DDRRAAFFTT EEIIAA && EEMMPP RREEPPOORRTT
FOR
Mineral Beneficiation of Bleaching Clay – Expansion Project
(Category "B" under item 2(b), As per Amendment in EIA Notification dated 25/6/2014)
EXISTING CAPACITY: 12,000 MT/MONTH ADDITIONAL CAPACITY: 4,000 MT/MONTH TOTAL AFTER EXPANSION: 16,000 MT/MONTH [Study Period: 7th March 2017 to 6th June 2017]
AT
MM//ss.. AASSHHAAPPUURRAA PPEERRFFOOCCLLAAYY LLTTDD.. Survey No. 167, Village – Ler, Nr. Bhujodi, Anjar Bhuj Highway, Bhuj, Dist – Kutch, State: Gujarat.
Prepared by:
MM//ss.. EEnnvviirrooccaarree TTeecchhnnooccrraattss PPvvtt.. LLttdd.. ((NABET Accredited No. NABET/EIA/1619/RA 022))
201, New Opera House, Near CNG pump & Harish Dyeing, Khatodara, Surat – 395002. E –mail: [email protected] / [email protected] Phone: (0261) 2630781, Tele Fax: (0261) 2630782
M/s. ASHAPURA PERFOCLAY LTD.
EIA/EMP REPORT FOR MINERAL BENEFICIATION OF BLEACHING CLAY – EXPANSION PROJECT AT SURVEY NO. 167, VILLAGE – LER, NR. BHUJODI, ANJAR
BHUJ HIGHWAY, BHUJ, DIST – KUTCH, STATE: GUJARAT.
Envirocare Technocrats Pvt. Ltd., September 2017. This report is released for the purpose of obtaining Environment Clearance under the provision of EIA notification dated 14th September 2006 of M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Information provided (unless attributed to reference third parties) is otherwise copyrighted and shall not be used for any other purpose without the written consent of Envirocare Technocrats Pvt. Ltd.
Report Environment Impact Assessment / Environment Management Plan Report Project Detail: Name of M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Publication EIA/EMP report for Mineral Beneficiation of Bleaching Clay – Expansion Project at Survey No. 167, Village – Ler, Nr. Bhujodi, Anjar Bhuj Highway, Bhuj, Dist – Kutch, State: Gujarat.
Conducted By Envirocare Technocrats Pvt. Ltd. (NABET ACCREDIATED EIA CONSULTANT) Project Number ETPL/EIA/01/2017 Report No. 01 Released September’ 2017 Contact Details: Envirocare Technocrats Pvt. Ltd. Address: 201, New Opera House, Near CNG pump & Harish Dyeing, Khatodara, Surat-395002.
Tele: (0261) 263078, Fax: (0261) 2630782 E-mail: [email protected] / [email protected] NABET NABET Accreditation as per Certificate No. NABET/EIA/1619/RA 022, Accreditation No: Valid up to 15/02/2019 EC Application Proposal No.: SIA/GJ/IND/18601/2017
Reference TOR letter No. SEIAA/GUJ/TOR/2(b)/486/2017 Dated 30/04/2017 Document ISSUE ORDER: Date Envirocare Technocrats Pvt. Ltd. M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Remarks Checked & Approved By Checked & Approved By Name Signature Name Signature Sanjay M. Patel
Disclaimer Envirocare has taken all reasonable precautions in the preparation of this report as per its auditable quality plan. Envirocare also believes that the facts presented in the report are accurate as on the date it was written. However, it is impossible to dismiss absolutely, the possibility of errors or omissions. Envirocare therefore specifically disclaims any liability resulting from the use or application of the information contained in this report. The information is not intended to serve as legal advice related to the individual situation.
Declaration by Experts contributing to the EIA / EMP of M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. I, hereby, certify that I was a part of the EIA team in the following capacity that developed the above EIA.
EIA CO-ORDINATOR: Name S. K. Singh Signature
Contact information Address: 201, New opera house, Tele: (0261) 2630781 Nr. CNG Pump, Khatodara, Mobile: 97279 25122 Surat-395002 E mail: [email protected]
FUNCTIONAL AREA EXPERT:
Sr. No. F. A Experts Name Involvement (Period & Task) Signature
1. AQ Sanjay Patel Task: Site visit of the study area, Selection of AAQ location.
Got secondary data from IMD and incorporate it in AQ modeling. Karan Bhandari Modeling study based on various input parameters and plotting of GLC. (AFAE) Prediction, identification of impacts, suggestion and finalization of mitigation measures with client based on Air Quality modeling results. Contribution to EIA documentation.
2. AP Sanjay Patel Site visit of the study area. For baseline data collection/survey supervision.
For compilation of data/survey in the EIA report. Task:
Evaluation of stack Height Evaluation of results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM). Identification & verification of activities involved in and sources which impart air pollutants from proposed manufacturing capacity. Identification of impacts related to air quality & quantity and suggested mitigation measures. EMP preparation and Environment monitoring plan.
3. WP Sanjay Patel Site visit of the study area. For baseline data collection/survey. For compilation of data/survey in the EIA
report. Task:
Finalization of sampling locations for ground and surface water sampling. Prepare water balance for the project. Evaluation of water pollution control management, identification of impacts, suggestion and finalization of mitigation measures, contribution to EIA documentation. Identification & verification of activities involved in and sources which impart water pollution from proposed manufacturing capacity including project site visit. Identification of impacts related to water quantity & quality and suggested mitigation measures. EMP preparation and Environment monitoring plan. Also Active participation in data collection.
4. N Ananta Desai Site visit of the study area For Baseline data collection/supervision. For Compilation of data/survey in the EIA report.
Task: Finalization of monitoring locations. Guided the team for collection of data for noise. Evaluation of data. Evaluation of noise pollution control management, identification of impacts, suggestion and finalization of mitigation measures, contribution to EIA documentation. EMP preparation and Environment monitoring plan.
5. SHW H. M. Kikani Task: Site visit of the study area
Identification & verification of activities
involved in and sources which imparts generation of hazardous/solid waste for existing and proposed manufacturing capacity Identification of waste generated from the industry. Identification of impacts related to solid/hazardous waste and suggested mitigation measures. Studying adequacy of mitigation measures for management of hazardous waste, contribution to the EIA documentation. EMP preparation and Environment monitoring plan.
6. RH Sanjay Patel Site visit of the study area. Compilation of input data for Risk assessment study & Risk assessment study report preparation. Task: Analysis of various processes to be carried out & understanding Characteristic of Mayur Patel Materials involved. (AFAE) Identification of hazards/Risk & assessment of the various risk Consideration of worst-case scenario Risk mitigation measures Occupational Health and Hazard & Its Records & Monitoring. Preparation of DMP, EMP & Work place Monitoring.
7. SE Jignesh Patel Site visit of the study area, Selection of villages for primary Data collection.
Compilation of available secondary data in EIA report. Task: Filling of Primary data in prescribed format of ETPL in selected villages. Secondary data collection from Census book 2011. Evaluation of Socio–Economic status of the study area with help of both above data. Assessment of the possible changes to socio-economic issues arising out of the proposed project activity. Find out need of SE infrastructure in study area & suggest CSR activity accordingly. Contribution to the EIA documentation.
8. EB Monal Vashi Site visit of the study area. Conducted ecological survey. Finalization of survey findings and contribution to the EIA documentation. Task: Secondary data collection. Identification & verification of existing various species of flora & fauna within study area through primary baseline data collection. Identification & Assessment of impacts related to flora & fauna and suggested mitigation measures. EMP preparation & Green belt development plan.
9. LU Devi Prasad S. Task: (Empanelled Site visit of the study area Preparation of Expert) area details. Preparation of LAND USE Plan of study area including its classification. Identification of Impact & its mitigation measures required. Contribution to EIA documentation
10. HG P. K. Sengupta Task: 11. GEO (Empanelled Site visit of the study area, Preparation of Expert) area details. Preparation of HG, GEO Plan of study area. Identification of Impact & its mitigation measures required. Contribution to EIA documentation
12. SC Geeta Patel Task: Site visit of the study area. Selection of soil sample location and analysis of data collected. Contribution to EIA documentation
13. Team Nisha Mehta Task: Member Assisting EC & FAE for compilation of EIA data Contribution to EIA documentation
Declaration by the Head of the Accredited Consultant Organization: I, Sanjay M. Patel, hereby, confirm that the above mentioned experts prepared the EIA/EMP of M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. I also confirm that I shall be fully accountable for any mis- leading information mentioned in this statement.
Signature:
Name: Sanjay M. Patel Designation: Director Name of the EIA Consultant Organization: Envirocare Technocrats Pvt. Ltd.
FUNCTIONAL AREA CODE DETAILS: Sr. No. Functional Area Code Complete Name of the Functional Area 1. AQ Meteorology, Air Quality Modeling & Prediction 2. AP Air Pollution Monitoring, Prevention & Control 3. WP Water Pollution Monitoring, Prevention & Control 4. NV Noise & Vibration 5. SHW Solid & Hazardous Waste Management 6. RH Risk & Hazards Management 7. SE Socio-Economic Aspects 8. EB Ecology & Biodiversity 9. HG Hydrology, Ground Water & Water Conservation 10. GEO Geology 11. SC Soil Conservation 12. LU Land Use
LIST OF CONTENTS
Page Sr. No. Description No. CHAPTER 1:- INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose of the Report 1-1 1.2 Identification of Project & Project Proponent 1-1 1.2.1 Project Proponent 1-2 1.3 Brief Description of Nature, Size, Location of the Project and Its Importance 1-2 to the Country, Region 1.3.1 Nature & Size of Project 1-2 1.3.2 Location of Project 1-2 1.3.3 Project Importance to the Country, Region 1-2 1.4 Scope of the Study – Details of Regulatory Scoping Carried Out (As Per 1-3 Terms of Reference) CHAPTER 2:- PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Type of Project and Capacity 2-1 2.2 Need for the Project 2-1 2.3 Justification for Selecting the Proposed Product and Unit Size 2-1 2.4 Regulatory Framework 2-1 2.5 Location (Maps Showing General Location, Specific Location, Project 2-2 Boundary & Project Site Layout, Longitude And Latitude) 2.6 Size or Magnitude of Operation (Incl. Associated Activities Required by or 2-3 for the Project) 2.7 Proposed Schedule for Approval and Implementation 2-4 2.8 Technology and Process Description 2-4 2.8.1 Details of Infrastructure Facilities and Plant Machineries 2-4 2.8.2 List of Product and Raw Material 2-5 2.8.3 Means of Storage & Transportation of Raw Materials, Product and Fuel 2-6 2.8.4 Manufacturing Process 2-7 2.9 Project Description. Including Drawings Showing Project Layout, 2-12 Components of Project etc. 2.9.1 Drawing Showing Layout Plan 2-12 2.9.2 Components of Project 2-13 2.9.3 Natural Resource Consumption 2-13 2.9.4 Land Requirement 2-13 2.9.5 Electric Power Requirement 2-14 2.9.6 Water Requirement, Availability, Wastewater Generation & its Disposal 2-14
2.9.7 Details of Effluent Treatment Plant 2-16 2.9.8 Air Pollution & Its Control System 2-20 2.9.9 Hazardous/Solid Waste Generation and Its Management 2-23 2.10 Schematic Representations of the Feasibility Drawings Which Give 2-24 Information Important for EIA Purpose 2.11 Description of the Aspects of the Project Likely to Cause Environmental 2-25 Impact 2.12 Mitigation Measures Incorporated into the Project to Meet Environmental 2-25 Standards, Environmental Operating Conditions, or Other EIA Requirements (As Required by the Scope) 2.13 Assessment of New & Untested Technology for the Risk of Technological 2-26 Failure CHAPTER 3:- DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Study Area 3-1 3.1.1 Important Features within the Periphery of Study Area 3-2 3.2 Components & Methodology of Baseline Survey 3-3 3.2.1 Basic Component of the Environment: 3-3 3.2.2 Establishment of Baseline for Valued Environmental Components 3-4 3.3 Methodology 3-4 3.4 Climate & Meteorology of the Study Area 3-6 3.5 Site Specific Meteorology 3-9 3.5.1 Monitoring Methodology for Meteorological Parameters 3-9 3.5.2 Site Specific Meteorological Data 3-9 3.6 Details of Baseline Study 3-11 3.6.1 Ambient Air Environment 3-11 3.6.2 Noise Environment 3-17 3.6.3 Water Environment 3-19 3.6.4 Soil Environment 3-25 3.6.5 Land Use Pattern 3-27 3.6.6 Topography 3-30 3.6.7 Geology & Hydrogeology 3-31 3.6.8 Biological Environment 3-34 3.6.9 Socio Economic Environment 3-38 CHAPTER 4:- ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 Details of Investigated Environmental Impacts due to Project Location, 4-1 Possible Accidents, Project Design, Project Construction, Regular Operations, Final Decommissioning or Rehabilitation of a Completed Project 4.1.1. Impact on Air Environment 4-1 4.1.1.1 Assessment of Impacts on Air Quality Using Dispersion Model 4-2 4.1.2 Impact on Water Environment 4-6
4.1.3 Impact on Noise Environment 4-7 4.1.4 Impact on Land/Soil Environment 4-7 4.1.5 Impact on Biological Environment 4-8 4.1.6 Socio Economic Impact 4-9 4.2 Measures for Minimizing and / or Offsetting Adverse Impacts Identified 4-9 4.3 Irreversible and Irretrievable Commitments of Environmental Components 4-12 4.4 Assessment of Significance of Impacts (Criteria for Determining 4-13 Significance, Assigning Significance) CHAPTER 5:- ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 5.1 Description of each Alternative 5-1 5.1.1 Alternative for Site 5-1 5.1.2 Technology Alternative 5-1 5.2 Summary of Adverse Impacts of each Alternative 5-2 5.3 Mitigation Measures Proposed for each Alternative 5-3 5.4 Selection of Alternative 5-3 5.4.1 Site Selection 5-3 5.4.2 Technology Selection 5-3 CHAPTER 6:- ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 6.1 Measurement Methodologies 6-1 6.2 Frequency, Location, Data Analysis, Reporting Schedules, Emergency 6-1 Procedures 6.2.1 Environmental Monitoring program 6-1 6.2.2 Reporting Schedules of the Monitoring Data 6-3 6.3 Detailed Budget & Procurement Schedules 6-3 CHAPTER 7:- ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 Risk Assessment 7-1 7.1.1 Introduction 7-1 7.1.2 Scope of Study 7-1 7.1.3 Objectives of Risk Assessment 7-1 7.1.4 Methodology to Conduct Risk Assessment 7-2 7.2 Hazardous Substances to be Handled at Plant 7-2 7.3 Location of Storage Facilities 7-3 7.47.1.7 Hazard Identification 7-5 7.1.87.4.1 Identification of Hazardous Areas 7-5 7.1.97.4.2 Identification of Failure Cases for Hazardous Area 7-5 7.5 Accident or Cause Consequence Analysis 7-6 7.6 Details of Safety Measures 7-6 7.7 Details of Hazardous Characteristics and Toxicity of Raw Materials and the 7-8 Control Measures
7.8 Details of Possibilities of Occupational Health Hazards 7-9 7.9 Occupational Health 7-10 7.9.1 Details of Medical Facilities available at Project Site; 7-10 7.9.2 Periodic Medical Examination 7-11 7.9.3 Health Evaluation of Workers 7-11 7.9.4 Workplace Monitoring Plan 7-12 7.10 Details of Fire Fighting System 7-12 7.11 Checklist in the Form of Do’s & Don’ts of Preventive Maintenance, 7-13 Strengthening of HSE, Mfg. Utility Staff for Safety Related Measures. 7.12 Disaster Management Plan 7-13 7.12.1 Objectives of the Plan 7-14 7.12.2 Emergency 7-14 7.12.3 On-Site Emergency Plan 7-15 7.12.4 Off-Site Emergency Plan 7-23 CHAPTER 8:- PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 Improvements in the Physical Infrastructure 8-1 8.2 Improvements in the Social Infrastructure 8-1 8.3 Employment Potential – Skilled; Semi-skilled and Unskilled 8-3 8.4 Other Tangible Benefits 8-3 CHAPTER 9:- ENVIRONMENTAL COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS 9-1 CHAPTER 10:- ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 10.1 Environmental Management Practices 10-1 10.1.1 Air Environment 10-1 10.1.2 Water Environment 10-2 10.1.3 Noise Environment 10-3 10.1.4 Land/Soil Environment 10-4 10.1.5 Biological Environment 10-5 10.1.6 Socio Economic Environment 10-6 10.2 Resource Conservation / Waste Minimization 10-6 10.3 Rain Water Harvesting Plan 10-7 10.4 Greenbelt Development Plan 10-8 10.5 Compliance on CREP Recommendation 10-9 10.6 Project Cost 10-10 10.7 Environment Budget Allocation 10-11 10.8 Environment Management Cell 10-11 10.9 Reporting System of Non Compliances/Violations of Environmental Norms 10-12 10.10 Environment Policy 10-12
CHAPTER 11:- SUMMARY & CONCLUSION 11.1 Project Description 11-1 11.2 Description of Environment 11-6 11.2.1 Air Environment 11-7 11.2.2 Water Environment 11-8 11.2.3 Noise Environment 11-8 11.2.4 Land/Soil Environment 11-8 11.3 Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures 11-9 11.3.1 Impact on Air Environment 11-9 11.3.2 Impact on Water Environment 11-10 11.3.3 Impact on Noise Environment 11-11 11.3.4 Impact on Land/Soil Environment 11-12 11.3.5 Impact on Ecology & Biodiversity 11-13 11.3.6 Socio Economic Impact 11-13 11.4 Environmental Monitoring Program 11-13 11.5 Additional Studies 11-15 11.6 Project Benefits 11-15 11.7 Environmental Management Plan 11-15 11.8 Conclusion 11-16 CHAPTER 12:- DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT 12.1 Resume and Nature of consultancy rendered by Envirocare Technocrats 12-1 Pvt. Ltd. 12.2 Accreditation 12-2
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page Title No. No. CHAPTER 2:- PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 List of Plant Machineries 2-5 2.2 List of Product 2-5 2.3 List of Raw Material 2-6 2.4 Means of Storage and Transportation of Raw Materials, Product & Fuel 2-6 2.5 Land Area Bifurcation 2-14 2.6 Water Consumption & Wastewater Generation 2-15 2.7 Stack Details 2-20 2.8 Hazardous Waste Generation and Its Management & Handling 2-23 CHAPTER 3:- DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Distances of Various Places of Interest 3-2 3.2(A) Rainfall Data (January 2016 to December 2016) 3-6 3.2(B) Mean Monthly Average Max. & Min. Temperature 3-7 3.2(C) Mean Monthly Wind Speed Data 3-7 3.2(D) Average Monthly Relative Humidity 3-8 3.3 Site Specific Meteorological Data 3-9 3.4 Details of Ambient Air Sampling Location 3-12 3.5 Ambient Air Quality Status of Study Area 3-14 3.6 Details of Noise Sampling Location 3-17 3.7 Average Noise Level Data 3-19 3.8 Details of Ground Water Sampling Location 3-21 3.9 Details of Surface Water Sampling Location 3-21 3.10 Quality of Ground Water in the Study Area 3-22 3.11 Quality of Surface Water in the Study Area 3-24 3.12 Details of Soil Sampling Location 3-26 3.13 Soil Sample Analysis Report 3-27 3.14 Land use/ Land cover of the study area 3-30 3.15 List of Trees Species in the Study Region (Observed during field survey) 3-35 List of Terrestrial & Aquatic Birds in the Study Area (Observed during field 3.16 3-36 survey) 3.17 List of Mammals & Reptiles in the Study Area 3-37 3.18 Identified Villages in the Study Area 3-38 3.19 Population Details 3-39 3.20 Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes 3-40 3.21 Literacy Details 3-40 3.22 Occupational Layouts 3-41
CHAPTER 4:- ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 Ground Level Concentration of Pollutants at Various Locations 4-5 4.2 Environmental Impact & It’s Mitigation Measures 4-14 CHAPTER 5:- ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES 5.1 Technology Selected 5-3 CHAPTER 6:- ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 6.1 Environment Monitoring Plan 6-2 CHAPTER 7:- ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 Important Characteristics of the Chemicals 7-3 7.2 Details of Hazardous Characteristics and Toxicity of Raw Materials 7-8 7.3 Details of Occupational Health Hazards 7-9 7.4 Checklist of Do’s & Don’ts 7-13 CHAPTER 8:- PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 Manpower Requirement 8-3 CHAPTER 10:- ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 10.1 Details of Year wise Tree Plantation Programme 10-9 10.2 Proposed Trees for Green Belt 10-9 10.3 Estimated Project Cost 10-10 10.4 Environment Budget Allocation 10-11 10.5 Environment Management Cell 10-12
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Title Page No. No. CHAPTER 2:- PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Drawing Showing Layout Plan 2-12 CHAPTER 3:- DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Satellite Image of Study Area (10 Km Radius) 3-1 Site Specific Pre-dominant Wind Rose Diagram for March, April & May 3-10 3.2 2017 3.3 Satellite Image Showing Ambient Air Sampling Location 3-12
3.4(A) Graphical Representation of PM10 Concentration 3-15
3.4(B) Graphical Representation of PM2.5 Concentration 3-15
3.4(C) Graphical Representation of SO2 Concentration 3-16
3.4(D) Graphical Representation of NOX Concentration 3-16 3.5 Satellite Image of Noise Sampling Location 3-18 3.6 Satellite Image of Ground Water Sampling Location 3-20 3.7 Satellite Image of Surface Water Sampling Location 3-21 3.8 Satellite Image of Soil Sampling Location 3-26 3.9 Landuse Landcover Map 3-29 3.10 Topography Map 3-31 3.11 Geological Map 3-32 3.12 Hydrogeomorphology Map 3-33 CHAPTER 7:- ADDITIONAL STUDIES 7.1 Location of Storage of Various Chemicals 7-4
LIST OF ANNEXURE
Annexure Title No. 1. Copy of TOR issued by SEIAA, Gujarat 2. CGWA Permission for Ground Water Extraction 3. Permission from Gujarat Water Infrastructure Limited (GWIL) for Water Supply 4. TSDF Site Membership Certificate GPCB Permission for Co-processing of Tar Waste in the Cement Kiln of M/s. 5. Sanghi Industries Limited. 6. Wind Rose Diagram (IMD, Bhuj) for the period of January 2016 – December 2016 7. National Ambient Air Quality Standards 8. National Ambient Standards in respect of Noise 9. Surface Water and Ground Water Quality Standards 10. Environment Policy of M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. 11. NABET Accreditation Certificate 12. Land possession Documents and NA order 13. Purchase Order for Supply of Fuel 14. Copy of EC, CC&A and its Compliance Report for Existing Facility 15. GPCB Analysis Report of Wastewater & Air 16. Copy of Certified EC Compliance Report by RO, MoEF 17. Details of Last Three Years Show-Cause Notice, Closure Notice Certificate of Registration Occupational Health & Safety Management System 18. – – OHSAS 18001:2007 Certificate of Registration Environmental Management System ISO 19. – – 14001:2004 20. Certificate of Registration – Quality Management System – ISO 9001:2008 21. Public Liability Industrial & Storage Policy
22. Certificate of Registration – Food Safety Management System – ISO 22000:2005
ABBREVIATIONS
AAQ: Ambient Air Quality IS: Indian Standard APCS: Air Pollution Control System ISCST-3: Industrial Source Complex Short Term-3 APHA: American Public Health Association KLD: Kilo Liter per Day BOD: Biological Oxygen Demand KVA: Kilovolt-ampere
B.P: Boiling Point LD50: Lethal Dose
CGWB: Central Ground Water Board LC50: Lethal Concentration COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand LEL: Lower Explosive Limit CTE: Consent to Establish MoEFCC: Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change CTO: Consent to Operate MT: Metric Tonne CPCB: Central Pollution Control Board NAAQ: National Ambient Air Quality Standards CREP: Corporate Responsibility for Environmental NABET: National Accreditation Board for Protection Education and Training CSR: Corporate Social Responsibility NABL: National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories CV: Calorific Value NOx: Nitrogen Oxides D.G: Diesel Generator NRSC: National Remote Sensing Centre ECC: Emergency Control Centre NS: Not Specified ECO: Emergency Co Ordination Officer PM: Particulate Matter EHS: Environment, Health & Safety PPE: Personal Protection Equipment EIA: Environmental Impact‐ Assessment QHSE: Quality, Health, Safety, Environment EMP: Environmental Management Plan QRA: Quantitative Risk Assessment EMS: Environment Management System R & R: Rehabilitation & Resettlement EPA: Environment Protection Act RCC: Reinforced Cement Concrete ETP: Effluent Treatment Plant RO: Reverse Osmosis FAE: Functional Area Expert SEAC: State Expert Appraisal Committee FO: Furnace Oil SEIAA: State Environment Impact Assessment Authority F. P: Flash Point SMC: Site Main Controller
GLC: Ground Level Concentration SO2: Sulpher Dioxide GPCB: Gujarat Pollution Control Board SOP: Standard Operating Procedure GPS: Global Positioning System SPCB: State Pollution Control Board GW: Ground Water SW: Surface Water HAG: Hot Air Generator TDS: Total Dissolved Solids HDPE: High Density Polyethylene TLV: Threshold Limit Value HSD: High Speed Diesel TSDF: Treatment, Storage, and Disposal Facility HVS: High Volume Dust Sampler TPH: Tonnes Per hour IC: Incident Controller UEL: Upper Explosive Limit IMD: Indian Meteorological Department
COMPLIANCE OF TERM OF REFERENCE (TOR)
Sr. Terms of Reference Compliance Status No. 2. Executive summary of the project - giving a prima Executive summary of project is attached facie idea of the objectives of the proposal, use of separate with EIA report. resources, justification etc. ln addition, it should provide a compilation of EIA report, including EMP and the post-project monitoring plan in brief. 3. Justification for selecting the proposed product and Kindly refer section 2.3 of chapter – 2 at page unit size. no. 2-1. 4. Project site specific details such as distance of the Kindly refer section 3.1.1 of chapter – 3 at project site from the nearest (1) Village (2) water page no. 3-2. Body: River / creek / Nallah / Reservoir / Pond / canal (3) National Highway (4) State Highway (5) Railway line (6) Heritage site (7) National park / wild Life sanctuary / Biosphere Reserve / conservation Reserve (8) Reserve Forest / protected Forest (9) Any other eco-sensitive areas like wetland, mangroves, coral reefs, turtle nesting ground etc. 5. lf ecologically sensitive attributes fall within the study There is no any eco sensitive zone, national area, proponent shall describe the sensitivity parks, wildlife sanctuary and forest area within (distance, area and significance). 10 km of the project area. 6. Regulatory framework applicable to the proposed Kindly refer section 2.4 of chapter – 2 at page project. no. 2-1. 7. Land possession documents and NA order. For Land possession documents and NA order, please refer Annexure – 11. 8. Gazette Notification issued by the state Government The location of project is not within the notified indicating location of the project in notified industrial industrial area. area should be included. 9. Objective of the project, whether it is a new project as Kindly refer section 2.2 of chapter – 2 at page a part of an existing mine or as a standalone project no. 2-1. or expansion or modernization project. 10. Need for the proposed project along with justification Kindly refer section 2.2 & 2.3 of chapter – 2 at for selecting the proposed unit size. page no. 2-1. 11. Need for the proposed expansion should be justified Kindly refer section 2.2 of chapter – 2 at page in detail. no. 2-1. 12. Land requirement for the project including its break Kindly refer section 2.9.4 of chapter – 2 at up for various purposes, its availability and page no. 2-13. optimization. 13. Layout plan clearly demarcating various units (plants / Kindly refer section 2.9.1 of chapter – 2 at utilities), green belt and open path around the page no. 2-12. periphery / plants for easy movement of emergency vehicles. 14. Demarcation of proposed facilities for expansion in Kindly refer section 2.9.1 of chapter – 2 at layout of the existing premises. page no. 2-12.
