n.e.s.; paper, paperboardandarticlesofpaperpulp, ofpaperor cork andwoodmanufactures(excludingfurniture); n.e.s., anddressedfurskins; rubbermanufactures, n.e.s.; of which: oleaginous fruit(SITCsections0, 1, 4anddivision22), animal andvegetableoils, fatsandwaxes; oilseedsand divisions 27and28): - Fuels Ores andotherminerals Raw materials Other foodproductsandliveanimals Fish Food Automotive products Transport equipment I Telecommunications equipment Electronic dataprocessingandofficeequipment Office andtelecommunicationsequipment Other chemicals Pharmaceuticals Non-ferrous metals ntegrated circuits,andelectroniccomponents (SITCdivision03); and (SITCsection3); and : foodandliveanimals; beverages andtobacco; (SITCsection5) (SITC division67). : hides, skinsandfurskins, raw; crude (SITCdivision54); and : organicchemicals(SITCdivision51); (SITCsections0, 1, 2and4minus (SITCdivision68).

(SITCgroup713, sub-group : motorcarsandother : leather, leathermanufactures, : crudefertilizers(other ,

(SITC sections3anddivision of which: (SITCdivision76); and (SITC section7), of : beverages and : office (SITC (SITC and electroniccomponents isreferredtoasintegrated circuits. referred toasEDPandofficeequipment; andintegrated circuits food products; electronicdata processingandofficeequipmentis waxes; oilseedsandoleaginousfruitarereferred toasother beverages andtobacco; animal andvegetableoils, fatsand section 9andgroup891). elsewhere (includinggold); armsandammunition(SITC C. Otherproducts: commoditiesandtransactionsnotclassified

(vii) - - - (v)

Throughout thisreport, otherfoodproductsandliveanimals; (vi) minus group713); piston enginesandpartsthereof, n.e.s. (SITCdivision71 machinery andequipmentminusinternalcombustion parts, n.e.s. (SITCdivisions72, 73, 74); and industrial machineryandequipment, n.e.s., andmachine particular industries; metalworkingmachinery; general which: minus groups713, 776andminussub-group7783), of division 77minusgroup776andsubgroup7783). combustion pistonenginesandpartsthereof, n.e.s. (SITC tubes; minuselectricalequipment, n.e.s., forinternal thermionic, coldcathodeorphoto-cathodevalves and and appliances, n.e.s., andelectricalpartsthereof; minus Textiles ------7132). division 79, groups713, 785, 786minussub-group for internalcombustionpistonengineslistedabove(SITC internal combustionpistonengines, n.e.s.; parts, n.e.s., internal combustionpistonengines, marinepropulsion; piston enginesforaircraft, andpartsthereof, n.e.s.; and equippedtransport containers; internalcombustion (not mechanicallypropelled), andspeciallydesigned non-motorized; trailers andsemi-trailers, othervehicles equipment; motorcyclesandcycles, motorizedand spacecraft, shipsandboats, andassociatedparts -- subgroups 7132, 7783); and parts thereof(SITCgroups781, 782, 783, 784, and n.e.s., forinternalcombustionenginesandvehicles, and engines forvehicleslistedabove; electricalequipment, motor vehiclesandtractors; internalcombustionpiston road motorvehicles, n.e.s.; partsandaccessoriesof transport ofgoodsandspecialpurposemotorvehicles; station wagons andracing cars; motorvehiclesforthe (other thanpublictransport typevehicles)including - Other manufactures Clothing 89 minusgroup891). and toysgames(SITCgroup894); goods (SITCdivision83), footwear(SITCdivision85), ammunition). Ofwhichfurniture(SITCdivision82), travel 82, 83, 85, 87, 88, 89excludinggroup891, armsand other manufacturedarticles, n.e.s. (SITCdivisions81, photography, opticalgoods, watches andclocks, and travel goods, footwear, instrumentsandapparatus, 87); and Miscellaneous manufactures Scientific andcontrollinginstruments Personal andhouseholdgoods Electrical machinery Non-electrical machinery Power generatingmachinery Other machinery Other transportequipment (SITCdivision65). (SITCdivision84). (SITC divisions71, 72, 73, 74, 77 , ofwhich: : electricalmachinery, apparatus : machineryspecializedfor : railway vehicles, aircraft, : powergenerating (SITC divisions81, 86, 88, : householdarticles,

