TURKEY, YEAR 2018: Update on incidents according to the Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED) compiled by ACCORD, 10 June 2020

Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality Number of reported fatalities

National borders: GADM, November 2015a; administrative divisions: GADM, November 2015b; in- cident data: ACLED, 6 June 2020; coastlines and inland waters: Smith and Wessel, 1 May 2015 , YEAR 2018: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 10 JUNE 2020

Contents Conflict incidents by category

Number of Number of reported fatalities 1 Number of Number of Category incidents with at incidents fatalities Number of reported incidents with at least one fatality 1 least one fatality Protests 632 0 0 Conflict incidents by category 2 Battles 560 408 1638 Development of conflict incidents from 2016 to 2018 2 Explosions / Remote 148 83 254 violence Methodology 3 Strategic developments 132 2 8 Conflict incidents per province 4 Violence against civilians 84 19 28 Riots 58 0 0 Localization of conflict incidents 5 Total 1614 512 1928 Disclaimer 10 This table is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 6 June 2020).

Development of conflict incidents from 2016 to 2018

This graph is based on data from ACLED (datasets used: ACLED, 6 June 2020).

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Methodology on what level of detail is reported. Thus, towns may represent the wider region in which an incident occured, or the provincial capital may be used if only the province The data used in this report was collected by the Armed Conflict Location & Event is known. Erroneous location data, especially due to identical place names, cannot Data Project (ACLED). ACLED collects data on reported conflict events in selected be fully excluded. African and Asian countries, Turkey being among them. ACLED researchers collect event data from a variety of sources and code them by date, location, agent, and Incidents comprise the following categories: battles, headquarters or bases es- event type. tablished, non-violent strategic activities, riots/protests, violence against civilians, non-violent transfer of territory, remote violence. For details on these categories, Most of the data collected by ACLED is gathered based on publicly available, please see secondary reports. It may therefore underestimate the volume of events. Fatality data particularly is vulnerable to bias and inaccurate reporting, and ACLED states • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Armed Conflict to use the most conservative estimate available. ACLED uses the reports’ context Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) Codebook (2019), 10 April 2019a to estimate fatalities for events with reported fatalities for which the exact number https://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2017/10/ is unknown (“10” for plural fatalities, “100” if “hundreds” are mentioned, etc.). ACLED_Codebook_2019FINAL_pbl.pdf For further details on ACLED and for the full data, see www.acleddata.com and Raleigh; Linke; Hegre, and Karlsen, 2010. • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project (ACLED) User Quick Guide, April 2019b Based on this data, the Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research https://www.acleddata.com/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2019/04/ and Documentation (ACCORD) compiles updates on conflict incidents and pub- General-User-Guide_FINAL.pdf lishes them on ecoi.net to offer another access point to the ACLED datasets. • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: FAQs: ACLED Fatality It is advised to employ extreme caution when using fatality numbers. Methodology, 27 January 2020 https://www.acleddata.com/download/17979/ Assessments of the security situation should not be based solely on quantitative analysis of event data.

Geographic map data is primarily based on GADM, complemented with other sources if necessary. Incidents are mapped to GADM provinces using the provinces in ACLED data. Province names and borders may differ between ACLED and GADM. Incidents that could not be located are ignored. The numbers included in this overview might therefore differ from the original ACLED data. ACLED uses varying degrees of geographic precision for the individual incidents, depending

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Number of Conflict incidents per province Number of Number of Province incidents with incidents fatalities Number of fatalities Number of Number of Province incidents with Denizli 4 0 0 incidents fatalities fatalities Diyarbakir 74 38 100 Adana 11 0 0 Duzce 3 0 0 Adiyaman 11 4 6 Edirne 5 0 0 Afyonkarahisar 3 0 0 Elazig 8 0 0 Agri 40 28 186 Erzincan 8 4 8 Amasya 3 0 0 Erzurum 8 3 7 Ankara 317 0 0 Eskisehir 3 0 0 Antalya 6 0 0 Gaziantep 6 0 0 Ardahan 2 0 0 7 5 12 Artvin 3 0 0 Gumushane 6 3 8 Aydin 8 1 1 Hakkari 253 173 817 Balikesir 3 0 0 Hatay 27 13 35 Batman 18 7 19 179 3 3 Bayburt 1 0 0 Izmir 22 0 0 Bilecik 1 0 0 Iğdır 16 7 21 Bingöl 21 13 35 Kahramanmaras 2 1 2 26 13 48 Karabük 3 0 0 Bolu 6 0 0 Karaman 1 0 0 Bursa 12 0 0 Kars 11 6 35 Canakkale 2 0 0 Kayseri 3 0 0 Cankiri 1 0 0

