A Pocket Manual of North Carolina for the Use of Members of the General Assembly

A POCKET MANUAL OF NORTH CAROLINA

FOR THE USE OF

1EMBERS OF THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY

SESSION 1909.

COMPILED AND ISSUED BY

THE NORTH CAROLINA HISTORICAL COMMISSION

1909.

f^ PREFACE.

This little volume was compiled by the Historical Commission in

order to furnish to the members of the General Assembly of L909, in convenient form, information about the Stale which otherwise would

require much investigation in many different sources. It is also

hoped that it may prove of value and service to others who desire to have in succinct form such data about North Carolina. Similar

Manuals, issued in 1905 and 1!)(>7 by the Secretary of State, have

proven of very general utility and interest. Requests for copies have come not only from all over North Carolina, but from most of the for them has been so -rent thai I States of the Union, and the demand

editions have been and it is now extremely dif I both long exhausted,

ficult to secure a copy. A comparatively small number of copie

the .Manual for 1909 have been printed, because it is (lie hope of the

Historical Commission later to elaborate it, incorporating a great deal

more data about the State, and giving North Carolina a Manual equal to those issued by the other States of the Union. In the meantime the Historical Commission trusts that the mem hers of the General Assembly of 1909 will find this little volume of service to them in their work.

r CALENDAR, 1909. OFFICIAL REGISTER FOR THE YEAR 1909.

LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT.

William C. Newland President of the Senate Caldwell. Augustus W. Graham Speaker of House of Representatives- Granville. EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT.

William W. Kitchin Governor Person. J. Bryan Grimes Secretary of State Pitt. Benjamin F. Dixon Auditor Cleveland. Benjamin R. Lacy Treasurer Wake. James Y. Joyner Superintendent of Public Instruction Guilford. T. W. Bickett Attorney- General Franklin. OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES OF THE STATE DEPARTMENTS. DEPARTMENT OF THE EXECUTIVE.

William W. Kitchin Governor Person. William C. Newland Lieutenant-Governor Caldwell. Alexander J. Feild Private Secretary Wake. Miss Annie Travis Executive Clerk Halifax. COUNCIL OF STATE.

Secretary of State, Treasurer, Auditor, Superintendent of Public Instruction. DEPARTMENT OF STATE.

J. Bryan Grimes Secretary of State Pitt. George W. Norwood Grant Clerk Wake. William S. Wilson Corporation Clerk Caswell. J. E. Sawyer Clerk Wake. Miss Minnie Bagwell Stenographer Wake. Edmund B. Norvell Enrolling Clerk Cherokee. DEPARTMENT OF THE STATE AUDITOR. Benjamin F. Dixon Auditor Cleveland. Everard H. Baker Chief Clerk Franklin. Baxter Durham Tax Clerk Wake. Mrs. Fannie W. Smith Pension Clerk and Stenographer Wake. DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY. Benjamin R. Lacy Treasurer --Wake. W. F. Moody Chief Clerk Mecklenburg. Percy B. Fleming Teller --Franklin. H M. Reece Institution Clerk Guilford. Miss May Jones Stenographer Buncon DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION. James Y. Joyner Superintendent of Public Instruction -Guilford. Allen J. Barwick Chief Clerk -Lenoir. Charles H. Mebane Clerk of Loan Fund Catawba.

. Croa- I T . •• j Supt. of Teacher Training and c|..,,i. J. A.Bivms Stanly. .--j tan and colored Normal Schools, f N. W. Walker State Inspector Public High Schools ..Orange. Miss Hattie B. Arrington Stenographer ^ ake. State Board of Education.—Governor, President: Superintendent of Public Instruc tion. Secretary; Lieutenant-Governor, Secretary of State, Auditor, Treasurer, Attorney General. State Board of Examiners.—James Y. Joyner, Chairman ex officio; Alien J. Barwick Secretary; Franklin L. Stevens, N. W. Walker, John Graham, Zebulon V. Judd. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE.

T. W. Bickett Attorney-General Franklin. Miss Sarah Burkhead Stenographer Columbus. CORPORATION COMMISSION.

Franklin McNeill Chairman New Hanover, Samuel L. Rogers Commissioner Macon. Benjamin F. Aycock Commissioner Wayne. Henry C. Brown Chief Clerk Surry. Stedman Thompson Assistant Clerk Wake. Kemp P. Doughton State Bank Examiner Alleghany. W. L. Williams Assistant State Bank Examiner Cumberland.' Miss E. G. Riddick Stenographer Gates. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND PRINTING.

M. L. Shipman Commissioner Henderson. George B. Justice Assistant Commissioner Mecklenburg. Miss Daisy Thompson Stenographer Wake. E. M. Uzzell State Printer Wake. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. William A. Graham Commissioner Lincoln. Elias Carr - Secretary of Board of Agriculture Edgecombe. B. W. Kilgore State Chemist Wake. W. J. Hartman Acting Veterinarian Wake. Franklin Sherman, Jr. Entomologist Wake. H. H. Brimley Naturalist and Curator Wake. w'. N. Hutt Horticulturist Wake. W. M. Allen Food Chemist Anson. J. M. Pickel '— Assistant Chemist • Wake. C. D. Harris Chemist and Microscopist Wake. W. G. Haywood Assistant Chemist Wake. G. M. MacNider Assistant Soils Chemist Orange. L. L. Brinkley Assistant Chemist Wake. S. O. Perkins Assistant Chemist Wake. Hampden Hill Assistant Chemist -- Wake. R. W. Scott. Jr Supt. Edgecombe Test Farm Edgecombe. F T. Meacham Supt. Iredell Test Farm Iredell. John H. Jefferies Supt. Pender Test Farm Pender. R. W. Collett Supt. Transylvania Test Farm Transylvania. J. L. Burgess Agronomist Guilford. T. B. Parker Demonstrator Wayne. STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE.

William A. Graham Chairman ex officio Lincoln. J. J. Laughinghouse First District Pitt.. C W. Mitchell Second District Bertie. William Dunn Third District Craven. Ashley Home Fourth District Johnston. R W. Scott Fifth District Alamance. A. T. McCullum Sixth District Robeson. J P McRae Seventh District Lee. R' L Doughton Eighth District Alleghany. W J Shuford Ninth District Catawba A Cannon Tenth District Henderson. DEPARTMENT OF INSURANCE. James R. Young Commissioner Vance. D. H. Milton Chief Clerk Rockingham. R. B. Coit Deputy and Actuary \\ W. A. Scott Deputy Guilford. A. H. Yerby License Clerk Wake. Miss Mary V. Marsh Bookkeeper Sampson. Miss Ida Montgomery Stenographer Warren. HISTORICAL COMMISSION.

J. Bryan Grimes Chairman Pitt. W. J. Peele Commissioner Wake. Thomas W. Blount Commissioner Washington. M. C. S. Noble Commissioner Orange. D. H. Hill Commissioner Wal R. D. W. Connor Secretary Wake. BOARD OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS AND GROUNDS.

Governor, Secretary of State, State Treasurer, Attorney-General. PUBLIC BUILDINGS.

C. C. Cherry Superintendent -• Edgecombe, STATE LIBRARY.

Miles O. Sherrill Librarian Catawba. Miss Carrie E. Broughton Assistant Librarian Wake. TRUSTEES OF STATE LIBRARY.

Governor. Superintendent of Public Instruction, Secretary of State. PURCHASING COMMITTEE.

Miles O. Sherrill, r Tnnnm- Walter Clark. R " Dn " W " Conn01 ' James Y. Joyner. Daniel H. Hill. JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT. JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT. Walter Clark - Chief Justice --Raleigh- --Wake. Henry G. Connor Associate Justice -- Wilson-- Wilson. Piatt D. Walker Associate Justice Charlotte- George H. Brown Associate Justice Washington-- fort. William A.Hoke Associate Justice Lincolnton -. - Lincoln. OFFICIALS OF THE SUPREME COURT. 'Thomas S.Kenan Clerk Raleigh- Wake. J. L. Seawell Office Clerk Ralei Wake. Robert H. Bradley Marshal and Librarian Raleigh- Wale.-. Wal (Robert C. Strong Reporter -Raleigh JUDGES OF THE SUPERIOR COURTS. George W. Ward Elizabeth City Pasquota Robert B. Peebles Jackson Noi Owen H. Guion New Bern Craven. Charles M. Cooke Louisburg — Oliver H. Allen Kinston — Lei William R. Allen Goldsboro ^ •»"•' 8

judges OF the superior courts—continued. Chatham Calhoun Lyon Elizabethtown Bladen W. J. Adams Carthage Moore J. Crawford Biggs Durham Durham Benjamin F. Long Statesville Iredell. Erastus B. Jones Winston Forsyth James L. Webb Shelby Cleveland W. B. Councill Hickory Catawba.' M. H. Justice Rutherfordton Rutherford. J. S. Adams Asheville Buncombe. Garland S. Ferguson Waynesville Haywood. SOLICITORS.

Hallett S. Ward . Washington-" Beaufort.' John H. Kerr Warrenton Warren. Charles L. Abernethy Beaufort Carteret. Charles C. Daniels Wilson Wilson. Rudolph Dutfy Catharine Lake Onslow. Armistead Jones Raleigh Wake. N. A. Sinclair Fayetteville Cumberland. L. D. Robinson Wadesboro Anson. Jones Fuller Durham Durham. William C. Hammer Ashboro Randolph S. P. Graves-— Mt. Airy Surry. Hei-iot Clarkson Charlotte Mecklenburg Frank A. Linney Boone Watauga. J. F. Spainhour Morganton Burke. Mark W. Brown Asheville Buncombe. Thad. D. Bryson Bvyson City _• Swain. SALARIES OF THE STATE OFFICERS.

Governor $4, 000 Secretary of State 3,500 State Auditor 3^ 000 State Treasurer 3' 500 Superintendent of Public Instruction 3*000 Attorney-General 3' 000 Insurance Commissioner 3^500 Corporation Commissioners 3, 000 Commissioner of Agriculture 3] 250 Commissioner of Labor and Printing l' 500 SALARIES OF THE JUDGES.

Judges of the Supreme Court $3,500 Judges of the Superior Court 3, 250 SENATE.

OFFICERS.

William C. NewTand President Caldwell. Whitehead Kluttz President pro tern Rowan. A. J. Maxwell Principal Clerk Craven.

Mark Squires Reading Clerk < laldwell. W. E. Hooks Engrossing Clerk Pitt. R. N. Staley Sergeant-at-Arms Wilkes.

Nicholas DeP.oy Asst. Sergeant-at-Arms. .. .Wake.

SENATORS.

First District—E. R. Johnson (D). A. P. Godwin (D). Second District—X. B. Martin (D), F. P. Latham (D). Third District—B. S. Gay (D). Fourth District—E. L. Travis (D). Fifth District— J,. V. Bassett (In. si.rtli District—A. L. Blow (D). Seventh District—B. T. Holden (D), J. 1>. Dawes (D). Eighth District — I. W. Burton (D). Y. T. Onnond (D). Ninth District—J. L. Barham (D). Tenth District —Edmund A. Hawes (D). Eleventh District—V. G. Empie (D). Twelfth District—-O. L. Clark (D). Thirteenth District—D. P. Shaw (D).

Fourteenth District— -Q. K. Nimocks (D). Fifteenth District—J. O. Matthews (It). W. G. Turner (R). Sixteenth District—W. B. Jones (D). Seventeenth District—H. T. Powell (D). Eighteenth District—J. A. Long (D). Nineteenth District— J. L. Scott, Jr. (D), J. S. Manning (D). Twentieth District—W. B. Wray (R). Twenty-first District—J. A. Barringer (D). Twenty-second District—A. S. Dockery il>». Jonathan Peele (D). Twenty-third District—.!. A. Spence (D). Han Twenty-fourth District — J. A. Lockharl (D), G. Foster

kins , D). 10

Ticenty-fifth District—11. N. Pharr (D), P. B. Means (D). Twenty-sixth District—Whitehead Kluttz (D). Twenty-seventh District—H. R. Starbuck (R). Twenty-eighth District—John M. Reynolds (R). Twenty-ninth District—William M. Lee (R). Thirtieth District—Zeb. V. Long (D). Thirty-first District—.1. D. Elliott (D). Thirty-second District—W. T. Love (D). ' Thirty-third District—McD. Kay (D), John C. Mills (D). .Thirty-fourth District— .1. ('. Sherrill (R), S. A. MeCall (R) Thirty-fifth District—R. L. Doughton (D). Thirty-sixth District-—J. F. Tilson (R). Thirty-seventh District—J. J. Britt (R). Thirty-eighth District—A. M. Fry (D). Thirty-ninth District—W. J. West (R).

SENATORIAL DISTRICTS.

First District—Camden, Chowan, Currituck, tiates. Hertford. Pas quotank and Perquimans shall elect two Senators. Second District—Beaufort. Dare. Hyde. Martin. Pamlico. Tyrrell and Washington shall elect two Senators. Third District—Bertie and Northampton shall elect one Senator. Fourth District—Halifax shall elect one Senator. Fifth District—Edgecombe shall elect one Senator. Sixth District—Pitt shall elect one Senator. Seventh District—Franklin, Nash and Wilson shall elect two Sena- tors. Eighth District—Carteret, Craven, Greene, Jones. Lenoir and Ons- low shall elect two Senators. Ninth District—Wayne shall elect one Senator. Tenth District—Duplin and Pender shall elect one Senator. Eleventh District*—Brunswick and New Hanover shall elect one Senator. Twelfth District—Bladen and Columbus shall elect one Senator. Thirteenth District—Robeson shall elect one Senator. Fourteenth District —Cumberland shall elect one Senator. 11

Fifteenth District—Harnett, Johnston and Sampson shall eleel two Senators. Sixteenth District—Wake shall elect one Senator. Seventeenth District—Vance and Warren shall elect one Senator. Eighteenth District—Granville and Person shall elect one Senator. Nineteenth District—Alamance, Caswell. Durham and Orange shall elect two Senators. Twentieth District—Rockingham shall elect one Senator. Twenty-first District—Guilford shall elect one Senator. Twenty-second District—Chatham, Moore, Richmond and Scotland shall elect two Senators. Twenty-third District—Montgomery and Randolph shall elect one Senator. Twenty-fourth District—Anson, Davidson. Stanly and Union shall elect two Senators. Twenty-fifth District—Cabarrus and Mecklenburg shall elect two Senators. Twenty-sixth District—Rowan shall elect one Senator. Twenty-seventh, District—Forsyth shall elect one Senator. Twenty-eighth District-Stoker and Surry shall elect one Senator. Twenty-ninth District—Davie, Wilkes and Yadkin shall elect one Senator. Thirtieth District—Iredell shall elect one Senator. Thirty-first District—Catawba and Lincoln shall elect one Sena tor. Thirty-second District —Gaston shall elect one Senator. Thirty-third District—Cleveland, Henderson, Polk and Rutherford shall elect two Senators. Thirty-fourth District—Alexander, Burke, Caldwell and .McDowell shall elect two Senators. shall one Thirty-fifth District—Alleghany, Ashe and Watauga eleel Senator. Thirty-sixth District—Madison, Mitchell and Yancey shall elei Senator. Thirty-seventh District—Buncombe shall elect one Senator. Thirty-eighth District—Haywood, Jackson. Swain and Transylva nia shall elect one Senator. Macon Thirty-ninth D istrict—Cherokee. Clay, Graham and elect one Senator. 12

SENATE RULES.

ORDER OF BUSINESS.

1. The President having taken the chair at the hour to which the Senate shall have adjourned, and a quorum being present, the Journal of the preceding day shall be read, unless otherwise ordered by the Senate, to the end that any mistakes therein may \)e corrected. 2. After reading and approval of the Journal, the order of business shall be as follows : (1) Reports of Standing Committees. (2) Reports of Select Committees. (3) Announcement of Petitions, Bills and Resolutions. (4) Unfinished Business of preceding day. (5) Special Orders. (G) General Orders: First, bills and resolutions on third reading; second, bills and resolutions on second reading ; but messages from the Governor and House of Representatives, and communications and reports from State officers, and reports from the' Committees on En- grossed Bills and Enrolled Bills may be received and acted, on under any order of business.

POWERS AND DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT.

3. He shall take the chair promptly at the appointed time and proceed with the business of the Senate according to the rules adopted. At any time during the absence of the President, the President pro tempore, who shall be elected, shall preside, and he is hereby vested, during such time, with all powers of the President, except that of giving a casting vote in case of a tie. when he shall have voted as a Senator. 4. He shall assign to Doorkeepers their respective duties and stations, and shall appoint nine pages, twelve white laborers and two colored laborers, each of whom shall receive the same compensation as is now provided by law. OF THE CLERK.

shall be acted upon by the Senate in the order in which tJiey stand upon the Calendar, unless otherwise ordered, as hereinafter provided. 13

The Calendar shall include the numbers and titles of bills and join! resolutions which have passed the House of Representatives and have been received by the Senate for concurrence. G. The Clerk shall certify the passage of bills by the Senate, with the date thereof, together with the fact whether passed by a vote of three-fifths or two-thirds of the Senate, whenever such vote may be required by the Constitution and laws of the State. ON THE RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF SENATORS.

•7. Every Senator presenting a paper shall endorse the same; if a petition, memorial, or report to the General Assembly, with a brief statement of its subject or contents, adding his name ; if a resolution, if of a a statement of such with his name ; a report committee, report, with the name of the committee and member making the same; if a bill, a statement of its title, which shall contain a brief statemenl of the subject of contents of the bill, with his name; and all bills, resolutions, petitions and memorials shall be delivered to the Clerk and by him handed to the President, to be by him referred, and he shall announce the titles and references of the same, which shall be en tered on the Journal.

8. All motions shall be reduced to writing, if desired by the Presi dent or any Senator, delivered at the table and read by the President or Clerk, before the same shall be debated: but any such motion may be withdrawn by the introducer at any time before decision or amend ment. 9. If any question contains several distinct propositions, it shall be divided by the President, at the request of any Senator: Provided, each subdivision, if left to itself, shall form a substantive proposition. 10. When the President is putting a question, or a division bj counting shall be had, no Senator shall walk out or cross the house, nor. when a Senator is speaking, pass between him and the President, 11. Every Senator wishing to speak or debate, or to present a pet i tion or other paper, or to make a motion or report, shall rise from his seat and address the President, and shall not proceed further un debate more than til recognized by him. No Senator shall speak or twice nor longer than thirty minutes on the same day on the satin- subject without leave of the Senate: and when two or more Senators to rise at once the President shall name the Senator who is lirst speak. 14

12. Every Senator who shall be within the bar of the Senate when the question is stated by the Chair shall vote thereon, unless he shall be excused by the Senate, or unless he be directly interested in the question ; and the bar of the Senate shall include the entire Senate Chamber. 13. When a motion to adjourn, or for recess, shall be affirmatively determined, no member or officer shall leave his place till adjournment or recess shall be declared by the President.

STANDING COMMITTEES.

14. The following-named committees shall be appointed by the Lieu- tenant-Governor :

On Agriculture. < >n Appropriations. On Banks and Currency. On Claims. On Commerce. On Congressional Apportionment. On Constitutional Amendment. On Corporation Commission. On Corporations. On Counties, Cities and Towns. On Distribution of Governor's Message. On Education. On Election Law. On Engrossed Bills. On Federal Relations. On Finance. On Fish and Fisheries. On Game Law, On Immigration. On Insane Asylums. On Institution for the Blind. On Institution for the Deaf. On Insurance. On Internal Improvements. On Journal. * On Judicial Districts. On Judiciary. 15

On Manufacturing. On Military Affairs. On Mining. On Penal Institutions.

On Pensions and Soldiers' I Ionic. On Privileges and Elections. On Propositions and Grievances. On Public Health. On Public Roads. On Railroads. On Revisal. On Rules. On Salaries and Fees. On Senate Expenditures. On Shellfish.

JOINT COMMIT!! ES. 15. On Enrolled Bills. On Justices of the Pence

< >n Library. On Printing. On Public Buildings and Grounds. On Trustees of University.

16. The Committee on Engrossed Bills shall examine all hills. amendments and resolutions before they go out of the possession of the Senate, and make a report when they find them correctly en grossed: Provided, that when a bill is typewritten, and lias no inter lineations therein, and has passed the Senate without amendment, ii shall be sent to the House without engrossment, unless otherwise or dered. 17. The Committee on Appropriations shall carefully examine all bills and resolutions appropriating or paying any moneys oul of the State Treasury, keep an accurate record of the same and reporl to the Senate from time to time. 18. Every report of the committee upon a hill or resolution which shall not be considered at the time of making the same, or laid on the table by a vote of the Senate, shall stand upon the General Orders with the bill or resolution: and the report of the committee shall show that a majority of the committee were present and voted: Provided, 16

that the chairman and five members of the Judiciary Committee and also of the Finance Committee shall constitute a quorum. L9. That no committee shall be composed of more than nine members, unless the Lieutenant-Governor shall, without objection from the Senate, appoint a greater number on any committee.

ON GENERAL ORDERS AND SPECIAL ORDERS.

20. Any bill or other matter may be made a Special Order for a particular day or hour by a vote of the majority of the Senators voting, and if it shall not be completed on that day it shall be returned to its place on the Calendar, unless it shall be made a Special Order for another day; and when a Special Order is under consideration it shall take precedence of any Special Order or a subsequent order for the day. but such subsequent order may be taken up immediately after the previous Special Order has been disposed of. 21. Every bill shall receive three readings previous to its being passed, and the President shall give notice at each whether it be the first, second, or third. After the first reading, unless a motion shall be made by some Senator, it shall be the duty of the President to refer the subject-matter to an appropriate committee. No bill shall be amended until it shall have been twice read.

PROCEEDINGS WHEN THERE IS NOT A QUORUM VOTING.

•_'2. If. on taking the question on a bill, it shall appear that a constitutional quorum is not present, or if the bill require a vote of a certain proportion of all the Senators to pass it. and it appear that such a number is not present, the bill shall be again read and the question taken thereon ; if the bill fail a second time for the want of the necessary number being present and voting, the bill shall not be finally lost, but shall be returned to the Calendar in its proper order.

PRECEDENCE OF MOTIONS.

23. When a question is before the Senate, no motion shall be received except those herein specified, which motions shall have precedence as follows, viz. :

(1) For an adjournment. (2) To lay on the table. (3) For the previous question. 17

(4) To postpone indefinitely. (5) To postpone to a certain day. (6) To commit to a standing committee. (7) To commit to a select committee. (8) To amend. (9) To substitute. 24. The previous question shall be as follows: "Shall the main question be put?" and, until it is decided, shall preclude all amend ments and debate. If this question shall be decided in the affirmative, the ''main question" shall be on the passage of the bill, resolution or other matter under consideration; but when amendments are pending, the question shall be taken up on such amendments, in their order, without further debate or amendment. However, any Senator may move the previous question and may restrict the same to an amendment or other matter then under discussion. If such question be cided in the negative, the main question shall be considered as re maining under debate. 25. When the motion for the previous question is made, and pending the second thereto by a majority, debate shall cease, and only a motion to adjourn or lay on the table shall be in order, which motions shall be put as follows: Previous question; adjourn; lay on the ta ble. After a motion for the previous question is made, pending a second thereto, any member may give notice that he desires t<> offer an amendment to the bill or other matter under consideration; and after the previous question is seconded, such member shall he entitled to offer his amendment in pursuance of such notice.

OTHER QUESTIONS TO BE TAKEN WITHOUT REBATE.

26. The motions to adjourn and lay on the table shall he decided without debate, and the motion to adjourn shall always lie in o when made by a Senator entitled to the floor. 27. The respective motions to postpone to a certain day. or in commit, shall preclude debate on the main question. 28. All questions relating to priority of business shall he decided without debate. 20. When the reading of a paper is called for. except pel it inns, and the the same is objected to by any Senator, it shall be determined by Senate without debate. 18

30. Any Senator requesting to be excused from voting may make cither immediately before or after the vote shall have been called,, and before the result shall have been announced, a brief statement of the reasons for such and the making request, question shall then] be taken without debate. Any Senator may explain his vote on any bill pending by obtaining permission of the President before the vote

is put : Provided, that not more than three minutes shall he consumed in such explanation.

QUESTIONS THAT REQUIRE A TWO-THIRDS VOTE.

31. hill No or resolution on its third reading shall be acted on out n of the regular order in which it stands on the no bill Calendar, and \ or resolution shall be acted upon on its third reading the same day on which it passed its second reading, unless so ordered by two-thirds of the Senators present. 32. No bill or resolution shall be sent from the Senate on the day of its passage, except on the last day of the session, unless otherwise ordered by a vote of two-thirds of the Senators present.

33. No bill or resolution, after beiug laid upon the table upon mo- ] tion, shall be taken therefrom except by a vote of two-thirds of the Senators present. DECORUM IX DEBATE.

::4. No remark reflecting personally upon the action of any Senator shall be in order in debate, unless preceded by a motion or resolution of censure. 35. When a Senator shall he called to order he shall take his seat until the President shall have determined whether he was in order or uot; if decided to be out of order, he shall not proceed without the permission of the Senate, and every question of order shall he decided by the President, subject to an appeal to the Senate by any Senator; and if a Senator is called to order for words spoken, the words ex- cepted to shall he immediately taken down in writing, that the Presi- dent or Senate may be better enabled to judge of the matter.

MISCELLANEOUS RTI.ES.

30. When a blank is to be filled, and different sums or times shall be proposed, the question shall be first taken on the highest sum or the longest time. 19

37. When a question has been once put and decided, it shall be in order for any Senator who shall have voted in the majority to move a reconsideration thereof; but no motion for the reconsideration of any vote shall be in order after the bill, resolution, message, report, amendment or motion upon which the vote was taken shall have go out of the possession of the Senate; nor shall any motion for reconsideration he in order unless made on the same day, or the next following legislative day. on which the vote proposed to be reconsidered shall have taken place, unless the same shall he made by the Commit- tee on Enrolled Bills for verbal or grammatical errors in the hills, when the same may he made at any time. Nor shall any question be reconsidered more than once. 38. All bills and resolutions shall take their place upon the Calendar according to their number, and shall be taken up in regular order, unless otherwise ordered. 39. No smoking shall be allowed within the Senate Chamber during the sessions. 40. Senators and visiters shall uncover their heads upon entering the Senate Chamber while the Senate is in session, and shall continue uncovered during their continuance in the Chamb< l\ 41. No Senator or officer of the Senate shall depart the service of the Senate without leave, or receive pay as a Senator or officer for the time he is absent without leave. the 42. No person other than the executive and judicial officers of State, members and officers of the Senate and House of Representa- a vote of the Senate. tives, unless on invitation of the President or by shall he permitted within the bar. 43. No rule of the Senate shall be altered, suspended or rescinded

: no without a vote of a majority of all the Senators elected and mo tion to suspend shall embrace more than one rule or relate to any other subject than the one specified in said motion. 44. In case a less number than a quorum of the Senate shall vene, they are authorized to send the Doorkeeper, or any other of the Senators son. for any or all absent: Senators, as a majority present shall determine. he taken and en 45. The yeas and nays upon any question shall tered upon the Journal upon demand of one-fifth of the Senal present. 20

li'». When any Committee shall decide that it is advisable to employ a clerk for such Committee, the Chairman of the Committee shall first obtain the consent of the Senate for such employment, and if the Senate shall allow the Clerk as requested, he shall be appointed by the Lieutenant-Governor upon the recommendation of the Committee. 47. Every bill introduced into the Senate shall be printed or typewritten. Amendments need not be typewritten. is. The Clerk of the Senate shall provide a box of sufficient size, with an opening through the top, for the reception of bills. Such box shall be under lock and and shall be stationed on the Clerk's kept key ; desk. The President of the Senate shall have in his charge and keeping the key to such box. All lulls which are to be introduced into the Senate shall be deposited in such box before the session begins. At the proper time the President shall open the box and take therefrom the bills. Such bills shall be read by their titles, which reading shall constitute the first reading of the hill, and unless otherwise disposed of shall be referred to the proper Committee. A bill may be introduced by unanimous consent at any other time during a session. 49. The Chief Engrossing Clerk of the Senate shall appoint, with the approval of the President of the Senate, as his assistants, not more than three competent stenographers aud typewriters. Such stenographers and typewriters shall work under the direction and supervision of the Engrossing Clerk. They shall also make for the member of the General Assembly who introduces a bill, without extra cost, one original and two carbon copies of all bills. 50. The Journal of the Senate shall he typewritten in duplicate, original and carbon, the original to be deposited in the office of Secre- tary of State as the record, and the other (carbon) copy to be delivered to the State Printer. 51. That in case of adjournment without any hour being named, the Senate shall reconvene the next legislative day at 11 o'clock A. M.

STANDING COMMITTEES.

Agriculture—Doughton, Chairman: Long of Person. Long of Iredell. Clark, Latham, Hawes, Fry, McCall, Reynolds. Appropriations—Long of Iredell. Chairman; Clark, Doughton, Han- kins, Barringer, Junes. Barham. Dockery. Mills. McCall. West. Bas- sett, Blow, Ormond. 23

Banks and — Chairman Currency Clark, ; Dawes, Pharr, Goodwin, Burton, Mills, Fry, Scott, Turner, Long of Person.

Claims—Hawes, Chairman; Clark, Barham, Ormond, Shaw. Rey- nolds.

Commerce—Martin, Chairman; Johnson, Fry, Peele, Sherrill. Congressional Apportionment—Bay, Chairman; .Martin, Bassett, Burton, Jones, Scott, Shaw, Lockhart, Kluttz, Love. Ray, Britt. Constitutional Amendments—Cay, Chairman; Manning, Ormond, Nimocks, Travis, Empie, Dockery, Spence, Britt. Corporation Commission—Dockery, Chairman: Love, Godwin, Cay. Martin. Pharr, Hankins, Elliott, Doughton, Starbuck. Corporations—Pharr. Chairman; Love, Lockhart, Means. Holdeu, Shaw, Gay, Long of Iredell, Kay, Blow. Counties, Cities and Towns—Kluttz. Chairman; Barringer, Bassett, Pharr. Bay. Holden, Jones, Peele, Spence. Wray, Sherrill. Shaw. Nimocks, Hankins. — Distribution of Gort mors Message Shaw. Chairman ; Manning. Means, Tilson. — Education Blow, Chairman ; Long of Person, Kluttz, Barringer, Gay, Means, Dockery, Ormond. Britt, Tilson, Ray. Election Laic—Godwin, Chairman; Travis, Manning, Bassett, Em- pie, Dockery, Pharr, Mills. Barham, Turner. Engrossed Bills—Barham. Chairman; Love, Burton, Clark. Mai thews.

— Peele, Federal Relations Fry, Chairman ; Latham. Dawes, Spence, Starbuck. Finance—Long of Person, Chairman; Hankins. Bassett, Dawes, Mills, Clark, Ormond. Doughton. Hawes, Britt. Fish and Fisheries—Burton, Chairman: Martin. Godwin, Blow, Empie, Johnson, Ormond, Latham, West. Game Law—Empie, Chairman; Manning, Barringer, Martin. Pharr. Hankins. Long of Iredell, Ormond, Starbuck. Immigration—Empie, Chairman; Shaw, Cay. Johnson. Martin. Clark, Reynolds. 22

Insane Asylums—Travis, Chairman; Burton, Barnaul, Spence, Hol- den, Jones, Fry, Latham, Matthews, McCall, Ilawes.

Institution for the Blind— Elliott, Chairman; Powell, Johnson, Latham, Clark, Spence, Matthews, West.

/ nst it nt ion for tlic Deaf—Lockhart, Chairman; Gay. Hankins, Pharr, Barham, Shaw. Nimocks, Scott, .Mills. Sherrill, Godwin.

I oughton. Insurance—Ormond, Chairman; Pharr, Hankins, Peele, Powell, Jones, Elliott, Scott. Britt. Internal Improvements — Johnson, Chairman; Ormond. Moans. Nimocks, Elliott, Lee. Journal— Barham, Chairman; Hawes, Sherrill. Judicial District*—Barringer, Chairman; Pharr. Empie, Holden, Travis. Fry, Powell, Blow, Jones. Scott. Starbuck, Nimocks. Judiciary—Manning, Chairman; Barringer, Klnttz, Pharr, Means, Nimocks, Travis. Bassett, Blow. Fry, Ormond, Lockhart, Long of Iredell. Holden, Starbuck.

Manufacturing—"Love, Chairman; Long of Person. Scott, Elliott. Hankins. Wray, Powell. Military Affairs—Powell. Chairman; Pharr, Klnttz. Godwin, Long of Iredell. Sherrill, Martin.

Mining— Spence, Chairman; Mills. Kluttz, Scott, West. Pharr, Bas- sett, Long of Iredell. Penal Institutions—Dawes, Chairman; Ormond, Doughton. Travis. Empie, Hawes, Dockery, Long of Iredell, Lee. Pensions and Soldiers' Home—Means, Chairman; Long of Person. Jones. Johnson. Mills, Peele, Ray, Turner, Tilson.

Privileges and Elections—Peele, Chairman: Shaw. Barham. God- win. Martin, Powell, Dockery, Lockhart, Britt.

Propositions anil Grievances—Nimocks, Chairman; Long of Iredell, Ormond, Gay, Pharr, Shaw. Spence. Fry. Britt. Public Health — Scott, Chairman; Manning, Long of Person. Bar- ringer. Matthews.

' Public Roads—Jones. Chairman; Dawes. Pharr, Mills. Clark. Scott. Turner, Lee. McCall. Hankins. Railroads—Mills, Chairman; Orniond, Lockhart, Manning, Fry, Pharr, Gay. Love, Barham, West. Means. Revisal—Travis. Chairman; Dockery, Godwin, Martin. Empie, Jones. Lockhart. Ray. Teele. Holden, Spence, Barham, Gay, Powell, Britt.

Rules—Bassett. Chairman: Barringer, Hankins. Salaries and Fees— Holden, Chairman; Clark, Burton, Martin, Mills, Lee. Senate Expenditures—Martin. Chairman; Manning, McCall.

Shellfish —Latham, Chairman; Ormond, Burton, Martin, Godwin, Johnson. Nimocks, Matthews.

JOINT COMMITTEES.

The following named joint committees shall be appointed by the

Lieutenant-Governor :

Enrolled Bills—Barham, Chairman; Ilawes, Shaw. Sherrill.

Justices of the Peace— Scott, Chairman; Gay, Martin. Xiim Long of Iredell, Tilson. Library.—Holden, Chairman; Jones, Starbuck. Printing—Mills, Chairman; Peele, Ilawes. Matthews. Public Buildings and Grounds—Hankins. Chairman; Lockhart. Long of Person. Means, Starbuck. Trustees of University—Means, Chairman; Dockery. Dawes, Kluttz. Lockhart, Pharr, Manning, Spence, Starbuck, Nimocks. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

OFFICERS.

A. W. Graham Speaker Granville. T. G. CoM) Principal Clerk Burke. B. M. Phillips Reading Clerk Lee. M. 1 ). Kinsland Engrossing Clerk Haywood. George L. Kilpatrick Sergeant-at-Aruis Lenoir.

D. II. James Asst. Sergeant-at-Arms . . . Halifax.

REPRESENTATIVES.

Alamance County— J. A. Pickett (R). Alexander County—Will Linney (R). Alleghany County—R. A. Houghton (Hi. Anson fount)/—T. C. Coxe (D). Ashe County—T. C. Bowie (Hi. Beaufort County—Frank 15. Hooker (D), John F. Latham (D). Bertie County—A. S. Rascoe (D). Bladen County—G. D. Perry (D). Brunswick County—C. Ed. Taylor (R). Buncombe Caunty— Zeb. Weaver (D), R. J. Gaston (H). Burke Count a—T. L. Signion (D). Cabarrus County— II. S. Williams (R). Caldwell County—M. N. Harshaw (R). ('(linden County—T. K. Cooke (I)). Carteret County—-C. S. Wallace (D). Caswell Count a— A. K. Henderson (D). Catawba County—J. Yates Killian (R). Chatham County—R. II. Hayes (D). Cherokee County—T. C. McDonald (It). choiran County—W. S. Privott (D). Clay County— E. Crawford (D). Cleveland County—1). S. Lovelace (D). Columbus Countu— J. G. Butler (D). Craven County— E. M. Green (D). I'.J

Cumberland II. County—J. Currie (D), John Underwood (D). Currituck County— Pierce Hampton ). Dure County—Charles T. Williams, (In. Davidson —T. County— Earle McCrary (It). Daric County —A. T. Grant, Jr. (R). Duplin County —J. A. Gavin. Jr. (In. Durham County Y.— E. Smith (D). Edgecombe County Hugh B. Bryant (D), M. B. Pitt (D). Forsyth County— S. E. Hall (R), P. II. Stimpson (R). Franklin County—— R. P. Floyd (D). Gaston County— B. K. Davenport (I)), X. B. Keudrick (In. Gutes County Lycurgus— Holier (D). Graham County —W. P. Rose (R). Granville County— A. W. Graham (in. Greene County —J. A. Albritton (D). Guilford County Thomas J. Murphy (D), .1. B. Gordon (D). Halifax County—A. P. Kitchin (In. II. S. Harrison (D). Harnett County— X. A. Smith (In. Haywood County—W. T. Lee (D). 1/cuder.son County—J. S. Rhodes (R). 'Hertford County—David ('. Barnes (I>i. Hyde County— J. W. McWilliams (In. Iredell County— z. Y. Turlington (D), M. D. Tom! in (D). Jackson County—B. F. Jarrett (R). Johnston County— J. Waiter Myatt (D), J. W. Barnes (In.

— ( Joins County John '. Parker (!>). Lenoir Comity—E. B. Wooten (D). Lincoln County— II. D. Warliek (D). Macon county—T. B. Higdon (R). Madison County—A. J. MeDevitt (R). Martin County—Harry \Y. Stubbs (D). McDowell Cotinti/— V,. B. Price (D). Mecklenburg County—W.

W. C. I >o\vd .(in. Mitchell County— S. J. Turner liii. Montgomery County— Robert T. Toole (!n. Moore and Lee Counties— D. A. .McDonald (D). Nash County—J. C. Braswell (D). New Hanover County—George L. Morion (D). 26

\~o?-thampton County— M. Bolton (D). Onsloic County— E. M. Koonce (D). Orange County—T. E. Sparrow (R). Pamlico County—J. B. Martin (D). Pasquotank County— S. X. Morgan (D). Pender County— Joseph T. Foy (D). Perquimans County— Ernest L. Reed (D). Person County—P. O. Carver (R). Pitt County—R. R. Cotten (D), P.. T. Cox (D). Polk County—J. P.. Livingston (D). Randolph County—Thomas J. Redding (D), J. Rom. Smith (D). Richmond County—M. C. Freeman (D). Rooeson County—W. J. McLeod (D), Marshall Shepherd (D). Rockingham Count a—G. T. Davis (D), W. I. Witty (D). Rowan County—John M. Julian (D), J. W. Carlton (D). Rutherford County—L. C. Daily (D). Sampson Count;/—Tames T. Kennedy (Pi. B. II. Grumpier (R). Scotland County—T. C. Everett (D). Stanly County—J. I. Campbell (It). Stokes Count a—James M. Fagg (It). Surry County—P. L. Haymore (R). Swain count/!—J. U. Gibbs (R). Transylvania Count!/—George W. Wilson (D). Tyrrell County—Mark Majette (D). Union County—R. W. Lemmond (D), Ney McNeely CD). Vance County—P. H. Perry (D). Wake Count//—A. L. Cox (Di. J. W. Hinsdale. Jr. (D). E. T. Sear- boro (D). Warren County—T. O. Rodwell (D). Washington County—C. W. Snell (R). ^Watauga County— Smith Hageman (R). Waynx County—T. E. Kelly (D). J. M. Mitchell (D). Wilkes County— F. X. Hayes (R), A. Caudill (R). Wilson County— George W. Connor (D). Yadkin County—F. W. Hanes (R). Yancey County—D. M. Buck (D). HOUSE RULES.

