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Robert D. Hawkins
LEX OR A NDI LEX CREDENDI THE CON F ESSION al INDI ff ERENCE TO AL TITUDE Robert D. Hawkins t astounds me that, in the twenty-two years I have shared Catholics, as the Ritualists were known, formed the Church Iresponsibility for the liturgical formation of seminarians, of England Protection Society (1859), renamed the English I have heard Lutherans invoke the terms “high church” Church Union (1860), to challenge the authority of English and “low church” as if they actually describe with clar- civil law to determine ecclesiastical and liturgical practice.1 ity ministerial positions regarding worship. It is assumed The Church Association (1865) was formed to prosecute in that I am “high church” because I teach worship and know civil court the “catholic innovations.” Five Anglo-Catholic how to fire up a censer. On occasion I hear acquaintances priests were jailed following the 1874 enactment of the mutter vituperatively about “low church” types, apparently Public Worship Regulation Act for refusing to abide by civil ecclesiological life forms not far removed from amoebae. court injunctions regarding liturgical practices. Such prac- On the other hand, a history of the South Carolina Synod tices included the use of altar crosses, candlesticks, stoles included a passing remark about liturgical matters which with embroidered crosses, bowing, genuflecting, or the use historically had been looked upon in the region with no lit- of the sign of the cross in blessing their congregations.2 tle suspicion. It was feared upon my appointment, I sense, For readers whose ecclesiological sense is formed by that my supposed “high churchmanship” would distract notions about the separation of church and state, such the seminarians from the rigors of pastoral ministry into prosecution seems mind-boggling, if not ludicrous. -
The Two Folk Churches in Finland
The Two Folk Churches in Finland The 12th Finnish Lutheran-Orthodox Theological Discussions 2014 Publications of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland 29 The Church and Action The Two Folk Churches in Finland The 12th Finnish Lutheran-Orthodox Theological Discussions 2014 Publications of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland 29 The Church and Action National Church Council Department for International Relations Helsinki 2015 The Two Folk Churches in Finland The 12th Finnish Lutheran-Orthodox Theological Discussions 2014 © National Church Council Department for International Relations Publications of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland 29 The Church and Action Documents exchanged between the churches (consultations and reports) Tasknumber: 2015-00362 Editor: Tomi Karttunen Translator: Rupert Moreton Book design: Unigrafia/ Hanna Sario Layout: Emma Martikainen Photos: Kirkon kuvapankki/Arto Takala, Heikki Jääskeläinen, Emma Martikainen ISBN 978-951-789-506-4 (paperback) ISBN 978-951-789-507-1 (PDF) ISSN 2341-9393 (Print) ISSN 2341-9407 (Online) Unigrafia Helsinki 2015 CONTENTS Foreword ..................................................................................................... 5 THE TWELFTH THEOLOGICAL DISCUSSIONS BETWEEN THE EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH OF FINLAND AND THE ORTHODOX CHURCH OF FINLAND, 2014 Communiqué. ............................................................................................. 9 A Theological and Practical Overview of the Folk Church, opening speech Bishop Arseni ............................................................................................ -
Depictions of Laestadianism 1850–1950
ROALD E. KRISTIANSEN Depictions of Laestadianism 1850–1950 DOI: https://doi.org/10.30664/ar.87789 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) he issue to be discussed here is how soci- country. Until 1905, Norway was united ety’s views of the Laestadian revival has with Sweden, and so what happened in changed over the course of the revival T Sweden was also important for Norway. movement’s first 100 years. The article claims that society’s emerging view of the revival is This was even the case for a fairly long time characterized by two different positions. The first after 1905, especially with regard to a reli period is typical of the last part of the nineteenth gious movement that united people from century and is characterized by the fact that three Nordic countries (Sweden, Finland the evaluation of the revival took as its point of departure the instigator of the revival, Lars Levi and Norway). Laestadius (1800–61). The characteristic of Laes- The Laestadian revival originated in tadius himself would, it was thought, be char- northern Sweden during the late 1840s, acteristic of the movement he had instigated. and was led by the parish minister of Kare During this first period, the revival was sharply criticized. This negative attitude gradually suando, Lars Levi Læstadius (1800–61). changed from the turn of the century onwards. Within a few years, the revival spread The second period is characterized by greater to the neighbouring countries Finland openness towards understanding the revival on and Norway. In Norway, most parishes its own premises. -