(SITC division are asfollows: EUROSTAT, nationalstatisticsandSecretariatestimates. tables A11 to A25) tables A11 product, region andmajortrading partner(Appendix 4. Merchandise trade ofselectedmajortraders by commodity breakdownisbasedonUNSD distributed bydestinationandthenproduct. The regionaland figures publishedin Appendix table A6. regions areaggregatedfromtheindividualcountryorterritory export data. The networkisconstructedinthe followingway: from which Appendix tables A2 and A10 arederivedisbasedon SNA andtheBPM5. definitions whichdonotfullyconform totheprinciplesof borders, andfollowinternationalguidelinesonconcepts which essentiallyreflectthephysical movementofgoodsacross trade statistics(IMTS)isusuallybased oncustomsrecords principle. of transactions shouldbebasedonthechangeofownership markets”. Thus, fortheSNAandBOPstatisticsrecording one institutionalunittoanotherbyengagingintransactions on can beestablishedandwhoseownershiptransferred from objects forwhichademandexists, overwhichownershiprights Payments Manual(BPM5). fifth editionoftheInternationalMonetaryFund’s Balanceof in thebalanceofpaymentsasstructuredanddefined statistics arebasictothecompilationofgoodsaccount (SNA) andthebalanceofpayments(BOP). Merchandisetrade provide thefoundationforSystemofNational Accounts statistical systems(suchasindustrialandtransport statistics) 3. World trade network 5. Merchandise trade inbalanceofpaymentsstatistics the EU(25)arecountedasonetrading partner). economy withtheirtrading partnersin 2004 (memberStatesof based onaranking oftotaltrade (exportsplusimports)ofeach category notshownseparately). and Central America and Africa to “unspecified destinations” (a Liberia arere-allocatedfromeacheconomy’s exportstoSouth has beenmadetothefigures: have notbeenspecifiedbyproduct. The followingadjustment trade byregionandpartner, worldtotalsincludegoodswhich which havenotbeendistinguishedbyoriginordestination. For EUROSTAT During thisprocess, theprincipaladjustmentstofigures These tablesarederivedfromUNSD South Africa’s trade doesnotincludetrade withthe (iv) Exportsofnon-monetarygold, whereknown, are (iii) China’s exportsareadjustedtoapproximate theirfinal (ii) ExportsofshipstotheopenregistrycountriesPanama (i) Next, thetotalmerchandiseexportsofeachregionare First, totalmerchandiseexportsfromeachoftheseven The worldmerchandisetrade networkbyregionandproduct However, thecompilation ofinternationalmerchandise Goods (merchandise)aredefinedintheSNAas “physical Merchandise trade statisticstogetherwithotherbasic The selectionofeacheconomy’s majortrading partnersis Exports ofshipstotheopenregistrycountriesPanama and former Southern African CustomsUnionmembers. destinations”. destination, theyareallocatedto “unspecified included. When theycannotbebroken downby destination. destinations” (acategorynotshownseparately). to SouthandCentral America and Africa to “unspecified and Liberiaarere-allocatedfromeachregion’s exports . For trade byproduct, worldtotalsincludeshipments Comtrade Comtrade database

