Congressional Record United States of America PROCEEDINGS and DEBATES of the 107Th CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION

E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 107th CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION

Vol. 147 WASHINGTON, TUESDAY, JUNE 19, 2001 No. 85 Senate The Senate met at 10 a.m. and was U.S. SENATE, RESERVATION OF LEADER TIME called to order by the Honorable PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- Washington, DC, June 19, 2001. THOMAS R. CARPER, a Senator from the pore. Under the previous order, the State of Delaware. To the Senate: Under the provisions of rule I, paragraph 3, leadership time is reserved. of the Standing Rules of the Senate, I hereby f PRAYER appoint the Honorable THOMAS R. CARPER, a MORNING BUSINESS The Chaplain, Dr. Lloyd John Senator from the State of Delaware, to per- Ogilvie, offered the following prayer: form the duties of the Chair. The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- Gracious Father, You have called us ROBERT C. BYRD, pore. Under the previous order, there to be creative thinkers. We begin this President pro tempore. will now be a period for the transaction day by yielding our thinking brains to Mr. CARPER thereupon assumed the of morning business not to extend be- Your magnificent creativity. You know chair as Acting President pro tempore. yond the hour of 11:30 a.m., with Sen- ators permitted to speak therein for up everything; You also know what is best f for us and the Nation You have en- to 10 minutes each. trusted to the care of this Senate. We RECOGNITION OF THE ACTING Under the previous order, the time are grateful that You not only are om- MAJORITY LEADER until 10:30 a.m. shall be under the con- niscient but also omnipresent. You are trol of the Senator from Arizona, Mr. The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- KYL. here in this Chamber and will be with pore. The Senator from Nevada. the Senators and their staffs wherever f this day’s responsibilities take them. f PRESIDENT BUSH’S EUROPEAN We take seriously the admonition of SCHEDULE TRIP Proverbs 16:3: ‘‘Commit your works to Mr. KYL. Mr. President, President the Lord, and your thoughts will be es- Mr. REID. Mr. President, we will be in a period for morning business until Bush has just returned from his trip to tablished.’’ Europe, and the newspapers are full of 11:30 this morning. By virtue of a pre- Thank You for this secret of success glowing accounts. Some of the head- vious unanimous-consent agreement, in Your Word. In response we look to lines include the following: ‘‘Europe Senators KYL and BROWNBACK will be what is ahead this day and thank you sees Bush’s Trip Exceeding Expecta- in control of the time until 10:45 a.m. in advance for supernatural intel- tions.’’ That from the New York Times and Senator DURBIN will be in control ligence to maximize our thinking. You on June 18. The International Herald of the time from 10:45 a.m. to 11:30 a.m. are our Lord and Saviour. Amen. Tribune: ‘‘President Climbs in Euro- At 11:30 this morning, Majority Lead- pean Esteem.’’ f er DASCHLE will be in the Chamber to Similarly, other headlines and sto- move to begin consideration of the Pa- ries noted the fact that the President PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE tients’ Bill of Rights. As Members was successful in communicating his know, this legislation has been around views on a wide variety of subjects, in- The Honorable THOMAS R. CARPER led for years, and the leader is going to an- the Pledge of Allegiance, as follows: cluding most especially our view of na- nounce at 11:30 a.m. today his move- tional security issues and specifically I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the ment toward consideration of that bill. the question of missile defense. United States of America, and to the Repub- We expect to be able to move to it. We I want to spend a few minutes talk- lic for which it stands, one nation under God, hope the minority will not have any indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. ing about the President’s successful problems with our going to that bill. trip, his vision for the future in a new Majority Leader DASCHLE will an- f post-cold-war era, and the acceptance nounce at 11:30 a.m. that we are going of those views by most of our allies and to finish that bill before the July 4 re- even, to some extent, by those whom APPOINTMENT OF ACTING cess. That means if there are problems he characterizes as friends, countries PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE moving to the bill and cloture has to be that could, indeed, someday perhaps be The PRESIDING OFFICER. The filed, we will work this weekend and allies, countries such as Russia, fol- clerk will please read a communication perhaps the next weekend to complete lowing especially his visit with Presi- to the Senate from the President pro this legislation. dent Putin during the course of this tempore (Mr. BYRD). The Senate will be in recess from trip. The assistant legislative clerk read 12:30 p.m. to 2:15 p.m. today for our I think the pundits had a good time the following letter: weekly party conferences. as the President was preparing for his

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

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VerDate 19-JUN-2001 00:56 Jun 20, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A19JN6.000 pfrm03 PsN: S19PT1 S6388 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 19, 2001 trip, speculating about whether this At the conclusion of my remarks, I come along and help us find the right President, who had not extensively am going to ask unanimous consent to way to do that. In that spirit, he vis- traveled abroad and did not have a print in the RECORD two very fine ited with these European leaders. great deal of international experience, pieces by one of the finest columnists We all know the President is very would be able to impress these savvy and political writers of our time, convincing. I realize the situation international leaders. Charles Krauthammer. One of them ap- there is a little different. In politics, it What they found—and it was inter- peared in the Weekly Standard in the is not the typical kind of diplomacy esting—on the Sunday morning talk June 4 issue. It is entitled ‘‘The Bush coming out of the State Department or shows they were all doing a little bit of Doctrine, ABM, Kyoto, and the New other areas of diplomatic expertise, in a retreat, which pleased me because I American Unilateralism.’’ The other is our country and in others, where sub- had seen the same kind of questioning an op-ed the Washington Post carried tlety and the spoken word are so very of the President when he was beginning on June 18 in which he makes a similar important. President Bush is a man his run for the Presidency as Governor point that the type of unilateralism who means and says what he means of Texas. President Bush took to Europe and is very plainly. There is a certain advan- There were those who said: He is a intent on pursuing with respect to tage to that when you are dealing with very congenial fellow, but does he real- United States interests throughout the foreign leaders who do not know you so ly have what it takes? I think we all world is not a unilateralism that says well. It quickly becomes apparent to saw, and even my Democratic col- the United States is going to do what them that what you are telling them is leagues who supported Vice President we want to do no matter what anybody exactly what you believe, exactly what Gore at the time concluded, that this is else thinks and basically ignores their the United States intends to do, and a man who not only has great charm points of view at all, but, rather, as that there is no guile, there is no hid- but also significant substance and a Charles Krauthammer carefully points den agenda. view of the world which is in keeping out, this new Bush doctrine is a subtle I think it has an effect of disarming with the times as we commence our change from the past in this regard. some leaders who might be looking for journey into this 21st century. It says we are going to identify what hidden agendas or games that some- He proved that during the campaign. we believe is in the best interests of times people in the political world like He proved it in domestic affairs, the United States of America and in to play. President Bush is not like achieving a milestone of success with the interests of the rest of the family that. He has been very straightforward. the tax cuts we passed and he signed of nations of the