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MARGINAL NOTES morphic rank of the supracrustal rocks (metasediments and mafic volcanic rocks) is upper amphibolite accompanied by partial melt­ ing and recrystallization with the development of coarse-grained Location and Access quartz and lit-par-lit neosome This rank of metamorphism accom­ panied by anatexis is found only in the northwestern part of the The Batchawana Synoptic Project map area is located in the supracrustal belt. This may be due to the higher water content Districts of Algoma and Sudbury, and is bounded by Latitudes within the metasediments which would allow for more extensive 46°56' to 47°30' and Longitudes 83°30' to 84°50'. The approxi­ fluid migration for recrystallization. mate area of 5000 Km2 covers 81 townships and 8 unsurveyed Mines and Minerals Division areas. Access to the region is available by allweather roads, Ontario Geological Survey logging roads, and the Algoma Central Railway line; numerous Structural Geology rivers and lakes also provide access by boat and float-equipped MAP P.3063 aircraft A hydro-electric powerline and accompanying access The supracrustal rocks of the Batchawana belt can be divided into road passes from the Mississagi River hydro-electric dam system two tectonic domains which are distinctly defined by their fabric Geological Series-Preliminary Map through Handleman. Ewen, Butcher, Sherratt, Scriven, Moggy, and deformational structures. The earliest structural fabric is a Moen, Hammond, Hallett. and Emiry Townships. northeast-trending schistosity which occurs parallel to the north­ A three-stage hydro-electric power dam system is located at east trend of the first volcanic cycle. Occuring primarily in the the western end of the Montreal River reservoir. Power generating metavolcanics of Palmer, Wishart. Olsen, and Davieaux Town­ dams are located in Home, Peever, and Rix Townships. Several ships, The schistosify follows a regular trend, except where it PRECAMBRIAN GEOLOGY power lines extend southward from these generating stations in follows the margin of the Griffin Lake Slock in Norberg Township. the western part of the region. Access into the central part of the In the northeastern part of Davieaux Township, the schistosity map area is by the Algoma Central Railway line which operates becomes predominantly northwestern trending. The trend changes Batchawana Synoptic Project both freight and passenger service with scheduled stops within abruptly and is marked by several faults and shear zones. The the area. Float-equipped aircraft service is available in the Village central sedimentary basin in Vibert, Tronsen, Raaflaub, and Run­ of and in the city of Sault Ste. Marie. Helicopter nalls Townships displays irregular bedding and schistosity fabrics. Batchewana-Searchmont Sheet service can be obtained from Sault Ste. Marie and Sudbury. Three This is due to the local deformation caused by the intrusion of the District of Algoma hard-surfaced all-weather roads provide access into the map area. Mongoose Lake and Grey Owl Lake Stocks. The sedimentary basin Highway 17 extends northward from Sault Ste. Marie along the is bounded by a major east-trending fault In Olsen and Davieaux Figure 2: AFM and Al-Fe + Ti-Mg diagram- displaying the Scale 1:50 000 eastern shore of . Highway 129 is located just east Townships and is non-comformable with the tholeiitic rocks of the dominat tholeiitic trend of the western volcanic domain of the map area and provides access to the eastern part of the first cycle. The sedimentary basin conformably overlies the sec­ map area. Highways 556 and 531 provide access to Searchmont ond cycle of calc-alkalic and tholeiitic volcanism, as shown by and the southern and eastern parts of the map area respectively. transitional facies sequences in Way-White and Runnalls Town­ Gravel haulage roads, extending eastward from Highway 17, are ships. located along the Harmony River, the in Kincaid A major northwest-trending, eastward-dipping synclinal axis NTS References: 41 K/16; 41 N/1 Township, and along the Montreal River. The road along the extends from the northwest comer of Lunkie Township to Runnalls Montreal River is a private access road and permission to use it Township and marks the zone of juxtaposition of the later calc- ODM-GSC Aeromagnetic Maps: 2201G, 2202G must be obtained from the Power Company in Sault alkalic volcanic cycle with the tholeiitic volcanic rocks of the first OGS Compilation Map: 2419 Ste. Marie. Access into Olsen and Davieaux Townships is made along log haulage roads from the main Harmony River haulage cycle. This northwesterly trend is the dominant schistosity of the road. Palmer Township can be accessed from a road north of southeastern part of the belt. The second cycle of volcanic rocks are overturned and possibly thrust over the earlier tholeiitic vol­ Batchawana Bay The road access along the Batchawana River is canic rocks. This appears to be the case in the Desbiens-Lunkie © Queen's Printer for Ontario. 