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THE NOME NUGGET One of Freedom's Fathers When Russia

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THE NOME NUGGET One of Freedom's Fathers When Russia IS IT WELL-DONE THIS TIME ? the indispensable help of the United Nations and the United THE NOME NUGGET States. This circumstance is far more Published Monday, Wednesday and Friday by The CHICKEN DINNER Irksome to the men in the Krem- ov» NOME PUBLISHING CO. lon than the fact that because of Nome, Alaska VKIMJV Iran’s action in nullifying the 1946 Telephone: Main 125 P. O. Box 61k agreement Russia will not be able W. and A. EMILY BOUCHER ..Ed.tors to develop a new and possibly valuable outside source of oil very $1.50 PER MONTH $16.00 A YEAR close to her border. Entered as second class matter October 14, 1943, at the postoffice Russia is short of oil. Even if all at Nome, Alaska, under the Act of March 3, 1879. her oil wells were producing at prewar levels, which is not the case, she would still be short of Friday, January 2, 1948 that vital fuel. With her industry expanding One Of Freedom’s Fathers and her transportation system • get- to she needs Saul Newsfeatures) ting back normal, (By Pett—(/P) more oil for civilian needs. She MEET THE MAN WHO MADE HIS TRAIN needs more oil because she is de- FRANK MONAHAN had a train to make. He had to termined to achieve a far higher make it with a lot of baggage. He made it, but almost degree of mechanization in her than she had succeeded in blew a fuse enroute. army doing before or during the war. The train was the Train now Freedom in a 12-month Actually, despite the addition ol tour of the nation. The baggage was documents repre- new fields in the Ural area and senting about 700 years of man’s struggle for democ- S.beria, and the exploitation o! the oil resources of Romania, Austria racy. and Hungary, Russia is suffering Dr. was for the Monaghan chiefly responsible getting from oil hunger. 125 prceless documents together. Historian and former That is one, if not the only, rea- Yale professor, he went to work for the train’s sponsor, son for her interest in Iran. No the American Heritage Foundation, late last July. At “Federalist” papers aboard the train involved a long doubt, it was the willingness dis- Premier Ahmad Gha- and After a dozen played by first it was to carry facsimiles of famous manu- oddyssey of telephoning waning hope. planned vam to conclude an agreement on the calls, found the of the man who scripts 33,000-mile journey. Then it was decided; Monaghan secretary with Russia whereby the latter now owns the The said to use originals wherever possible. papers. secretary permission was granted an oil concession in The tram was scheduled to start from Philadelphia from both him and his wife would be needed. the northern provinces of Iran, smooth the for Sept. 17. Manufacturers needed two weeks to make the The wife, it developed after more calls, was vacation- that helped path the withdrawal of Russian troops lucite cases to the left the Adirondacks. Dr. her for special protect documents. That ing Monaghan phoned from that country. the made contact and Dr. Monaghan and his co-workers less than a month to three days. On fourth, they per- The 1946 agreement provided get ready. mission was granted. for the creation of a joint Soviet- Iranian in which Russia About half the papers were to come from the Library And where was the husband? In Donduras vacation- company would hold 51 per cent and Iran of and the National and that was ing. Cables didn’t reach him. Four days later he sudden- Congress Archives, 49 cent of the shares during turned in New and that’s how the “Feder- per comparatively easy. The other half would come from ly up York, the first twenty-five years of the' state historical societies and various private groups and alist” caught the train just in time. life of the agreement. This com- author- individuals. This frequently wasn’t easy. Another Hamilton, name of Andrew, didn’t make it pany was to be given the to for oil in five Dr. had known about red tape. the though. He was the man who defended Peter Zenger in ity prospect pro- Monaghan During vinces, including the province of war, he was an air force colonel who headed a secret the famous freedom of the press case of 1735, for which j A7 rbaijan. New York him with a scroll and a project to analyze the possibility of Germany being; City presented gold Concurrently with the signing oi knocked out by air action alone (the answer was no). snuff box. Dr. Monaghan wanted the scroll; he wasn’t the oil agreement, Russia agreed in box. to withdraw her troops from