and , 253 Technical Notes one orbothnationalboundariesarenotcrossed 254 Technical Notes and compensationofemployees), and commercial services n.i.e. government services, current accountissubdividedinto 2. Definitionofcommercial services or fifth(1993)editionoftheIMFBalancePayments Manual. the concepts, definitions andclassificationofthefourth(1977) included inthebalanceofpaymentsstatistics, inconformitywith are derivedfromstatisticsoninternationalservicetransactions 1. Exportsandimports II.2 Trade incommercial services procured inportcarriersthegoodsaccount. Manual, andthusdonotincludegoodsforprocessing concepts ofthefourtheditionBalancePayments elsewhere inthisreport. the figuresforcommercialservicesandmerchandiseshown as in Table I.9. Strictlyspeaking, itisnotcorrecttoaggregate are harmonizedandprovideforcomparable statisticalseries, payments framework transactions inbothgoodsandservices income, andcurrenttransfers. Therefore, withinthebalanceof goods categoryofthecurrentaccount, alongwithservices, trade, processingtrade, andwithrespecttocurrencyconversion. conform totheBPM5requirementforamarket priceforvaluing Additional adjustmentsmaybemadebyBOPcompilersto for importswhereasBPM5requiresthef.o.b. valuation. IMTS guidelinesrecommendtheadoptionofc.i.f. valuation the c.i.f. value -oratthef.o.b. value attheexporter’s border. whether goodsarevalued attheimporter’s border -thatisat data comparability concernsthepointofvaluation, namely, national frontierthantothedategoodsclearthroughcustoms. change ofownershipmaybeclosertothedategoodscross ownership becauseitprovidesbroadercoverage andthedateof appears tobeabetterapproximation formeasuringchangeof system orthespecialtrade system. The general trade system based onchangeofownershiprather thanonthegeneral trade BPM5 stressesthatmeasurementforBOPcompilationshouldbe national frontierisregardedasthestatisticalboundary. The boundary whereas, underthegeneral systemoftrade, the trade system, thecustomsfrontierisregardedasstatistical trade systemand(2)thegeneral trade system. Underthespecial the measurementoftrade flowsonthebasisof(1)special goods accountatthevalue oftherepairunderBPM5. should beexcludedfromIMTS, buttheyaretobeincludedinthe valuation. are mainlyrelatedtocoverage, thesystemoftrade, and statistics. For aggregateexportsandimportstheseadjustments requirements ofnationalaccountsandbalancepayments merchandise trade statisticsbeforetheymatchthespecific example, goodsunderthe from goodsandincluded, atmarket value, inservices; for whereas theyshouldusuallybeincludedinBOPstatistics. included inmerchandisetrade statisticsforpractical reasons, vessels andaircraft, exportsofbunkers, etc.)arenotalways In thefiftheditionofBalance of Payments Manual, the Exports (credits)andimports(debits)ofcommercialservices It shouldbenotedthatsomeeconomiesstillapplythe Once adjusted, merchandisetrade isrecordedinthe As farasvaluation isconcerned, theissuethataffectsmost Concerning thesystemoftrade, theIMTSguidelinesoutline With respecttothecoverage ofIMTS, A numberofadjustmentshastobemadeinternational Also, underBPM5, certaintransactions shouldbeexcluded

category inthisreport isdefinedasbeing ), improvement andrepairtrade income goods, services

(investment income current transfers transactions inwhich

(e.g. trade in

(including . The . The regime commercial services. commercial services. services transactions areregistered intheprivate service categories. when transactions pertaining toincome, transfers orofficial or, conversely, toan overestimationofcommercialservices transfers ortrade inmerchandise rather thantrade inservices services whenservicetransactions areregisteredasincome, transactions mayleadtoanunderestimation ofcommercial transportation (withintheeconomyvisited), giftsandsouvenirs. covered arelodging, foodandbeverages, entertainmentand consumed bytravellers. The mostcommongoodsandservices type ofservice, butanassortmentofgoodsandservices business travellers. Unlike otherservices, travel isnotaspecific travellers, forhealth, educationorotherpurposes, andby the IMFconceptsanddefinitions. are notmembersoftheIMFdonecessarilycomplywith distortions. lack comparability acrosscountriesandaresubjecttosignificant services trade datahaveimproved, recordedtrade figuresstill components definedinBPM5: equal to 3. Coverage andcomparability services. arrangements suchasinrail transport orincommunication than onagrossbasis, oftenasaresultofcompensation corporations. especially whenthetransactions take placewithinmultinational services transmitted electronicallyarefrequentlyunregistered, is oftenincomplete. A particularly seriousproblemisthat the caseofsurveys, thecoverage oftrading establishments no financialintermediariesareemployednotcounted. In not registered. Ifcentral bankrecordsareused, situationswhere service categories. supporting andauxiliaryservices. (freight), rentals(charters)ofcarrierswithcrew, andrelated that involvethecarriageofpassengers, themovementofgoods performed byresidentsofoneeconomyforthoseanother, and including land, internalwaterway, spaceandpipeline) thatare (v) financialservices; (iv) insurance services; (iii) constructionservices; (ii) communicationsservices(telecommunications, postal (i) Other commercialservices Travel Transport First Although inrecentyearsthecoverage andcomparability of (viii) (vii) (vi) , somecountriesdonotcollectstatisticsforcertain