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Number of Number of Number of Number of Number of Number of Province incidents with Province incidents with incidents fatalities incidents fatalities fatalities fatalities Kilis 13 2 3 Sirnak 144 82 266 Kirikkale 3 0 0 Sivas 6 0 0 Kirklareli 4 0 0 Tekirdag 3 0 0 Kirsehir 1 0 0 Tokat 3 0 0 Kocaeli 13 0 0 Trabzon 2 0 0 Konya 4 0 0 64 28 95 Kutahya 1 0 0 Usak 1 0 0 Malatya 6 0 0 Van 39 12 23 Manisa 11 0 0 Yozgat 2 0 0 Mardin 30 18 36 Zonguldak 1 0 0 Mersin 12 0 0 Mugla 6 0 0 Localization of conflict incidents Mus 6 2 7 Nevsehir 2 0 0 Note: The following list is an overview of the incident data included in the ACLED Ordu 1 0 0 dataset. More details are available in the actual dataset (date, location data, event Osmaniye 8 3 13 type, involved actors, information sources, etc.). The data’s precision varies among Rize 4 0 0 the incidents: a town may represent a region, or the provincial capital may be Sakarya 2 1 1 used if the precise location of an incident is unkown. In the following list, the names Samsun 4 0 0 of event locations are taken from ACLED, while the administrative region names are taken from GADM data which serves as the basis for the maps above. Sanliurfa 28 3 28 46 39 113 In Adana, 11 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Adana, Mumunlu, Saricam, Seyhan, Yuregir.

In Adiyaman, 11 incidents killing 6 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Adiyaman, Celikhan, Komur, Kuyucak.

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In Afyonkarahisar, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following In Bayburt, 1 incident killing 0 people was reported. The following location was locations were among the affected: Afyonkarahisar, Burmali. among the affected: Zahit.

In Agri, 40 incidents killing 186 people were reported. The following locations In Bilecik, 1 incident killing 0 people was reported. The following location was were among the affected: Agri, Demirkapi, Diyadin, Dogubeyazit, Gungoren, among the affected: Vezirhan. Gurbulak, Patnos, Patnos L Type Prison, Tendurek Mountain. In Bingöl, 21 incidents killing 35 people were reported. The following locations In Amasya, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Adakli, Asagikoy, Bahcelievler, Bingol, Buyukcag, were among the affected: Amasya, Suluova. Dallitepe, Genc, Kabayel, Karliova, Sudugunu, Yedisu.

In Ankara, 317 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations In Bitlis, 26 incidents killing 48 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Altindag, Ankara, Cankaya, Eryaman, Kazan, were among the affected: Bitlis, , Horozdere, Kapakli, Karaagac, Mutki, Kecioren, Kizilay, Mamak, Mesrutiyet, Sincan, Yenimahalle. , Yukariolek, Zeydan.

In Antalya, 6 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations In Bolu, 6 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location was were among the affected: Alanya, Antalya, Serik. among the affected: Bolu.

In Ardahan, 2 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location In Bursa, 12 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations was among the affected: Ardahan. were among the affected: Bursa, Gemlik, Inegol, Karacabey, Osmangazi, Sehrekustu. In Artvin, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Dere, Hopa. In Canakkale, 2 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Canakkale, Kizilelma. In Aydin, 8 incidents killing 1 person were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Aydin, Didim, Efeler, Guzelhisar, Kizilcakoy. In Cankiri, 1 incident killing 0 people was reported. The following location was among the affected: Cankiri. In Balikesir, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Bandirma, Bandirma Type T Prison, Edremit. In Denizli, 4 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Honaz, Kale, Selcuk Bey. In Batman, 18 incidents killing 19 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Batman, Cevrimova, Gercus, Gumusorgu, In Diyarbakir, 74 incidents killing 100 people were reported. The following Hasankeyf, Kelhasan, Kumlupinar, Sason. locations were among the affected: Birlik, Citlibahce, Demirli, Dernek, Dicle,

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Diyarbakir, Ergani, Hani, Hazro, Hedik, Kayapinar, Kulp, Lice, Ortulu, Sehitlik, Cevizli, Ceylanli, Cigli, Cobanpinar, Cukurca, Daglica, Degerli, Derecik, Guven Senlik, Silvan, Topcular, Ulgen, Yalimli, Yenisehir. Mountain, Hakkari, Kavakli, Kirikdag, Meselik, Onbasilar, Semdinli, Uguracan, Uzundere, Yuksekova, Yurekli. In Duzce, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Akcakoca, Duzce. In Hatay, 27 incidents killing 35 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Akbez, Arsuz, Dortyol, Gultepe, Hassa, Hatay, In Edirne, 5 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location was Iskenderun, Kaledibi, Kaletepe, Kirikhan, Ozyoruk, Payas, Reyhanli, among the affected: Edirne. Yayladagi.