Iran. Now, he has a book out—“Heritage of Freedom,” which particularly interested the snuff This was another instance where tells the and of each document With the case manufacturers screaming they didn’t history significance it was found necessary to buy have much time turned the aboard the train. But as to their most recent history, he left, investigation up parch- Russia twice since the Soviet gov- says: ment scroll in the Pennsylvania Historical Society, ernment was already pledged to was it. clear out of Iran once the war had “It kept me awake nights, but thank God not a single which happy to lend ended. item was or lost. We most of what But in a highly legal paper, the owner of the Hamil- mislaid, damaged got Evacuation of Iran did not mean we ton items had that the snuff box could not were after. No one turned us down flatly. Where we stipulated the end of Russian influence there. wanted failed or had difficulty it was due to a combination of leave the society. Dr. Monaghan said fine, all he At least the Kremlin did not think circumstances, and the circumstances often were har-{ was the scroll. Three lawyers representing the owner’s so. Left behind by the Red army rowing.” family were consulted. They conferred and studied and in Azerbaijan was a Russian-cre- ited puppet regime. However, One of those “combinations” meant that a certain fa- it was decided that the owner must have meant finally once deprived of the backing of as well as the snuff mous colonial document is not on the train now, The pa- the restriction to apply to the scroll Russian armed force, this regime per was in the local state archives, which was willing to box. speedily evaporated. lend it, but state law prohibited its removal from the There were other odysseys, some successful, some fu- There can be no question of the legality of the action of the Iran- state. tile, but all had in common endless telephoning, tele- ian parliament in voiding the 1946 much state a and scattered of the first and second After arranging, the legislature passed graphing parties agreement. It was provided in that special law permitting the document’s removal. Every- parts. pact that the terms would go into body concerned was all ready to let it go, including the “I even had to do some telephoning to get a certain effect only after ratification. The members of the parliament, taking governor. Then the bill went to him for his signature; George Washington letter out of a bank valut,” Dr into account the fact that the 1946 He vetoed it mistake. There wasn’t time left recalls. “Who was the owner? Me.” by enough Monaghan agreement had been forced on the to start the whole thing over again. Teheran regime at the point of the The- original manuscript of Woodrow Wilson’s first gun, would have nothing of it. When Russia Screams In this stand, they were inaugural address involved a classic snafu. The docu- taking reflecting the national desire to be ment came from Princeton and made the University a desire which has (By Barnet Nover) aimed action. independent, Freedom Train two hours before it left Washington the of the United States. only WASHINGTON — Not so many It would be a mistake, however, backing for where the tour Philadelphia, grand began officially. years ago, so violent a note of pro- to dismiss that note as merely ihe Meanwhile, an aide happened to hear Dr. Monaghan test as that sent recently Russia blowing off of steam by the Krem- by THAT’S THAT says he would prefer to have the original Covenant of to Iran, following the refusal of lin. the Iranian to •atiF. The note Iran with as an of work. pa ljament charges the League of Nations example Wilson’s Bruce Guslin) the 1946 oil agreerrmn1, wo-j: hostile activity incompatible (By This involved from the of '- permission Library Congress have been tantamount to a dec’.r ;‘h normal relations between the THIS COUNTRY'S Indim p and the widow of the World War I President. ation of war. .vo nations.” The middle eastern icy is a national disgrace. Under the While these arrangements were being made, the aide, In those days, when diplomats kingdom is accused of “treacher- Constitution, American Ir>di ns without telling anybody, went ahead and removed the resorted to strong langaugc, arm- ously violating obligations” and are American citizens. But thrv orders. discrimination are denied and of Wilson inaugural. The train left Philadelphia without it ies got their marching vacticing “gross rights privileges That is no longer true. The gur.s against the U. S. S. R.” the Iranian citizenship. They are “wards of and traveled four with an case.
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