royalties andlicencefees other businessservices computer andinformationservices personal audiovisual services. and courierservices); mining andon-siteprocessing; and engineering, andothertechnicalservices, agricultural, polling, researchanddevelopmentservices, architectural, services, advertising, market researchandpublic opinion accounting, managementconsulting, publicrelations professional andtechnicalservicessuchaslegal, receipts fortheuseof operational trademarks, industrialprocesses, andfranchises; and proprietaryrights, suchaspatents, copyrights, agency services); is furthersub-dividedinto Fourth

services services includes goodsandservicesacquiredbypersonal

covers alltransportation services(sea, airandother Third , thealternatesourcesusedforcountrieswhich , minus cultural, and recreational services cultural, andrecreationalservices , statisticsmaybereportedonanetrather Second leasing (rentals), andmiscellaneousbusiness, government services, n.i.e government services, , someservicetransactions aresimply

corresponds tothefollowing , comprisingtrade relatedservices, intangible non-financialassets , coveringpaymentsand Fifth transport misclassificationof ,

(including news , travel . , and Commercial including other Statistics fuel primarycommoditiesarecalculatedusingIMFweights 3. World merchandise trade indices (Appendix table A26 2. Prices point, anddataforcalendaryear2004astheendpoint. example, dataforcalendaryear2000weretaken asthestarting average annualrate ofchangebetween2000and2004, for are analogoustocompoundinterestrates. Incalculatingthe changes 1. Annual II.3 Otherdefinitionsandmethods previous year(Appendixtables A27 and A28). indices withtherespectiveexportandimportvalues ofthe Aggregates arecalculatedbyweightingthecountries’price Japan andtheUnitedStatesare sourcedfromnationalstatistics. crude petroleumareobtainedfromIMF raw materials, minerals, non-ferrousmetals, fertilizersand indices forsuchcommoditiesasfood, beverages, agricultural exclude transactions governedbylonger-term contracts. Price indices largelybasedonspotmarket prices, andtherefore database,2005. August have beenestimatedfromstatisticsincludedintheNewCronos the IMF’s Balance-of-Payments statistics. Intra-EU trade figures 4. Intra-trade oftheEuropean Union differences are: commercial servicesdifferinBPM4andBPM5. Examplesofsuch services, aswelltheborderlinesbetweencomponentsof a numberofbreaksinseries. The borderline betweengoodsand that theseimprovementsaremadegradually, theyalsoresultin of internationaldatacomparability overtime. However, given services flowsbyoriginanddestination. detailed level, i.e., foradetailedservicecategory, orfortrade in corresponding value indices. the mostrecentyearsormaydiffer inproductcoverage fromthe volume andunitvalue indicesmaynotalways beavailable for of differentinternationalandnational sources. The reported Throughout thisreport, average annualpercentagechanges Export andimportpricesbycommoditygroupofGermany, Commodity pricemovementsareprimarilydescribedby The principalsourcefortrade incommercialservicesare theexpenditureofseasonalandborderworkers is (iv) inBPM4, insurance servicesarenormallymeasured (iii) goodsprocuredinports, suchasfuelsandprovisions, are (ii) mostprocessingtransactions areincludedinthegoods (i) The implementationofBPM5isresultinginanimprovement These distortionsmaybeparticularlysignificantatthe The volumeandunitvalue indicesaretaken fromarange BPM5. included inlabourincomeBPM4, andin