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Beyond the Comparative Method? HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS 2001 AMSTERDAM STUDIES IN THE THEORY AND HISTORY OF LINGUISTIC SCIENCE General Editor E. F. KONRAD KOERNER (Zentrum für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft, Typologie und Universalienforschung, Berlin) Series IV – CURRENT ISSUES IN LINGUISTIC THEORY Advisory Editorial Board Raimo Anttila (Los Angeles); Lyle Campbell (Christchurch, N.Z.) Sheila Embleton (Toronto); John E. Joseph (Edinburgh) Manfred Krifka (Berlin); Hans-Heinrich Lieb (Berlin) E. Wyn Roberts (Vancouver, B.C.); Hans-Jürgen Sasse (Köln) Volume 237 Barry J. Blake and Kate Burridge (eds) Historical Linguistics 2001 Selected papers from the 15th International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Melbourne, 13–17 August 2001 HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS 2001 SELECTED PAPERS FROM THE 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HISTORICAL LINGUISTICS, MELBOURNE, 13–17 AUGUST 2001 Edited by BARRY J. BLAKE La Trobe University KATE BURRIDGE Monash University with the assistance of JO TAYLOR JOHN BENJAMINS PUBLISHING COMPANY AMSTERDAM/PHILADELPHIA TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences — Permanence of Paper for Printed 8 Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data International Conference on Historical Linguistics (15th: 2001: Melbourne, Vic.) Historical linguistics 2001: selected papers from the 15th International Conference on Historical Linguistics, Melbourne, 13–17 August 2001/ edited by Barry J. Blake, Kate Burridge; editorial assistant, Jo Taylor. p. cm. -- (Amsterdam studies in the theory and history of linguistic science. Series IV, Current issues in linguistic theory, ISSN 0304-0763 ; v. 237) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Historical linguistics--Congresses. I. Blake, Barry. J. II. Burridge, Kate. III. Taylor, Jo. IV. Title. V. Series. P140 .I5 2003 417'.7--dc21 2003051866 ISBN 90 272 4749 8 (Eur.) / 1 58811 372 8 (US) (Hb; alk. paper) © 2003 – John Benjamins B.V. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form, by print, photoprint, microfilm, or any other means, without written permission from the publisher. John Benjamins Publishing Co. • P.O.Box 36224 • 1020 ME Amsterdam • The Netherlands John Benjamins North America • P.O.Box 27519 • Philadelphia PA 19118-0519 • USA Table of contents Contributors’ addresses vii Preface ix Language contact and language change in Amazonia 1 Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald Grammaticalization and the historical development of the genitive in Mainland Scandinavian 21 John Ole Askedal Beyond the comparative method? 33 Lyle Campbell The transition from early to modern Portuguese – An approach from historical sociolinguistics 59 Maria José Carvalho Isomorphism and language change 71 C. Jac Conradie From purposive/future to present: Shifting temporal categories in the Pilbara languages of north west Western Australia 87 Alan Dench The formation of periphrastic perfects and passives in Europe: An areal approach 105 Bridget Drinka The grammaticalization of movement: Word order change in Nordic 129 Jan Terje Faarlund Paths of development for modal meanings: Evidence from the Finnic potential mood 143 Hannele Forsberg On degrammaticalization 163 Bernd Heine Process inhibition in historical phonology 181 Patrick Honeybone Table of contents Reconsidering the canons of sound-change: Towards a ‘Big Bang’ theory 205 Richard D. Janda & Brian D. Joseph Case in Middle Danish – A double content system 221 Eva Skafte Jensen The development of some Indonesian pronominal systems 237 Ritsuko Kikusawa Morphological reconstruction as an etymological method 271 Harold Koch Labovian principles of vowel shifting revisited: The short vowel shift in New Zealand English and Southern Chinese 293 Lau Chun-fat Conventional implicature and language change. The cyclic evolution of the emphatic pronouns in Romanian 303 Maria M. Manoliu The rise of IPs in the History of English 321 Fuyo Osawa From subject to object: Case studies on Finnish 339 Heli Pekkarinen Meaningchangeinverbs:Thecaseofstrike 351 Nick Riemer Borrowing as a tool for grammatical optimization in the history of German brand names 363 Elke Ronneberger-Sibold Pragmatic relevance as cause for syntactic change: The emergence of prepositional complementizers in Romance 377 Kim Schulte Early Nordic language history and modern runology – With particular reference to reduction and prefix loss 391 Michael Schulte On the interpretation of early evidence for ME vowel-change 403 Gjertrud F. Stenbrenden On the reflexes of Proto-Germanic ai. The spellings ie, ei and ey in Middle Dutch 417 Pieter van Reenen & Anke Jongkind Index 431 Contributors’ addresses Alexandra