TOUCHING THE DUTIES OF THE SPEAKER. r 1. It shall be the duty of the Speaker to have the sessions of this House opened with prayer in accordance with the order of this body. 2. He shall take the chair every day at eleven o'clock, shall immediately call the members to order, and on appearance of a quorum, cause the Journal of the preceding day to be read. 3. He shall preserve order and decorum, may speak to points of order, in preference to other members, rising from his scat for that purpose, and shall decide questions of order, subject to an appeal to the House by any member, on which appeal no member shall speak more than once, unless by leave of the House. shall rise to put a question, but may state it sitting. ;stions shall be put in this form, namely: "Those in favor question may be) will say Aye." and after the affirmative s been expressed, "Those opposed will say No." Upon a call » rision, the Speaker shall count; if required, he shall appoinl

z s Speaker shall have a general direction of the hall. He shall u ight to name any member to perform the duties of the chair, - stitution shall not extend one in case of ~ beyond day, except or by leave of the House. = committees shall be appointed by the Speaker, unless other = cially ordered by the House. h. ill elections the Speaker may vote. In all other cases lie may ~ his right to vote, or he may reserve this right until there is

- it in no case shall he be allowed to vote twice on (lie same

£ acts, addresses and resolutions shall be signed by the Speak- ill warrants and subpoenas issued by order of the House shall -er his hand and seal, attested by the Clerk. case of any disturbance or disorderly conduct in the galler )bby, the Speaker (or Chairman of the Committee of the shall have power to order tin- same to lie cleared. person except members of the Senate, officers and clerks of Houses of the General Assembly, Judges of the Supreme and S -rior Courts, officers of the State, persons particularly invited by 28

the Speaker or some member, and such gentlemen as have been members of either House of the Legislature or of a convention of the people of the State, shall be admitted within the ball of the House:

Provided, that no person except members of the Senate and the officers of the two Houses of the General Assembly shall be allowed on the floor of the House or in the lobby in the rear of the Speaker's desk, unless invited by the Speaker or the House. 12. Reporters wishing to take down debates may be admitted by the Speaker, who shall assign such places to them on the floor or elsewhere, to effect this object, as shall not interfere with the con- venience of the House. 13. shall not be Smoking allowed in the hall, the lobbies or the gal- leries while the House is in session.

OKDER OF BUSINESS OF THE DAY.

14. After the reading of the Journal of the preceding day, which shall stand approved without objection, the House shall proceed to business in the following order, viz.: (1) The receiving of petitions, memorials and papers addressed to the Genera] Assembly or to the House. (2) Reports of Standing Committees. (3) Reports of Select Committees.

1 I ) Resolutions. (5) Bills. (6) The Unfinished Business of the preceding day. (7) Bills, resolutions, petitions, memorials, messages and other papers on the Calendar, in their exact numerical order, unless dis- placed by the Orders of the Day: but motions and messages to elect officers shall always be in order.

OX DECOR l\M !X UK HATE.

15. When any member is about to speak in debate or deliver any matter to the House, he shall rise from his seat and respectfully address the Speaker. 10. When the Speaker shall call a member to order, the member shall sit down, as also he shall when called to order by another member, unless the Speaker decide the point of order in his favor. By leave of the House a member called to order may clear a matter of fact, or explain, but shall not proceed in debate so long as the de- 29 cisioii stands but by permission of the House. Any member may appeal from the decision of the Chair, and if, upon appeal, the decision in favor of be the member called to order, he may proceed; if otherwise, he shall not, except by leave of the House; and if the case, in the judgment of the House, require it, he shall be liable to its censure. 17. No member shall speak until recognized by the Chair, and when two or more members rise at the same time, die Speaker shall name the member to speak. 18. No member shall speak more than twice on the main question, nor longer than thirty minutes for the first speech, and fifteen minutes for the second speech; nor shall he speak more than once upon an amendment or motion to commit or postpone, and then nut longer than ten minutes. But the House may, by consent of the majority, suspend the operation of this rule during debate. 19. While the Speaker is putting any question, or addressing the House, no person shall speak, stand up. walk out of or across the House, nor when a member is speaking entertain private discourse, stand up. or pass between him and the ("hair. 20. No member shall vote on any question in the case when he was not present when the question was put by the Speaker, except by the consent of the House. Upon a division and count of the House on any question, no member without the bar shall be counted. 21. Every member who shall be in the hall of the House when the question is put. shall give his vote, upon a call of the ayes and noes, unless the House for special reasons shall excuse him, and no application to be excused from voting or to explain a vote shall be enter- tained unless made before the call of the roll. The hall of the House shall include the lobbies, gallery and offices connected with the hall. 22. When a motion is made and seconded, it shall be stated by the Speaker, or if written it shall be handed to the Chair and read aloud by the Speaker or Clerk before debate. 23. Every motion shall be reduced to writing, if the Speaker or any two members desire it.

24. After a motion is stated by the Speaker or read by the Clerk, it shall be deemed to be in possession of the House, but may be withdrawn before a decision or amendment, except in case of ,-i motion to reconsider, which motion, when made by a member, shall be deemed and taken to be in possession of the House, and shall not lie withdrawn without leave of the House. 30

25. When a Question is under debate no motion shall be received lull to to the to adjourn, lay on table, postpone indefinitely, to post-j pone to a day certain, to commit or amend, which several motions shall have precedence in the order in which they stand arranged; and no motion to lay on the table, to postpone indefinitely, to postpone to a day certain, to commit or amend, being decided, shall be again allowed on the same day and at the same stage of the bill or proposition.

:!<;. A motion to adjourn or lay on the table shall be decided without debate, and a motion to adjourn shall always be in order, except when the House is or is a voting some member speaking ; but motion to adjourn shall not follow a motion to adjourn until debate or some business of the House has intervened. 27. When a question has been postponed indefinitely, the same shall not be acted on again during the session, except upon a two-thirds vote. 28. Any member may call for a division of the question, when the same shall admit of it, which shall be determined by the Speaker. 29. When a motion has been once made and carried in the affirmative or negative, it shall be in order for any member of the majority to move for the reconsideration thereof, on the same or succeeding day, unless it may have already passed the Senate, and no motion to reconsider shall be taken from the talde except by a two-thirds vote, lint unless such vote has been taken by a call of the yeas and nays any member may move to reconsider.

.';i>. When the reading of a paper is called for, which has been read in the House, and the same is objected to by any member, it shall lie determined by a vote of the House. 31. Petitions, memorials and other papers addressed to the House shall be presented by the Speaker, or by a member in his place; a brief statement of the contents thereof shall be verbally made by the introducer, and shall not be debated or decided on the day of their being first read, unless the House shall direct otherwise, but shall lie on the table, to be taken up in the order they were read. 32. When the ayes and noes are called for on any question, it shall be on before is motion the question put ; and if seconded by one-fifth of the members present, the question shall be decided by the ayes and noes; and in taking the ayes and noes, or on a call of the House, the names of the members will be taken alphabetically. 31

33. Decency of speech shall he observed and personal reflection carefully avoided. 34. Any member, after the expiration of the morning hour, may rise to a question of personal privilege, but if the question of personal privilege be decided against him he shall not proceed, unless the nil ing of the Speaker he reversed by the House. 35. Any fifteen members, including the Speaker, shall be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members. 36. No member or officer of the House shall absent himself from the service of the House without leave, unless from sickness or inability. 37. Any member may excuse himself from serving on any com mittee if he is a member of two standing committees. 38. If any member shall be necessarily absent on temporary business of the House when a vote is taken upon any question, upon entering the House he shall be permitted, on request, to vote, provided thai the result shall not be thereby affected. 30. No standing rule or order shall be rescinded or altered without. one day's notice given on the motion thereof, and to sustain such motion two-thirds of the House shall be required. 40. The members of this House shall uncover their heads upon entering the hall whilst the House is in session, and shall continue so uncovered during their continuance in the hall, except Quakers. 41. A motion to reconsider shall be determined by a majority vote. except a motion to reconsider an indefinite postponement, or a motion to reconsider a motion tabling a motion to reconsider, which shall re quire a two-thirds vote. STANDING COMMITTEES.

42. At the commencement of the session a standing committee shall be appointed on each of the following subjects, namely: On Agriculture. On Appointment of Justices of the Peace. On Appropriations. On Banks and Currency. On Claims. On Constitutional Amendment. On Corporation Commission. On Corporations. 32

<>n Counties. Cities. Towns and Townships. On Courts and Judicial Districts.

< >n Education. on Election Law.

< »n Engrossed P.ills. On Expenditures of the House. < Mi Federal Relations.

< )n Finance. On Fish and Fisheries.

< Mi Game. On Health. On Immigration.

( Mi Insane Asylums. On Institutions for the Blind. On Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb. On Insurance. On Internal Improvements. On Judiciary No. 1. On Judiciary No. 2. On Manufactures and Labor. On Military Affairs. On Mines and Mining.

< Mi < >ysier Interests. On Penal Institutions. On Pensions. On Privileges and Elections. On Propositions and Grievances. On Public Buildings and Grounds. On Public Loads and Turnpikes, on Regulation of the Liquor Traffic. on Regulation of Public Service Corporations. ( Mi Revision of the Laws. On Rules. On Salaries and Fees. On Trustees of University.

JOINT COMMITTEES. On Enrolled Bills. On Library. On Printing. To be appointed by the Speaker, and the lirst announced on each committee shall be chairman. In addition to the above standing committees, the Speaker shall appoint another (two members of each judicial district) to be denominated the Committee on Private Hills. 43. In forming a Committee of the Whole House, the Speaker shall leave the chair, and a chairman to preside in committee shall be appointed by the Speaker. 44. Upon bills submitted to a Committee of the Whole House, the bill shall be first read throughout by the Clerk, and then again read and debated by sections, leaving the preamble to be last considered. The body of the bill shall not be defaced or interlined, but all amendments, noting the paw and line, shall be duly entered by the Clerk on a separate paper, as the same shall be agreed to by the commitl and so reported to the House. After report, the bill shall again be subject to be debated and amended by sections before a question on its passage be taken. 45. The rules of proceeding in the House shall be observed in a Committee of the Whole House, so far as they may he applicable, except the rule limiting the time of speaking and the previous question. 46. In a Committee of the Whole House, a motion that the mittee rise shall always be in order, except when a member is speaking, and shall be decided without debate. 47. Every bill shall be introduced by motion for leave, or by order of the House, or on the report of a committee, unless introduced in regular order during the morning hour. 48. All bills and resolutions reported from any committee, with a recommendation for action by the House, shall state in the report that a majority of the committee was present and voting upon -the

same. . 49. Every bill shall receive three several readings in the House, previous to its passage, and the Speaker shall give net ice at each whether it be its first, second or third reading. 50. Any member introducing a bill or resolution shall briefly endorse thereon the substance of the same. 51. The Speaker shall refer all bills and resolutions, upon their introduction, to the appropriate committee, unless otherwise ordered. 52. The Clerk of the House shall keep a separate calendar of the public and private bills, and shall number them in the order in which 3 34 they are introduced; and all bills shall be disposed of in tbe order they stand upon the Calendar, but the Committee on Rules may at any time arrange the order of precedence in which bills may be considered. No public bill shall be twice read on tbe same day without tbe concurrence of two-thirds of the members. 53. All resolutions which may grant money out of the Treasury, or such as shall be of a public nature, shall be treated in all respects in a similar manner with public bills. 54. The Clerk of tbe House shall be deemed to continue in office until another is appointed. 55. Upon the motion of any member there shall be a call of the House, a majority of the members present assenting thereto, and upon a call of the House the names of the members shall be called over by the Clerk and the absentees noted, after which the names of the absentees shall again be called over. The doors shall then be closed and those from whom no excuse or sufficient excuses are made may, by order of those present, if fifteen in number, be taken into custody as they appear, or may be sent for and taken into custody wherever to be found by special messenger appointed for that purpose.

PREVIOUS QUESTION.

56. The previous question shall be as follows: "Shall the main all question be now put'?*' and, until it is decided, shall preclude amendments and debates. If this question shall be decided in the affirmative, the "main question" shall be on the passage of the bill, resolution or other matter under consideration ; but when amendments are pending the question shall be taken upon such amendments, in their order, without further debate or amendment. If such question be decided in the negative, the main question shall be considered as remaining under debate: Provided, that no one shall move the previous question except the member submitting the report on the bill or other matter under consideration, and the member introducing the bill or other matter under consideration, or the member in charge of the measure. ^\"llen a motion for the previous question is made, and pending the second thereto by a majority, debate shall cease, but if any member obtains the floor he may move to lay the matter under consideration 35 on the table, or move an adjournment, and when both or either of these motions are pending the question shall stand : 1st. Previous question. 2d. To adjourn. 3d. To lay on the table. And then upon the main question, or amendments, or the motion to postpone indefinitely, postpone to a day certain, to commit or amend, in the order of their precedence, until the main question is reached or disposed of; but after the previous question has been called by a majority, no motion, amendment or debate shall be in order. All motions below the motion to lay on the table must be made prior to a motion for the previous question; but, pending and not after the second therefor by the majority of the House, a motion to adjourn or lay on the table, or both, are in order. This constitutes the precedence of the motion to adjourn and lay on the table over other motions, in Rule 25. Motions stand as follows in order of precedence in Rule 26: Lay on the table. Previous question. Postpone indefinitely. Postpone definitely. To commit or amend. When the previous question is called, all motions below it fall, unless made prior to the call, and all motions above it fall after its sec ond by a majority required. Pending the second, the motions to adjourn and lay on the table are in order, but not after a second. When in order and every motion is before the House, the question stands as follows : Previous question. Adjourn. Lay on the table. Postpone indefinitely. Postpone definitely. To commit. Amendment to amendment. Amendment. Substitute. Bill. 36

The previous question covers all other motions when seconded by a majority of the House, and proceeds by regular gradation to the main question, without debate, amendment or motion, until such question is reached or disposed of. 57. All bills carrying appropriations, when reported favorably from the committee having them in charge, shall be referred to the Com- mittee on Appropriations before reported to the House. 58. The Principal Clerk, the Engrossing Clerk and the Doorkeeper shall appoint, with the approval of the Speaker, such assistants as may be necessary to the efficient discharge of the duties of their various offices.

.">!>. The Speaker shall appoint twelve pages to wait upon the sessions of the House, and when the pressure of business may require he may appoint three additional pages. 60. The Chairmen of the Committees on the Judiciary. Finance and Propositions and Grievances may each appoint a clerk, with the approval of the majority of his said committee. 61. The Chairmen and five members of the Committees on the Ju- diciary and the Chairmen and ten members of the Committees on Education, Finance, and Agriculture shall constitute a quorum of either of said respective committees for the transaction of business. 62. The Speaker, on each Monday morning, shall appoint a committee of three members, whose duty it shall be to examine daily the Journal of the House before the hour of convening, and report after the opening of the House whether or not the proceedings of^the previous day have been correctly recorded.

HOUSE STANDING COMMITTEES.

Agriculture—Currie, Chairman; Pitt, Mitchell. Crier, Coxe of Anson, Gaston, Everett. Myatt, Parker. Warlick, Cotten, Hageman, Smith of Harnett. Tomlin, Foy. Redding, Latham, Butler, Davis. Rhodes, Lin- ney, Bryan. Appointment of Justices of the Peace—Bryan, Chairman; Reed, Lemmond. Crawford. Williams of Dare, Myatt. Warlick, Stubbs, Daily, Latham. McCrary, McDonald of Cherokee. Appropriations—Gordon, Chairman; Doughton, Currie, Morton, Cot- ten, Dowd, Connor, Rascoe, Henderson, Cox of Wake, Grant. Har- shaw, Koonce. .'57 — Banks and Currency Rascoe, Chairman; Kelly. Redding, Price, McDonald of Moore, Harrison, Gavin. Shepherd, Wilson, Bolton, Bras- well, Hayes of Chatham, Koonce, Hanes, Linney, Higdon.

Claims—Albritton, Chairman; Rodwell, Weaver, Lovelace, Butler, McNeely, McLeod, Gavin, Witty. Bowie, Linney, Morgan, Livingston, Snell, Rhodes. Turner.

Constitutional Amendments—Privott, Chairman; Henderson, Con- nor, Hayes of Chatham, Koonce. Perry of Vance, Wilson, Braswell, Butler, Cox of Wake, Gavin. Majette, Turner, Williams of Cabarrus, Caudill.

Corporation Commission—Weaver. Chairman; Wilson. Harrison. Morton, Gavin. McLaughlin. Witty, Tomlin, Latham. Morgan, Wal- lace, Bolton, Cox of Pitt, Rodwell, Rose. McCrary. Corporations—Morton, Chairman; Barnes of Hertford, Lemmond, Weaver. Kitchin, Perry of Vance, McLeod, Poole. Kendrick, Rascoe, Reed, Kelly, Price, Hanes, Grumpier, Stimpson.

Counties, cities, Towns and Townships — Lee, Chairman; Dowd, McDonald of Moore, Majette, Pitt, Albritton. Coxe of Anson, Wooten, McLeod, Kelly, Hinsdale, Morton, Kendrick. Shepherd, Connor, Cau- dill. Rhodes, Kennedy. Courts and Judicial Districts —Doughton, Chairman; Smith of Harnett. Murphy, Rodwell, Kitchin, Henderson, Davenport, Turling- ton, Kelly, Connor. Weaver, Carver, Crumpler, Haymore. Education — Connor, Chairman; Majette. Doughton, Davenport, Mitchell. Bolton, Weaver, Crawford. Shepherd, Woolen, Hageman,

Smith of Randolph, Henderson. Martin, < 'ox of Pitt, Gibbs, Killian, Dowd, Gordon.

Election Laic—Turlington, Chairman : Perry of Bladen. Scarboro, Hayes of Chatham. Albritton, Cook. Green, Barnes of Johnston, Gibbs, Stimpson. Engrossed Bills—Julian, Chairman; Hooker, Mitchell. Sigmon, c<

Expenditures of the House—Witty, Chairman; Bryan. Livingston, Smith of Durham, Parker, Crawford, Warlick, Cordon. Foy, Grier, Redding, Daily, Sigmon, Campbell. Rose. 38

Federal Relations — Bowie, Chairman; Majette, Gaston. Green, Privott, Hageman, Everett, Scarboro, Hampton, Turlington. Perry of Bladen, Kelly, Hanes, Higdon, Snell. Finance—Dowd. Chairman; Rascoe, Morton. Majette, Wilson, Weaver. Smith of Harnett. Davenport, Lee, McDonald of Moore, Murphy. Kitchin, Albritton, Bowie. Butler, Buck. Myatt. Floyd, Grant. Haymore, Taylor. Fish and Fisheries—Hooker, Chairman; Williams of Dare, McWil- lianis. Kascoe, Green, Wallace. Pitt, Gotten. Bowie. Foy. McDonald of Moore, Kendrick, Hampton. Snell, Jarrett, Privott. Currie, Crawford, Martin. Taylor. Game—Pitt, Chairman; Hampton, Smith of Randolph, Rascoe, Tur- lington, Williams of Dare. Gordon. Majette, Buck, McWilliams. Dough- ton, Everett. Grant. Hall. — Myatt. Health Bolton. Chairman; Braswell, Gordon, Currie, Koonce, Lee, Barnes of Hertford. Smith of Randolph. Floyd. Connor. Daily. Carl- ton. Pickett, Campbell. McDevitt. Immigration—Mitchell. Chairman; Buck. McLaughlin. Morton. Mor- gan, Cox of Pitt. Freeman. Gaston. Carlton, Barnes of Johnston. Kil- lian, Smith of Randolph. Everett. Scarboro, Hageman, Sparrow. Gibbs. Insane Asi/Unns—Foj, Chairman: Braswell. Murphy, Julian. Gotten. Bolton, Smith of Randolph. Lovelace, Davis, Hooker, Martin. Floyd, c.'isron, Butler. Mitchell. Wooten. Pickett, Campbell, McDevitt. Institutions for the Wind—Braswell. Chairman; Hayes of Chatham, Stubbs, Smith of Durham, Coxe of Anson, McWilliams, Underwood, Barnes of Johnston. Reed. Perry of Bladen, Witty, Shepherd. Cox of Pitt, McDonald of Cherokee, Sparrow. Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb—Harrison, Chairman; Smith of Harnett. Koonce. Price. Buck, Cook, Barnes of Hertford, Hageman. Lovelace, Kelly. Ilofler, Williams of Dare. Sigmon, Warlick. Craw- ford, Rose, Higdon, Killian, Hanes. Insurance — Koonce, Chairman; Rascoe, Henderson, Underwood, Poole, Carlton, Everett. Davenport. Cox of Wake. Sigmon. Warlick, Weaver, Kelly, Grant, Higdon.

Internal Improvements—Lemmond, Chairman; Carlton, Reed. Un- derwood, Scarboro, Gaston, Barnes of Johnston, Turlington. Free- man, Buck, Fagg. McDevitt. 39

Judiciari/ No. 1 —Hayes of Chatham, Chairman; Doughton, Hender- son, Connor, Rodwell, Poole, Gavin, Albritton, Weaver, McNeely, Cox of Wake, Privott, Harshaw, Taylor, Hanes, McCrary, Turner. Judicial-!/ No. 2—Stubbs, Chairman; Kitchin, Koonce, Wooten, Mur- phy, Bowie. Majette, Green, Turlington, Hinsdale, Lemmond, Barnes of Hertford, Perry of Vance, Grant, Haymore, Carver, Crumpler, Wil- liams of Cabarrus, Hall. Manufactures, and Labor—Smith of Durham. Chairman; Under- wood, Gaston, Davenport, Barnes of Johnston, Smith of Randolph, Tomlin, McLaughlin, Smith of Harnett, Freeman, Julian, Privott, Daily, Jarrett, Stimpson. Military Affairs—Green, Chairman; Weaver. Wallace. Kitchin. Cox of Wake, Rodwell, Mitchell, Connor, Lovelace. Carlton, Underwood, Floyd. Davis, Grant, Carver. Mines and Mining—Poole, Chairman; Redding, Bowie. McLaugh- lin, Daily, Wilson, Crawford, Hageman, Price, Williams of Cabarrus, Jarrett, McDonald of Cherokee.

Oyster Interests—Parker, Chairman; Albritton. Doughton, .Murphy, McWilliams, Currie, Williams of Dare, Green, Martin, McLaughlin, Hampton, Morgan, Privott, Snell, Latham, Wallace, Taylor. Koonce. Penal Institutions—Gotten, Chairman; Smith of Durham. Daven- port, Rascoe, Bryan, Bolton, Grier, Currie, Everett, Smith of Harnett, Gaston, Davis, Braswell, Perry of Vance. Wilson, Hanes, Kennedy. Caudill.

Pensions — Henderson, Chairman; Pitt, Wilson. Cotten, Parker, Mijette, Currie, Lovelace, Harrison, McLaughlin. Braswell, Davis, McLeod, Davenport, Hampton, Murphy, Rhodes, Harshaw, Redding, Linney.

Privileges and Elections — Barnes of Hertford, chairman; Lee, Everett, McDonald of Moore, Weaver, Rodwell, Turlington, Wooten, Bryan, Connor, Hanes, Kennedy, Rose. Propositions and Grievances—Gavin, Chairman: Wilson. Rodwell, Bowie, McNeely, Martin, Cook, Kendrick, Holler. McLaughlin, Buck, Hageman, Everett, Harshaw, Taylor. 40

Public Buildings and (hounds—Cox of Wake, Chairman; Harrison, Coxe of Anson, Rascoe, Cotten, Morton, McDonald of Moore, Carlton, Gaston, Underwood, Buck, Henderson. Mitchell, Taylor, Jarrett, Caudill.

Public Roads and Turnpikes—Grier, Chairman; Majette, Martin, Daily. Murphy, Crawford, Cotten, Smith of Durham, Bowie, Hins- dale, Bryan, Davenport, Myatt, Mitchell, Coxe of Anson, Livingston, Green. Haymore, Stimpson, Sparrow. Regulation of the Liquor Traffic—Rodwell, Chairman; Turlington, Julian, Morton, Albrittou, Bowie, Myatt. Gaston, Dowd, Latham, I la lies. Gibbs, Pitt, Freeman, Livingston. Regulation of Public Service Corporations—Kitchin, Chairman; Weaver. L'emmond, Morton, Rodwell, Mitchell, Smith of Harnett, Floyd, Hooker, Cox of Pitt, Price. Wilson, Fagg, Snell.

Revision of the Laws—Perry of Vance, Chairman: Privott, McNeely, Hinsdale, Koonce, McCrary, Hall. Rule*—Dowd. Chairman; Currie, Doughton. Morton, Kitchin, Lee, Harshaw.

Salaries and Fees—Wooten. Chairman; Connor, Floyd, Grier, Cox of Pitt, McDonald of Moore. Bolton, Hofler, Lovelace, Smith of Har- nett, Wilson. Myatt, Smith of Randolph, Fagg, Taylor.

Trustees of University—Hinsdale. Chairman; Barnes of Hertford. McNeely, Everett. Julian. Floyd. Pitt. Turner, Grant. JOINT COMMITTEES.

Bills— Enrolled Ilofler, Chairman ; Shepherd, Tomlin, Perry of Bla- den, McNeely, Reed, Scarboro, Privott, Sigmon, Carlton, Bolton, Wad- lace. Hinsdale, Freeman, Braswell, Killian, Williams of Cabarrus, •Gibbs.

Library—Cook. Chairman; Albritton, Carlton, Hinsdale, Hayes of Chatham. Tomlin, Williams of Cabarrus, McDonald of Cherokee. Printing—Julian, Chairman; Morgan, Dowd. McLeod, Kendrick, Coxe of Anson. Butler, Crumpler, Fagg. 41

DEPARTMENT OF THE GOVERNOR.

William Walton Kitchin, Governor.

The Governor is the chief executive officer of the State. He is elected by the people for a term of four years. He receives a salary of $4,000 a year, and in addition is allowed annually $600 for travel- big expenses, and a residence. Article III, Section 2 of the Constitution el' North Carolina scribes the following qualifications for the Governor: 1. He must have attained the age of thirty years. 2. He must have been a citizen of the United States for five years. and a resident of North Carolina for two years next before the election.

::. No person shall be eligible for the cilice .if Governor for more than four years in any term of eight years, unless he becomes Gov- ernor by having been Lieutenant-Governor or President of the Senate. The same qualifications apply to the office of Lieutenant-Governor. The Constitution prescribes the powers and duties of the Governor as follows :

1. To take the oath of office prescribed for the Governor. 2. To reside at the seat of goATernment; to keep the General Assem- bly informed respecting the affairs of the Stale; and to recommend to the General Assembly such measures as he deems expedient. 3. To grant reprieves, commutations and pardons (except in cases of impeachment), and to report each case of reprieve, commutation or pardon to the General Assembly. 4. To receive reports from all officials of the Executive Department and of public institutions, and to transmit the same to the General Assembly. 5. He is Commander in Chief of the militia of the State, except when they are called into the service of the United States. 6. To call extra sessions of the General Assembly when he thinks necessary, by and with the advice of the Council of State. 7. To appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, all officers whose offices are established by the Constitution and whose appointments are not otherwise provided for. 8. To keep "The Great Seal of the State of North Carolina." and use the same as occasion shall require. 42

In addition to these duties the following are prescribed by statute: 1. To supervise the official conduct of all executive and administrative officers, and to visit all State institutions whenever he deems such visitation necessary to enquire into their management and needs. 2. To see that all public offices are filled and their duties performed. 3. To make appointments and supply vacancies not otherwise provided for in all departments. 4. To be the sole official organ of communication between the government of this State and other States, or the Government of the United States. 5. To use the civil and military power of the State to prevent the violation of the statute against prize-fighting in North Carolina. 6. To convene the Council of State for consultation whenever he deems it necessary. 7. To appoint a Private Secretary who shall keep a record of all public letters written by or to the Governor in hooks provided for that purpose.

8. To cause to be kept the following records : a register of all appli- of sentence an account cations for pardon or for commutation any ; of his official expenses, and the rewards offered by him for the appre- hension of criminals, which shall be paid upon the warrant of the Auditor. *

!>. Under certain conditions to employ counsel for the State. 10. To appoint by proclamation one day in each year as a day of solemn and public thanksgiving to Almighty God for past blessings and of supplication for His continued kindness and care over us as a State and a nation. 11. To procure a seal for each department of the State Government to be used in such manner as may be established by law. In addition to the above duties, the Governor is. ex officio, Chair- man of the State Board of Education, of the Board of Public Build- ings and Grounds, of the State Board of Pensions, of the State Board of Internal Improvements, of the North Carolina Geological Board, of the Board of Trustees of the State Library, of the Board of Trustees of the University of North Carolina, and of the State Text-book Com- mission, of the Committee to let the contract for State printing, and of the State Board of Canvassers. 43

DEPARTMENT OF THE SECRETARY OF STATE.

J. Bryan Grimes, Secretary of Stale.

The Secretary of State is at the head of the Department of State. He is elected by the people for a term of four years and receives a salary of $3,500. He is, ex officio, a member of the Council of State, of the State Board of Education, of the State Text-book Commission, of the Board of Public Buildings and < i rounds, and is a truster of the Public Libraries. The Secretary of State countersigns all commissions issued by the Governor and is charged with the custody of all statutes and joint resolutions of the Legislature, all documents which pass under the great seal, and of all books, records, deeds, parchments, maps and papers now deposited in his office or which may hereafter lie there deposited pursuant to law. Through the Secretary of State all corporations for business or charitable purposes under the general laws of the State are chartered. This includes mercantile, manufacturing, banking, insurance, railroad, street car, electric, steamboat and other companies. There the certificates are recorded, annual reports of same tiled, except those required by law to report to the Corporation Commission. In the last two years there have been domestic corporations tiled in the office of Secretary of State on which $41,229.50 organization or diss.. lution taxes have been paid. In that time there were 270 dissolutio In the last two years 67 banks have been incorporated by the Secre- tary of State and 15 railroad companies have filed articles of association with the Secretary of State. Foreign corporations before being permitted to do business in North Carolina are required to tile copies rf their charters in and make annual statements to the office of S< cre- tary of State. Eighty -eight foreign corporations have tiled their charters and have been admitted to do business in the last two years.

ENROLLMENT OF BILLS.

All bills passed by the General Assembly are enrolled for r.itiiica ion under the supervision and direction of the Secretary of Stale find ihall be typewritten or written with pen and ink in the .lis. ret ion of ;he Secretary of State. All bills are now typewritten, which change s very much in the interest of economy and accuracy. Copyists in 44

the Enrolling Office are paid ten cents a copy sheet for original and one carbon The carbon is sent to the copy. copy State Printer, fronj which copy are published the laws, resolutions, etc. An assistant t<| the Secretary of State prepares these laws for publication, determines! which are "public" and which are "private," side notes them anc the prepares captions and indexes the laws of the session. This worlj lias grown very much in the last few years. The laws of the sessioij of 1907 comprise nearly 3.000 pages. The of State is with the work of Secretary charged distributing th<] Supreme Court Reports, The Revisal, Session Laws, Journals, Pul>li<[ Documents, etc. II PERMANENT ROLL REGISTERED VOTERS.

I I The Secretary of State furnishes to the various precincts, counties! and all books, forms boards, blanks, and other printed matter necesjl

sary for holding elections ; prepares blanks for the State Board of Can! J vassers and issues certificates of election to such persons as are de;( clared elected by the State Board of Canvassers. He must also furnish books for permanent rolls and keep a permanent roll of the pre cincts and counties in his office of the voters who registered undei the "grandfather clause" in the Constitution.

PUBLIC LANDS.

All vacant and unappropriated land in North Carolina is subject tc entry by residents or citizens of the State. Almost all the vacant land in the State has been granted to individuals or is the property of the State Board of Education, but small tracts are frequently dis- covered and entries for same made. In the last two years 529 grants have been issued and on this account $16,025.49 has been paid into the Treasury. The warrants, plats and surveys and a record of grants for all lands originally granted by the Lords Proprietors, by the crown of Great Britain or by the State of North Carolina is preserved in the office of the Secretary of State. For the two years ending November 30. 1908, the collections made in the Secretary of State's office, paid into the State Treasury, were .SS4.4S5.41. In the last few years the work in this office has been greatly increased, everything has been indexed and systematically filed, and the dangerous and unsightly paper boxes and files in wooden cupboards have been replaced with steel, fireproof filing cases. I.-,

AUDITOR'S DEPARTMENT.

B. F. Dixon, State Auditor.

The Department of the State Auditor is one of the Executive De partments of the State Government. The Auditor is elected lor a term of four years by the qualified voters of the State, at the same time and places and in the same manner as members of the General 'Assembly are elected. His term of office begins on the first day of January next after his election and continues until his successor is Elected and qualified. (Constitution of North Carolina. Article III. Section 1). His duties as prescribed by law are as follows (Revisal

}f 1905, Section 5305) : 1. To superintend the fiscal concerns of the State. 2. To report to the Governor, annually, and to the General Assem- bly at the beginning of each biennial session thereof, a complete statement of the funds of the State, of its revenues and of the public expenditures during the preceding fiscal year, and. as tar as practicable, an account of the same down to the termination of the current 'alendar year, together with a detailed estimate of the expenditures to be defrayed from the treasury for the ensuing fiscal year, specify- therein each of jng object expenditure and distinguishing between such as are provided for by permanent or temporary appropriations, md such as must be provided for by a new statute, and suggesting he means from which such expenditures are to be defrayed. 3. To suggest plans for the improvement and management of the lublic revenue. 4. To keep and state all accounts in which the State is interested. 5. To examine and settle the accounts of all persons indebted to the State, and to certify the amount of balance to the Treasurer. 0. To direct and superintend' the collection of all moneys due to he State. 7. To examine and liquidate the claims of all persons against the State, in eases where there is sufficient provisions of law for the pay- pent thereof; and where there is no sufficient provision, to examine fie claim and report the fact, with his opinion thereon, to the Gen- ral Assembly. 8. To require all persons who have received any moneys belonging 6 the State, and have not accounted therefor, to settle their accounts. 46

9. To have the exclusive power and authority to issue all warrants for the payment of money upon the State Treasurer; and it shall be the Auditor's duty, before issuing the same, to examine the laws authorizing the payment thereof, and satisfy himself of the correctness of the accounts of persons applying for warrants; and to this end he shall have the power to administer oaths, and he shall also is and file in his office the voucher upon which the warrant drawn cite the law upon said warrant. Treasurer 10. To procure from the books of the banks in which the and makes his deposits, monthly statements of the moneys received paid on account of the Treasurer. and 11. To keep an account between the State and the Treasurer, therein charge the Treasurer with the balance in the treasury when credit he came into office, and with all moneys received by him, and him with all warrants drawn or paid by him. 12. To examine carefully on the first Tuesday of every month, oi credits oftener if he deems it necessary, the accounts of the debits and in the bank book kept by the Treasurer, and if he discovers any ir- or ex regularity or deficiency therein, unless the same be rectified plained to his satisfaction, to report the same forthwith in writing tc the Governor. receivec 13. To require from time to time, all persons who have moneys or securities, or have had the disposition or management ol any property of the State, of which an account is kept in his office to render statements thereof to him; and all such persons shall ren time and in such form as he shall re der such statements at such [ quire. 14. To require any person presenting an account for settlement tc be sworn before him and to answer orally as to any facts relating tc, its correctness. In addition to the above the State Auditor is a member of th< Council of State, of the State Board of Education, of the State Text; book Commission, of the State Board of Pensions, and, ex officio, Sec ii retary of the Soldiers" Home. All pension matters are managed this department; all applications for pensions examined, and all pen sion warrants issued to more than fifteen thousand pensioners. Th< Auditor keeps the accounts of the Soldiers' Home. All domestic corporations are assessed by the State Auditor, anc they make their reports to this department, together with all build 47 ing and loan associations, and all of the banks in North Carolina are assessed the by Auditor, and their reports are made to this deparl ment. PENSIONS FOR CONFEDERATE VETERANS.

The first pension law was passed by the Legislature of 1885. Il appropriated $30,000 annually for certain classes of disabled Confed- erate soldiers. This appropriation has been increased from tinii time, until the annual appropriation now amounts to $400,000. Of this amount $125,000 was added by the Legislature of L907. To totally blind and disabled Confederate soldiers the law allows $120 each per year. That class received $13,280 in 1907. The Soldiers' Home was organized by the Legislature of 1891 and there was expended that year $2,250. That has gradually increased from year to year until the last Legislature appropriated $15,000 Cor maintenance and $5,000 for building purposes, making a total of $20,- 000 annually. We have now on the pension roll of North Carolina in round numbers 15,000 pensioners, an increase of about 10,000 since 1900.

DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY.

B. R. Lacy, State Treasurer.

The State Treasury is one of the Executive Departments of the Slate Government. The State Treasurer is elected by the people for a term of four years. His term of office begins the first of January next after his election and continues until his successor is elected and lualified. He receives a salary of $3,500 per annum. The duties of the State Treasurer as prescribed by law are as fol-

ows : 1. To keep his office in the city of Raleigh and attend there be-

:ween the hours of ten o'clock a. in. and three o'clock p. in. except Sundays and legal holidays. 2. To receive all moneys that may lie paid into the treasury of the State; to pay all warrants legally drawn on the treasury by the Auditor; and to report to the Governor and the General Assembly he financial condition of the State, including a summary of the re- :eipts and disbursements for each fiscal year. 48

3. To keep in his office, a full account of all moneys deposited in or drawn from all banks in which he may deposit or cause to be deposited any of the public funds. Before making deposits in any bank he must require ample security from said bank for such deposit. 4. To use bis discretion whether he shall pay any annual appropriation in monthly, quarterly or semi-annual installments, or in a single payment, unless otherwise provided by law. 5. To furnish the General Assembly with estimates of the expenses of the State Government and the rates of taxation necessary to pay the same for the two years next succeeding the close of the last fiscal year, and with a scheme in the form of a complete revenue bill to sustain such estimates.

('.. To decide all questions presented to him upon the construction and execution of all acts of the General Assembly to raise revenue, and all acts* providing for the assessment of property and collection of taxes, except where the decision of such questions is expressly conferred upon some other official or department. 7. To demand, sue for. collect and receive all money and property of the State not held by some person under authority of law. 8. Is c.r officio Treasurer of the Department of Agriculture, the College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts, the School for the Deaf

• and Dumb at Morganton, the Institution for the Deaf and Dumb and the Blind at Raleigh, for the State Hospitals tor the Insane at Raj leigb. Morganton, and Goldsboro, for the States Prison and for the Soldiers' Home.