Sr. Terms of Reference Compliance Status No. 15. Exact details about infrastructural facilities, plant Kindly refer section 2.8.1 of chapter – 2 at machineries etc. required for the project. page no. 2-4. 16. Name of the mineral to be beneficiated, mineral Kindly refer section 2.8.2 of chapter – 2 at throughput quantity in TPA, maximum mineral page no. 2-5. extraction capacity of the proposed plant. 17. Mineral transportation to mineral beneficiation plant Kindly refer section 2.8.3 of chapter – 2 at by road, rail, conveyor, ropeway, pipelines etc. page no. 2-6. 18. Type of the ore to be processed, source of the ore There shall be no use of any type ore. and copy of agreement / linkage with respective mine/s. 19. General description of unit process operations such Kindly refer section 2.8.4 of chapter – 2 at as crushing, sizing, grinding, mineral processing with page no. 2-7. their capabilities, flowchart and material balance. The operations should give various resources utilized, their sequencing and planned reuse / utilization / disposal. 20. Explore the possibility of reuse / recycle and other Kindly refer section 10.2 of chapter – 10 at cleaner production options for reduction of Wastes. page no. 10-6. 21. Water requirement, its source and permission Kindly refer section 2.9.6 of chapter – 2 at obtained from the concerned authority for supply of page no. 2-14. requisite quantity of water to the project. ln case of ground water abstraction, status of permission from For CGWA permission, Please refer Annexure the CGWA along with study report on geo-hydrology – 2. of the area and impacts of ground water abstraction. 22. Explore the possibilities of getting surface water Unit has got permission from Gujarat Water supply instead of depending on the ground water Infrastructure limited (GWIL) for water supply. source for the proposed project. In Gujarat state, GWIL involved in the bulk transfer of water from the Mahi and Sardar Sarovar Canals to various locations. 23. Details on water balance including quantity of For water balance, kindly refer section 2.9.6 of wastewater generated, recycled and reused. Efforts chapter – 2 at page no. 2-14. for water conservation. For water conservation measures, kindly refer section 10.2 of chapter – 10 at page no. 10-6. 24. List all the sources of wastewater generation There shall be no any additional Domestic & including tailings dam, process waste water etc. Industrial effluent generation to be occurred due to proposed expansion as unit shall carry out only drying and pulverizing activity in which no water consumption and wastewater generation.
For existing sources of wastewater generation, kindly refer section 2.9.6 of chapter – 2 at page no. 2-14.
Sr. Terms of Reference Compliance Status No. 25. Quantitative and qualitative assessment of effluent to Kindly refer section 2.9.6 of chapter – 2 at be generated from washing, spillage, leakage etc. page no. 2-14 and section 2.9.7 of chapter – 2 Plan for its collection and reuse / recycle in plant at page no. 2-16. operations so as to achieve zero industrial effluent discharge. 26. Details of possibility of chemical seepage & Kindly refer section 4.1.4 of chapter – 4 at consequent soil contamination & mitigation measure page no. 4-7. proposed for the same for the proposed project. 27. Details of ETP including dimensions of each unit Kindly refer section 2.9.7 of chapter – 2 at along with schematic flow diagram. lnlet, transitional page no. 2-16. and treated effluent qualities with specific efficiency of each treatment unit in reduction in respect of all concerned/regulated environmental parameters. lnlet effluent quality should be based on worst case scenario. 28. Details regarding modifications / up gradation to be There shall be no any additional Industrial done in existing ETP to take care of increased effluent generation to be occurred due to effluent quantity along with its adequacy report. proposed expansion as unit shall carry out only drying and pulverizing activity in which no water consumption and wastewater generation. 29. Complete treated effluent management/disposal plan. Kindly refer section 2.9.7 of chapter – 2 at ln case of treated effluent discharge, its quantity, page no. 2-16. quality and point of discharge, users downstream, etc. 30. Measures for ensuring that treated effluent discharge Industrial wastewater generated from existing would be meeting with the norms. Proposal to provide manufacturing process and other ancillary and maintain separate electric meter, operational operation is allowed into in-house ETP logbook for effluent treatment systems, online meters (comprising of primary treatment facilities & for monitoring of flow, pH, TOC/COD, etc. of effluent RO plant) for treatment. RO permeate is discharge. reused in process & green belt development. RO rejected water is evaporated through solar evaporation pond.
Unit has provided separate electric meter for ETP and maintain the logbook for the same. Unit will install online meters for monitoring of flow, pH, TOC/COD, etc. of effluent discharge. 31. Application wise break-up of effluent quantity to be For water balance diagram, kindly refer recycled / reused in various applications like section 2.9.6 of chapter – 2 at page no. 2-14. sprinkling for dust control and green belt development etc. ln case of land application, details on availability of sufficient open land for utilizing effluent for plantation / gardening. How it will be ensured that treated effluent won’t flow outside the premises linked with storm water during high rainy days.
Sr. Terms of Reference Compliance Status No. 32. Details of provisions to be made to achieve zero Industrial wastewater generated from existing discharge. Examine economical viability of zero manufacturing process and other ancillary discharge. operation is allowed into in-house ETP (comprising of primary treatment facilities & RO plant) for treatment. RO permeate is reused in process & green belt development. RO rejected water is evaporated through solar evaporation pond.
33. Technical details of the evaporation system including For Evaporation Pond Details, kindly refer it capacity, management of condensate water steam / section 2.9.7 of chapter – 2 at page no. 2-16. energy required for evaporation, adequacy of the proposed boiler to supply required quantity of steam for evaporation in addition to the steam required for the process etc. 34. specific details of (i) Type, quality and quantity of fuel Kindly refer section 2.9.8 of chapter – 2 at required for each utility, (ii) stack height and air page no. 2-20. pollution control systems proposed to each of the utility along with its design details, efficiency, inlet and outlet dust concentrations, (iii) stack height and air pollution control systems proposed for control of process emission along with its design details, scrubbing media, efficiency, inlet and outlet pollutant concentrations. 35. A confirmed fuel linkage / copy of MoU for supply of Please refer Annexure – 13. fuel. 36. Prediction of fugitive dust emissions containing heavy Kindly refer section 4.1.1 of chapter – 4 at metal particulates due to crushing, grinding, page no. 4-1. screening, sizing plants, transportation and tailing dam. Control of particulate and dust suppression in tailings pond. 37. Plan for prevention and control of fugitive emission / Kindly refer section 10.1.1 of chapter – 10 at dusting at each and every stage of material handling page no. 10-1. including unloading / loading, transportation, stacking / conveyance / transfer of ore, tailing etc.
38. Provision of the online monitoring system on stacks SO2 online monitoring system will be provided for monitoring of pollutants with an arrangement to for all dryer & boiler. reflect monitored data on company’s server that can be accessed by the GPCB on real time basis. 39. Details of tailings generation, its composition and There shall be no tailings generation. solid-liquid ratio with mineral specific metal leaching potential, management strategy with material balance. Future plans if any using the tailings for recovery of the materials.
Sr. Terms of Reference Compliance Status No. 40. Design details of tailings dam including site, location, As there shall be no generation of tailing, layout, the stability of the dam and measures taken tailing dam not proposed. for preventing the seepage losses. 41. Details on tailing management. Mode of transport of There shall be no tailings generation. tailings and distance from the tailing dam. Plan for recycling of the discharge from the tailings dam and possible reprocessing of tailings. 42. Tailing dam reclamation and closure plan. Routine As there shall be no generation of tailing, maintenance of tailing dam dyke safety to prevent tailing dam not proposed. breaching. 43. Details of solid/hazardous wastes generation, its Kindly refer section 2.9.9 of chapter – 2 at composition, handling, storage, utilization, disposal page no. 2-23. etc. Methodology of de-contamination and disposal of discarded containers and its record keeping. 44. Hydrogeology and aquifer characteristics of the Not applicable. tailings pond area. 45. One season site-specific micro-meteorological data Kindly refer section 3.5 of chapter – 3 at page using temperature, relative humidity, hourly wind no. 3-9. speed and direction and rainfall should be incorporated. 46. Anticipated environmental impacts due to the For anticipated environmental impacts due to proposed project /production may be evaluated for the proposed project /production, Kindly refer significance and based on corresponding likely Chapter – 4. impacts VECs (Valued Environmental Components) may be identified. Baseline studies may be conducted For Baseline study, kindly refer Chapter – 3. within the study area of 5 km for all the concerned/identified VECs and likely impacts will have to be assessed for their magnitude in order to identify mitigation measures. 47. One complete season base line ambient air quality Kindly refer section 3.6.1 of chapter – 3 at data (except monsoon) to be given along with the page no. 3-11. dates of monitoring. The parameters to be covered shall be in accordance with the revised National Ambient Air Quality Standards as well as project specific parameters. Locations of the monitoring stations should be so decided so as to take into consideration the pre-dominant downwind direction, population zone and sensitive receptors. There should be at least one monitoring station in the upwind direction. There should be at least one monitoring station in the pre dominant downwind direction at a location where maximum ground level concentration is likely to occur.
Sr. Terms of Reference Compliance Status No. 48. Modeling indicating the likely impact on ambient air Kindly refer section 4.1.1.1 of chapter – 4 at quality due to proposed activities. The details of page no. 4-2. model used and input parameters used for modeling should be provided. The air quality contours may be shown on location map clearly indicating the location of sensitive Receptors, if any, and the habitation. The wind rose showing pre-dominant wind direction should also be indicated on the map. lmpact due to vehicular movement shall also be included into the prediction using suitable model. Results of Air dispersion modeling should be superimposed on satellite image / geographical area map. 49. Base line status of the noise environment, impact of For baseline status of the noise environment, noise on present environment due to the project and Kindly refer section 3.6.2 of chapter – 3 at proposed measures for noise reduction including page no. 3-17. engineering controls. For impact on noise environment, Kindly refer section 4.1.3 of chapter – 4 at page no. 4-7.
For proposed measures for noise reduction, kindly refer section 10.1.3 of chapter – 10 at page no. 10-3. 50. Location of the project site and nearest habitats with Kindly refer section 3.6.6 of chapter – 3 at distances from the project site to be demarcated on a page no. 3-30. toposheet (1: 50000 scale). 51. Land use pattern of the study area based on satellite Kindly refer section 3.6.5 of chapter – 3 at imagery including location specific sensitivities such page no. 3-27. as national parks / wildlife sanctuary, villages, industries, prime agricultural land etc., for the study area. If any incompatible landuse attributes fall within the study area, proponent shall describe the sensitivity (distance, area and significance). 52. The baseline data shall also be collected for other Kindly refer Chapter – 3. components of environment viz. Noise, water, land, biology, demography and socio-economics. 53. Ecological status (terrestrial and aquatic) of the study Kindly refer section 3.6.8 of chapter – 3 at area such as habitat type and quality species, page no. 3-34. diversity, rarity, fragmentation, ecological linkage, age, abundance, etc. 54. A detailed study to assess the wildlife habitats, their Kindly refer section 3.6.8 of chapter – 3 at migration route, etc. and measures to mitigate page no. 3-34. impacts of the proposed activities. 55. While identifying the likely impacts, also include Kindly refer Chapter – 10. following for analysis of significance and required mitigation measures: (i) impacts due to transportation of raw materials and end products on road network
Sr. Terms of Reference Compliance Status No. (ii) lmpacts on surface water, soil and groundwater (iii) lmpact on drainage of the area and the surroundings (iv) lmpacts due to air pollution (v) lmpacts due to odour pollution (vi) Major sources of noise and its impacts (vii) lmpacts due to fugitive emissions including VOCs / HAPs (viii) lmpact on health of workers due to proposed project activities. 56. lf the beneficiation is on the mine site details of The project is a mineral beneficiation plant of mining operations and the consequential add-on bleaching clay and does not involve in mining effects should also be clearly mentioned. activity within existing premises. 57. Action plan for the disposal of fly ash generated from Kindly refer section 2.9.9 of chapter – 2 at boiler shall be included. page no. 2-23. 58. Membership of Common Environmental infrastructure For TSDF site membership certificate, kindly like CETP, TSDF, CHWI etc. If any taken. refer Annexure – 4. 59. Letter of intent / MoU / agreements done with actual Kindly refer Annexure – 5. consumers regarding sell of waste / by products should also be incorporated. 60. ln case of likely impact from the proposed project on There is no any reserve forests exist within 10 the surrounding reserve forests, plan for the km of the project area. conservation of wild fauna in consultation with the State Forest Department. 61. Proposal to construct approach road from the main Pucca approach road will be developed from road to the company premises and to maintain it in the main road to the company premises. good condition for reducing fugitive emission due to To maintain road in good condition for transportation of vehicles. reducing fugitive emission due to transportation of vehicles, Kindly refer Table No. 4.2 at page no. 4-16. 62. Details regarding infrastructure facilities such as All the basic facilities like sanitation, drinking sanitation, fuel storage, restroom, etc., to the workers water, lunch & rest space will be provided for during construction and operation phase. workers during construction and operation phase. 63. Environmental Monitoring Program for operational For Environmental Monitoring Program, kindly phase of project including (i) Monitoring programme refer Table No. 6.1 at page no. 6-2. for pollution control at source, (ii) Monitoring pollutants at receiving environment for the relevant parameters – air quality, groundwater, surface water etc. to assess impact during operational phase of the project, (iii) Specific programme for medical surveillance and monitoring of working environment as per Gujarat Factories Rules (iv) Details of in-house monitoring capabilities and details of outsourcing to other agencies if proposed for conducting monitoring.
Sr. Terms of Reference Compliance Status No. 64. Environmental Management Plan including (i) For Environmental Management Plan, kindly Measures to mitigate adverse impacts along with refer Chapter – 10. item-wise cost of its implementation (capital and recurring costs), (ii) Administrative and technical organizational structure for implementation of mitigation measures and proposed post-project Environmental Monitoring Program, (iii) Allocation of resources and responsibilities for plan implementation. 65. A tabular chart for the issues raised in public Awaiting public hearing comments. hearing/consultation and commitment of the project proponent to the same. An action plan addressing the issues raised and the necessary allocation of funds for the same. 66. Action plan for the greenbelt development in For greenbelt development plan, kindly refer accordance to CPCB published guidelines. The section 10.4 of chapter – 10 at page no. 10-8. details should include types & number of species, width of plantations, area under green belt development [with map], planning schedule, budgetary outlay, etc. 67. Details of quantity of each hazardous chemical to be For proposed project activity, there shall be no stored, Material of Construction of major hazardous use of any hazardous chemical. chemical storage tanks, threshold storage quantity as per the schedules of the Manufacture, Storage & import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules. Storage of hazardous chemicals should be in multiple small capacity tanks / containers instead of one single large capacity tank for safety purpose. How the manual handling of the hazardous chemicals will be minimized? 68. Mineral beneficiation projects are associated with For risk assessment study, kindly refer risks relating to hazards and accidents with respect to Chapter – 7. hazardous chemicals handled and breaching of tailing dam. Identification and type of risk associated with mineral beneficiation. Tailing dams safety measures and risk assessment in worst case scenario of breaching. 69. Details on the proposed safeguard measures, fire For proposed safeguard measures, kindly control plan and on-site and off-site emergency refer section 7.6 of chapter – 7 at page no. 7- management plans. 6. For fire control plan, kindly refer section 7.10 of chapter – 7 at page no. 7-12. For on-site and off-site emergency management plan, kindly refer section 7.12 of chapter – 7 at page no. 7-13.