world. He has been very clear about his vision. into law a little over a week ago, and We are going to pursue a course that He has not wavered from that, which then this foreign trip, which was the achieves the goals that sustain those first major trip, the trip to Europe, to is, of course, tempting to do when vis- interests, and we are not going to be iting with other world leaders who do visit with our NATO allies and other deterred by naysayers, by countries leaders in the region. We heard the not totally share your world view. that, frankly, do not have the same The net result of that diplomacy and same kind of questions: Was the Presi- goals in mind or by any kind of inter- dent prepared to meet these leaders? the new American vision of national national view that everything has to be There is a problem here, Mr. Presi- security for the family of nations of dent, as you know, and that is that done by international accord or it can- the world has been an acceptance by most of the countries of Western Eu- not be done at all. We are not going to many of the European leaders, ex- rope—the majority, I should say—are have our national security interests ve- pressed very overtly. As the headlines governed by left-of-center political toed by any other country of the world. noted, a view among even those who do leaders. They are, obviously, not of the So we will pursue our national inter- not necessarily totally share the Presi- same political viewpoint as President ests, and we are not going to allow dent’s view is that there is room to Bush, but our alliance with our NATO other countries of the world that do work with this President on these com- allies has gone through a series of not share those goals to dictate the re- mon goals. changes where we have had generally sults. Our NATO allies, countries such as conservative leadership, more left-of- However, that does not mean we are Spain and Italy, the Czech Republic, center leadership, and then a combina- simply going to try to impose our will Vaclav Havel, made some very elo- tion of the two. on others or that we are going to go quent statements in support of the We have always been able to accom- our own way and to heck with the rest President. The Polish Government, modate our differences politically be- of the world. Not at all. As Mr. even some statements from leaders of cause of the common goal of providing Krauthammer points out, President the British Government, Hungary, and a defense for the members of the NATO Bush has very carefully conducted an other countries in Europe, have in one alliance and in working together in na- overarching strategy, and then the tac- way or another expressly supported the tional security matters that go beyond tics of achieving that strategy include President’s plans for missile defense to just the question of the NATO alliance, a very heavy dose of consultation, es- protect the United States, our troops especially during the cold war as we pecially with our allies and particu- deployed abroad, and our allies. Vaclav were dealing with the then-Soviet larly with our NATO allies. It also in- Havel said: Union and subsequent to that time volves consultation with other friends The new world we are entering cannot be dealing with other challenges, includ- of the United States, countries such as based on mutually assured destruction. An ing the Balkans and, of course, in deal- Russia and India, and other countries increasingly important role should be played ing with the evolution of the changes such as China, with which we have had by defense systems. that have been occurring in the coun- some difficulties in recent times. There are many similar quotations in try of Russia itself. But the point of these consultations these various news stories that were That was the state of play when the is not to tell other leaders what we are filed by the reporters covering the President made this journey. Yet what going to do come heck or high water President’s trip. we found was, notwithstanding the po- but, rather, to say: Look, this is what While there were many European litical differences of these leaders, we believe is in our best interests and leaders who overtly expressed support there still is more that binds us than your best interests. Let’s work to- for what the President was trying to divides us. President Bush is one of gether to try to find a way to achieve do, as I said, there were others who those innate leaders who has the capac- these goals. There is some room for dis- were not specific in their endorsement ity to bring people together because of cussion. We have not finalized every- but who made it very clear they be- the force of his personality, which is thing we plan to do, so there is an op- lieved President Bush was somebody one of reaching out, of showing that he portunity for everybody to help shape with whom they could sit down, talk is willing to listen, that he is willing to the future of the world as we begin this these things over with, and reach some accommodate, but also making it very next century. But there are certain kind of mutual conclusion. clear he has some very firm principles goals and objectives we are going to at- I was especially pleased this morning upon which U.S. policy is going to be tempt to achieve. If you want to be to find President Putin being quoted based. with us we would like to have you over and over again, in the lead story

VerDate 19-JUN-2001 00:06 Jun 20, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G19JN6.005 pfrm03 PsN: S19PT1 June 19, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6389 in the Washington Post saying he be- One of the questions raised by some dent—that the single biggest loss of lieved there was room for the United of our European friends was, Is the life of U.S. servicemen in the gulf war States and Russia to talk about these technology really there? occurred when 28 American soldiers issues. By the way, I am somewhat amused were killed by one Scud missile. He was talking about something that by the twin arguments of opponents. It is a very lethal weapon if you don’t has been very fundamental, from the ‘‘This thing will be so effective that it have a defense against it. So what Sec- Russian point of view, to the relation- will start another arms race.’’ That is retary Rumsfeld and President Bush ship between Russia and the United argument No. 1. Argument No. 2: ‘‘It have decided to do is to take what we States, the ABM Treaty. There is a will never be effective.’’ It is going to have—such as the Patriot missile of suggestion it is no longer absolutely be effective or it is not going to be ef- the gulf war time—get it into the field necessary that that treaty remain in fective. I think it will be effective. I and begin working with it, all the existence as the cornerstone of the also do not think it will start another while continuing to test more and strategic relationship between Russia arms race. more advanced systems. In this way, and the United States, as he has char- But what about the state of tech- we will actually have a rudimentary acterized it. President Bush has said it nology? defense to begin with, and we can con- no longer is the cornerstone. That was The Bush administration has decided tinue to build on that as the tech- a treaty developed during the height of that, because of the immediacy of the nology evolves. the cold war when the Soviet Union threat identified in the Rumsfeld Com- I will give you an analogy. We build and the United States totally mis- mission report 3 years ago, we need to ships in classes. We will start the Los trusted each other. Whether or not it get on with this now; that we cannot Angeles class of attack submarines, for helped keep the peace during that time test forever to try to develop the per- example. The first of the Los Angeles is totally irrelevant to the cir- fect system. There will never be a per- class submarines that came out of the cumstances of today, where the threat fect system, at least for the amount of dock was a good submarine, but it was of mutually assured destruction simply money we are willing to spend, and not nearly as good as the last Los Ange- cannot be the basis for the relation- right now we do not need a perfect sys- les class submarine that came out ship, the strategic relationship be- tem. The threat is from an accidental many years later. Throughout the time tween the Russian people and the launch or rogue nation, and those are that basic class of submarines was American people. not the most robust threats to have to built, changes were being made and It has even been put into the context