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Abbeys & Holy Grounds of County Down Abbeys & Holy Grounds of County Down A short guide to some important Ecclesiastical sites in County Down 2 | P a g e Abbeys and Holy Grounds of County Down 3 | P a g e Abbeys and Holy Grounds of County Down is a North Down Community Network project funded by the National Lottery through the Heritage Lottery Fund, to whom we are extremely grateful North Down Community Network North Down Community Resource Centre, 5 Castle Park Road, Bangor, County Down, BT20 4TF 028 9146 1386 www.ndcn.co.uk Abbeys and Holy Grounds of County Down 4 | P a g e Forward So rarely do we lift our heads from the busy lives we lead and appreciate the people, places and history that has gone before us. I am a relatively new resident to County Down, and haven’t yet taken the time to explore the place I now call home. From Movilla Abbey to Struell Wells and on to Newry Cathedral, I would imagine that most people struggle to find, or take the time, to look beyond the name and facade of many of the buildings we pass by each day, and truly appreciate the interesting and sometimes even majestic stories and legends attached to these places. The gentle relaxed nature of this introduction, feels like the reader is being taken by the hand and shown a series of little treasures which have been discovered. My personal favourite in the guide, is legend of “Vallis Angelorum” – the Valley of the Angels, in which a holy place was built called Benchor, which is now our present day Bangor. Who would have thought that the site of Bangor could have been as a result of a valley filled with a heavenly light. So if you are indigenous to Down, a native ‘Bangorien’, or a ‘blow in’ like me, I urge you to read on and enjoy the gentle introduction this guide to the Abbeys and Holy Grounds of County Down provides. Maybe we all will appreciate this place we call home a little bit more. Enjoy. Thanks and congratulations to each and every participant for developing the idea into such a valuable project and for all your time, enthusiasm and care in translating your clearly heartfelt experiences into such a warm and welcoming guide. Thank you for inspiring, and inviting others to discover more. Louise Little, Manager, North Down Community Network Abbeys and Holy Grounds of County Down 5 | P a g e Preface Abbeys and Holy Grounds of County Down makes no claim of being a full or comprehensive study of the religious or ecclesiastical heritage of the region. Rather, it is a journey, undertaken by a group of people from Bangor, interested in built heritage, archaeology, art and learning together. During the glorious summer of 2013 the participants researched, explored, and shared their experiences of some of the most celebrated holy sites in the County and learned about the saints and scholars who did so much to spread Christianity throughout Ireland and beyond. They recorded digital images on their travels and these form the basis of the pictorial content of this slim volume. This then, is a textual and pictorial recollection of that journey. Images taken along the way are presented with a little poetic license. Some of the pictures included are reproductions of drypoint prints that a number of the participants fabricated as part of the creative learning process. The text which appears at the beginning of some headings are the poetic reflections of the participants after visiting the sites. The information on each of the sites, as it is produced herein, is based on research undertaken by the participants who trawled through websites, leaflets, books and the wisdom imparted by tour guides, as well as their own knowledge and recollection of the stories they have heard. The information is produced in good faith but has no claim on originality or authenticity. The sources from which the information was gained are listed in the acknowledgements. We hope you enjoy this book and that you might even be inspired to make your own journey. We are extremely grateful to the Heritage Lottery fund for supporting the project. Abbeys and Holy Grounds of County Down 6 | P a g e Bangor Abbey Abbeys and Holy Grounds of County Down 7 | P a g e Passing Thoughts Passing the beautiful old trees of Castle Park, Past St Malachy's wall, there stands proud Bangor Abbey, where Christians have worshipped for hundreds of years. I enter the Abbey grounds through the arch from where a row of old, thatched cottages used to stand and is now the car park. The graveyard to the left, the Abbey right. I pass the grave of Edward Simpson, Ship surgeon on the Titanic, Lost on the 15th April 