Sr. Terms of Reference Compliance Status No. 70. Proposal for CSR activities most useful in the area For CSR activities, kindly refer section 8.2 of along with time bound action plan and Cost. chapter – 8 at page no. 8-1. For CSR activities cost, kindly refer Table No. 10.3 of chapter – 10 at page no. 10-10. 71. Details of scheme for surface as well as roof top rain For rain water harvesting plan, kindly refer water harvesting and ground water recharge with section 10.3 of chapter – 10 at page no. 10-7. proper scientific calculations considering catchment area, rainfall, subsoil characteristics recharge rate duration of harvesting etc. Details on provisions of pre treatment of the rain water in the case of surface run off is to be harvested. Location of recharge percolation wells on the layout plan. 72. Plan for compliance to the CREP guidelines. Kindly refer section 10.5 of chapter – 10 at page no. 10-9. 73. (a) Does the company have a well laid down For Environment Policy, Kindly refer Annexure Environment Policy approved by its Board of – 10. Directors? lf so, it may be detailed in the EIA report. (b). Does the Environment Policy prescribe for standard operating process / procedures to bring into focus any infringement / deviation / violation of the environmental or forest norms / conditions ? lf so, it may be detailed in the ElA. 74. What is the hierarchical system or administrative For hierarchical structure of Environment order of the company to deal with the environmental Management Cell, kindly refer section 10.8 of issues and for ensuring compliance with the EC chapter – 10 at page no. 10-11. conditions. Details of this system may be given. 75. Does the company have a system of reporting of non For reporting system of non compliances / compliances / violations of environmental norms to violations of environmental norms, kindly refer the Board of Directors of the company and / or section 10.9 of chapter – 10 at page no. 10-12. shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism should be detailed in the EIA Report. 76. Certificate of accreditation issued by the NABET, QCI Kindly refer Annexure – 11. to the environmental consultant should be incorporated in the EIA Report. In case of expansion project: 77. Copies of the permissions [EC, CTE (NOC), CC&A, Kindly refer Annexure – 14. etc.] obtained for the existing facility along with status of compliance to the conditions stipulated therein. 78. Compliance of existing EMS (Environmental Kindly refer Annexure – 15. Management System) with respect to waste water, air emission and hazardous waste streams. 79. A certified copy of the report of the status of Kindly refer Annexure – 16. compliance to the conditions stipulated in the
Sr. Terms of Reference Compliance Status No. environmental clearance for the ongoing / existing operation of the project by the Regional Office of the Ministry of Environment and Forests at Bhopal. 80. Records of any legal breach of Environmental Laws Kindly refer Annexure – 17. i.e. details of show-cause notices, closure notices, closure orders etc. served by the GPCB to the existing unit in last three years and actions taken then after for prevention of pollution. 81. Details of fatal / non-fatal accidents, loss of life or No any accident occurred in the existing unit in man hours, if any, occurred in the existing unit in last last three years. three years and measures proposed to be taken for avoiding reoccurrence of such accidents in future. 82. Whether any litigation related to the environmental No any litigation was filed. pollution and impacts was filed in past in the Court of Law against the existing unit. If so, details thereof including details on direction / order, if any passed by the Court of Law.
M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION –
1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT
Unit has applied for getting EC for expansion of existing product to SEIAA, Gujarat and got TOR vide letter No. SEIAA/GUJ/TOR/2(b)/486/2017 dated 30/04/2017. In order to assess the potential environmental impacts arising due to expansion of existing product, unit has decided to conduct study for Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) through reputed Environmental consultant to assess/study the existing environmental baseline conditions in the area, predict the impacts on the environment due to expansion of existing product and suggest the environmental safeguards and mitigation measures.
1.2 IDENTIFICATION OF PROJECT & PROJECT PROPONENT
M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. is existing unit and located at Survey No. 167, Village – Ler, Nr. Bhujodi, Anjar Bhuj Highway, Bhuj, Dist – Kutch, State: Gujarat. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. is the part of Ashapura Group of Industries. The corporate office of Ashapura Group is at Jeevan Udhyog Building, 3rd Floor, 278, D. N. Road, Fort, Mumbai – 400 001.
Unit is involved in mineral beneficiation of Bleaching Clay since 2001. Unit covers under the category of mineral beneficiation industry. In order to meet the growing market demand, Unit has proposed to expand the production of existing product (Bleaching clay) from 12,000 MT/Month to 16,000 MT/Month within existing premises. Existing process for 12,000 MT/Month will remain same and for additional 4,000 MT/Month only dry process will be utilized having raw material Attapulgite will be procured from outside.
In year 2010, unit has got Environment Clearance (EC No. SEIAA/GUJ/EC/2(b)/46/2010 dated 20/02/2010) for production of Bleaching Clay @ 6,000 MT/Month from State Level Environmental Impact Assessment Authority, (SEIAA), Gujarat. Then after in year 2016, unit has got another Environment Clearance (EC No. SEIAA/GUJ/EC/2(b)/497/2016 dated 30/07/2016) for increasing production of Bleaching Clay from 6,000 MT/Month to 12,000 MT/Month. Unit has also carried out Public Hearing on dated 16/12/2014, for increasing production of Bleaching Clay from 6,000 MT/Month to 12,000 MT/Month. Unit has got valid CC&A (up to 24/06/2018) for production of Bleaching Clay @ 12,000 MT/Month from GPCB.
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
1.2.1 Project Proponent M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. is Limited company. Mr. Mahesh Chandani is a Vice President of company.
Name of the Applicant Mr. Mahesh Chandani Designation V.P (Operation & Projects) Qualification B.E (Electrical engineering) Experience 26 years Address M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Limited Survey No. 167, Village – Ler, Nr. Bhujodi, Anjar Bhuj Highway, Bhuj, Dist – Kutch, State: Gujarat.
1.3 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF NATURE, SIZE, LOCATION OF THE PROJECT AND ITS IMPORTANCE TO THE COUNTRY, REGION
1.3.1 Nature & Size of Project M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. is a large scale unit. It covers under the category of mineral beneficiation industry. Unit has proposed to expand the production of existing product (Bleaching clay) from 12,000 MT/Month to 16,000 MT/Month.
1.3.2 Location of Project
The project site is located at Survey No. 167, Village – Ler, Nr. Bhujodi, Anjar Bhuj Highway, Bhuj, Dist – Kutch, State: Gujarat.
1.3.3 Project Importance to the Country, Region In order to meet the growing market demand, Unit has proposed to expand the production of existing product (Bleaching clay) from 12,000 MT/Month to 16,000 MT/Month within existing premises.
Bleaching Clay is widely used for oil purification in oil refinery.
Due to expansion of project, employment generation will increase for nearby villagers.
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
1.4 SCOPE OF THE STUDY – DETAILS OF REGULATORY SCOPING CARRIED OUT (AS PER TERMS OF REFERENCE)
The scope of the study includes detailed characterization of the existing status of environment in an area of 10 km radius (As per TOR issued by SEIAA) around unit for identifying environmental components, viz. air, noise, water, land, ecological, Hydrogeological and socio-economic. Under the scope of draft rapid EIA, it is envisaged…
To assess the present status of air, noise, water, land, ecological and socio-economic components of environment.
To identify and quantify significant impacts of various operations on environmental components.
To evaluate existing and proposed pollution control measures.
To prepare Environmental Management Plan (EMP) outlining additional control technologies to be adopted for mitigation of adverse impacts.
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION –
2.1 TYPE OF PROJECT AND CAPACITY
M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. is a large scale existing unit. The project is a mineral beneficiation plant of bleaching clay and does not involve in mining activity within existing premises. The unit is engaged in manufacturing of Bleaching Clay since 2001. Unit has proposed to expand the production of existing product (Bleaching clay) from 12,000 MT/Month to 16,000 MT/Month within existing premises. Existing process for 12,000 MT/Month will remain same and for additional 4,000 MT/Month only dry process will be utilized having raw material Attapulgite will be procured from outside.
2.2 NEED FOR THE PROJECT
In order to meet the growing market demand, Unit has proposed to expand the production of existing product (Bleaching clay) from 12,000 MT/Month to 16,000 MT/Month within existing premises.
Due to direct firing of pet coke, dryer output capacity will increase. Moreover due to high CV of pet coke temperature will be achieved within short time which will lead to improve productivity and more energy efficient operation due to direct firing of pet coke.
2.3 JUSTIFICATION FOR SELECTING THE PROPOSED PRODUCT AND UNIT SIZE
The unit is already engaged in manufacturing of Bleaching Clay since 2001 at present location. Unit has adequate land and infrastructure facilities available to produce proposed product within existing premises.
2.4 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
As per MoEF Notification dated 14th September, 2006 and its subsequent amendments dated 25th June, 2014, the project is classified as Category “B” under S. No. 2 (b) (capacity < 0.5 MTPA) and requiring prior Environment Clearance (EC) from the State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Gujarat.
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
2.5 LOCATION (MAPS SHOWING GENERAL LOCATION, SPECIFIC LOCATION, PROJECT BOUNDARY & PROJECT SITE LAYOUT, LONGITUDE AND LATITUDE)
The project site is located at Survey No. 167, Village – Ler, Nr. Bhujodi, Anjar Bhuj Highway, Bhuj, Dist – Kutch, State: Gujarat. The site is located at about 23°12'8.52"N Latitude and 69°44'35.39"E Longitude.
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
LONG VIEW
SHORT VIEW
2.6 SIZE OR MAGNITUDE OF OPERATION (INCL. ASSOCIATED ACTIVITIES REQUIRED BY OR FOR THE PROJECT) Proposed project activity will be carried out within existing premises. At present, Bleaching Clay production is 12,000 MT/Month and unit intend to expand its production up to 16,000 MT/Month. [2-3]
M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
For expansion of project, some construction, installation of new machineries & utilities will require before production. During production, transportation, loading & unloading, Crushing, Drying and Pulverizing etc. activity will be required.
2.7 PROPOSED SCHEDULE FOR APPROVAL AND IMPLEMENTATION
Unit has applied for getting EC for expansion of existing product to SEIAA, Gujarat and got TOR vide letter No. SEIAA/GUJ/TOR/2(b)/486/2017 dated 30/04/2017.
Time Schedule Activity
April 2017 Received TOR from SEIAA July 2017 Submission of Draft EIA for Public Hearing September 2017 Public Hearing
September 2017 Compliance of query raised during Public Hearing
October 2017 Submission of Final EIA
November 2017 Appraisal to SEAC
January 2018 Compliance of suggestions received from SEAC
March 2018 Getting EC from SEIAA
March 2018 Apply for getting CTE to GPCB June 2018 Getting CTE from GPCB and start civil work
December 2018 Completion of civil work & mechanical work start June 2019 Erection & commissioning of plant September 2019 Trial production start & apply for CTO to GPCB
2.8 TECHNOLOGY AND PROCESS DESCRIPTION
2.8.1 Details of Infrastructure Facilities and Plant Machineries
For expansion of project, roof type sheds will be constructed for manufacturing and utility. Pucca approach road will be developed. Storage area (for raw material, finished product & fuel) will be also developed.
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
Table No. 2.1: List of Plant Machineries Sr. Unit No. Machineries / Equipment Capacity MOC No. Operation Equipment EXISTING A Crushing Crusher Line -1 to 6 (Primary & 6 Nos. 40 T/hr x 6 MS Steel Secondary each of 20 T/hr capacity) EXISTING B Granulation Granulation Line- 1 to 6 (4 No. of 6 Nos. 40 T/hr x 6 Alloy Steel Granulator each of 10 T/hr capacity) EXISTING AA Plant 1 (16 No. of tanks each 480 KL Acid C of 30 KL) (16 No. Tank) Ms Rubber Activation 106 Nos. AA Plant 2 to 6 (18 No. of tanks 2700 KL Liner each of 30 KL) (90 No. Tank) EXISTING Dryer 1 & 2 (2 Nos. of Dryer each of 3 T/hr x 2 = 3 T/hr) 6 T/hr Dryer 3 to 7 (4 Nos. of Dryer each 6 7 Nos. 6 T/hr x 4 = D Drying T/hr except dryer No. 5) 24 T/hr Dryer 5 1.25 T/hr MS steel PROPOSED Dryer 8 to 10 (3 Nos. of Dryer each 6 6 T/hr x 3 = 3 Nos. T/hr) 18 T/hr EXISTING Mill 1 & 2 (2 Nos. of Mill each of 3 3 T/hr x 2 = T/hr) 6 T/hr 6 Nos. Mill 3 to 6 (4 Nos. of Mill each of 6 6 T/hr x 4 = E Pulverization MS & T/hr) 24 T/hr Alloy Steel PROPOSED
Mill 7 to 9 (3 Nos. of Mill each of 6 6 T/hr x 3 = 3 Nos. T/hr) 18 T/hr
2.8.2 List of Product and Raw Material
List of product is mentioned in Table No. 2.2;
Table No. 2.2: List of Product Quantity (MT/Month) Name of Product Existing Additional Total Bleaching Clay 12,000 4,000 16,000 Gypsum (By-product) 4,500 -- 4,500 NOTE: Due to expansion, there shall be no any additional By-product generation.
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
List of raw material is mentioned in Table No. 2.3;
Table No. 2.3: List of Raw Material
Sr. Consumption (MT/Month) Raw Material No. Existing Additional Total 1. Bentonite 13,000 -- 13,000 2. Sulphuric Acid (75%) 6,400 -- 6,400 3. Lime 3,100 -- 3,100 4. Attapulgite 2,000 4,620 6,620
NOTE: (1) For proposed expansion of Bleaching Clay only Attapulgite will be used as a raw material. (2) Bentonite is procured from M/s. Ashapura Minechem Ltd., Kutch, Gujarat. (3) Attapulgite will be procured from the M/s. Ashapura Claytech Ltd, Dharur, Hyderabad and other suppliers located in Dharur, Hyderabad and also from Bhavnagar, Gujarat.
2.8.3 Means of Storage and Transportation of Raw Materials, Product and Fuel
Table No. 2.4: Means of Storage and Transportation of Raw Materials, Product & Fuel
Mode of Transportation Sr. Method of (Trip per day) Substance State No. Storage Existing Additional Total 1. Bentonite Solid Open 20 – 21 -- 20 – 21 (Dumper of 30 Ton capacity) 2. Sulphuric Acid (75%) Liquid M. S Tank 6 – 7 -- 6 – 7 (Tanker of 30 KL capacity) 3. Lime Solid In shed 6 – 7 -- 6 – 7 (Truck of 16 Ton capacity) 4. Attapulgite Solid In shed 3 – 5 2 – 4 7 – 9 (Truck of 21 Ton capacity)
5. Bleaching clay – Solid Paper Bag 16 – 18 5 – 6 22 – 24 finished product (Truck of 28 Ton capacity) 6. Gypsum Solid Storage 2 – 3 -- 2 – 3 (By-product) area (Truck of 21 Ton capacity) 7. Coal Solid Shed 3 – 4 1 – 2 5 – 7 (Truck of 21 Ton capacity) 8. Pet Coke Solid Shed -- 3 – 4 3 – 4 (Truck of 21 Ton capacity) 9. HSD Liquid Tank 1 – 2 -- 1 – 2 (Tanker of 1 KL capacity)
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2.8.4 Manufacturing Process
PROPOSED MANUFACTURING PROCESS
For proposed production of Bleaching Clay (4000 MT/Month), there shall be Dry process in which raw material Attapulgite will be crushed, dried and pulverized. Then after, final product Bleaching Clay will be packed. Attapulgite will procure from the Ashapura Claytech Ltd., Dharur, Hyderabad and other suppliers located in Dharur, Hyderabad and also from Bhavnagar, Gujarat.
. Raw Attapulgite moisture:- 15% . Outlet of dryer moisture:- 2.3% . Outlet of pulverizer moisture:- 1%
EXISTING MANUFACTURING PROCESS [A] GRANULATION Raw Clay (Bentonite) from the approved Heap is charged in feeding hopper. Moisture content of raw clay is measured. From feeding hopper via belt conveyor, it is charged in charging hopper. Via belt weighed it is taken to primary crusher for size reduction. After crushing the raw clay is fed to moisture adjustment belt. Water is sprayed on it at different places as per requirement. Wet raw clay is fed to Secondary Roll Crusher, where its size is further reduced to < 2.0 mm. Water is spray to adjust the moisture of raw clay to about 34% - 38%. It is then fed to Primary Granulator via belt, where 10-12 mm dia. size wet granules are made. Granules are carried to intermediate hopper via belts. It is then carried to Secondary Granulator via belts, where 75% acid of required quantity is charged, as per raw clay feed rate.
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Acidified wet granules of 6 mm dia. size are formed. These granules are then carried to desired reactor in acid activation plant via belts.
FLOW DIAGRAM:
RAW CLAY MOISTURE RAW MATERIAL HEAP CHECK POINT MAGNET
BELT CONVEYER
PRIMARY CRUSHER MAGNET
MOISTURE ADJUSTMENT WATER
SECONDARY CRUSHER WATER
PRIMARY GRANULATOR WATER
GRANULES MOISTURE CHECK POINT
SECONDARY GRANULATOR ACID
ACIDIFIED WET GRANULES TO ACID
ACTIVATION SECTION
[B] ACID ACTIVATION Required concentration of Sulphuric acid is prepared in the selected reactor. Granules from the granulation plant are charged in the reactor. Acid solution in reactor is heated to required temperature with the help of direct mixing of steam. Hot acid solution is circulated in the reactor for 12 to 15 hrs (reaction time). After reaction time, sample of acid solution and granules are taken and sent to Q.C. for free acid in solution and %T for granules. Activated granules are washed with dilute Wash-A acid solution for 1 Hrs. Waste-A coming out of reactor is collected in K3 pits.
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This granules are then washed with dilute Wash-B acid solution. Acidity of Waste-B coming out at the bottom of reactor is checked. The waste-B is collected in K3 or K2 or K1 pits as required. When acidity of waste-B reaches the required mg of KOH wash-B is stopped. Residual reactor solution is drained in K1/ K2 pit. Activated granules are discharged in bin via belts for subsequent drying process.
FLOW DIAGRAM: ACID
REACTOR DRAIN LIQUID CHECK POINT SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF ACID SOLUTION ACIDIFIED GRANULES FROM GRANULATION SECTION
STEAM HEATING
CIRCULATION OF ACID SOLUTION FOR GIVEN REACTION TIME
CHECK POINT GRANULES & ACID SAMPLES
WASH-A WASHING WASTE-A TO PIT
WASH-B WASHING WASTE-B TO PIT
CHECK POINT ACIDITY OF WASTE-B
DRAIN LIQUID DRAINING TO PIT
WET-GRANULES BLENDING DISCHARGING
STORAGE BINS
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[C] DRYING
Wet activated granules stored in bins are charged in hopper with the help of loader. Wet granules are feed in Rotary-Dryer through belt weigher. Hot air generated is continuously passed through dryer. This mixed hot air and wet granules stream passes through dryer shell. Dried granules at outlet of dryer are stored in hoppers. Samples of dried granules are taken every hour to determine moisture content. Hot air with fine dust is partly recycled to dryer inlet and rest is sent to bag filter The remaining fines are emitted from the chimney.
FLOW DIAGRAM:
ACTIVATED GRANULES FROM BINS
BELT WEIGHER
WATER
FUEL DRYER TO SCRUBBER
RECYCLE AIR
CHECK POINT MOISTURE OF DRIED GRANULES
DRIED GRANULES STORAGE HOPPERS
[D] PULVERIZATION
Dried granules from storage hopper are transferred to mill-hopper. Material is continuously fed by rotary valve to pulverization Mill. Process parameter is set for required fineness. Accordingly whizzer speed is set.
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Pulverized material from mill is collected in storage hopper via screw conveyors. Material is transferred to packing hopper as per requirement for final packing. For classified product, the pulverized material from mill is collected in classification hopper. Material is fed into Classifier, where the material is divided into two streams. Coarse material, which is the final product, is collected directly into packing hopper.
FLOW DIAGRAM:
DRIED GRANULES STORAGE HOPPERS ATTAPULGITE
MILL CHECK POINT FINENESS
PULVERIZED PULVERIZED STORAGE HOPPERS STORAGE HOPPER
CLASSIFICATION
COARSE FINES
JUMBO BAGS PACKING STORAGE HOPPER
MAGNET
PACKING MACHINE
CHECK POINT
BAGS STAGING ON WARE HOUSE PALLETS
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2.9 PROJECT DESCRIPTION. INCLUDING DRAWINGS SHOWING PROJECT LAYOUT, COMPONENTS OF PROJECT ETC. 2.9.1 Drawing Showing Layout Plan
Figure No. 2.1: Drawing Showing Layout Plan
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2.9.2 Components of Project
Components of the project include all the facilities required for the operation of the project. Basic Requirements for the operation of project are Land, Electric Power, Water and Fuel.
Unit has already installed Effluent Treatment Plant. Unit has already installed stand by D. G Sets, which are used in case of power failure or emergency. A separate Hazardous waste storage area is provided for the storage of hazardous waste generated from the project.
2.9.3 Natural Resource Consumption
Existing Additional Total After Expansion Bentonite 13,000 MT/Month -- 13,000 MT/Month Attapulgite 2000 MT/Month 4620 MT/Month 6620 MT/Month Electric Power 2700 KVA 1300 KVA 4000 KVA Consumption Fuel Consumption FO – 321 Lit/hr. Coal – 12 T/day FO – 321 Lit/hr.
HSD – 100 Lit/day Coal – 48 T/day OR HSD – 100 Lit/day
Coal – 88 T/day Pet Coke – 32 T/day Coal – 100 T/day
Coal – 48 T/day OR Pet Coke – 32 T/day Water Consumption 839.0 KLD -- 839.0 KLD
2.9.4 Land Requirement As proposed project activity will be carried out within existing premises, no new land will be required. The total plot area of the unit is 1,11,994.00 m2. Due to expansion of project, construction area, storage area and greenbelt area will be increased. The details of land area utilization is as mentioned below;
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Table No. 2.5: Land Area Bifurcation
Area (m2) Sr. Title Total Area After No. Existing Additional Expansion 1. Construction Area 32982.53 8592.00 41574.53 Storage Area (Raw Material, Coal, 2. Lime, Water Pond/Tank Sulfuric 20970.90 1013.00 21983.90 Acid, FO, Diesel Tank.) 3. Gypsum Storage Area 5717.77 -- 5717.77 4. Greenbelt/Plantation Area 36947.00 1271.00 38218.00 5. Open Area 15375.80 -- 4499.80 TOTAL 111994.00 -- 111994.00
2.9.5 Electric Power Requirement
Existing Additional Total After Expansion
Source of Power Supply Paschim Gujarat Vij Company Ltd. (PGVCL)
Electric Power Requirement 2700 KVA 1300 KVA 4000 KVA
Existing D. G Set of capacity 500 KVA, 250 KVA & 630 KVA, used in case of power failure or emergency.