defeat. embodied in that submarine, so that So I think what Secretary Rumsfeld of a moral statement. Dr. Henry Kis- the last one that came off the dock, in and the President have in mind doing singer was one of the architects of the many respects, was not much like the ABM Treaty. He was there at the cre- is fielding, as soon as possible, what- ever technology we have, under- very first one; it was much, much im- ation. He has testified to Congress, and proved and, frankly, was the basis for he has told many of us, that it is time standing that it is not necessarily the best and it may not work in all cir- the evolution to the next generation of to scrap this treaty. He knew why it attack submarines. was put into place in 1972. He knew the cumstances. Now, is that an indictment of what And so it is with missile defenses. I function it might perform at that time. believe what the Secretary and the But he now fully appreciates that it no they intend to do? I do not think so. It is an honest acknowledgement of the President have in mind is fielding a longer serves that function and, more combination of air and space and land importantly, leaves us nude, unpro- fact that there is no such thing as a perfect shield, and that we are in the systems, combined with the satellite tected, vulnerable to attack by coun- and radar that is necessary to detect a tries that were not parties to that trea- beginning stages of actually fielding launch, and continue to follow a rogue ty and never would be. Here is what he this equipment. missile, and then provide information said during testimony in 1999: We have done a lot of research, to be sure. But, frankly, for political rea- at the very end of its flight for inter- The circumstances that existed when the cept and shootdown. treaty was agreed to were notably different sons, a lot of that research has been from the situation today. The threat to the wasted because the systems that could That combination might include the United States from missile proliferation is take advantage of that research have airborne laser, something with great growing and is, today, coming from a num- been stopped from development and promise. It might include standard ber of hostile Third World countries. The eventual deployment. So we have had a missiles aboard the so-called Aegis United States has to recognize that the ABM lot of starts and stops, but we have cruisers, cruisers with very good radar, Treaty constrains the nation’s missile de- never gone the next step, which is to and a missile which today is, obvi- fense programs to an intolerable degree in actually put it out in the field and see ously, not capable against the most ro- the day and age when ballistic missiles are bust of intercontinental ballistic mis- attractive to so many countries because how it works. there are currently no defenses against What Secretary Rumsfeld has said is siles but at least has some capability if them. This treaty may have worked in a go back to the gulf war. That was an especially you are able to sail the two-power nuclear world, although even that emergency. We knew the Iraqis had cruisers close enough to the launching is questionable. But in a multinuclear world Scud missiles. In fact, they were begin- point of the missile. it is reckless. ning to shoot them toward Israel. We As those missiles are made bigger, He was even more blunt during a did not have a missile defense. But Sec- and another stage is added to them, press conference with then-Governor retary of Defense CHENEY at that time and a more sophisticated seeker is put Bush on May 23, 2000, when he said: said: Don’t we have anything that we on top of that missile, it will become Deliberate vulnerability when the tech- might employ here? And the answer more and more robust, to the point nologies are available to avoid it cannot be a from the Pentagon was: Yes, we have that at some point it will have the ca- strategic objective, cannot be a political ob- the Patriot. It is an anti-aircraft sys- pability of stopping just about any jective, and cannot be a moral objective of tem, but it is very good at that, and it missile that might be launched against any American President. might be able to shoot down some Scud us. We also have the potential for land- He is correct. For any President of missiles. based systems. the United States or Congress to delib- So they tinkered with it. They took The point is this: The President has erately leave the United States vulner- the Patriot batteries that we had—I in mind moving forward, getting off able to attack when we understand think some of them were even test bat- the dime. Almost no one, any longer, that there is a growing threat of that teries—and put them into the field. denies the threat. Even President attack, and to leave in place any kind And those Patriots did a remarkably Putin has pointed that out. of legal regimes that would inhibit us good job. I think that the end result So the question is: Do you test for- from developing the means of pro- was somewhere in the neighborhood of ever, until you are absolutely certain, tecting ourselves, is intolerable; it is about one-third of the Scud missiles or do you move forward? morally indefensible, especially, as Dr. were brought down by the Patriot. I saw my little nephew over the Kissinger says, when the technology is That is important when you recog- weekend. He is just now trying to there to provide a defense. nize—and you will recall, Mr. Presi- crawl and walk; and he is falling down

VerDate 19-JUN-2001 00:56 Jun 20, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G19JN6.008 pfrm03 PsN: S19PT1 S6390 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 19, 2001 more than he is walking, but he is try- lenge that we have to meet. But the I applaud the President. I congratu- ing. And the next time I see him, I sus- mere fact that we have other kinds of late him for a successful trip. I hope we pect he is going to be walking. You challenges as well does not mean that will have more opportunities to discuss don’t quit just because you fell down we ignore the one that is first and fore- this important issue in the future. the first time. And we don’t stop just most on the minds of these rogue lead- Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- because we had a couple tests that ers. Why else would they be spending sent that two articles by Charles were not totally successful. the billions of dollars they are spend- Krauthammer be printed in the The point is, we will continue to test; ing to develop or buy the technology RECORD. we will continue to develop; we will de- for these missiles and the weapons of There being no objection, the mate- ploy what we have as we get it ready to mass destruction that they put on top rial was ordered to be printed in the deploy, and we will continue to evolve of the missiles? Why? RECORD, as follows: those systems until we are satisfied This kind of weapon offers them a [From the Weekly Standard, June 4, 2001] blackmail potential. In the wrong that we have a system that can work. THE BUSH DOCTRINE hands, with this kind of weapon a To those critics who say we don’t ABM, Kyoto, and the New American have the technology or we won’t have country can essentially say to the rest Unilateralism of the world—at the time they intend it, I say, give us a chance. Let’s try. (By Charles Krauthammer) to attack someone else, or want to get Let’s see. Don’t say, you can’t do it, I. THE WORLD AS IT IS and we never start and we never try. something from the rest of the world— look, you know we can launch this mis- Between 1989 and 1991 the world changed so The consequences are simply too great. radically so suddenly that even today the As Dr. Kissinger said, it would be lit- sile against you. We have done it in the implications have not adequately been erally reckless and immoral for us not past. We will do it again. So you better grasped. The great ideological wars of the to try when the technology is there. give us what we want, or you better twentieth century, which began in the ’30s Another question in this respect that stay out of our way, or you better do and lasted six decades, came to an end over- the allies asked is, What would the re- whatever we want you to do. It is that night. And the Soviet Union died in its sleep, action from Russia be? It is a fair ques- blackmail component that worries so and with it the last great existential threat to America, the West, and the liberal idea. tion. Russia has some concerns. But many of our leaders the most. Go back to the Persian Gulf war So fantastic was the change that, at first, Russia should