'.». May authorize bis chief clerk to perform any duty pertaining to the office, except signing checks, but the Treasurer is responsible for the conduct of all his clerks.

The State Treasurer is a member (if the Council of State, of the State Board of Education, of the State Board of Public Buildings and Grounds, and of the State Text-book Commission.

I) 4! I

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION.

James Y. Joxner, Superintendent. The Department of Education is one of the Executive Departments of tiie State Government. The Superintendent of Public Instruction, head of the department, is elected by the people for a term of four years. His term begins on the first of January next after his election and continues until his successor has been elected and qualified. His salary is.$3,000 per annum, and in addition he is allowed '•actual traveling expenses" when engaged in the performance of his official duties.

Section XLI of the Constitution of North Carolina of 1T7C is as follows: a school "That or schools be established by the Legislature, for the convenient instruction of youth, with such salaries to the mas ters, paid by the public, as may enable them to instruct at low prices: and all useful learning shall he duly encouraged and promoted in one or more universities." Except for the establishment of the University of North Carolina, no attempt was made by the Legislature to carry out this injunction of the Constitution until nearly three-quarters of a century had elapsed. The first efforts were a failure, and nothing definite was accomplished until the creation of a Department of Education by the election in 1851 of Calvin II. Wiley Superintendent of Common Schools. He entered upon the duties of his cilice in January, 1852, and in was continued office until October 10. 1865. The following fig- tell ures the story of his work : Number of teachers in 1852. 800; in 1855, 2.0G4: in 1860, --'.280. Enrollment in the schools in 1853, 83.373; in 1855, 115.850; in 1800, 110,507. Number of schools taughl in 1855, 1,905; 1800. 2.854. School fund in 185.",. $192,250; in I860, $40S.5G6. Expenditures in 1S53, $139,865; in 1860, $255,641. The schools were kept open throughout the war. and in 1803 enrolled more than 50,< pupils. In 1805. as one of the results of the war. the office of Super- intendent of Common Schools was abolished. By the Constitution of 1868 the office of Superintendent of Public Instruction was created, and the Department of Education made one of the Constitutional Departments of the State Government. Since that time the following have filled the office: S. S. Ashley. Alexander 50

Mclver, Stephen D. Pool, John C. Scarborough, Sidney M. Finger, Y. Charles li. Mebane, Thomas F. Toon and James Joyner. can The scope and general nature of the work of tins department be best understood from the following summary of the general powers and duties of the State Superintendent of Public Instruction: The Superintendent is required to publish the school law, make a biennial report to the Governor, keep his office at the capital, and sign all orders for money paid out of State treasury for educational pur- and the enforce- poses. He has general direction of the school system ment of the school law, all school officers being required to obey his he instructions and his interpretation of the law. He is required to the State, acquainted with the educational conditions of all sections of and he must also keep in touch with the educational progress of other States. In addition to these general duties, the State Superintendent lias the following duties: Supervision and control of normal department of Cullowhee High School, Rev. 1905, 422S; secretary Text-book Coin- mission, Rev. 1905, 4(157; trustee of State Library, Rev. 1905, -".069; president of board of directors State Normal and Industrial College, Rev. 190."), 4252; chairman of trustees of East Carolina Training School, Laws 1907; chairman State Board of Examiners, Laws 1907; makes prescribes course of study for public high schools. Laws 1907; rules and regulations for rural libraries. Rev. 1905, 417-".: and member hoard of trustees of Appalachian Training School, Laws 1907. .-.1

SCHOOL FUND AND SOURCES, 19061908.

Balance from 1906-1907 (a)-~

Local tax, 1907-1908

Local tax, 1906-1907

Increase

Bonds, Loans, etc., 1907-1908-

County fund, 1907-1908*

County fund, 1906-1907

Increase

Special State appropriations-

Private donations, State appropriations, etc., for libraries; 1907-1908

Private donations, State appropriations, etc., for libraries, 1906-1907

Increase .-

Total available fund, 1907-1908*.

Total available fund, 1906-1907- -

Increase

Private donations 1907-1908 - 52

PUBLIC SCHOOL EXPENDITURES.

North Rural. City. Carolina.

Total expenditures, 1907-1908 $1,876, 226. 05 $1,081, 934. 14 $26,958, 160.19

Total expenditures, 1906-1907 1, 680, 500. 13 773, 290.68 2,453, 790. 82

Increase 195, 725.92 308, 643.45 504, 369. 37 Teaching and supervision, 1907-1908 1,241. 456.60 603, 901.38 1,845, 357. 98 Teaching and supervision, 1906-1907 1,189 554.06 502, 388, 16 1,691, 942.22

Increase 51: 902. 54 101, 513.22 153, 415.76 Buildings and supplies, 1907-190S — 463 693. 97 340, 993. 81 804, 587.78 Buildings and supplies, 1906-1907 --- 383 972. 66 198, 091.75 582, 064.41 Increase 70 621.31 142, 902. 06 222, 523.37 Administration, 1907-1908* 147 283.00 137, 038.95 284, 321.95 Administration, 1906-1907 106 973.41 72, 810.78 179, 784. 19

Increase 40 309.59 64, 228.17 104 ,537.76

Balance, June 30, 1908 284 ,710.31 51, 361.20 336 071.51

*Includes overcharges, borrowed money repaid, etc., not properly chargeable to administration expenses. Increase for actual administration purposes is: Rural, $6,812.18; City (decrease), $710 33; North Carolina, $6,101.85.

MISCELLANEOUS STATISTICS, 1907-1908.

North Rural. City. Carolina.

Total school population, 1907-1908 590, 550 125, 166 715,716 Increase over 1906-1907 *8,889 14,996 6,107 Total enrollment, 1907-1908 423,221 74,495 497, 716 Increase over 1906-1907 4,280 9,509 13, 789 Total average daily attendance, 1907 1908 258,233 50, 255 308,488 Increase over 1906-1907 5,096 6,440 11,536 Total number schools 7,536 Total number teachers, 1907-1908 9,052 1,498 10,550 Average monthly salary of all teachers, 1907 08 29.17 41.42 32.58 Average term of all schools, 1907-1908 87.1 165.6 98.3 Total number schoolhouses, 1907-1908 7,282 255 7,537 Districts without houses, 1907-1903 379 379 New schoolhouses built, 1907-1908 404 404

*Decrease. Several school systems that were heretofore reported as rural are here included in the city column.

i 58

DEPARTMENT OF THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL.

T. W. Bickett. Attorney-General. The Attorney-General is a member of the Executive Departmenl of the State Government. He is elected by the people for a term of four years. His term begins the first of January next after his election and continues until his successor is elected and qualified, lie receives a salary of $3,000 per annum. It is the duty of the Attorney-General : 1. To defend all actions in the Supreme Court in which the State shall be interested, or is a party; and, also, when requested by the Governor or either branch of the General Assembly, to appear tor the State in any other court or tribunal in any cause or matter, civil or criminal, in which the State may be a party or interested. 2. At the request of the Governor. Secretary of State. Treasurer, Auditor, Corporation Commissioners, Insurance Commissioner, or Su- perintendent of Public Instruction, he shall prosecute and defend all suits relating to matters connected with their departments. 3. To represent all State institutions, including the State's Prison. whenever requested so to do by the official bead of any such institution. 4. To consult with and advise the solicitors, when requested by them, in all matters pertaining to the duties of their office. 5. To give, when required, his opinion upon all questions of law- submitted to him by the General Assembly, or either branch thereof, or by any official of the State. 0. To pay all moneys received for debts due or penalties to the State immediately after the receipt thereof into the treasury. The Attorney-General is also a member of the Stale Board of Edu cation, of the State Board of Public Buildings and Grounds, of the State Board of Pensions, and of the State Text book Commission. 54

THE DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE.

W. A. Graham, Commissioner.

of The Constitution of the State (1870^ provides for a Department Agriculture, Immigration and Statistics. Under this fundamental law the General Assembly established the Department of Agriculture in 1877. (Chapter 274). Since that time, it has been fostered and enlarged by the General Assembly, and its field expanded by the enterprise, energy and capacity of its corps of workers, until it stands to-day without a rival in efficiency in the South. This reputation comes from without more than from within the State. It is a condition that the administration may well be proud of. since the fact redounds to the credit not only of the Board of Agriculture and those engaged by it in the work. 1ml of the whole State. At present, the board consists of one member from each Congres- sional District, who is appointed by the Governor and confirmed by six and of the Commissioner of the Senate, for terms of years ; Agri- culture, who is, ex officio, a member of and chairman of the hoard. All members are required by law to be practical farmers. The Commissioner of Agriculture, who is chief executive officer of the department, was formerly elected by the board; but the Legisla- ture of 1899, in order to bring the Department in closer touch with the people, especially the farmers of the State, so changed the law as to make the Commissioner an elective officer. Hon. Samuel L. Pat- terson, of Caldwell County, who had filled this office by virtue of election since 1900, and six years at other periods prior thereto, died September 14th of this year. His administration of the office, when advances made in rendering it efficient and beneficial in practical matters are considered, make it notably the most useful in the history of the Department. Its present condition is a fitting memorial of his useful life, and high standard of devotio'n to and honest performance of public duty, with the scrupulous honesty he would give to personal matters. W. A. Graham, of Lincoln County, was appointed by the Governor to succeed him, and has also been elected by the people to fill the term beginning January 1, 1909. ...I

The Commissioners, in order of their terms, have been: L. L. Polk of Anson, Montford McGehee of Caswell, John Robinson of Anson, S. L. Patterson of Caldwell. W. A. Graham of Lincoln. The Secretaries have been: P. M. Wilson of Wake, T. K. Bruner of Rowan, J. L. Ramsey of Wake, T. K. Bruner of Rowan, and Elias Carr of Edgecombe.

State : The Chemists have been A. L. Ledoux, ('. W. Dabney, II. 1'.. A. Withers A. | Battle, W. (acting), W. Blair, B. W. Kilgore. It is remarkable that, during all the changes of the years, the essential features of the original law have been retained, showing that the wise men who originated and developed the idea of a departnaenl for the betterment of the State's interests builded better than thej knew.

The Board is charged with the following : 1. Investigations relating to the improvement of agriculture, the beneficial use of commercial fertilizers and composts, and for the in- ducement of capital and labor. 2. With investigations for the improvement of milk and beef cattle. especially with investigations relating to the diseases of cattle and other domestic animals—having power to quarantine infected animals and to regulate the transportation of stock within the State. 3. With investigations of the ravages of insects injuriously affecting market gardens, fruits, etc., and with dissemination of information essential for their abatement. 4. With investigations directed to the introduction and fostering of new agricultural industries adapted to the various soils and climate of the State. 5. With investigations relative to the subject of drainage and irri- gation, and mineral and domestic sources of fertilizer, including com posting, etc. 6. With the collection of information relating to the subject of farm fences, etc. 7. With the enforcement of the laws enacted for the sale of coin mercial fertilizers, seeds, food products, and with authority to make regulations concerning the same. 8. With the dissemination of information relative to the advantages of soil and climate, and to the natural resources and industrial op portunities offered in the State. 56

To these have been added: The issuing nt' monthly bulletins:

The Museum :

Farmers' Institutes :

Soil Survey : Enforcement by regulations of the Pure Food Law, Concentrated Commercial Feedingstuff Law, Cotton-seed Meal Law, Law Regulat- ing the Statistics of Leaf Tobacco, and the Immigration Law (under chapter 924. Laws 1907). The propagation of fish has been undertaken by the National Gov- ernment to such an extent as to render work as to migratory fish unnecessary by the Department. But the building of stone dams across the rivers in the Piedmont section in many cases—notably the Cataw- ba and Yadkin Rivers—practically destroyed the inland movement of these fish. The Department will endeavor to have investigations made as to practicability of restocking streams with varieties of local kinds of native fish. The rapid spread of the "Stock Law" over the State lias rendered unnecessary any action by the Board as to as to fences, as this is now largely local. A ma]) showing the stock law and no stock law. quarantine and free territory in the State has recently been issued. The Department is. to a considerable extent, a sub-legislature. The Legislature, in committing to its execution specified laws, confers upon the Board power to make regulations for tins purpose, which are bgiven the authority of law. and violations of them is made a misdemeanor, cognizant by the Courts. The power to co ifer this authority has been tested in the Courts and approved by decision of the Su- preme Court. The wisdom of this action is apparent to any one giving the subject consideration. If the details were enacted by the Legislature they could only be changed by the same authority, and would have to remain as enacted for at least two years, no matter bow impracticable any of them might lie found in execution. While under present conditions, the Board at each session lias full authority to alter existing regulations so as to answer the condition required. No body of the State's officers has more important duties to perform, nor do more efficient work in the same length of time. •J I

DRAINAGE.

The National Department of Agriculture is now doing sonic work along this line in this State, with which the State Department will co-operate. PUBLIC ROADS.

the By omission of Alexander law from the Revisal of 1905, the Department has no authority in road matters, except as a matter in which agriculture is deeply interested. It may be interesting to state that the General Road Law of the State, under which many counties are acting, is the same as adopted in list, in the early days of the State Government. The inhabitants of such counties are almost liter ally going "in the ways their fathers trod." No subject is of more importance to the farmers of the State, and attention will be given to the •"Mud Tax," which is the heaviesi and most unnecessary tax that the farmer pays. VETERINARY DIVISION.

The Division of Veterinary Science is under the direction of Dr. Tait Butler, whose services are devoted to giving information as to the care and feeding of farm animals, improvement of livestock, treatment of diseases, the gradual extermination of the tick, which is the source of the deadly Texas or splenic fever. Dr. Butler is Director of Farmers' Institutes, and that work has increased in value and interest under his management.

CATTLE QUARANTINE AND ERADICATION OK THE FEVER TICK.

The United States and State laws concerning the eradication of the cattle tick are simply improvements on the act of the Legislature of 1795 concerning the driving of cattle from the oak to the long-leaf pine sections of the State, which was continued as a statute until the Revisal of 1905. The disease was called murrain or distemper, and its malignity known, but not for a century was the cause ascertained and direct effort made for cure and eradication. Starting in 1899, with the crest of the Blue Ridge as the location of the quarantine line, it has been moved east to the Roanoke River in Warren County as the northern Boundary, and to the I'ee Dee in Anson as the southern boundary of (he Stale. This quarantine line is established by the \\ s. Agricultural Department. The move nl ol 58

cattle is restricted to a few mouths each year and subject to inspections and regulations, while exempted territory is free from impedi- ments. The price of cattle in the exempted section (that which is free of the tick) is thought to he one cent per pound live weight over that in the quarantined sections. The value of exemption is apparent. The stock law tends to destroy the tick and where it has pre- vailed for several years, few ticks being found, the county is soon declared free. At the suggestion of this Department, infected counties or parts of counties have been quarantined, and the clear territory has been given the benefit of exemption. farmers' institutes.

.Meetings of farmers to hear matters pertaining to their vocation discussed by scientific men and also by practical farmers, have met with great encouragement in the numbers attending and interest shown in the proceedings, and the beneficial results to farming in the communities where the institutes are held.

Realizing that while "A. good farmer without, it is needful there i

he," that '"A good housewife within is as needful as he." institutes I for the benefit of the farmers' wives and daughters were introduced two years ago. They are well attended and will be helpful to the ladies of farmers' families. There were 2.°>4 institutes held this year. Regular institutes were held, attended by 21.0(H) persons. No branch of the work of the De- partment has been more acceptable and helpful to the State. CHEMISTRY.

Mr. B. W. Kilgore is in .charge of the Division of Chemistry, which makes analyses of fertilizer, cotton-seed meal, feed and foodstuffs, soils, minerals and marls, waters, etc. The following is the law as to deficient fertilizers (Revisal 1905,

Sec. 394!)) : "Whenever the Commissioner of Agriculture shall be satisfied that any fertilizer is essentially below the guaranteed value in plant food, it shall be his duty to assess such deficiency against the manufacturer of the fertilizer, and require that the value of the deficiency be made good to all persons who purchased such low-grade fertilizer; and the Commissioner may seize any fertilizer belonging to such manufac- 59

turer if the deficiency shall not be paid within thirty days alter notice to such manufacturer. If the Commissioner shall be satisfied thai the deficiency in plant food was due to the intention or fraud of the manufacturer, then the Commissioner shall assess and colled from the manufacturer twice the amount of the deficiency and pay over the same to the parties who purchased such fertilizer. If any manufacturer shall resist such collection or payment, the Commissioner shall immediately publish the analysis and the facts in the Bulletin and in such newspapers in the State as he may deem necessary." By section 3950, it is unlawful to sell or offer for sale in this stale any fertilizer or fertilizing material which contains hair, hoof meal. horn, leather scraps or other deleterious substances not available as food for plants, but in which such forbidden materials aid in making up the required or guaranteed analysis. Mr. B. W. Kilgore also superintends experiments at the Test Farms.

SOIL SURVEY AND TEST FARMS AND FARM DEMONSTRATION WORK.

This is conducted like the cattle quarantine, in conjunction with the U. S. Agricultural Department, the expenses being defrayed by each Department. The object is to locate the different types of soil in the State. Upon these types it is desired to locate test farms for practical and scientific purposes. Test farms have been established in Edgecombe County, at Willard Station in Pender County. States- ville, Blantyre in Transylvania County, near Swannanoa in Buncombe County, and arrangements are on foot for a peanut, bright tobacco and grass and stock farm. The effort is to conduct these farms for the benefit of the crops grown in each section, first mi small plats and then on a large scale, showing results of different kinds and amounts of homemade and commercial fertilizers, preparation of land, cultivation and rotation of crops and demonstration work. As it might be supposed that all children of the same parents would be exactly alike, so it might be inferred that all soils composed from decomposition of the same rocks would lie identical : bul this is known to be true in neither case. By demonstration work on different fields in the same locality, or type of soil, the variations of each can be ascertained, and the ma- nures prepared and cultivation suitable learned. The Demonstrator of the Department, as requested or as oppor tunity offers, can visit localities of the State, make suggestions upon 60

these lines, and gather statistics for promotion of the work. This bureau of the work is under the direction of Mr. T. B. Parker, of Wayne County, a successful, practical farmer. The National Depart ment is a doing large amount of work along this line and there is hearty co-operation between the two departments.

FOOD WORK UNDER THE STATE FOOD LAW. The Food Law was passed by the General Assembly of 1899. It was amended in 1905 and redrafted and passed as a new act in 1907. The law forbids the manufacture or sale of adulterated or mis- food branded or beverage and charges the Department of Agriculture with its enforcement. Inspections are made throughout the State and samples collected for analyses. The samples are examined for adulteration and the results published, showing the brand name of the article and the name and address of the manufacturer. The first report was published as the Department Bulletin for December, 1900. Since that time similar reports have been published annually. Since the law went into effect examinations have been made of 1,333 samples of food materials. The number of samples examined each year and the per cent, of adulteration found were as follows:

1900. Samples examined, 507: per cent, adulteration. 5(5.0 1901. Samples examined, SOS: per cent, adulteration. 35.7 1902. Samples examined. 589; per cent, adulteration. 21.3 1903. Samples examined. 477: per cent, adulteration. 32.1 1904. Samples examined. 347: per cent, adulteration. 17.0 1905. Samples examined, 317: per cent, adulteration. -12.2 1906. Samples examined. 544: per cent, adulteration. 21.7 1907. Samples examined. 500: per cent adulteration. 29.8 1908. Samples examined, 684: per cent, adulteration

There are two classes of adulterants found in food : 1. Substances which are deleterious to health, and 2. Substances which merely render the food less valuable. The use of the first is prohibited: the second can We used, provided their presence is made known to the purchaser. Much of the food and beverages sold in the State is in the hands of unintelligent men. who can be imposed upon by shrewd and mi- 61

Scrupulous manufacturers. Owing to various complications the en forcement of the Food Law is far more difficult than one nut familiar with the situation would think. The food so work, far, has been more educational than otherwise, the object being to show the venders the requirements of the law and to expose adulterated goods by publicity, which usually corrects the wrong or drives the goods from the market.

FEED INSPECTION.

The Legislature of 1903 passed a law regulating the sale and adulteration of feeds in North Carolina. This law was amended in 1905, and is similar to -the Fertilizer Law. It has for its object thai all feeds sold in North Carolina shall be pure and unadulterated. It requires the Commissioner of Agriculture to employ Feed Inspec tors, whose duty it is to visit the different towns in the State, see that the law is complied with as to the branding of bags, weight of bags, and to take samples of all feeds. These samples are examined microscopically in the towns in which they are found, and if adulterated are immediately withdrawn from sale. All samples collected are analyzed by the State Chemist, and the results, along with such additional information as circumstances may advise, are published in the Bulletins of the Department of Agri- culture. In enforcing the law, there are four main objects in view: 1. To slop the sale of adulterated feeds in North Carolina. 2. To educate the consumers to buy feed according to the analyses on the hags, just as he buys his fertilizer by an analysis. 3. To teach the dairymen and farmers the host way to combine their homegrown feeds with those they are compelled to buy to *:>' the greatest benefit from the amount consumed.

4. To stimulate a desire on the part of tl e consumers for better feeds. ENTOMOLOGY.

The work of this Division includes the inspection of fruit trees, which are not allowed to be sold in this State unless declared free from disease. Experts are sent to examine all nurseries \'<

I HORTICri.'I UBE.

.\ir. W. N. Ilutt supervises this Division. Its work is devoted to promoting the interests of trucking,- the home and market garden, I also tbe culture, preservation and marketing the fruits of the State. 8

The test farm in Pender County is used in connection with the i trucking interests of the eastern part of the State. On this farm, .$1,500 was realized from the sale of the lettuce raised on one and one-fourth acres of land. The Blantyre farm in Transylvania County and tbe Greenwood farm in Buncombe County will be used largely to illustrate tbe culture, harvesting and marketing of fruit and the prevention and cure of diseases of fruit trees. Mr. Ilutt has recently held in tbe apple section a short series of institntes to illustrate the proper packing of fruit for shipment. In- stitutes on pruning, spraying, etc., were held in proper season.

THE BULLETIX.

The Bulletin is issued monthly, each month being devoted to a particular subject. Its value seems to be appreciated both within and without the State, as is attested by its continually increasing mailing list, which is now nearly 35,000, an increase of 8,000 in four years. Besides the regular monthly Bulletin, special papers are issued when deemed of enongh importance to justify tbe expense. THE MUSEUM.

The State Geologist had, since the establishment of his Department in 1850. collected specimens of different kinds, principally of minerals, representing the natural resources of the State. In 1879, the care of the Museum and expense of maintenance were transferred to the Department of Agriculture. A building has been erected for its occupancy, and its contents increased manifold. It is now by far 63 the most extensive iu its contents of anything of its nature south of save the Philadelphia, National Museum at Washington, I >. C. To it, more than any other source, is attributable the fine displays the State has made at International. National and State Expositions, li is the State's object lesson, representing its res iurces in agriculture, timber, minerals, fishes, birds, game animals and flora and fauna in general. It is under the efficient management of Mr. II. II. Brimley as Cura- tor, who has ably filled the position for thirteen years, and added much in value and number to the contents. As articles affected by time become undesirable they are replaced. The idea is to keep the Museum constantly growing with no chance for stagnation. HALL OF HISTORY.

The Hall of History, so important a feature of the great State Mu- seum, was begun in 1903. and in the time which lias intervened, a collection of objects illustrating every period of the life of North Carolina, as Province, Colony and State, has been so rapid thai the number of objects .considerably exceeds 5,000. The collection is particularly rich in objects of the Colonial and Revolutionary periods and that of the Civil War. The Director has ma.de several journeys in the State, all resulting in marked additions to the collection. The gifts, in the way of paintings, photographs, etc.. already exceed si. 500 in value. Many lectures have been delivered each year iu the Hall of History, and this object lesson, the finest in the South, has proved a great stimulus to historical research and popular interest in the history of North Carolina. The collection has been made by and is in charge of Col. F. A. Olds, as Director, and the objects therein are either gifts or loans. Any persons having possession of. or knowing of the location of objects which have a hearing upon North Carolina history in any way, are particularly requested to in- form the Director of this fact, as objects are thoroughly protected against injury by moths or other insects and are set before the pub lie in the most attractive way. [M MIGRATION.

After two years (1899 and 1900) in aid of immigration, the Depart ment abandoned active work and gave only such attention as eon 64

ditions demanded. By direction of chapter '.)*-!4, Laws of I'.xiT. active

- woi'K was resumed. The Secretary of the Board. Mr. T. K. Brunei , was sent abroad for work under the provisions of this act. The United States laws forbid the introduction of laborers under contract or agreement. The State limits efforts to obtain immigrants to desirable persons from other States of the Union. Canada and other nations of Teutonic. Celtic or Saxon origin. But the following counties are exempted from this provision and are allowed to secure immigrants from any country except Southern Italy: Brunswick, Bla- den, Columbus, New Hanover, Onslow. Pender. Pasquotank, Surry, Dare, Hyde. Martin. Washington. Tyrrell. Pamlico, Beaufort. Lenoir. Carteret. Craven. Pitt, Montgomery, Camden. Currituck and Duplin. The work done by the Department has been more successful than ever before. Literature in English and several foreign languages, setting forth the special advantages of North Carolina to .home-seekers, has been published and distributed. Lantern slides have been made and much material collected for making illustrative exhibits. Agents have been appointed in England and Scotland, and efforts have been made to secure only a desirable class of immigrants. Owing to the general financial panic, active work in foreign countries has been stopped. However, we have received >nto the State

75 immigrants from Great Britain. 12 from Norway, "_' from Northern Italy; from other States 12 families, most of whom have purchased farms. Many others have come, but we have no way of finding out at what points they have located. Private parties and corporations— notably the Carolina Trucking Development Co.. of Wilmington, N

('.. who have located 833 persons in the vicinity of Wilmington—have done much to induce immigration, and the Department co-operates with them in every way possible. As required by the law. lists of lands for sale have been prepared, and. together with other descriptive literature, are distributed by the Department. Lists of parties enquiring through the Department for North Carolina property, with a view of purchasing, are also given to the State papers for publication. The Department has no lands of the State for sale, and can make no contracts, warrant titles, or do any work of like nature. It can only put parties desiring to purchase property in the State in communication with citizens who have property to sell, and leave them to perfect sales, if it is found desirable. 65

The lists of lauds are divided into four pamphlets Tidewater, Coastal Plain, Piedmont and Mountain, each containing the lands re corded for sale in the respective divisions.

SALES OF LEAF TOBACCO.

Chapter 97, Laws 1907, requires the Department to preserve a rec ord of the leaf tobacco sold on the flours of tne warehouses of the State, and publish them monthly. Each warehouse is required to furnish an account of its sales, and is guilty of a misdemeanor for failure.

DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND PRINTING.

M. L. Shipman, Commissioner.

This Department was established by the Legislature of L887 as the "Bureau of Labor Statistics." The Department's work was for years confined to the narrow limits of making report upon industrial conditions, under the handicap of insufficient appropriation and want of power. With an annual provision of only $2,000 this work was aec- essarily incomplete, yet even in its restricted scope it was important aud valuable as affording undoubted evidence of the State's sympathy with and encouragement of the manufacturing and industrial enterprise of its people—then latent, now magnificently expressed. With the added duty of the supervision of the State's printing, how ever, the Department entered upon a stage of intense!) practical activity. Its cost to the State—$3,500 a year, to cover salaries and the expenses of securing the information necessary to the statistical side of its work— is still a pittance, compared with Us responsibili- ties and usefulness: but its conduct has been such as not only widely to advertise and promote the advantages and possibilities of the State industrially, but also to result in an annual saving to the Slate Treasury of an amount of money that at the least is double the cost of its maintenance. For years the "State printing" was considered not a business enter prise, but a political bonus. By practically unanimous consent this important incident of government was left, as it were, to take care of itself. The Legislature let the contract and then let alone its execu 66 tion. When the Legislature adjourned it left the contract and the printing with the printer. Sometimes the holder of the "plum" was a printer in fact; sometimes he was only a printer in name. In either event the State"s interest in a business involving the expenditure of large sums of money was left solely in the hands of the party interested in drawing the money for the work. The work itself was that pertaining to a highly technical and little understood trade, net-d- ing the closest supervision and on its face open to suspicion in its performance. When the Legislature, therefore, put the supervision and control of the State"s printing in the hands of the Department it substituted business for political methods, and forever removed the matter of printing from the realm of partisanship and the hope or suspicion of graft. Under the old method not only did the State necessarily accept at face value the reports of the printer as to the amount and quality of work done, but also as to the amount of supplies needed in its performance. Purchases of paper alone mount into many thousands of dollars annually. Even if these purchases were honestly applied, they were not always economically made. Under the control of the De- partment all these matters are now given to the careful scrutiny and watchful control of an officer competent and specially trained for such duties. Before a single item of printing expense is paid for by the State the account of the printer is examined, accompanied by an inspection of the work itself, by a man who himself knows the printing business. Every pound of paper purchased is bought by the State to tit the particular need and is subject to the decision of the expert of the Department, himself, according to the provisions of the act. a "practical printer." The eye of the Department is constantly on every detail of this large, growing and complex function of administration. That it is a work intelligently performed and honestly safe- guarded is shown by the fact that the printing of the State is now done at a price cheaper than that of any other Commonwealth and at a standard of excellence as high as can be shown by any other Sta.te. A comparison of reports and public documents issued by this and other States is generally as favorable to the former in respect to the quality of work as it is in regard to the expense of doing it. During the last ten years the amount of printing done by the State has practicallv doubled. This is due not only to the increase in busi- (JT ness throughout the State, but to the more thorough and modern methods of administration now in vogue in the several State deparl meuts. The work of the office of the Secretary of Stale lias greatly increased iu volume, owing to the wise and progressive corporation laws. The systematized work of the Auditor's Department, the De- partment of the State Treasury, the Corporation Commission and the Insurance Department has cajled for the multiplication of printing requirements. The Department of Education, sustaining the pair sit by the widespread impulse of eight years age. is now sending oul volumes where it formerly printed pages. The Agricultural Depart- ment turns to the State Printer to prepare for it the documents of growing circulation that arc constantly issuing in a scientific and appreciated effort to put the fanning interests in the advance of a gen eral awakening to progress, prosperity and the employment of modern methods. To every exercise of the new business spirit in the State administration printing is necessary. No investment yields a larger return than printer's ink, and under the wise legislation now governing the making of the contract and its performance, no more actual value is anywhere received for the expenditure. The total cost of the State printing is now a large item in the annual budget of the State Government. The practical and immediate benefit and necessity of the Department of Labor and Printing is therefore seen at a glance. In addition to performing these new and valuable duties, the De partment is still progressing along the lines tor which it was originally established. Its reports are the chief medium through which the world at large keeps track of the wonderful industrial and manufacturing enterprise that is so great matter of pride in the State. Its statistics—painstaking, thorough and discriminating present each year a record that is expressed in terms of cold figures, but is never- theless the most eloquent commentary that can lie read by patriotic North Carolinians. The tables condensing the condition of manufac Turing enterprise, that show the widespread activity in every character of industry, that set forth from every section of the State the opportunities for investment of capital and (he future awaiting the home-seeker and wage-earner are beyond computation of value, both of as advertising the possibilities of the State abroad and as a means self-knowledge at home. Wonderful progress achieved by home en ergy creates of itself the need of foreign capital: universal employ GS merit at good wages creates of itself the need for labor. The activity of the State along all lines of effort and production, while it has created capital and given employment, has rendered both more capital and more labor imperative. The value of a comprehensive report, therefore, of the numbers, the size and output of every mill and factory, which calls attention to the improved condition of labor and points the need for workers, which giv«6 in detail the yet latent possibilities of a rich land (largely undeveloped, although in the very throes of impatient growth), cannot fail to be of incalculable benefit. That it is so, indeed, is shown by the eagerness with which the edition of 5,000 copies is almost instantly absorbed by every State in the Union and every foreign country, by the constant inquiries that the Department is called upon to answer from prospective capitalists, home-seekers and laborers, and by the not infrequent instances where actual investment and actual settlement by desirable citizens from other States and countries can be traced to the direct influence of the Department's publications. The work of the Department of Labor and Printing is necessarily done away from the public eye. The watchful auditing of thousands of dollars of accounts, the economical purchase of thousands of dollars of supplies, the skillful exposition and appraisement of industrial facts is not spectacular labor, but a work of the highest value and the largest returns. The Department is the agency of a wise government to supervise practically and intelligently an important phase of its administration and to record and give impetus to the industrial, educational and moral advancement of the State.

The following have been Commissioners : Wesley N. Jones, 1SS7- 1S89; John C. Scarborough, 1889-1893; Benjamin R. Lacy, 1893-1897; James Y. Hamrick, 1897-1899; Benjamin R. Lacy. 1899-1901; Henry 1009. B. Varner, 1901-1908 ; M. L. Shipman. G9

THE DEPARTMENT OF INSURAN< I..

James R. Young, Commissioner.

Prior to 1899 the supervision of insurance companies of North Caro- lina was in the bands of the Secretary of State, who received certain fees and was allowed $1,000 for clerical help. The Legislature of 1899 created the Insurance Department and placed the present Com- missioner in charge of it. The insurance laws as set forth in the Revisal of 1905. with amendments thereto, are looked upon as the best code of insurance laws of any Southern State and are certainly admirably adapted to the conditions prevailing in this section. As revenue producers the law and Department are a success, and while the benefits accruing from a proper supervision of insurance companies in the State cannot be measured in dollars and cents, they are. in the opinion of those in a position to know, of much more value to the State and her citizens than the revenue collected. The duties required of the Insurance Commissioner are as important and involve as much work and responsihility as those of any other department in the State Government. In addition- to this, the Insurance Commissioner is taken from his office about one third of the time by official duties. The work of the Department calls for as much clerical ability and labor as the work of any other depart nt. No part of the work should be neglected, and it is increasing every year, and becomes of more and more value to the State and her citizens. The efficiency of the Department can only he kept up by allow ing sufficient clerical force, and this will call for such help as is com mensurate with, and demanded by, the development and rapid in crease of the work of the Department. The Commissioner should he relieved, as far as possible, of clerical work, lie is wort I re to the State in discharging the other duties of his office. Under the law it is made the duty of the Commissioner to collect all licenses, taxes and fees due the State by any company or associa tion under the supervision of his Department. The Secretary of State paid into the State Treasury in 1898, $84, 879.28, and this was the largest amount ever reported for any one year prior to the creation of the Department. 70

The amounts collected since by the Insurance Commissioner and paid into the State Treasury are:

For year L899 $ 92,865.21 For year 1900 91,077.92 For year 1901 132,034.03 For year 1902 153,067.12 For year 1903 174,633.60

For year 1904 . 197,402.28 For year 1905 205,124.07 For year 1906 215,330.89 For year 1907 224,680.23

Total $1,486,815.35

'The above figures do not include the special amounts collected from insurance companies for the publication of their statements and the investigation of fires. These are special funds, and are collected and must be used only for the special objects named. The investigation of incendiary fires in the State is paid out of a fund collected of the fire insurance companies and does not cost the State one cent. The Commissioner is paid a salary of .$3. 500 per annum and allowed $5,100 for clerical help, which can only be used for this purpose. During seven years of the Department the Commissioner has collected and paid to the State Treasurer, of the class of fees formerly allowed the Secretary of State for his services in this behalf,

as follows :

For year 1899 $ 9,184.00 For year 1900 5,731.50 For year 1901 10.732.50 For year 1902 11.168.50 For year 1903 13,240.00 For year 1904 16.476.50 For year 1905 16,750.50

Total $83,283.50

The salary of the Commissioner during these years was $2,000 per annum. So it will be seen that, taking off the salary allowed the Commissioner for seven years, there is left a balance of $09,283.50 71

saved to the State out of the class of fees formerly allowed the Sec retary of State as his salary for looking after insurance companies. The Legislature of 1907, seeing the necessity of additional clerical force to do the increased work in the Department, increased the lone by adding an actuary, a bookkeeper and a license clerk, and placed all the clerks in the Department upon a salary. These salaries amount to $5,100 annually. The same class of fees referred to above amounted in the year 1906 to $18,006.80; in 1907 to $19,166.00, making a total of $37,172.80, showing, after taking off the salary of the Com missioner, even with the increase of the numtfer of employees made necessary by the growth of the Department, that the amount of fees collected as above and paid into the State Treasury amounts to over six and a half times as much as these salaries in the Department. The money now collected and paid into the State Treasury of this class of fees amounts annually to over twice the whole cost of the Department. One great benefit that has accrued from the North Carolina insurance laws and the work of the Department has been the organization of home insurance companies and the placing of considerable insurance in them, thus keeping at home much of home money spent for insurance. In 1899 there were only six home fire companies doing business in the State. They wrote only 10 per cent, of the risks and received $123,471.26, or 12 per cent, of the premiums, while in 1907 there were 24 home companies which wrote $39,837,634.38, 18 per rent, of the lire risks, and received therefor $823,833.13. or 28 per cent, of the amount paid in the State for fire insurance. In 1899 there was only one home life insurance company (and that an assessment one) doing business in North Carolina, with $479.35 in assets. In 1907 there were, including assessment, tweuty-two home life companies. The six legal reserve companies reported in assets $2,392,864.10. The reports of the six North Carolina home legal 'reserve life companies show as their receipts during 1907, $791,896.32, jand as risks at the end of the year in insurance $22,638,139. It is worthy of note that while there have been startling disclosures as to contributions by life insurance companies to political campaign funds and other graft or fraud, none has been perpetrated by the life companies domiciled in North Carolina. The insurance < lit ions in this State are very gratifying, and promise much in the future in aiding the industrial progress and upbuilding of the State. The Legislature of 1905 placed all building and loan associations under the supervision of the Insurance Commissioner. There were then forty-three associations doing business in the State. There are now over 100 associations working in the State and no class of corporations is doing more in building up our cities and towns and providing homes for our citizens, especially the working classes. The own- ership of homes is very conducive to good citizenship and progress. At the close of business in 1907 eighty-one associations reported in assets $5,355,536.12, and as loaned out to build or pay for homes $5,238,397. The Insurance Commissioner represents the State in all its deal- ings with insurance companies, associations and orders. He must pass upon applications of companies under his Department and decide whether to license them and then supervise them and see that they comply with the law and treat the citizens of the State right or re- voke their licenses to do business in the State. He must collect all licenses and taxes due the State by companies and associations under his Department. .He must collect reports of ail tin>s in the State and investigate all suspicious ones and have all persons suspected of incendiarism prosecuted where the evidence justifies it. Ninety-eight persons have been convicted under this law since it was. passed and served their sen- tences in prisons. He must see that the laws regulating the erection and inspection of buildings are observed. Better buildings mean fewer fires and lower fire insurance rates. Seventy-five thousand dollars annually is now saved in fire by this law. He must look into all premiums J violations of the fire-insurance law and hear all complaints made by the citizens of the State against companies under his supervision and see that the citizen is protected in his rights. He must keep all State property insured as provided by law, and annually inspect all State institutions and buildings, with a view to the protection from fire of them and their inmates. Since the formation of this Department in 1899 and the adoption of the present insurance laws there has been a gradual but decided improvement in the insurance conditions of the State. Better prac- tices prevail and there is less friction between the people and this 73 class of corporations. Contracts have been improved and rates re duced and will, no doubt, be still further reduced under the presenl insurance laws and their strict enforcement, although the citizens of are the State now paying over $225,000 annually for l heir fire insurance less than they would pay at the rates prevailing in any other Southern State. Any further information about the Department will be furnished upon application to the Commissioner.

