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Chapel Booklet THE CHAPEL of the REFORMED FAITH THE BRICK CHURCH Founded 1767 PARK AVENUE AT 91st STREET NEW YORK CITY (, THE CHAPEL of the I REFORMED FAITH Dedicated May 25, 1952 THE CHAPEL OF THE REFORMED FAITH This Chapel was envisioned and brought to com­ For two centuries The Brick Church has played pletion by The Reverend Dr. Paul Austin Wolfe, an important part in the religious life of New York Minister, The Brick Presbyterian Church, City. The first Brick Church was built at Beekman and Nassau Streets in 1767 and dedicated on 1938-1964, to commemorate and reveal the history January 1, 1768, under the ministry of Dr. John and growth and on-going life of the Reformed Rodgers. Faith. In 1858 the second house of worship of The Brick Church was dedicated at Fifth Avenue and 37th Street on October 31st under the ministry of The Chapel Building Committee Dr. Gardiner Spring. In 1937 preparations for the third move of The H. LEWIS, Chairman Brick Church were started. The 37th Street building was sold and property for the new church MADISON assembled at 91st Street and Park Avenue. While FRAYSERC. JONES the new church was under construction the con­ H. CURTISS GROVE gregation used the sanctuary of The Park Avenue PRYOR KALT Presbyterian Church at 85th Street with which it had merged. Architects ADAMS AND WOODBRIDGE In October, 1938, Dr. Paul Austin Wolfe was called as Minister. Under his leadership the new church building was erected and dedicated on April General Contractor 14, 1940. However, due to the restrictions of the war years neither the Parish House nor the Chapel was finished though space had been provided for each VERMILYA BROWN in the plans. Despite its unfinished state the Chapel Woodwork was used during the next ten years, providing ample time for the study and consideration of many JACOB FROELICH plans. Ironwork Dr. Wolfe visited Williamsburg, Virginia, in the spring of 1950. While sitting in the Chamber of Deputies of Virginia's colonial Capitol the shape P. A. FIEBIGER of that room reminded him of the chapel. The benches in the Chamber ran the length of the room with delegates of the people confronting one another and discussing the business of the colony. Such an arrangement was fundamental for 2 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction 2 I. The Chapel of The Reformed Faith 3 II. Symbolism of the Chapel 5 III. The Cross and Mosaics on the Chapel Floor ...... 8 IV. The Reformation Flags 16 V. Prophets of the Reformation 17 VI. Great Leaders of the Holy Catholic Church 20 VII. European Leaders of the Holy Catholic Church ............ .. 23 VIII. American Leaders of the Reformed Faith 27 IX. The Reformed Faith at Work Today . 32 X. Gifts and Memorials 37 XI. Bequests 41 XII. Contributors to the Chapel Fund ... 42 parliamentary government and suggested the very tap-roots of our representative Presbyterian system. Later Dr. Wolfe visited the Christopher Wren Chapel at William and Mary College in Virginia and saw its parallel arrangement of stalls. This he II realized would solve the problem of the unbalanced space within The Brick Church Chapel which was SYMBOLISM OF THE CHAPEL greater on the south side than on the north. Adams and Woodbridge, Architects, were asked to make a scale model providing for two rows of stalls running lengthwise on the south side of the The Chapel symbolizes the faith of that part Chapel and one row on the north side. This they of the Holy Catholic Church which is known as the did in the autumn of 1950 and the results were Reformed Faith. This Reformed Faith begins with greeted with enthusiasm. Christ and the Cross. The Cross at the head of the In the spring of 1951 a Committee composed Chancel reminds us that Christ is the only Head of of Madison H. Lewis, Chairman, Curtiss C. Grove, the Church. The Faith comes to us through the Frayser Jones and Pryor H. Kalt, was authorized Bible (open upon the Communion Table), through the Apostles (represented by the mosaic seal of St. t? proceed with working plans, and the congrega­ tion was asked to raise a fund of not less than Paul and St. Peter in the Chancel floor), through $75,000 to complete the work. In less than a year the work of the Reformers at Geneva (represented the congregation responded with more than $85 000 by the sunburst mosaic of the Church of Geneva in gifts. This, together with the funds accumul�ted just outside of the Chancel), and through the work in a Special Chapel Fund, made it possible to of the Reformed Churches in Great Britain and on dedicate the Chapel free of debt. the continent (represented by the mosaic seals on the floor of the nave). As Dr. Wolfe worked with the