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Martial Arts of the World Martial Arts of the World An Encyclopedia Volume One: A–Q Edited by Thomas A. Green Santa Barbara, California Denver, Colorado Oxford, England Copyright © 2001 by Thomas A. Green All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Martial arts of the world: an encyclopedia / [edited] by Thomas A. Green. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-57607-150-2 (hardcover: alk. paper); 1-57607-556-7 (ebook) 1. Martial arts—Encyclopedias. I. Green, Thomas A., 1944– GV1101.M29 2001 796.8'03—dc21 2001002823 06 05 04 03 02 01 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an e-book. Visit abc-clio.com for details. ABC-CLIO, Inc. 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper I. Manufactured in the United States of America Contents Editorial Board, ix Contributor List, xi Introduction, xv A Note on Romanization, xix Martial Arts of the World: An Encyclopedia Volume 1: A–Q Dueling, 97 Africa and African America, 1 Aikidô, 12 Europe, 109 Animal and Imitative Systems External vs. Internal Chinese in Chinese Martial Arts, 16 Martial Arts, 119 Archery, Japanese, 18 Folklore in the Martial Arts, 123 Baguazhang
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