1987 poor, particularly east of the Tribag Mine site; however, all-terrain Printed in Ontario, Canada cycles can negotiate the old unmaintained haulage roads with Townships area where a northeast-dipping syncline is overturned little difficulty. The Batchawana River Road extends north of Wart and intersects major east-trending faults in Davieaux Township Parts of this publication may be quoted if credit is Lake into Runnalls Township. An alternative maintained forest The axial plane of the overturned syncline was reactivated as a given and the material is properly referenced. access road, extending as far as the Tribag Mines site, branches thrust zone between the early first cycle tholeiitic volcanism and the second cycle. off at "Mile 67" on Highway 17 in Kincaid Township Roads into This map is published with the permission of V.G Lake Superior Provincial Park are restricted and permission must The northwesterly trending syncline merges with a northeast­ Milne. Director Ontario Geological Survey. be obtained from the park administration for vehicle access. erly trending syncline In Runnalls Township and provides evidence that these two volcanic domains are part of the same sequence. Access into the eastern part of the area is provided from Searchmont along either Highway 556 or Highway 129. Access The northeastern volcanic rocks of the Cow River area are a distal from Searchmont is along the Whitman Dam Road through facies equivalent of the volcanic rocks in Gapp Township. The dominant structural gram of the northeastern group is a north­ Daumont and Hynes Townships, northward into Lunkie and Gapp easterly trending schistosity. Townships, where it is known as Teepee Lake Road where it joins with the "Domtar" road which extends eastward through Gaudry. The northwesterly trend within the belt is part of a major Pine, and McIlveen Townships. The "Domtar" road extends north regional lineament and fault trend within the south-central part of into Wlasy Township as far as Quinn Lake. Access into Gapp and Ihe southern part ot the Superior Province This has controlled the Desbiens Township is by a haulage road west of Hanes Lake in network of diabase dikes that have intruded the area in at least Gapp Township. This poorly maintained road extends as far west four episodes (Shaw 1985). as the Algoma Central Railroad line at the Mekatina stop. Access A northeasterly lineament and fault trend is also present Figure 3: AFM and Al-Fe + Ti+Mg di agrams showing the mix e d tholeiitic and into Gaudry and Bracci Townships is by a haulage road located within the area, and although not as abundant in terms of num­ calc-alkalic volcanic trend on the southeastern and eastern part o f t he map area. approximately 1 km west of the junction of the Domtar road and bers, the lineaments and faults are long (>25 km), extending the Teepee Lake Road. Various unmaintained haulage roads from westward into Lake Superior Features such as the Montreal River the "Domtar" road provide access into Nahwegezhic, Pine. Mcll­ Fault, the Fault, and the Batchawana River veen, Hoffman, and Handleman Townships. Most of these roads Lineament/Fault define this northeasterly trend, and are related to require four-wheel drive or all-terrain vehicles for access. the Kapuskasing Subprovince Structural Zone. These faults may Access into the eastern and southeastern parts of the map be related to the early development of regional structural patterns area is along the Gong Lake road in Mcllveen Township which of at least 2715 Ma and have a history that extends into extends northward as far as the Ontario Hydro power line in Ewen Keweenawan and the subsequent development of the Late Supe­ Township A four-wheel drive access road along the power line rior Basin. extends northwestward as far as the Cow River in Moggy Town­ ship This road continues northward througn Moen, Hammond, and Diabase Dikes Hancock Townships where it joins with the Pineal Lake road at Pineal Lake This road extends east and north to Highway 129 at The Batchawana area has been intruded by a large number of Chapleau. Access into Neil and Sherratt Townships is by haulage diabase dikes. These dikes are mainly tholeiitic in composition road south of Pineal Lake. (Figure 5). The predominant strike of the dikes is northwest, which Areas that are difficult to access by road or water are Way- follows the tectonic fabric of the area. Northeast-trending dikes White and Runnalls Townships and most areas north of the Mon­ related to taler linear structures are less common On the basis of treal River reservoir, west of Hammond Township. paleomagnetic studies, Shaw (1985) has shown that at least four ages of diabase dikes occur in the area: Late Archean (Matachewan. 