of insurance servicesinBPM5; and freight insurance ispartoftransport inBPM4, andpart financial accountincaseoflifeinsurance; inaddition, premiums isrecordedundercurrenttransfers orinthe earnings; therestofnetpremiumsoractualrisk service charge, i.e. administrative servicesandpartofthe while inBPM5, insurance servicesreflectsthe “normal” by thenetpremiumsdefinedaslessclaims, BPM4; included ingoodsBPM5, andinservices(transport) in services; the value ofthefeespaidforprocessingareincludedin account onagrossbasisinBPM5, whileinBPM4only . Aggregates for allprimarycommoditiesandfornon- ). International Financial travel in particular China)withaboveaverage growth. poor growthrecord, andhighformajordevelopingcountries(in - especiallythesuccessorStatesofformerUSSRwitha exchange rates, PPPweightsarelowforthetransition economies weighting patterns. RelativetoweightsbasedonGDPatmarket market exchangerates. This isbecauseofdifferencesinthetwo than estimatesusingweightsbasedonGDPdatameasuredat based onPPP-weightsindicateasignificantlyfastergrowth estimate. For the2000-2004period, globalgrowthestimates pattern canhaveamarked influenceontheglobalgrowth rates amongcountriesandregions, thechoiceofweighting linked tothesefactors. Inaperiodofwidelydiverginggrowth international organizationsismeanttoattenuate “anomalies” of weightsbasedonpurchasingpowerparities(PPP)byother significant impactontheweightingpattern. The increasinguse the UnitedStatesdollarvis-à-vismajorcurrenciescanhavea for somemajoreconomies, togetherwiththefluctuationsof market exchangerates. economies in1995worldnominalGDPconvertedtodollarsat economies’ realGDPgrowth. The weightsusedaresharesof 1995 asweights. aggregation ofthethreesectorsbyusingvalue addedsharesin OECD, UNIDOandUNSD. The worldindexisderivedthrough estimated bycombiningproductionindicespublishedtheFAO, Activities Revision3(ISIC). World productioninthesesectorsis International StandardIndustrialClassificationofallEconomic is definedaccordingtomajorDivisions1, 2and3ofthe by theamountofre-exportmargin. figure will, however, under-estimate thevalue ofretainedimports the value ofre-exportsfromthevalue ofimports. The resulting from importsdirectly, an approximation isderived bysubtracting Appendix table A6. Sinceretained imports cannotbeidentified shown in Appendix tables A2 and A10 aresmallerthanthosein reason, thefiguresforworldexportsandof Asia exports andretainedimportsareincludedinthetotals. For this (unless otherwiseindicated); onlyHongKong, China’s domestic exports areexcludedfromtheworldand Asia aggregates element ofdoublecounting. Therefore, HongKong, China’s re- analytical value ofthestatisticsbyintroducingasignificant in regionalorworldaggregates, wouldadversely affectthe of itsre-exports(amountingin2004to$246billion), ifincluded II.1). However, inthecaseofHongKong, China, themagnitude re-exports areincludedintotalmerchandisetrade (seeSection 5. World gross domesticproduct 4.production World 6. Re-exports corresponding regionalunitvalue index. dividing therespectivetrade value indexforeachregionbythe regional totals. The volumeindexforeach regionisobtainedby estimates formissingdata. They arethenaggregatedtoobtain and internationalsourcesarecompletedwithSecretariat as weights. aggregation processtrade values ofthepreviousyearareused value isdeflatedbytheworldunitvalue index. Throughout the regional unitvalue indicesareaggregatedandtheworldtrade tier process. The useofofficialexchangerates