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Taxonomy and Zoogeography of Intertidal Ostracoda (Crustacea) from the Cape Verde Islands (Atlantic Ocean)

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Taxonomy and Zoogeography of Intertidal Ostracoda (Crustacea) from the Cape Verde Islands (Atlantic Ocean) I I BULLETI N DE L'INSTITUT RO YAL DES SCIENCES NATURELLES DE BELGIQUE, BIOLOGIE, 73 : 137-1 59, 2003 BULLETI N VAN HET KON INKLIJK BELGI SCH INSTITUUT VOO R NATUU RWETENSC HAPPE N, BIOLOGIE, 73 : 137-159,2003 Taxonomy and zoogeography of intertidal Ostracoda (Crustacea) from the Cape Verde Islands (Atlantic Ocean) by Karel WOUTERS Abstract The aim of this paper is in the first place to in ventory the ostracod fa una of the Cape Verde Islands, and where possi­ Ostracoda recovered fro m five samples collected in the intertidal bl e, to compare it with other regions, in order to draw some zone of St. Vincent Island (Cape Verde Islands) are studied. These zoogeographical conclusions. comprise thirteen species, belonging to eleven genera. Two species are new, three are reported for th e first time since their ori gin al de­ scri pti on in the 19'" century, and three are named in open nomencla­ Material and methods ture. Four species had already been descri bed from elsewhere, two from the tropical realm, and two fro m th e Mediterranean, and one The materi al used in this study was collected by my col­ species had previously been described from the Cape Verde Islands by the present author. Their taxonomy and zoogeography are brie fl y league Thierry BACKELJAU in February 1996, on Ilha de Sao discussed. Vi cente (= St. Vincent), of the Cape Verde Islands. This ar­ chipelago is situated in the A tl antic Ocean, about 850 km Key-words: Ostracoda, taxonomy, Cape Verde Islands, west of Senegal, at ca 16° N and 24° W. All samples were zoogeography, faunisti cs. coll ected in the intertidal zone, in the fo ll owing localities. Ilha de Sao Vi cente (St. Vincent Island): Introduction - Sao Pedro, western part of the island, bay near airport, sedi­ ment sample in rock pool, 4 Feb. 1996 (n° 6); The number of publicati ons dealing with recent manne - Baia das Gatas, northeastern part of the island, two bottom ostracods from the Cape Verde Islands is very limited. T he samples, on sand between boulders (n° 9- 10 ), one sample in most important publicati on is "Les Fonds de Ia Mer", sheltered zone, with muddy sediment (n° 11 ), and one sedi­ wherein BRADY (1 869- 1870) described ten new species fro m ment sample in a rock pool near the fisheries centre (n° 13), 5 St. Vincent Island . Later, the sam e author (B RADY, 1880), Feb. 1996; added two more new species, also from St. Vincent Island, - Calhau, eastern part of the island, sediment sample in rock coll ected during the C hallenger expedi tion. Three of the spe­ pool, 7 Feb. 1996 (n° 19). · cies described by BRADY in "Les Fonds de Ia Mer" were found again in the present study. Apart from some latitudi­ Only specimens with soft parts were used in the present nally restricted work (for an overview, see W OO D & study. The valves are stored dry in micropalaeontological WH ATLEY, 1994), the most important paper on West A frican slides, and the dissected append ages are preserved in glycer­ ostracods was publi shed by WITTE (1993), who described 59 ine preparati ons. All material is deposited in the Ostracod species (1 6 of them new) from beach sand in Senegal and the Coll ecti on (numbers O.C. 2768-28 14) of the Royal Belgian Gambia. It is surpris in g that onl y three of the species men­ Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels. tioned by WITTE from Senegal (onl y 850 km east of the Cape Verde Islands) were actually found in the Cape Verde Islands. T he reasons for this are probably twofold. First, knowledge Taxonomic account of taxonomy and distribution of West African marine ostracods is rather limited, in spite of the important contribu­ Class Ostracoda LATREILLE, 1804 ti on by WITTE, and second, the Cape Verde archipelago, be­ Subclass Podocopa M OLLER , 1894 cause of its geographi cal position at the edge of the subtropi ­ Order Pl atycopida SARS, 1866 cal and tropical zone, and its particul ar hydrographic charac­ Family Cytherellidae SARS , 1866 teri stics m ay possibly have a different faunal compositi on. Genus Cythere lloidea ALEXANDER, 1929 II 138 KAREL WOUTERS Cytherelloidea cuneolus (BRADY, 1870) larger depressions. Longitudinal ridges and dorsal and (Pl. 1, figs 1-8; pl. 12, figs I a-c) postero-dorsal oblique ridges weakly expressed. Male sixth limb with a large recurved pedifmm palp . Copulatory ap­ 1870 Cytherella cuneollls (G .S. BRADY)- BRADY, in: DE FOU N & PERIER, pendage long (ca l/3 of valve length); width about 60 % of Fonds de Ia Mer, p. 192- 193, pl. 19, figs 18-1 9. length of appendage. Wide and long, spirally coiled, distally open copulatory tube. SPECIFIC NAME: Latin cuneolus = diminuti