Aspects of Anglicanism
Aspects of Anglicanism Today's Church & Today's World G. J. C. MARCHANT Section VI After the wide-ranging symposium of the articles in the previous five sections, the final three essays of Section VI face a question both elusive and challenging. What is Anglicanism, that we have been surveying in all its breadth and length? The question might be regarded as exhibiting those anxiety traits that have caused almost all institutions, assumptions and principles-social, moral or religious-to be re-examined rigorously during the post-war decades. Anyone actually flying in a plane, while perhaps wondering whether the wings will stay on, is hardly likely to ask whether it is working correctly to aerodynamic principles. The nagging introspective enquiry that keeps surfacing in these three last articles is, however, of this order: not whether Anglicanism is wise or right in this or that; nor what might be new approaches, formulations, realignments, growth points or other developmental themes. These of course are there. But the real matter that underlies the three is: What is peculiar, native, identifying, about Anglican churchmanship, now that it has spread beyond the Anglo Saxon, British racial origins to embrace great provinces of Asian, African and South American peoples? It is more explicit in the first of the three articles, 'On Being Anglican', by Bishop Stephen Neill; and it is obviously haunting the third by Bishop John Howe, the Secretary-General of the Anglican Consultative Council (ACC) in his 'Anglican Patterns'; but it is also iJnplicit in the discussion by Bishop Oliver Tomkins in the second, 'Anglican Christianity and Ecumenism'. -
The Anglo-Catholic Tradition in Australian Anglicanism Dr David
The Anglo-Catholic Tradition in Australian Anglicanism Dr David Hilliard Reader in History, Flinders University Adelaide, Australia Anglicanism in Australia has had many Anglo-Catholics but no single version of Anglo-Catholicism.1 Anglo-Catholics have comprised neither a church nor a sect, nor have they been a tightly organised party. Within a framework of common ideas about the apostolic succession, the sacraments and the central role of ‘the Church’ in mediating salvation, they were, and remain, diverse in outlook, with few organs or institutions to link them together and to promote common goals. Since the mid-nineteenth century, in Australia as in England, two very different trends in the movement can be identified. There were Anglo- Catholics who were primarily concerned with personal religion and the relationship of the individual soul to God, and those, influenced by Incarnational theology, who were concerned to draw out the implications of the Catholic 1 Published works on Anglo-Catholicism in Australia include: Brian Porter (ed.), Colonial Tractarians: The Oxford Movement in Australia (Melbourne, 1989); Austin Cooper, ‘Newman—The Oxford Movement—Australia’, in B.J. Lawrence Cross (ed.), Shadows and Images: The Papers of the Newman Centenary Symposium, Sydney, August 1979 (Melbourne, 1981), pp. 99-113; Colin Holden, ‘Awful Happenings on the Hill’: E.S. Hughes and Melbourne Anglo-Catholicism before the War (Melbourne, 1992) and From Tories at Prayer to Socialists at Mass: St Peter’s, Eastern Hill, Melbourne, 1846-1990 (Melbourne, 1996); Colin Holden (ed.), Anglo-Catholicism in Melbourne: Papers to Mark the 150th Anniversary of St Peter’s, Eastern Hill, 1846-1996 (Melbourne, 1997); L.C Rodd, John Hope of Christ Church St Laurence: A Sydney Church Era (Sydney 1972); Ruth Teale, ‘The “Red Book” Case’, Journal of Religious History, vol. -
Reproduced by Permission on Project Canterbury, 2006 HIGH CHURCH VARIETIES Continuity and Discontinui
HIGH CHURCH VARIETIES Continuity and Discontinuity in Anglican Catholic Thought MATTIJS PLOEGER Westcott House, Cambridge, 1998 Originally published as: Mattijs Ploeger, High Church Varieties: Three Essays on Continuity and Discontinuity in Nineteenth-Century Anglican Catholic Thought (Publicatiereeks Stichting Oud-Katholiek Seminarie, volume 36), Amersfoort NL: Stichting Oud-Katholiek Boekhuis, Sliedrecht NL: Merweboek, 2001. For other volumes of the Publication Series of the Old Catholic Seminary, see www.okkn.nl/?b=494. For this 2006 internet edition the author has integrated the original three essays into one text consisting of three chapters. The Revd Mattijs Ploeger, M.A, studied at the Theological Faculty of Leiden University and the Old Catholic Seminary at Utrecht University (the Netherlands). Additionally he spent five months at the Anglican theological college Westcott House, Cambridge (United Kingdom), where the present text was written. In 1999 he was ordained to the diaconate and the presbyterate in the Old Catholic diocese of Haarlem (the Netherlands), where he serves as a parish priest. Fr Matt is a member of several ecumenical liturgical organisations in the Netherlands and is preparing a dissertation on liturgical/eucharistic ecclesiology at Utrecht University. He has published articles in the Dutch liturgical journal Eredienstvaardig and in the Old Catholic theological quarterly Internationale Kirchliche Zeitschrift. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to express his gratitude to the Archbishop of Utrecht, the Most Revd Dr Antonius Jan Glazemaker, and the Bishop of Haarlem, the Rt Revd Dr Jan-Lambert Wirix- Speetjens, who allowed him to study at the Anglican theological college of Westcott House, Cambridge, during Easter Term and the summer of 1998. -