whicharenotmarket-based World GDPgrowth isestimatedasaweightedaverage of Production ofagriculture, miningandmanufacturing Second Under thesystemofgeneral trade adopted inthisreport, Aggregation oftheindicestoobtainaworldtotalistwo- , toobtainthetotalworldmerchandisevolumeindex, First , exportandimportunitvalues fromnational 255 Technical Notes 256 and Statistics Technical Notes Concepts andDefinitions is notallocated estimating regionalandworldtotals. However, thisadjustment exports dataforintra-EU importsatthe aggregateEUlevelwhen of thisinconsistency, theSecretariathassubstitutedintra-EU a substantialunder-reporting ofintra-EU imports. As aresult 3 percentlowerthanthevalue ofintra-EU exports, indicating reported value ofintra-EU importshasbeenonaverage around intra-EU exports(f.o.b.). However, from1993onwards, the system, reportedintra-EU imports(c.i.f.) closely matchedreported import side. For example, priortotheadoptionofIntrastat on customsdeclarations. This isparticularlynoticeableonthe value, isnotaswidethepreviousone, whichwas based reports submittedbyfirmsfortransactions aboveaminimum “Intrastat” system(seeGATT 1994, member StatesoftheEUhavebeencollectedthrough the EUaggregate. thus reducingsubstantiallytheamountofestimationincludedin whole, Eurostatdataaremoretimelythantheprevioussource, data havebeensubstantiallyreduced. Moreover, fortheEUasa result, theconceptualdifferencesbetweenEUmemberstates’ in linewiththeUnitedNations’ legislation. The conceptsanddefinitionsadoptedbytheEUare 1993, withdatacompiledbyEurostatinaccordanceEU to nationalstatisticalpractices havebeenreplaced, starting 1. Merchandise trade statisticsoftheEuropean Union III. Specificnotesforselectedeconomies flowing throughinsurance companiestopolicyholders that insurance servicesector. Paid claimssimplyindicatedmoney premiums notdisbursedforclaims measuredtheoutputof less actualclaimspaid. According tothatapproach, only estimating trade ininsurance services. 3. Trade ininsurance servicesoftheUnitedStates the exportside, forabout 1percentoftotalreportedexports. for 22percentoftheofficiallyreportedtotalsin2004; and, on customs authorities. Suchadjustmentstoimportdataaccounted goods whichentertheeconomywithoutbeingregisteredby data onimportsconsistsofofficialestimatesinflows especially asregardsimports. A largeproportionofthereported uncertainty remainsabouttheaccuracy offoreigntrade statistics, standards oftheEuropeanUnion. new arrangements incustomsprocedurestoharmonizewiththe between 1997and1998forPoland, duetotheintroductionof data collectionprocedures. starting 1998. the useofBalancePayments methodologybyGOSKOMSTAT exports andimports. inward processingzones, aswelltheexclusionoftemporary the exclusionofaircrafts andthemovements ofshipsthrough 2. Majorbreaks indatacontinuityofmerchandise trade reflected inthevolumeestimatesforEUasawhole. the figureforEUimportsasawhole. This adjustmentisalso of reportedimportsindividualEUmembersdoesnotaddto Since January 1993, statisticsonthetrade betweenthe Beginning withthe2002report, EUdatacompiledaccording Insurance serviceswerepreviously measured aspremiums In 2003, theUnitedStates hasreviseditsmethodologyfor With respecttotheRussianFederation, considerable Between 1996and1997fortheSlovak Republic, and Between 1994and1995forUkraine, duetoachangein Between 1997and1998fortheRussianFederation dueto Between 1995and1996fortheCzechRepublic, dueto ). The coverage ofthissystem, whichrelieson between