NORTH CAROLINA CORPORATION COMMISSION.

II. C. Brown, Clerk.

The North Carolina Corporation Commission was established by an act of the General Assembly of 1899, superseding the Railroad Com- mission which was established in 1891. The offices of the Commis- sion are located in the Agricultural Building at Raleigh. The Commission has general supervision over all railroad, telegraph, telephone, street railway, steamboat, canal, waterworks, and all other companies exercising the right of eminent domain. It is authorized to hear and adjust complaints, to fix and revise tariffs of all railroads and all other transportation companies. The Commission is a Board of Appraisers and Assessors for all the railroads and other corporations mentioned above. The Commission is also a State Tax Commission, having and exercising general supervision over the tax-listers and assessing officers of the State. There are 301 banks in the State, over which the Commission has supervision. The Commission has authority to appoint Bank Exam- iners, whose duties are to examine the various hanks of the State and report to the Commission. COMrLAIiN'TS.

The Commission has heard 3,531 complaints. These complaints consist principally of overcharges, discriminations, freight service. failure of railroad companies to provide cars lor transporting freights, storage charges, petitions for depots at sidings. The Commission is authorized to make rules for the handling of freight, and to require the building of depots, etc. 74

When the complaint is Hied, the attention of the company com- is plained against called to the cause of the complaint ; and if the matter be such that cannot he settled by correspondence alone, the officers of the company complained against are cited to appear. In a large majority of cases these claims are amicably settled to the entire satisfaction of the parties concerned and without cost to the com- plainant; others have, however, required hearings. The records of the Commission show that many complaints and claims, aggregating thousands of dollars, have been paid to shippers. Union and other stations have been established all along the various lines of railroads.

CORRESPONDENCE.

The correspondence of the office has been voluminous—many inquiries touching taxation and matters pertaining to corporations, etc. Shippers have found that by applying to this office they can he advised of the proper freight rates and of the rules governing the transportation of freight to and from all points, and they are taking ad- vantage of the opportunity. Much correspondence is necessary in the preparation of cases and the gathering of such statistics as are contemplated by law. All of this involves a vast amount of labor and correspondence. The records of the office show that there were 24,286 letters written and mailed from the office for the past year alone.

ASSESSMENT AND VALUATION OF RAILROAD. TELEGRAPH, TELEPHONE, AND STREET RAILWAY PROPERTY BY THE CORPORATION COMMISSION.

In the year 1900—the year before the Commission was established— the railroad properties of the State were valued at $12,321,704: in the year 190S the Commission assessed and valued the properties of railroads and other corporations as mentioned below at $92,982,950. The valuations are as follows: ASSESSMENT AND VALUATION OF RAILROAD, TELEGRAPH, TELEPHONE, AND STREET RAILWAY PROPERTY.

Mileage. Companies. Total Main Valuation. Line. Sidings.

Atlantic Coast Line Railroad — 947.83 259.02 $28,434,900 Seaboard Air Line Railway 616.71 153.24 12,500,000 Southern Railway—owned lines 590. 09 124.98 17,701,800 Southern Railway— leased lines- 742.68 156.90 16,211,368 Miscellaneous Railroads 1,454.23 135.37 10,732,735

Total - 4,351.51 829.51 85. 580, 803

Electric Light and Gas Companies . 196,396 Bridge and Canal Companies 167,350 Refrigerator Companies 111,136 Steamboat Companies 131,633 Telephone Companies 402,964 Street Railway Companies 190,951 Waterworks Companies 645.225 Southern Express Company 419,099 Pullman Company 219,425 Telegraph Companies 917,974

Total 7, 402. 153

Grand total 92,982,956

TAXES PAID.

Atlantic Coast Line $228,976.60 Seaboard Air Line TJ2.osl.us Southern Railway 288,542.02 Miscellaneous roads 67,304.62

Total $706,904.32

EARNINGS AND OPERATING EXPENS1 S.

Earnings. Operating h's/icnscs. Atlantic Coast Line $ 7,254,822.39 $ 5,321,921.02 Seaboard Air Line 4,979,013.04 3,759,250.91 Southern Railway 12,617,888.36 8,684,534.13 Miscellaneous roads 3,440,006.49 2,537,518.23

Total— all roads $28,291,731 1.28 $2( »,3< »3.22 t.29 TO

THE STATE LIBRARY OF NORTH CAROLINA.

Miles O. Shekrill, Librarian.

In 1899 the State Library was recatalogued according to the Dewey card system, and was found at that time to contain 22.C.17 volumes, exclusive of pamphlets, bound newspapers, or Colonial and State Rec- ords. Since then 18,539 volumes have been added, making at present a total of 41,156 volumes. The Library has become an agency of great importance in the educational development of North Carolina. The educational movement of recent years has awakened great interest in library work, and our people realize now more forcibly than ever before the value of this work. The patronage of the State Library by students in our schools and colleges and by the general public within the past two years has slmwn a marked growth and an increasing realization of the place of the Library in educational work. Not a day passes that students are not found in the Library, at work investigating various subjects connected with the history, industries, and general life of North Caro- lina, or with the great problems of the Nation, and of the world. This patronage is not confined to any particular school or race. It comes from the schools and colleges of Raleigh, of the State at large, from universities such, as Johns Hopkins, Columbia, Harvard, and from students who are not connected with educational institutions at all. The practical politician studying modern problems comes along with the historian whose researches are among records centuries old. To meet all these various needs, the Trustees are directing their efforts to the building up of a great reference library. No works of fiction, unless they be by North Carolina authors, or portray North

Carolina life, are purchased. The meagre appropriation is better expended, in the judgment of the Trustees, in the purchase of works of reference, history, biographies, treatises on problems of modern life, etc., etc. All works written by or about North Carolinians, or about North Carolina, are purchased. The North Carolina collection now contains 980 titles, exclusive of 657 pamphlets, and forms one of the most interesting and valuable features of the Library. Another peculiarly valuable feature of the Library is the collection of bound newspapers. This now contains "2.323 volumes. There is i I

no other such collection of North Carolina newspapers in existence. Hanging in unbroken files from 1701 to date, they contain the history of the State during the most important periods of her existence. The property which the State owns in her State Library is valuable beyond all pecuniary estimate. Once destroyed it could never be replaced. The two most pressing needs at present are more r a and a safer depository. Both could be supplied by the erection of a fireproof library building—a step dictated by the plainest demands of economy and patriotism. SUMMARY.

Number of volumes now in Library 41,156 Number of volumes in the North Carolina collection 980

Number of pamphlets « 157 Number of bound newspapers 2,323

Number of visitors to Library 10,< 11 H 1

THE NORTH CAROLINA HISTORICAL COMMISSION.

R. D. W. Connor, Secretary.

The North Carolina Historical Commission was created by act of the Legislature of 1903. It consists of five members appointed by the Governor for terms of six years. They receive no salary, or p< r diem, but are allowed their actual expenses when attending to their official duties. The duties of the Commission are as follows: 1. To have collected from the files of old newspapers, court records, church records, private collections and elsewhere, historical data pertaining to the history of North" Carolina and the territory included therein from the earliest times. 2. To have such material properly edited, published by the State Printer as other State printing, and distributed under the direction of the Commission. 3. To care for the proper marking and preservation of battle-fields, houses and other places celebrated in the history of the Slate. 4. To diffuse knowledge in reference to the history and resources of North Carolina. 78

5. To encourage the study of the history of North Carolina in the schools of the State, and to stimulate and eneourage historical investigation and research among the people of the State. 6. To make a biennial report of its receipts and disbursements, its work and needs, to the Governor, to be by him transmitted to the General Assembly.

The powers of the Commission are as follows : 1. To adopt a seal for use in official business. -. To adopt rules for its own government not inconsistent with the provisions of the law.

.".. To tix a reasonable price for its publications and to devote the revenue arising from such sales to extending the work of the Com- mission. 4. To employ a secretary. 5. To control the expenditure of such funds as may be appropriated for its maintenance.

THE STATE PRISON.

J. S. Mann, Superintendent, Raleigh.

This institution was founded by an act of the General Assembly, ratified the 12th day of April. A. D. 1SG9, entitled "An Act to Provide for the Erection of a Penitentiary." Reference is made to the act cited, and also to the Report of the Commission to Erect a Peniten- tiary. Document No. 18, Legislative Documents, 1808-70. The Prison building is a magnificent brick structure, erected upon granite foundation. The Prison wall is of granite, and is twenty feet in height and six feet broad at the top, and its base is said to extend sixteen feet below the surface. The building and wall are estimated to have cost the State more than a million and a quarter dollars. The institution is situated about one mile west of the capitol on the extension of Morgan street and near Hillsboro road. The affairs of the Prison are administered by a board of live directors, appointed by the Governor. The present Directors are J. G. Ilackett. Chairman. Wilkes County: W. I. Everett. Richmond County: John P. Kerr, Buncombe County: R. II. Speight, Edgecombe County, and S. II. Ilearne. Stanly County. The Prison administrative officers, appointed by the Board of Di- rectors, are J. S. Mann. Superintendent, Hyde County; John M. Flem-

ing, Warden. Wake County; T. M. Arrihgton, Clerk, Xasli County; J. R. Rogers, M. D.. Physician. Wake County. There are at present 695 inmates. The institution and all its outlying properties are al present iu ex ccllent physical condition. During the past eight years it has received no financial assistance from the State, but has been maintained entirely by its earnings, and the last report made by the Board of Directors to the Governor, on January 1. 1906, showed no liabilities, and assets amounting to $209, 4N4.!»5. THE DANGEROUS INSANE DEPARTMENT.

This Department, which is managed by the Board of Prison Direc- tors, occupies the extreme west wing of the Prison building, and is maintained by an appropriation from the earnings of the State Prison of .$5,000 per annum. Dr. James R. Rogers is the physician in charge. The Department has been properly maintained for the past eight years within the appropriation made by the State and Prison. The institution was intended to accommodate 50 patients. There are now (>2 patients, in consequence of which overcrowded condition the management is compelled to place several of them in cells of the Prison for safe keeping at night.

SUM MARY.

Founded L869

Number of buildings 1 Cost (estimated by Prison authorities) $1,225,000.00 Number of acres of land 7,300 Number of employees 150 Number of inmates 695 Paid into State Treasury by Act of 1907 $175,000.00 Surplus January 1. 1908 109, 100.19 Liabilities

The following have been Superintendents: \V. T. Hicks. Paul F. Faison, A. Leazer, John R. Smith. J. M. Mewborn, W. II. Day, J. S. Mann. §0

THE STATE BOARD OF HEALTH.

Richard II. Lewis. M. P.. Secretary, Raleigh.

The general scope and function of the State Board of Health is set forth in section 3 of chapter 214. Laws 1893, as amended by the Gen- oral Assembly of 1901, which is as follows: "That the North Carolina Board of Health shall take cognizance of the health interests of the people of the State, shall make sanitary investigations and inquiries in respect to the people, employing ex- ports when necessary; shall investigate the causes of diseases dangerous to the public health, especially epidemics, the sources of mortali- ty, the effect of locations, employments and conditions upon the public health. They shall gather such information upon all these matters for distribution among the people, with the special purpose of informing thorn about preventable diseases. They shall be the medical advisors of the State and are hereby especially provided for, and shall advise the government in regard to the location, sanitary construction and management of State institutions, and shall direct the attention of the State to such sanitary matters as in their judgment affect the industries, prosperity, health and lives of the people of the State. They may make an inspection once each year, and at such other times as they may be requested to do so by the State Board of Charities, of all public State institutions, including all convict camps under the control of the State Penitentiary, and make a report as.to their sanitary condition, with suggestions and recommendations to their respective boards of directors or trustees: and it shall he the duty of the officials in immediate charge of said institutions to furnish all facilities necessary for a thorough inspection. The Secretary of the Board shall make biennially to the General Assembly, through the Governor, a report of their work." From this it appears that the work of the Board is chiefly advisory, rather than executive. The fundamental idea in our health legislation is that of local home rule, the sanitary unit being the county sanitary committee, unless superseded for the corporation by the municipal health board (see section 8 of the act), consequently the executive functions in sanitary work are performed by the local bodies,

• 81 and the health officers which represent them. This is fortunately the case, for the reason that with the very small appropriation of $2,000 a year executive work would be out of the question. During the past biennial period the Board has continued its usual work as "medical advisor of the State*'; by sanitary inspections of its public institutions of all kinds, with accompanying suggestions and advice; by the wide dissemination among the people of information on the subject of hygiene, through the publication of its Monthly Bulletin and the distribution of health pamphlets and leaflets: by the oversight of the public water supplies of the State: by the analysis regularly in the State Laboratory of Hygiene, which is under its con trol, of such supplies of wells and springs suspected of causing disease, of specimens to decide the diagnosis of diphtheria, typhoid and malarial fevers, hookworm disease, etc. ; and by general advice on all kinds of sanitary subjects, by the distribution of printed circulars re lating to the prevention of the more important communicable diseases. including up-to-date instructions for quarantine and disinfection in infectious diseases, in person or by letter, to municipalities, corpora tions, firms, health officers, and private individuals: about two thousand letters having been written. The most important work inaugurated since the last meeting of the General Assembly is the institution, under the authority conferred bj chapter 884, Laws 1907, through the instrumentality of the State Laboratory of Hygiene, of the preventive treatment of hydrophobia. In the three mouths since this treatment was offered to the people of the State thirty-three cases have been treated, of which number eigb.1 paid the fee of fifty dollars, while the remainder, upon the presenta- tion of a sworn affidavit of their inability to pay, were treated free of charge. The result has been, even in so short a time, the beeping at home of thousands of dollars that would, otherwise, have been spent out of the State and the treatment of a number of our citizens too poor to seek safety elsewhere. But the present appropriation is utterly inadequate to the work that should be done for the people. It should be sufficiently increased to enable the payment to the Secretary of the Board of Health, or State Health Officer, salary enough to justify the requirement of him of the devotion of his whole time to this special work and give him the assistance necessary to its proper accomplishment. The last Leg islatures of our sister States of Virginia and South Carolina did this 82 by increasing their appropriation for State health from four to forty thousand dollars in Virginia, and in South Carolina appropriating twelve thousand dollars, with seven thousand additional on the approval of the Governor. These amounts are far below those given to this work by many States in the Union. The welfare of our people demands that we should follow, to an appreciable extent at least, their enlightened example. When the value to a community of one life is estimated at from live to eight thousand dollars by those who make a study of such things, it is not unreasonable to believe and to assert that the State receives a larger return, by far. from the money spent on health preservation than from any other appropriation.

BOARD OF PUBLIC CHARITIES OF NORTH CAROLINA.

Miss Daisy Denson, Secretary, Raleigh.

State Constitution, Article XI, sec. 7 : ''Beneficent provision for the poor, unfortunate and orphan beins one of the first duties of a civilized aud Christian State, the General Assembly shall, at its first session, appoint and define the duties of a Board of Public Charities, to whom shall be entrusted the supervision of all charitable and penal institutions, and who shall annually report to the Governor upon their condition, with suggestions for their improvement." Sec. 391G. Revisal of 1905: "This Board shall, besides their own observation, avail themselves of correspondence and exchange of facts of the labors of others in these departments, and thus be able to afford the General Assembly data to guide them in future legislation for the amelioration of the condition of the people, as well as to con- tribute to enlighten public opinion and direct it to interests so vital to the prosperity of the State." The Board of Public Charities is an advisory hoard without executive power, hut its duties are responsible and comprehensive. It has the right to inspect and report upon the management of State, charitable and penal institutions, including access to all por-

tions of the premises, and the right to examine all books and papers ; to visit and inspect county and municipal institutions, jails, camps and Homes in the same manner and to the same extent as the State institutions. It must visit, inspect and issue license to private hos- S3

pitals established for the care of insane, inebriates and feeble-minded, and can prescribe rules and regulations for licensed hospitals. It has the right to require reports from officials in charge of all charitable and penal institutions, both State and county. The inspections of the State institutions are made personally by the

members of the Board. Local boards of visitors (volunteer workers i have been organized in the counties by the Board, who Lnspecl the county institutions and make semi-annual reports. These local boards cannot be too highly praised for the noble work which they have accomplished in many of the counties, bettering the condition of the unfortunates. Printed circulars indicating the information desired are mailed all Boards of County Commissioners annually, and to hoards of visitors semi-annually. Questions are sent to all State institutions annually and to licensed private hospitals twice a year. Also, through cour- tesy, the private orplmnages, hospitals and miscellaneous charitable bodies of the State report upon blanks sent out from the office of the Board. The Board should be the centre of charitable activity of the State. Whenever opportunity offers, the members of the Board and the Secretary visit county and private institutions. An annual report is made to the Governor, and a biennial report. which the Board •'shall print," is made to the General Assembly. These reports contain in detail the proceedings of this Board, the reports of the institutions and recommendations for changes or improvements. In addition, the Secretary makes a monthly report to the Chairman, and a quarterly report to the Board at their regular men ings. It is charged with the duty of collecting, collating and publishing such facts as may conduce to a correct judgment of the needs of the several institutions. Another important duty is "to avail themselves of correspondence and exchange of facts of the labors of others in these departments." With this end in view, a systematic exchange of reports with other States and countries has been maintained. The library of philan thropic books and pamphlets, numbering over 1,500, has not cost the State a cent. For the same reason members of the Board and the Secretary have affiliated with the National Conference of Charities and Correction, 84 and from time to time attend the meetings of this notable body at their own expense. Also, without expense to the State, the Secre- tary has attended a session of the School of Philanthropy of New- York, visiting the institutions of that State, and later a number of institutions in Pennsylvania, Washington, D. ('., and Richmond, Va. The Governor annually appoints delegates to the National Confer- ence of Charities and Corrections and to tbe American Prison Asso- ciation. Reports and proceedings of these and other national bodies are collected for reference. There is no appropriation for the expense of inspection—not even members of the Board can make inspections of the State institutions except at the time of a regular meeting, unless they defray their own expenses. This makes much of tbe Board's work ineffective. They are charged with responsible duties which cannot be performed as they should be, or as the members desire, for want of means. The reports of the institutions, payrolls, and the census of the insane are on file in the office of the Board in the Capitol, and are open to the inspection of the members of the Assembly, who are cordially invited to visit the office and make use of the data gathered there for this purpose.

NORTH CAROLINA GEOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC SURVEY.

Joseph Hyde Pratt, til ate Geologist, Chapel Hill.

The work of the North Carolina Geological and Economic Survey includes a variety of subjects, and it may be well, in this brief discussion of its operations during tbe past two years, to take up the different lines of work of the Survey separately. Mining and Geology. —A careful study has been made of the occur- rence of the economic minerals in the State and quantity and value of the production of each mineral that is mined or quarried during the past two years. These results have been published in Economic Papers 14 and 15 under the title "Mining Industry in North Carolina During 1906 and 1007." In the report for 1906 tbere is given a de-f tailed description of tbe gold deposits of the State and the changes? in the methods of mining and treatment of the gold ores that haver resulted favorably to the development of this industry. The copper j ores of Swain and Graham counties, Rowan and Davidson counties,; and of Person and Granville counties are also discussed in some de- 85

tail in these reports. A more elaborate report on these deposits will be published later as a volume on the Copper Deposits of North Caro- lina. Mica and monazite mining have also been treated in considerable detail in these two reports. An elaborate report on the mineral waters of the State form's a part of the mining industry for L907. In these papers are also given descriptions of new mineral localities, and particular attention is called to those that are of apparent economic importance. There has been a constant increase in the value of the mineral production in North Carolina for a number of years, and the following table will show the changes in the production of the various minerals for the past five years :

THE MINERAL PRODUCTION IN NORTH CAROLINA FOR THE YEARS 1903-1007.

Value. Mineral.

1903. 1904. 1905. 1906. 1907.

Go!d 113.604 123,924 129, 153 122, 008 82,105 Silver 16.907 19.132 20,216 30,944 14,299 Copper 67,037 36,600 88,000 135,829 116,416 Iron 78, 540 79, 846 70,352 75,638 113,488 Pyrite Garnet Corundum 12, 250 6.586 9.000 13, 500 Millstones 902 6,500 2,652 4, no 1,969 86,300 100,724 100, 900 205, 756 p»l£S:::::::: 2.400 3,410 3,375 11,940 15,250 Quartz 36.827 36, 269 13,659 12,578 1,664 Precious stones 1,525 10,600 3,350 5,000 7,580 Rare minerals 270 160 9,300 Monazite 58, 694 79,438 107,324 125, 510 54,824 Zircon 570 200 1,600 2 IS 46 Barytes 21,347 33,930 21,670 10,020 18,855 Talc and pyrophyllite- 76,984 65,483 74.940 66,979 74,347 Mineral water 13,085 21.902 38,755 31,413 40,302 Graphite 248 525 475 it:. Coal 25, 300 8,820 2,336 Stone 360,322 312.576 397,922 854,301 956.!U'.t Sand and grravel 547 9,191 2,191 Sand-lime brick 17,500 29. 103 Kaolin 76,000 76,670 85, 622 90.036 Clay products 866,458 914,880 1,038,430 ,182,660 1,316

Total value 1.915,570 1,985,675 2,439,380 3,007,601 3,1

A special volume is being prepared on the genera! resources of the State, and will give a description of every single mineral thai has been found in North Carolina. 86

During 1907 a long series of experiments was carried on by the North Carolina Geological and Economic Survey in co-operation with the U. S. Geological Survey in determining the value of the heavy black sands that occur in many of the gravel deposits of the State. Public Roads.—-The question of good roads has been constantly agi- tated by the Survey, and several counties have been assisted in their work in construction of public roads by road engineers who have been sent to consult with them through the influence of the State Survey. The State Geologist has given a number of addresses throughout the State on "Good Roads." and. in co-operation with the North Carolina Good Roads Association, has issued several good roads circulars. The question of a State Highway Commission and State aid to counties in construction of roads, has been very thoroughly discussed at various meetings, and public opinion now seems to be very much in favor of this. It is the desire of the State Geologist to have a sufficient appropriation so that it will be possible for every county that desires assistance in the way of expert advice to be supplied with road engineers to assist them in their work for a week or six weeks, or more, as the case may be. Forestry. —Problems relating to forestry arc now receiving a great deal more attention of the Survey than formerly, for the reason that through co-operation with the State Board of Education we have been able to employ a forester, Mr. W. W. Ashe, of Raleigh, who is making a thorough study and investigation of forest conditions in the State and the future outlook of our timber supply. The problems of re- forestation and greater income from forests are also being taken up. There are. approximately, 2,000,000 acres of waste lands in the State, and the Geological Survey, through the efforts of its forester, is demonstrating how these waste lands can be planted in trees and reclaimed, and become a source of income to their owners. The question! of forest fires is also receiving attention and plans are being worked out regarding the prevention of these fires, which are so destructive ul property. The forester lias been giving a number of addresses throughout the State on forestry and its value to the State and td In the individual. connection with forestry work, eight leaflets hav

newspaper in the State. These have given information regarding thif work in forestry. One bulletin on shade trees for North Carolina has been published and has received very favorable consideration fron 87 municipalities as well as individuals who are interested in the pro teetion and planting of shade trees in our cities and towns. A bulle tin is nearly completed on the loblolly pine, demonstrating its value for timber purposes, its rate of growth, and value for planting as a timber tree. The forest area of North Carolina covers more than L0,000,000 acres, a very large part of which is steep, rough, or poor land which is not suitable for farming purposes. These forests, together with the industries dependent upon them, now produce material amounting in value to more than $35,000,000 a year, and give employmenl t" 30,000 men. This indicates the very great importance of our forests and industries dependent upon them to the State, and the need of investigations that will tend to the conservation of our forests, so that these industries shall he permanent. Hydrography.—During the past two years the work has been con tinued on the streams and water powers of the State, and the stream gauging stations have been increased to 3(>, established on most of our important streams. The measurements have been kept up throughout the entire two years and the flow of the water has been determined at intervals. This work lias been done in co-operation with the U. S. Geological Survey, and there is now ready for the press a bulletin of about 300 pages which gives in detail all the statistics relating to the water powers of the State that have been collected since the publication of the previous water-power bulletin in 1898. These water-power reports are constantly calling attention of capitalists to the available water powers of the State, and have re suited in investment of a large amount of money in their development. Water Supplies.—During the past three years, the Geological Sur- vey has. in co-operation with the U. S. Geological Survey, been making a thorough investigation of the water supplies of Eastern North Carolina, with especial reference to the sinking of deep or artesian wells. This investigation has covered the whole of the coastal plain region representing that portion of the State east of Raleigh and Fayetteville, and there is now ready for the press a bulletin covering the results of these investigations. Each county is taken up separately and the possibility and probability of obtaining artesian water is discussed, and some idea is given of the quality and quantity "f the water. As this work progressed, it was found to he much more S8 extensive than was at first expected, and the area was extended so that the report could not he brought out as early as it was at tirst hoped. Fisheries. —The work relating to the tish and oyster industries of the State has been continued by the Geological Survey in connection with the State Fish Commission. Two important publications have been brought out by the Survey, one. volume 2, on the fisheries of North Carolina, which gives a description of every tish that has been found in the State, and discusses the habits of those fishes that are of commercial value: and the other, bulletin 15, on the results of Experiments in Oyster Culture in Pamlico Sound. This latter report shows that the cultivation of the oyster in North Carolina can be carried on profitably in many sections of Pamlico and other sounds, but that certain legislation is necessary to protect the cultivator of oysters and also to protect the natural oyster beds. The State Geolo- gist has had general supervision of the work of the Fish Commission, and while the funds available for this work have not been large, it has, however, permitted the Commission to carry out its principal work, which was the enforcement of the laws relating to the fishing industry. This has been done most satisfactorily by Mr. Theodore Meekins, Fish Commissioner; Capt. YV. O. Lupton. Deputy Commis- sioner, and their assistants. As a result of the work in this line, it was decided to call a meeting of the fishermen and oystennen of Eastern North Carolina to discuss the existing conditions relating to these industries. This meeting was called at Morehead City the latter part of August, and over seventy delegates were present. The questions relating to the fish and oyster industries were thoroughly discussed, and the results of the deliberations of that convention are published in Economic Taper No. 10. Drainage.—Another problem that has confronted the Geological Survey during the past two years has been the subject of drainage, and some rather important investigations have been made during this time which have shown conclusively that large areas of the swamp lands of Eastern North Carolina can be drained profitably. There are. approximately. 3,000,000 acres of swamp lands in North Carolina, of which at least one-half can be reclaimed and brought into a state of cultivation at a cost that is commensurable with the value of the interest in land after it has been drained. As an indication of the should be drainage, especially of our eastern swamp lands, mention 89

made of the convention drainage held at New Rem in September, which was well attended by delegates from Eastern and Central North Carolina. Methods for establishing drainage districts and it to making possible drain our swamp lands were discussed and a plan finally outlined that is believed will make it possible to drain thousands of acres of these lands that are n >w bringing in little or no income to their owners. The State owns, approximately, 200,000 acres of these lands and these are being examined by the Geological in Survey order to determine their actual value and whether tin- State will derive the most revenue from them by beeping them in timber or by reclaiming them by means of drainage and then selling same for agricultural— purposes. Mapping. Considerable work has been dune by the Geological Sur- vey in traverse and topographic mapping of certain portions of the State. All work of this character is done in co-operation with the U. S. Geological Survey, who have furnished the traverse man and to pographers. It has been possible to assist certain of the counties that have desired to have their areas mapped on account of the assistance that a good traverse map is to the work of the county commissioners, and to the County Superintendent of Public Instruction. In this co operative work between the Geological Survey and the counties, the counties pay one-half the cost of the map. In carrying on the work of the North Carolina Geological Survey we have been most liberally assisted by the U. S. Geological Survey; the Division of Public Roads, and the Bureau of Forestry of the'U. S. Department of Agriculture; the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the Bureau of Fisheries of the U. S. Department of Commerce and Labor.

NORTH CAROLINA GEOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC SURVEY.

Geological Hoard.

Governor W. VY. Kitchin, ex officio .Chairman, Raleigh. Henry E. Fries, Winston-Salem. Frank R. Hewitt, Asheville. Hugh Mediae. Wilmington. i'1-ank Wood. Edenton. Joseph Hyde Pratt. State Geologist, Chapel Hill. Frauds B. Laney, Assistant State Geologist. Joseph E. Pogue, Jr., Mineralogist. W. W. Ashe. Forester. E. W. Myers, Hydraulic and Civil Engineer.

i \V. \\ . Spoon, Road Engineer. t Miss II. M. Berry. Clerk and Stenographer.

THE NORTH CAROLINA RAILROAD COMPANY.

A. H. Eller. Secretary and Treasurer*

The greatest of all enterprises so far attempted by the State of North Carolina in the nature of a public or internal improvement, the of the North Carolina Railroad from Goldsboro by was building j way of Raleigh, Greensboro and Salisbury, to Charlotte. at that time, the < 'onsidering the experimental state of railroading dread of public or private indebtedness, and the limited resources, the movement was a monumental enterprise—and one in advance of anything attempted by almost any other State in tlie Union. The success, however, which has crowned the labors and sacrifices of our fathers has established beyond all question that their wisdom was since their equal to, or superior to, any displayed before or day. In 1833, the Raleigh and Gaston Railroad Company and the Wil- mington and Raleigh, afterwards known as the Wilmington and Wel- don Railroad Company, were chartered, and later these roads were built: In 1848 the former was in the hands of the State, and was in a bankrupt condition for the want of patronage. It was necessary to give it some connection, or to extend it. At the session of November. 1848, the western counties urged a charter for a road from Charlotte to Danville, asking no State aid; but the eastern members opposed that project. The finances of the State were in such an impoverished condition that it was generally deemed impracticable for the State to give any considerable aid to any railroad; but William S. Ashe, the Democratic Senator from New Hanover, introduced a bill to con- struct a road from Goldsboro to Charlotte, under the name of the North Carolina Railroad, and appropriating two millions of dollars for that purpose, on condition, however, that private parties could

*The writer acknowledges his indebtedness to Capt. S. A. Ashe for the historical data contained in this sketch. 91 subscribe one million, and to secure tbe payment of the State bonds when issued, a lien was given on the State's stock. When the western men brought up tbe Charlotte and Danville bill in the House, Stanley and other eastern men opposed it so bitterly that it could not pass, and then in a dramatic scene, tbe friends of internal improvement agreed to send to the Senate and take the Aslie bill from the files and offer it as a substitute. After a great ami prolonged struggle the bill passed the House of Commons. In M lie Senate it failed an by adverse majority of one ; but the Senator from Cumberland was led to support it by passing the bill for tbe Senate to build tbe plank road from Fayetteville to Salem ; and then the vote in the Senate was a tie. Speaker Graves, who had up to that mo- ment maintained an impenetrable silence as t:» the measure, broke tbe tie in favor of building the road by State aid; and the measure was passed. Speaker Graves was never again elected to any office by tbe vote of his people. To secure tbe needed one million of private stock, Speaker Graves, Governor Morebead and Mr. William Boylan made great exertions, and by their efforts, aided by Joseph Caldwell, GoAT ernor W. A. Gra- ham, Paul C. Cameron, and others, the necessaiw stock was eventually raised. On January 29, 1850, the roadbed was ready for passage of trains from Goldsboro to Charlotte, and charters bad been granted for two other roads—from Goldsboro to Morehead City, and from Salisbury to tbe Tennessee line. By Act, ratified 14th of February. 1855, the Genera] Assembly increased the capital stock to $4,000,000, and subscribed for the State the whole of tbe added capital. From that time till now the State has owned three-fourths, and individuals one-fourth of this road. The first President of tbe company was Governor John M. More- head, to whom so much was due for securing the subscription of the private stock, and under his direction the road was constructed. His successors were Charles F. Fisher, of Rowan; Paid < '. Cameron, Jo- siah Turner, Jr., of Orange, and William A. Smith, of Johnston. Dur- ing the administration of Mr. Smith the road was. on the 11th day of September, 1871, leased to the Richmond and Danville Railroad Com pany for thirty years, at a rental of (i per cent, per annum. The sub sequent presidents of tbe company have been: Tl ias M. Holt, Lee S. Overman, S. B. Alexander, J. F. Kornegay. R. M. Norment, J. I- Armstrong, and H. G. Chatham. 92

On the lGth day of August, 1895, in view of the approaching termination of the lease, the property was leased to the Southern Railway Company for a term of 99 years, at an annual rental of 6 1-2 per cent. for six years and 7 per cent, for the remaining ninety-three years, and the stock of the company was selling at $186.00 per share until the panic of 1907. On the readjustment of the debt of the State, the State renewed the' bonds issued for the purchase of the North Carolina Railroad of the stock, pledging the original lien on the stock for the payment debt. Col. Peter B. Ruffin, for more than thirty years, was the faithful and efficient secretary and treasurer of the company. The secretaries of the company in the order of their election and service are as follows: Cyrus P. Mendenhall, Julius B. Ramsey, R. P. B. Puffin. M. .Mills, F. A. Stagg, J. A. McCauley, W. F. Thornburg, A. II. Eller. II. P.. Worth, Spencer B. Adams. D. H. McLean, and The State, as it is well known, has continued to own its $3,000,0<><> of the original capital stock, and has acquired two (2) additional shares, thus giving it 30,002 shares at par value, amounting to $3,000.- 200, which, however, at the recent market value aggregates $5,580,372. a And it is confidently believed that if the State desired to part with a controlling interest in the company, its stock would command much in greater price, and those who have watched the constant advance at an the price of this stock, expect it to go to $200 per share early day. Under the lease of 1871 to the Richmond and Danville Railroad Company, the company could not have claimed the betterments made by the lessee; but under the present lease the company is not only amply secured by bond for the prompt payment of its lease money and organization expenses, to-wit, $143,000 on the first day of Janu- but the termination of said lease for ary and July of each year ; upon any cause, the company acquires the betterments made thereon. In addition to the railroad and rolling stock leased to the Southern Railway Company, the company still owns valuable lands in and about Company Shops, now known as the City of Burlington. When the Board of Directors, appointed by Governor Aycock. took charge of the company's affairs, there was a floating indebtedness of and $10,000. The November balance. 190S. of the present secretary treasurer shows that said indebtedness has been paid and a special 93 dividend of Mi of 1 per cent., amounting to $20,000, and the company has to its credit in the bank the sum of $6,944.40, all of which, except a small balance, is drawing 4 per cent, interest. Promptly upon the payment of the lease money on the first day of January and July in each year, the directors declare a dividend and the secretary and treasurer pays to tbe State Treasurer immediately $105,000, and like dividend is paid to the private stockholders on the firsl day of February and August of each year. The present Board of Directors, as appointed by Governor Glenn, on the part of the Slate, are: II. <;. Chatham, President; L. Batiks Holt, T. II. Vanderford, W. II. Wil- liams, W. T. Brown. A. J. Ruffin, S. C. Pepn, J. W. Lambeth. And the directors elected by tbe private stockholders are : R. F. Hoke, B. Cam- eron, W. E. Holt and Hugh McRae. The State's proxy is Philip C. Pope, the expert is John W. Thompson, and the company's attorney is R. A. Doughton. A true sketch of this company would be incomplete without calling attention to the long and invaluable services of Gen. It. F. Hoke as director. His experience and great knowledge of affairs, and life- long devotion to tbe best interest of the company, entitle him to the gratitude of the State, as well as the private stockholders.

OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY.

Presidents—John M. Morehead, Guilford: Charles F. Fisher. Row- an; Paul C. Cameron, Orange; Josiah Turner. Jr.. Orange; William A. Smith, Johnston; Thomas M. Holt, Alamance; Lee S. Overman. Rowan; S. B. Alexander, Mecklenburg: J. F. Kornegay, Wayne; II. M. Norment, Robeson: J. L. Armstrong, New Hanover; Hugh G. Chat- ham, Surry. See ret dries —Cyrus P. Mendenhall. Julius B. Ramsey, R. M. .Mills. F. A. Stagg. J. A. McCauley, W. F. Thornburg, Peter B. Ruffin, II. B. Worth, Spencer B. Adams, Dan II. McLean, A. II. Eller.

BOARD OF DIRECTORS.

Appointed by (lor. h'. li. Ciena, on i>

THE UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA.

Francis P. Venable, President, Chapel Hill.

The University of North Carolina is located at Chapel Hill. Its charter was granted in 17S9, and it was opened for students in 1795. The campus of 4S acres and about 550 acres of forest contiguous to it were given by the citizens of Orange County. Its first buildings were also given to the State by friends of the University, the Legislature making, in 1703, a loan of $10,000, which was afterwards converted into a gift. and Its property at present consists of 25 buildings. The buildings The equipment (including the new library) are valued at $750,000. endowment and productive funds of the University amount to $225,- its char- 000. The total gifts to the University since the granting of ter, that is. in 119 years, amount to ^775.500. the The Legislature of 1005 made the first appropriation granted by Slate for a building at the University. This was the sum of $50,000 for the new chemical laboratory. The State made no appropriation for the support of the University for the first eighty years of its existence. In 1875 the interest from the Land Scrip Fund, $7,500, was In 1881 the given the University. This was withdrawn in 1S!>7. annual sum of $5,000 was appropriated for its support. The present annual appropriation is $70,000. The total income of the University for the session of 1907-OS was $150,000. The University comprises the following departments: Collegiate. Graduate, Applied Science, Law, Medicine, and Pharmacy. The fac- of 1907- ulty numbers 04 and the number of students for the session 08 was 700. Since 1000 the number of students has grown from 512 to 790. Of these students 735 were from North Carolina. There is little a effort at attracting students from outside the State, as it makes heavy demand upon the equipment of the University to care properly for North Carolinians, Yet the students drawn from the outside bring into the State on the average more than $15,000 a year. Over two-thirds of the students are sons of farmers. Over one- half earn or borrow, in part or in whole, the money for their education. Some forty of them earn their board by waiting at tabic 95

Few of the families from which these students come are able to stand the strain of the support of a son at college without stringent econo my or even many sacrifices. If a sufficient charge were made to meet all of the expenses of the University, paying interest on the plant, for its repair and renewal, and yielding no profit whatever, it would mean the payment of about $300 by each of the 790 students in addition to his living expenses, a

sum absolutely prohibitive except for the sons of the rich. As 11 is. each student averages only $66. The remainder is met by the Slate and by private philanthropy. The University of North Carolina and one other are the only State Universities where charge is made for Collegiate tuition, and in the other one the charge is much smaller than in the University of North Carolina. The University is emphatically the great hope of the poor boys of the State for higher education, and has shown itself to be the greatest factor in the upbuilding of the State. At no. time during the past thirty years, since the reopening, lias the State been able to do all that should be done to place it upon a footing of thorough efficiency or to provide properly for its needs. Its growth has not been provided for and it is badly cramped. In the first place, its income should be largely increased to provide sufficient teaching force, add to the equipment and take care of the [grounds and buildings. An increase of at least $25,000 a year is im mediately needed for this purpose. Its present income is aboul $100. 000 a year less than that of each of the two Southern institutions which are doing the same work. While some of the needs in the way of buildings have been met, the accommodation is only partial. Two of the large dormitories and parts of others have been, from sheer necessity, taken for laboratories and lecture rooms. .Only 370 students can And accommodation in the dormitories that are left. The supply of lecture rooms is altogether inadequate. New laboratories for physics, biology, geology, medicine, pharmacy, must be built and equipped. Decent accommodation must be provided for the large law classes. A new infirmary is urgently needed. The dining hall can accommodate only l!4<) students. The waterworks must be nearly doubled in capacity, only occasional temporary repairs have been possible in the buildings since 1S93 and they need renovation. Altogether a sum not less than $350,1 is 9G needed immediately if the University is to be properly fitted up to accommodate the present number of students and allow for a normal increase from year to year. Unless such provision is made the University must suffer and the State still more. The University must be placed upon an efficient footing or the numbers admitted to its benefits limited, and vigorous retrenchment practiced where already there is stringent economy. SUMMARY.