not have concerns. Does most analysts and political thinkers refused anybody believe that the United States again. If Saddam Hussein had had the weapons that could put a missile on to recognize the new unipolarity. In the intends to attack Russia? Even the early ’90s, conventional wisdom held that we Russians have to acknowledge that is London or Paris or Berlin or Rome or were in a quick transition from a bipolar to no longer the relationship between our any other country in that area of the a multipolar world: Japan was rising, Europe world, do you think we would have had two countries. And we don’t believe was uniting, China was emerging, sleeping the same quality of allied contingent giants like India were stirring, and America they intend to attack us. Why would to face him down in that Persian Gulf was in decline. It seems absurd today, but they? war? Do you think other countries this belief in American decline was all the So these large inventories of nuclear rage. weapons that both sides have, frankly, would have been as willing to join the United States? And if, in fact, those Ten years later, the fog has cleared. No one are going to come down. We are not is saying that Japan will overtake the weapons could have killed a lot more going to maintain that level of war- United States economically, or Europe will Americans, would the United States head, and we do not think the Russians overtake the United States diplomatically, have been as anxious to kick him out are either. In fact, they have made it or that some new anti-American coalition of of Kuwait? clear they cannot afford to do so. powers will rise to replace the Communist The argument would have been: Ku- block militarily. Today, the United States Frankly, we would rather not have to wait is of no interest to us, especially remains the preeminent economic, military, spend the money on all those weapons when he can rain so much destruction diplomatic, and cultural power on a scale not so both sides can draw down their nu- down upon us. So you need the kinds of seen since the fall of the Roman Empire. clear weapons. defenses that prevent these rogue na- Oddly enough, the uniqueness of this struc- ture is only dimly understood in the United For anybody to suggest that our tions from carrying out their aggres- building the rudimentary defense is States. It is the rest of the world that sees sive intentions. it—undoubtedly, because it feels it—acutely. going to cause the Russians to begin That is why—just getting back to the spending billions more to build new Russia and China never fail in their summits President’s visit in Europe this week— to denounce explicitly the ‘‘unipolarity’’ of weapons, when they cannot afford to I am so heartened by not only the way the current world structure and to pledge to keep the ones they have, is, I think, lu- he has laid this vision out but the way do everything to abolish it. The French—ele- dicrous. It is not going to happen. It is he has stuck to his guns, all the while gant, caustic, and as ever the intellectual a misplaced fear. being very open in his discussions with leader in things anti-American—have coined I acknowledge the concern that these allied leaders, as well as the Russians. the term ‘‘hyperpower’’ to describe Amer- people express, but I ask them to think I must say, I was also heartened by ica’s new condition. about the facts. Even Russian leaders the descriptions of the policy, and the And a new condition it is. It is not, as we have acknowledged they would not be in America tend to imagine, just the super- steadiness with which Secretary of powerdom of the Cold War writ large. It is able to maintain more than about 1,500 State Colin Powell and National Sec- something never seen before in the modern warheads—down from about 6,000 or retary Adviser Condoleezza Rice pre- world. Yet during the first decade of more that they have today. sented this case again Sunday on the unipolarity, the United States acted much as So I do not think it makes sense to talk shows. Dr. Rice, despite, I would it had during the preceding half-century. argue that we should not prepare to de- say, bating by the questioner, was very In part, this was because many in the po- fend ourselves just because the Rus- calm and very firm in articulating that litical and foreign policy elite refused to rec- sians might be fearful somehow and, the United States will do what it takes ognize the new reality. But more important, therefore, might decide to spend bil- it was because those in power who did recog- to protect the citizens of the United nize it were deeply distrustful of American lions more that they do not have in de- States and the interests of other free- power. They saw their mission as seeking a veloping new weapons. Nor do I think dom-loving people around the world new world harmony by constraining this that argument applies to anyone else. but that we will do so in a way in overwhelming American power within a web What we are talking about is build- which we engage these other leaders. of international obligations—rather than ing a defense that rogue nations will We will listen to what they have to maintaining, augmenting, and exploiting the understand, making it unprofitable for say, and to the extent we are able to do American predominance they had inherited. them to develop and deploy the tech- so, within the confines of what is nec- This wish to maintain, augment, and ex- nology of missile defenses. essary for the United States, we will ploit that predominance is what distin- Are there other threats out there guishes the new foreign policy of the Bush find ways to accommodate their needs administration. If successful, it would do from these countries such as the so- as well. what Teddy Roosevelt did exactly a century called suitcase bomb? Yes, we are One of these would be to actually ago: adapt America’s foreign policy and mili- spending a lot to try to deal with that, provide that kind of missile defense tary posture to its new position in the world. too. The cruise missile is another chal- protection for them as well. At the dawn of the 20th century, that meant

VerDate 19-JUN-2001 00:56 Jun 20, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\G19JN6.011 pfrm03 PsN: S19PT1 June 19, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6391 entry into the club of Great Powers. Roo- century what airpower was to the 20th. In Its goal was to make the treaty more endur- sevelt both urged and assured such entry 1901, there was not an airplane in the world. ing, at a time when it had already become with a Big Stick foreign policy that built the Most people did not think a heavier-than-air obsolete. In fact, in one agreement, nego- Panama Canal and sent a blue water navy machine could in theory ever fly. Yet 38 tiated in New York in 1997, the Clinton ad- around the world to formally announce our years later, the world experienced the great- ministration amended the ABM treaty to in- arrival. est war in history, whose outcome was cru- clude as signatories Kazakhstan, Ukraine, At the dawn of the 21st century, the task cially affected by air power and air defenses and Belarus, thus making any future of the new administration is to develop a in a bewildering proliferation of new tech- changes in the treaty require five signatures military and foreign policy appropriate to nologies: bombers, fighters, transports, glid- rather than only two. It is as if Britain and our position of overwhelming dominance. In ers, carriers, radar. Germany had spent the 1930s regulating the its first four months in office, the Bush ad- It is inconceivable that 38 years from now, levels of their horse cavalries. ministration has begun the task: reversing we will not be living in a world where missile That era is over. the premises of Clinton foreign policy and technology is equally routine, and thus rou- III. KYOTO: ESCAPE FROM MULTILATERALISM adopting policies that recognize the new tinely in the hands of bad guys. It was expected that a Republican adminis- unipolarity and the unilateralism necessary It is therefore inexplicable why the United tration would abrogate the ABM treaty. It to maintain it. States should not use its unique technology was not expected that a Republican adminis- to build the necessary defense against the II. ABM: BURYING BIPOLARITY tration would even more decisively discard next inevitable threat. In May 2000, while still a presidential can- the Kyoto treaty on greenhouse gases. Yet Yet for eight years, the U.S. government this step may be even more far-reaching. didate, George W. Bush gave a speech at the did nothing on the grounds