, SeriesM, N°52, Revision2. As a EU membercountries. Hence, thesum International Trade Statistics, International Trade Trends affecting the item other business services). business other affecting theitem the coverage of Indian trade inservicesstatistics(mainly following theintroductionofanewreporting system to improve 5. Trade ofothercommercial servicesofIndia differ from1995-2002figuresavailable elsewhere. 2003) appliedbytheJapanese authoritiesandthereforethey referring tothenewcompilationmethodology(i.e. afterJanuary of commercialservicesincludeprovisionalSecretariatestimates this reportforJapanese 1995-2002travel exportsand the estimatesfortravel exports. foreign travellers asof2003. This revisionhadamajorimpacton notably byincludingresultsfromanewexpendituresurveyof Ministry ofFinancereviewedtheircompilationmethodology, exports andimports, theBankofJapan andtheJapanese 4. Travel exportsofJapan to financialintermediation. value oftheimplicitcomponentinsurance servicesattributable companies isnotoutputinandofitself; itisusedtoimputethe the fullcostofinsurance The investmentincomeofinsurance it backtotheinsurersassupplementspremiumscover income istreatedasaccruingtothepolicyholderswhopay intermediation servicesthroughtheinvestmentofreserves. The holders throughthepoolingofriskandprovidefinancial Insurance companiesprovidefinancialprotectiontopolicy (or incomeearnedontechnicalreservesofinsurance companies). added toinsurance servicesanestimateofpremiumsupplements for theyearsafter. lower fortheyears1992through1998andsignificantlyhigher imports andexportsofothercommercialservicesaresomewhat comparison withpreviouslypublishedstatistics, thevalues of other commercialservices, havebeenrevisedbackto1992. In series onU.S. trade ininsurance services, andconsequentlyon claims” couldonlybecalculatedfor1992. As aresult, time started in1986, thefirst6-yearaverage of “regularly occurring following theirevent. occurring claims” inequalincrementsoverthetwodecades a shareof “catastrophic claims” thatisadded-onto “regularly an average ofallclaimspaidduringtheprevious6years, and components: “regularly occurringclaims” thatarecalculatedas premiums lessnormalclaims. Normalclaimscomprisetwo Hurricane Andrew. for example, afterthe11September2001attacksor1992 sharp fluctuationforyearsinwhichextremeclaimsoccurred, suffered losses. The maininconvenience ofthismeasurewas its Most frequently usedsources forstatisticsare: IV. Statisticalsources OECD, IMF, IMF, IMF, FAO, FAO, EUROSTAT, ComextandNewCronosdatabases In 2004, theReserveBankofIndia released newdata In ordertomaintainconsistentgrowthrates, datashownin In ordertoenhancethecoverage ofestimatestravel OECD, To completethe2003revision, in2004theUnitedStates As comprehensivedatacollectiononinsurance services The newmethodologymeasuresinsurance servicesas World EconomicOutlook International FinancialStatistics Balance ofPaymentsStatistics FAOSTAT Agriculturedatabase Production Yearbook Main EconomicIndicators Monthly Statistics ofInternationalTrade database OECD, National Accounts Statistics on trade in commercial services are mainly drawn OECD/IEA, Energy Prices & from the IMF Balance of Payments Statistics. For economies UNECE, Economic Survey of Europe that do not report to the IMF (e.g., Macao, China; and Taipei, UNECLAC, Overview of the Economies of Latin America and Chinese) data are drawn from national sources. Estimations for the Caribbean missing data are mainly based on national statistics. Statistics UNIDO, National Accounts Statistics Database on trade in commercial services by origin and destination (Tables UNSD, Comtrade database (sourced through OECD for its III.6 and III.7) are also derived from national statistics. member States) GDP series in current dollars are mainly derived from the UNSD, International Trade Statistics Yearbook World Development Indicators, supplemented in UNSD, Monthly Bulletin of Statistics some cases with statistics from the IMF World Economic Outlook World Bank, World Development Indicators database. Acknowledgements are due to the Food and Agriculture These sources are supplemented by national publications and Organization, the International Monetary Fund, the Organisation Secretariat estimates. for Economic Co-operation and Development, the Statistical Figures for total merchandise trade are largely derived from Office of the European Communities, the United Nations IMF, International Financial Statistics. Data on merchandise Economic Commission for Europe, the United Nations Economic trade by origin, destination and product are obtained mainly Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, the United from Eurostat and the UNSD Comtrade database. Some Nations Statistics Division, the United Nations Industrial inconsistencies in the aggregate export and import data for Development Organization and the World Bank whose assistance the same country or territory between the two sources are in supplying advance information has greatly facilitated the work inevitable. These can be attributed to the use of different systems of the Secretariat. Acknowledgements are also due to national of recording trade, to the way in which IMF and UNSD have institutions for providing advance statistics. converted data expressed in national currencies into dollars, and revisions which can be more readily incorporated in the IMF data. Technical Notes Technical

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