When the institution was founded 1789 The number of buildings 25 The number of acres of land owned 598 The value of buildings and equipment $750,000.00 The value of the land 70,000.00 The number of volumes in the library 50,000 The number of students 790 The number of the faculty 94 The income from the State appropriation $70,000.00 The income from all other sources 80,000.00

The names and terms of service of all the presidents : No president 1795-1S04 Caldwell 1804-1835 Joseph | David L. Swain 1835-1868 " Solomon Poole • •• 1S69-1870 University closed 1S70-1S76 Kemp P. Battle 1876-1891 George T. Winston 1891-1896 Edwin A. Alderman 1890-1900 Francis P. Tenable 1000 THE NORTH CAROLINA COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND MECHANIC ARTS.

D. H. Hill, President, West Raleigh.

"A century ago education was for the few, and was designed to equip them for the learned professions; to-day education is for the many, and is intended to fit them for life's practical work." '"Industrial education is the foundation of industrial progress." "The world is demanding men who can do, as well as think. The best equipment for a young man to-day is technical skill, knowledge, and power." "North Carolina possesses every element of wealth excepting skilled labor and technical knowledge. Give her these and she will become the gardeu-spot of the earth." A visitor to the A. and M. College at West Raleigh is much im- pressed by the spirit of work which prevails there. All the skilled work of the College is done by students or by professors. This work is part of their" education. A future electrical engineer is building a motor or a dynamo, wiring a building, or running the engine and dynamo to make lights for the College. A future architect is handling the plane, the saw and chisel; is measuring and sketching buildings, making original designs, and testing the strength of wood, brick, cement and iron. A future mechanical engineer is laying out and performing work in the machine shops, or testing boilers and engines, making designs, patterns, etc. A future civil engineer is surveying the farm, designing a bridge, or laying out the foundations of a new building. A future cotton mill superintendent is setting up looms. designing cloth patterns, making calculations as to the cost of power, planning a system of fire protection; is carding, spinning, designing, weaving, and dyeing. A future farmer is studying plants and animals with books, microscope and instruments, and, by practical experiments in the greenhouses and fields, is testing what he has learned theoretically. He milks and feeds the cattle, makes butter with improved dairy machinery, judges livestock-, studies and experiments with soils and fertilizers, designs farm buildings and lays out drains, studies and experiments with the propagation and culture of plants, the breeding and feeding of animals. In short, the future in- 98 dustrial worker is not merely studying a thing in books and hearing a professor lecture about it, but is himself actually doing the thing and testing his own skill and knowledge.

THE SPIRIT OF ECONOMY AND ORDER.

Another impressive feature of the College is the spirit of economy and order which prevails there. This is a natural result of the spirit of work. The regular daily work of the College requires its students to be punctual and systematic as well as diligent. Every man must be in his place when the clock strikes, his tools must be put in place and kept in order, even his clothing and person are subject to discipline and inspection. In short, at the A. and M. College a lad is not only being trained for business, but is already in business. Under such system economy, punctuality and regularity are a natural result. The spirit of work is so strong that a majority of the students perform not only the required work, but, in addition, outside of college hours, do extra work and earn considerable money thereby. During the present year almost .$5,000 has been earned in this way. If there is anything capable of development in a boy, it will be brought out under this system. Not only bright boys, but average boys and even dull boys, are developed under this system. Here are presented to every boy so many kinds of activity—brain-working, hand-working, wood-working, metal-working, drawing and designing, working with plants and animals, with electricity, with forge and anvil, with saw and hammer, with microscope and transit, with test-tube and retort, with boiler and engine, dynamo and motor, loom, spindle, and dye-vat —so many appeals to every possible taste, talent and faculty that, if a boy he not defective, he must he aroused to some ambition, some proficiency, some degree of manhood.

WHAT THE COLLEGE TEACHKS.

The College offers four courses of industrial work leading to graduation. • First, Agriculture, including also Horticulture, Veterinary Medi- cine, Botany, Zoology, Entomology; also some general subjects are included in the course. Second, Engineering. This includes graduation in Civil, Electrical and Mechanical Engineering. 99

Third, Textile Industry. Fourth, Industrial Chemistry. In addition to these courses, short courses are offered in Mechanic Arts, Textile Arts and Agriculture. These courses are offered to young men who are not able to stay four years.

SPECIAL COURSES IN MANUAL TRAINING.

Such special students as desire may employ their whole time in manual training. The carpenter shop, the wood-turning shop, the blacksmith shop, the machine shop, the drawing and designing rooms, the barns, dairies, fields and greenhouses afford facilities wherein young men not desiring a four-year course, or not being aide to take it, may obtain very useful training and very profitable skill. Zoung men desiring to be mechanics, machinists, electricians, engine-tenders, boiler-tenders, or dynamo-tenders may find very profitable instruction at the College. SUMMARY.

Founded 1889 Number of buildings 16 Number of acres of land 685 Value of buildings and equipment $440,968.00 Value of land * 60,000.00 Number of volumes in library 7>:.V2A Number of students -170 Number of faculty 42 State appropriation per annum $32,000.00

PRESIDENTS.

Alexander Q. Holladay 1889-1899 George Tayloe Winston 1899-1908 D. H. Hill 1008- 100

THE NORTH CAROLINA STATE NORMAL AND INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE.

J. I. Foust, President, Greensboro.

The North Carolina State Normal and Industrial College was instituted by Act of the General Assembly of 1891. The purpose for which the institution was created, as stated in section 5 of the act establishing it, is as follows : "The object of this institution shall be (1) to give young women such education as shall fit them for teaching; (2) to give instruction to young women in drawing, telegraphy, typewriting, stenography, and such other industrial arts as may be suitable to their sex and conducive to their support and usefulness. Tuition shall be free to those who signify their intention to teach upon such conditions as may be prescribed by the "Board of Directors." In 1S92 the institution began with $30,000 and ten acres of land, donated by Greensboro, and with an annual appropriation of $10,000 from the State. In addition to the State appropriation and tuition fees, the institution received, until recently, about $3,000 annually from the Peabody Fund, and had for three years $2,500 annually from the General Education Board. It has also received about $11,000 from the faculty and students, a similar amount from Mr. George Foster Peabody, and a library building from Mr. Andrew Carnegie. Its plant is now worth $f;00,000. its annual State appropriation is $70,000, and its loan funds and scholarship funds, received from various sources in the State and out of it, now amount to $15,000. The faculty numbers 60 and the annual student enrollment for the past five years has been more than 500. In its course of study the College emphasizes the useful and the practical rather than the ornamental. Its chief mission lies in furnishing the public school system with well-equipped teachers who are capable of rendering the State intelligent and useful service. It provides regular degree courses whose admission requirements, cur- riculum of instruction and standards of scholarship are in keeping with the requirements of our best Southern colleges for men and women. All students have the privilege of taking regular courses in Pedagogy with opportunities for daily observation and practice in a training school for teachers; and no student is given free tuition 101 who does not complete this work and take a pledge to teach for at least two years in the schools of North Carolina. A preparatory department conducted by the regular College faculty is maintained lor those students who do not have access to good preparatory schools. Special industrial and commercial courses are open to those who do not have free tuition and are not under contract to teach. Provision is also made for teachers who may wish to take brief courses in Pedagogy and the subjects taught in the public schools. For those who cannot remain longer, a one-year course is offered. For those who can attend only during the fall term a two-months course is provided, and like provision is also made for those who can attend only during the spring term. The advantages of the institution are thus open to every worthy white girl who has availed herself of the opportunities offered in the public schools of the State. The patronage of the institution has justified the wisdom of the founders. During the fourteen years of its life, beginning October. 1892, and closing with the session of May, 190G, the College has had an average enrollment of more than 450 students. The average number of new students enrolled each year has been 232. They have come from all the ninety-eight counties of the State, and in their political and religious faith, their financial condition, their professional and social life, their intellectual ability and previous educational opportunity, are representative of the people of North Caro- lina. Of the 3,254 young women that have sought the help and strength thus provided, more than 80 per cent, received their training in the rural public schools; oue-third defrayed their own expenses, and two-thirds, according to their own written statement, would not have attended any other North Carolina college. In brief, one of the strongest forces of the College, and a prime source of its usefulness, has been the representative character of its patronage. This coining together of all classes from all sections of the State necessarily results in creating an atmosphere of wholesome democracy ami equal opportunity. The spirit of the State College for women is, therefore, what the spirit of every State college should be, ami as a result its representatives acquire that larger sympathy, that breadth of vision and that intelligent insight into the needs of their Slate that no text-books or lectures or mere academic training can ever hope to give. 102

Some indication of the serviceableness of the College is suggested by what has been said of the scope and character of its patronage. It has, since its establishment, been an open door of opportunity for the white women of North Carolina. Through it the State has added to its resources over 3,000 educated women who have taught lessons of patriotism and right living to more than 100,000 North Carolina children. Two-thirds of all the students enrolled and nine-tenths of all who graduate become teachers in North Carolina. No large movement for the uplift of the State has failed to have support from its faculty and students, and to-day there is not a county in the State where representatives of the College are not to be found actively engaged in public service. The scope of its patronage is indicated by the following table, the statistics being for the scholastic year 1907-08.

Number of students 545 Number of counties represented 92 Average age of students 19 Number of graduates of other institutions for women 9 Number who have taught 116 Number who are defraying their own expenses 171 Number whose fathers are not living 115 Number whose fathers are farmers 172 Number whose fathers are merchants 03 Number whose fathers are clergymen 9 Number whose fathers are physicians 25 Number whose fathers are teachers S Number whose fathers are lawyers 1] Number whose fathers are lumber dealers 9 Number whose fathers are traveling salesmen 13 Number whose fathers are manufacturers 21 Number whose fathers are mechanics 8 Number whose fathers are railroad employees 5

Number whose fathers are real estate agents .". Number whose fathers are carpenters 2 Number whose fathers are insurance agents 5 Number whose fathers are contractors 9 Number whose fathers are editors 3 103

Number whose fathers are bookkeepers .1 Number whose fathers are government officials 25 Number whose fathers are bankers 4

Number whose fathers have retired from business 7 Number educated partially or entirely in public schools 520 Number who, according to their own statement, would not have attended any North Carolina college if they had not become students of the State Normal and Industrial College 330 THESE FIGURES SHOW

1. That nearly one-fourth of the students of the past year defrayed their own expenses. 2. That 330 students, or 60 per cent., would have attended no other North Carolina college. 3. That 520 students, or 95 per cent, received their preparation partially or entirely in the public schools. SUMMARY.

Founded IS'.u Number of buildings 11 Number of acres of land 100 Value of buildings and land $600,000.00 Number of volumes in library 6,000 Number of students (Training School) 385 Number of students (College) 545 Number of faculty 60 State appropriation (maintenance) $70,000.00

PRESIDENTS. Charles D. Mclver 1891-1906 Julius I. Foust (Dean) • L906 1007 Julius I. Foust 1907 104

CULLOWHEE NORMAL AND INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL.

R. L. Madison, Principal, Cullowhee, N. C.

This institution was established as the Cullowhee High School in 18S8, and was chartered in 1891. In 1893 a Normal Department was added, and the State appropriated $1,500 annually for the support of the department. In 1905 it became a State institution and the name was changed to Cullowhee Normal and Industrial School. At present the annual appropriation is $4,000. The institution is co-educational. The principal efforts of the Nor- mal Department are directed toward the preparation of teachers for the rural schools. More than 500 teachers have been prepared at the of the Normal institution for public school work ; and every graudate Department has taught in the pubilc schools of the State. These teachers have taught in practically every county in the Tenth Con-

gressional District, and in the following counties : Madison, Yancey, Mecklenburg, Rockingham, Wake. Robeson, Halifax and Columbus. Nine county superintendents have received their preparation for school work at this institution. The present organization of the school embraces the following de- Fine Arts, partments : Elementary, Intermediate, Classical, Normal, Commercial, Industrial, Military, and Practice School. SUMMARY. Founded 1888 Number of buildings 3 Number of acres of land 5 Value of buildings and land $15,000.00 Number of students 200 Number of faculty 8 Annual appropriation $4,000.00

PRINCIPAL. R. L. Madison 1SSS 105

THE APPALACHIAN TRAINING SCHOOL.

B. B. Dougherty, Superintendent, Boone, A. G.

The Appalachian Training School for Teachers was established by act of the Legislature of 1903. The school is located at Boone, Wa- tauga County, North Carolina, in the midst of North Carolina's unsur- passed mountain scenery. It is the centre of education for the north- western section of North Carolina, embracing some of the hest of her mountainous counties. It draws its patronage from twenty-five counties.

The institution makes no pretensions to being a college. It is a high school, and its mission is to give a high-school education to hundreds of young people who cannot go elsewhere. During the year 1907-1908 there were nearly four hundred such students in the school. It supplies a large proportion of the public school teachers for the surrounding counties, and has had a marked influence upon the improvement of scholarship and professional training of these teachers. In addition to this, the school has opened a way to the State University and the State Normal College, to a large number of students who otherwise would not have entered those institutions. The first appropriation made by the Legislature was $2,000 for maintenance, voted by the Legislature of 1903. The Legislature of 1907 increased this to $4,000, and made an additional appropriation of $10,000 for the enlargement of the plant. Aside from tuition fees, the institution has no other income. SUMMARY.

When the institution was founded 11)03 Number of buildings 5 Number of acres of land owned 200 Value of buildings and equipment $20,000.00 Value of the land $5,000.00

Number of students ::.".7 Number of faculty 8 Income from State appropriation per annum $4,000.00 SUPERINTENDENT.

B. B. Dougherty 1903 L06

THE STATE SCHOOL FOR THE BLIND AND THE DEAF.

John E. Ray, Principal, Raleigh. This institution was established by Act of the General Assembly L passed January 12, 1845, while Hon. W. A. Graham was Governor of North Carolina. On the first day of May following the school with seven which number increased to seventeen dur- opened pupils, j ing the session. The first appropriation amounted to $5,000 annually, i Two later it was made $10,000. W. D. Coke, of Virginia, was years | elected first Principal, and for some years the school was conducted in a building on Hillsboro street, rented for the purpose. On April 14, 1849, the corner-stone of the present main building. I first • in Caswell was laid by the Grand Lodge of Masons. At Square, j children were received, but Inter blind children were also deaf only J admitted. In 1808, a department for the education of the negro deaf and j blind children of the State was established on Bloodworth street, in the southeastern part of the city. This has grown to be the largest and best equipped school for the negro deaf and blind in the South. In 1894' the white deaf children were removed to their elegant new school at Morganton. The old school continued to grow until there were 186 pupils actually present in both departments of the school, and the annual appropriation was $40,000. This school has grown to be the third largest of its kind in America, and North Carolina has the proud distinction of doing more for its deaf and blind children, in proportion to its population, than any State in the Union. And yet this is done at a smaller pro rata expense than in any other State, save one. During these ten years the old main building has been greatly enlarged, a new slate roof has replaced the old tin one, modern plumbing takes the place of that formerly used, and the steam heating has been overhauled. The old chapel building has been remodeled and enlarged, the main floor converted into a commodious and well-lighted dining hall, and the upper story into an excellent music hall with sixteen well- equipped practice rooms and a band room. This is also furnished with a new slate roof. An entirely new building has been erected, three stories high, he- sides a basement. This building furnishes dormitories for the boys. with all modern conveniences, and the best auditorium in the city. 107

An entirely new beating plant and an industrial building have been provided, furnishing room for the broom, mattress, and cane-seating departments of the school. Similar improvements have been made at the colored department.

During the past few years the kitchen has been covered with slate, the laundry enlarged nearly 50 per cent, and covered with slate; the basement rooms of the main building and the boiler house have been furnished with cement floors; sick wards have been provided in the fourth story of the girls' building with all modern conveniences, to be used in case of or infectious contagious diseases ; plumbing has been put into the rooms used for ordinary sickness, and neat covered ways connecting all the principal buildings have been erected so as to protect the students while passing from one building to another during inclement weather, and the outside woodwork of the main building and the auditorium has received two coats of excellenl paint during the summer just passed. For these last-named improvements the recent General Assembly voted a special appropriation of $15,000. The increased attendance has made it necessary to increase the appropriation for maintenance, and the Legislature has made additions from time to time until the annual income is now $00,000. The school is in better condition than it has been in its history. Its work speaks for itself. The literary work of the school may be well understood when it is known that the course of study pursued is modeled after the reporl made by the "Committee of Ten" appointed by the general government several years ago, and covers a thorough course in kindergarten, primary, grammar, and high-school work, as good as that done in the very best schools in* the State. One naturally wants to know what comes of all this. In general terms 85 per cent, of the graduates of the school are self-supporting, and a good many of them have accumulated a good competency. Time and space will not permit a detailed statement. Let a lew suffice. The musical .directors of Salembttrg Academy and of Anniston, Ala bama, Seminary, are graduates of our school, and both totally blind. A member of the Board of County Commissioners of Pamlico County, a member of the Board of Education, and one of the most influential citizens, is a graduate of our school, and totally blind. A substantial merchant and mill man of Class is another: a very successful farmer of Alexander County is another; until recently one of the leading 10S teachers in Caldwell County was another. There are many more of the graduates who are filling honorable positions as public-school teachers, music teachers, piano tuners, bandmasters, merchants, etc., etc.—men and women who are a credit to the State aud an honor to the school. The handicraft exhibits made at the Shite Fair for the past few years have not only received universal praise, but have been awarded; the first premium over all schools exhibiting, and a gold medal for each of these years is in the hands of the Principal. A still greater honor was recently bestowed upon the school. The Jamestown Exposition authorities selected the North Carolina School for the Blind, out of all the schools for the blind in America, to make a live exhibit at the Exposition. Both departments of this school made exhibits, for which a gold medal was awarded each department, and these medals are now in the possession of the management of the school. Exhibits have been made at the State Fair for a number of years, and for the last six years the school has secured a gold medal each year in competition with all the other schools of the State. The band of the school also makes music at the Fair each year. Some of our students have passed the examinations required by the best colleges in our State, and have taken their degrees from them. Only recently one young man, totally blind, took his A.B. degree at our State University with honor, after which he went to Harvard, from which he graduated last session with high distinction. The Boston papers have several times written him up as a "wonderful blind man." SUMMARY.

Founded 3 S45 Number of buildings 7 Number of acres of land 42 Value of buildings and equipment $200,000.00 Value of land $20,000.00 Number of volumes in library (ink print) 1.000

Number of volumes in library (Tactile print) . . . 5,000 Number of students 180 Number of faculty 23 State appropriation (including both Depts.) $00,000.00 Income from other sources None 109

NAMES AND TERMS OF SERVICE OF ALL PRINCIPALS.

W. D. Cooke 1845-1860 Willey J. Palmer 1860-1869 John Nichols L869-1873 S. F. Tomlinson 1871 -1st:; John Nichols 1873-1877 Hezekiah A. Guclger 1877-1S83 William J. Young 1883-1896 Frederick R. Place June, 1896-September, 1896 John E. Ray 1896 COLORED DEPARTMENT. Founded 1869 Number of buildings 3 Value of buildings and equipment $75,000.00 Number of volumes in library (ink print) 500 Number of volumes in library (Tactile print) .... 1,000 Number of students 175 Number of faculty 7

THE NORTH CAROLINA SCHOOL FOR THE DEAF AND DUMB.

E. McK. Goodwin, Superintendent, Morganton.

The North Carolina School for the Deaf and Dumb, located at Morganton, opened for reception of pupils October, 1894, with 102 in attendance. Since that time the number has increased to 246, with a corps of 22 teachers and six instructors of industries, a chief instructor, lady principal and principal. The law prescribes the public school course of the State. The American Convention of Instructors of the Deaf held Hie seventeenth session at this school, and thirty-live States and two Cana- dian Provinces were represented at the time. This school needs another building to enable it to accommodate all who apply. There are about 400 while \\c;\\' children of school

age in North Carolina, which shows that there are still out of scl I more than 37 per cent. The buildings will accommodate 260 pupils by crowding. 110

About 70 per cent, are taught by the oral method. Boys and girls are prepared for college, if they are capable of taking such training. The regular course covers the regular public school course of the State. In addition to this, four industries are taught to the boys— carpentry and woodwork, shoeinaking, typesetting and printing, and farming and gardening. Pupils are able to make a living after leaving school. The chief need of the institution is a larger maintenance fund. SUMMARY. Founded 1894 Number of buildings 3 Number, of acres of land 425 Value of buildings and equipment $300,000.00 Value of land $10,000.00 Number of volumes in library 3,000 Number of students 340 Number of faculty 22 State appropriation $46,000.00 Income from other sources $4,000.00

THE EASTERN TRAINING SCHOOL FOR TEACHERS.

J. Y. Joyner, Chairman Board of Trustees.

The Eastern Training School for Teachers was established by act of the Legislature of 1907. The school is located at Greenville. The site contains about forty acres of land, a large part of which is natural forest.

Four buildings are now in course of erection : a dormitory for girls, a dormitory for boys, an administration building containing recita- tion rooms and auditorium, and a refectory containing dining room, kitchen, servants' quarters, etc. The buildings and equipment will cost about $125,000. The town of Greenville and the county of Pitt voted $100,000 in bonds for the institution, and the State appropriated $15,000 for buildings. The work is progressing most satisfactorily. Three of the buildings are under roof and the fourth will be soon. The first session will open during the fall of 1909. Ill

SUMMARY.

Founded ; m 1 17 Number of buildings 4 Number of acres of laud |o Value of buildings and grounds $125,000.00

THE STATE AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL COLLEGE FOR THE COLORED RACK.

James B. Dudley, President, Greensboro.

The Agricultural and Mechanical College for the Colored Race was established by an Act of the General Assembly of North Carolina, ratified March 9, 1891. The leading object of the institution is declared by the act to be instruction in practical agriculture, the mechanic arts and such branches of learning as relate thereto. The institution is located in the eastern part of the city of Greens boro, about one mile from the railway station, upon an elevated trad of about twenty-five acres of land. About a mile from the College the institution has a farm of 103^2 acres, most of which is under cultivation. The College has four modern brick buildings, two barns, a small dairy building, two small greenhouses, a piggery, and a few smaller buildings. The College has been well supplied with facilities for instruction in mechanic arts. There is a three-story building for this I provided purpose, which is equipped with the best and most modern machinery for instruction in blacksmithing, machine-shop work, tinsmilliing, wood turning, bricklaying, heating, plumbing, gas fitting and general repair work. For instruction in agriculture, the College lias no building and practically no facilities, yet the College has made greater advancement and has achieved greater success along tins than any oilier line. The best evidence of the value of the instruction in agriculture as given at the A. and M. College is found in the success of its graduates. The Jonnson brothers, two graduates, are running a very successful farm near Greensboro and doing a thriving dairy business in the city. One graduate in Cumberland County is clearing over $1,000 a year on 112

bis farm : a graduate of last year's class, who is operating bis own j farm in Franklin bas worth of County, recently purchased ,$300 dairy | equipment in order to manufacture his farm products into milk and i butter, thereby returning to his farm the part of tbe fertilizer greater J elements taken out by bis crops. Another graduate of last year's in class is operating his own farm of 100 acres Chatham County ; another graduate in Halifax County is farming during the summer and teaching during the winter months in the county schools. His was one of the few colored schools in the State to establish a rural library. A number of the graduates are employed in dairy industries. Two are in a in is employed dairy Newport News, Va. ; one superintendent

of a 1,200-acre farm at the Brick School, Edgecombe County ; another is is superintendent of a farm in Guilford County ; a recent graduate manager of a farm and dairy at Cambria, Va., and another is assistant superintendent of the farm at Tuskegee Institute. Tuskegee, Ala. an- One graduate has charge of the roads and grounds at Tuskegee ; still is other bas charge of the orchards ; and another graduate superintendent of tbe live stock at that famous institution. Several graduates are teaching in agricultural schools. One is in charge of the Agricultural Department at the Colored A. and M. Col- lege in West Virginia. There are a number of former students who arc operating farms with success. The number of students in the Agricultural Department has increased fivefold in the past five years, which goes to show that the thoughtful colored boy is recognizing tbe fact that farming offers better inducements than any other line of industry, and he is, therefore, seeking training to that end.

In the present senior class there are exactly twice as many agri- 1 cultural as mechanical students. All of these students come directly from the farm for the purpose of getting instruction in the modern methods of farming in order to produce maximum crops at a mini- mum expense. It is a business proposition to them, pure and simple. They are seeking an education in order to increase their productive capacity. Every time the A. and M. College increases the productive capacity of a student, it increases the productive capacity of the State, and thereby increases the wealth of the State to that extent. Therefore, every dollar expended by the State in increasing the productive capacity of its citizens is a business proposition in tbe purest sense. 113

In order that the A. and M. College may meet the demands made upon it for instruction in agriculture, it is necessary that a building and equipment be provided for this purpose similar to that already provided by the State for instruction in the mechanic arts. .Money invested by the State for this purpose will, in course of time, revert to the State in the form of taxes from increased agricultural development. SUMMARY.

When the institution was founded 1891 The number of buildings 7 The number of acres of land owned 128 The value of buildings and equipment $102,572.00 The value of the land $27,000.00 The number of volumes in the library 1,494

The number of students L9 ! The number of the faculty 14 The income from State appropriation $10,000.00 The income from Federal appropriation $9,900.00

PRESIDENTS. John Crosby 1S92-1S96 James B. Dudley 1896

STATE NORMAL SCHOOLS FOR THE COLORED RACE.

J. A. Bivins, Superintendent.

The State maintains three Normal Schools for the training of negro teachers, and one school for the training of teachers of the Croatan Indians. The Normal Schools for the negroes are located at Fayette ville, Elizabeth City, and Winston-Salem; the school for the Croatana is at Pates. The first superintendent of these schools was Charles L. Coon, elected in 1904. In January, 1907, he was succeeded by John Duckett, who died November 1G, 1908. 114

Most of the negro teachers in the sections where these schools are located have received their training in these schools. Industrial training, especially in domestic science, is required in all of them. These features are not as successful as they should he, owing to lack of funds. No State funds are used in these departments, the Slater Fund heing used exclusively for these purposes. New school buildings have been erected during the last year at Fayetteville and at Elizabeth City, and nearly all of the debt has been paid on property purchased at Winston. Dormitories are greatly needed at Fayettville and Elizabeth City. Additional dormitory room will soon be needed at Winston The State owns no property at the Croatan School, the land and building being owned by the Croatan trustees-. The Croatans have paid $500 for ten acres of land near Pembroke, where they wish the school hereafter to be located.

FAYETTEVILLE COLORED NORMAL SCHOOL.

E. E. Smith, Principal. Founded 1S77 Number of buildings 2 Number of acres of land 39 Value of buildings $10,000.00 Value of land $2,500.00 Number of students— (primary) 32 Number of students— (normal) 105 Number of faculty 6. State appropriation— (maintenance) $3,581.00 State appropriation— (buildings) $3,333.00 Income from sale of Woodward land $2,500.00

\ 115

ELIZABETH CITY COLORED NORMAL SCHOOL.

I*. W. Moore, Prmcipal. Founded L892 Number of buildings 2 Number of acres of land is Value of buildings $14,500.00 Value of land $3,000.00 Number of students— (primary) b; Number of students— (normal) 274 Number of faculty 8 State appropriation— (maintenance) .$3,519.00 State appropriation— (buildings) $3,334.00 Income from Slater Fund $700.00 Income from tuition $214.00 Income from city $237.00

SLATER INDUSTRIAL AND STATE NORMAL SCHOOL AT WINSTON-SALEM.

C. G. O'Kelly. Principal.

Founded IS'- 1 "' Number of buildings Number of acres of land 16 Value of buildings $18,000.00 Value of land $1,000.00 Number of volumes in library 1,000 Number of students— (primary) 1S - Number of students— (normal) 164 Number of faculty 7 State appropriation— (maintenance) $4,180.00 State appropriation— (buildings) $3,333.00 State appropriation— (repairs) $500.00 Income from Slater Fund $1,300.00

Income from tuition $1< »2.< H > Income from Forsyth County $577.00 116

STATE NORMAL SCHOOL FOR CROATAN INDIANS AT PATES.

Founded , 18S7 Number of buildings 1 Number of acres of land 10 Value of buildings $1,500.00 Value of land $500.00 •

Number of students— (primary) ."!."> Number of students— (normal) 40 Number of faculty 2 State appropriation— (maintenance) $1,250.00 State appropriation— (special) $250.00 SUPERINTENDENTS.

Charles L. Coon 1904-1907 Jobn Duckett 1907-1008

J. A. Bivins 1908

GENERAL SUMMARY FOR STATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS.

University A. and M.

State Normal

Cullowhee Normal

Appalachain Training School

Blind and Deaf and Dumb1 -- Deaf and Dumb-

Colored A. and M.

Colored Normals3

Eastern Training School

Total 117

THE STATE HOSPITAL AT RALEIGH.

James McKee, M. D., Superintendent.

The State Hospital at Raleigh is situated one mile directly south- west of the city of Raleigh, just over the city's boundary line. The house was erected on the apex of the watershed between Walnut Creek on the south and Rocky Branch on the north and is drained in the best natural sanitary manner possible. Every one knows that this institution was built for the unfortunate of North Carolina by the unceasing and persistent efforts of .Miss Dorothy Dix, who appeared before the Legislature, and by the ef fective help and eloquent plea of the Hon. James C. Dobbin, of I'ay- etteville, the passage of the bill was secured by a vote of a hundred and one ayes and ten nays. The act provided for the appointment of six commissioners -linn orables John M. Morehead, of Guilford; Calvin Graves, of Caswell; T. N. Cameron, of Cumberland; G. W. Mordecai, of Wake; C. L. llin- ton, of Wake, and G. O. Watson, of Johnston—to select and purchase a tract of land upon which to erect a building for the purpose of providing for the insane. These commissioners did their work with out compensation, and that they did it well is manifested by the ele gant and substantial structure upon this site. The building was completed in 1856, and the first patient admitted on February 22, and the number treated from that date until this is 4.795. Out of that number 2,151 have boon restored. The cost of the original building was $184,938.58. This was intended to accom modate 224 patients from all parts of the State. The house did not meet the requirements, and a review of all the reports made from that time to date indicates an overcrowded condition of the house. and in 18G8-69 the insane had increased so largely that the Legislature had the counties to take care of the harmless and incurable, but Doth ing was done towards increasing the accommodations for the outside insane. Later on two annexes were added to the wings of Hie main building, one on the male department and one on the female depart ment, at a cost of $13,000 each. These two annexes provided lor in.". patients. By placing the nurses in the basement of the administrn tion building, and placing two patients in a room, we are enabled to take care of 419. lis

The Legislature of 1905 provided $40,000 for the purpose of erect- ing a building for one hundred additional female patients. The cost of this new building is $43,365 ; $3,365 being absolutely necessary for the better completion of the building and the providing accommodations for twelve more patients. The house is completed. The Gov- ernor's Council provided means for the equipment of the same. This will largely mitigate the condition of the insane in the Eastern Dis- trict, but will not furnish room for all the outside insane. The daily average of patients in the biennium just closed for the years 1907-OS has been 568. The cost of maintaining these patients per capita has run from $135 to $300 per annum. The present per capita cost of maintaining patients is $185.24, including money obtained from other sources than the State appropriation; excluding that, $167.25. The Hospital owns 175 acres of land, but it has been compelled to lease 171 acres from lauds adjacent to the Hospital to furnish work for the patients confined in tin- Hospital. If the Hospital owned the land the per capita cost would lie very materially reduced; yet the explanation of the high per capita is the increased cost of labor and the high value of the necessaries of life. The Legislature of 1905 appropriated $8,000 to erect a boiler house and purchase boilers. Four 150-H. P. boilers are now in position and adequate for the present conditions and increased accommodations. The boiler house is one of the best in the State. During the biennium just closed, and since the passage of the Bickett bill establishing the Hospital Commission, they have furnished means to erect a storeroom and a carpenter shop, with blacksmith shop attached. In the storeroom we have a cold storage and a first-class refrigerating plant with a capacity of fifteen hundred pounds of ice per day. They also appropriated money to build an annex to the male department of this Hospital, and under the super- vising care of Mr. Thompson, the Architect, one of the best constructed hospital buildings in the State has been erected. It is well ventilated, well heated, and has a capacity for one hundred more male patients. I learn the cost of it is about $04,000. It is being equipped and will be ready for occupancy in a very short time. The health of the inmates of the institution' is remarkably good. 119

STATE HOSPITAL AT MORGANTON.

John McCampbell, M. D., Superintendent.

The appropriation for the past two years was $1 15,000 per year. This amount was insufficient for the maintenance of the institution and we have a deficit of about $10,000 for each year of the biennium in all, about $20,000. This deficit was due to two principal causes: (1) The very decided increase in the cost (if supplies of all kinds and especially the increase in the cost of labor and help in practically every department; (2) by taxing our capacity to the utmost, we have kept the population above the normal, thus caring for more patients than usual. With the addition now being made and nearing completion, we will have a total capacity of 1,150 beds, and to properly care for this number of patients will require not less than $155 per capita for each year, or an annual appropriation of $178,000. There are, perhaps, upward of 200 insane men in this hospital district unprovided for, and this number is constantly increasing, cer tainly in proportion to the increase in population, and it is very likely that there is a disproportion, inasmuch as it is generally conceded that insanity is on the increase. It is confidently expected that the Hospital Commission will make some provision for the care of these men by the erection of colony buildings at this place, and this increase in population will require an additional appropriation for support, depending in amount upon the number of patients provided for. The uncertainly as to number makes it impossible to estimate now the sum needed tor their care. SUMMARY. Institution founded 1875 Number of buildings t; Number of acres of land 900 Value of buildings and equipment Value of land Number of inmates l,05G Number of attendants 85 Annual appropriation $145,000.00 NAMES AND TERMS OF OFFICE OF SUPERINTENDENTS. Dr. P. L. Murphy 1882-1907 Dr. John McCampbell 1907 120

STATE HOSPITAL FOR THE INSANE (COLORED).

W. W. Faison; M. D., Superintendent, Goldsboro.

This institution was opened for reception of patients August 1, 1SS0. The number of patients received since its beginning is 3,138 ; of number discharged, 2,454 ; number of patients remaining on roll, 684. will in We need for maintenance 1909, $83,750 ; for maintenance in 1910, $90,000. A contract has been recently let for the erection of four buildings—two for tubercular patients and two for epileptics—which will accommodate twenty each. SUMMARY. Founded 1880 Number of buildings 12 Number of acres of land 690 Value of buildings and equipment $250,000.00 Value of land $27,000.00 Number of inmates 084 Number of attendants 50 State appropriation per annum $05,000.00

Income from other sources $5,000.01 > SUPERINTENDENTS.

W. II. Moore 1880-1882 J. D. Roberts 1882-1888 J. F. Miller 1888-1906 W. W. Faison 1906 121

OXFORD ORPHAN ASYLUM.

W. J. Hicks, Superintendent, Oxford. In the year 1S72 the Oxford Orphan Asylum was established by the Grand Lodge of Ancient, Free and Accepted Order of Masons of North Carolina. It was the first institution of its character established in the State and one of the first in the South. John H. Mills was its first superintendent. He was the pioneer orphanage worker of North Carolina. The purpose of the institution is to provide a temporary home and training school for the homeless boys and girls of the State. The conditions of admission of the white children of North Caro lina are: That they are really destitute and homeless; that they arc of sound mind and body; that they are not under six years of age (seldom over thirteen). The benefits of the Oxford Orphan Asylum have never been restricted to the children of Masons alone. The large majority of its beneficiaries did not have fathers who were Masons. About two thousand five hundred children have received the care and training of the institution since 1872. The institution is providing the necessities of life for these children, the opportunity to acquire an English education, industrial training in cottages, kitchen, sewing room, laundry, shoeshop, printing office, woodworking shop, dairy, in Oxford Furniture Factory, and on farm. Each child is in school at least the half of each school day during the school term of nine months. Moral and religious instruc tion is prominent in the work. In recognition of the services of the Oxford Orphan Asylum, its value to our Commonwealth in its work, the State of North Carolina appropriates $10,000 annually to aid in its maintenance ami extension. Annually a report of the operations of the institution is made to the Governor of the State and to the State Board of Public Charities. At the request of the Grand Lodge of Masons, the State of North Carolina is represented by three members on the Board of Directors of the Orphanage. These are appointed by the Governor of the State. 122

SUM MARY. Founded 1872 Number of buildings 16 Number of acres of land 243 Value of land, buildings and equipment $125,000.00 Number of volumes in library 1,000 Number of children in institution 323 Number of faculty *25 Annual income (State appropriation) $10,000.00 Annual income (other sources) $17,500.00

THE FOLLOWING HAVE BEEN SUPERINTENDENTS.

J. II. Mills Served 11 years. B. F. Dixon Served 7 years. 'Junius T. Ilarrist Served 3 months. W. S. Black Served 3 years. N. M. Lawrence Served 4 years. W. T. Hicks Served 10 years.

*Includes teachers and the heads of the several departments, kitchen and dining- rooms, laundry, sewing room, shoeshop, woodworking shop, printing office, farm, dairy, and matron of hospital. fDied in office. Succeeded for few months by Dr. B. F. Dixon, who served until Dr. Black's election and installation.

NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Joseph E. Pogue, Secretary, Raleigh.