2647 Ma old); Sudbury; post-Huronian, and Keweenawan. The Matachewan-type and Sudbury dikes have General Geology been documented by the paleomagnetic work of Shaw (1985). the post-Huronian dike cross cuts a Huronian outlier (Grunsky and The following summary is partially synthesized from reports that Arengi 1977) and the Keweenawan dikes are associated with are listed in Table 1. The area can be subdivided geologically into Keweewawan volcanics. Corfu and Grunsky (in press) also have four major lithotectonic domains of the Superior Province (Figure suggested that a titanite age of 2647 Ma from a crystal tuff in 1); the Chapleau Gneiss Domain, the Ramsey Gneiss Domain, the Nahwegezhic Township is the result of resetting by the intrusion Algoma Plutonic Domain, and the Batchawana Volcanic Domain of a diabase dike less than 10 m away, thus indirectly dating the (Card 1979). The Chapleau and Ramsey Gneiss Domains extend Matachewan intrusions. Figure 4: AFM and Al-Fe + Ti-Mg d iagrams showing the mixed tholeiitic -calc-alkalic eastward to the Abitibi-Swayze Volcanic Domain and were formed Siragusa (1982) has presented an overview of the characteris­ trend o f the Cow River area. The calc-alkalic volcanics occur in the Neill t ownship area. by anatexis of supracrustal and plutonic rocks. The Algoma Plu­ tic features of the diabase dikes as follows: tonic Domain is comprised primarily of leucocratic granite and quartz monzonite (Card 1979). The Chapleau Gneiss Domain is "Diabase dikes, dominantly northwest-trending, are a part of the Kapuskasing Subprovince Recent U/Pb zircon dating prominent feature throughout the Batchawana-Quinn Lake (Corfu and Grunsky, 1987 ) indicates a late thermal episode area, and are even more numerous than can be shown on the within this zone. The Batchawana Volcanic Domain can be sub­ map. Foliation in the metavolcanics. and northwest-trending divided into two major volcanic cycles (discussed below). regional fractures in all the Archean rocks, are apparently the The Archean metavolcanic-metasedimentary rocks have been main factors which controlled the emplacement of diabase. deformed, metamorphosed, faulted, intruded by felsic plutonic The thickness of the dikes varies from about 0.5 m to about rocks, and intruded by several episodes of diabase dikes. The 120 m, measured in a dike exposed over a length of 275 m in area is also partly covered by sedimentary rocks of the Huronian Desbiens Township. Occurrences of variably strained Supergroup (Grunsky 1980) supracrustal rocks 'sandwiched' between closely spaced MINERAL OCCURENCES OF THE BATCHAWANA AREA diabase dikes are not uncommon in the Batchawana-Quinn The oldest volcanic cycle within the Batchawana Volcanic Lake area: because of this, clusters of diabase outcrops P ro p . Township Commodity Description Domain consists of a sequence of tholeiitic flows and sills with No. minor amounts of intercalated felsic tuffs and clastic sedimentary showing no clear evidence of a preferred trend were generally rocks. This western cycle extends from Palmer Township eastward interpreted as areas underlain by two or more parallel or converging dikes, rather than by a unique wide dike. Some of 89 N i c o l e t Cu into Davieaux Township. Geochronological. stratigraphic, and Cu East breccia zone these clusters, however, are interpreted as isolated small 9 1 N ic o le t structural evidence suggests that this early cycle of tholeiitic 92 N i c o l e t po cp py intrusions of local character (e.g Dismal Lake area. Way-White volcanic rocks accumulated along an east-northeast-trending axis. 9 3 N i c o l e t py Township). The dikes have fine-grained to glassy chill 9 4 N i c o l e t cp py A later eastern cycle, comprised of a lower tholeiitic flow margins, commonly contain pyritlc disseminations, and may be sequence with an upper sequence of calc-alkalic mafic to felsic 96 N ic o le t Fe East breccia locally porphyritic with altered plagioclase phenocrysts up to 136 R u n n a lls po py Mineralized shear zone volcanic rocks, extends northwestward from Lunkie Township to 6 cm in size Runnalls Township and eastward into Moggy and Moen Town­ 137 R a a fla u b py Mineralized shear zone 138 R a a fla u b S i l t s t o n e ships. The relationship between the eastern and western cycles is The diabase is massive, fresh-looking, grey-green to dark py 139 R a a fla u b Mo qv Arkose, arkosic wacke, obscured, but it is possible that the contact is in part conformable green, with a grain size of 1 to 8 mm. The rock weathers to a uniform or mottled brown which typically penetrates the rock subarkosic wacke and in part disconformable because of subsidence and faulting of 143 R a a fla u b py Slate, argillite, the first cycle. Accompanying this subsidence, a fault-bounded, for only a few millimetres. A red-brown weathered surface is characteristic, although not necessarily diagnostic, of olivine­ spotted slate deep-water sedimentary basin was formed in the Vibert and Tron- Au Ag Cu bearing diabase " 146 Running sen Township areas With the onsel of the second cycle calc- 147 Tolmonen mag alkalic volcanism in the Lunkie Township area, deposition of The dikes shown on the maps are interpreted from geophysi­ Figure 5: AFM and A l-Fe + Ti-Mg diagrams showing the tholeiitic 148 Norberg Fe pyroclastic tuffs and sediments occurred to the northwest in the cal anomalies, and topographic outcrop exposures. Due to the trend of the d iabase di kes. 149 Norberg Pb Zn Ag Mafic to intermediate sedimentary basin. This interpretation is in part supported by the large number of dikes, not all of them could be shown on the metavolcanics fining of pyroclastic material