2.9.6 Water Requirement, Availability, Wastewater Generation & its Disposal
Source of Water: Gujarat Water Infrastructure Limited (GWIL) & Borewell
Unit has got CGWA permission for ground water extraction (Quantity – 179.0 KLD) & also got permission from GWIL (Quantity – 660.0 KLD). Please refer Annexure – 2 for CGWA permission and Annexure – 3 for GWIL permission.
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Table No. 2.6: Water Consumption & Wastewater Generation
WATER CONSUMPTION WASTEWATER GENERATION Sr. (KL/day) (KL/day) Category No. Total After Total After Existing Proposed Existing Proposed Expansion Expansion 1. Domestic 9.0 -- * 9.0 6.0 -- 6.0 i. TOTAL 9.0 -- 9.0 6.0 -- 6.0 2. Process & Washing 795.0 -- 795.0 683.0 -- 683.0 3. Boiler 35.0 -- 35.0 5.0 -- 5.0 ii. TOTAL 830.0 -- 830.0 688.0 -- 688.0 GRAND TOTAL (i+ii) 839.0 -- 839.0 694.0 -- 694.0
*existing water consumption requirement is enough for proposed employees.
DISPOSAL OF WASTEWATER:
For existing production of Bleaching Clay – 12000 MT/Month:
Domestic effluent is disposed in to Septic tank / Soak pit system.
Industrial wastewater generated from manufacturing process and other ancillary operation is allowed into in-house ETP (comprising of primary treatment facilities & RO plant) for treatment. RO permeate is reused in process & green belt development. RO rejected water is evaporated through solar evaporation pond.
For proposed production of Bleaching Clay – 4000 MT/Month: There shall be no any additional Domestic & Industrial effluent generation to be occurred due to proposed expansion as unit shall carry out only drying and pulverizing activity in which no water consumption and wastewater generation.
In proposed scrubber, treated effluent after adjusting pH to alkaline will be utilized and scrubbed waste water will be allowed in ETP for its further treatment.
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Water Balance Diagram
2.9.7 Details of Effluent Treatment Plant
The spent acid of acid activation wash – A & B is carried to Acidic wastewater collection tank and then after send to neutralization tank. For neutralization hydrated lime is added to the reactor. Then it is circulated by means of agitator in reactor for getting 7 pH. The total cycle time is 6-7 hrs. After the neutralization process, the slurry is transferred to filter press by means of high pressure pump.
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Gypsum which will remain in cloths of press, it is removed manually and transfer to storage area. By product Gypsum is dried and it is selling to cement manufacturing company. The filtrate water is send to settling collection tank and from settling collection tank approx. 85% water is treated into RO and approx. 15% water is used in scrubber.
About 60% permeate water from RO is reused in process & gardening. The remaining 40% RO rejected stream is send to solar evaporation pond.
Evaporation Pond Details Evaporation pond is a solar pond containing a body of liquid to be heated by solar radiation. Evaporation pond comprises a multi layer bottom construction over the natural earth and underlying the complete pond. Bottom construction includes an upper layer of a permeable material having low degree of permeability to the liquid in the pond, an intermediate layer of permeable material having a higher degree of permeability to the liquid in the pond and a bottom layer of a permeable material having a low degree of permeability to the liquid in the pond; and pumping means for returning the liquid which permeates through the upper layer into the intermediate layer back to the pond above the upper layer. The impermeable upper and lower layers are both of compacted earth and the permeable intermediate layer is of course sand or crushed stone.
In the solar pond vertically extending salt concentration gradients is produced to produce a vertically extending temperature gradient to enable the pond to act as solar energy collector in which the concentrated solution at the bottom of the pond is heated a high temperature, e.g. up to 100 oC and over. The unit has provided solar evaporation pond, which is adequate for evaporation of reject water from RO.
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Effluent Treatment and Disposal Mode
Effluent generated from processing, reactor washing and from utilities is treated in ETP. Primary treatment is given in ETP and further treated in Reverse Osmosis (RO) plant at the site. The company has provided adequate effluent treatment plant. The design capacity of ETP is 800 m3. ETP consist of Neutralization Tanks, Filter Presses, Reverse Osmosis plant, Sludge drying beds and Solar Evaporation Pond.
Approx. 85% water from settling collection tank is treated into RO and approx. 15% water is used in scrubber. Treated effluent from RO plant after confirming State Pollution Control Board Norms, reuse in the process and green belt development which is in turn reduces the quantum of fresh water requirement. RO rejected water is discharged to the Evaporation Pond for its solar Evaporation.
Details of Effluent Treatment Plant Units
Sr. Name of the unit Capacity No. of Unit No. 1. Acidic Wastewater Collection tank 9.5 m x 5.5 m x 4.0 m each 04 2. Collection Cum Neutralization 50 m3 of each 16 3. Collection Cum Neutralization 50 KL each 09 4. Filter Press 450 m3/day 08 5. R.O. Plant 15 m3/hr 01 6. R.O. Plant 50 m3/hr 01 7. Treated Water Holding Tank 100 m3 of each 03 8. Evaporation Pond 100 m x 90 m x 5 m 01
NOTE: There shall be no any additional effluent generation due to proposed expansion.
Scrubbing System Effluent from settling collection tank of ETP will be allowed in one tank in which lime will be added to convert in alkaline pH. The said alkaline water will be allowed in each water scrubber attached with dryer to control SO2 emission as well as particulate matter. The scrubbed water will then allowed in three stage settling tank to settle fly ash and float out particulate matter and then again allowed to tank. The fly ash generated will be dried and sell to local brick manufacturer & road contractor along with boiler fly ash.
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The scrubbing pump and ID fan of each dryer will be inter connected in such a way that if pH is < 9 or no water in scrubbing tank then pump will not start or ID fan will also not start so that
there shall be no chance of SO2 emission without its treatment.
Details of Scrubbing System Units
Sr. Name of the unit Capacity No. of Unit No. 1. Mixing Tank 500 Lit 02 2. Alkaline Water Storage Tank 10 m3 01 3. Scrubber Pump 5 m3/hr 02 (One stand by) 4. Three Stage Settling Tank (having 3 m3 01 counter current flow mechanism)
2.9.8 Air Pollution & Its Control System
Flue Gas Emission & Process Gas Emission Details of Existing & Proposed stack is mentioned in Table No. 2.7;
Table No. 2.7: Stack Details
Stack Height Sr. Fuel Air Pollution Permissible Stack Details & Diameter No. Consumption Control System Limit (m) EXISTING STACK 1. Boiler – 1 & 2 30 & 0.50 -- (Capacity – 3 TPH each) FO 2. Boiler – 3 33 & 0.90 321 Litre/hr -- (Capacity – 6 TPH)
3. Boiler – 4 33 & 0.90 Coal Multi Cyclone PM ≤ 150 mg/NM3 (Capacity – 6 TPH) 16 T/day Separator & Bag Filter SO2 ≤ 100 ppm
4. D. G Set (500 KVA) 11 & 0.15 -- NOX ≤ 50 ppm 5. D. G Set (250 KVA) – 11 & 0.15 -- Stand By HSD 100 Litre/day 6. D. G Set (630 KVA) – 11 & 0.30 -- Stand By
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Stack Height Sr. Fuel Air Pollution Permissible Stack Details & Diameter No. Consumption Control System Limit (m) 7. Dryer – 1 18 & 0.60 Multi Cyclone Separator (3 TPH) + Bag Filter + Water Scrubber Coal 8. Dryer 2 18 & 0.60 Multi Cyclone Separator – 24 T/day (3 TPH) + Bag Filter + Water
Scrubber 9. Dryer – 3 (6 TPH) 18 & 0.80 Multi Cyclone Separator + Bag Filter PM ≤ 150 mg/NM3 10. Dryer – 4 (6 TPH) 18 & 0.60 Coal Multi Cyclone Separator SO2 ≤ 100 ppm 12 T/day + Bag Filter NOX ≤ 50 ppm 11. Dryer – 5 (in HAG) 18 & 0.60 Coal Multi Cyclone Separator (1.25 TPH) 12 T/day + Bag Filter 12. Dryer – 6 (6 TPH) 18 & 0.60 Coal Multi Cyclone Separator 12 T/day + Bag Filter + Water Scrubber 13. Dryer – 7 (6 TPH) 18 & 0.60 Coal Multi Cyclone Separator 12 T/day + Bag Filter + Water Scrubber 14. Pulverizer – 1 & 2 18 & 0.20 -- Bag filter
15. Pulverizer – 3 15 & 0.40 -- Bag filter
16. Pulverizer – 4 15 & 0.40 -- Bag filter
17. Pulverizer 5 15 & 0.40 -- Cyclone Separator + – 3 Bag Filter PM ≤ 150 mg/NM 18. Pulverizer – 6 15 & 0.40 -- Cyclone Separator + Bag Filter 19. De Dusting System–1 15 & 0.40 -- Bag filter
20. De Dusting System–2 15 & 0.40 -- Bag filter
21. Classifier 15 & 0.40 -- Bag filter
22. Floor Cleaner 15 & 0.40 -- Bag filter
23. Gasifier – 1 12 & 0.15 -- *** 3 PM ≤ 150 mg/NM 24. Gasifier – 2 12 & 0.15 -- *** 25. Gasifier – 3 12 & 0.15 -- *** 26. Gasifier – 4 12 & 0.15 -- ***
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Stack Height Sr. Fuel Air Pollution Control Permissible Stack Details & Diameter No. Consumption System Limit (m) PROPOSED STACK 27. Boiler – 5 33 & 0.90 Coal - 12 T/day Multi cyclone separator & (Capacity – 6 TPH) Bag filter 28. Dryer – 8 (6 TPH) 18 & 0.60 Coal - 12 T/day Multi cyclone separator + Bag filter + Water Scrubber OR OR Pet Coke - 8 T/day Multi cyclone separator + Alkaline water scrubber 29. Dryer – 9 (6 TPH) 18 & 0.60 Coal - 12 T/day Multi cyclone separator + Bag filter + Water Scrubber OR OR 3 PM ≤ 150 mg/NM Pet Coke - 8 T/day Multi cyclone separator + Alkaline water scrubber SO2 ≤ 100 ppm 30. Dryer – 10 (6 TPH) 18 & 0.60 Coal - 12 T/day Multi cyclone separator + NOX ≤ 50 ppm Bag filter + Water Scrubber OR OR Pet Coke - 8 T/day Multi cyclone separator + Alkaline water scrubber 31. Dryer – 11 (6 TPH) 18 & 0.60 Coal - 12 T/day Multi cyclone separator + Bag filter + Water Scrubber OR OR Pet Coke - 8 T/day Multi cyclone separator + Alkaline water scrubber 32. Pulverizer – 7 15 & 0.40 -- Cyclone separator + Bag filter 33. Pulverizer – 8 15 & 0.40 -- Cyclone separator + Bag filter 3 PM ≤ 150 mg/NM 34. Pulverizer – 9 15 & 0.40 -- Cyclone separator + Bag filter 35. Pulverizer – 10 15 & 0.40 -- Cyclone separator + Bag filter
NOTE: Existing Boiler – 1 & 2 (Capacity – 3 TPH each) will not be used after expansion and keep as a stand by. Proposed Boiler – 5 (Capacity – 6 TPH) will be installed and utilized.
Dryer – 4 operates at the time of breakdown / preventive maintenance.
There shall be no process gas emission from existing and proposed project activity.
SO2 online monitoring system will be provided for all dryer & boiler.
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In proposed Dryer (Dryer – 8, 9, 10, 11), Coal or Pet Coke will be used as fuel. If Coal will be used as fuel then Multi cyclone separator, Bag filter & water scrubber will be installed as APCS. If Pet Coke will be used as fuel then Multi cyclone separator & Alkaline water scrubber will be installed as APCS.
Two separate exhaust duct line will be provided for proposed each dryer (Dryer – 8, 9, 10, 11) connecting to either Multi cyclone separator, Bag Filter & water scrubber or with Multi cyclone separator & Alkaline water scrubber in parallel.
2.9.9 Hazardous/Solid Waste Generation and Its Management
Hazardous waste generated from the process, effluent treatment plant and other industrial activity are stored in a hazardous waste storage area and then disposed at nearest TSDF site. The unit has got membership of TSDF site M/s. Saurashtra Enviro Projects Pvt. Ltd. For membership certificate, Please refer Annexure – 4.
Table No. 2.8: Hazardous Waste Generation and Its Management & Handling
Quantity Sr. Type of Category Total After Mode of Disposal No. Waste Existing Additional Expansion Collection, Storage, Transportation 0.22 0.22 & Disposal by send to TSDF site – 1. ETP Sludge I – 35.3 -- MT/year MT/year M/s. Saurashtra Enviro Projects Pvt. Ltd. Maximum quantity reuse in plant & balance quantity if any will be 0.100 0.100 2. Used Oil I – 5.1 -- Collected, Stored, Transported and MT/year MT/year Disposed by selling to registered reprocessor enlisted by GPCB. Collection, Storage, Transportation & Disposal by selling to M/s. IFFCO 66000 66000 Kandla, Dist: Kutch. 3. Spent Acid B15-II -- MT/year MT/year If IFFCO will not accept spent acid, then it will be neutralize within the premises and generated gypsum shall be sent to cement Industry.
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Quantity Sr. Type of Category Total After Mode of Disposal No. Waste Existing Additional Expansion Sludge from Collection, Storage, Transportation Wet Scrubber & Disposal by sending to M/s. 8.50 8.50 4. (Gasifier 37.1 -- Sanghi Industries Ltd. for co- MT/year MT/year attached with processing. Dryer) Please refer Annexure – 5. Collection, Storage, Transportation 2.3 0.70 3.00 & Disposal by selling to Cement / 5. Fly Ash - MT/month MT/month MT/month Brick manufacturing unit / Local road contractor. Collection, Storage, Transportation Evaporation 1.0 1.0 & Disposal by send to TSDF site – 6. 37.3 -- Residue (salt) MT/year MT/year M/s. Saurashtra Enviro Projects Pvt. Ltd.
*Hazardous waste category mentioned as per MoEFCC notification Dated 04/04/2016.
2.10 SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATIONS OF THE FEASIBILITY DRAWINGS WHICH GIVE INFORMATION IMPORTANT FOR EIA PURPOSE
Location of Project Project Activity
Outside GIDC / Mineral beneficiation [< 0.5 million TPA throughput] notified area. As per MoEF Notification dated 25th June, 2014, the
project is classified as Category “B” under S. No. 2 (b)
Thus, overall project require EIA as per MoEF notification
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2.11 DESCRIPTION OF THE ASPECTS OF THE PROJECT LIKELY TO CAUSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
For proposed project, construction activity will be required. Due to construction activity and various project activities, there shall be impact on various components of the environment.
Activity Environmental Aspect Environmental Impact Construction of Roof Type Shed Dust generation, Noise Impact on Air, Water, Noise, generation Land/Soil, Socio-economic Transportation & Storage of Dust generation, Gaseous Impact on Air, Noise, Land/Soil, Raw Material / Product / Fuel / emission, Noise generation Ecology, Socio-economic Waste Operation of Dryer, Pulverizer & Gaseous emission, Noise Impact on Air, Noise, Land/Soil De Dusting System generation Operation of Boiler Gaseous emission Impact on Air, Water, Noise, Land/Soil, Ecology Operation of Alkali scrubber Gaseous emission, Impact on Air, Water, Land/Soil, wastewater & fly ash Ecology generation Operation of ETP Pipeline leakage, Noise Impact on Noise, Water, Land/Soil, generation HG
2.12 MITIGATION MEASURES INCORPORATED INTO THE PROJECT TO MEET ENVIRONMENTAL STANDARDS, ENVIRONMENTAL OPERATING CONDITIONS, OR OTHER EIA REQUIREMENTS (AS REQUIRED BY THE SCOPE)
To minimize environmental impact, following mitigation measures will be proposed by industry;
There shall be no additional water requirement and wastewater generation due to proposed expansion. Effluent generated from existing manufacturing process and other ancillary operation is allowed into in-house ETP for further treatment and final disposal. Adequate air pollution control equipment and stack height will be provided to disperse air pollutants into ambient air and to maintain the ground level concentrations of pollutants within permissible limits.
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Water required for Alkali water scrubber will be arranged from existing treated water of ETP. To minimize fugitive emission, powder material will be allowed in a vessel through closed loop while liquid material will be charged through pipeline. Transportation of raw materials & products will be carried out by trolley within premises and manual material handling will be avoided, so the fugitive emission due to material handling will be negligible. During charging, loading & unloading and transport of raw material & product, fugitive emission will take place. Water is sprinkled on surrounding to suppress the dust emission. Hazardous waste generated will be stored in separate Hazardous Waste Storage Area and then disposed to TSDF Site.
2.13 ASSESSMENT OF NEW & UNTESTED TECHNOLOGY FOR THE RISK OF TECHNOLOGICAL FAILURE
There is no such new & untested technology available as per proposed technology available with unit. If any research will be done, unit will implement.
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CHAPTER 3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT –
The baseline environmental qualities of various environmental components like air, noise, water, land, flora and fauna and socioeconomic form important and integral part of EIA study. The baseline data forms the basis for predicting/assessing the environmental impacts of the proposed project.
Following the final TOR as issued by SEIAA, the impact or study area has been considered to be the area within radius of 10 km from the project site. The project site and study area map have been shown in Figure No. 3.1;
Figure No. 3.1: Satellite Image of Study Area (5 & 10 Km Radius)
3.1 STUDY AREA M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. is located at Survey No. 167, Village – Ler, Nr. Bhujodi, Anjar Bhuj Highway, Bhuj, Dist – Kutch, State: Gujarat. The baseline study was carried out in 10 km radius
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017 from the centre of the project site. The demarcation of the impact boundary in a radius of 10 km from the project site can be viewed in the Figure No. 3.1.
To begin collection of baseline environmental status, the impact zone is first decided i.e. the area which is likely to be affected by the proposed expansion. The impact zone is further classified into three zones viz.
1. Core Zone: This is the area of project as well as the area in the immediate vicinity of the project which is at the highest risk of environmental impacts. For this project, the core zone has been assessed to be the area within 2 km of the project, covering the nearest villages.
2. Buffer Zone: This is the area, which is a little away from the site, where the pollution gets diluted or attenuated to a considerable limit. For this project, the buffer zone has been assessed to be the radial distance from 2 km to 5 km of the project, covering the nearby villages.
3. Unaffected Zone: This is the area, which is least affected due to the activities of the project, where the environmental impacts become so minimal to become insignificant. For this project, the unaffected zone has been assessed to be the radial distance from 5 km to 10 km of the project, covering the industrial and the nearby villages.
3.1.1 Important Features within the Periphery of Study Area Distance of the various places of concern and residential area from the project area is as mentioned in Table No. 3.1;
Table No. 3.1: Distances of Various Places of Interest
Sr. No. Nearest Infrastructure Feature Distance from Project Site 1. Bhuj City 5.41 km in NW direction 2. SH 46 (Connecting Bhuj- Anjar ) 2.9 km in N direction 3. Kukma Railway Station 1.84 km in NE direction 4. Bhuj Airport 6.97 km in NW direction 5. Syedpur Reserved Forest 10.50 km in W direction 6. Khari River 7.68 km in NW direction 7. Harmisar Lake, Bhuj 9.25 km in NW direction 8. Ler Village Pond 1.70 km in SE direction 9. Arabian Sea 50.81 km in SSW direction 10. Wild Ass Sanctuary 160.30 km in NEE direction
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3.2 COMPONENTS & METHODOLOGY OF BASELINE SURVEY The environmental status of the study area at 10 km radius zone around the project site has been studied during the summer season (07/03/2017 to 06/06/2017) and the details are given in the following sub-sections:
Various environmental components were monitored and samples analyzed. Apart from this, additional data were also collected from secondary sources i.e. Government/Non Government Agencies, Indian Metrological Department (IMD) and Census Data.
3.2.1 Basic Component of the Environment:
The component study of the present environment is obligatory to predict the environmental impact on the study area; therefore it is necessary to discriminate the various components of which Environment made. Environment consists of Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Lithosphere and Biosphere. These Environment components have been considered for the study of the Existing environment.
They are as follows: (I) Lithosphere: It includes the terrain and landscape study. Such as a) Topography and Geology of the study area
(II) Hydrosphere or Water Environment: It include water quality of the study area by means of a) Surface water quality and b) Ground water quality
(III) Atmosphere or Air Environment: Atmospheric condition mainly depend upon the a) Climatic condition and b) Micrometeorological data such as wind, temperature, humidity, Rainfall etc. of the project area.
(IV) Biosphere: Ecological systems consist of varieties of interrelationship between both abiotic and biotic components including dependence, competition and mutualism. Biotic components comprises of both plant and animal communities, which interact not only within and between themselves but also with the abiotic physical and chemical components of the environment. Whereas biotic component includes study of a) Fauna: Study of the animal and b) Flora: Study of the Plant
(V) Other Component: Other component of the surrounding area include of the Socio-Economic data and noise level data of the surrounding area.
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The survey for above all components of the study area and data collected by means of Primary and Secondary data are described in this chapter.
3.2.2 Establishment of Baseline for Valued Environmental Components Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) studies need a significant amount of primary and secondary baseline environmental data.
The primary baseline environmental data are those which need to be collected in the field to define the status of environment (like air quality data, water quality data, noise quality etc.).
The secondary baseline environmental data are those data which have been collected over the years and can be used to understand the existing environmental scenario of the study area by any recognized agencies. (Such as Used IMD data for micrometeorological data rainfall, humidity and Census data for Socio Economic etc.)
3.3 METHODOLOGY (1) Air Environment Monitoring Process: Design of Network for AAQM Stations (Figure No. 3.3 shows all eight Air monitoring station including project site) Reconnaissance Air quality monitoring or data collection Air analysis
Methodology: To understand the Air environment in the study area, Monitoring of the Air quality was done by setting up reconnaissance and using High Volume Dust Sampler (HVS) & Fine Particulate Sampler for monitoring of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX.