that true safety National Press Club pledging to build a na- To be sure, Bush had good political and lay in a doctrine (mutually assured destruc- economic reasons to discard Kyoto. The Sen- tional missile defense for the United States. tion) and a treaty (the antiballistic missile A year later, as president, he repeated that ate had expressed its rejection of what Clin- treaty) that codifies it. The logic of MAD is ton had negotiated 95–0. The treaty had no in a speech at the National Defense Univer- simple: If either side can ever launch a first. sity. This set off the usual reflexive reaction domestic constituency of any significance. And because missile defenses cast doubt on Its substance bordered on the comic: It ex- of longtime missile defense opponents. What the efficacy of a second strike capacity, they empted China, India, and the other mas- was missed both times, however, was that make the nuclear balance more unstable. sively industrializing polluters in the Third Bush was proposing far more than a revival This argument against missile defense was World from CO restrictions. The cost for the of the missile defense idea that had been put 2 plausible during the Cold War. True, it United States was staggering, while the en- on hold during the Clinton years. Bush also hinged on the very implausible notion of a vironmental benefit was negligible. The ex- declared that he would make unilateral cuts first strike. But at the time, the United empted 1.3 billion Chinese and billion Indi- in American offensive nuclear arms. Taken States and the Soviet Union were mortal ide- ans alone would have been pumping out CO together, what he proposed was a radical new 2 ological enemies. We came close enough in emissions equal to those the United States nuclear doctrine: the end of arms control. Berlin and Cuba to know that war was plau- was cutting. In reality, Kyoto was a huge Henceforth, the United States would build sible. But even then the idea of a first strike transfer of resources from the United States nuclear weapons, both offensive and defen- remained quite fantastic because it meant to the Third World, under the guise of envi- sive, to suit its needs—regardless of what initiating the most destructive war in ronmental protection. others, particularly the Russians, thought. human history. All very good reasons. Nonetheless, the Sure, there would be consultation—no need Today, the idea of Russia or America alacrity and almost casualness with which to be impolite. Humble unilateralism, the launching a bolt from the blue is merely ab- Bush withdrew from Kyoto sent a message oxymoron that best describes this approach, surd. Russia does not define itself as our ex- that the United States would no longer ac- requires it: Be nice, be understanding. But, istential adversary. It no longer sees its mis- quiesce in multilateral nonsense just be- in the end, be undeterred. sion as the abolition of our very way of life. cause it had pages of signatories and bore Liberal critics argue that a missile defense We no longer are nose-to-nose in flashpoints the sheen of international comity. Nonsense would launch a new arms race, with the Rus- like Berlin. Ask yourself: Did you ever in the was nonsense, and would be treated as such. sians building new warheads to ensure that darkest days of the Cold War lie awake at That alarmed the usual suspects. They they could overcome our defenses. The re- night wondering whether Britain or France were further alarmed when word leaked that sponse of the Bush administration is: So or Israel had enough of a second strike ca- the administration rejected the protocol ne- what? If the Russians want to waste what pacity to deter an American first strike gotiated by the Clinton administration for little remains of their economy on such against them? Of course not. Nuclear weap- enforcing the biological weapons treaty of weapons, let them. These nukes are of no ons are not in themselves threats. They be- 1972. The reason here is even more obvious. use. Whether or not Russia builds new mis- come so in conditions of extreme hostility. It The protocol does nothing of the sort. Bio- siles, no American defense will stop a mas- all depends on the intent of the political au- logical weapons are inherently unverifiable. sive Russian first strike anyway. And if Rus- thorities who control them. A Russian or an You can make biological weapons in a lab- sia decides to enlarge its already massive American first strike? We are no longer con- oratory, in a bunker, in a closet. In a police second strike capacity, in a world in which tending over the fate of the earth, over the state, these are unfindable. And police states the very idea of a first strike between us and future of Korea and Germany and Europe. are what we worry about. The countries ef- the Russians is preposterous, then fine Our worst confrontation in the last decade fectively restricted would be open societies again. was over the Pristina airport! with a free press—precisely the countries The premises underlying the new Bush nu- What about China? The fallback for some that we do not worry about. Even worse, the clear doctrine are simple: (1) There is no So- missile defense opponents is that China will protocol would have a perverse effect. It viet Union. (2) Russia—no longer either a su- feel the need to develop a second strike ca- would allow extensive inspection of Amer- perpower or an enemy, and therefore neither pacity to overcome our defenses. But this ican anti-biological-warfare facilities—where a plausibly viable nor an ideological threat— too is absurd. China does not have a second we develop vaccines, protective gear, and the does not count. (3) Therefore, the entire strike capacity. If it has never had one in the like—and thus give information to potential structure of bilateral arms control, both of- absence of an American missile defense, why enemies on how to make their biological fensive and defensive, which was an Amer- should the construction of an American mis- agents more effective against us. ican obsession during the last quarter-cen- sile defense create a crisis of strategic insta- Given the storm over Kyoto, the adminis- tury of the Cold War, is a useless relic. In- bility between us? tration is looking for a delicate way to get deed, it is seriously damaging to American But the new Bush nuclear doctrine does out of this one. There is nothing wrong with security. not just bury MAD. It buries the ABM treaty delicacy. But the thrust of the administra- Henceforth, America will build the best and the very idea of bilateral nuclear coordi- tion—to free itself from the thrall of inter- weaponry it can to meet its needs. And those nation with another superpower. Those national treaty-signing that has character- needs are new. The coming threat is not agreements, on both offensive and defensive ized U.S. foreign policy for nearly a decade— from Russia, but from the inevitable pro- nuclear weapons, are a relic of the bipolar is refreshing. liferation of missiles into the hands of here- world. In the absence of bipolarity, there is One can only marvel at the enthusiasm tofore insignificant enemies. no need to tailor our weapons to the needs or with which the Clinton administration pur- Critics can downplay and discount one threat or wishes of a rival superpower. sued not just Kyoto and the biological pro- such threat or another. North Korea, they Yet the Clinton administration for eight tocol but multilateral treaties on everything say, is incapable of building an interconti- years carried on as if it did. It spent enor- from chemical weapons to nuclear testing. nental ballistic missile. (They were saying mous amounts of energy trying to get the Treaty-signing was portrayed as a way to that right up to the time when it launched a START treaties refined and passed in Russia. build a new structure of legality and regu- three-stage rocket over Japan in 1998). Or It went to great lengths to constrain and larity in the world, to establish new moral they will protest that Iraq cannot possibly dumb down the testing of high-tech weap- norms that would in and of themselves re- build an effective nuclear capacity clandes- onry (particularly on missile defense) to be strain bad behavior. But the very idea of a tinely. They are wrong on the details, but, ‘‘treaty compliant.’’ It spent even more en- Saddam Hussein being morally constrained even more important, they are wrong in ergy negotiating baroque extensions, elabo- by, say, a treaty on chemical weapons is sim- principle: Missile technology is to the 21st rations, and amendments to the ABM treaty. ply silly.