northwestward from Way-White maps. 150 Norberg Cu Township into Runnalls Township. The stratigraphy and schistosity 151 Norberg Cu Mineralized quartz vein 152 W is h a rt Cu of sedimentary rocks in a northwest-trending pattern delineates 153 Tronsen Cu cp Chalcopyrite in rusty zone the axis of the second phase of deformation within the map area. Economic Geology This trend typifies the fabric of the major tectonic elements of the 154 Tronsen qv Quartz vein volcanic-sedimentary rocks throughout the entire belt. Accumula­ A total of 320 mineral occurrences, properties, and deposits have References and Bibliography 155 Tronsen Cu cp Rusty zone tion of sediments within the major sedimentary basin subdomain been located within the Batchawana area. There have been two 1978b: Quinn Lake Area (Eastern Half). District of Algoma; Ontario 156 Olsen po Cu Mineralized shear zone Geological Survey. Preliminary Map P.1834. Geological Se­ possibly continued until intrusion of the felsic plutonic rocks and major copper producers (Proterozoic age) and a number of small Annells, R.N. 157 Tronsen py Mineralized rusty zone subsequent arrest of tectonic activity. uranium deposits. No Archean base metal deposits of any signifi­ ries. scale 1:15 840. 158 Tronsen Cu 1973: Proterozoic Flood Basalts of Eastern Lake Superior: The cant size have been discovered. Iron reserves in the Goulais River 1982: Geology of the Quinn Lake Area. District of Algoma. Ontario 159 T ronsen py Rusty zone in lava The first volcanic cycle is comprised of tholeiitic mafic Keweenawan Volcanic Rocks of the Mamainse Point Area. metavolcanic flows and sills in the western pari of the map area. It Iron Range are currently considered too small and uneconomic to Geological Survey. Miscellaneous Paper 104, 11 p. Accom­ 160 Tronsen py Anorthositic gabbro Ontario; Geological Survey of Canada, Paper 72-10, 51 p., 2 Mineralized shear zone becomes progressively more intercalated with metasediments and mine. Presently, the most promising commodity within the area is panied by Preliminary Map P.2580, scale 1:15 840 or 1 inch 161 Tronsen py gold. plates. 4 figures, and 1 table. to a 1/4 mile. 162 Tronsen py Cu Mineralized shear zone felsic tuffaceous horizons to the east. Pillowed flows are the most po Mineralized shear zone Iron is present as magnetite-chert ironstone accumulates with­ Blecha, M. 1986: Geology of the Batchawana-Pangis Area. District of Algoma; 163 Olsen abundant mafic metavolcanics. These flows are typically 2 to 164 Olsen po Cu 10 m thick and pillow sizes average 0.5 to 1.0 m across. Varying in the supracrustal volcanic sequence in several areas of the belt. 1974: Batchawana Area-A Possible Precambrian Porphyry Copper Ontario Geological Survey. Report 243. 56p. Accompanied 165 Olsen Cu po Mineralized graphite degrees of carbonate alteration parallel to the stratigraphy (and The greatest accumulation of magnetite-chert occurs in the District, CIM Bulletin. August 1974. p.71-76. by Maps 2479 and 2480. scale 1:31 680 or 1 inch to 1/2 c h e r t Goulais River Iron Range within Nahwegezhic and Gapp Town­ foliation) was observed in some units. Exposures of thick, massive Card, K.D. mile. 166 Olsen py ships. A northern extension occurs in the northern part of Gapp flows and sills were observed in the McGovern Lake area. 1979: Regional Geological Synthesis. Central Superior Province: Thompson, J.E. 167 Olsen po Mineralized zone Figure 2 shows that the dominant geochemical trend of the Township. The deposit is held by the Algoma Steel Corporation 168 Olsen po Cu Mineralized zone Limited and currently the reserves are estimated at 30 480 000 p.87-90 in Current Research, Part A, Geological Survey of 1954: Geology of the Mamainse Point Copper Area; Ontario De­ 169 Olsen Sheared lava metavolcanics is towards iron enrichment Eastward into Davieaux Canada, Paper 79-1A, 1979 partment of Mines. Annual Report for 1953. Volume 62. Part py tons of iron pellets. Significant exploration work was carried out in 170 Olsen py Granite dyke in Township, the mafic metavolcanics are increasingly interbedded 4, 25p Accompanied by Map 1953-1, scale 1 inch lo 1000 with metasediments and felsic tuffaceous rocks, suggesting a the area during the 1940s. 1950s. and 1960s, however the deposit Corfu. F., and Grunsky. E.C. v o lc a n ic s feet 171 Olsen Mineralized shear zone is currently not considered to be economic. Magnetite-chert iron­ 1987 Igneous Tectonic Evolution of the Batchawana Green­ py change from a proximal source environment in the west to a more 172 Olsen py qv Mineralized quartz distal redeposited environment in the east. The sequence of mafic stone also occurs in the northern part of Palmer Township south of stone Belt, Superior Province, U/Pb Zircon Titanite Study, Wilson. B.C. Pancake Lake. A test pit was developed and approximately s t r i n g e r to intermediate metavolcanics in the northeastern part of the map Journal Of Geology, Volume 9b, Number 1, p. 87-105 1983: Geology of the Percy Lake-Rotunda Lake Areas. Districts of 173 Cu Siliceous pyrite 200 000 tons of ore containing 26 to 29% Fe have been outlined Olsen area is comprised