The State Agricultural Society was organized at Raleigh about fifty-five years ago, and has held its annual meetings every year, with the exception of two or three years during the War Between the States. The present grounds west of the city were purchased thirty-four years ago. Since then the Fair has steadily grown in importance, especially within the last ten years. The Society owns large and commodious buildings, most of which were built :it the time this new site was acquired. A new grandstand, however, was erected three years ago, with a seating capacity of about 2.000, a very substantial structure, covered with metal and now in fine condition. 123

The Midway has been three times widened within the last ten yens to accommodate the ever-increasing attendance. The old Floral Hall within the past two years has been overhauled, remodeled and recov- ered with tin. The old General Exhibition Building adjacent there- has been to maintained by constant repairs and considerable cost, and, while now getting very ancient, has been made secure and an- the swers purpose as to size and capacity fairly well. This building, constituting the principal exhibition building, should be replaced, and it is the hope of the Society to dismantle it and rebuild a modem building of something like 300x400 feet, preferably of structural steel material, if the Society shall be able to do this. A new machine shed, covered with metal, 4Sx200 feet, was erected this year, which proved a great boon to exhibitors at the last Fair. This shed needs enlarging to about double its present capacity. About 100 new box stalls for the accommodation of exhibition and race horses were provided during the present year. Other improvements of important character are under contemplation by the management, and it is hoped that much will be accomplished during 1909. The fortunes of the Society have been variable, and it accomplished no very great results until within the last ten years. Since then the Fair has rapidly increased its exhibits in every department and the patronage and attendance has shown wonderful progress. The bonded debt of $26,500 was reduced to $23,000 in 1905 and this (debt refunded at 5 per cent, interest in lieu of 6 per cent., the former rate, for twenty years. These bonds are held by various citizens of the State, secured by first mortgage on the buildings and grounds of the Society, and are now supposed to be worth about par, though but a few years ago there was no market for them and they were sold in some instances at nominal figures. There are no stockholders at all, and the entire debt upon the property of the Society is due to bondholders only. I am advised that when this bonded debt shall have been paid off that the property will belong to the Stale of North Carolina, to be held by the State in perpetuity for the purpose of holding a State Fair at the Capital. The management, by practicing strict economy and by dired and hard work, has succeeded in putting its finances upon a stable hasis. and after paying all classes of indebtedness, except the bonds, including all permanent improvements mentioned as having been made this 124 year, and interest on the bonded debt, there will be about $10,000 net surplus at the beginning of 1909, with which the management proposes to continue their policy of permanent improvements. The dismantling and rebuilding of the Main Exhibition Building would require many times the amount of the surplus mentioned, though we hope to be able to start this building in a permanent way, and erect it section by section, as money can be made from year to year. It is safe to assert that a great work is being done by the State Fair. It has been the agency in recent years of arousing a great deal of friendly rivalry among our farmers, manufacturers and stock raisers throughout this State, and especially throughout the central and eastern parts of the State. A great work awaits the proper, management of the North Caro- lina Agricultural Society in the future. By proper management the time has come when it should be aggressive in the matter of better accommodations for exhibitors and the public generally, though the accommodations have already been greatly improved, as much as was possible in view of the fact that the Society was very much in debt until recent years. It is now safe to predict that, with that the proper management, it is only a matter of a few years more the Society will be able to meet the demands by providing necessary buildings and still further improving and enlarging the grounds. Each successive Fair within the last eight or ten years has been an improvement upon its predecessor, both as to exhibits and crowds, until now we feel that it will not be immodest to lay claim to the fact that the State Fair at Raleigh is one of the largest and most liberally patronized fairs in the Southern States. In former years there were many objectionable features in the way of shows and games at all the fairs throughout the country. It is a source of infinite pleasure to the management and the public generally to know that a great revolution has taken place throughout the country in these respects. The management of the State Fan- have had their determined efforts at last effectually rewarded with a clean Midway. The rule now is to permit no objectionable exhibi- tions whatever, allowing nothing to operate on the grounds unsuita- ble for ladies, gentlemen and children, and no gambling whatever is tolerated. Skill games, however, are allowed, where there is no element of gambling. The result is that there have been no complaints 125 worthy of mention in recent years. It is the determined purpose of the management to enforce rigidly these regulations, to the end that nothing shall be allowed upon the grounds of the Slate Agricultural Society in the way of attractions, games, etc., calculated to offend the good taste or discriminating judgment of the public. The State Fair just closed was notable in many ways, having, per haps, excelled any other State Fair ever held, especially in live stuck. agricultural products and machinery. The Society practically doubled the premiums in these departments last year, and this increase has borne valuable fruits. It is hoped that future increase of the premiums will be permitted by the improved state of the finances from year to year. A great many smaller agricultural fairs are springing up throughout the State, which should be hailed with much pleasure by all friends of the industrial, agricultural and stock-raising industries of the State. 126

VOTE FOR PRESIDKNT.

1900. 1904. 1908.

bo C Counties. v c > c SS ns >> s-. o >> u a! o u pa P-, « w pa

Alamance 1,923 2, 256 38 1,907 1,770 2,113 2,184 Alexander 774 938 26 770 937 793 1,074 Alleghany 709 662 699 543 633 575 Anson 1,856 673 5 1,226 207 11 1,490 301 Ashe 1,513 1,937 2 1,254 1,651 12 639 1,674 Beaufort 2,316 1.799 1.803 867 828 1,304 Bertie 2,420 1,067 1,264 252 4 258 360 Bladen 1,102 1,192 20 927 558 25 1,132 660 Brunswick 525 643 26 564 487 607 841 Buncombe 3,724 4,140 35 3,181 2,591 3.506 3,572 Burke 1,389 1,110 15 1,080 1,001 1,310 1,358 Cabarrus 1.485 1,112 41 1,509 1,254 42 1,610 1,821 Caldwell 1,111 1,317 35 1,169 1,419 -11 1,413 1,745 Camden 498 535 389 99 398 164 Carteret 1,046 767 4 1,012 656 1,152 1,060 Caswell 1,342 1,277 2 874 201 820 373 Catawba 1.612 1,522 158 1,497 1,309 276 1,864 2,010 Chatham 1,489 2..240 26 1,551 1,477 10 1,521 1.497 Cherokee 774 1,157 6 663 980 782 1,310 Chowan 898 932 573 148 621 213 Clay 404 394 336 325 343 321 Cleveland 2,228 1.311 40 2.162 1,036 2,282 1,459 Columbus 1,623 1,237 1,447 876 1,845 1,381 Craven 2,028 1,502 1,555 268 ,399 449 Cumberland — 1,964 2, 138 11 1,594 1,129 .832 1,453 Currituck 927 435 543 33 701 68 Dare 404 331 415 350 416 370 Davidson 1,823 2,329 45 2,017 2,054 28 2,126 2,340 Davie 831 l',251 43 739 1,072 26 780 1,185 Duplin 1,879 1.081 20 1,386 815 46 1,508 1,225 Durham 2,373 2,026 19 1,603 1,080 10 1,859 1,820 Edgecombe — 3,009 1,635 1 1,588 126 49 1,753 438 Forsyth 2,482 2.588 27 2,301 2,209 12 2,472 2,876 Franklin 2.781 1,602 70 2,099 282 1,984 561 Gaston 1,931 1,626 58 1.958 896 25 2,398 1,970 Gates 1,125 564 677 273 653 337 Graham- 358 387 362 401 418 465 Granville 2,288 1,587 16 1,595 518 6 1,561 734 Greene 1,385 820 7 949 283 876 538 Guilford 3.335 3.296 45 2,763 1,716 21 3,822 2,863 Halifax 3.930 2,174 2,427 181 2, 165 380 Harnett 1,342 1.199 1 1,169 723 31 1,501 1,047 Haywood 1,735 1,257 19 1,631 1,125 1,952 1,304 Henderson 973 1,482 887 1,341 917 1,602 Hertford 1.337 732 778 186 839 353 Hyde 867 798 2 614 318 662 223 Iredell 2,523 2,044 17 2.126 1 510 45 2, 465 1,803 Jackson 1,080 1,047 20 1,015 947 10 1,022 1,086 Johnston 3,154 1,997 17 2,572 553 2,593 2,827 Jones 714 602 638 250 585 315 Lee 832 562 127

Vote for President—Continual.

1900. 1904. I'.iii-.

>> U c c Counties. 4) c > a C eg Vi a >> o >, 58 u o Li a O m s « CO CO

Lenoir 1,942 1,224 1,386 674 1 1,393 <>;r, Lincoln 892 1,133 22 1,009 761 11 1,222 1.217 Macon 977 1,035 4 904 987 4 927 1,045 Madison 1,268 2,377 994 1,959 862 2,027 Martin 1,819 1.088 1,419 216 1,338 421 McDowell 1,014 1,024 17 836 931 25 950 1,000 Mecklenburg 3,786 2,234 78 3,142 748 43 926 1,645 Mitchell 491 1,958 408 1,384 550 I.m 8 - Montgomery 1,100 920 1 937 858 1 008 1,087 Moore 1,606 2,029 12 1.424 1,178 23 1, 109 1,077 12 Nash 2,600 1,337 1.428 645 6 1,678 1,334 New Hanover 2,247 60 1,254 91 1,857 511 N jrthampton 1,992 1,587 1,509 116 1,726 186 Onslow 1,3^2 618 828 451 56 870 710 Orange 1,275 1,280 10 900 558 25 1,017 1,073 Pamlico 597 729 574 438 628 501 26 Pasquotank -- 1,196 1,282 947 275 929 405 Pen^or 1,137 543 903 168 930 373 Perquimans — 830 846 610 378 568 5(12 Person 1,466 1,274 7 942 473 750 969 Pitt 3,264 2,156 36 2,329 429 17 2,419 890 Polk 484 652 7 497 559 511 621 Randolph 2,264 2,487 28 2,334 1,808 21 2,472472 2, 676 Richmond 1,264 504 5 927 306 1.029 462 Robeson 3,280 1.144 2,274 982 6 2,698 1,300 Rockingham -- 2, 652 2,252 3 1,934 1,276 19 1,887 2,008 14 Row an 2,460 1.555 275 2.424 1,215 20 2,392 2,009 35 Rutherford 2,081 1,981 1 1,860 1,322 1,978 1,766 Sampson 1,257 2,002 155 1,079 1,777 1,335 2, 465 Scotland 925 44 2 646 65 714 85 Stanly 1,265 792 1,024 1,080 1,491 1,6 Stokes 1,443 1,798 1,104 1,478 1,061 1,711 Surry 1,898 2,451 1,741 2, 475 1,709 2,870 Swain 590 782 499 828 602 931 Transylvania 529 622 556 526 570 611 Tyrrell 466 383 343 367 312 • Union 1,790 864 22 1,181 379 20 2,029 Vance 1,233 881 50 1,019 443 6 1,121 641 Wake 4.774 3,947 15 3,410 1,267 23 3,713 2.960 Warren 1,573 1,337 1,060 165 17 1,066 296 Washington- 834 784 450 428 495 Watauga 923 1,439 2 773 1,143 31 1,313 A Wavne 3, 101 1,965 37 2,060 1.162 34 2.207 1,504 Wilkes 1.704 2,840 2 1.318 2,470 1.559 Wilson 2,816 1,194 2 1,363 623 1,732 1,01 l Yadkin 950 1,733 7 691 1,433 597 l.hll 978 950 II Yancey 954 1,082 1,013 864

Total - 157.733 132,997 1,727 124,121 82,442 1.180 136,928 114,88 128

VOTE FOR STATE OFFICERS.

Superintendent Public Governor. 1900. Instruction, 1902.

bo Counties. c B >> c o O o <: < >-5 1-5

ffl W

Alamance — 2.488 2,321 18 1,895 1,487 Alexander — 892 1,027 881 908 Alleghany __- 784 607 701 536 Anson 2,015 522 1,293 59 Ashe 1,659 1,969 1,449 1,530 Beaufort 2,933 1,525 1,719 172 Bertie 2,675 996 1,443 82 Bladen 1,589 1,375 1,057 505 Brunswick -- 915 948 637 323 Buncombe --- 4,332 3,401 3,246 2,483 Burke 1,509 1,171 ^.239 733 Cabarrus 1,915 550 2 1,417 1,186 Caldwell 1,248 1,272 13 1,143 1,019 Camden 545 567 486 95 Carteret 1,363 957 4 903 613 Caswell 1,421 1,313 2 1,099 175 Catawba 2,008 1,863 14 1.658 1,391 Chatham 1,755 1,894 2 1,537 1,351 Cherokee 778 1,080 631 855 Chowan 1,055 948 762 60 Clay 388 418 352 307 Cleveland — 2,652 1,172 2,379 745 Columbus — 2, 178 1,201 1,571 600

Craven 2.611 932 1 , 420 92 Cumberland 2,719 1,629 1,741 873 Currituck --- 1,002 374 829 6 Dare 524 406 466 366 Davidson 2,406 2,275 19 1,961 1 866 Davie 956 1,367 24 872 998 Duplin 2,125 1,297 2 1,588 711 Durham 2,765 2,170 10 1,821 Edgecombe - 3,758 385 8 1,720 32 Forsyth 2, 913 2.432 7 2.304 1,952 Franklin 3,021 1,831 1 2.253 384 Gaston 2,514 1,584 18 2, 057 589 Gates 1,232 603 763 171 Graham 396 343 386 363 Granville — 2,540 1,527 1,754 491 Greene 1.474 774 1,091 196 Guilford 4,071 3,343 24 3,094 1,265 Halifax 6.618 877 2,288 59 Harnett 1,515 1,339 1,294 639 Haywood — 1,736 1,244 1,628 1,153 Henderson — 1,121 1,468 948 1,166 Hertford — 1,368 429 1,004 85 Hyde 971 905 723 192 Iredell 2,779 2,319 2,295 1,121 Jackson 1,118 1,025 968 886 Johnston — 3,777 1,750 2,861 924 Jones ;ii'f, 694 664 143 Lee 120

Vote for State Officers—Continual.

Corporation Com- Prohibition, Governor, 1904. Governor, 1908. missioner, 1906. May, 1908.

0) i T3 c c - u. be c 5 - . "> BIS B w c* bo u G bfl bo ^ be 3 i><" OS 0) C S i x c C3 o ^to- o 5 Q rn'"BW* 5 £tS„.s a G "3 §-« a! a W eg 05 m 05 £bw-2j 2*§

1,922 1,778 1,879 1,851 946 2.097 2,220 2,130 784 919 885 924 697 667 793 1,076 723 520 726 458 396 194 643 541 1,247 155 1,150 54 464 1,008 1,538 263 1,278 1,638 11 1,528 1,495 540 985 1,700 1,701 1,943 770 1,658 768 959 1,491 1,914 1,209 29 1,327 148 906 67 686 808 1,328 274 999 528 1,082 449 223 1,007 1,213 599 631 415 693 625 384 499 671 774 3,253 2,523 27 3,007 2,162 593 4,263 3,629 3,434 48 1,110 995 3 1,213 1,005 546 1,239 1,353 1,315 1 1,538 1,249 1,595 1,416 1,232 1,356 1,616 1,817 1,222 1,372 12 1,309 1,409 627 1,240 1,476 1,685 412 36 312 42 217 176 405 141 1,020 608 964 701 559 877 1,173 998 870 195 809 150 518 323 878 323 1,537 1,433 23 1,769 1,560 951 1,784 1,961 2,012 1,616 1,443 1 1,569 1,162 635 1,299 1,594 1,428 673 989 801 902 118 1,646 823 1,273 625 95 519 42 298 432 658 176 346 326 314 288 23 343 348 318 2,209 1,046 1,904 988 195 2,114 2,304 1,452 1.610 741 1,580 1,017 907 1,062 2,056 1,192 1,614 206 1,226 134 799 845 1,520 310 1,678 1 038 1,530 704 952 1,524 2,019 1,250 548 26 427 30 167 478 734 49 429 351 431 354 7 462 443 35 1 2,154 2,002 19 2,118 2,000 1,613 1,934 2,231 2, l-i 764 1,058 3 720 1,047 498 925 802 1,163 1,456 820 1,609 741 1,138 1,121 1,642 1,139 1.716 1.034 12 1,459 822 1,909 1,278 1,962 L.693 1,632 135 1,463 137 1,100 1,839 392 118 2,421 2,152 90 2,457 2,149 1,101 2,668 2,653 2,782 2,149 266 1,869 200 1,098 1,080 2.093 432 2,029 816 1,756 652 643 2,058 2.568 1,820 736 218 671 180 348 452 700 278 373 397 403 410 60 224 422 461 1,589 502 1,629 478 598 1,045 1,746 592 990 262 906 213 369 793 915

'.i is 37 2,924 1,718 3,234 1,685 1,849 3, 1 15 3, 2,765 2,478 144 1,916 149 808 1,169 2,285 276 1 1 1,217 705 1,298 800 869 944 1,550 1,012 1,656 1,099 1,663 858 81 I 92 1,983 1,2 197 906 1,320 848 1,204 191 1,212 998 1. 804 143 586 113 258 653 880 291 686 228 587 229 120 550 701 177 2,147 1,507 2,406 1,539 985 2,169 2,533 1,746 1 1.073 1,021 950 974 909 38 . 032 1,028 2,586 1,513 2,442 2,088 3,237 1,647 2,816 662 228 605 171 286 42:: 631 95 639 912 501 130

Vote for State Officers—Continued.

Superintendent Public Governor, 1900. Instruction, 1902.

o o E St Counties. o so c 0! c o c >> o o < < 1-5 PQ M d w

Lenoir 101 1,123 1,624 181 Lincoln 341 1,288 1, 168 701 Macon 044 1,059 917 937 Madison 176 2,374 1,088 1,996 Martin 002 990 1,480 38 McDowell 174 1,034 812 803 Mecklenburg - 095 1,627 2,997 570 Mitchell 413 1,940 385 1,271 Montgomery - 341 1,110 743 Moore 890 1,875 1.664 978 Nash 957 1,360 1,840 565 New Hanover 963 3 1,393 63 Northampton - 438 1,096 1,694 62 Onslow 548 637 1,092 145 Orange 471 1,469 1,081 439 Pamlico 657 599 546 304 Pasquotank — 502 926 1,105 142 Pender 260 276 1,055 94 Perquimans - 959 732 718 263 Person 607 1,286 1,146 445 Pitt ,433 2,096 2,683 33 Polk 534 650 507 475 Randolph 468 2,513 30 2,509 2,188 Richmond ,645 185 966 271 Robeson L00 557 2,675 871 Rockingham - ,913 1,946 2,297 752 Rowan 157 1,519 87 2,290 907 Rutherford -- 389 2,092 1,933 1,153 Sampson 356 1,954 1,283 1,728 Scotland ,065 25 764 44 Stanly 453 837 1,285 714 Stokes .519 1,944 1,275 1.436 Surry 154 2,594 1.929 2,200 Swain 540 816 527 722 Transvlvania 596 607 531 500 Tyrrell 591 410 471 186 Union ,379 660 1,212 124 Vance ,304 944 983 322

Wake . 732 4,448 4,198 757 Warren ,133 1,069 1,059 68 Washington - 976 571 635 182 Watauga 055 1,411 944 1.243 Wayne 828 1,878 12 2,653 590 Wilkes 435 2,257 1,468 2,243 Wilson 916 1,430 1.810 544 Yadkin .'HI 1.821 810 1,460 Yancey 9S6 1,081 937 930

Total -- 186, 650 126,296 367 135,840 68, 209 131

Vote for State Officers—Continual.

Corporation Com- Governor, 1904. Prohibition, missioner, 1906. May, 1908. Governor, 1908.

S* c c it u u c 3 O x c O z, Q D - - 3 o o « 3 C 3 01 O M 3 x a W as 6 w as lis +->i-l w

1,471 631 1,484 583 639 1,134 1,490 896 711 1,062 1,205 807 195 1,175 1,286 1.180 924 963 882 922 70 841 940 1,017 824 1,012 1,939 1,552 120 1,715 878 2,001 1,446 179 1,327 255 1,032 590 1,385 360 856 917 10 842 862 187 1,093 973 984 3,229 668 5 2,383 449 1,151 3,069 4,233 1,385 417 1,361 " 290 1,156 43 1,276 575 1,797 967 824 4 1,038 945 620 720 1,047 1,047 1,487 1,127 4 1,653 1,052 352 792 1,219 976 11 1.489 577 1,623 364 1,261 1,264 1,848 1,222 1 ,284 56 1,286 65 1,508 1,347 2,110 283 1,539 103 1,088 91 332 1,206 1,691 121 908 439 894 276 1,273 490 988 559 1 952 556 875 489 926 612 1,077 1,014 2 612 397 582 415 429 504 671 478 18 1,001 211 1 776 141 578 606 1,048 265 972 124 917 98 416 657 1,019 294 663 311 1 595 277 404 411 598 127 949 558 837 567 682 547 890 847 2. 298 439 1 2,342 630 845 1,809 ,500 811 502 552 483 531 107 431 536 594 2,409 1,894 22 2,395 2,267 813 2, 1'46 ,546 2,647 4 955 274 681 184 432 674 ,106 366 2,449 846 2,470 687 347 2,275 ,005 1,115 2,023 1,214 1,862 1,283 1,496 1,624 ,039 1,883 10 2,497 1,198 11 2,324 1.293 1,851 2,493 ,719 1,873 1,294 1,894. 1,382 426 1,559 2.011 1,739 1,046 1,776 1 1,199 1,823 955 1,557 1,400 2,423 662 54 593 43 576 752 47. 1,016 1,060 1,515 1,366 1,320 1,044 1,537 1,630 1 1,117 1,483 1,220 , 516 1,264 819 1. L23 1,671 1,833 2.40S 1,827 2,316 1,755 1,461 2.7S1 521 804 514 844 105 610 611 587 500 515 450 178 380 600 579 392 274 413 237 337 186 357 34 1,233 297 856 95 638 1,737 2. 086 701 1,042 428 1,044 401 475 892 1,187 578 3,647 1,091 3,354 960 3,188 2,445 4,149 2,5s:: 1,185 134 822 141 395 667 1,171 191 500 354 495 395 • 387 445 534 898 1,233 5 843 1,192 157 1,106 998 1 2,091 1,114 26 2, 158 941 1,352 . 520 2.271 1,450 1,360 2,437 1 1,507 2,600 2,521 1.225 1,599 3,331 1,387 586 1,547 426 734 1,503 703 1,411 578 1,313 1.131 673 718 1,649 1,035 938 1,012 804 10 1.210 912

79. 505 349 123,272 77,017 69,416 113,612 145,102 107.760 132

VOTE FOR CONGRESS.

FIRST CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1900.

Counties. 133

Vote fob Congress—Continued.

FIRST CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1904.

Counties. J. H. Small. D. O. Newberry. Scattering.

Beaufort 2,001 682 Camden 422 60 Chowan 647 79 Currituck — 552 24 Dare 434 345 Gates 718 223 Hertford 812 120 Hyde 734 207 Martin 1,456 182 Pasquotank - 1.048 176 Perquimans- 683 289 Pitt 2,512 308 Tyrrell 482 187 Washington- 564 285

Total-- 13,065 3,167

FIRST CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1906.

Counties. J. H. Small. J. Q. A. Wood.

Beaufort 1,718 Camden Chowan Currituck --. Dare Gates Hertford Hyde Martin Perquimans Pasquotank Pitt Tyrrell Washington

Total - 11,401 184

Vote foe Congress—Continued.

FIRST CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1908.

be c E 'E Counties. CO B

Beaufort— 1,968 1,167 Camden 408 143 Chowan 659 203 Currituck — 730 45 Dare 397 411 Gates 696 282 Hertford — 885 286 Hyde •743 166 Martin 1.432 310 Pasquotank 1,042 311 Perquimans 643 439 Pitt 2,563 779 Tyrrell 390 313 Washington 563 487

Total - 13,119 5,342

SECOND CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1900.

a be c CD Counties. o

1-5

d CO

Bertie 2,443 1,055 Edgecombe -- 3.028 1,621 Greene 1,401 801 Halifax 4,198 1,969 Lenoir 1,950 1,245 Northampton 2,169 1,313 Warren 1.670 1,271 Wilson 2,857 1.170 Wayne 3, 185 2,076

Total — 22,901 12,521 L35

Vote for Congress—Continued.

SECOND CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1902.

Counties. 13G

Vote for Congress—Continued.

SECOND CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1906.

•ao Counties. M O 2 d

Bertie 7 -— 915 69 Edgecombe — 1,264 202 Greene 922 203 Halifax 1,920 122 Lenoir 1,499 588 Northampton 1,108 77 Warren 850 130 Wilson 1,579 425

Total--- 10, 057 1,816

SECOND CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1908.

a o 01 3 c ho Counties. 2 vt* o fa 3 s d

Bertie 1,158 263 Edgecombe -- 1,841 363 Greene 916 488 Halifax 2,135 248 Lenoir 1,495 884 Northampton 1,677 113 Warren 1,152 207 Wilson 1,901 795

Total— 12,275 3.361 137

Vote foe Congress—Continued.

THIRD CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1900. IMS

Vote for Congress—Continued.

THIRD CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1904.

c o 00 C 3 o K Counties. CO b

Carteret — 1,072 Craven Duplin Jones Onslow Pamlico --. Pender Sampson - Wayne

Total 139

Vote foe Congress—Continued.

THIRD CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1908.

CO as £ o Counties. JZ X K s

Carteret — 1,186 996 Craven — 1,521 350 Duplin 1,689 105 Jones 622 280 Onslow 995 r.r.i Pamlico — 659 484 Pender — 1,133 282 Sampson — . 1,410 407 Wayne 2,329 428

Total 11,544 7,896

FOURTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1900.

Counties. 140

Vote fob Congress—Continued.

FOURTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1902.

Counties. 141

Vote for Congress—Continued.

FOURTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1906.

Counties.

Chatham -- Franklin--- Johnston - Nash Vance Wake

Total 12,161 142

Vote for Congress—Continued.

FIFTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT. 1900.

o v >, Counties. o

Alamance-— 1,996 211 Caswell 1,378 259 Durham 2,439 959 Granville 2,274 560 Guilford 3,468 211 Orange 1,304 265 Person 1,506 1,223 Rockingham 2,724 2.204 Stokes 1,449 1,795

Total - 18, 538 16,687

FIFTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1902.

2g o -t-»

Counties. 5 (3 PL,

Alamance — 1,910 1.482 Caswell 1,100 185 Durham S47 921 Forsyth 236 2,025 Granville 818 464 Guilford 078 1,369 Orange 1,092 421 Person 1,188 438 Rockingham- 2,323 779 Stokes 1,308 1,427

Total 17. 900 9,511 143

Vote for Congress—Continual.

FIFTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1904.

o B >. Counties W & i

Alamance- - 1,917 1,798 Caswell 896 201 Durham 1,669 1,065 Forsyth 2,338 2,252 77 Granville 1,616 516 Guilford 2,950 1,736 Orange 947 577 Person 938 627 Rockingham 2,047 1,283 Stokes 1,179 1,491

Total-. 16,497 11,546 77 ,

FIFTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1906.

a T3 IS o

Counties.

Alamance — 1,897 Caswell 810 Durham 1,494 Forsyth 2,432 Granville 1,638 Guilford 3,244 Orange 895 Person 869 Rockingham 1,957 Stokes 1,267

Total - 16, 503 11,089 144

Vote for Congress—Continued.

FIFTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1908.

73 V .C o V o K u O Counties. m s s

Alamance — 2,141 2,178 Caswell 853 344 Durham 1,814 1,794 Forsyth 2,534 2,861 Granville 1,663 651 Guilford 3,516 2,901 Orange 995 1,059 Person 778 961 Rockingham 1,819 2,032 Stokes 1,027 1,708 Surry 1,798 2,799

Total- 18,938 19,228

SIXTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1900.

Counties. 145

Vote fob Congress—Continued.

SIXTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1902. 146

Vote for Congress—Continued.

SIXTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1906.

c o O Counties.

"a c d X

Bladen 1,064 475 Brunswick 685 651 Columbus 1,513 ,100 Cumberland— 1,477 751 Harnett 1,275 847 New Hanover- 1,263 98 Robeson 2,452 723

Total - 9,729 147

Vote for Congress—Continued.

SEVENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1900.

Counties. 148

Vote foe Congress—Con tin ued.

SEVENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1904.

Counties.

Anson Davidson — Davie Montgomery Moore Randolph — Richmond -- Scotland Union Yadkin

Total - 149

Vote fob Congress—Continued.

SEVENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1908.

Counties. 150

Vote for Congress—Continued.

EIGHTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1902.

Counties. 151

Vote fob Congress—Continued.

EIGHTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1906. 152

Vote for Congress—Continued.

NINTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1900.

Counties. 153

Vote fob Congress—Continued.

NINTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1904.

01 Counties.

Burke Catawba Cleveland — Gaston Lincoln Madison Mecklenburg Mitchell Yancey

Total- is, 822 154

Vote fob Congress—Continued.

NINTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1908.

S Counties. <

1-5

Burke 1,364 1,318 Catawba 1,939 1,999 Cleveland — 2,341 1,445 Gaston 2,fi57 1,705 Lincoln 1,300 1,157 Madison 977 1,933 Mecklenburg 4,350 1,279 Mitchell 582 1,766 Yancey 1,020 912

Total— 16,530 13,514

TENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1902.

- be -a o o 3 o Counties. O

o S a! 1-5

Buncombe — 3,029 2,690 Cherokee 616 874 Clay 348 313 Graham 364 374 Haywood 1,443 1,344 Henderson -- 915 1,208 Jackson 942 920 McDowell — 729 890 Macon 891 973 Polk 503 484 Rutherford-- 1.899 1,178 Swain 502 752 Transylvania 519 517

Total — 12,700 12,517 155

Vote fob Congress—Con tinned.

TENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1904.

be ol Counties. o w d o0) CO

Buncombe — 3,238 2,560 Cherokee 693 936 Clay 352 331 ' Graham 374 395 Haywood 1,653 1,100 Henderson — 909 1,327 Jackson 1,052 940 McDowell — 862 937 Macon 934 971 Polk 499 555 Rutherford - 1.870 1,315 Swain 533 803 Transylvania 585 496

Total--. 13, 554 12, 666

TENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1906.

Counties. CD

E at o 1-5 W

Buncombe -- 2,432 32 Cherokee 825 936 Clay 311 299 Graham 409 1(17 Haywood .'.,:: Sl',!l Henderson s:;l 1,247

Jackson 000 9 ! McDowell 837 Macon 890 Polk 498 Rutherford - 901 1,410 Swain-- 506 848 Transylvania 500 188

Total-- 13.069 12,160 40 156

Vote foe Congress—Continued.

TENTH CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT, 1908.

13U o c

Counties. O c 6 a o o 1-5 W

Buncombe -- 3,548 3,572 54 Cherokee 837 1,250 Clay 351 320 i Graham 432 464 Haywood — 1,984 1,263 Henderson 983 1,442 Jackson 1,030 1,065 McDowell 991 982 Macon 939 1 030 Polk 552 595 Rutherford - 2,014 767 Swain 619 914 Transylvania 604 581

Total— 14,884 15,245 58 L51

CONSTITUTION OF THE STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA.

PREAMBLE.

We, the people of the State of North Carolina, grateful to Almighty God, the Sovereign Ruler of Nations, for the preservation of the American Union, and the existence of our civil, political and religious liberties, and acknowledging our dependence upon Him for the continuance of those blessings to us and our posterity, do for the more certain security thereof, and for the better government of this State,

ordain and establish this Constiution :

ARTICLE I.

DECLARATION OF RIGHTS.

That the great, general and essential principles of liberty aud free government may be recognized and established, and that the relations of this State to the Union and Government of the United States, and those of the people of this State to the rest of the American people,

may be defined and affirmed, we do declare : Section 1. That we hold it to be self-evident that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty, the enjoyment of the fruits of their own labor, and the pursuit of happiness. Sec. 2. That all political power is vested in, and derived from, the people; all government of right originates from the people, is founded upon their will only, and is instituted solely for the good of the wh Sec. 3. That the people of tins State have the inherent, sole and exclusive right of regulating the internal government and police thereof, and of altering and abolishing their Constitution and form of government whenever it may be necessary for their safety and happiness; but every such right should be exercised in pursuance of law. and consistently with the Constitution of the United States. Sec 4. That this State shall ever remain a member of the Ameri can Union; that the people thereof are a pari of the American Nation; that there is no right on the part: of the State t.i secede, and that all attempts, from whatever source or upon whatever pretext, to 158 dissolve said Union, or to sever said Nation, ought to be resisted with the whole power of the State. Sec. 5. That every citizen of this State owes paramount allegiance to the Constitution and Government of the United States, and that no law <>r ordinance of the State in contravention or subversion thereof can have any binding force. Sec. 6. The State shall never assume or pay, or authorize the collection of any debt or obligation, express or implied, incurred in aid of insurrection or rebellion against the United States, or any claim for the loss or emancipation of any slave; nor shall the General As- sembly assume or pay, or authorize the collection of any tax to pay, either directly or indirectly, expressed or implied, any debt or bond incurred, or issued, by authority of the Convention of the year one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, nor any debt or bond incurred or issued by the Legislature of the year one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, at its special session of the year one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, or at its regular sessions of the years one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight and one thousand eight hundred and sixty-nine and one thousand eight hundred and seventy, except the bonds issued to fund the interest on the old debt of the State, unless the proposing to pay the same shall have tirst been submitted to the people and by them ratified by the vote of a majority of all the qualified voters of the State, at a regular election held for that purpose. Sec. 7. No man or set of men are entitled to exclusive or separate emoluments or privileges from the community but in consideration of public services. Sec. 8. The legislative, executive and supreme judicial powers of the government ought to be forever separate and distinct from each other.

Sec. !». All power of suspending laws, or the execution of laws, by any authority, without the consent of the representatives of the people, is injurious to their rights, and ought not to be exercised. Sic. Ki. All elections ought to be free. Sec. 11. In all criminal prosecutions, every man has the right to lie informed of the accusation against him and to confront the ac- for cusers and witnesses with other testimony, and to have counsel j L59

his defense, and not to be compelled to give evidence againsl bimself or to pay costs, jail fees, or necessary witness fees of the defense, unless found guilty. Sec. 12. No person shall be put to answer any criminal charge, except as hereinafter allowed, but by indictment, presentmenl or ini peachment. Sec. 13. No person shall be convicted of any crime but by the unanimous verdict of a jury of good and lawful men in open court. The Legislature may, however, provide other means of trial for petty misdemeanors, with the right of appeal. Sec. 14. Excessive bail should not be required, nor excessive lines imposed, nor cruel or unusual punishments inflicted. Sec. 15. General warrants, whereby any officer or messenger may be commanded to search suspected places, without evidence of the act committed, or to seize any person or persons not named, whose offense is not particularly described and supported by evidence, are dangerous to liberty and ought not to be granted. Sec. 1G. There shall be no imprisonment for debt in this State. except in cases of fraud. Sec. 17. No person ought to be taken, imprisoned, or disseized of his liberties or or outlawed or exiled, or in | freehold, privileges, any manner deprived of his life, liberty or property, but by the law of the land.

Sec. 18. Every person restrained of his liberty is entitled to a remedy to enquire* into the lawfulness thereof, and to remove the same, if unlawful: and such remedy ought not to be denied or t\> 1 layed. Sec. 11). In all controversies at law respecting property, the ancient mode of trial by jury is one of the best securities of the rights of the people, and ought to remain sacred and inviolable. Sec. 20. The freedom of the press is one of the ureal bulwarks of liberty, and therefore ought never to be restrained, but every individual shall he held responsible for the abuse of the same. Sec. 21. The privileges of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended. Sec. 22. As political rights and privileges are not dependent upon, or modified by, property, therefore no property qualification ought to affect the right to vote or hold office. 160

Sec. 23. The people of the State ought not to be taxed, or made subjecl to the payment of any impost or duty, without the consent of themselves, or their representatives in General Assembly freely given. Sec. 24. A well-regulated militia being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed; and. as standing armies in time of peace are dangerous to liberty, they ought not to be kept up, and the military should be kept under strict subordination to, and governed by, the civil power. Nothing herein contained shall justify the practice of carrying con- cealed weapons, or prevent the Legislature from enacting penal statutes against said practice. Sec 25. The people have a right to assemble together to consult for their common good, to instruct their representatives, and to apply to the Legislature for redress of grievances. But secret political societies are dangerous to the liberties of a free people, and should not be tolerated. Sec. 2G. All men have a natural and inalienable right to worship Almighty God according to the dictates of their own consciences, and no human authority should, in any case whatever, control or interfere with the rights of conscience. Sec 27. The people have the right to the privilege of education, and it is the duty of the State to guard and maintain that right. Sec 28. For redress of grievances, and for amending and strength- ening the laws, elections should be often held. Sec 2!). A frequent recurrence to fundamental principles is absolutely necessary to preserve the blessings of liberty. Sic. 30. No hereditary emoluments, privileges or honors ought to lie granted or conferred in this State. Sic. 31. Perpetuities and monopolies are contrary to the genius of a free State and oughl not to be allowed.

Si i . ;;•_!. Retrospective laws, punishing acts committed before the existence of such laws, and by them only declared criminal, are op- and with libertv sive, unjust incompatible ; wherefore no ex [><>s-t facto law ought to be made. No law taxing retrospectively sales, purchases, or other acts previously done, ought to be passed. Sec 33. Slavery and involuntary servitude, otherwise than for crime, whereof the parties shall have been duly convicted, shall tie and are hereby forever prohibited within the State. 161

Sec. 34. The limits and boundaries of the Slate shall be and remain as they now are. Sec. -35. All courts shall be open; and every person for an injury done him in his lands, goods, person or reputation, shall have remedy by due course of law, and right and justice administered without sale, denial or delay. Sec. 36. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner; nor in time of war but in a manner prescribed by the law. Sec. 37. This enumeration of rights shall not be construed to impair or deny others retained by the people; and all powers not herein delegated remain with the people.

ARTICLE II.

LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT.