Analysis Methodology: Analysis was carried out by using IS method hereunder:
PM10 : IS 5182, part-23, 2006 PM2.5 : As per Instrument Manual SO2 : IS 5182, part-2,2006 NOx : IS 5182, part-6, 2006
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(2) Noise Environment Monitoring Process: Reconnaissance Design of Network Stations for Noise Monitoring (Figure No. 3.5 shows all eight noise monitoring station including project site)
Methodology: To understand the noise environment in the study area, a survey was conducted using Sound Level Meter at each of the eight locations including the project site.
(3) Water Environment Monitoring Process: Reconnaissance Design of Network Stations for collection of water sample (Figure No. 3.6 & Figure No. 3.7 shows all Ground Water & Surface water sample station) Sample collection & preservation Analysis of water quality by using following methodology
Methodology for water sample collection: Exercise of water sampler for Surface water sample collection.
Methodology for water sample Analysis: To understand the water Quality of the study area, analysis of all locations was conducted as per IS: 10500:2012 of drinking water or APHA (American Public Health Association).
(4) Soil Environment Monitoring Process: Reconnaissance Design of Network Stations for collection of soil sample (Figure No. 3.8 shows all six soil sample collection stations) Sample Collection Physico - Chemical analysis of soil based on following methodology.
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Methodology for Analysis: To understand the soil quality of the study area, analysis of all six locations was conducted by making suspension of soil sample and analysis were done by using standard method of soil analysis (APHA).
The environmental impact assessment (EIA) studies are conducted over a short period of time and therefore the understanding the environmental trends based on few months of primary data has its own limitations. Ideally, the primary data has to be considered along with the secondary data for complete understanding of the existing environmental status of the area.
3.4 CLIMATE & METEOROLOGY OF THE STUDY AREA
The micro meteorological conditions at the project site will regulate the transport and diffusion of air pollutants released into the atmosphere. The principle meteorological variables are horizontal convective transport (average wind speed and direction), vertical convective transport (atmospheric stability, mixing height) and topography of the area.
Secondary meteorological data for the duration from January 2016 to December 2016 as per availability with Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) for Bhuj is presented in Table 3.2 (A-D)
Rainfall: Rainfall data for Bhuj station is presented in Table No. 3.2(A)
Table No. 3.2(A): Rainfall Data (January 2016 to December 2016)
Month Monthly Total Rainfall in (mm) Number of Rainy Days January – 2016 00 0 February – 2016 00 0 March – 2016 00 0 April – 2016 00 0 May – 2016 20.2 2 June – 2016 2.6 2 July – 2016 26.9 14 August – 2016 148.1 12 September – 2016 00 0 October – 2016 59.9 2 November – 2016 00 0 December – 2016 00 0 TOTAL 257.7 32
(Source: Indian Meteorological Department, Bhuj)
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The rainy season in the area usually from May to August. In the year 2016, it has been raining in month of October also.
The total rainfall, during the monsoon period has been recorded as 257.7 mm. The total number of rainy days has been recorded about 32 days.
Temperature: Month wise average maximum and minimum temperature for the period of January 2016 to December 2016 as recorded at IMD station Bhuj has been furnished in Table No. 3.2 (B).
The mean maximum and minimum temperature recorded was 45.6 0C and 11.50 0C respectively.
Table No. 3.2(B): Mean Monthly Average Max. & Min. Temperature
Temperature (oC) Month Maximum Minimum January – 2016 34.8 11.5 February – 2016 38.2 11.8 March – 2016 41.5 18.2 April – 2016 43.9 20.5 May – 2016 45.6 21.8 June – 2016 43.5 26.0 July – 2016 37.8 24.5 August – 2016 35.3 23.4 September – 2016 40.4 23.0 October – 2016 38.0 21.2 November – 2016 38.5 16.2 December – 2016 36.3 12.7
(Source: Indian Meteorological Department, Bhuj)
Wind: Wind speed data for Bhuj station is presented in Table No. 3.2(C). Max wind speed was 15 kmph in the month of May & June at 17:30 hrs, while the average wind speed varied from 5 to 9.
Table No. 3.2(C): Mean Monthly Wind Speed Data
Wind Speed in kmph Month 08:30 HRS IST 17:30 HRS IST January – 2016 2 6 February – 2016 2 8 March – 2016 3 8 April – 2016 7 12
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May – 2016 11 15 June – 2016 11 15 July – 2016 7 11 August – 2016 7 10 September – 2016 6 10 October – 2016 1 4 November – 2016 0 4 December – 2016 0 4
(Source: Indian Meteorological Department, Bhuj)
Humidity:
Monthly relative humidity for the period of January 2016 to December 2016 at Bhuj Weather station of IMD recorded is as presented in Table No. 3.2(D). Relative humidity is generally high during the period from July to October.
Table No. 3.2(D): Average Monthly Relative Humidity
Relative Humidity in % Month 08:30 HRS IST 17:30 HRS IST January – 2016 79 34 February – 2016 62 31 March – 2016 74 28 April – 2016 79 31 May – 2016 76 41 June – 2016 75 50 July – 2016 82 64 August – 2016 86 72 September – 2016 84 58 October – 2016 84 50 November – 2016 65 42 December – 2016 68 30
(Source: Indian Meteorological Department, Bhuj)
Windrose: The wind rose diagram (as available with IMD, Bhuj) for the period of January 2016 – December 2016 is attached in Annexure – 6.
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3.5 SITE SPECIFIC METEOROLOGY Meteorological data was collected in summer season for the period from 07/03/2017 to 06/06/2017.
3.5.1 Monitoring Methodology for Meteorological Parameters For collection of site specific meteorological data, weather monitoring station (Make: Envirotech) was setup. The sensors of this equipment were kept at about 10 m above ground level with free exposure to the atmosphere at terrace of Factory building for the month of March 2017, April 2017 and May 2017. Temperature, wind speed, wind direction, relative humidity was recorded.
3.5.2 Site Specific Meteorological Data Site specific hourly mean meteorological data are as mentioned in Table No. 3.3.
Table No. 3.3: Site Specific Meteorological Data
Meteorological Month Parameter March – 2017 April – 2017 May – 2017 TEMPERATURE (oC) Maximum 36 37 37 Minimum 24 25 28 WIND SPEED (km/hr) Maximum 10 13 15 Minimum 3 4 4 RELATIVE HUMIDITY (%) Maximum 74 68 75 Minimum 13 10 35 WIND DIRECTION Dominant W WSW WSW
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Figure No. 3.2: Site Specific Pre-dominant Wind Rose Diagram for March, April & May 2017
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3.6 DETAILS OF BASELINE STUDY Since it is an EIA, the study period from 07/03/2017 to 06/06/2017 (Pre Monson season) has been considered, incorporating summer season.
3.6.1 AMBIENT AIR ENVIRONMENT Ambient Air Quality: The basic objective of collection of base line data for air environment is to identify project specific air pollutants being released into the atmosphere, which will have significant impact on air environment of immediate vicinity of the project site. For assessment of the baseline data it is important to specify the study area in respect of the location of the project. It was decided to study ambient air quality at suitable different directions in the probable impact zone including the project site.
To select ambient air monitoring location, we have run air dispersion model for boiler stack based on maximum impact area where population exist was consider for baseline ambient air study. The baseline data on air quality and micrometeorological conditions of the area surrounding the project site have been generated through an appropriately designed network for monitoring of Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) within the zone of likely impacts.
The following criteria were also taken into account while designing the ambient air quality- monitoring network: 1. Topography/Terrain of the study area 2. Populated areas within the region 2. Dominant wind direction. 3. Prediction of maximum concentrations and distances of their likely occurrence under prevailing meteorological conditions 4. Representation of valid cross sectional distribution in downwind Direction 5. Representation of regional background 6. Availability of reliable power supply on a 24-hour basis. 7. Even distribution of sampling locations in the study area.
Reconnaissance survey was undertaken to establish the baseline status of air environment in the study region. The prime objective of the NAAQ survey, within 10 km radial study area around the plant was to establish the existing ambient air quality levels. Total 08 ambient air locations were selected.
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Location of AAQ Monitoring Stations: The location of AAQ monitoring stations is shown in Figure No. 3.3 and details of these stations are described in Table No. 3.4.
Figure No. 3.3: Satellite Image Showing Ambient Air Sampling Location
Table No. 3.4: Details of Ambient Air Sampling Location Distance Direction Sr. Sampling Wind Name of Village Latitude Longitude from from Project No. Code Direction project site Site Project Site (Nr. A1 23°12'7.6"N 69°44'30.5"E 0 -- -- 1. Security gate North) 2. Ler Village A2 23°11'52.1"N 69°45'44.3"E 1.95 km ESE Downwind Project Site 2nd Gate A3 23°11'56.6"N 69°44'28.1"E 0.50 km S -- 3. South 4. Kukma A4 23°13'18.73"N 69°46'42.5"E 3.70 km NE Downwind Near Hira Laxmi A5 23°13'9.9"N 69°44'10.1"E 2.10 km NNW --- 5. Garden 6. Jadura A6 23° 9'27.19"N 69°41'19.46"E 7.00 km WSW Upwind 7. Madhapar A7 23°14'22.08"N 69°42'52.9"E 4.10 km NW --- 8. KNT (Dharamsala) A8 23°14'4.51"N 69°46'30.66"E 2.50 km NE Downwind
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Ambient Air Quality Standards: National Ambient Air Quality Standards as represented in Annexure – 7.
Gaseous emission standards for boiler stack emissions as per norms of Gujarat Pollution Control Board are given below.
Stack Emission Standards of GPCB for Air Pollutants Parameters GPCB Limits Particulate Matter 150 mg/Nm3
SO2 100 ppm
NOx 50 ppm
Parameters Monitored and Methods Used:
The Particulate Matter (PM10), Particulate Matter (PM2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and Oxides of
Nitrogen (NOx) were identified as significant parameters for ambient air quality monitoring, particularly because these are likely to be emitted from the industry and for which ambient air quality standards are prescribed.
PM2.5 & PM10 Dust Sampler along with the analytical methods prescribed by CPCB were used for carrying out air quality monitoring.
At all sampling locations; PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx were monitored from 07/03/2017 to 06/06/2017 at a frequency of twice a week at each station adopting a 24-hours schedule to enable the comparison with ambient air quality standards prescribed by the Central Pollution Control Board.
Results of Ambient Air Monitoring: The data on concentrations of various pollutants were processed for different statistical parameters like arithmetic mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum concentration and various percentile values.
Based on data obtained the statement showing maximum, minimum, average concentration, 98
percentile values of PM10, PM2.5, SO2 and NOx at different monitoring locations in the study area have been computed and presented at Table No. 3.5.
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Table No. 3.5: Ambient Air Quality Status of Study Area
PM (µg/m3) PM (µg/m3) Sr. Sample Monitoring 10 2.5 98 98 No. Code Location Maximum Minimum Average Maximum Minimum Average Percentile Percentile 1. Project Site (Nr. Security 84.20 66.10 75.40 83.40 44.80 35.70 39.46 44.45 A1 gate North) 2. A2 Ler Village 59.80 45.70 52.90 59.35 34.90 27.10 30.60 34.75 3. A3 Project Site 2nd Gate South 79.90 59.10 70.63 79.85 41.70 29.90 36.60 41.50 4. A4 Kukma 60.10 51.70 55.78 59.60 36.40 28.10 32.28 36.35 5. A5 Near Hira Laxmi Garden 62.60 47.30 53.70 62.45 35.40 29.50 31.89 35.05 6. A6 Jadura 54.80 41.50 48.26 54.80 27.40 20.10 24.40 27.40 7. A7 Madhapar 69.40 61.30 64.01 68.90 46.90 30.30 39.22 46.80 8. A8 KNT (Dharamsala) 68.60 54.30 62.03 68.46 36.30 19.40 32.82 36.02 NAAQS, November 2009 (I, R) Standards 100 µg/m3 60 µg/m3
SO (µg/m3) NO (µg/m3) Sr. Sample Monitoring 2 x 98 98 No. Code Location Maximum Minimum Average Maximum Minimum Average Percentile Percentile 1. A1 Project Site (Nr. Security 6.30 4.10 5.00 6.20 19.30 14.30 16.80 19.25 gate North) 2. A2 Ler Village 6.00 4.30 5.18 5.90 19.80 14.30 16.55 19.35 3. A3 Project Site 2nd Gate South 6.40 5.00 5.74 6.40 18.10 13.50 15.58 17.60 4. A4 Kukma 6.00 4.30 5.33 5.90 23.60 15.70 20.85 23.35 5. A5 Near Hira Laxmi Garden 5.90 4.00 4.83 5.85 19.50 11.30 15.14 19.30 6. A6 Jadura 5.70 4.50 5.13 5.65 16.70 11.20 13.73 16.04 7. A7 Madhapar 7.20 4.80 6.11 7.11 23.90 14.30 20.79 23.75 8. A8 KNT (Dharamsala) 6.10 4.60 5.48 6.10 21.00 15.60 19.83 22.60 NAAQS, November 2009 (I, R) Standard 80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3
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Observation Based on Monitoring Data:
Particulate Matter (PM10)
3 The maximum value of PM10 observed at Project Site (Nr. Security gate North) was 84.20 μg/m and lowest concentration observed at Jadura village was 41.50 μg/m3 during the study period. The 3 3 average concentration of PM10 varied from 48.26 μg/m to 75.40 μg/m at all monitoring locations during the study period, which is well below the permissible limit of 100 μg/m3 for industrial & residential area.
Figure No. 3.4(A): Graphical Representation of PM10 Concentration
Particulate Matter (PM2.5)
3 The maximum value of PM2.5 observed at project site (Nr. Security gate North) was 44.80 μg/m and 3 lowest was 20.10 μg/m at Jadura village. The average concentration of PM2.5 varied from 24.40 3 3 μg/m to 39.46 μg/m . At all the locations, the concentration of PM2.5 was observed within the permissible limit of 60 μg/m3 for industrial & residential area.
Figure No. 3.4(B): Graphical Representation of PM2.5 Concentration
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Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) 3 The highest concentration of SO2 was observed 7.20 μg/m at Madhapar and lowest 3 concentration was 4.00 μg/m at Hira Laxmi Garden. The average concentration of SO2 varied 3 3 from 5.00 μg/m to 6.11 μg/m . At all the locations, the concentration of SO2 was within the permissible limit of 80.0 μg/m3 for industrial & residential area.
Figure No.3.4(C): Graphical Representation of SO2 Concentration
Oxide of Nitrogen (NOx)
3 Highest concentration of NOx observed was 23.90 μg/m at Madhapar & lowest concentration was 3 11.20 μg/m at Jadura Village. The average concentration of NOX varied from 13.73 to 20.85 3 3 μg/m . At all the locations, the concentration of NOX was within the permissible limit of 80.0 μg/m for industrial & residential area.
Figure No. 3.4(D): Graphical Representation of NOX Concentration
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Conclusion: On perusal of the results presented in Table No. 3.5, it can be concluded that the concentration of
PM10, PM2.5, SO2 & NOx is below the CPCB permissible limits / NAAQ standards, 2009.
3.6.2 NOISE ENVIRONMENT
Noise can be defined as an unwanted sound. It interferes with speech and hearing and is intense enough to damage hearing or is otherwise annoying. The definition of noise as unwanted sound implies that it has an adverse effect on human beings and their environment. Noise can also disturb natural wildlife and ecological system.
Sound is mechanical energy from a vibrating surface, transmitted by cyclic series of compression and rarefaction of molecules of the materials through which it passes. Sound can be transmitted through gases, liquids and solids. The number of compressions and rarefaction’s of the air molecules in the unit of time is described as its frequency. Frequency is expressed in hertz (Hz), which is the same as the number of cycles per second.
To understand the noise environment in the study area, a survey was conducted using Sound Level Meter at each of the eight locations including the plant site is shown in Figure No. 3.5. Table No. 3.6 gives details of the sampling location.
Table No. 3.6: Details of Noise Sampling Location
Distance Direction Sr. Monitoring Sampling Latitude Longitude from from No Location Code project site Project Site 1. Project Site (Nr. Security N1 23°12'7.6"N 69°44'30.5"E 0 -- gate North) 2. Ler Village N2 23°11'52.1"N 69°45'44.3"E 1.95 km ESE 3. Project Site 2nd Gate South N3 23°11'56.6"N 69°44'28.1"E 0.50 km S 4. Kukma N4 23°13'18.73"N 69°46'42.5"E 3.70 km NE 5. Near Hira Laxmi Garden N5 23°13'9.9"N 69°44'10.1"E 2.10 km NNW 6. Jadura N6 23° 9'27.19"N 69°41'19.46"E 7.00 km WSW 7. Madhapar N7 23°14'22.08"N 69°42'52.9"E 4.10 km NW 8. KNT (Dharmsala) N8 23°14'4.51"N 69°46'30.66"E 2.50 km NE
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Figure No. 3.5: Satellite Image Showing Noise Sampling Location
Noise standards: Ministry of Environment and Forest has notified the National ambient standards in respect of noise in Gazette of India on February 14, 2000. Annexure – 8 depicts these standards in respect of noise.
Noise Monitoring Schedule: Ambient noise level monitoring was carried out during the study period at each location; noise monitoring was conducted continuously over a period of twenty-four hours to obtain Leq values at uniform time intervals of one hour. To understand the noise environment in the study area, a survey was conducted using Sound Level Meter at each of the 8 locations including the plant site. All measurements were carried out when the wind speeds were approximately 1-2 m /sec and no unusual activities were being carried out at the monitoring locations.
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Results of Noise Monitoring: The average Leq values of noise levels during daytime (Ld) varied between 42.54 to 56.27 dB. Highest Ld value was recorded near project site (56.27 dB) while the average Leq values of noise levels during night time (Ln) varied between 36.52 to 48.30 dB. Highest Ln value was recorded near project site (48.30 dB).
The one hourly Leq noise levels recorded at various locations in the study area show considerable fluctuations because of changes in traffic movement, commercial and residential activities in the study area.
Table No. 3.7: Average Noise Level Data
Noise Quality Data Limit as per CPCB Avg. of Observed Sr. Sampling Location Zone Guidelines Leq, dB value Leq, dB No. DAY* NIGHT* DAY* NIGHT* 1. Project Site (Nr. Security Industrial Zone 75 70 56.27 48.30 gate North) 2. Ler Village Residential Zone 55 45 42.54 37.78 3. Project Site 2nd Gate South Residential Zone 55 45 42.90 38.59 4. Kukma Residential Zone 55 45 53.88 36.52 5. Near Hira Laxmi Garden Residential Zone 55 45 50.35 36.87 6. Jadura Residential Zone 55 45 45.26 40.23 7. Madhapar Residential Zone 55 45 52.84 38.47 8. KNT (Dharamsala) Residential Zone 55 45 51.71 38.48 * Day time Leq (6.00 AM to 10.00 PM) * Night time Leq (10.00 PM to 6.00 AM)
Conclusion: Noise levels of study area are compared with the noise level standards and the comparison shows that noise levels are well within the limits prescribed.
3.6.3 WATER ENVIRONMENT Water environment is widely divided into two categories: 1. Surface water: river, drains, nala, canals, lakes, ponds etc. 2. Ground water: Accumulation in deeper strata of ground.
The baseline water quality status in the region is established by analyzing surface water and ground water. Ground water samples (from 06 locations) and surface water samples (from 04
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Water Quality Standards:
Surface water and Ground water quality standards are as mentioned in Annexure – 9.
Water Monitoring Schedule and Methodology:
The water quality of the study area was studied for ground water as well as surface water by collecting the sample from selected location within the study area. The samples were collected & analysed as per the guidelines of CPCB. Total 06 Nos. of ground water samples and 04 Nos. of surface water samples were collected.
The details of surface and ground water sampling locations are given in Table No. 3.8 & 3.9. The map showing location of sampling points is shown at Figure No. 3.6 & Figure No. 3.7. Grab samples were collected once during the study period. Physico-chemical parameters have been analyzed to establish the baseline status of the surface and ground water resources in the study area.