of a sequence of pillowed and massive mafic Giblin, P.E. Algoma and Sudbury. Ontario Geological Survey, Report 174 O lsen py Q u a rtz bands w ith some flows with interbedded clastic metasediments. A smaller unit of magnetite-chert ironstone occurs in the southern 229, 32p. Accompanied by Map 2478. scale 1:31 640 or 1 pyrite and magnetite part of Palmer Township; it is not of sufficient width to be consid­ 1969: Mamainse Point Area, District of Algoma Ontario Department inch to 1/2 mile. Metasediments are more abundant at the base of the the ered economic. Isolated magnetite-chert interbed units occur in of Mines, Preliminary Geological Map P.554, scale 1 inch to 175 Olsen Au Schist with quartz bands 176 O ls en eastern volcanic cycle, as indicated by exposures east of Cowie several places within the Batchawana belt; northeast Runnalls 1/4 mile (1:15 840). py Lake, along the north bank of the Montreal River reservoir, and the 177 O lsen qv Siliceous, sheared, Township; east of Wart Lake in Vibert Township; several zones Giblin, P.E., and Armburst, G.A. TABLE 1. GEOLOGICAL REPORTS AND MAPS OF THE BATCHAWANA AREA. basic material south limb of the syncline in Schembri and Moggy townships. In near the southern boundary of the supracrustal sequence in these two townships the character of the metasediments indicates 1973: Batchawana, . Ontario; Ontario Division of 178 Olsen py Schembri Township; and remnants of the Goulais River Iron Range Year Author Area Publisher 179 Olsen Rusty schist zone a transition from an early distal to a more proximal mafic plain Mines, Map 2251, scale 1 inch to 1 mile. py within the gneissic tonalites in Pine Township. All of these units 180 O lsen Cu environment. The clastic metasediments are for the most part ODM Vol. 34 Pt. 4 are thin, discontinuous and less than 100 m in strike length. Grunsky. E.C. 1925 E.S. Moore East Part of 1 8 1 O lsen Cu derived from weathering of the volcanic sequence. This suggests Batchawana Belt 1980: Geology of the Cowie Lake Area, District of Algoma; Ontario 182 O lsen py Shear zone with blue that this area was less active volcanically than other areas to the Geological Survey, Report 192, 67p. Accompanied by Map 1926 E.S. Moore West Part of ODM Vol. 35 Pt. 2 q u a r tz west. Base Metals 2426, scale 1:31 680 or 1 inch to 1/2 mile. Batchawana Belt 183 O lsen py N.B. Keevil N.East Part of GSC Map 366 A 184 O lsen S hear zone w ith some Development of the central sedimentary basin started during 1981: Geology of the Grey Owl Lake Area, District of Algoma; 1936 py The most abundant type of mineral occurrence in the area is the Batchawana Belt mineralized quartz the early stages of the eastern volcanic cycle. This is evidenced Ontario Geological Survey. Report 205. 76p. Accompanied base metal type. Copper, zinc, and minor amounts of lead occur E.S. Moore H.S. Goulais River Iron ODM Vol. 55 PI. 4 185 B ru le Cu by the coarse clastic metasediments and debris flows present in by Map 2446. scale 1:31 680 or 1 inch to 1/2 mile. 1946 the northern part of the Runnalls and Raaflaub Townships. This throughout the Archean supracrustal rocks. Copper, molybdenum, Armstrong Range 186 V ib e r t mag py D i o r i t e 187 V ib e r t sequence fines upwards, becoming increasingly turbidite-like, and tungsten occur in association with the Proterozoic rocks as Grunsky, E.C.. and Arengi, J.T. 1953 Jas. E. Thomson Mamainse ODM Vol. 62 Pt. 4 py epigenetic fissure-vein deposits (Coppercorp Mine) and breccia Point-Keweenawan 188 V ib e r t py Massive sulphides deep-water facies metasediments The central sedimentary basin 1977: Cowie Lake Area, District of Algoma; Ontario Geological 189 V ib e r t s i appears to be conformable over the northern group of rocks in the pipe deposits (Tribag Mine). Base metal occurrences in the Ar­ Survey, Preliminary Map P.1562, Geological Series, scale Vol. chean supracrustal rocks are more common in the eastern and 190 V ib e r t py Runnalls-Raaflaub Townships area and in areas to the east and 1:15 840, Geology 1977. 1955 E.W. Nuffield Montreal River ODM Vol. 64 Pt. 3 191 V ib e r t mag py northeastern parts of the belt, where they occur within the calc- Nicolet Township ODM P 361 southeast The southern margin of the basin is marked by a Keevil, N.B. 1964 P.E. Giblin 192 V ib e r t cp py distinct fault in the Davieaux-Olsen Townships area. This fault was alkalic metavolcanic sequence. Many small sulphide occurrences 1965 P.E. Giblin Palmer Township ODM P 710 193 D avieau x qv Old pit (white quartz 1936. Cow River Area; Geological Survey of Canada. Map 366A, probably active from at least the top of the first (western) volcanic have been reported in Gapp, Lunkie. Way-White. Running, Run­ 1965 P.E. Giblin Ryan Township ODM P 555 in sediments) nalls, and Schembri Townships. These occurrences are primarily a scale 1 inch to 2 miles. Geology 1936. cycle since no volcanics of the second cycle overlie this group. 