Committee and Architects on this project he constantly kept before The Cross is a Celtic Cross known in the them the greatness of the Reformed Faith and Reformed Church as the Cross of Iona. It is of wood, emphasized that every expression of stone or glass hand-carved in Italy, and richly polychromed, its or wood should testify to that greatness. It was his carved runic knots and fanciful scrolls inspired by insight and knowledge that suggested the symbols, the Book of Kells. At its center is the Alpha and Omega (Revelation 1:8). The Island of Iona is the �rests, mosaics, flags and windows. The sanctuary 1s thus a living witness to the rich heritage of our location of the Monastery of St. Columba, founded Presbyterian Church. It provides inspiration not in 563 A.D. from which Celtic Christianity set out only for us, but for our children's children. to Christianize Scotland. Linked with the historic Church of Christ the The Dossal hanging behind the Cross was Chapel through its symbolism speaks first of �11 of woven expressly for the Chapel by the ancient firm our faith in Christ, Who is the only Head of the of Lisio in Florence, Italy. It is 7th century Byzan­ Church. It affirms that faith through a recognition tine in design, a reproduction of an original in the of Christ's revelation to men and nations down treasury of the Sancta Sanctorum Chapel in the through the years. Finally, it points to the future Lateran in Rome. The aureoled cocks woven into by presenting the pattern of the Presbyterian the silk tapestry are the "ales diei nuntius" the Church at work in our own time. winged announcer of the day, symbolizing Christ as the awakener of souls. The Communion Table below the Cross has carved on its front the words of the ancient response of the Sursum Corda, going back to sub­ apostolic times, and found in most Common 4 5 C Liturgies of both Eastern and Western Churches As the religious chains of ten centuries were - "Let us give thanks unto the Lord our God." thrown off in Switzerland, Zurich and Geneva there Used in both standard orders for Presbyterian were uprisings against religious tyranny. Geneva observance of the Sacrament, these words are became a center of refuge for the persecuted reminders of the thanksgiving nature of the Com­ Christians of Europe. munion which is in fact the meanng of the Greek­ John Calvin, through his work in Geneva, derived word, "Eucharist". brought together the Christian thinking of fifteen On the Communion Table is found an open centuries. He implemented it with representative Bible God's revelation and God's truth offered to government and a liturgy founded upon the par­ men and women. On either side of it are two ticipation of the people. During the 16th Century, candles representing the Old and the New the key doctrines of the sovereignty of God, the Testaments. priesthood of all believers, and the right of private judgment spread to the great national churches of The Reformed Faith stresses the Ministry of Europe. In the 17th Century these doctrines were the Word and Sacraments. God speaks to men and primary in the colonization of America, and even­ women through the Bible, and God feeds their souls tually set the pattern of American constitutional through the Holy Communion given in both kinds democracy. to all believers. Today there are more than 41,000,000 At the front of the Chancel is a wrought iron communicants in Churches of the Reformed Faith. rail of exquisite design, the cross and cluster of This significant aspect of historic Christianity is grapes alternating, symbolizing the unfailingabun­ symbolized in the Chapel of the Reformed Faith. dance of God's love and forgiveness through the Cross. At this rail believers receive the Sacraments of Baptism and the Lord's Supper, men and women take the vows of Holy Matrimony, and prayers are offered for God's grace and God's peace. The Thistle of Scotland, the Rose of England, and the Fleur-de-Lis of France form the poly­ chromed cornice of the Chapel. Around the win­ dows and Chancel panels are the Red Berries of Hungary and the Fleur-de-Lis of France. Through the Reformed Churches, God's revela­ tion has spread to all the peoples of the world. It was given by Christ. It descended to the Apostles. From the Apostles it was handed on to the Church Fathers, and so to the leaders of the Reformation of the 16th Century. By 1500 the Reformation of the Holy Catholic Church, eagerly awaited for three centuries by devout Christians, was long overdue. In spite of papal fury when Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses on the door of the Castle Church at Wittenberg he would not retract them.
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