VerDate 19-JUN-2001 00:06 Jun 20, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A19JN6.001 pfrm03 PsN: S19PT1 S6392 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE June 19, 2001 This reality could not have escaped the lib- Britain was the balancer of power in Europe tering source of armed conflict, terror, and eral internationalists who spent the ’90s pur- for over two centuries, always joining the instability. suing such toothless agreements. Why then weaker coalition against the stronger to cre- The ‘‘realist’’ school is more skeptical that did they do it? The deeper reason is that ate equilibrium. Our unique reach around these goals can be achieved at the point of a these treaties offered an opportunity for the world allows us to be—indeed dictates bayonet. True, democracy can be imposed by those who distrusted American power (and that we be—the ultimate balancer in every force, as both Germany and Japan can at- have ever since the Vietnam era) to con- region. We balanced Iraq by supporting its test. But those occurred in the highly un- strain it—and constrain it in ways that give weaker neighbors in the Gulf War. We bal- usual circumstance of total military occupa- the appearance of altruism and good inter- ance China by supporting the ring of smaller tion following a war for unconditional sur- national citizenship. states at her periphery (from South Korea to render. Unless we are willing to wage such Moreover, it was clear that the constraints Taiwan, even to Vietnam). One can argue wars and follow up with the kind of trustee- on American power imposed by U.S.-Soviet whether we should have gone there, but our ship we enjoyed over Germany and Japan, we bipolarity and the agreements it spawned role in the Balkans was essentially to create will find that our interventions on behalf of would soon and inevitably come to an end. a micro-balance: to support the weaker Bos- democracy will leave little mark, as we Even the ABM treaty, the last of these rel- nia Muslims against their more dominant learned with some chagrin in Haiti and Bos- ics, would have to expire of its own obsoles- ethnic neighbors, and subsequently to sup- nia. cent dead weight. In the absence of port the (at the time) weaker Kosovo Alba- Nonetheless, although they disagree on the bipolarity, what was there to hold America nians against the dominant Serbs. stringency of criteria for unleashing Amer- back—from, say, building ‘‘Star Wars’’ weap- (2) To maintain the peace by acting as the ican power, both schools share the premise onry or raping the global environment or world’s foremost anti-proliferator. Weapons that overwhelming American power is good otherwise indulging in the arrogance of of mass destruction and missiles to deliver not just for the United States but for the power? Hence the mania during the last dec- them are the greatest threat of the 21st cen- world. The Bush administration is the first ade for the multilateral treaties that would tury. Non-proliferation is not enough. Pas- administration of the post-Cold War era to impose a new structure of constraint on sive steps to deny rogue states the tech- share that premise and act accordingly. It American freedom of action. nology for deadly missiles and weapons of welcomes the U.S. role of, well, hyperpower. Kyoto and the biological weapons protocol mass destruction is, of course, necessary. In its first few months, its policies have re- are the models for the new structure of But it is insufficient. Ultimately the stuff flected a comfort with the unipolarity of the ‘‘strategic stability’’ that would succeed the gets through. world today, a desire to maintain and en- ABM treaty and its relatives. By summarily What to do when it does? It may become hance it, and a willingness to act unilater- rejecting Kyoto, the Bush administration necessary in the future actually to preempt ally to do so. It is a vision of America’s role radically redefines the direction of American rogue states’ weapons of mass destruction, very different from that elaborated in the foreign policy: rejecting the multilateral as Israel did in 1981 by destroying the Osirak first post-Cold War decade—and far more straitjacket, disenthralling the United nuclear reactor in Iraq. Premption is, of radical than has generally been noted. The States from the notion there is real safety or course, very difficult. Which is why we must French, though, should be onto it very soon. benefit from internationally endorsed parch- begin thinking of moving to a higher plat- ment barriers, and asserting a new American form. Space is the ultimate high ground. For [From the Weekly Standard, June 4, 2001] unilateralism. 30 years, we have been reluctant even to BIG ROTTEN APPLE IV. THE PURPOSES OF UNILATERALISM think about placing weapons in space, but it NEW YORK CITY AFTER GIULIANI This is a posture that fits the unipolarity is inevitable that space will become milita- (By James Higgins) of the 21st century world. Its aim is to re- rized. The only question is: Who will get store American freedom of action. But as yet there first and how will they use it? Liberalism, or paleoliberalism to some, is it is defined only negatively. The question The demilitarization of space is a fine idea what New Yorkers are told will return to remains: freedom of action to do what? and utterly utopian. Space will be an avenue City Hall when term limits force mayor Ru- First and foremost, to maintain our pre- for projection of national power as were the dolph Giuliani to depart in 2002. Four Demo- eminence. Not just because we enjoy our own oceans 500 years ago. The Great Powers that crats are vying to succeed him. power (‘‘It’s good to be the king’’—Mel emerged in the modern world were those But the potential return of Brooks), but because it is more likely to that, above all, mastered control of the high unreconstructed liberalism is not the most keep the peace. It is hard to understand the seas. The only reason space has not yet been menacing aspect of this fall’s election. The enthusiasm of so many for a diminished militarized is that none but a handful of greater threat is the potential return of America and a world reverted to multi- countries are yet able to do so. And none is unreconstructed crime. Not the kind in the polarity. Multipolar international structures remotely as technologically and industrially streets, but the kind in the suites—the suites are inherently less stable, as the cata- and economically prepared to do so as is the of city government and the Democratic strophic collapse of the delicate alliance sys- United States. party. tem of 1914 definitively demonstrated. This is not as radical an idea as one might Everyone old enough to have watched TV Multipolarity, yes, when there is no alter- think. When President Kennedy committed in the 1980s and early 1990s knows that New native. But not when there is. Not when we the United States to a breakneck program of York City before Giuliani was where foreign have