1912. More graves beneath the 19th century tower, housing the clock, Propping up the tall steeple that this evening, Will be beautifully illuminated. Nothing remains of the early monastic settlement of fifteen hundred years ago. Perhaps nothing will remain of the present edifice in as many years from now. But it looks so rigid, With its robust doors and heavy gold-painted handles and hinges. But it is closed to me today. I can only marvel at the stained-glass windows, from the outside, Stunning in the summer sun. It is said that you are only a Bangorian, If you have ancestors buried in the Abbey. For a blow-in such as I, there seems little chance of that. I wonder through the gravestones which hold so many secrets and chanced upon a parishioner, Diligently cataloguing the graves. Her stories bringing the graveyard to life. Reverent amongst the headstones, all different styles, From marble to stone, upright to table-top, Some stubborn, others tumbling, some broken, Weathered in their different browns. Abbeys and Holy Grounds of County Down 8 | P a g e Many too faint to read. The names, like memories, faded. And here, the oldest grave of James Armure, Born 1601 died 1672. And here, a woman who died, And her husband died two hours after her, As written on their tombstone. What lives these people led, What stories they could tell. And here, the graves of my husband's family; Bryson. My grandchildren could be Bangorians yet. Veronica Bryson There is a legend told of St. Patrick that he and his companions came one day to a certain valley to rest. Suddenly "they beheld the valley filled with a heavenly light and with a multitude of the host of heaven they heard, as chanted forth from the voice of angels, the psalmody of the celestial choir". They named the place "Vallis Angelorum" – the Valley of the Angels. In the process of time there was built in this valley a holy place – called Benchor, now Bangor. Saints and Scholars angor Abbey is believed to have been founded in 558AD by St Comgall who was born in Magheramorne in County Antrim in B 517. He was the son Setna, a Pictish warrior of the Fiacha Araidhe race which founded the kingdom of Dalaradia. He showed early promise of a vocation to the Christian ministry and was educated under St. Fintan at Clonenagh and at Clonard and Mobi Abbeys and Holy Grounds of County Down 9 | P a g e Clairenach at Glasnevin. He was ordained deacon and priest by Bishop Lugidius, at either Clonmacnoise or Connor. The Abbey rapidly grew to become one of the most important and renowned seats of learning in Ireland, helping to gain Ireland the title "The Isle of the Saints and Scholars". By the time of Comgall's death, on 10 May, 602, there were almost 3,000 monks residing at the Abbey. Comgall died and was buried at Bangor and to this day is regarded as "one of the greatest fathers of Irish monasticism". Worship was foremost in the life of the community. The divine services and daily offices (five during the day and three at night) were scrupulously observed. The early monastic settlement was primitive but Comgall gathered round him a band of monks whose saintly life and scholarly attainments became the wonder of their age. Prominent among them were St. Columbanus and St. Gall. Columbanus (the fair Colum) was born in Leinster in 543 and received his early education on an island on Lough Erne, probably under the celebrated scholar, Sinell, on Cleenish. He came to Bangor, where he remained for many years as a disciple and friend of Comgall. In 589, he and twelve companions set out for the Continent. Having travelled the length of Britain he crossed the channel to arrive in the Merovingian kingdom of Burgundy in Gaul in 590. Hereafter he established monasteries at Anagray, Breganz, Fontaines and Luxeuil which would come to be regarded as the "most celebrated and most frequented school in Christendom". Columbanus founded his last monastery in 613 at Bobbio, in a gorge in the Apennines. Though now an old man, the Saint took an active part in the manual work of building the monastery. He made it a citadel of orthodoxy against the Arians during the Middle Ages. Bobbio enjoyed a very high reputation as a seat of learning and was outstanding for its remarkable library. Columbanus died at Bobbio in 615 where his tomb is to be seen. His remains were removed to Pavia in 12th century. Abbeys and Holy Grounds of County Down 10 | P a g e The Bangor Antiphonary An important link between Bangor and Bobbio, which has survived the passing of time, is a manuscript service-book, now preserved in the Ambrosian Library, Milan.
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