Figure No. 3.6: Satellite Image of Ground Water Sampling Location
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Table No. 3.8: Details of Ground Water Sampling Location Sr. Sampling Sampling Distance from Direction from Latitude Longitude No. Location Code project site Project Site 1. Project Site GW1 23°12'05.9"N 69°44'30.9"E 0 - 2. Ler village GW2 23°11'53.4"N 69°45'43.6"E 1.95 km ESE 3. Kukma GW3 23°13'03.5"N 69°46'35.1"E 3.70 km NE 4. Hira Laxmi Garden GW4 23°13'10.4"N 69°44'11.7"E 2.10 km NNW 5. Madhapar GW5 23°14'07.9"N 69°43'44.3"E 4.10 km NW 6. KNT (Dharmsala) GW6 23°14'00.4"N 69°46'34.2"E 2.50 km NE
Figure No. 3.7: Satellite Image of Surface Water Sampling Location
Table No. 3.9: Details of Surface Water Sampling Location
Sr. Sampling Sampling Distance from Direction from Latitude Longitude No. Location Code project site Project Site 1. Ler Dam Water SW1 23°11'37.1"N 69°45'37.0"E 1.95 km ESE Hira Laxmi Garden SW2 2.10 km NNW 2. 23°13'11.1"N 69°44'12.4"E Pond Water 3. Kukma Village Talab SW3 23°13'10.1"N 69°46'36.9"E 3.70 km NE 4. KNT Talab SW4 23°14'08.9"N 69°46'22.9"E 2.50 km NE
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Quality of Ground Water: The physico-chemical characteristic of different ground water samples are presented in Table No. 3.10;
Table No. 3.10: Quality of Ground Water in the Study Area
GROUND WATER QUALITY Limit (as per IS:10500) GW1 GW2 GW3 Sr. Parameter Desirable Permissible Unit No. Project Site Ler Village Kukma Limit Limit 1. pH 6.5 to 8.5 6.5 to 8.5 -- 7.86 7.14 7.58 2. Colour 05 15 Pt. Co. <01 <01 <01 3. Conductivity -- -- mS/cm 2101 2684 2350 4. Turbidity 01 05 NTU 1.45 1.38 1.50 5. TDS 500 2000 mg/L 1610 1858 1570 6. Total Hardness 200 600 mg/L 516 704 648 7. Total Alkalinity 200 600 mg/L 366 402 385 8. Calcium as ca 75 200 mg/L 50 160 156 9. Magnesium as mg 30 100 mg/L 93.8 72.9 61.9 10. Residual Chlorine 0.2 1 mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 11. Boron 0.5 1 mg/L 0.03 0.056 0.075 12. Chlorides as Cl 250 1000 mg/L 340 422 389
13. Sulphate as SO4 200 400 mg/L 186 236 195 14. Flouride as F 1.0 1.5 mg/L 0.96 1.20 1.32
15. Nitrates as NO3 45 -- mg/L 12.4 13.8 15.0 16. Phenolic Compound 0.001 0.002 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 17. Anionic Detergents 0.2 1.0 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 18. Cadmium as Cd 0.003 -- mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 19. Arsenic as As 0.01 0.05 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 20. Copper as Cu 0.05 1.5 mg/L 0.03 0.056 0.074 21. Lead as Pb 0.01 -- mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 22. Manganese as Mn 0.1 0.3 mg/L 0.007 0.008 0.007 23. Iron as Fe 0.3 -- mg/L 0.091 0.27 0.18 24. Chromium as Cr+6 0.05 -- mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 25. Zinc as Zn 05 15 mg/L 0.20 0.34 0.37 26. Aluminium as Al 0.03 0.2 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 Microbiological Parameter 1. Total Coliform 10 , Max - MPN/100ml Nil Nil Nil 2. E.coli Absent - E.coli/100ml Absent Absent Absent
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GROUND WATER QUALITY Limit (as per IS:10500) GW4 GW5 GW6 Sr. Parameter Desirable Permissible Unit Hira Laxmi KNT No. Madhapar Limit Limit Garden (Dharmsala) 1. pH 6.5 to 8.5 6.5 to 8.5 -- 7.62 7.12 7.70 2. Colour 05 15 Pt. Co. <01 <01 <01 3. Conductivity -- -- mS/cm 2212 2104 2340 4. Turbidity 01 05 NTU 1.55 1.70 1.74 5. TDS 500 2000 mg/L 1790 1636 1834 6. Total Hardness 200 600 mg/L 656 672 772 7. Total Alkalinity 200 600 mg/L 412 372 414 8. Calcium as ca 75 200 mg/L 172 140 172 9. Magnesium as mg 30 100 mg/L 54.2 77.12 82.0 10. Residual Chlorine 0.2 1 mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 11. Boron 0.5 1 mg/L 0.04 0.034 0.26 12. Chlorides as Cl 250 1000 mg/L 348 322 384
13. Sulphate as SO4 200 400 mg/L 197.1 215.8 246 14. Flouride as F 1.0 1.5 mg/L 1.20 1.28 1.60
15. Nitrates as NO3 45 -- mg/L 15.6 11.2 15.5 16. Phenolic Compound 0.001 0.002 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 17. Anionic Detergents 0.2 1.0 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 18. Cadmium as Cd 0.003 -- mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 19. Arsenic as As 0.01 0.05 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 20. Copper as Cu 0.05 1.5 mg/L 0.94 0.038 0.278 21. Lead as Pb 0.01 -- mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 22. Manganese as Mn 0.1 0.3 mg/L 0.03 <0.001 0.09 23. Iron as Fe 0.3 -- mg/L 0.17 0.16 0.20 24. Chromium as Cr+6 0.05 -- mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 25. Zinc as Zn 05 15 mg/L 0.70 0.24 0.70 26. Aluminium as Al 0.03 0.2 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 Microbiological Parameter 1. Total Coliform 10 , Max - MPN/100ml Nil Nil Nil 2. E-coli Absent - E.coli/100ml Absent Absent Absent
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Quality of Surface Water: The physico-chemical characteristic of different surface water samples are presented in Table No. 3.11.
Table No. 3.11: Quality of Surface Water in the Study Area
SURFACE WATER QUALITY Limit (as per IS:10500) SW 1 SW 2 SW 3 SW 4 Sr. Hira Laxmi Kukma Parameter Unit Ler Dam KNT No. Desirable Permissible Garden Pond Village Limit Limit Water Talab Water Talab 1. pH 6.5 to 8.5 6.5 to 8.5 -- 8.12 7.55 8.41 7.27 2. Colour 05 15 Pt. Co. 10 12 14 12 3. Conductivity -- -- mS/cm 588 804 694 784 4. Turbidity 01 05 NTU 2.8 3.3 3.9 3.5 5. TDS 500 2000 mg/L 340 474 452 486 6. Total Hardness 200 600 mg/L 140 247 147 204 7. Total Alkalinity 200 600 mg/L 134 241 152 174 8. Calcium as ca 75 200 mg/L 30 24 40.8 44.8 9. Magnesium as mg 30 100 mg/L 14 44.8 18 22.08 10. Residual Chlorine 0.2 1 mg/L <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 <0.02 11. Boron 0.5 1 mg/L 0.044 0.052 0.034 0.04 12. Chlorides as Cl 250 1000 mg/L 75 125 81.4 92.6
13. Sulphate as SO4 200 400 mg/L 28 48 45.2 44.4 14. Flouride as F 1.0 1.5 mg/L 0.34 0.38 0.6 0.52
15. Nitrates as NO3 45 -- mg/L 5.4 8.4 6.6 7.6 16. Phenolic Compound 0.001 0.002 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 17. Anionic Detergents 0.2 1.0 mg/L 0.064 0.06 0.083 0.09 18. Cadmium as Cd 0.003 -- mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 19. Arsenic as As 0.01 0.05 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 20. Copper as Cu 0.05 1.5 mg/L 0.038 0.14 0.058 0.052 21. Lead as Pb 0.01 -- mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 22. Manganese as Mn 0.1 0.3 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 23. Iron as Fe 0.3 -- mg/L 0.17 0.14 0.16 0.17 24. Chromium as Cr+6 0.05 -- mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 25. Zinc as Zn 05 15 mg/L 0.049 0.086 0.095 0.092 26. Aluminium as Al 0.03 0.2 mg/L <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 27. Dissolved oxygen -- -- mg/L 4.2 3.8 4.8 3.8 28. BOD -- -- mg/L 33 50 45 41 29. COD -- -- mg/L 80 142 143 130 Microbiological Parameters 29. Total Coliform 10 10 MPN/100ml 36*102 46*102 48*102 39*102 30. E-coli 10 10 MPN/100ml Absent Absent Absent Absent
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Results:
Ground Water Quality: Out of the six ground water locations of the study area, maximum TDS recorded was 1858 mg/L in sample collected from Ler Village while minimum TDS was 1570 mg/L in sample collected from Kukma village. Maximum hardness recorded was 772 mg/L from KNT (Dharmsala) while found minimum hardness 516 mg/L from Project site. Details for all parameters are tabulated in the Table 3.10.
Surface Water Quality: Four surface water samples were collected from the near vicinity of project site. Maximum TDS recorded was 486 mg/L from sample of KNT Talab while minimum TDS was 340 mg/L found in sample from Ler Dam Water. Maximum value of chloride was detected from Hira Laxmi Garden Pond Water while found lowest in Ler Dam Water. Results for all the parameters are tabulated below in Table 3.11.
Conclusion on Water Quality: Quality of ground water shows that hardness is higher than permissible limit specified by IS: 10500 and it is not good for drinking purpose. Surface water quality of all locations shows that water can be used for drinking purpose as well as domestic purpose.
3.6.4 SOIL ENVIRONMENT From the geographic point of view, soil of this region fall in the category of sandy soil. Some part of Kutchh is very saline in nature.
Soil Monitoring Schedule: Soil samples were collected from 06 different locations during the study period in the study area. The details of locations selected for collection of soil samples are presented in Table No. 3.12. The sampling locations are shown in Figure No. 3.8.
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Figure No. 3.8: Satellite Image of Soil Sampling Location
Table No. 3.12: Details of Soil Sampling Location
Distance Direction Sr. Name of the Sampling Latitude Longitude from project from Project No. Village Code site Site 1. Project Site S1 23°12'7.6"N 69°44'30.5"E 0 -- 2. Ler Village S2 23°11'52.1"N 69°45'44.3"E 1.95 km ESE 3. Kukma S3 23°13'18.73"N 69°46'42.5"E 3.70 km NE 4. Hira Laxmi Garden S4 23°13'9.9"N 69°44'10.1"E 2.10 km NNW 5. Madhapar S5 23°14'22.08"N 69°42'52.9"E 4.10 km NW 6. KNT (Dharmsala) S6 23°14'4.51"N 69°46'30.66"E 2.50 km NE
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Results of Soil Monitoring: The values of important physical and chemical parameters of these soil samples are depicted in Table No. 3.13.
Table No. 3.13: Soil Sample Analysis Report
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 Sr. Hira Parameter Unit Project Ler KNT No. Kukma Laxmi Madhapar Site Village (Dharmsala) Garden 1. Silt % 35 37 39 25 24 21 Clay % 29 22 22 37 23 24 Sand % 36 41 39 38 53 55 2. pH - 7.52 7.65 7.48 7.85 7.55 7.8 3. Electrical µmhos/cm 446 351 482 350 620 267 Conductivity 4. Cation Exchange meq/100 gm 3.03 2.88 2.28 2.43 2.46 2.54 Capacity 5. Potassium mg/kg 3.59 3.26 2.47 2.6 2.92 3.24 6. Sodium mg/kg 81 85 50 95 88 110 7. Calcium mg/kg 271 265 207 212 236 224 8. Magnesium mg/kg 158 142 124 115 107 112 9. Sodium - 0.96 1.04 0.67 1.3 1.18 1.49 Absorption Ratio 10. Water Holding % 13.2 15.4 11.5 20.2 23.8 27 Capacity 11. Porosity % 39 43 35 47 37 43
Conclusion on Soil Quality: Samples collected from identified locations show that soil has pH ranging from 7.48 to 7.85. The nutrients and organic matter contents are medium. Soil found in this area is mostly sandy which is not good for agriculture purpose but for specified plantations.
3.6.5 LAND USE PATTERN The main objective of this section is to provide a baseline status of the study area covering 10 km radius around the existing unit so that temporal changes due to the expansion activity on the surroundings can be assessed in future. Land use pattern of the study area as well as the topography area was carried out by standard methods of analysis of remotely sensed data and followed by ground truth collection and interpretation of satellite data.
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Objectives: The objectives of land use studies are: To determine the present land use pattern; To analyze the impacts on land use due to proposed project activities in the study area; and To give recommendations for optimizing the future land use pattern.
Methodology: The land use of the study area is studied and analyzed by using the latest available Satellite Imagery from National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC).
Land Use Pattern: Materials: - The equipment used during the present investigation includes ground truth hand held GARMIN 12 GPS receiver for ground truth collection, besides the visual observation and analysis.
Garmin 12 GPS receiver: - The Garmin 12 GPS Receiver in stand-alone mode was used to collect the information regarding the geographical location of the ground truth sites during the present investigation.
Satellite data: - The Indian Remote Sensing satellite IRS LISS-III data was used for present analysis. One scene of IRS LISS-III covered the entire study area.
Topographical maps of the study area: - The Survey of India topographical map of 41E/11, 41E/12, 41E/15 & 41E/16 on 1:50,000 scale covering Bhuj area of Gujarat, was used as reference map for geo-referencing of the remote sensing data. These maps helped to select the ground truth collection sites.
Ancillary data: - Information derived from the remotely sensed data can only be verified using field data. Field data is used to improve the information extraction, to calibrate either data or the information and to assess the accuracy of the derived information. Field data used in the study was of different types such as maps of Survey of India, data collected in the field sampling, and information derived from statistical data from revenue department.
Ground truth data collection: - The different methods followed while collecting the ground truth information.
Spatial observations: - Spatial measurements were made with the help of hand held GPS to get the spatial coordinate along with type of land use.
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Data & Methodology: - For the present land use study LISS-III sensor data of IRS satellite has been used National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) classification scheme has been followed for present land use study. Supervised classification method has been adopted followed by visual interpretation technique for 10 km radius and a total of 9 classes have been obtained.
The LULC map around the 10 Km radius of existing unit is depicted below;
Figure No. 3.9 : Landuse Landcover Map
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Description of Land use: The study area is dominantly comprises by agriculture fallow land covering a total of 21.1 km2 (6.15%) of total geographic area followed by cropland area of 163 km2 (47.50%). Second largest class is scrub land which covers 146.44 km2 (42.68%). Settlements (both urban and rural) cover an area of 10.18 km2 (2.97%). As the area falls in arid zone, water body covers 1.6 km2 (0.47%).
Table No. 3.14: Land use/ Land cover of the study area
Sr. Class-I Class-II Area (km2) Area (%) No. 1. Barren/ Uncultivable Gullied/ Ravinous land 0.13 0.04 2. land Scrub land 146.44 42.68 3. Barren Rocky Area 0.68 0.20 4. Built-up Mining 0.02 0.01 5. Urban 9.06 2.64 6. Rural 1.12 0.33 7. Wetlands/ Water Reservoirs/ Lakes/ 1.6 0.47 bodies Ponds 8. Agriculture Cropland 163 47.50 9. Fallow land 21.1 6.15 Total 343.15 100.00
3.6.6 TOPOGRAPHY
The topography of the area near the project site is plain terrain toward Northern direction of the site and hilly in southern direction. Study area is undulating. As per handed GPS taken at site, the elevation of the project site varies from 120 - 131 m above the mean sea level. The natural gradient of the project is towards the Par River in the North direction. Seasonal river and some streams in the project study area (~10 km) flow in monsoon from South to North of the area.
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Figure No. 3.10: Topography Map
3.6.7 GEOLOGY & HYDROGEOLOGY
The study area covers the region within 10 km radius around the factory. From the field study and existing literature it appears that sedimentary rocks ranging in age from Jurassic to cretaceous age cover this region. Lime stones, shales and sandstones are the most common rocks (Krishnan, 1982). Two formations are present:
Katrol Formation: This is a 750 m thick succession of shale, limestone and sandstone deposited during Late Jurassic. The Katrol formation has yielded fossils. This is exposed in E-W trending ridge covering the southern part of the study area.
Bhuj formation: It belongs to the cretaceous age and comprises of sandstone and shale and is characterized by presence of plant fossils. Bhuj formation is exposed in the northern half of the study area and in a small patch in the southern part. Faults are present in this area and some of the faults mark the formation boundaries.
The Geological map of the region is shown in Figure No. 3.11.
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GEOLOGICAL MAP
69.66 69.68 69.7 69.72 69.74 69.76 69.78 69.8 69.82 69.84
23.29 23.29
23.28 23.28
23.27 23.27
23.26 23.26
23.25 23.25 Road Bhuj Drainage 23.24 23.24 Navabas Places 23.23 23.23
23.22 Kukuma 23.22
Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd 23.21 23.21
23.2 23.2 LEGEND 23.19 23.19 Jurassic formation (Katrol series) 23.18 23.18 Cretaceous formation 23.17 23.17 (Bhuj series)
Fault 23.16 23.16
23.15 23.15
23.14 23.14
23.13 23.13 Sanosara 23.12 23.12 0 1 2 3 4 km 69.66 69.68 69.7 69.72 69.74 69.76 69.78 69.8 69.82 69.84
Figure No. 3.11: Geological Map
Geomorphology: Geomorphologically the study area belongs to the central plain of Kutch. However, locally the area can be divided into two parts: the denudational hills and the Central plains.
Hydrogeology: Hydrogeological scenario and generalized ground water conditions are discussed here under. Sedimentary rocks of marine origin formed under different environmental conditions during middle Jurassic to cretaceous period occur in the study area. Two hydrogeological formations are:
Katrol Series: The rocks belonging to this series occupy the south central parts of study area. It is represented by shale and sand stone sequence with minor bands of limestone. The sandstone is general made up of hard indurated blocks, Exploratory drilling in Wagad area has revealed
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017 presence of alternate bands of sandstone and shale. The sandstone at shallow depth is generally soft and friable and forms aquifer locally. The ground water in this formation occurs under phreatic to confined conditions. The ground water development is generally through dug wells which, range in depth from less than 10 m to about 25 m.
Bhuj Series: The formations belonging to the Bhuj (Umia) series form the most prolific aquifer system in the district. This aquifer is extensively developed in northern and southern part of the study area. Lithologically the Bhuj Sandstone comprises of fine to coarse grained sandstone interbedded with siltstone and shale. The sandstone, which mainly forms the aquifer, is soft, friable and highly porous/permeable. Ground water occurs both under phreatic and confined conditions. The unconfined of the phreatic aquifers system in this formation extends down to a depth ranging from 20 m to about 100 m depending on the presence of aquitards/confining layers.
HYDROGEOMORPHOLOGICAL MAP
69.66 69.68 69.7 69.72 69.74 69.76 69.78 69.8 69.82 69.84
23.29 23.29
23.28 23.28
23.27 23.27
23.26 23.26
23.25 23.25 Road Bhuj Drainage 23.24 23.24 Navabas Places 23.23 23.23
23.22 Kukuma 23.22
Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd 23.21 23.21
23.2 23.2 LEGEND 23.19 23.19 Residual hill Groundwater potentiality 23.18 23.18 is almost nill exepting in foothill area, 23.17 23.17 Central plains 23.16 23.16 Groundwater is available in unconfined condition 23.15 23.15 can be exploited through dug wells
23.14 23.14
23.13 23.13 Sanosara 23.12 23.12 0 1 2 3 4
69.66 69.68 69.7 69.72 69.74 69.76 69.78 69.8 69.82 69.84
Figure No. 3.12: Hydrogeomorphology Map
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3.6.8 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT
The following sections provide an overview of the existing biological environment of the study area. The impact of the projects on the ecosystem is the focus of the study where changes in species richness and population in the ecosystem are quantified.
Aim of the Study: The aim of this study was to list the floral and faunal species in the area & to identify any threatened species among these which could potentially be affected due to expansion of project.
Description of Study Area: The study area comprises 10 km radial distance (which includes part of district Kutch and tehsil of
Bhuj and surrounding villages) as per the TOR issued to M/s. ashapura perfoclay limited.
More information about the study area has been provided in the section 3.7.5 (Table 3.18 & 3.19). There is no any wetland and eco sensitive zone observed within core zone from the project site. No forest area exists within the project area. Hamirsar lake Gujarat’s largest manmade lake is situated within the buffer zone of the project site.
Study area mainly comprises of tree species like prosopis cineraria (gando baval), Delonix regia (gulmohare), Azadirechta indica (neem), polyalthia longifolia (Asopalav). Common shrub species like Mehandi (lawsonia inermis), safed champa(Plumeriaalba), cactus (opuntia elatior).
As per baseline study, total 27 species of birds directly encountered during visit. Land is mostly occupied by local tree species. 16 families and Aprox. 32 number of flora observed during site Visit. Some of the important mammalians fauna like, nilgai (Boselaphus tragocamelus), Indian mongoos (herperstes auropunctatus).
Methodology: The total duration of study period was summer season (07/03/2017 to 06/06/2017). Floral & faunal survey was carried out between 6:00 am to 6:00 pm. As study area mainly comprises of waste land and less greenery area. We used the following methodological approach. A distance of 2 km from the project site as known a core zone and 2-5 km from the project site as known as buffer zone we studied total 10 km radius area of project site.
We studied 10 km area along GPS to survey the flora and fauna. Birds were observed during the most active period specially mornings (6:00 to 10:00 hours) in a day. Birds were observed with
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017 binocular and identified using available field guides of birds (Salim Ali, Grimmett & Kazmierczak). Whenever possible photographs were taken during the survey. Additional information was collected through visual observations or by interviewing local residents. Secondary information gathered from online resources like research articles or published work from Forest & Environment Department.
Results: (A) Flora of the Study Area: The study area has mixed type of vegetation composed of desert tress and less natural vegetation observed in the study area. Dominant tree species recorded in study area are mentioned in Table 3.15. Some trees of medicinal values were also recorded in study area, such as Azadirachta indica, Eucalyptus sps, Syzygium cumini, Acacia nilotica, Ficus religiosa, Ficus Bengalensis etc.
The cultivated crops of study area are Bajra, Groundnut, sugarcane, cash crops like Caster, Cotton, and Cumin, isbgul.
Table No. 3.15: List of Trees Species in the Study Region (Observed during field survey)
Sr. No. Local Name Botanical Name Family 1. Amli Tamarindus indica Ceasalpiniaceae 2. Asopalav Polyalthia longifolia Annonaceae 3. Boradi Ziziphus mauritiana Rhamnaceae 4. Desi baval Acacia nilotica Fabaceae 5. Gorad Acacia senegal Fabaceae 6. Goras amli Pithecellobium dulce Fabaceae 7. Gulmohor Delonix regia Caesalpiniaceae 8. Israel baval Acacia tortilis Fabaceae 9. Karanj Pongamia pinnata Fabaceae 10. Khijado Prosopis cineraria Fabaceae 11. Limdo Azadirachta indica Meliaceae 12. Nilgiri Eucalyptus sp. Myrtaceae 13. Papaya Carica papaya Caricaceae 14. Peepal Ficus religiosa Moraceae 15. Pipal Ficus tsila Moraceae 16. Safed Champa Plumeria obtusa Apocynaceae 17. Saragvo Moringo oleifera Moringaceae 18. Siris Albizia lebbeck Fabaceae 19. Subaval Leucaena leucocephala Fabaceae 20. Tagar Tabernaemontana divaricata Apocynaceae 21. Umro Ficus racemosa Moraceae 22. Vad Ficus bengalesis Moraceae 23. Gando baval Prosopis Julifera Fabaceae 24. garmado cassia fistula Caesalpiniaceae 25. Amla Phyllanthus emblica euphorbiaceae 26. banana Musa paradisiacal Musaceae 27. Mehndi Lawsonia inernis Lythraceae 28. Barmasi Tridaz procumbens Asteraceae
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29. Thor Opuntia elatior Cactaceae 30. Chani bor Ziziphus nummularia Rhamnaceae 31. Cactua Oputia elatior Cactaceae 32. Gunda Cordiadichotoma Boraginaceae
Among the above tree species found in study area, some of the species are found to act as pollution tolerant namely Azadirachta Indica (Neem), Pithecolobium dulce (Goras amli), which are tolerant to SO2. Other species like Ficus Bengalensis (Vad) and Pithecolobium dulce (Goras amli) are tolerant to Dust. which is very commonly found within the study area is also tolerant to SO2 emissions (As per CPCB guidelines March 2000).