ve of cu11eus, wedge; cuneolus is used here as a noun standing in apposi­ MEASUREMENTS : L 0.61-0.66 mm; H 0.32-0.37 mm. tion to the generic name. TYPE LOCALITY: Saint Vincent, Cape Verde Islands (BRADY , COMMENTS: C. cuneolus is externally quite similar to the 1870). Mediterranean species C. beckmanni BARB EITO-GONZALEZ, 1971 (see also SISSINGH , 1972, p. 73 ; STAMBOLIDES , 1985 , p. MATERI AL: two males and one female (O.C. 2770-2772), 184; ARANKI , 1987, p. 45). C. beckmanni, however, is a fro m Baias das Gatas and Calhau (stations 11 and 19). markedly larger species, with more prominent longitudinal ridges. DI AGNOS IS : male carapace compressed in dorsal view, ovate­ This is the first record of the species, since the ori gin al de­ subquadrate with rounded posterior margin in lateral view. sc ription by BR ADY (1870). Female carapace wedge-shaped in dorsal view, wi th subtruncate posterior margin in lateral view. Female valves Order Podocopida SARS , 1866 proportionally hi gher. Brood cavity expressed as two rather Suborder Bai rdi ocopina SARS, 1865 indistinct posterior swellings. Musc le scar sulcus weakly Superfamily Bairdioidea SARS , 1865 developed. Val ve surface with numerous, delicate, sharply Family Pussellidae DAN IELOPOL, 1976 (in MADDOCKS delineated polygonal fossae; fossae Jess developed in central 1976) area of valve. Left valves with anterior submarginal row of Genus Pussella DANIELOPOL, 1973 Fi g. I . Distribution of Pussella (circles ) and Danipussel/a (sq uares) . 1. P boloscmeanui DANIELOPOL, 1973. 2. P dan ielopoLi M ADDOC KS , 1976. 3. P injraluronica POKORNY, 1989 (Cretaceous, Turonian). 4 . Pussella sp. POKORNY , 1989 (Cretaceous, Turonian). 5. Pussel/a sp. (thi s paper). 6. Pussel/a sp. JELLINEK, 1993. 7. P. cf. da nielopoli JELLINEK, 1993. 8. P rhomboidea (BRAD Y, 1869)(new combination). 9. Pussella sp. (pers. co li.). I 0. An chislrocheles aff. sp. CAB IOCH et al. , 1986 (= Pussella) . II. P jijiensis HIRUTA, 1994. 12. D. se1pellliHa WOUTERS, 1988. 13. Danipussel/a sp. CORR EGE, 1993. 14. D. rhamphodes HIRUTA, 1994. '' Taxonomy and zoogeography of intertidal Ostracoda (Crustacea) from the Cape Verde Islands (Atlantic Ocean) 139 Pl ate 1. Cyrh ere/loidea cun eolus (BR ADY , 1870) , male specimen (O.C. 2770). Fig. l. Antennul e. Fig. 2. Antenn a. Fig. 3. Maxi llul e. Fig. 4. Mandi ble. Fi g. 5. Furca and abdomin al ext remity. Fig. 6. Fifth limb (without respiratory pl ate). Fig. 7. Sixth limb (w ithout respiratory plate). Fig. 8. Hemipenis. Scale: 50 )..1111. II 140 KAREL WOUTERS Pussella sp. elongate, mostly longitudinally oriented depressions , sur­ (Pl. 2, figs 1-8) rounded by long muri. Large eye tubercle. Hinge with small "Aurila-tooth" in the LV posterior socket. About 105-108 MATERIAL: one male specimen (O.C. 2773), from Calhau straight and simple marginal pore canals. Very shallow (station 9). antero-ventral vestibulum. Adductor scar pattern consisting of a rounded dorsal scar, two dorsa-median scars, a con­ DESCRIPTION: small valves, with three anterior and two pos­ stricted, but not divided ventro-median scar and an oval ven­ terior hollow spines. Valve surface completely smooth. Ap­ tral scar. Appendages, see Pl. 3. pendages, see plate 2. Hemipenis large, and very complex, with two pointed hook-like processes. MEASUREMENTS: L 0.55-0.57 mm; H 0.31-0.34 mm. MEASUREMENTS : L 0.32 mm ; H 0.13 mm. COMMENTS: the present species is assigned to the genus Auradilus, using the diagnostic features, described by COMMENTS : until now eleven Pussella-species have been re­ JELLINEK ( 1995). Because of the presence of a constricted, corded, some of them in open nomenclature: (I) P. but undivided ventro-median adductor scar, however, the as­ botosaneanui DANIELOPOL, 1973, (2) P. danielopoli signment of this species to the genus Auradilus is not quite MADDOCKS, 1976, (3) P. infraturonica POKORNY, 1989 (Cre­ certain. taceous, Turonian), (4) Pussella sp. POKORNY, 1989 (Creta­ This is the first record of the species, since the original de­ ceous, Turonian), (5) Pussella sp. (this paper), (6) Pussella scription by BRADY (1870), which was also based on mate­ sp. JELLINEK , 1993, (7) P. cf. danielopoli JELLINEK, 1993, (8) rial from St. Vincent. It furthermore represents the second P rhomboidea (BRADY, 1869)(described as Bairdia Auradilus-species known to occur in the East-Atlantic rhomboidea by BRADY; new combination), (9) Pussella sp. Ocean. The other species, A. falcatus (WITTE, 1993), was (pers. coli.), ( 10) Anchistrocheles aff. sp. CAB lOCH et at., described from Senegal. Still another Auradilus-species, A. 1986 (= Pussella) and (11) P.fijiensis HIRUTA, 1994. costatus (Hu, 1979), was reported by FAUTH & COIMBRA Pussella sp. from the Cape Verde Island is most certainly a (1998) from the West-Atlantic Ocean (Brazilian continental new species. In absence of sufficient material, however, the shelf).
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