The Formula of Concord As a Model for Discourse in the Church
21st Conference of the International Lutheran Council Berlin, Germany August 27 – September 2, 2005 The Formula of Concord as a Model for Discourse in the Church Robert Kolb The appellation „Formula of Concord“ has designated the last of the symbolic or confessional writings of the Lutheran church almost from the time of its composition. This document was indeed a formulation aimed at bringing harmony to strife-ridden churches in the search for a proper expression of the faith that Luther had proclaimed and his colleagues and followers had confessed as a liberating message for both church and society fifty years earlier. This document is a formula, a written document that gives not even the slightest hint that it should be conveyed to human ears instead of human eyes. The Augsburg Confession had been written to be read: to the emperor, to the estates of the German nation, to the waiting crowds outside the hall of the diet in Augsburg. The Apology of the Augsburg Confession, it is quite clear from recent research,1 followed the oral form of judicial argument as Melanchthon presented his case for the Lutheran confession to a mythically yet neutral emperor; the Apology was created at the yet not carefully defined border between oral and written cultures. The Large Catechism reads like the sermons from which it was composed, and the Small Catechism reminds every reader that it was written to be recited and repeated aloud. The Formula of Concord as a „Binding Summary“ of Christian Teaching In contrast, the „Formula of Concord“ is written for readers, a carefully- crafted formulation for the theologians and educated lay people of German Lutheran churches to ponder and study. -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses The early history of the Roman Catholic schools in Norway 1860-1924 Littlewood, Alan How to cite: Littlewood, Alan (1983) The early history of the Roman Catholic schools in Norway 1860-1924, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/7585/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk THE EARLY HISTORY OF THE ROMAN CATHOLIC SCHOOLS IN NORWAY 1860-1924 by Alan Littlewood, Thesis for the Degree of Master of Education March 1983. The copyright of this thesis rests with the author. No quotation from it should be published without his prior written consent and information derived from it should be acknowledged. •5. JAN ^9B4 I. Alan Littlewood. - ^; ., The Early History of the Roman Catholic Schools in Norway 1860-1924 Thesis for the Degree of Master of Education March 1983. -
19Th Century Laestadian (Apostolic) Ministers in the United States
19th Century Laestadian (Apostolic) Ministers in the United States In the mid-1840's, Swedish-Saami preacher and botanist Lars-Levi Laestadius experienced a spiritual awakening while ministering in Northern Sweden. Word began to spread about his sermons, and the Laestadian revival spread throughout Lapland and later to all parts of Scandinavia as well as Western Russia. Because many of the early Finnish immigrants of the Copper and Iron Ranges of Michigan and Minnesota came from Finnish and Norwegian Lapland, Laestadianism also found a strong foothold in the United States. Laestadian churches would later be founded in other Finnish population centers of the United States. While, historically, the Laestadian movement often worked within the official Lutheran churches in Scandinavia, American adherents formed their own congregations which were not part of the larger Suomi Synod or LCA/ELCA (Evangelical Lutheran Church of America) churches. Today there are many different divisions of Laestadianism in Europe, which sometimes correspond with the many different factions of the revival movement in the United States, which includes Apostolic Lutheran, Old Apostolic Lutheran, First Apostolic Lutheran, independent churches, and the Laestadian Lutheran Church of America. In 1967, the Suomen Kirkkohistoriallinen Seura (Historical Society of Finnish Churches) issued its publication No. 74: Lestadiolaisuuden matrikkeli ja bibliografia (Laestadian [Minister] Index and Bibliography), written and compiled by Pekka Raittila. The Matrikkeli index is titled 1800-luvun Lestadiolaisia saarnaajia, or 19th Century Laestadian Ministers/Preachers/Speakers and includes a seperate index for leaders of the movement titled Matrikkeli B: 1800-luvun Lestadiolaisia pappeja ja ei-saarnaajia. The index includes 646 names, all meticulously researched and sourced. -
The Lutheran Reformation's Formula of Concord