(B) Faunal diversity of the Study Area: Due to short duration study period, the following lists do not include many other species which might be occurring in the part of these areas either as resident or as migrant.
(i) Birds of the Study Area: The dominant species of birds observed in study area were Common Myna, House Crow, Indian Robin, Sparrow, Rose ring Parakeet, Blue rock Pigeon, Black Drongo, and Spotted Dove, etc. Check list of birds observed by our team within the 10 km radius study area is given in Table No. 3.16. Within the study area a total 27 species of birds were observed.
Table No. 3.16: List of Terrestrial & Aquatic Birds in the Study Area (Observed during field survey)
Sr. No. Common Name Scientific Name Family Status 1. Ashy Prinia Prinia socialis Cisticolidae LC 2. Asian Koel Eudynamys scolopacea Cuculidae LC 3. Bank Myna Acridotheres ginginianus Sturnidae LC 4. Black Drongo Dicrurus macrocercus Dicruridae LC 5. Black Kite Milvus migrans Accipitridae LC 6. Blue Rock Pigeon Columba livia Columbidae LC 7. Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis Ardeidae LC 8. Common babbler Turdoides caudata Leiothrichidae LC 9. Common Myna Acridotheres tristis Sturnidae LC 10. Common Tailorbird Orthotomus sutorius Cisticolidae LC 11. Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto Columbidae LC 12. Greater Coucal Cetntropus sinensis Cuculidae LC 13. House Crow Corvus splendens Corvidae LC 14. House Sparrow Passer domesticus Passeridae LC
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15. Indian Robin Saxicoloides fulicata Muscicapidae LC 16. Indian Roller Coracias benghalensis Coraciidae LC 17. mallard anas platyrhynchos anatidae LC 18. Indian Spot-billed Duck Anas poecilorhyncha Anatidae LC 19. Jungle Babbeler Turdoides striata Leiothrichidae LC 20. Jungle Crow Corvus macrorhynchos Corvidae LC 21. common kingfisher Ceryle rudis Alcedinidae LC 22. Purple Sunbird Nectarinia asiatica Nectariniidae LC 23. Purple-rumped Sunbird Nectarinia zeylonica Nectariniidae LC 24. Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer Pycnonotidae LC 25. Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri Psittaculidae LC 26. Spotted Dove Streptopelia chinensis Columbidae LC 27. White browed bulbul Pycnonotus luteolus Pycnonotidae LC
Status by IUCN: LC: Least concern, NT: Near Threatened, VU: Vulnerable, EN: Endangered, CR: Critically Endangered.
(ii) Mammals and Reptiles of the Study Area: The wild mammals & reptiles observed from the study area are given in the Table No. 3.17.
Table No. 3.17: List of Mammals & Reptiles in the Study Area
Sr. No. Common Name Scientific Name Family MAMMALS: 1. Plains Gray Langur (LC) Semnopithecus entellus Cercopithecidae 2. Grey Musk shrew * (LC) Suncus murinus Soricidae 3. Indian field mouse* Mus Booduga Muridae 4. Indian Flying Fox* (LC) Pteropus giganteus Pteropodidae 5. Indian hare* (LC) Lepus nigricollis Leporidae 6. Indian Mongoose* (LC) Herpestes auropunctatus Herpestidae 7 Desert cat* (LC) Felis chaus Felidae 8 Nilgai* (LC) Boselaphus tragocamelus Bovidae 9 five-striped palm squirrel* (LC) Funambulus palmarum Sciuridae 10 Wild Pigs *(LC) Sus scrofa Suidae 11 Striped Hyena (NT) Hyaena hyaena Hyaenidae
REPTILES: 1. Indian Garden lizard* Calotes versicolor Agamidae 2. Wall lizard* Hemidactylus flaviviridis Gekkonidae 3. Common Skink * (LC) Eutropis carinata Scincidae 4. Indian Flapshell Turtle* (LC) Lissemys punctate Trionychidae Venomous Snakes: 5 Indian cobra (Naag) Naja naja Elapidae 6 Russell’s viper (Kamdio) Daboia russelii Viperidae 7 Common krait ( Kalo taro) Bungarus caeruleus Elapidae Common Non venomous Snakes: 8 Indian rat snake (Dhaman)* Ptyas mucosa Colubridae 9 Common sand boa Gongylophis conicus Boidae 10 Red sand boa Eryx johnii Boidae 11 Common trinket snake Coelognathus helenus Colubridae 12 Common wolf snake Lycodon aulicus Colubridae 13 Indian Gamm/cat snake Boiga trigonata Colubridae
Source: Online sources like Gujarat Forest Department Publications, GEER Foundation Reports and Research Articles etc. *: observed during field survey. Status by IUCN: LC: Least concern, NT: Near Threatened, VU: Vulnerable, EN: Endangered, CR: Critically Endangered. [3-37]
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Among the 12 species of mammals, eight were directly observed during study period from 14 species of reptile 6 were directly observed during visit.
Conclusion: As per baseline study, we did not find any threatened species of flora or fauna within study area during the survey. Total 32 species of trees belonging to 16 families, total 27 species of birds and 8 species of mammals and 6 species of reptiles which are directly encounter within the 10 km radial distance from the well sites.
Total 32 tree species belonging to 16 families were recorded in which dominant tree species from the Fabaceae family. Threatened floral species were not recorded within the study area.
3.6.9 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT The socio economic parameters viz. population growth, density, sex ratio, health, work force participation, occupational structure, literacy rate, etc. play an important role determining the impact of the proposed activity on the human population of the study area, directly or indirectly. The Socio economic environment also includes description of demography, available basic amenities like housing, health care services, transportation, communication, education and cultural activities. There are 20 villages coming within 10 km study area.
The following Table No. 3.18 shows the distance and direction of the villages from the project site. Table No. 3.18: Identified Villages in the Study Area Sr. From the project Site Village Name No. Aerial Distance (km) Direction 1. Ler 1.95 ESE 2. Bhujodi 2.46 NNW 3. Kukma 3.70 NE 4. Madhapar 4.10 NW 5. Reha Mota 4.13 SSE 6. Gada 5.28 N 7. Vadva 5.36 SE 8. Lakhond 6.73 NNE 9. Reha Nana 6.84 S 10. Harudi 6.85 SE 11. Jadura 7.00 WSW
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12. Reldi Moti 7.03 E 13. Hajapar 7.59 SSE 14. Traya 7.92 NNE 15. Vavdi 9.09 ESE 16. Purasar 9.37 N 17. Sanosara 9.46 SW 18. Kotda Ugamana 9.80 SSE 19. Padhar 9.80 NE 20. Sakrai Timbo 9.95 SE
Method of Data Preparation: The Census District Book, Map has been used to identify the settlements at various distances from the project site and compile the demographic data as per the requirement of environmental clearance questionnaire for different distance bands from the project site.
Demographic Structure: As per census 2011, the study area has total population of around 61413 people. The demographic status of the study area is reported in following Table No. 3.19.
Table No. 3.19: Population Details
Sr. Total Population Village Name Total No. of No. Total Male Female Household 1. Ler 405 206 199 81 2. Bhujodi 3484 1876 1608 789 3. Kukma 7216 3733 3483 1636 4. Madhapar 32293 16276 16017 7630 5. Reha Mota 1398 736 662 295 6. Gada 820 430 390 166 7. Vadva 464 233 231 90 8. Lakhond 3136 1560 1576 682 9. Reha Nana 1447 731 716 271 10. Harudi 407 208 199 95 11. Jadura 643 310 333 118 12. Reldi Moti 250 128 122 58 13. Hajapar 625 337 288 145 14. Traya 672 329 343 145 15. Vavdi 21 13 8 3 16. Purasar 284 152 132 53 17. Sanosara 821 418 403 177 18. Kotda Ugamana 3196 1647 1549 636 19. Padhar 3726 1857 1869 809 20. Sakrai Timbo 105 64 41 21 Total 61413 31244 30169 13900
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Table No. 3.20: Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
Sr. Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes Village Name No. Total Male Female Total Male Female 1. Ler 0 0 0 0 0 0 2. Bhujodi 1440 714 726 3 3 0 3. Kukma 1547 808 739 64 32 32 4. Madhapar 2513 1279 1234 183 96 87 5. Reha Mota 278 147 131 0 0 0 6. Gada 4 2 2 3 1 2 7. Vadva 0 0 0 0 0 0 8. Lakhond 289 147 142 11 4 7 9. Reha Nana 146 80 66 0 0 0 10. Harudi 2 1 1 0 0 0 11. Jadura 0 0 0 0 0 0 12. Reldi Moti 0 0 0 54 29 25 13. Hajapar 200 105 95 1 1 0 14. Traya 0 0 0 0 0 0 15. Vavdi 0 0 0 0 0 0 16. Purasar 0 0 0 5 4 1 17. Sanosara 0 0 0 0 0 0 18. Kotda Ugamana 86 42 44 18 11 7 19. Padhar 10 5 5 41 25 16 20. Sakrai Timbo 0 0 0 72 45 27 Total 6515 3330 3185 455 251 204
Literacy:
An understanding of education and literacy profile in the region is relevant in order to understand better jobs due to the proposed project could utilize the existing human resource in the area. Overall literacy rate for the 20 villages as per the census 2011 is 69.2 %.
Table No. 3.21: Literacy Details
Sr. Literate Illiterate Village Name No. Total Male Female Total Male Female 1. Ler 158 92 66 247 114 133 2. Bhujodi 2432 1462 970 1052 414 638 3. Kukma 4916 2752 2164 2300 981 1319 4. Madhapar 24352 12953 11399 7941 3323 4618 5. Reha Mota 799 464 335 599 272 327 6. Gada 566 319 247 254 111 143 7. Vadva 276 147 129 188 86 102 8. Lakhond 1827 1023 804 1309 537 772 9. Reha Nana 867 498 369 580 233 347 10. Harudi 112 61 51 295 147 148 11. Jadura 185 120 65 458 190 268 12. Reldi Moti 86 53 33 164 75 89 13. Hajapar 349 224 125 276 113 163 14. Traya 414 237 177 258 92 166
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15. Vavdi 2 2 0 19 11 8 16. Purasar 127 79 48 157 73 84 17. Sanosara 399 230 169 422 188 234 18. Kotda Ugamana 2403 1313 1090 793 334 459 19. Padhar 2203 1244 959 1523 613 910 20. Sakrai Timbo 24 20 4 81 44 37 Total 42497 23293 19204 18916 7951 10965
Occupational Structure: The occupational structure of the area shows among the total population of 61413, main workers are 19603 (31.92%), marginal workers are 1747 (2.84%) and non workers are 40063 (65.23%).
Table No. 3.22: Occupational Layouts
Sr. Main Workers Marginal Workers Non Workers Village Name No. Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female 1. Ler 112 96 16 0 0 0 293 110 183 2. Bhujodi 1150 1071 79 231 51 180 2103 754 1349 3. Kukma 2139 1890 249 303 196 107 4774 1647 3127 4. Madhapar 10705 8938 1767 525 190 335 21063 7148 13915 5. Reha Mota 410 371 39 69 29 40 919 336 583 6. Gada 265 198 67 20 6 14 535 226 309 7. Vadva 114 114 0 27 26 1 323 93 230 8. Lakhond 876 777 99 130 65 65 2130 718 1412 9. Reha Nana 404 366 38 70 26 44 973 339 634 10. Harudi 139 129 10 0 0 0 268 79 189 11. Jadura 154 151 3 1 1 0 488 158 330 12. Reldi Moti 73 65 8 0 0 0 177 63 114 13. Hajapar 183 169 14 51 7 44 391 161 230 14. Traya 209 176 33 142 6 136 321 147 174 15. Vavdi 6 6 0 8 2 6 7 5 2 16. Purasar 97 67 30 21 6 15 166 79 87 17. Sanosara 209 203 6 3 3 0 609 212 397 18. Kotda Ugamana 1130 950 180 40 16 24 2026 681 1345 19. Padhar 1170 971 199 106 29 77 2450 857 1593 20. Sakrai Timbo 58 33 25 0 0 0 47 31 16 Total 19603 16741 2862 1747 659 1088 40063 13844 26219
Infrastructure Available: Bhuj is a city and a Municipality in Kutch District in the state of Gujarat. Basic infrastructure facilities provided by the State Government and local authorities are very much helpful for speedy economic growth of the district. Such facilities are extensive transportation infrastructure, better communication network, good post & telegraph services, higher educational system and good health services etc.
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There are following Social Infrastructure available in 10 km study area. Medical Facilities: . G. K. General Hospital, Vijay Nagar Bhuj – 8.30 km (NW) . Velani Hospital, SH 45 – 8.89 km (NW) . Navkar Eye Hospital, Anand Colony – 8.95 km (NWN) . Psychiatrist Mental Hospital – 9.05 km (WNW) . Accord Hospital – 8.98 km (WNW) . MNPJ Hospital – 9.03 km (WNW)
In addition to these, small private clinics, medical stores are also available near the project site.
Educational Facilities: . Doon Public School, Madhapar – 2.39 km (NW) . Patel English School Madhapar – 2.33 km (NW) . Kendriya Vidyalaya No. 2 – 7.11 km (NW) . Army Public School Bhuj – 7.22 km ((WNW) . St. Xaviers English Primary School – 8.02 km (NW) . White House Public School – 9.06 km (NW) . Learning Star International School, SH-42 – 5.42 km (NE) . BMCB Public School, Lakhond – 5.86 km (ENE)
Post & Telegraph Offices: . The facility of Post Office and Telegraph are available in Madhapar village. . Facility of mobile & telephone are available in every village. . Panjab National Bank and Axis Bank are available in Madhapar village.
Approach Road: All the villages and towns are connected with one another with village road. Ler-Hanuman Road is 2.0 km (E), SH-46 is 3.32 km. (NE). The approach road towards Bhuj is permanent, painted and cemented. The main roads on which the major modes of transport (Bus Govt. Roadways / Private, Tractors, Scooters, Motor Cycles) travelling in the Ler village are permanent.
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CONCLUSION: For proposed expansion project, approx. additional 30 people (20 Male + 1 Female + 9 Labor) will be required.
For expansion of project, some construction activity will be carried out and Local workers will be employed for construction work.
Due to proposed project, some people will get temporary job during construction phase and some people will get permanent job during operation phase.
As per socio-economic survey, higher education facilities and healthcare facilities are required in some villages. Also there shall be requirement of public toilet in some area.
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CHAPTER–4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES
4.1 DETAILS OF INVESTIGATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS DUE TO PROJECT LOCATION, POSSIBLE ACCIDENTS, PROJECT DESIGN, PROJECT CONSTRUCTION, REGULAR OPERATIONS, FINAL DECOMMISSIONING OR REHABILITATION OF A COMPLETED PROJECT
M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. is the existing unit and expansion of project will be carried out within existing premises. For proposed project, some construction activity will be carried out. The environmental impacts due to existing & proposed project activities will be evaluated considering the following parameters;
Air Environment Water Environment Noise Environment Land Environment Ecology Socio-Economic Environment
4.1.1 Impact on Air Environment
For expansion of project, some construction activity will be carried out. During the construction phase, there will be an increase in PM level along with NOX (from vehicle exhausts) due to transportation of construction material at site. During the construction activity the major impact on the air environment will be due to increase in the fugitive emissions. The adverse impact is expected to be temporary. To control the dust emission, regular water sprinkling shall be done on road, and other unpaved areas. Covered shed will be provided for cement unloading activity.
During operation phase, the major source of air pollution from the beneficiation plant is dust generation due to handling, loading, unloading and transportation of raw materials & product. Dust will be also generated during production which involves drying & milling process. Due to existing & proposed project activities, it is expected to have long-term impacts on the air quality.
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Also there shall be flue gas generation from stack attached to Boiler, Dryer and D. G set. Pet coke/Coal will be used as fuel in Dryer and Coal will be used as fuel in Boiler. There shall be no process gas emission from existing and proposed project activity.
Vehicular traffic associated with the operation phase of the project for transportation of raw materials and finished product lead to increase in concentration of SPM, NOx etc., through exhaust gases from their original concentration in the surrounding environment, affecting the ambient air quality of surrounding areas. However, this effect remains localized near to the plant site during the time of vehicular movement only.
Sources of fugitive emissions from the project activity are enumerated below: Storage area of raw materials Manufacturing process (Pulverizer, Drying, Vents etc.) Vehicle movement on internal roads
During charging, loading & unloading and transport of raw material & product, fugitive emission will take place.
4.1.1.1 Assessment of Impacts on Air Quality Using Dispersion Model Assessment of impacts on air quality is done by using Gaussian Dispersion Formula by computer based dispersion models. In the present study, Lakes Environmental Software “AERMOD View 8.2.0” has been used to find out the maximum ground level concentration of pollutant.
The input values for model are shown below:
Height Internal Pollutant Exit Gas Exit Gas Sr. Type of Stack Attached To from GL Diameter Release Velocity Temp No. Pollutant (m) (m) Rate (g/sec) (m/sec) (oC) 1. Boiler – 5 33 0.90 PM 1.37 12.0 112.0
(Capacity – 6 TPH) SO2 0.92
NOX 0.46 2. Dryer – 8 (6 TPH) 18 0.60 PM 0.56 11.0 108.0
SO2 0.37
NOX 0.19 3. Dryer – 9 (6 TPH) 18 0.60 PM 0.56 11.0 108.0
SO2 0.37
NOX 0.19
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4. Dryer – 10 (6 TPH) 18 0.60 PM 0.56 11.0 108.0
SO2 0.37
NOX 0.19 5. Dryer – 11 (6 TPH) 18 0.60 PM 0.56 11.0 108.0
SO2 0.37
NOX 0.19
From the output of the “AERMOD View 8.2.0” dispersion model, the highest / maximum ground level concentration can be worked out, which will indicate the incremental value in that pollutant.
Table No. 3.5 of Chapter 3 shows the baseline status of the ambient air quality in the study area. 98th percentile value when overlapped with the incremental value gives the status of ambient air after the expansion of project. The following table shows the present status and status of pollutants after the operation of the proposed project in terms of 98th percentile value in μg/m3.
The Isopleths have been prepared using Lakes Environmental Software “AERMOD View 8.2.0”. The Isopleths of each of the pollutant is given below:
ISOPLETHS OF PM
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ISOPLETHS OF SO2
ISOPLETHS OF NOx
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Table No. 4.1: Ground Level Concentration of Pollutants at Various Locations
Distance Direction Baseline Concentration Incremental GLC Cumulative Concentration 3 3 3 Sr. Monitoring from from (μg/m ) (μg/m ) (μg/m ) No. Location project Project
site Site PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx PM10 PM2.5 SO2 NOx
1. Project Site 0 -- 83.40 44.45 6.20 19.25 0.59 0.39 0.65 0.33 83.99 44.84 6.85 19.58 2. Ler Village 1.95 km ESE 59.35 34.75 5.90 19.35 0.51 0.34 0.57 0.28 59.86 35.09 6.47 19.63 3. Project Site 2nd 0.50 km S 79.85 41.50 6.40 17.60 0.22 0.14 0.24 0.12 80.07 41.64 6.64 17.72 Gate South 4. Kukma 3.70 km NE 59.60 36.35 5.90 23.35 0.07 0.04 0.08 0.04 59.67 36.39 5.98 23.39 5. Near Hira 2.10 km NNW 62.45 35.05 5.85 19.30 0.10 0.07 0.11 0.06 62.55 35.12 5.96 19.36 Laxmi Garden 6. Jadura 7.00 km WSW 54.80 27.40 5.65 16.04 0.25 0.16 0.27 0.14 55.05 27.56 5.92 16.18 7. Madhapar 4.10 km NW 68.90 46.80 7.11 23.75 0.05 0.04 0.06 0.03 68.95 46.84 7.17 23.78 8. KNT 2.50 km NE 68.46 36.02 6.10 22.60 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.01 68.48 36.04 6.13 22.61 (Dharamsala)
Permissible Limits as per National Ambient Air Quality (NAAQ) Standards, 2009 100 60 80 80
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4.1.2 Impact on Water Environment
During the construction phase, water will be utilized for civil work and drinking water for labours. The water will be procured from tanker. Domestic wastewater generated during the construction phase will be disposed off through existing soak pit / septic tank.
For existing production, water required for domestic and industrial purpose is procured from Gujarat Water Infrastructure Limited (GWIL) & Borewell. Unit has got CGWA permission for ground water extraction (Quantity – 179.0 KLD) & also got permission from GWIL (Quantity – 660.0 KLD). In Gujarat state, GWIL involved in the bulk transfer of water from the Mahi and Sardar Sarovar Canals to various locations.
Industrial wastewater generated from existing manufacturing process and other ancillary operation is allowed into in-house ETP (comprising of primary treatment facilities & RO plant) for treatment. RO permeate is reused in process & green belt development. RO rejected water is evaporated through solar evaporation pond. Storage capacity of treated effluent is 45000 m3. Daily maximum effluent going to evaporation pond is 210 m3 during non rainy days while 390 m3 during rainy days. Thus, wastewater can be stored for maximum 115 days during rainy season which is adequate.
Domestic effluent is disposed in to Septic tank / Soak pit system. For proposed production, there shall be no any additional Domestic & Industrial effluent generation to be occurred due to proposed expansion as unit shall carry out only drying and pulverizing activity in which no water consumption and wastewater generation.
Also there shall be no additional water requirement for proposed boiler of capacity 6 TPH. As existing two boilers each of capacity 3 TPH will not be used after expansion and keep as a stand by.
In proposed scrubber, treated effluent after adjusting pH to alkaline will be utilized and scrubbed waste water will be allowed in ETP for its further treatment. The unit is Zero Liquid Discharge. Thus, in scrubber neither fresh water required nor any additional wastewater generation will occur.
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Based on above discussion, it can be concluded that there shall be no impact on ground water and surface water due to existing & proposed project activities.