1965 G.A. Armburst Wishart Township ODM P 364 194 D avieau x py Quartz stringers in volcanic interflow accumulation of sulphides, consisting of pyrite, The calc-alkalic cycle of volcanics is marked by the presence Moore. E.S. 1965 G.A. Armburst Olsen Township ODM P 363 sedim ents ODM P 553 195 D avieau x of coarse felsic metavolcanic breccias of calc-alkalic affinity pyrrhotite, and chalcopyrite. More significant amounts of sulphides 1926: Mississagi Reserve and the Gouiais River Iron Ranges, 1966 P.E. Giblin Kincaid Township py Mineralized rusty zone ODM P 359 196 D avieau x Rusty shear zone (Figure 3) that overlie a significant accumulation of ironstone in occur in Gapp and Runnalls Townships, where felsic pyroclastic District of Algoma; Ontario Department of Mines, Annual 1967 P.E. Giblin Norberg Township py ODM P 554 with quartz the Cowie Lake area and grade northeastward into calc-alkalic rocks are more abundant. Alteration zones which are commonly Report for 1925. Volume 34. Part 4, p.1-33. Accompanied by 1967 P.E. Giblin Mamainse Point associated with large deposits of massive sulphides have not 1968 P.E. Giblin Fisher Township ODM P 557 197 D avieaux py Mineralized quartz vein and tholeiitic basalts. The calc-alkalic metavolcanic sequence is Map 34d, scale 1 inch to 1 mile. 196 D avieaux Old pit (quartz-bearing intercalated with mafic metavolcanic flows from the northwest. previously been identified in the area, although zones of car- 1968 P.E. Giblin Herrick Township ODM P 556 py bonatization have been noted in the northern part of Gapp Town­ 1927: Batchawana Area, Algoma District; Ontario Department of 1972 R.N. Annells Mamainse Point & GSC Paper 72-10 shear zone) The sequence tops to the south and is overturned, (bedding and Mines, Annual Report for 1926, Volume 35, Part 2, p.53-85. 195 D avieau x py Shear zone with quart, schistosity dipping north). The felsic metavolcanic sequence con­ ship by the author. Base metal occurrences in the western part of Alona Bay Batchawana-Pangis OGS P 998, OFR 5345 c a rb o n a te tains increasingly finer clasts and is progressively more sedimen­ the map area (Palmer, Ryan, Wishart, Olsen Townships) are less Moore, E.S., and Armstrong, H.S. 1973 G.M. Siragusa 2 0 0 D avieau x Au (po py) tary in character near the top of the sequence (southeast). These common than in the east. This area is primarily underlain by mafic 1948: Iron Deposits in the District ot Algoma: Ontario Department (Western Half) 2 01 D avieau x OGS P 1193 py finer metavolcanics extend northwest and into Way-White and metavolcanics with minor intercalated sulphide-bearing units, but of Mines. Annual Report for 1946, Volume 55. Part 4. 1974 G.M. Siragusa Batchawana-Pangis 202 D avieau x Shear zone in andesite (Eastern Half) py Runnalls Townships, where the tuffs become increasingly distal in no observed massive-sulphide type alteration assemblages. The p. 1-118. 2 0 3 D avieau x py Rusty fracturing in lava abundance of sulphide-rich interflow units increases near the top 1975 G.M. Siragusa Quinn Lake (Western OGS P 1833 204 D avieau x character and are interbedded with metasediments. The geoch­ Nuffield. E.W. py ronology of the felsic luffs in the central part of Desbiens Town­ of the sequence in the Tronsen-Davieaux Townships area. Half) 205 D avieau x py Mineralized zone ship show that these are the youngest known supracrustal rocks Copper associated with Proterozoic rocks is commonly found 1956. Geology of the Montreal River Area: Ontario Department of 1976 G.M. Siragusa Quinn Lake (Eastern OGS P 1834 206 D avieaux py Mineralized zone in volcanics in the belt (Corfu and Grunsky, in press). It is not known conclu­ in two associations: native copper with barite in fissure-vein struc­ Mines, Annual Report for 1955, Volume 55, Part 3. 32p. Half) with quartz and calcite sively whether or not the felsic metavolcanics in the Neill Town­ tures within the Keweenawan volcanic sequence, and Accompanied by Map 1955-1, scale 1:31 680 1 inch to 1/2 1977 E.C. Grunsky Cowie Lake OGS P 1562, GR 192 207 D avieau x py Mineralized shear zone with quartz stringers ship area are contemporaneous with the northeastern group of chalcopyrite-molybdenite-scheelite within intrusive porphyry-brec­ mile. 1978 E.C. Grunsky Grey Owl Lake OGS P 1562, GR 205 1979 B.C. Wilson Rotunda-Percy Lake OGS P 2363, OFR 5309 208 D avieau x qv Rusty zone with quartz mafic metavolcanics as outcrop abundance is low in that area. cia systems. Several fissure-vein systems occur within the vol­ Shaw, E. s t r i n g e r s canic sequence at Mamainse Point, the most important being the (Western Half) The mafic metavolcanics of the second cycle are composed 1985: Precambrian Dikes in the Eastern Lake Superior Region and Rotunda-Percy Lake OGS P 2364, OFR 5309 209 W ayw hite Pb Galena Occurrence Coppercorp Mine from which 1 294 247 tons of ore at 2.1% Cu 1979 B.C. Wilson W aywhite primarily of pillowed basalts with intercalated metasediments. The their Use in Defining Crustal Rotation: Unpublished M.Sc. (Eastern Half) 2 1 0 py was recovered. The Tribag Mine area consists of a series of 211 W aywhite pillowed units are typically 5 to 10 m thick with a fine- to medium­ Thesis. University of Toronto, 162p. 1982 G.M. Siragusa Quinn Lake Area OGS MP 104 p y grained chilled flow base, a medium- to coarse-grained flow