Section 1. The legislative authority shall be vested in two distinct branches, both dependent on the people, to-wit, a Senate and House of Representatives. Sec. 2. The Senate and House of Representatives shall meet biennially on the first Wednesday after the first Monday in January shall be denominated next after their election ; and, when assembled, tin' General Assembly. Neither house shall proceed upon public- busi- ness unless a majority of all the members are actually present. Sec 3. The Senate shall be composed of fifty Senators, biennially chosen by ballot. Sec 4. The Senate Districts shall be so altered by the General As- sembly, at the first session after the return of every enumeration by order of Congress, that each Senate District shall contain, as near aliens and as may lie. an equal number of inhabitants, excluding Indians not taxed, and shall remain unaltered until the return of another enumeration, and shall at all times consist of contiguous territory; and no county shall be divided in the formation oi' a Senate more District, unless such county shall be equitably entitled to two or Senators. of Sec 5. The House of Representatives shall he composed one hundred and twenty Representatives, biennially chosen by ballot, to

11 162 be elected by tbe counties respectively, according to their population, and each county shall have at least one representative in the House of Representatives, although it may not contain the requisite ratio of shall the representation ; this apportionment be made by General Assembly at the respective times and periods when the Districts of the Senate are hereinbefore directed to be laid off. Sec. 6. In making the apportionment in the House of Representa- tives, the ratio of representation shall be ascertained by dividing the amount of the population of the State, exclusive of that compre- hended within those counties which do not severally contain the one hundred and twentieth part of the population of the State, by the number of Representatives, less the number assigned to such coun- the of the ties ; and in ascertaining the number of population State, aliens and Indians not taxed shall not be included. To each county containing the said ratio and not twice the said ratio, there shall be to two but not assigned one Representative ; each county containing three times the said ratio, there shall be assigned two Representa- tives, and so on progressively, and then the remaining Representa- tives shall be assigned severally to the counties having the largest fractions. Sec. 7. Each member of the Senate shall not be less than twenty- five years of age, shall have resided in the State as a citizen two years, and shall have usually resided in the district for which he is chosen one year immediately preceding his election. Sec 8. Each member of the House of Representatives shall be a qualified elector of the State, and shall have resided in the county for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election. Sec 9. In the election of all officers, whose appointment shall be conferred upon the General Assembly by the Constitution, the vote shall be viva voce. Sec 10. The General Assembly shall have the power to pass general laws regulating divorce and alimony, but shall not have power to grant a divorce or secure alimony in any individual case. Sec 11. The General Assembly shall not have power to pass any private law to alter the name of any person, or to legitimate any person not born in lawful wedlock, or to restore to the rights of citizenship any person convicted of an infamous crime, but shall have power to pass general laws regulating the same. 163

Sec. 12. The General Assembly shall not pass any private law. unless it shall be made to appear that thirty days' notice of -applies tion to pass such a law shall have been given, under such direction and in such manner as shall be provided by law. Sec. 13. If vacancies shall occur In the General Assembly by death, resignation or otherwise, writs of election shall be issued by the Gov ernor under such regulations as may be pi*escribed by law. Sec. 14. No law shall be passed to raise money on the credit of the State, or to pledge the faith of the State, directly or indirectly, for the payment of any debt, or to impose any tax upon the people of the State, or allow the counties, cities or towns to do so, unless the bill for the purpose shall have been read three several times in each house of the General Assembly and passed three several readings, which readings shall have been on three different days,- and agreed to by each house, respectively, and unless the yeas and nays on the second and third readings of the bill shall have been entered on the journal. Sec. 15. The General Assembly shall regulate entails in such manner as to prevent perpetuities. Sec. 1G. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, which shall be printed and made public immediately after the adjournment of the General Assembly. Sec. 17. Any member of either house may dissent from and protest against any act or resolve, which he may think injurious to the public, or any individual, and have the reasons of his dissent entered on the journal. Sec. 18. The House of Representatives shall choose their own Speaker and other officers. Sec. 19. The Lieutenant-Governor shall preside in the Senate, bul shall have no vote unless it may be equally divided. Sec. 20. The Senate shall choose its other officers and also a Speaker (pro tempore) in the absence of the Lieutenant-Governor, or when he shall exercise the office of Governor. Sec. 21. The style of the acts shall be: "The General Assembly of North Carolina do enact." Sec. 22. Each house shall lie judge of the qualifications and elec tion of its own members, shall sit upon its own adjournment from day to day. prepare bills to be passed into laws: and the two bouses may also jointly adjourn to any future day or other place. 1G4

Six*, 2:3. All bills and resolutions of a legislative nature shall be rend three times in each house, before they pass into laws; and shall be signed by the presiding officer of both houses. Sec. 24. Each member of the General Assembly, before taking his seat, shall take an oath or affirmation that he will support the Con- stitution and laws of the United States, and the Constitution of the State of North Carolina, and will faithfully discharge his duty as a member of the Senate or House of Representatives. Sec. 25. The terms of office for Senators and members of the House of Representatives shall commence at the time of their eleo tion. Sec. 20. Upon motion made and seconded in either house by one- fifth of the members present, the yeas and nays upon any question shall be taken and entered upon the journals. Sec. 27. The election for members of the General Assembly shall be held for the respective districts and counties, at the places where they are now held, or may be directed hereafter to be held, in such manner as may be prescribed by law, on the first Thursday in Au- gust, in the year one thousand eight hundred and seventy, and every two years thereafter. But the General Assembly may change the time of holding the elections. Sec. 28. The members of the General Assembly for the term for which they have been elected shall receive as a compensation for their services the sum of jour dollars per day for each day of their session, for a period not exceeding sixty days; and should they remain longer in session they shall serve without compensation. They shall also be entitled to receive ten cents per mile, both while coming to the seat of government and while returning home, the said dis- tance to be computed by the nearest line or route of public travel. The compensation of the presiding officers of the two houses shall be six dollars per day and mileage. Should an extra session of the General Assembly be called, the members and presiding officers shall receive a like rate of compensation for a period not exceeding twenty days. 165

ARTICLE III.

EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT.

Section 1. The Executive Department shall consist of a Governor, in shall whom be vested the supreme executive power of the State a Lieutenant-Governor, a Secretary of State, an Auditor, a Treasurer, a Superintendent of Public Instruction, and an Attorney-General, who shall be elected for a term of four years by the qualified electors of the State, at the same time and places and, in the same manner as members of the General Assembly are elected. Their term of office shall commence on the first day of January next after their election, and continue until their successors are elected and qualified: Pro rirfed, that the officers first elected shall assume the duties of their office ten days after the approval of this Constitution by the Congress of the United States, and shall hold their offices four years from and after the first day of January. Sec. 2. No person shall be eligible as Governor or Lieutenant* io\ ernor unless he shall have attained the age of thirty years, shall have been a citizen of the United States five years, and shall have been a resident of this State for two years next before the election ; nor shall the person elected to either of these two offices be eligible to the same office more than four years in any term of eight years, im less the office shall have been cast upon him as Lieutenant-Governor or President of the Senate. Sec. 3. The return of every election for officers of the Executive Department shall be sealed up and transmitted to the seat of govern ment by the returning officers, directed to the Speaker of the House of Representatives, who shall open and publish the same in the presence of a majority of the members of both houses of the General

Assembly. The person having the highest number of votes res; tively shall be declared duly, elected: but if two or more be equal and highest in votes for the same office, the one of them shall be chosen by joint ballot of both houses of the General Assembly. Con tested elections shall be determined by a joint ballot of both bouses of the General Assembly in such manner as shall l>e prescribed by law. Sec. 4. The Governor, before entering upon the duties of bis office, shall, in the presence of the members of both branches of the Gen Kit;

an eral Assembly, or before any Justice of tbe Supreme Court, take oath or affirmation that be will support the Constitution and laws that of the United States, and of the State of North Carolina, and of he will faithfully perform the duties appertaining to the office Governor, to which he has been elected. of this Sec. 5.' The Governor shall reside at the seat of government State, and he shall, from time to time, give the General Assembly information of the affairs of the State, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he shall deem expedient. Sec. 6. The Governor shall have power to grant reprieves, commu- in cases tations and pardons, after conviction, for all offences (except sub of impeachment), upon such conditions as he may think proper, law relative to the ject to such regulations as may be provided by manner of applying for pardons. He shall biennially communicate to the General Assembly each case of reprieve, commutation or par- crime for which don granted, stating the name of each convict, the he was convicted, the sentence and its date, the date of the commu- therefor. tation, pardon or reprieve and the reasons the Sec. 7. The officers of the Executive Department and of public institutions of the State shall, at least five days previous to each to the regular session of the General Assembly, severally report the Governor, who shall transmit such reports with his message to General Assembly; and the Governor may. at any time, require information in writing from the officers in the Executive Department offices, and upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed. the militia Sec. S. The Governor shall be Commander in Chief of service of the of the State, except when they shall be called into the United States. occa- Sec. 9. The Governor shall have power, on extraordinary to convene the sions, by and with the advice of tbe Council of State, General Assembly in extra session by his proclamation, stating there- convened. in the purpose or purposes for which they are thus advice Sec. 10. The Governor shall nominate and. by and with the and consent of a majority of tbe Senators-elect, appoint all officers whose offices are established by this Constitution and whose appointments are not otherwise provided for. Sec. 11. The Lieutenant-Governor shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no vote unless the Senate be equally divided. He 167

shall, whilst acting as President of the Senate, receive for his ser vices the same pay which shall, for the same period, he allowed to the Speaker of the House of Representatives; and he shall receive no other compensation except when he is acting as Governor. Sec. 12. In case of the impeachment of the Governor, his failure to qualify, his absence from the State, his inability to discharge the duties of his office, or, in case the office of Governor shall in anywise become vacant, the powers, duties and emoluments of the office shall devolve upon'the Lieutenant-Governor until the disability shall (case or a new Governor shall be elected and qualified. In every case In which the Lieutenant-Governor shall be unable to preside over the Senate, the Senators shall elect one of their own number President of their body; and the powers, duties and emoluments of the office of Governor shall devolve upon him whenever the Lieutenant-Governor shall, for any reason, be prevented from discharging the duties of such office as above provided, and he shall continue as acting Gov- ernor until the disabilities are removed, or a new Governor or Lieu- tenant-Governor shall be elected and qualified. Whenever, during the recess of the General Assembly, it shall become necessary for the President of the Senate to administer the government, the Secretary of State shall convene the Senate, that they may select sueli Presi- dent. Sec. 13. The respective duties of the Secretary of State. Auditor, Treasurer, Superintendent of Public Instruction, and Attorney-Gen- eral shall be prescribed by law. If the office of any of said officers shall be vacated by death, resignation or otherwise, it shall be tin duty of the Governor to appoint another until the disability be re moved or his successor be elected and qualified. Every such vacancy shall be filled by election at the first general election that occurs more than thirty days after the vacancy has taken place, and the person chosen shall hold the office for the remainder of the unexpired term fixed in the first section of this article. Sec. 14. The Secretary of State. Auditor. Treasurer and Superin tendent of Public Instruction shall constitute, ex officio, the Council of State, who shall advise the Governor in the execution of his of fice, and three of whom shall constitute a quorum. Their advice and proceedings in this capacity shall be entered in a journal to be kepi for this purpose exclusively, and signed by the members present. from any part of which any member may enter his dissent: and 168

such journal shall be placed before the General Assembly when called for by either house. The Attorney-General shall be ex officio the legal adviser of the Executive Department. Sec. 15. The officers mentioned in this article shall, at stated periods, receive for their services a compensation to be established by law, which shall neither be increased nor diminished during the time for which they shall have been elected, and the said officers shall receive no other emolument or allowance whatever. Sec. 16. There shall be a seal of the State, which shall be kept by the Governor, and used by him as occasion may require, and shall be called "The Great Seal of the State of North Carolina." All grants and commissions shall be issued in the name and by the authority of the State of North Carolina, sealed with "The Great Seal of the State," signed by the Governor and countersigned by the Secretary of State. Sec. 17. The General Assembly shall establish a Department of Agriculture, Immigration and Statistics, under such regulations as may best promote the agricultural interests of the State, and shall enact laws for the adequate protection and encouragement of sheep husbandry. ARTICLE IV.

JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT.

Section 1. The distinctions between actions at law and suits in equity, and the forms of all such actions and suits, shall be abolished and there shall be in this State but one form of action for the ; enforcement or protection of private rights or the redress of private a civil action action wrongs, which shall be denominated ; and every prosecuted by the people of the State as a party against a person charged with a public offense, for the punishment of the same, shall be termed a criminal action. Feigned issues shall also be abolished, and the fact at issue tried by order of court before a jury. Sec. 2. The judicial power of the State shall be vested in a Court for the Trial of Impeachments, a Supreme Court, Superior Courts. Courts of Justice of the Peace, and such other courts inferior to the Supreme Court as may be established by law.

. Sec. 3. The Court for the Trial of Impeachments shall be the Senate. A majority of the members shall be necessary to a quorum, and the judgment shall not extend beyond removal from, and dis- 100 qualification to hold, office in this State; but the party shall be liable to indictment and punishment according to law. Sec. 4. The House of Representatives solely shall have the power of impeaching. No person shall be convicted without the concur rence of two-thirds of the Senators present. When the Governor is impeached, the Chief Justice shall preside. Sec. 5. Treason against the State shall consist only in levying war against it. or adhering to its enemies, giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open court. No conviction of treason or attainder shall work corruption of blond or forfeiture. Sec. 0. The Supreme Court shall consist of a Chief Justice and four Associate Justices.

Sec 7. The terms of the Supreme Court shall be held in the city of Raleigh, as now, unless otherwise provided by the General As sembly. Sec. 8. The Supreme Court shall have jurisdiction to review, upon appeal, any decision of the courts below, upon any matter of law or legal inference. And the jurisdiction of said court over "issues of fact" and "questions of fact" shall be the same exercised by it before the adoption of the Constitution of one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight, and the court shall have the power to issue any remedial writs necessary to give it a general supervision and control over the proceedings of the inferior courts. Sec. 0. The Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction to hear claims against the State, but its decisions shall he merely recommend atory; no process in the nature of execution shall issue thereon; they shall be reported to the next session of the General Assembly for its action. Sec. 10. The State shall be divided into nine judicial districts, for each of which a Judge shall be chosen; and there shall be held a Superior Court in each county at least twice in each year, to con tinue for such time in each county as may lie prescribed by law. Bui the General Assembly may reduce or increase the number of districts. Sec. 11. Every Judge of the Superior Court shall reside in the district for which he is elected. The Judges shall preside in the courts of the different districts successively, but no Judge shall hold 170

in the courts in the same district oftener than once four years ; but in case of the protracted illness of the Judge assigned to preside in any district, or of any other unavoidable accident to him, by reason of which he shall be unable to preside, the Governor may require any Judge to hold one or more specified terms in said district, in lieu of the Judge assigned to hold the courts of the said district. Sec. 12. The General Assembly shall have no power to deprive the Judicial Department of any power or jurisdiction which rightfully pertains to it as a co-ordinate department of the government; but the General Assembly shall allot and distribute that portion of this power and jurisdiction which does not pertain to the Supreme Court among the other courts prescribed in this Constitution or which may be established by law, in such manner as it may deem best; provide also a proper system of appeals, and regulate by law. when necessary, the methods of proceeding in the exercise of their powers, of all the courts below the Supreme Court, so far as the same may be done without conflict with other provisions of this Constitution. Sec. 13. In all issues of fact, joined in any court, the parties may waive the right to have the same determined by a jury, in which

Sec. 20. Actions at law, and suits in equity, pending when this Constitution shall go into effect, shall be transferred to the courts having jurisdiction thereof, without prejudice by reason of the change; and all such actions and suits commenced before, and pend- the ing at adoption by the General Assembly of the rules of practice and procedure herein provided for, shall be heard and determined according to the practice now in use, unless otherwise provided for by said rules. Sec. 21. The Justices of the Supreme Court shall be elected by the qualified voters of the State, as is provided for the election of mem bers of the General Assembly. They shall hold their offices for eight years. The Judges of the Superior Courts, elected at the first election under this amendment, shall be elected in like manner as is provided for Justices of the Supreme Court, and shall hold their offices for eight years. The General Assembly may, from time to time, provide by law that the Judges of the Superior Courts, chosen at succeeding elections, instead of being elected by the voters of the whole State, as is herein provided for, shall be elected by the voters of their respective districts. Sec. 22. The Superior Court shall be at all times open for the transaction of all business within their jurisdiction, except the trial of issues of fact requiring a jury. Sec. 23. A Solicitor shall be elected for each judicial district by the qualified voters thereof, as is prescribed for members of the Gen- eral Assembly, who shall hold office for the term of four years, and prosecute on behalf of the State, in all criminal actions in the Supe rior Courts, and advise the officers of justice in his district. Sec. 24. In each county a sheriff and coroner shall be elected by the qualified voters thereof, as is prescribed for members of the (Jen eral Assembly, and shall hold their offices for two years. In each township there shall be a constable elected in like manner by the voters thereof, who shall hold his office for two years. When I here is no coroner in a county, the Clerk of the Superior Court I'm' the county may appoint one for special cases. In case of a vacancy existing for any cause in any of the offices created by this section. the commissioners of the county may appoint to such office for the unexpired term. Sec. 25. All vacancies occurring in the offices provided for by this article of the Constitution shall be filled by the appointment of the 172

Governor, unless otherwise provided for, and the appointees shall hold their places until the next regular election for members of the General Assembly, when elections shall be held to All such offices. If any person, elected or appointed to any of said offices, shall neglect

and fail to qualify, such offices shall be appointed to, held and filled as provided in case of vacancies occurring therein. All incumbents of said office shall hold until their successors are qualified. Sec. 26. The officers elected at the first election held under this Constitution shall hold their offices for the terms prescribed for them respectively, next ensuing after the next regular election for members of the General Assembly. But their terms shall begin upon the approval of this Constitution by the Congress of the United States. Sec. 27. The several justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction, under such regulations as the General Assembly shall prescribe, of civil actions, founded on contract, wherein the sum demanded shall not exceed two hundred dollars, and wherein the title to real estate shall not be in controversy ; and of all criminal matters arising within their counties where the punishment cannot exceed a fine of fifty dollars or imprisonment for thirty days. And the General Assembly may give to justices of the peace jurisdiction of other civil actions, wherein the value of the property in controversy does not exceed fifty dollars. When an issue of fact shall be joined before a justice, on demand of either party thereto, he shall cause a jury of six men to be summoned, who shall try the same. The parly against whom judgment shall be rendered in any civil action may appeal to the Superior Court from the same. In all cases of a criminal nature, the party against whom judgment is given may appeal to the Superior Court, where the matter shall be heard anew. In all cases brought

before a justice, he shall make a record of the proceedings and file 1 same with the Clerk of the Superior Court for his county. Sec. 28. When the office of justice of the peace shall become vacant otherwise than by expiration of the term, and in case of a failure by the voters of any district to elect, the Clerk of the Snp<'- rior Court for the county shall appoint to fill the vacancy for the unexpired term. Sec. 29. In case the office of Clerk of a Superior Court for a county shall than of become vacant otherwise by the expiration the term. i| and in case of a failure by the people to elect, the Judge of the 173

for Superior Court the county shall appoint to fill the vacancy until an election can be regularly held. Sec. 30. In case the General Assembly shall establish other courts inferior to the the Supreme Court, presiding officers and clerks .there of shall be elected in such manner as the General Assembly may from time to time prescribe, and they shall hold their offices Cor a term not exceeding eight years. Sec. 31. Any Judge of the Supreme Court, or of the Superior Courts, and the presiding officers of such courts inferior to the Su- preme Court as may be established by law, may be removed from office for mental or physical inability, upon a concurrent resolution of two-thirds of both houses of the General Assembly. The Judge or presiding officer, against whom the General Assembly may be about to proceed, shall receive notice thereof, accompanied by a copy of the causes alleged for his removal, at least twenty days before the day on winch either house of the General Assembly shall act thereon! Sec 32. Any Clerk of the Supreme Court, or of the Superior Courts, or of such courts inferior to the Supreme Court as may be established by law, may be removed from office for mental or physical inability; the Clerk of the Supreme Court by the Judges of said Court, the Clerks of the Superior Courts by the Judge riding the dis trict, and the clerks of such courts inferior to the Supreme Court as may be established by law by the presiding officers of said courts. The clerk against whom proceedings are instituted shall receive notice thereof, accompanied by a copy of the causes alleged for his removal. at least ten days before the day appointed to act thereon, and the clerk shall be entitled to an appeal to the next term of the Superior Court, and thence to the Supreme Court as provided in other cases of appeals. Sec 33. The amendments made to the Constitution of North Caro- lina by this Convention shall not have the effect to vacate any office or term of office now existing under the Constitution of the State and filled or held by virtue of any election or appointment under the said

Constitution and the laws of the State made in pursuance I hereof. 174

ARTICLE V.

REVENUE AND TAXATION.

Section 1. The General Assembly shall levy a capitation tax on every male inhabitant in the State over twenty-one and under fifty years of age, which shall be equal on each to the tax on property valued at three hundred dollars in cash. The commissioners of the several counties may exempt from capitation ti'.x in special cases, on account of poverty and infirmity, and the State and county capitation tax combined shall never exceed two dollars on the head. Sec 2. The proceeds of the State and county capitation tax shall be applied to the purposes of education and the support of the poor, but in no one year shall more .than twenty-five per cent, thereof be appropriated to the latter purpose. Sec 3. Laws shall be passed taxing, by a uniform rule, all moneys, credits, investments in bonds, stocks, joint-stock companies, or other-

wise ; and, also, all real and personal property, according to its true value in money. The General Assembly may also tax trades, professions, franchises, and incomes: Provided, that no income shall be taxed when the property from which the income is derived is taxed. Sec 4. Until the bonds of the State shall be at par, the General Assembly shall have no power to contract any new debt or pecuniary obligation in behalf of the State, except to supply a casual deficit, or for suppressing invasions or insurrections, unless it shall in the same bill levy a special tax to pay the interest annually. And the General Assembly shall have no power to give or lend the credit of the State in aid of any person, association or corporation, except to aid in the completion of such railroads as may be unfinished at the time of the adoption of this Constiution, or in which the State lias a direct pecu-

niary interest, unless the subject be submitted to a direct vote of the ! people of the State, and be approved by the majority of those who shall vote thereon. Sec 5. Property belonging to the State, or to municipal corporations, shall be exempt from taxation. The General Assembly may exempt cemeteries and property held for educational, scientific, literary, charitable or religious purposes; also wearing apparel, arms for muster, household and kitchen furniture, the mechanical and agricultural implements of mechanics and farmers, libraries and scientific 175

or other instruments, any personal property, to'a value- not exceeding three hundred dollars. Sec. G. The taxes levied by the commissioners of the several coun ties for county purposes shall be levied in like manner with the State and shall taxes, never exceed the double of the State tax, except for a special purpose, and with the special approval of the General As sembly. Sec. 7. Every act of the General Assembly levying a tax shall state the to it is special object which to be applied, and it shall be a]. plied to no other purpose. ARTICLE VI.

SUFFRAGE AND ELIGIBILITY TO OFFICE.

Section 1. Every male person born in the United States, and every male person who has been naturalized, twenty-one years of age, and possessing the qualifications set out in this article, shall be entitled to vote at any election by the people in the State, except as herein otherwise provided. Sec. 2. He shall have resided in the State of North Carolina for two years, in the county six months, and in the precinct, ward or other election district in which he offers to vote, four months next preced ing the election: Provided, that removal from one precinct, ward or other election district, to another in the same county, shall not operate to deprive any person of the right to vote in the precinct, ward or other election district from which he has removed until four months after such removal. No person who has been convicted, or who lias confessed his guilt in open court upon indictment, of any crime, the punishment of which now is or may hereafter be imprisonment in the State's Prison, shall be permitted to vote unless the said person shall be first restored to citizenship in the manner prescribed by law. Sec. 3. Every person offering to vote shall be at the time a legally registered voter as herein prescribed and in the manner hereafter provided -by law, and the General Assembly of North Carolina shall enact general registration laws to carry into effeel the provisions of this article. Sec. 4. Every person presenting himself for registration shall be able to read and write any section of the Constitution in the English language; and before he shall be- entitled to vote he shall have paid, on or before the first day of May of the year in which he proposes i" 176

vote, 1 1 is poll tax for the previous year as prescribed by Article V, sec. 1, of the Constitution. But no male person who was on January

1, 1807, or at any time prior thereto, entitled to vote under the laws of any State in the United States wherein he then resided, and no lineal descendant of any such person, shall be denied the right to register and vote at any election in this State by reason of his failure to possess the educational qualifications herein prescribed: Provid- ed, he shall have registered in accordance with the terms of this section prior to December 1, 1008. The General Assembly shall provide for the registration of all persons entitled to vote without the educational qualifications herein prescribed, and shall, on or before Novem- ber 1, 1008, provide for the making of a permanent record of such registration, and all persons so registered shall forever thereafter have the right to vote in all elections by the people in this St&te, unless disqualified under section 2 of this article: Provided, such person shall have paid his poll tax as above required. Sec. 5. That this amendment to the Constitution is presented and adopted as one indivisible plan for the regulation of the suffrage, with the intent and purpose to so connect the different parts and to make them so dependent upon each other that the whole shall stand or fall together. Sec. 6. All elections by the people shall be by ballot, and all elections by the General Assembly shall be viva voce. Sec. 7. Every voter in North Carolina, except as in this article disqualified, shall be eligible to office, but before entering upon the duties of the office he shall take and subscribe the following oath : "I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and maintain the Constitution and laws of the United States and the Con- stitution and laws of North Carolina not inconsistent therewith, and that I will faithfully discharge the duties of my office as So help me, God." Sec. 8. The following classes of persons shall be disqualified for office : First, all persons who shall deny the being of Almighty God. Second, all persons who shall have been convicted or confessed their guilt on indictment pending, and whether sentenced or not, or under judgment suspended, of any treason or felony, or of any other crime for which the punishment may be imprisonment in the penitentiary, since becoming citizens of the United States, or of corruption or mal- 177

practice in office, unless such person shall be restored to the rights of citizenship in a manner prescribed by law. Sec. 9. That this amendment to the Constitution shall go into effect on the first day of July, nineteen hundred and two, if a majority of votes cast at the next general election shall be cast in favor of this suffrage amendment. ARTICLE VII.

MUNICIPAL CORPORATIONS.

Section 1. In each county there shall be elected biennially by the qualified voters thereof, as provided for the election of members of the General Assembly, the following officers: A treasurer, register <>f deeds, surveyor and five commissioners. Sec. 2. It shall be the duty of the commissioners to exercise a general supervision and control of the penal and charitable institutions, schools, roads, bridges, levying of taxes, and finances of the comity.

./ as may be prescribed by law. The register of deeds shall be. <

officio, clerk of the board of commissioners. Sec. 3. It shall be the duty of the commissioners first elected in each county to divide the same into convenient districts, and to report the same to the General Assembly before the first day of January, 1809. Sec. 4. Upon the approval of the reports provided for in the tore going section by the General Assembly, the said districts shall have corporate powers for the necessary purposes of local government, and shall be known as townships. Sec. 5. In each township there shall be biennially elected by the qualified voters thereof a clerk and two justices of the peace, who shall constitute a boad of trustees, and shall, under the supervision of the county commissioners, have control of the taxes and finances, roads and bridges of the townships, as may be prescribed by law. The General Assembly may provide for the election of a larger number of the justices of the peace in cities and towns and in those townships in which cities and towns are situated. In every township there shall also be biennially elected a school committee, consisting of three per sons, whose duties shall be prescribed by law. Sec. G. The township board of trustees shall assess the taxable

12 178 property of their townships and make returns to the county commissioners for revision, as may be prescribed by law. The clerk shall be, ex officio, treasurer of the township. Sec. 7. No county, city, town or other municipal corporation shall contract any debt, pledge its faith or loan its credit, nor shall any tax be levied or collected by any officers of the same except for the necessary expenses thereof, unless by a vote of the majority of the qualified voters therein. Sec. 8. No money shall be drawn from any county or township treasury except by authority of law. Sec. 9. All taxes levied by any county, city, town or township shall be uniform and ad valorem upon all property in the same, except property exempted by this Constitution. Sec 10. The county officers first elected under the provisions of this article shall enter upon their duties ten days after the approval of this Constitution by the Congress of the United States. Sec. 13. The Governor shall appoint a sufficient number of justices of the peace in each county, who shall hold their places until sections four, five and six of this article shall have been carried into effect. Sec. 12. All charters, ordinances and provisions relating to municipal corporations shall remain in force until legally changed, unless inconsistent with the provisions of this Constitution. Sec. 13. No county, city, town or other municipal corporation shall assume to pay, nor shall any tax be levied or collected for the payment of any debt, or the interest upon any debt, contracted directly or indirectly in aid or support of the rebellion. Sec. 14. The General Assembly shall have full power by statute to modify, change or abrogate any and all of the provisions of this article and substitute others in their place, except sections seven, nine and thirteen. ARTICLE VIII.

CORPORATIONS other than municipal.

Section 1. Corporations may be formed under general laws, but shall not be created by special act except for municipal purposes and in cases where, in the judgment of the Legislature, the object of the corporation cannot be attained under general laws. All general laws and special acts passed pursuant to this section may be altered from time to time or repealed. 1-79

Sec. 2. Dues from corporations shall be secured by such individual liabilities of the corporations and other means as may be prescribed by law. 3. Sec The term corporation, as used in this article, shall be cod strued to include all associations and joint-stock companies having any of the powers and privileges of corporations not possessed by dividuals or partnerships. And all corporations shall have the right to sue and shall be subject to be sued in all courts in like cases as natural persons. Sec 4. It shall be the duty of the Legislature to provide for the organization of cities, towns and incorporated villages, and to restrict their power of taxation, assessment, borrowing money, contracting debts and Idaniug their credit, so as to prevent abuses in assessment and in contracting debts by such municipal corporations.

ARTICLE IX.

EDUCATION.

Section 1. Religion, morality and knowledge being necessary to good government and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall forever be encouraged. Sec 2. The General Assembly, at its first session under this Con- stitution, shall provide by taxation and otherwise for a general and uniform system of public schools, wherein tuition shall be free of" charge to all the children of the State between the ages of six ami twenty-one years. And the children of the white race and the children of the colored race shall be taught in separate public schools; but there shall be no discrimination in favor of or to (lie prejudice of either race. Sec 3. Each county of the State shall be divided into a convenient number of districts, in which one or more public schools shall he maintained at least four months in every year and if the commissioners of any county shall fail to comply with the aforesaid require monts of this section they shall be liable to indictment. Sec 4. The proceeds of all lands that have been or hereafter may be granted by the United States to this Stale and do1 otherwise appropriated by this State or the United States, also all moneys, stocks, bonds and other property now belonging to any State fund for pur

poses of education, also the net proceeds of all sales of I he swamp 180 lands belonging to the State, and all other grants, gifts or devises that have been or hereafter may be made to the State and not otherwise appropriated by the State or by the terms of the grant, gift or devise, shall be paid into the State Treasury, and, together with so much of the ordinary revenue of the State as may be by law set apart for that purpose, shall be faithfully appropriated for establishing and maintaining in this State a system of free public schools and for no other uses or purposes whatsoever. Sec. 5. All moneys, stocks, bonds and other property belonging to a county school fund, also the net proceeds from the sale of estrays, also the clear proceeds of all penalties and forfeitures and of all fines collected in the several counties for any breach of the penal or military laws of the State, and all moneys which shall be paid by persons as an equivalent for exemption from military duty, shall belong to and remain in the several counties, and shall be faithfully appropriated for establishing and maintaining free public schools in the several counties in this State: Provided, that the amount collected in each county shall be annually reported to the Superintendent of Pub- lic Instruction. Sec. 6. The General Assembly shall have power to provide for the election of trustees of the University of North Carolina, in whom, when chosen, shall be vested all the privih'ges, rights, franchises and endowments thereof in anywise granted to or conferred upon the trustees of said University; and the General Assembly may make such provisions, laws and regulations from time to time as may be necessary and expedient for the maintenance and management of said University. Sec. 7. The General Assembly shall provide that the benefits of the University, as far as practicable, be extended to the youth of the free also all has State of expense for tuition ; that the property which heretofore accrued to the State or shall hereafter accrue from es- cheats, unclaimed dividends or distributive shares of the estates of deceased persons, shall be appropriated to the use of the University. Sec. 8. The Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, Secretary of State, Treasurer, Auditor. Superintendent of Public Instruction and At- torney-General shall constitute a State Board of Education. Sec. 0. The Governor shall be president and the Superintendent of Public Instruction shall be secretary of the Board of Education. 181

Sec. 10. The Board of Education shall succeed to all the powers and trusts of the president and directors of the literary fund of North Carolina, and shall have full power to legislate and make all needful rules and regulations in relation to free public schools and the educational fund of the State; but all acts, rules and regulations of said hoard may be altered, amended or repealed by the General Assembly, and when so altered, amended or repealed they shall ma. he re-enacted by the board. Sec. 11. The first session of the Board of Education shall be held at the capital of the State within fifteen days after the organization of the State Government under this Constitution; the time of future meetings may be determined by the board. Sec. 12. A majority of the board shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Sec. 13. The contingent expenses of the board shall lie provided by the General Assembly. Sec. 14. As soon as practicable after the adoption of this Constitu- tion the General Assembly shall establish and maintain in connection with the University a department of agriculture, of mechanics, of mining and of normal instruction. Sec. 15. The General Assembly is hereby empowered to enact that every child of sufficient mental and physical ability shall attend the public schools during the period between the ages of six and eighteen years for a term of not less than sixteen months, unless educated by other means. ARTICLE X.

HOMESTEADS AND EXEMPTIONS.

Section 1. The personal property of any resident of this State to the value of five hundred dollars, to be selected by such resident, shall be and is hereby exempted from sale under execution or other final process of any court issued for the collection of any debt. Sec 2. Every homestead, and the dwellings and buildings used therewith, not exceeding in value one thousand dollars, to lie selected by the owner thereof, or in lieu thereof, at the option of the owner, any lot in a city, town or village, with the dwellings and buildings used thereon, owned and occupied by any resident of this Slate, and not exceeding the value of one thousand dollars, shall be exempt Prom L82 sale under execution or other final process obtained on any debt. But qo property shall be exempt from sale Cor taxes or for payment of obligations contracted for the purchase of said premises. Sec. 3. The homestead, after the death of the owner thereof, shall be exempt from the payment of any debt during the minority of bis children or any one of them. Sec. 4. The provisions of sections one and two of this article shall not be so construed as to prevent a laborer's lien for work done and performed for the person claiming such exemption, or a mechanic's lien for work done on the premises. Sec. 5. If the owner of a homestead die. leaving a widow but no children, the same shall be exempt from the debts of her husband, and the rents and profits thereof shall inure to her benefit during her widowhood, unless she be the owner of a homestead in her own right. Sec. 6. The real and personal property of any female in this State acquired before marriage, and all property, real and personal, to which she may. after marriage, become in any manner entitled, shall be and remain the sole and separate estate and property of such female, and shall not be liable for any debts, obligations or engage- ments of her husband, and may be devised and bequeathed, and. with the written assent of her husband, conveyed by her as if she were unmarried. Sec. 7. The husband may insure bis own life for the sole use and benefit of his wife and children, and in case of the death of the husband the amount thus insured shall be paid over to the wife and children, or to the guardian if under age. for her or their own use, free from all the claims of the representatives of her husband or any of his creditors. Sec. 8. Nothing contained in the foregoing sections of this article shall operate to prevent the owner of a homestead from disposing of the same by deed: but no deed made by the owner of a homestead shall be valid without the voluntary signature and assent of his wife, signified on her private examination according to law. 183

ARTICLE XI.

PUNISHMENTS, PENAL INSTITUTIONS AND PUBLIC CHAEITIES.

Section 1. The following punishments only shall lie known to the laws of this State, viz., death, imprisonment with or without hard labor, flues, removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust or profit under this State. The foregoing provision for imprisonment with hard labor shall be construed to authorize the employment of such convict labor on public works or highways, or other labor for public benefit, and the fanning out there

of, where and in such manner as may be provided by law ; but no convict shall be farmed out who has been sentenced on a charge of

murder, manslaughter, rape, attempt to commit rape, or arson : Pro- vided, that no convict whose labor may be farmed out shall be pun- ished for any failure of duty as a laborer except by a responsible officer of the State; but the convicts so farmed out shall be at all times under the supervision and control, as to their government and discipline, of the penitentiary board or some officer of the Slate. Sec 2. The object of punishment being not only to satisfy justice, but also to reform the offender, and thus prevent crime, murder, arson, burglary and rape, and these only, may be punishable with death, if the General Assembly shall so enact. Sec 3. The General Assembly shall, at its first meeting, make provision for the erection and conduct of a State's' prison or peniten tiary at some central and accessible point within the State. Sec 4. The General Assembly may provide for the erection of a house of correction, where vagrants and persons guilty of misdemeanors shall be restrained and usefully employed. Sec 5. A house or houses of refuge may be established whenever the public interests may require it, for the correction and instruction of other classes of offenders. Sec G. It shall be required by competent legislation that the structure and superintendence of penal institutions of the State, the county of jails and city police prisons secure the health and comforl the prisoners, and that male and female prisoners he never confined in the same room or cell. and Sec 7. Beneficent provisions for the poor, the unfortunate orphan being one of the first duties of a civilized and Christian Slate. 1S4 the General Assembly shall, at its first session, appoint and define the duties of a board of public charities, to whom shall be entrusted the supervision of all charitable and penal State institutions, and who shall annually report to the Governor upon their condition, with suggestions for their improvement. Sec. S. There shall also, as soon as practicable, be measures devised by the State for the establishment of one or more orphan houses, where destitute orphans may be cared for, educated and taught sonic business or trade. Sec 9. It shall be the duty of the Legislature, as soon as practicable, to devise means for the education of idiots and inebriates. Sec. 10. The General Assembly may provide that the indigent deaf- mute, blind and insane of the State shall be cared for at the charge of the State. Sec. 11. It shall be steadily kept in view by the Legislature and the Board of Public Charities, that all penal and charitable institutions should be made as nearly self-supporting as is consistent with the purposes of their creation.

ARTICLE XII.

MILITIA.

Section 1. All able-bodied male citizens of the State of North Caro- lina, between the ages of twenty-one and forty years, who are citizens of the United States, shall be liable to do duty in the militia : Pro- vided, that all persons who may be averse to bearing arms, from religious scruples, shall be exempt therefrom. Sec. 2. The General Assembly shall provide for the organizing, arming, equipping and discipline of the militia, and for paying the same, when called into active service. Sec. 3. The Governor shall be commander in chief, and shall have power to call out the militia to execute the law. suppress riots or insurrection, and to repel invasion. Sec 4. The General Assembly shall have power to make such exemptions as may be deemed necessary, and enact laws that may be expedient for the government of the militia. 185

ARTICLE XIII. AMENDMENTS.

Section 1. No convention of the people of this State shall ever be called by the General Assembly, unless by the concurrence of two thirds of all the members of each house of the General Assembly, and except the proposition, Convention, or No Convention, be first submitted to the qualified voters of the wbole State, at the aexl general election in a manner to be prescribed by law. And should a majority of the votes cast be in favor of said convention, it shall assemble on such day as may be prescribed by the General Assembly. Sec 2. No part of the Constitution of this State shall lie altered unless a bill to alter the same shall have been agreed to by three-fifths of each house of the General Assembly. And the amendment or amendments so agreed to shall be submitted at the next general el tion to the qualified voters of the whole State, in such a manner as may be prescribed by law. And in the event of their adoption by a majority of the votes cast, such amendment or amendments shall become part of the Constitution of the State.

ARTICLE XIV.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Section 1. All indictments which shall have been found, or may hereafter be found, for any crime or offense committed before this Constitution takes effect, may lie proceeded upon in the proper courts, but no punishment shall be inflicted which is forbidden by this ('on stitution.

Sec 2. No person who shall hereafter fight a duel, or assist in the * same as a second, or send, accept, or knowingly carry a challenge therefor, or agree to go out of the State to fight a duel, shall hold anj office in this State. Sec 3. No money shall be drawn from the Treasury but in conse quence of appropriations made by law: and an accurate accounl of the receipts and expenditures of the public money shall he annually published. Sec 4. The General Assembly shall provide', by proper legislation, for giving to mechanics and laborers an adequate lien on the subjeel matter of their labor. 1S6

Sec. 5. In the absence of any contrary provision, all officers of this State, whether heretofore elected, or appointed by the Governor, shall hold their positions only until other appointments are made by the Governor, or, if the officers are elective, until their successors shall have been chosen and duly qualified according to the provisions of this Constitution. Sec. 6. The seat of government of this State shall remain at the city of Raleigh. Sec 7. No person, who shall hold any office or place of trust or profit under the United States, or any department thereof, or under this State, or under any other State or Government, shall hold or exercise any other office or place of trust or profit under the authority of this State, or be eligible to a seat in either house of the General

Assembly : Provided, that nothing herein contained shall extend to officers in the militia, justices of the peace, commissioners of public charities, or commissioners for special purposes. Sec 8. All marriages between a white person and a negro, or between a white person and white person of negro descent to the third generation inclusive, are hereby forever prohibited.