4.1.3 Impact on Noise Environment
For expansion of project, some construction activity will be carried out. Noise will be generated during construction work, due to movement of vehicles, heavy equipment machinery. As the construction phase will over, the noise level will come to its background concentration without affecting much to the nearby human habitats. Thus, the impact on the noise environment during the construction phase will be short term and temporary.
During operation phase, the impact on noise environment will be from manufacturing area, utility and transportation. Noise will generate during manufacturing activity which will be long term impact. Noise generation associated with vehicular movement within the plant premises will increase ambient noise levels for shorter period of time and the negative impact generated due to this will get reversed with the passage of time.
The noise anticipated from the proposed expansion shall be confined within the plant boundary. By adopting preventive measures like proper design & regular maintenance of machineries/equipments, greenbelt development, the impact on noise levels will be minimal.
4.1.4 Impact on Land/Soil Environment
Expansion of project will be carried out within existing premises only which is already categorized as Industrial land. There is also no additional land will be required. For expansion of project, some construction activity will be carried out within existing premises. The possible impact on topography and geology of the area will occur due to land cutting, filling, work shed related civil construction activities.
The change in the land use area has already been envisaged as it is existing unit. The site is not falling in the way of any water stream. Therefore after construction, there will be no change in the drainage pattern. The surrounding area is undeveloped and agriculture land.
There shall be no direct discharge of industrial effluent into ground or surface water or on
land. The unit is Zero Liquid Discharge.
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Unit has already provided separate Hazardous waste storage area for the storage of hazardous waste having impervious floor, leachate collection system and roof cover. Hazardous waste generated from unit will be sent to TSDF site through authorized vehicle of TSDF site.
Unit has already provided pucca RCC road/flooring at existing production, raw material & finished product storage area to avoid any contamination with soil during handling, spillages. In proposed activity area, unit will also provide pucca RCC road/flooring. Also there shall be no longer distance between raw material storage area and production area.
Possibility for failure of scrubbing system shall be minimized to avoid excess untreated SO2 emission into surrounding land environment by following way; By adjusting pH < 9 for scrubbing water with help of online pH meter. Sensor mechanism for water level in scrubbing tank. If no water in scrubbing tank then scrubbing pump will also not start. Sensor mechanism between scrubbing pump and ID fan i.e. ID fan will also not start till scrubbing pump start.
Traffic load will be increased but the existing approach roads will be sufficient to support the extra traffic load. However, proponent will co-operate with Govt. time to time in strengthening and maintaining of approach roads.
Therefore, it can be concluded that there shall be negligible impact on land/soil due to expansion of project.
4.1.5 Impact on Biological Environment
The project site is not located within the industrial area and also site does not have surrounded by the eco sensitive zone, national parks and wildlife sanctuary and forest area within 10 km radius. The present study was carried out to predict the likely impacts of the project in surrounding environment. No endangered species of flora & fauna are observed or recorded in the study area.
There will not be any direct discharge of effluent into any water body. Hence, there will not be any impact on aquatic ecology of the surrounding study area.
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Air emissions generated, due to proposed project activity will be always kept within the prescribed standards and therefore no significant impact on terrestrial ecology is envisaged. Dust generation due to vehicular movement may increase deposition of dust and dust settling on the vegetation may alter or limit plants' abilities to photosynthesize and/or reproduce.
Existing & proposed green belt development within the premises will lead to reversing the various negative impacts associated with plant operation as well as it can also help to develop terrestrial and avian ecology with positive effect in the long term.
4.1.6 Socio Economic Impact
For expansion of project, some construction activity will be carried out. Local workers will be employed for construction work. Thus, during construction phase there shall be short-term positive impact on the socio-economic environment on surrounding area as it provides benefits in terms of economics to the people employed with it.
Due to expansion of project, employment generation will increase. It is expected that direct and indirect employment will increase for people who reside nearby project area.
The local surrounding people will get maximum benefit of this project due to their reduction of travelling cost & time. Moreover, it will result into the improvement in the economy of the local vendors. At present, 500 Nos. of people working at the site. Due to expansion of project, unit will require approx. 30 Nos. of additional manpower. This will ultimately boost the employment opportunity.
No loss or disturbance of any historic and cultural heritage is associated with the proposed project.
Due to development of greenbelt it will increase the aesthetic value of the surrounding area.
Thus, overall impact due to this industrial development along with employment potential poses long-term positive impact on the socio-economic environment on surrounding area as it provides benefits in terms of economics to the people employed with it.
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4.2 MEASURES FOR MINIMIZING AND / OR OFFSETTING ADVERSE IMPACTS IDENTIFIED
Mitigation measures for impacts identified are given below;
Environmental Mitigation Measures Component Air During the construction phase, there will be generation of dust, which Environment will be controlled by sprinkling of water. Excavated earth will be stored at identified place and sprinkling of water should be done regularly. To minimize vehicular emission due to transportation of material, paved roads will be maintained. Necessary repairs will be done immediately if the road is damaged. PUC approved vehicles will be allowed in the site and the speed of vehicles will be limited to less than 10 km/hr for heavy vehicles to prevent dust generation. Before loaded vehicles are allowed to go outside the premises, they will be covered with tarpaulin to prevent spillage. Adequate stack height will be provided for proper dispersion of pollutant gases. Appropriate Air Pollution Control System will be provided to control flue gas emission and fugitive emission. To minimize fugitive emission, powder material will be allowed in a vessel through closed loop while liquid material will be charged through closed pipeline system. Transportation of raw materials & product will be carried out by trolley within premises and manual material handling will be avoided. Unit will follow preventive maintenance schedule, time to time cleaning etc. Environmental monitoring plan shall be developed for regular monitoring of flue gas emission, work place environment and ambient air quality. In order to minimize the air pollution, the unit will develop additional
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green belt area at periphery of boundary wall & within premises. Water Records of water consumption, water characteristics shall be Environment maintained. Ensuring proper operation and maintenance schedule for the ETP. Enough care shall be taken to prevent any leakages /accidental spillages from ETP units in order to avoid any ground water contamination. Wastewater drainage line leading to ETP area is completely closed and its joints should be routinely checked for any leakage. Unit has proper storm water collection system and rain water harvesting system within premises. The regular environment monitoring shall be done either through established laboratory or in-house. Noise Due to construction activities, there will be short term noise impacts in Environment the immediate vicinity of the project site. Machinery which creates highly noise will be avoided to use. Working hours for workers employed in high noise areas will be rotated. Hearing protection such as earplugs/muffs will be provided to those working very close to the noise generating machinery. Apart from this, the construction activities will be restricted to daytime only. Extensive oiling, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be carried out for the machineries and equipments to reduce noise generation. Areas with high noise levels will be identified and segregated where possible and will include prominently displayed caution boards. D.G set will be provided with acoustic enclosure and Anti-vibrating pads to minimize noise pollution. Anti vibration pad for equipment with high vibration will be also provided. Additional plantation will be carried out within plant premises and around the periphery to prevent the noise pollution in surrounding area. Regular noise level monitoring & work place noise level monitoring will be carried out & records should be maintained.
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Land/Soil There shall be no direct discharge of industrial effluent into ground or Environment surface water or on land. The unit is Zero Liquid Discharge. Wastewater drainage line leading to ETP area is completely closed. All ETP units are made of RCC. Regular checking of leakage shall be carried out to avoid any penetration into soil. Unit has already provided separate Hazardous waste storage area for the storage of hazardous waste having impervious floor, leachate collection system and roof cover. Hazardous waste generated from unit will be sent to TSDF site through authorized vehicle of TSDF site. In proposed activity area, unit will provide pucca RCC flooring at production, raw material & finished product storage area to avoid any contamination with soil during handling, spillages. Biological Management shall ensure that air emission will be always kept within Environment the prescribed standards. Greenbelt shall be developed in maximum possible area and regular maintenance will be carried out. Socioeconomic For employment, priority shall be given to people reside nearby project Environment area. The unit has existing health care centre where doctor visit regularly and also made available to needy in the surrounding area. Management shall ensure that there is no harm/damage to local socioeconomic condition due to the operational activity of the plant.
4.3 IRREVERSIBLE AND IRRETRIEVABLE COMMITMENTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS
Irreversible commitments of resources are those which cause either direct or indirect use of natural resources such that the resources cannot be restored or returned to their original condition.
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Material and energy resources committed for the unit would include construction materials (e.g., steel, concrete) and fuels (e.g., coal, diesel). All energy used during construction and operation would be irreversible and irretrievable.
For expansion of project, some construction activity will be carried out. Due to construction activity, there shall be loss of existing plants and soil characteristics. Care shall be taken that new construction will take where no plants exist or if required for that area then same plants will be replanted at another suitable area. Before construction, top soil consist of plant will be stored at identified place and same will be utilized as a top layer at another plantation area. This will result in loss of habitat for some time till construction over.
Unit is using ground water for project activity. The ground water extraction constitutes an irreversible and irretrievable commitment. To compensate withdrawal of ground water, unit has provided adequate rain water harvesting system within premises.
During transportation & utility operation, fossil fuels like Coal and Diesel will be consumed which is irretrievable but can be minimized by adopting sophisticated technology.
Consumption of Raw material (i.e. Attapulgite & Bentonite) in production will also irretrievable. After extracting minerals, waste will be dissolved in acid and going to ETP. No tailing dam is required to store unrecovered material.
4.4 ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACTS (CRITERIA FOR DETERMINING SIGNIFICANCE, ASSIGNING SIGNIFICANCE) Impact shall be predicted on various environmental components due to various proposed project activities and it’s mitigation measures are given in below Table No. 4.2;
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Table No. 4.2: Environmental Impact & It’s Mitigation Measures
Environmental Impact Characteristic Activity Cause Mitigation Measures Attribute Nature Duration Reversibility Construction Air, Noise Air pollution due Direct Short Reversible To control the dust emission, regular water of Roof Type Shed to construction Negative Term sprinkling shall be done on road, and other activity, unpaved areas transportation of machinery which creates highly noise will material be avoided to use Noise generation Lubrication will be carried-out periodically due to for rotational machinery. construction work, Construction activities will be restricted to movement of daytime only. vehicles, heavy Use of old age machineries should be equipment avoided. machineries Ear Plug will be provided to those working near high noisy machinery mixer / vibrator machine Handling & Charging Air, Land & Soil Air pollution due Direct Long Reversible Charging of liquid material should be of Raw Material / to Fugitive Negative Term through pipeline. Barrel pump should be Product emission utilized for liquid material handling. Land/soil Direct Long Reversible Charging of solid material through closed contamination Negative Term loop facility. due to spillages The management should ensure provision of proper storage facility & proper usage of PPE’s. Operation of Air, Noise Air pollution due to Direct Long Reversible Provision of Bag Filter as air pollution Pulveriser & dust emission & Negative Term control equipment and adequate stack De Dusting System noise generation height. due to friction Provision of adequate ventilation & regular lubrication.
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Environmental Impact Characteristic Activity Cause Mitigation Measures Attribute Nature Duration Reversibility Operation of Dryer Air, Noise Air pollution & Direct Long Reversible Provision of adequate air pollution control noise generation Negative Term equipment and adequate stack height. Ensure regular lubrication. Operation of Boiler Air, Water, Air pollution due Direct Long Reversible Provision of adequate stack height as per Noise, Land & to flue gas Negative Term CPCB guidelines for adequate dispersion of Soil emission pollutant gases. Wastewater Provision of appropriate air pollution control generation due to equipment with boiler stack. boiler blow down Ensure adequate ventilation in the boiler room. Noise generation Regular maintenance and inspections. due to operation of blower Proper collection & drain system should be provided for blow down water. Regular lubrication should be carried out. Operation of D. G Set Air, Noise, Air pollution due Direct Long Reversible Provision of adequate stack height as per Land & Soil to flue gas Negative Term CPCB guidelines for adequate dispersion of emission pollutant gases. Noise generation To prevent noise pollution acoustic due to D. G set enclosure and anti-vibrating pads should be operation provided. Soil contamination Used oil generated from generator should due to used oil be collected and stored in a separate generation storage area and disposal should be done appropriately. Operation of ETP Water, Water/land/soil Direct Long Reversible Regular checking of pipeline leakage shall Land/Soil pollution due to Negative Term be carried out. leakages of pipeline Noise Noise generation Direct Short Reversible Regular lubrication should be carried out. due to pump Negative Term
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
Environmental Impact Characteristic Activity Cause Mitigation Measures Attribute Nature Duration Reversibility Storage facilities for Air & Land/Soil Air pollution due Direct Long Reversible Proper care should be taken by employees all the solid & liquid to fugitive Negative Term to control spillage and wastage of materials. materials emission The used bags will be sent to scrap dealer Land/soil pollution nearby. due to spillages of Proper ventilation system to be provided material during during storage. loading & Spillages material should be collected with unloading contaminated soil and stored into HWSA. Regular checking of barrel pump and pipeline. The management should improve the storage conditions, by taking necessary measures to reduce contamination of rain water during rainy season and ensure safe disposal/reuse of the empty bags (to end- users only). Proper labeling, handling and housekeeping shall be maintained. Transportation Air, Noise Air pollution due Direct Short Reversible Paved roads will be maintained. Necessary of all the raw & Land/Soil to vehicular Negative Term repairs will be done immediately if the road materials, finished emission is damaged. product and Noise pollution The speed of vehicles will be limited to less hazardous wastes due to vehicular than 10 km/hr for heavy vehicles to prevent movement dust generation. Before loaded vehicles are allowed to go outside the premises, they will be covered with tarpaulin to prevent spillage. Only P.U.C. certified vehicle will be used & avoid usage of old age truck.
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
Environmental Impact Characteristic Activity Cause Mitigation Measures Attribute Nature Duration Reversibility Land/Soil Trucks will not be over loaded and should contamination be maintained to the body level. due to spillage of The truck drivers should be trained in raw material, transportation of materials having finished product knowledge in spill control and other and hazardous emergency actions. waste during Plantation should be carried out along the transportation roads, periphery of the project area to prevent the spread of dust. Development of Air, Noise, Development of Direct Long Reversible Tree plantation should be carried out within Green Belt Ecology, green belt to Positive Term premises and at periphery of boundary wall Aesthetics mitigate pollution with selected spices as per local environment. Level of the garden area will be kept in such a way that no water can run-off to effluent line. Development of green belt to mitigate air & noise pollution. Development of green belt improves the aesthetic value of surrounding environment. Employment Socio Direct & Indirect Direct Long Reversible Priority should be given to local people for Generation Economic Employment Positive Term working in production area as well as in generation transportation, unloading and other allied services.
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
CHAPTER 5 ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES –
5.1 DESCRIPTION OF EACH ALTERNATIVE
5.1.1 Alternative for Site Unit is located at Survey No. 167, Village – Ler, Nr. Bhujodi, Anjar Bhuj Highway, Bhuj, Dist – Kutch, State: Gujarat. The project location is determined by proximity to consumers and suppliers; suitability of transportation facilities and availability of existing infrastructure such as electric power, roads, telecommunications and water.
The project site is very well connected with other parts of the country by road & rail. Good communication and transportation facilities are available at this site. No National park or Wildlife Habitats falls within 10 km radial distance from project site.
As the existing premises is adequate for the proposed project activity, there will be no requirement of any other site.
5.1.2 Technology Alternative
Process Technology Alternatives:
Unit proposes to expand the production of existing product (Bleaching clay) from 12,000 MT/Month to 16,000 MT/Month within existing premises. Existing manufacturing process for production @ 12,000 MT/Month, wet & dry process is involved. After expansion, existing manufacturing process will remain same.
For additional production @ 4,000 MT/Month, only dry process will be involved. As unit shall carry out only drying and pulverizing activity, there shall be no any additional water consumption and wastewater generation.
Water Requirement and Its Alternative:
At present, water required for industrial and domestic purpose is sourced from Gujarat Water Infrastructure Limited (GWIL) & Borewell. For proposed additional production, there shall be no any water requirement.
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
Wastewater Treatment and Its Alternatives: At present, one ETP exists at the unit. Industrial wastewater generated from existing manufacturing process and other ancillary operation is allowed into in-house ETP (comprising of primary treatment facilities & RO plant) for treatment. RO permeate is reused in process & green belt development. RO rejected water is evaporated through solar evaporation pond. Domestic effluent is disposed in to existing Septic tank / Soak pit system.
There shall be no any additional Domestic & Industrial effluent generation to be occured due to proposed expansion as unit shall carry out only drying and pulverizing activity in which no water consumption and wastewater generation.
In proposed scrubber, treated effluent after adjusting pH to alkaline will be utilized and scrubbed waste water will be allowed in ETP for its further treatment.
Fuel Requirement & Its Alternative: At present, FO and Coal is used as fuel in Boiler & Dryer. HSD is used as fuel in D. G Set. After expansion, Coal will be used as fuel in proposed Boiler. Coal / Pet Coke will be used as fuel in proposed dryer.
To control the air emission, unit will install adequate air pollution control system and stack height.
5.2 SUMMARY OF ADVERSE IMPACTS OF EACH ALTERNATIVE
There shall be no necessity for the alternative analysis of the technology was observed as the technology/process mentioned for manufacturing of the proposed product is best suitable.
Moreover the unit is existing and has enough space and adequate infrastructure facilities for expansion of project so the existing site is best suitable for the expansion of project.
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
5.3 MITIGATION MEASURES PROPOSED FOR EACH ALTERNATIVE
As there is no alternative for proposed technology/process and project site, no mitigation measures envisaged.
5.4 SELECTION OF ALTERNATIVE
5.4.1 Site Selection: M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. is existing unit and has enough space for proposed expansion and also all basic facilities are available at site. Thus, it will become easier and economic for the management to expand the project. Therefore, there shall be no requirement of any other site for proposed expansion project.
5.4.2 Technology Selection: Table No. 5.1 given below summarizes the selected technology.
Table No. 5.1: Technology Selected
Present & Proposed Technology Alternatives Water Fresh Water Source: Gujarat Water Infrastructure Not Recommended as there shall Limited (GWIL) & Borewell be no any additional water requirement after expansion. Wastewater:
For existing production: Industrial wastewater No Alternatives. Unit is Zero generated is allowed into in-house ETP for Liquid Discharge. treatment. RO permeate is reused in process & green belt development. RO rejected water is evaporated through solar evaporation pond. Domestic effluent is disposed in to Septic tank / Soak pit system.
For proposed production: There shall be no any additional Domestic & Industrial effluent generation to be occurred due to proposed expansion. Hazardous Hazardous/Solid waste generated from the unit is As there is safe disposal facility / Solid stored in separate storage area and disposed to available, no thoughts for Waste TSDF site for secured land filling / disposed by switching to other alternative is selling to reusers. required.
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
CHAPTER – 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME
6.1 MEASUREMENT METHODOLOGIES
To know the effectiveness of environmental mitigation measures post project environmental monitoring program will be strictly followed as per statutory requirement. Energy meters will be provided to all air emission control systems to ensure effective operation of the control systems. Fugitive emissions will be monitored and CPCB regulation in this regard will be followed. All air emission control systems will be taken-up for maintenance as per prescribed dates and always ensure compliance with norms. Unit will also carry out stack monitoring and ambient air quality at regular intervals. This will also help in cross checking the performance of Pollution control systems implemented in the plant.
Various environmental samples will be collected and analyzed as per CPCB / MoEF guidelines.
Monitoring of the Air quality will be done by using High Volume Dust Sampler (HVS) & Fine
Particulate Sampler for monitoring of PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOX. Noise monitoring will be done using Sound Level Meter. Ground & surface water monitoring will be done as per guidelines and analysis will be done as per IS: 10500:2012 of drinking water or APHA (American Public Health Association). Soil monitoring will be conducted by making suspension of soil sample and analysis will be done by using standard method of soil analysis (APHA).
6.2 FREQUENCY, LOCATION, DATA ANALYSIS, REPORTING SCHEDULES, EMERGENCY PROCEDURES
6.2.1 Environmental Monitoring program
Environmental Monitoring program shall be as mentioned in Table No. 6.1;
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
Table No. 6.1: Environment Monitoring Plan
Frequency Sr. Activity Duration Parameters No. of Monitoring Air Pollution Monitoring
1. Ambient air monitoring of parameters specified by Quarterly 24 hours PM10, PM2.5,
GPCB in their air consent from time to time within the SOx, NOx premises.
2. Ambient air monitoring of parameters specified by Once in a 24 hours PM10, PM2.5,
GPCB in their air consents from time to time at four three month SOx, NOx stations outside the premises. Flue Gas Emission Monitoring 3. Stack monitoring of prescribed parameters as given in Quarterly -- As per CC&A air consent from time to time. condition Ambient Noise Monitoring 4. Ambient noise monitoring at periphery of project site Quarterly 08 hours Day & Night and near source of noise generation. in Leq Water & Wastewater Quality 5. Surface water quality within 10 km radius. Once in a Grab As per six month GPCB/MoEF specifications 6. Quality of Raw & Treated effluent Daily -- Basic parameters such as pH, TDS, COD, BOD, Temperature, Colour Monthly -- All parameters as per CC&A condition Work Place Environmental Monitoring
7. Illumination, Noise, Dusting, Acid Mist, SO2 Once in a At key As per Factory six month working Act, SPM, HC point 8. Eye, Lungs, Liver, Blood & Urine test Every year For all -- workers Hazardous Waste Generation Monitoring / Record Keeping 9. Records of generation, handling, storage, To be updated daily transportation and disposal of hazardous/solid wastes. Environmental Audit & Annual return Environmental statement under the EP (Act) 1986 & Once in a year 10. annual return of hazardous waste generation, handling & disposal.
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M/s. Ashapura Perfoclay Ltd. Envirocare Technocrats (P) Ltd. September-2017
6.2.2 REPORTING SCHEDULES OF THE MONITORING DATA
Voluntary reporting of environmental performance with reference to EMP will be undertaken. The in-charge of environment, health and safety department of the unit has to co-ordinate all monitoring programmes at site and data generated shall be submitted regularly to the statutory agencies. Frequency of reporting shall be done as per EC/CC&A/Factory Act to GPCB and Regional Office of MoEFCC.
6.3 DETAILED BUDGET & PROCUREMENT SCHEDULES
There shall be minimum budgetary allocation of Rs. 23.00 Lacs/Annum for expenditure towards the environmental monitoring & its management.
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