In Elazig, 8 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were In Istanbul, 179 incidents killing 3 people were reported. The following locations among the affected: Elazig, Kovancilar. were among the affected: Adalar, Arnavutkoy, Atasehir, Avcilar, Bagcilar, Bahcelievler, Bakirkoy, Bayrampasa, Besiktas, Beyazit, Beylikduezue, Beyoglu, In Erzincan, 8 incidents killing 8 people were reported. The following locations Buyukcekmece, Esenler, Esenyurt, Fatih, Gungoren, Hadimkoy, Istanbul, were among the affected: Erzincan, Kemah, Sandik, Tatlisu. Kadikoy, Kartal, Maltepe, Sariyer, Silivri, Silivri Prison, Sisli, Sultanbeyli, Tuzla, Umraniye, Uskudar, Zeytinburnu. In Erzurum, 8 incidents killing 7 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Erzurum, Geventepe, Karacoban, Toptepe. In Izmir, 22 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Bayrakli, Bornova, Buca, Cesme, Cigli, Dikili, Izmir, Konak, In Eskisehir, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations Odemis. were among the affected: Eskisehir, Odunpazari. In Iğdır, 16 incidents killing 21 people were reported. The following locations In Gaziantep, 6 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Aralik, Ararat Mountain, Baglar, Igdir. were among the affected: Gaziantep, Sehitkamil.

In Giresun, 7 incidents killing 12 people were reported. The following locations In Kahramanmaras, 2 incidents killing 2 people were reported. The following were among the affected: , , Guce, Gulluce, Yaglidere. locations were among the affected: Caglayancerit, Kilili.

In Gumushane, 6 incidents killing 8 people were reported. The following locations In Karabük, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Baglarbasi, Kurtun, Uctas. were among the affected: Karabuk, Safranbolu, Yenice.

In Hakkari, 253 incidents killing 817 people were reported. The following In Karaman, 1 incident killing 0 people was reported. The following location was locations were among the affected: Akbulut, Altinsu, Buyukciftlik, Catalca, among the affected: Karaman.

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In Kars, 11 incidents killing 35 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Akhisar, Caferbey, Manisa, Turgutlu. were among the affected: Erdagi, Kagizman, Kars, Kilittasi, Sarikamis. In Mardin, 30 incidents killing 36 people were reported. The following locations In Kayseri, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Dargecit, Dibek, Kiziltepe, Mardin, Midyat, were among the affected: Bunyan, Kocasinan, Melikgazi. Nusaybin, Omerli, Sumer.

In Kilis, 13 incidents killing 3 people were reported. The following locations were In Mersin, 12 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations among the affected: Asit, Kazim Karabekir, Kilis, Oncupinar, Sih Mehmet, were among the affected: Akdeniz, Anamur, Cavuslu, Mersin, Tarsus, Sungutepe, Tekye. Yenisehir.

In Kirikkale, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations In Mugla, 6 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were were among the affected: Bahsili, Kirikkale, Kirikkale F Type Prison. among the affected: Bodrum, Datca, Kotekli, Marmaris, Mugla.

In Kirklareli, 4 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations In Mus, 6 incidents killing 7 people were reported. The following locations were were among the affected: Inece, Kirklareli, Luleburgaz. among the affected: Mus, Tatargazi, Yilanli.

In Kirsehir, 1 incident killing 0 people was reported. The following location was In Nevsehir, 2 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location among the affected: Kirsehir. was among the affected: Nevsehir.

In Kocaeli, 13 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations In Ordu, 1 incident killing 0 people was reported. The following location was were among the affected: Dilovasi, Gebze, Golcuk, Izmit, Kandira, Kocaeli. among the affected: Ordu.

In Konya, 4 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were In Osmaniye, 8 incidents killing 13 people were reported. The following locations among the affected: Konya, Sukran. were among the affected: Haci Osmanli, Hasanbeyli, Kadirli, Osmaniye.