Y. Aikhenvald Bridget Drinka Research Centre for Linguistic Typology Dpt. of English, Classics & Philosophy La Trobe University University of Texas at San Antonio Victoria 3086, Australia San Antonio, TX 78249, USA [email protected] [email protected] John Ole Askedal Jan Terje Faarlund Department of Germanic Studies University of Oslo University of Oslo Institutt for nordistikk og litteraturvitskap P.O. Box 1004 Blindern Postboks 1013 Blindern N-0315 Oslo, Norway N-0315 Oslo, Norway [email protected] [email protected],no Lyle Campbell Hennele Forsberg University of Canterbury Research Institute for the Languages Christchurch, New Zealand of Finland [email protected] Sörnäisten rantatie 25 00500 Helsinki, Finland Maria José Carvalho hennele.forsberg@kotus.fi Fac. de Letras da Universidade de Coimbra Bernd Heine In-to de Lingua e Literatura Portuguesas Universität zu Köln Largo da Porta Férrea Institut für Afrikanistik 3000-447 Coimbra, Portugal 50923 Köln, Germany [email protected] [email protected] C. Jac Conradie Patrick Honeybone Department of Afrikaans Department of English Language Rand Afrikaans University Edge Hill College of Higher Education P.O. Box 524 Ormkirk, Lancashire L39 4QP, England 2006 Aukland Park, South Africa [email protected] [email protected] Richard D. Janda & Brian D. Joseph Alan Dench Department of Linguistics Linguistics 222 Oxley Hall, 1712 Neil Avenue University of Western Australia The Ohio State University 35 Stirling Highway Columbus, Ohio 43210-1298, USA Crawley, WA 6009, Australia [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Contributors’ addresses Eva Skafte Jensen Heli Pekkarinen Roskilde University, Dansk, Hus 3.2.3. Department of English Postbox 260, DK-4000 Roskilde P.O. Box 13 (Meritullinkatu 1b) Denmark 0014 University of Helsinki [email protected] Finland heli.pekkarinen@helsinki.fi Ritsuko Kikusawa Research Institute for the Languages and Nick Riemer Cultures of Asia and Africa, Centre for Cross-Cultural Research Tokyo University of Foreign Studies Australian National University 3-11-1 Asahi-cho Fuchu-Shi ACT 0200, Australia Tokyo 185-8534 [email protected] Japan Elke Ronneberger-Sibold [email protected] Katholische Universität Eichstätt [email protected] Sprach-und literaturwissenschaftlicke Harold Koch Fakultät School of Language Studies D-85071 Eichstätt, Germany Faculty of Arts [email protected] Australian National University Kim Schulte Canberra Department of Hispanic Studies A.C.T. 0200 School Modern Languages [email protected] University of Exeter Lau Chun-fat Queen’s Building, The Queen’s Drive Department of Chinese Exeter Ex4 4QH, U.K. and Bilingual Studies, [email protected] Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Michael Schulte Hunghom, Adger University College Hong Kong Serviceboks 422, Gimlemoen ctcfl[email protected] N-4604 Kristiansand, Norway [email protected] Maria M. Manoliu Department of French and Italian Gertrud F. Stenbrenden 509 Sproul Hall Department of British University of California and American Studies Davis, CA 95616, USA University of Oslo [email protected] P.O. Box 1003, Blindern N-0315 Oslo, Norway Fuyo Osawa [email protected] Department of English Tokai University Pieter van Reenen & Anke Jongkind 4-11-3-324 Nishiogu Free University Arakawa-ku Faculty of Letters Tokyo 116-0011 De Boelelaan 1105 Japan 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands [email protected] [email protected] Preface This volume contains 25 papers from the 15th International Conference on His- torical Linguistics (ICHL 15) held August 13–17, 2001, in Melbourne, hosted by the Linguistics Program of La Trobe University. Over 200 people attended over the five days of the conference. Six plenaries were presented plus 110 papers. On the final day there were three workshops at which another 32 papers were presented. This volume presents a selection of papers presented at the general sessions and the plenaries. All papers offered for inclusion in the proceedings were read by at least two referees. It was Nigel Vincent who suggested a decade ago that La Trobe offer to host ICHL, and 2001 was the first time this conference was held in the southern hemi- sphere. As might be expected this meant a greater participation from Australian linguists, mainly reflected in the workshop on Reconstruction and subgrouping in Australian languages, but the 150 presenters came from 33 countries with partic- ularly strong representation from the United States and northern Europe. The se- lection in this volume reflects the fact that the majority of papers were on morpho- syntax with a smaller number on phonology. There is one paper on semantics (Riemer) and one on contact (Aikhenvald). Finally we would like to thank those who supported the conference and the production of this
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