the unique imbalance of power that we manned space flight, he understood full well tourists came to pay the world’s highest enjoy today—and that has given the inter- the symbiosis between civilian and military hotel taxes while waiting to be robbed and national system a stability and essential space power. It is inevitable that within a shot. But the depth and breadth of corrup- tranquility it had not known for at least a generation the United States will have an tion in the city’s Democratic establishment century. Army, Navy, Marines, Air Force, and Space during the pre-Giuliani years may be dif- The international environment is far more Force. Space is already used militarily for ficult for non-New Yorkers to grasp. The likely to enjoy peace under a single spying, sensing, and targeting. It could be problem was not just a few rotten apples at hegemon. Moreover, we are not just any uniquely useful, among other things, for the top. Under a series of Democratic may- hegemon. We run a uniquely benign impe- finding and destroying rogue-state missile ors—Abraham Beame, Edward Koch, and rium. This is not mere self-congratulation; it forces. David Dinkins—the whole tree was rotten. It is a fact manifest in the way others welcome (3) To extend the peace by spreading de- was corruption that the New York City our power. It is the reason, for example, the mocracy and free institutions. This is an un- Democrats stood for even more than lib- Pacific Rim countries are loath to see our assailable goal and probably the most endur- eralism, and it was corruption at least as military presence diminished. ing method of promoting peace. The libera- much as liberalism that brought Giuliani to Unlike other hegemons and would-be tion of the Warsaw Pact states, for example, office. It was as if, having jailed much of the hegemons, we do not entertain a grand vi- relieved us of the enormous burden of phys- leadership of New York’s ‘‘Five Families’’ of sion of a new world. No Thousand Year ically manning the ramparts of Western Eu- crime while he was U.S. attorney for the Reich. No New Soviet Man. By position and rope with huge land armies. The zone of de- Southern District of New York, Giuliani had nature, we are essentially a status quo mocracy is almost invariably a zone of to become mayor to flush out this Sixth power. We have no particular desire to re- peace. Family. make human nature, to conquer for the ex- There is a significant disagreement, how- To appreciate the significance of the up- traction of natural resources, or to rule for ever, as to how far to go and how much blood coming election, it’s essential to know this the simple pleasure of dominion. We could and treasure to expend in pursuit of this background. The chief reason the rot was not not wait to get out of Haiti, and we would goal. The ‘‘globalist’’ school favors vigorous always visible to outsiders is the canniness get out of Kosovo and Bosnia today if we intervention and use of force to promote the of Dems in the Big Apple. Unlike their coun- could. Our principal aim is to maintain the spread of our values where they are threat- terpart New Jersey crew, the New York City stability and relative tranquility of the cur- ened or where they need protection to bur- Democratic leadership has refrained from rent international system by enforcing, geon. Globalists supported the U.S. interven- putting into the highest offices sticky-fin- maintaining, and extending the current tion in the Balkans not just on humani- gered characters like U.S. senators Harrison peace. Our goals include: tarian grounds, but on the grounds that ulti- Williams and Robert Torricelli. The New (1) To enforce the peace by acting, unique- mately we might widen the zone of democ- York Democrats could have been working ly, as the balancer of last resort everywhere. racy in Europe and thus eliminate a fes- from the template of the mobsters who once

VerDate 19-JUN-2001 01:04 Jun 20, 2001 Jkt 089060 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\CR\FM\A19JN6.006 pfrm03 PsN: S19PT1 June 19, 2001 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S6393 controlled Las Vegas: They’ve always chosen lar (ABM) or multipolar (Kyoto), in the Rumsfield, read Deputy Secretary Wolfowitz clean front men. There was never a hint of name of good international citizenship. known Vice President Cheney or listened to personal corruption on the part of Beame, The word now, however, is that Bush has President Bush would be wise to place his Koch, or Dinkins. Their administrations gone soft. He sends Secretary of State Colin bet at the ‘‘no wobble’’ window. were another story. Consider: Powell to Europe to try to get agreement on The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- missile defenses. He tries, reports the New Under Ed Koch, the entire city department pore. Under the previous order, the charged with inspecting restaurants had to York Times in high scoop mode, to cook an be closed because there was almost no one ABM deal with the Russians—shades of the time until 10:45 a.m. shall be under the left to do the job after investigators arrested old days. He then concedes there is global control of the Senator from Kansas, the inspectors who were taking bribes. Not warming and promises action. ‘‘When Presi- Mr. BROWNBACK. long afterwards, the department that in- dent Bush announces . . . that he will seek Mr. BROWNBACK. Thank you, Mr. spected taxicabs had to be closed for exactly millions of dollars for new research into the President. the same reason. causes of global warming,’’ reported the f Over an extended period of the ’80s and Times just one week ago, ‘‘. . . it will mark early ’90s, the felony rate among Democratic yet another example of how global and do- EMBRYONIC STEM CELL borough leaders in New York City ap- mestic politics have forced him to back away RESEARCH proached 50 percent. Criminal defense law- from the hairline pronouncements of his first yers tell me that if senior managers of a pri- five months in the White House.’’ Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. President, I vate business used their jobs to commit The Bush administration, explained News- rise today to address the issue of em- crimes at this rate, the entire enterprise week, began by ‘‘playing the bully.’’ But bryonic stem cell research and cloning. would be inviting a RICO indictment. then ‘‘the Bushies began to see that they The two issues are inexplicably tied to- The Beame, Koch, and Dinkins administra- could not simply impose their agenda on a gether. I want to discuss this in the tions approved a contract with school balky and complex world.’’ The alleged cave has been greeted with narrow context of Federal funding for custodians that was close to being criminal embryonic stem cell research and on its face: The custodians were required smug satisfaction from those on the left who only to maintain schools to ‘‘minimum see Bush returning, after a brief flirtation cloning. The two are tied together in standards,’’ and the contract precluded any with the mad-dog ideological right, to the what is currently being discussed. They basic soundness of post-Cold War foreign pol- effective enforcement mechanism. The lucky take an embryo, raise it to a certain icy as established by the Clinton administra- custodians then personally got to keep what- age, kill the embryo, take the stem tion. ever money in their budgets they didn’t Dream on. cell out of the embryo—the young stem spend doing their jobs. This type of contract Has Bush gone wobbly? Not at all. cells inside that are reproducing on a came to an end only after a 1992 60 Minutes Ask yourself: If you really wanted to re- rapid basis—and use those in research, segment showed the custodians spending less assert American unilateralism, to get rid of or use those for human development time at the filthy schools they were osten- the cobwebs of the bipolar era and the myr- sibly maintaining than attending to the and in the capacity of making other or- iad Clinton-era treaty strings trying Gul- gans in the future. yachts they acquired—and did maintain—at liver down, what would you do? No need for taxpayer expense. in-your-face arrogance. No need to humili- The next step will be to take the Pre- As pre-Giuliani taxi and limousine com- ate. No need to proclaim that you will ignore siding Officer’s DNA material, my DNA missioner Herb Ryan described the system nattering allies and nervous enemies. material, the Official Reporter’s DNA after he was caught taking bribes, ‘‘Every- Journalists can talk like that because the material, or the DNA material of some body else has their own thing. I just wanted trust is clarifying. Governments cannot talk of the new interns, take it out, and put to get my own thing.’’ The literal trans- like that because the truth is scary. The it into an embryo that has been lation of ‘‘Our Thing’’ is, of course, La Cosa trick to unilateralism—doing what you Nostra. think is right, regardless of what others denuclized, take that DNA material, This is just a small sample of what the think—is to pretend you are not acting uni- put it into the embryo, and start the Sixth Family Democrats and their ap- laterally at all. Thus if you really want to growth that is again taking place so pointees did—indeed, just a small sample of junk the ABM Treaty, and the Europeans you will have a cloned individual. what they were caught doing. That predicate and Russians and Chinese start screaming That is an individual who has exactly criminal activity is a major part of what in bloody murder, the trick is to send Colin the same DNA as somebody else. Sci- 1989 lured political rising star and crime- Powell to smooth and sooth and schmooze entists grow it to a certain age, kill fighter Rudy Giuliani to run for mayor, a job every foreign leader in sight, have the embryo, and take those stem cells that for more than a century had been a po- Condoleezza Rica talk about how much we litical dead end. value allied input, have President Bush in from that embryo to be used to make Europe stress how missile defense will help an organ, or make brain cells, or make [From the Washington Post, June 18, 2001] the security of everybody. And then go ahead something else. ... FROM A NO-WOBBLE BUSH and junk the ABM Treaty regardless. Make These two topics are tied together. It (By Charles Krauthammer) nice, then carry on. is a gate which shouldn’t open. Or, say you want to kill the Kyoto protocol ‘‘Remember George, this is no time to go Initially, I think we need to talk (which the Senate rejected 95–0 and which about Federal funding in Congress. We wobbly.’’ So said Margaret Thatcher to the not a single EU country has ratified) and the first President Bush just days after Saddam Eueopeans hypocritically complain. The need to discuss the issue raised regard- Hussein attacked Kuwait. Bush did not go trick is to have the president go to Europe to ing Federal funding of destructive em- wobbly. He invaded. stress, both sincerely and correctly, that the bryonic research. My position is that A decade later, the second George Bush United States wants to be in the forefront of federally funded human embryonic came into office and immediately began a using science and technology to attack the stem cell research is illegal, it is im- radical reorientation of U.S. foreign policy. problem—but make absolutely clear that moral, and it is unnecessary for where Now, however the conventional wisdom is you’ll accept no mandatory cuts and tolerate that in the face of criticism from domestic we are and what we know today. We no treaty that penalizes the United States have other solutions that are legal, opponents and foreign allies, Bush is backing and lets China, India and the Third World off down. the hook. ethical, moral, and superior to where Has W. gone wobbly? In his first days, he Be nice, but be undeterred. The best we are going with these Federal funds offered a new American nuclear policy that unlateralism is velvet-glove unilateralism. today regarding embryonic stem cell scraps the 1972 anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty, At the end of the day, for all the rhetorical research and cloning. builds defenses against ballistic missile at- bows to Russia, European and liberal sen- The issue of destructive embryo re- tack and unilaterally cuts U.S. offensive nu- sibilities, look at how Bush returns from Eu- search has come into better focus over clear forces without wrangling with the Rus- rope: Kyoto is dead. The ABM Treaty is his- sians over arms control, the way of the past tory, Missile defense is on. NATO expansion the past few weeks as the new adminis- 30 years. He then summarily rejected the is relaunched. And just to italicize the new tration prepares to take definitive ac- Kyoto protocol on climate control, which turn in American foreign policy, the number tion on the Clinton-era guidelines would have forced the United States to un- of those annual, vaporous U.S.-EU summits which call the destruction of human dertake a ruinous 30 percent cut in CO2 emis- has been cut from two to one. embryos for the purposes of subsequent sions while permitting China, India and most Might the administration yet bend to the federal funding for the cells that have of humanity to pollute at will. critics and abandon the new unilateralism? been derived through the process of Bush’s assertion of American freedom of Perhaps. But the crowing of the Washington embryo destruction. action outraged those—U.S. Democrats, Eu- foreign policy establishment that this has al- ropeans, Russians—who prefer to see the ready occurred is wishful thinking. Currently, we say, OK. You can’t de- world’s only superpower bound and re- Will he wobble? Everything is possible. But stroy the embryo, but you can use strained by treaty constraints, whether bipo- anyone who has watched Defense Secretary what is taken from the destruction of

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