In Kutahya, 1 incident killing 0 people was reported. The following location was In Rize, 4 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location was among the affected: Kutahya. among the affected: Rize.

In Malatya, 6 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations In Sakarya, 2 incidents killing 1 person were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Battalgazi, Hamidiye, Hekimhan, Malatya. were among the affected: Cumhuriyet, Hendek.

In Manisa, 11 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations In Samsun, 4 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following location was

8 TURKEY, YEAR 2018: UPDATE ON INCIDENTS ACCORDING TO THE ARMED CONFLICT LOCATION & EVENT DATA PROJECT (ACLED) COMPILED BY ACCORD, 10 JUNE 2020 among the affected: Samsun. Nazimiye, Ovacik, Pulumur, Ramazankoy, Saritas, Tunceli.

In Sanliurfa, 28 incidents killing 28 people were reported. The following locations In Usak, 1 incident killing 0 people was reported. The following location was were among the affected: Akcakale, Birecik, Ceylanpinar, Halfeti, Hilvan, among the affected: Usak. Sanliurfa, Siverek, Suruc. In Van, 39 incidents killing 23 people were reported. The following locations were In Siirt, 46 incidents killing 113 people were reported. The following locations among the affected: Bahcesaray, Baskale, Caldiran, Catak, Elemegi, Ercis, were among the affected: Akmese, Bahcelievler, , Erenler, , Gurpinar, Ipekyolu, Kacit, Lisek, Van. Gedikasar, Herekol Mountain, Meselik, Meydandere, Ormanardi, Pervari, Siirt, Sirvan. In Yozgat, 2 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Sorgun, Yozgat. In Sirnak, 144 incidents killing 266 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Ataturk, Beytussebap, Bozalan, Caliskan, In Zonguldak, 1 incident killing 0 people was reported. The following location was Cevizagaci, Cizre, Cumhuriyet, Demirbogaz, Dereler, Dogan, Gabar among the affected: Caycuma. Mountain, Gormec, Guclukonak, Guneyce, Gunyuzu, Haberli, Idil, Ikizce, Judi Mountain, Kato Mountain, Kirkkuyu, Kurelidag Mountain, Senoba, Silopi, Sirnak, Uludere, Yesiloz.

In Sivas, 6 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Mursal, Sivas.

In Tekirdag, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Marmaraereglisi, Muratli, Suleymanpasa.

In Tokat, 3 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Tokat, Tokat Type T Prison.

In Trabzon, 2 incidents killing 0 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Besikduzu, Iskenderpasa.

In Tunceli, 64 incidents killing 95 people were reported. The following locations were among the affected: Balpayam, Cemisgezek, Cicekli, , Mazgirt,

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Sources please see the ecoi.net blog posts tagged with “ACLED”. The lack of information on an event in this report does not permit the inference that it did not take place. • ACLED – Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project: Middle East (Data The boundaries and names displayed do not imply endorsement or acceptance through 6 June 2020), 6 June 2020 by the Austrian Red Cross. https://www.acleddata.com/download/2915/

• GADM – Global Administrative Areas: gadm28_levels.shp, Version 2.8, Cite as November 2015a http://biogeo.ucdavis.edu/data/gadm2.8/gadm28_levels.shp.zip • ACCORD – Austrian Centre for Country of Origin & Asylum Research and Documentation: Turkey, year 2018: Update on incidents according to the • GADM – Global Administrative Areas: TUR_adm.zip, Version 2.8, November Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project (ACLED), 10 June 2020 2015b https://biogeo.ucdavis.edu/data/gadm2.8/shp/TUR_adm_shp.zip

• Raleigh, Clionadh; Linke, Andrew; Hegre, Håvard, and Karlsen, Joakim: “In- troducing ACLED-Armed Conflict Location and Event Data”, in: Journal of Peace Research (47(5) 2010 ), pp. 651–660 http://jpr.sagepub.com/content/47/5/651.full.pdf+html

• Smith, Walter H. F. and Wessel, Paul: Global Self-consistent Hierarchical High-resolution Geography (GSHHG), Version 2.3.4, 1 May 2015 https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/mgg/shorelines/data/gshhg/latest/

Disclaimer

Event data may be revised or complemented in future updates. Updates in ACLED’s datasets will not necessarily be reflected in ACCORD’s reports if the update occurs close to or after the latter’s publication. Changes in the sources used by ACLEDto collect incident data might affect the comparability of data over time. For more information on ACLED’s methodology, please see www.acleddata.com/resources/ methodology/. For more information on ACCORD’s products based on the data,

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