CONCORDIA THEOLOGICAL QUARTERLY Volume 43, Number'4 JUNE 1979 Discord, Dialogue, and Concord: The Lutheran Reformation's Formula of Concord.... ;. Lewis W. Spitz 183 Higher Criticism and the Incarnation in The Thought of I.A. Dorner ......... John M. Ilrickamer I97 The Quranic Christ .................................... C. George Fry 207 Theological Observer ...........................................................222 Book Reviews .................................................................... 226 Books Received .................................................................... 250 Discord. Dialogue, and Concord: I83 Discord, Dialogue, and Concord The Lutheran Reformation's Formula of Concord Lewis W. Spitz The Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, observing the religious strife of the day, commented sardonically, "How absurd to try to m@e two men think alike on matters of religion, when I cannot make two timepieces agree!" Since his day the choris of religious belief and opinion has become increasingly cacaphonous, so that the celebration of the four hundredth anniversary of the Formu- la of Concord, a confession which restored a good measure of harmony to a strife-ridden segment of the church, is an event of deep significance. Commemorations of Protestant confessions have at times in the past been not merely devout, but also parti- san, sentimental, monumental, and even self-congratulatory or triumphalist, but ours must be done in a more reflective and analytical mood. The church of the Reformation, too, may bene- fit from reform and renewal. In the Ft-unkfurter gelehrten Anzeiger (1 772) Goethe mocked the iconoclastic zeal of the "en- lightened reformers" of his day, who were even urging the reform of Lutheranism. But, as Luther himself realized, such great things are not in the hands of man, but of God. -
Durham E-Theses
Durham E-Theses The high Church tradition in Ireland 1800-1870 with particular reference to John Jebb and Alexander Knox Thompson, Michael James How to cite: Thompson, Michael James (1992) The high Church tradition in Ireland 1800-1870 with particular reference to John Jebb and Alexander Knox, Durham theses, Durham University. Available at Durham E-Theses Online: http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5713/ Use policy The full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-prot purposes provided that: • a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in Durham E-Theses • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders. Please consult the full Durham E-Theses policy for further details. Academic Support Oce, Durham University, University Oce, Old Elvet, Durham DH1 3HP e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +44 0191 334 6107 http://etheses.dur.ac.uk 2 M.J. Thompson: The High Church Tradition in Ireland, 1800-1870, with particular reference to John Jebb and Alexander Knox. (Thesis for the M.A. Degree, 1992) ABSTRACT This is a critical enquiry into the widely held belief that the doctrines of pre-Tractarian High Church Anglicanism have exercised a specially tena• cious hold on the Church of Ireland. Chapter 1 surveys the tradition as developed in the 17th and 18th centuries, but also examines the peculiarity of a Church established by law in a land the majority of whose people adhered to other Christian bodies. -
Anglican Choral Evensong and the Church of Norway: Aspects of Integration and Worship Practice
Anglican Choral Evensong and the Church of Norway: Aspects of Integration and Worship Practice Dissertation in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Experience-based Master in Church Music Programme Jo Coldicott Dalene Supervised by David Scott Hamnes and Karin Nelson. Submitted 15th May 2020 at the Norwegian Academy of Music, Oslo. Abstract Anglican choral Evensong was introduced into the Church of Norway in the late 1960s by Norwegian church musicians. The inspiration for this came from high quality performances in English cathedrals and university colleges; these were the primary encountered sources. Evensong is also widely practised by parish church choirs across the UK and the Anglican Communion and has several recognised and established variations. Only a limited range was introduced to Norway so that current practice does not reflect the full breadth of Evensong from the Church of England. The purpose of this study is four-fold. It is undertaken in order to understand the context into which Evensong is now placed, how the process of introducing Evensong has taken place, through an examination of the changes to the liturgy and performance practice which have occurred, and finally, it is an exploration of possibilities leading to further integration, so that it might be incorporated into the liturgical tradition of the Church of Norway. The material in this investigation is gathered from secondary and empirical sources, including interviews and personal experiences, and information from relevant literature regarding liturgical history. A practical project was set up to explore ideas about choral repertoire and musical identity which could assist in the progression of integration.