cen­ breccia pipes in the southeastern part of Nicolet Township. The 212 W aywhite py Pyrite mineralization Breton Pipe, the main Tribag ore zone, produced 37 257 993 Siragusa. G.M. 1983 B.C. Wilson Rotunda-Percy Lake GR 229 213 D esbiens py Cu tre, followed by a pillowed layer constituting approximately 30% to 1983 G.M. Siragusa Rand Lake Map 2478, 2479 40% of the flow thickness, then a fine-grained pillow breccia. In pounds of Cu and 246 054 ounces of silver. The west breccia 1975: Batchawana-Pangis Area (Western Half), District of Algoma: 214 D esbiens py 1984 G.M. Siragusa Wart Lake Map 2480 215 D esbiens qv the zones of higher metamorphic rank (Cow River area), these zone was recently explored by the DeKalb Syndicate which out­ Ontario Division of Mines. Preliminary Map P.998 Geologi­ Shear zone in acid lava lined 28 000 tons of 0.87% WO3 and 40 000 tons of 2.0% Cu cal Series, scale 1:15 840. 216 D esbiens qv Shearing in lava with quartz typical flow subdivisions zones can still be recognized. Com- Abbreviations s t r i n g e r s and c a l c i t e positionally these rocks are tholeiitic (Figure 4). although no ore was ever removed. The Jogran Porphyry deposit 1976: Batchawana-Pangis Area (Eastern Half). District of Algoma; OGS - Ontario Geological Survey containing Cu-Mo-Ag mineralization, occurs in Ryan Township at 217 D esbiens qv Rusty zone with quartz Ontario Division of Mines, Preliminary Map P 1193. Geologi­ ODM - Ontario Department of Mines 218 The metasedimentary domain within the central portion of the the north end of Mamainse Lake. No tonnage figures for the D esbiens py Pyrite mineralized in cal Series, scale 1:15 840 or 1 inch to 1/4 mile GSC - Geological Survey of Canada green lavas bell is comprised of conglomerates, wackes, and turbidites. Envi­ deposit have been reported, although exploration has indicated ronmental indicators suggest a deep-water submarine fan origin. 1978a: Quinn Lake Area (Western Half). District of Algoma; Ontario P - Preliminary Map 219 D esbiens py Rusty zone in altered lavas that the dimensions of the ore body are estimated to be 600 feet Geological Survey. Preliminary Map P.1833, Geological Se­ OFR - Open File Report 222 Dablon s i The wacke units are typically intermediate in terms of comparable in diameter to a minimum depth of 680 feet, with an average volcanic composition and are interpreted as being derived from ries. scale 1:15 840 or 1 inch to 1/4 mile. GR - Geological Report 225 T i l l e y Cu grade of 0.19% Cu, 0 053% MoS2 and locally, high grades of Ag Laverendrye Cu the weathering of earlier volcanic deposits of the first or second MP - Miscellaneous Paper 226 of up to 2.08 ounces per ton. The porphyries and breccias of the 227 Laverendrye Cu cycle. Wackes are common in the area southeast of Cowie Lake, Keweenawan have been classified and discussed by Blecha 228 G a u d e tte Cu overlying the Goulais River Iron Range, within the mafic metavol­ (1974). 270 W is h a rt hem spec canic sequence in the Cow River area, in the northern part of the metasedimentary sequence north of Grey Owl Lake, and in the Mekatina to Spruce Lake area. Commonly associated with the Uranium wackes in all of the above-mentioned areas are monolithic and heterolithic conglomerates that represent debris deposits. Con­ Uranium was first discovered in Canada at Theano Point on the glomerates are found within the turbidite sequence but are less eastern shore of Lake Superior. Numerous discoveries of uranium common. The turbidites are commonly graded and vary in thick­ have been reported in the northwestern part of the map area. ness from 5 mm to 20 cm. They occur in the Wan Lake area and Although significant exploration work has been performed on the northward into Runnalls Township, they reflect a deep water envi­ Theano Point discovery (Camray Mines Limited) and the Ranson SOURCES OF INFORMATION ronment. dike in Peever Township (Ranwick Uranium Mines Limited), neither have ever been operating mines. Base map derived from Map 41 N/1 (Batchewana) and Map 41 The genesis of the uranium concentration is attributed to the K/16 (Searchmont) of the National Topographic Series. intrusion of diabase dikes within the Chapleau Gneiss Domain Metamorphism where low regional radioactivity is known to exist. A regional low grade radioactive anomaly was outlined in the Loach-Larsen For a complete list of sources of information, see Table 1. Metamorphism in the area can be subdivided into regional Townships area of the Chapleau Gneiss Domain in the late 1970s greenschist-amphibolite facies throughout the supracrustal se­ The Chapleau Gneiss Domain has a large number of pegmatitic Magnetic decimation approximately 6°59’ in 1986. quence. and varying degrees of anatexis in the western and rocks associated with it, particularly near the Montreal River reser­ eastern part of the supracrustal-plutonic boundary zones. Contact voir. This area is generally higher in radiogenic rocks relative to Metric Conversion Factor: 1 foot = 0.3048 m metamorphism associated with the later massive plutons within the Ramsey Gneiss Domain to the southeast. the supracrustal rocks is of the hornblende-hornfels rank The regional metamorphic patterns within the supracrustal sequence define a zone of amphibolite rank metamorphic rocks near the Precious Metals plutonic rocks, and greenschist facies mineral assemblages in the rocks further into the core of the supracrustal belt. The mafic Gold and silver occurrences within the area appear to be re­ metavolcanics are typically hornblende + plagioclase ± garnet ± stricted to the central and south-central part of the supracrustal epidote schists, and contain variable amounts of feldspar or epi- sequence. Traces of gold and silver have been reported from dote veining within zones that have undergone metamorphic seg­ some of the interflow sulphide-bearing units within the volcanic regation. The felsic to intermediate metavolcanics are commonly sequences in the Runnalls Township area and in southeastern CREDITS transformed into fine- to medium-grained quartz + plagioclase + Gapp Township. The most significant gold prospect to date is that muscovite ± hornblende ± garnet schists. currently held by Massive Energy Corporation, in a zone south of Geology by E.C. Grunsky and assistants, 1981 to 1984. Compila­ Spruce Lake in Davieaux Township. Two occurrences containing tion by E.C. Grunsky, 1981 to 1986. Most of the metasediments are volcanically derived and the significant gold values have been located along a sulphide facies chemistry is similar to the metavolcanics. Thus, their metamorphic ironstone (Massive Energy Corporation). The gold is concentrated Ever/ possible effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of assemblages are typically those associated with the volcanic along shears within the sulphide zones and exploration at this rocks, i.e., hornblende + plagioclase ± biotite ± quartz ± mus­ time has outlined patchy mineralization. The area is also inter­ the information presented on this map; however, the Ontario Min­ covite ± garnet. Staurolite-bearing schists are present in the Grey sected by some large east-trending faults that are possibly related istry of Northern Development and Mines does not assume any Owl Lake and the central metasedimentary basin in the Wart Lake liability for errors that may occur. Users may wish to verify critical area. Typical greenschist assemblages for the mafic metavol­ to the development of the second cycle of volcanism and the information; sources include both the references listed here, and canics are plagioclase ± epidote ± sericite ± chlorite and sedimentary basin to the north in Tronsen and Vibert Townships. information on file at the Resident Geologist's Office and the plagioclase ± actinolite ± epidote ± chlorite. Textures are usually Gold mineralization may be concentrated along this large fault Mining Recorder's Office nearest the map area. preserved in the lower rank metamorphic rocks. The greenschist system trending east-west from Gapp Township to Olsen Town­ ship. Associated with this fault system is extensive carbonatiza- mineral assemblages for the felsic metavolcanics are typically Issued 1987 quartz + plagioclase + sericite ± actinolite (hornblende) + tion. The carbonate alteration, and the gold discoveries of Massive Energy Corporation, are situated in proximity to this system. zoisite. The ferromagnesian mineral content varies with composi­ Information from this publication map be quoted if credit is given. tion. Metasediments display a wide range of metamorphic mineral Is is recommended that reference to this map be made in the assemblages in the greenschist facies, notably quartz 4 Figure 1: Litho-tectonic subdivisions of part of the Superior Province (from Card 1979) following form: plagioclase ± biotite ± chlorite ± sericite ± epidote in the wackes, Acknowledgments quartz + feldspar ± biotite ± chlorite ± epidote ± sericite in the ASVD—Abitibi Swayze Volcanic Domain BeVD—Benny Volcanic Domain WRPD—White River Plutonic Domain siltstone and chlorite + biotite + feldspar + quartz ± sericite in The author was ably assisted during the field work by Mr. R. Reid PGD—Peterlong Gneiss Domain AgGD—Algoma Gneiss Domain SVD—Schreiber Volcanic Domain the argillites. and Mr. G, Macmaster. Integration of field data with laboratory, RGD—Ramsey Gneiss Domain LGD—Levack Gneiss Domain MGD—Manitouwadge Gneiss Domain Grunsky. E C. Zones of anatexis and assimilation of the supracrustal rocks assessment, and report data was provided by Mr. R. Reid, Ms. S. BVD—Biscotasing Volcanic Domain SA—Shawmere Anorthosite Complex MVD—Manitouwadge Volcanic Domain 1987: Precambrian Geology of the Batchawana Synoptic Project are most common in the northern and western part of the belt. In Rice, and Ms. J. Howe. Their assistance is gratefully acknowl­ BaVD—Batchewana Volcanic Domain CGD—Chapleau Gneiss Domain SaVD—Saganash Volcanic Domain Area, Batchewana-Searchmont Sheet, District of Algoma; the Tronsen-Tolmonen-Raaflaub-Home Townships area, the meta­ edged. AgPD—Algoma Plutonic Domain AGD—Anjigami Gneiss Domain CPD—Caramat Paragneiss Domain Ontario Geological Survey, Map P.3063, Geological Series- Preliminary Map, scale 1:50 000. Geology 1981-1984. WVD—Wawa Volcanic Domain