INDEX TO STATE CONSTITUTION.

A. Article, S. Section.

Abuses in assessments and contracting debts by municipal corporations. General Assembly to prevent, A. 8. S. 4. Actions at law and equity suits, no distinction, A. 4. S. 1. Tending when Constitution took effect, A.- 4, S. 20. Acts of General Assembly, style of, A. 2, S. 21. Levying taxes, must state object, A. 5, S. 7.

Agriculture, Department of, A. 3, S. 17. In connection with University, A. 9, S. 14. Alimony, General Assembly does not secure, A. 2, S. 10. Allegiance to U. S. Government, A. 1. S. 5. Amendments, A. 13.

Do not vacate existing offices, A. 4, S. 33. Answer to criminal charge, A. 1, S. 12. 1S7

of Senators and Apportionment Representatives, A. 2, SS. 4, 5, 6. Arms, right to bear, A. 1, S. 24. Article VII, General Assembly may modify or repeal certain sections, A. 7, S. 14.

Assemblage, right of, A. 1, S. 25.

Attorny-General advises executive, A. 3, S. 14. Duties of, A. 3. S. 13.

Auditor, duties of, A. 3, S. 13.

Bail, excessive, A. 1, S. 14.

Ballot, elections to be by, A. G, S. 3. Bills of General Assembly, read three times, A. 2, S. l*::. Blind provided for, A. 11, S. 10. Board of Charities, A. 11, S. 7.

Boundaries of State, A. 1, S. 34.

Capitation tax, application of proceeds from, A. 5, S. 2. Exempts, A. 5, S. 1. Capital punishment, A. 11, S. 2. Charities, public, A. 11. Deaf-mutes and the blind, A. 11, S. 10. Idiots and inebriates, A. 11, S. 9. Provision for orphans and the poor, A. 11, S. 7. Self-supporting, as far as possible, A. 11. S. 11.

Cities organized by legislation, A. 8, S. 4.

Citizenship, restoration to, A. 2, S. 11.

Civil and criminal actions, A. 4, S. 1. Claims against the State, A. 4, S. 9.

Clerk of Superior Court, election of, A. 4, S. 10. Removal for inability, A. 4, S. 32.

Term of office of, A. 4, S. 17.

Supreme Court, A. 4, S. 15. Klerks, removal of, A. 4, S. 32. Commutations, A. 3, S. G.

Compulsory education, General Assembly may provide. A. !), S. 15. oncealed weapons, carrying not justified, A. 1. S. 24. Constitution, how changed, A. 13, S. 2.

ontroversies at law about property, A. 1, S. 19. Ponvention, how called, A. 13. onvict labor, A. 11, S. 1. 188 •

Coroner and sheriff, A. 4, S. 24. Correction, bouse of, A. 11, S. 4. Corporations, municipal, A. 7. Charters remain in force till legally changed, A. 7. S. 12. Power of General Assembly over, A. 7, S. 12. Corporations other than municipal, A. 8. Debts of, how secured, A. 8, S. 2.

Definition of, A. S, S. 3.

Under general laws, A. 8, S. 1. Correction, houses of, A. 11, S. 4.

Council of State, A. 3, S. 14.

Counsel allowed defendant, A. 1, S. 11.

County commissioners, election and duty of, A. 7, SS. 1, 2. Commissioners divide, into districts, A. 7, S. 3. Districts have corporate powers as townships, A. 7. 8. 4. Majority of voters neeessary.to levy taxes, etc, A. 7, S. 7. Money, how drawn from its treasury. A. 7, S. 8. S. Officers enter on duty, when, A. 7, 10 ; of townships. A. 7, S S. A. S. 5. School districts, A. 9, 3 ; fund. !),

Taxes to be ad valorem, A. 7. S. '.». Township trustees assess property. A. 7, S. 6. County treasurer, A. 7, S. 1.

( 'ourts to be open, A. 1, S. 35. Kinds of. A. 4. S. 2.

Criminal charges, answer to, A. 1, S. 12. Criminal and civil actions, A. 4, S. 1. Courts for cities and towns, A. 4, S. 14. Prosecutions, A. 1. S. 11. Deaf-mutes provided for, A. 11, S. 10. Death punishment, A. 11, S. 2. Debt does not affect homestead. A. 10. S. 3.

. County, city or town cannot contract, except by majority of quail * fled voters, A. 7, S. 7. Imprisonment for, A. 1, S. 10. In aid of rebellion, void, A. 7, S. 13. Debt, restrictions upon increase of public, etc., A. 5, S. 4.

What bonds declared invalid. A. 1. S. C>. Declaration of rights, A. 1. ISO

Department of Agriculture, A. 3, S. 17.

Divorce, General Assembly does not grant, A. 2, S. 17. Disqualification for office, A. G^S. 5; A. 14, S. 7. Dueling disqualifies, A. 14, S. 2. board Education, of, A. 9, S. 8 ; officers. A. S. 9, ; expenses, \ !t S. 13.

First session A. S. 11 of, 9, ; power of, A. 9, S. 10. Quorum, A. 9, S. 12.

County school fund, A. 9, S. 5. A. Encouraged, 9, S. 1 ; A. 1, S. 27.

Property devoted to, A. 9, SS. 4, 5. Election of officers by General Assembly, rini race. A. i'. s. 9. Elections, by people and General Assembly, A. 0, S. 3. Contested, returns of, A. 3, S. 3. A. S. 10 Free, 1, ; frequent, A. 1, S. 28.

Electors, oath of office of, A. G, S. 4.

Qualification of, A. G, S. 1.

Electors, registration of, A. G, S. 2.

Eligibility to office, A. G.

Emoluments, exclusive, none, A. 1, S. 7.

Hereditary, A. 1, S. 30.

Entails to be regulated, A. 2, S. 15. Enumeration of rights, not to impair others retained by people. A. 1. S. 37. suits Equity and actions at law, distinction abolished, A. I. S. 1. Pending when Constitution took effect, A. 4, S. 20. Evidence against himself, criminal not compelled to give. A. I. S. 11.

Executive, Attorney-General advises, A. ."!. S. 14.

Department of, A. 3 ; distinct, A. 1, S. 8.

A. S. 1 1.".. Officers, 3, ; compensation, A. ::, S. A. 3, S. Duties, 13 ; reports of, A. 3, S. 7. Terms of office of, A. 3, S. 1.

Seal of State, A. 3, S. 1G.

Vacancy in, how filled, A. 3, S. 13. Exemption, A. 10, S. 1.

By reason of military duty, etc., A. 12. S. I,

Property of feme covert not liable for husband's debts, A. 1<>. s. 6. Ex post facto laws. A. 1. S. 32.

Extra session of General Assembly. A. ::. S. 9. 190

Feigned issues abolished, A. 4, S. 1.

Feme .sole, property of, not liable for husband's debts, A. 10, S. 6.

Fines, excessive, A. 1, S. 14.

Freedom of the press, A. 1, S. 20.

Fundamental principles, frequent recurrence to, A. 1, S. -'.).

General Assembly, acts, style of, A. 2, S. 21. Article VII may be modified or repealed by. A. 7, S. 14. Bills and resolutions read three times, A. 2, S. 23. Compulsory education may be enforced by, A. 9, S. L5. Election by, A. 6, S. 3. Entails regulated by, A. 2, S. 15.

Extra sessions, A. 2, S. 2S ; A. 3, S. 9.

Journals kept, A. 2, S. 1G; protests entered on. A. •_!. S. 17.

Members of, A. 2, S. 24.

Assemble when, A. 2, S. 2.

Election for, when held, A. 2, S. 27.- Office a disqualification, A. 14, S. 7.

Terms commence with election, A. 2, S. 25.

Vacancies, how filled, A. 2, S. 13.

Municipal corporations controlled by, A. 7, S. 14.

Names, personal, not changed by, A. 2, S. 11. Officers of, election, viva voce, A. 2, S. 9. Pay of, A. 2, S. 28. President of Senate, A. 2, S. 19.

Speaker of House, A. 2, S. IS.

Powers of, A. 2, S. 22.

In relation to divorce and alimony, A. 2, S. 10. Representation apportioned by, A. 2, SS. 4, 5. Revenue, A. 2, S. 14. Schools provided by, A. 9, S. 2.

University to be maintained by, A. 9, SS. 6, 7.

Yeas and nays, A. 2, SS. 14, 26:

Government, allegiance to U. S., A. 1, S. 5.

Internal, of state, A. 1, S. 3.

Origin of, A. 1, S. 2. Seat of, remains in Raleigh, A. 14, S. 6. Governor commands militia, A. 3, S. 8. Commutations, pardons, reprieves, A. 3, S. 6.

Justices of peace appointed by, when, A. 7, S. 11. 191

Governor, compensation, A. 3, S. 15. Duties of, A. 3, S. 12.

Extra sessions called by, A. 3, S. 9. Impeachment of, A. 3, S. 12. Lieutenant, qualification of, A. 3, S. 2.

Oath of office, A. 3, S. 4.

Officers appointed by, A. 3, S. 10; A. 14. S. 5.

Residence of, A. 3, S. 5.

Qualification of. A. 3, S. 2.

Vacancy in office of, A. 3, S. 12.

Habeas A. 1, S. 21. | corpus,

Hereditary emoluments, A. 1, S. 30. Homestead and exemption, A. 10, S. 2.

Benefit of widow in, A. 10, S. 5. Exempted from debt, A. 10, S. 3. Laborer's 'lien attaches, A. 10, S. 4. Privy examination of wife to dispose of. A. 10. S. 8. House of correction, A. 11, S. 4.

, Orphans, A. 11, S. 8. Refuge, A. 11, S. 5.

Representatives, apportionment, A. 2, S. 5.

:!."> Officers of, A. 2, S. 18; term begins when, A. 2. S. ; quali-

fication for, A. 2, S. 8 ; ratio of, A. 2. S. 6. Husband can insure life for benefit of family, A. 10. S. 7. Idiots provided for, A. 11, S. 9.

Immigration, Department of, A. 3, S. 17. Impeachment, A. 4, S. 4.

Court of, A. 4, S. 3. Of Governor, A. 3, S. 12.

Imprisonment for debt, A. 1, S. 1G.

Except by law, wrong, A. 1, S. 17. Indictments for crimes committed before Constitution took effect,

A. 14. S. 1.

inebriates, A. 11, S. 9.

inferior courts, A. 4, S. 12.

Officers of. A. 4, S. 30. insane provided for. A. 11, S. 10. 1!)2

Institutions, charitable, A. 11. Penal, A. 11. Public, annual reports from, A. 3, S. 7. Self-supporting far as possible, A. 11, S. 11. Sexes to be separated, A. 11, S. G.

Instruction, Superintendent of Public, A. 3, S. 13. Intermarriage of wbites and negroes prohibited, A. 14, S. 8.

Internal government of State, A. 1, S. 3. Issues of fact, by whom tried and bow waived, A. 4. S. 13. Judges, election, terms of, etc., A. 4. S. 21. Fees, salaries, emoluments, A. 4, S. 18.

Judges, removal of, for inability, A. 4, S. 31. Residence of, A. 4, S. 11. Judicial Department, A. 4. Districts for Superior Courts, A. 4, S. 10. General Assembly not to deprive of jurisdiction. A. 4. S. 12. Powers, division of, A. 4, S. 2. 'Term of first officers under Constitution. A. 4. S. 26.

Vacancies, A. 4, S. 25. Judicial remedy allowed all, A. 1. S. 35. Judiciary distinct, A. 1, S. S. Jurisdiction, courts inferior to Supreme, A. 4. S. 12. Justices of the peace, A. 4, S. 27. Supreme Court, A. 4, S. 8.

Jury, right of, A. 1, S. 13. Trial by. waived, A. 4, S. 13.

Sacred and inviolable. A. 1, S. 19.

Justices of the peace, Governor appoints, when, A. 7, S. 11. Jurisdiction of, A. 4. S. 27. Vacancies in office, A. 4. S. 2S. Laborers' and mechanics' lien. A. 14, S. 4.

Ataches homestead, A. 10, S. 4.

Law of the land, no person imprisoned, or deprived of life, etc., but

by, A. 1, S. 17.

Laws, ex post facto and retrospective. A. 1, S. 32. Private, thirty days' notice before passage, A. 2. S» 12. What in force. A. 4. S. 19. Legislative, distinct, A. 1. S. 8.

Two branches of, A. 2, S. 1. 193

Legislature provides for organizing towns, etc., A. 8. S. 4.

Trials other than jury, A. 1, S. 13. General Legitimation, Assembly can pass general laws for, A. 2, S. 11.

Liberty, deprivation of, except by law, A. 1, S. 17. Religious, A. 1, S. 26.

Restraint of, remedied, A. 1, S. 18.

Warrants without evidence, dangerous to, A. 1, S. 15. Lien of laborers and mechanics, A. 14, S. 4.

Lieutenant-Governor, President of Senate, duties of, A. 3, S. 11. When Governor, A. 3, S. 12.

Literary fund, Board of Education to succeed to rights of. A. 0, S. 10. Marriages between whites and negroes forbidden, A. 14, S. 8.

Married woman, husband can insure life for benefit of, A. 10. S. 7. Privy examination of. to dispose of homestead, A. 10, S. 8.

Property of, not liable for husband's debts, A. 10, S. <>. Mechanics' lien, A. 14, S. 4.

Men, equality, rights of, A. 1, S. 1.

Militia, A. 1, S. 24 ; A. 12. Exemptions from duty, A. 12, S. 4.

Governor commands, A. 3, S. 8 ; A. 12, S. 3. Organization of, A. 12, S. 2. Who liable to bear arms, A. 12, S. 1. Money, how drawn from State Treasury, A. 4. S. 1. County or township treasury, A. 7, S. 8. Monopolies are injurious, A. 1, S. 31. Municipal corporations, A. 7. Cannot contract debt except by majority of qualified voters. A. 7. S. 7.

Charters remain in force till changed, A. 7, S. 12. Municipal corporations, General Assembly to provide for organization of, taxation, etc., by, A. 8, S. 4. Power of General Assembly over, A. 7. S. 14. Names, personal, how changed, A. 2, S. 11. Normal school to be maintained by General Assembly at University,

A. 9, S. 14. Oath of member of General Assembly, A. 2. S. 24. Oath of Governor, A. 3, S. 4.

13 194

Oath of office, A. 6, S. 4. Office, cannot hold two, A. 14, S. 7.

Disqualification, A. G, S. 5. Dueling disqualifies for, A. 14, S. 2. Eligibility to, A. 6.

Qualification, property, none, A. 1, S. 22.

Officers, county, A. 7, SS. 1, 10.

First elected, A. 4, S. 26.

What, appointed by Governor, A. 3, S. 10 ; A. 14, S. 5. Orphans, houses for, A. 11, S. 8. Provision for, A. 11, S. 7. Pardons, A. 3, S. 6. Peace, soldiers quartered in time of, A. 1, S. 36. ' Penitentiary, A. 11. S. 3. Convict labor, A. 11, S. 1. Self-supporting as far as possible, A. 11, S. 11. Sexes separated, A. 11, S. 6.

People, right of, to assemble together, A. 1, S. 25.

Perpetuities, injurious, A. 1, S. 31. General Assembly shall prevent, A. 2, S. 15. Political power and government, A. 1, S. 2. Societies in secret dangerous, A. 1, S. 25. Poor, provision for, A. 11, S. 7. Power of General Assembly, A. 2, S. 22. To suspend laws injurious, A. 1, S. 9. Powers, executive, judicial and legislative, distinct, A. 1, S. 8. Judicial, division of, A. 4, S. 2.

Press, freedom and abuse of, A. 1, S. 20.

Principles, recurrence to fundamental, A. 1, S. 29. Prisoners, health and comfort secured, A. 11, S. 6.

Private laws, A. 2, SS. 11, 12. Privileges, exclusive, none, A. 1, S. 7.

Property, controversies at law about, A. 1, S. 19. Deprivation of, except by law, wrong, A. 1, S. 17. Devoted to education, A. 9, S. 4. Exemptions from taxation, A. 5, S. 5. Feme sole not liable for husband's debts, A. 10, S. 6. Qualification, none. A. 1, S. 22. 195

Prosecution, criminal, A. 1, S. 11.

Protest, by whom and when made, A. 2, S. 17.

Public debt, increase of, restricted, etc., A. 5, S. 4.

What bouds declared invalid, A. 1, S. 6. Public money, how drawn, A. 14. S. 3.

Public schools, General Assembly to provide for. A. 9, S. 2. Punishments, penal institutions and public charities, A. 11. Cruel or unusual, A. 1, S. 14; A. 14, S. 1. Qualification and election of members of General Assembly, each house judge of, A. 2, S. 22.

Rebellion, debt in aid of, not to be paid. A. 7. S. 13.

Recurrence to fundamental principles, A. 1, S. 29. Refuge, houses of, A. 11, .S. 5.

Register of deeds. A. 7, S. 1.

Registration of electors, A. 6, S. 2.

Religious liberty, A. 1, S. 26. Scruples against bearing arms, A. 12, S. 1.

Removal of judges. A. 4, S. 31 ; of clerks, A. 4, S. 32.

Representation and taxation, A. 1, S. 23. Reprieves, A. 3, S. 6.

Retrospective laws, A. 1, S. 32.

Revenue, A. 2, S. 14 ; A. 5. Rigbt of assemblage, A. 1. S. 25. Jury, A. 1, S. 13.

Secession, none, A. 1, S. 4.

To bear arms, A. 1, S. 24.

To suspend laws, injurious, A. 1, S. 9. Rights, declaration of. A. 1. 1 Of men, A. 1, S. ; A. 1, S. 37. Salaries and fees. General Assembly to regulate, A. 4, S. 18.

Scbools, attendance of children, A. 9, S. 15. County divided into districts, A. 9, S. 3. Fund, A. 9, S. 5.

Provided by legislation, A. 9, S. 2. Schools, races separate, A. 9, S. 2. Seal of State, A. 3, S. 16. Search warrants without evidence, wrong, A. 1, S. 15. Seat of government at Raleigh, A. 14, S. 6. 196

Secession, no right of, A. 1, S. 4.

Secretary of State, duties of, A. 3, S. 13.

' Senate, presiding officer, A. 2, S. 19.

Pro tern. Speaker, when elected, A. 2, S. 20.

Senators, number of, A. 2, S. 3.

Other senatorial officers, A. 2, S. 20. President of, A. 2. S. 19.

Qualifications for, A. 2, S. 7.

Regulating senatorial districts, A. 2, S. 4. Sexes separated in confinement, A. 11, S. 6. Sheriff and coroner, A. 4, S. 24.

Slavery prohibited, A. 1, S. 33.

Societies, secret, political, dangerous, A. 1, S. 25.

Soldiers, how quartered, A. 1, S. 36.

Solicitor, how elected, A. 4, S. 23. Special courts, A. 4, S. 14.

State boundaries, A. 1, S. 34.

Claims against, A. 4, S. 9.

Internal government of, A. 1, S. 3. Statistics, department of, A. 3, S. 17. Suffrage and eligibility to office, A. 6.

Superintendent of Public Instruction, A. 3, S. 13. Reports of county school fund to be made to. A. 9, S. 5. Superior Court clerk, his election, A. 4, S. 16. Term, A. 4, S. 17; vacancy, A. 4, S. 29. Districts, A. 4, S. 10. Judges, election and term, A. 4, S. 21.

Residence, A. 4, S. 11 ; rotation, A. 4, S. 11.

Open at all times except for jury trials, A. 4, S. 22. Solicitor for each district, A. 4, S. 23.

Special term, A. 4, S. 12.

Transaction of business, A. 4, S. 22. A. Supreme Court Clerk, A. 4, S. 15 ; jurisdiction, 4. SS. S, 9.

Justices, A. 4, S. 6 ; election and terms of, A. 4, S. 21. Terms of, A. 4, S. 7.

Surveyor, A. 7, S. 1. Suspending laws without consent of Representatives, not to be exer-

cised. A. 1, S. 9. 197

Taxation, ad valorem and uniform, A. 5, S. 3.

And revenue, A. 5 ; A. 1, S. 23. Property, exemptions from, A. 5, S. 5.

Of purchases and sales retrospectively not to be passed, A. I, S. 32. Taxes, acts to levy, to state object, A. 5, S. 7. Except for necessary expenses, not levied by county, city or town without assent of majority of voters. A. 7. S. 7. Levied by county commissioners, A. 5, S. 6. Of county to be ad valorem, A. 7, S. 9. Towns, etc., organized by legislation, A. 8, S. 4. Townships, officers of. A. 7. S. 5.

Treason against State, A. 4, S. .">. Treasurer, duties of. A. 3. S. 13. University, agricultural department of, mechanics, mining and nor-

mal instruction connected with. A. 9, S. 14.

Benefits of, A. 9, S. 7. Election of trustees. A. 0. S. 6. General Assembly shall maintain, A. 9. S. 7. Maintenance of, A. 9, S. 6. Property devoted to. A. 9. S. 7. Vacancies in General Assembly, A. 2, S. 13.

Vacancies, other, A. 3, SS. 12, 13; A. 4, SS. 2.',. 28. 29. Vagrants, house of correction for. A. 11. S. 4. Warrants without evidence injurious, A. 1, S. 15. Whites and negroes cannot intermarry, A. 14, S. 8. Separated in schools, A. 9, S. 2. Widow, homestead benefits, A. 10. S. 5. Yeas and nays, when entered, A. 2, SS. 14, 26. EXECUTIVE OFFICIALS.

WILLIAM WALTON KIT! 'II IN.

GOVERNOR.

William Walton Kitchin, Democrat, of Person County, N. C, was born near Scotland Neck, N. C, October 9, 1866. Educated at Vine Hill Academy and Wake Forest College, where lie graduated in 1S84. Edited tbe Scotland Neck Democrat in 1885. Studied law. first under bis fatber, tbe late Hon. W. H. Kitchin, and then under tbe late Hon. John Manning, at the University of North Carolina. Admitted to tbe Bar, 1887. Located at Roxboro in January, 1888. Chairman of tbe County Executive Committee, 1890. Nominee of his party for tbe State Senate in 1892. Elected to tbe Fifty-fifth, Filly sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, and Sixtieth Con- gresses. In November, 1908, he was elected Governor of North Caro Una, and entered upon the duties of that office January 12. 1909. Married, in 1892, Miss Musette Satterfield. Residence: Roxboro, N. ('.

Office : Raleigh, N. C.

JOHN BRYAN GRIMES.

SECRETARY OF STATE.

J. Bryan Grimes, Democrat, of Pitt County, was born in Raleigh, N. C, June 3, 1S68. Son of Bryan and Charlotte Emily (Bryan) Grimes. Educated at private schools; Raleigh Male Academy; Trin-

Scl 1 Point, ity School (Chocowinity, N. C.) ; Lynch's High (High Stratton Business N. C.) ; University of North Carolina; P.ryant & College (Baltimore, Md.). Planter. Member of stale Far is' Alli- ance. Member Executive Committee >,f North Carolina Agricultural Society. Member State Board of Agriculture. 1899-*1900. Ex Presi dent Tobacco Growers' Association of North Carolina. Chairman North Carolina Historical Commission. .Member Executive Commit tee State Literary and Historical Association. Member of Board of .Managers of the North Carolina Society of Sons of the Revolution. Secretary of State of North Carolina since 1901. Aide-de-camp on 200

Staff of Gov. Elias Carr, with rank of colonel. Fraternal orders: Masons. Knights of Pythias. J. (). U. A. M. Episcopalian. Married,

November M. 1894, Miss Mary Octavia Laughinghouse ; February 3,

1904. Miss Elizabeth Forest Laughinghouse. Address : Raleigh, N. C.

BENJAMIN FRANKLIN DINON,

STATE AUDITOR.

Benjamin F. Dixon, Democrat, of Cleveland County, was horn March 27. 1846. Son of Thomas Dixon. Educated at White Plains Academy (Cleveland County); Charleston Medical College, M. D., 1874. Teacher, minister, physician. Superintendent Oxford Orphan Asylum, 18S3-1S90. President Greensboro Female College. 1890-1N'.)4. Representative in Legislature of North Carolina from Cleveland County. 1897. State Auditor of North Carolina since 1901. Enlisted when fifteen years old in Co. D., 14th N. C. Regiment, C. S. A. Sec- ond Lieutenant Co. G, 49th N. C. Regiment. Retired at close of war. a veteran of four years at nineteen years of age. Major of Sec- ond N. C. Regiment of United States Volunteers in Spanish-Ameri- can War. 1898. Fraternal orders: Masons (Past Master of Greens- boro Lodge. No. 70). Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias. J. O. U. A. M. Author: Forty-ninth North Carolina Regiment, C. S. A. (North Carolina Regiments, 1861-1865, edited by Walter Clark). Married. July 7. 1X77. Mrs. Nora Catherine (Tracy) Durham. Three children.

Address : Raleigh, N. C.

BENJAMIN RICE LACY.

STATE TREASURER.

Benjamin R. Lacy, Democrat, of Wake County, was horn in Ral- r Richie eigh, N. C, Jifhe 10. 18. i4. Son of Rev. Drury aud Mary (Rice) Lacy. Educated at Preparatory School of R. H. Graves (Gra- N. 1869-1870. Fif- ham, N. C), 1868; Bingham School ( Mehane, C), Loco- teen years a locomotive engineer. Member of Brotherhood of motive Engineers. Delegate to three Grand Conventions of B. of L. E. Alderman of City of Raleigh. State Commissioner of Labor and Print- 201

ing for six State Treasurer years. since 1901. Mason, Odd Fellow, J. O. U. A. M. Presbyterian.. Deacon. Married, June 27, 1882, Miss Burwell. Seven children. Mary Address: Raleigh, X. < '.

JAMES YADKIN JOYNER,

SUPERINTENDENT OF PUBLIC INSTRUCTION.

James Yadkin Joyner, Democrat, of Guilford County, was born in Davidson County, N. C, August 7. 1862. Son of John and Sallie A. (Wooten) Joyner. Educated at La Grange Academy; University of North Carolina, Ph. B., 1881. Principal of I. a Grange Academy, 1881 1883; County Superintendent of Schools of Lenoir County, L882-1883 ; teacher in graded schools at Winston. X. c.. 1884-85; lawyer in Golds boro, X. C, 1SSG-1S80; Chairman of Wayne Comity Board of Educa- tion. 1887-1889; Superintendent of Goldsboro Graded Schools, insm 1893; Professor of English language and Literature at the State Nor mal and Industrial College, of North Carolina. 1893-1902; Chairman of Sub-text Book Commission of North Carolina, 190] ; Superintend ent of Public Instruction of North Carolina since February, 1902. Secretary of the Association of State Superintendents of the South ern States. 1003-1909. Member of the Board of Aldermen of Golds- boro. N. C. 1899-1902. Married at La Grange, December, 1887, .Miss Effie E. Rouse. Two children. Baptist. Address: ::<>l E. Jones Street. Raleigh, N. C.

THOMAS WALTER BICKETT.

ATTORNEY-GENERA [..

Thomas W. Bickett, Democrat, of Franklin County, was horn at Monroe, N. C. February 28," 1869. Son of T. W. and .Mary A. (Cov

ington) Bickett. Educated Wake Forest College. A. B., 1890. Studied law at University of .North Carolina, 1892 1893. Lawyer. Represent ative in General Assembly, 1907. Attorney-General of North Cam Una since January 12. 1909. Mason. Episcopalian. Married Miss Fannie Yarborough, November 29, 1898. one child. Address: Ral eigh, N. C. 202

WILLIAM ALEXANDER GRAHAM, COMMISSIONER OF AGRICULTURE.

William A. Graham, Democrat, of Lincoln County, was born De- cember 26, 1839, at Hillsboro, N. C. Son of William A. and Susan

(Washington) Graham. Educated at private schools, 1847-184N : Caldwell Institute (Hillsboro, N. C.) ; Union Academy (Washington.

D. C.) ; University of North Carolina, 1856-1859; Princeton College, A. B., 1S60. Farmer. President North Carolina Farmers Alliance tbree terms ; State Senator, 1874-1875, 1879 ; Representative, 1905. Member of .North Carolina Board of Agriculture, 1899-1908. Com- missioner of Agriculture since 1908. Captain Co. K, 2d N. C. Cav- alry, C. S. A. Major and Assistant Adjutant General of North Caro- lina State Troops. Baptist. Moderator of South Fork Association. Thirty years Chairman of Executive Committee. President Baptist State Convention. Author: General Joseph Graham and His Revolu- tionary Paper ; History of South Fork Association ; Life and Services of Gen. William L. Davidson; Battle of Ramsaur's Mill; History of Second Regiment North Carolina Cavalry, and Nortb Carolina Adju- tant-General's Department (Nortb Carolina Regiments, 1S61-1865, Walter Clark, Editor). Married Miss Julia R. Lane, June 9. 1864. Eleven cbildren. Address: Raleigh, N. C.

MITCHELL LEE SHIPMAN.

COMMISSIONER OF LABOR AND PRINTING.

M. L. Shipman, Democrat, of Henderson County, was born Decem- ber 31, 1S66, in Henderson County. N. C. Son of F. M. and Martha A. (Dawson) Shipman. Educated in public scbools and private high scbools. Editor. Twice Vice-President, and twice Historian of Nortb Carolina Press Association. Member National Editors' Asso- ciation. Chairman Democratic Congressional Committee; member State Democratic Executive Committee; Clerk of State Senate; As- sistant Commissioner of Labor and Printing, 1905-1908; Commissioner of Labor and Printing, since January 12, 190!). Fraternal orders:

< )dd Fellows. Knigbts of Pythias, Royal Arcanum. J. O. U. A. M. 203

Baptist. Clerk of Carolina Association, 1902. Addresses: Historian's Address before N. C. Press Association, 1906, 1907. Address before National Association of Labor Statisticians, 1907. Address a1 Labor Celebration Day at Raleigh, 1908. Married Miss Lula Osborne, July

1896. : i 12, Three children. Address Raleigh, X. '.

JAMES R. YOUNG,

INSURANCE COMMISSION IK.

James R. Young, Democrat, of Vance County, was horn February 13, 1853, in Granville County. X. C. Son of Dr. P. W. and Jane Eliza (Cooper) Young. Educated at Horner's Military School (Oxford. N. C.) ; Hampden-Sidney College (Va.). Insurance Agent. Cleric Vance County Superior Court, 1881-1890. State Insurance Commis- sioner since 1899. Fraternal orders: .Masons, Elks. Odd Fellows. Presbyterian. Elder. Married Miss Virginia Nichols. Address: Ra- leigh, N. C.

MILES OSBOPXE SHERRILL,

STATE LIBRARIAN.

Miles O. Sherrill, Democrat, of Catawba County, was horn July

< i 26, 1841, at Sherrill's Ford, N. C. Son of Hiram and Sarah < (sborne Sherrill. Educated Rehoboth Academy, 1858-1859; Taylorsville Insti tute, 1860-1861; Catawba College, 1866. Representative in General Assembly, 1SS3. State Senator 1885, 1893. Clerk Superior Courl of Catawba County for fourteen years. Cashier in Internal Revenue Office, 1885-1889. State Librarian. First Sergeant, C. S. A., IS02

1S64. Elected First Lieutenant in 32d X. ('.. bnt declined to leave bis old company. Lost right leg at Spottsylvania Courthouse, .May. IS64, I. O. O. F., Past Grand Master. Methodist. Delegate to North Caro Una Conference. Delegate to General Conference, 1898. Forty ye chil a steward. Married .Miss Sarah R. I'.osl. May I, L867. Seven dren. Address : Raleigh. N. C. 204

ALEXANDER JONES FEILD,

PRIVATE SECRETARY TO THE GOVERNOR.

Ai.K.xA.MiKi: Jones Peild, Democrat, of Wake County, was born in Warren County, N. C, March 9, 1864. Son of Dr. George and Frances Blount (Littlejohn) Feild. Educated in public and private schools of Warren County up to 1880, and Horner's Military school, 1881- 1882; University of North Carolina, A. B., 1885. Member of Phi. Society. Editor of University Magazine. Read law under private instructor, and was admitted to Bar in 18S8. Practiced law in Ox- ford. N. C. to 1897, in Raleigh to 1909. Secretary State Democratic Executive Committee, 1901-1909; Private Secretary to Governor Kitchin since January 12. 1909. Aide on Personal Staff of Governor

Kitchin. with rank of Colonel. Fraternal order : I. O. O. F. Episco- chil- palian. Married, March 5, 1890, Miss Louise R. Hughes. Two dren. Address : Raleigh, N. C. JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COURT.

WALTER CLARK.

CHIEF JUSTICE.

Walter Clark, Democrat, of Wake County, was born in Halifax County, N.-C, August 19, 1S46. Son of David and Anna M. (Thorne) Clark. Graduated from University of North Carolina, 1864. Lieu C. S. A. ' tenant-Colonel, Admitted to the Bar, L868. Judg Supe- rior Court, 18S5-18S9. Associate Justice of the Supreme C 589 1902. Chief Justice since January 1, 1903. Frequent contributor to periodical literature. Author: Clark's Annotated Code of Civil I'm cedure, 4th edition, 1907. Translator from the French: Constant's Memoirs of Napoleon (3 vols.). Editor: The State Records of North Carolina (13 vols.); The North Carolina Regiments. 1861-1865 (5 vols.): Reprints of North Carolina Supreme Court Reports, with annotations (68 vols.). President North Carolina Literary and His torical Association; Trustee of Trinity College. LL. D. (University of N. C). Methodist. Married Miss Susan YV., daughter of William |A. Graham, January 28, 1S74. Address: Raleigh, N. C.

HENRY GROYKS CONNOR,

ASSOCIATE JtTSTICE.

Henry Groves Connor, Democrat, of Wilson County, was horn in Wilmington, N. C, July 3, 1852. Son of David and Mary C. (Groves) Connor. Educated in the town schools of Wilson. X. c. Read law un dvr George Whitfield, with whom he was afterwards associated in practice. State Senator, 1885. Judge of the Superior Court. 1885 1893. Resigned to resume the practice of the law. Representative from Wilson County in the General Assembly. 1899, 1901. Speaker of the House. 1899. Associate Justice of the Supreme Court since January, 1. 1903. For many years President of the Branch Banking Company of Wilson. President of the State Literary and Historical Association, 1901-1902. LL. D. (University of North Carolina. L908). Episcopalian. Married. Miss Kate Whitfield. Residence: Wilson. N. C. Office: Raleigh. X. C. 206

PLATT DICKINSON WALKER,

ASSOCIATK JUSTICE.

Platt D. Walker, Democrat, of Mecklenburg County, was born in Wilmington, N". C, October 25-, 1849. Son of Thomas D. and Mary Vance (Dickinson) Walker. Educated at Private schools; Univer- sity of North Carolina, 1S65-18G7. Law school of the University of Virginia, LL. B., 18G9. Admitted to the Bar of North Carolina and settled at Rockingham, 1870. Representative from Richmond County in General Assembly of North Carolina, 1874-1875. Removed to Char- lotte, 1876. Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of North Carolina since January 1, 1903. President of the North Carolina Bar Associa- tion, 1899. Trustee of the University of North Carolina. Director of the Highland Park Manufacturing Company, of Charlotte LL. D. (University of North Carolina, 1908). Episcopalian. Married Miss Nettie Settle Covington, June 5, 1878, at Reidsville, N. C. Residence: Charlotte, N. C. Office: Raleigh, N. C.

GEORGE H. BROWN,

ASSOCIATE JUSTICE.

George H. Brown, Democrat, of Beaufort County, was born in Washington, N. C, May 5, 1850. Son of Sylvester T. and Elizabeth (Bonner) Brown. Educated at Horner's Military School (Oxford, X. C). Studied law and was admitted to the Bar, and engaged in the practice at Washington, N. C. from 1872 to 1889. Judge of the Superior Court of North Carolina, 1S80-1904. Associate Justice of the Supreme Court since January 1. 1905. On December 17. 1874, was married to Mrs. Laura Ellison. Residence: Washington. N. C. Office: Raleigh. N. C. 2()7

WILLIAM ALEXANDER HOKE, ASSOCIATE JUSTICE.

William A. Hoke, Democrat, of Lincoln County, was born at Lin- colnton, N. C, October 25, 1851. Son of Col. Jolm Franklin and Cathe- rine Wilson (Alexander) Hoke. Educated at private schools. Studied law under Chief Justice Richmond Pearson, at Richmond Hill, X. ('. Admitted to Bar, 1872. Practiced law at Shelby and Lincolnton, N. C, until 1891. Representative in Legislature of North Carolina in 1889. Judge of the Superior Court, 1891-1904. Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of North Carolina since January 1, 1905. Mem- ber Society of the Cincinnati. Episcopalian. At Lincolnton, Decem- ber 16, 1897, married to Miss Mary McBee. Residence: Lincolnton, N. C. Office: Raleigh, N. C. MEMBERS OF CONGRESS.

SENATORS.

FURNIFOLD M. SIMMONS.

F. M. Simmons, Democrat, of Trenton (R. F. D.), Jones County, was born January 20, 18.14, in the county of Jones, N. C. Graduated at Trinity College, with the degree of A. B.. in June, 1873; was admitted to the Bar in 1875, and has practiced the profession of law since then. In 1880 was elected a member of the Fiftieth Congress from the Second Congressional District of North Carolina. In 4S93 was appointed Collector of Internal Revenue for the Fourth Collec- tion of District North Carolina, and served in that office during the^ term of Mr. Cleveland. In the campaigns of 1892, 1S9S, 1900, 1902. 1004. and 1900. was Chairman of the Democratic Executive Commit- tee of the State. Received the degree of LL. D. from Trinity Col- lege. X. C, June, 1901. He was elected to the United States Senate to succeed Marion Butler, Popidist. for the term beginning March 4, 1001. and re-elected in 1907. I lis term of service will expire March

:;, 1913.

LEE SLATER OVERMAN.

Lei: Slater Overman, Democrat, of Salisbury, was born January

.".. in Rowan Graduated 1854, Salisbury, County. Trinity College, 1 North Carolina, with the degree of A. B., June. 1*74: the degree of M. A. was conferred him two later; taught school two upon years j years: was Private Secretary to Governor Z. B. Vance in 1877-1S78, and Private Secretary to Governor Thomas J. Jarvis in 1879. Began the practice of law in his native town in 1880: has had a -leading practice; was five times a member of the Legislature, session of 1883, 1SS5, 1887, 1893, and 1899; was the choice of the Democratic caucus for Speaker in 1887, and was defeated by one vote, through a combination of Independents and Republicans; was the unanimous choice of his party and elected Speaker of the House of Representatives.! session of 1893: was President of the North Carolina Railroad Com 200

pany in 1894; was the choice of the Democratic caucus for United States Senator in 1895, and was defeated in open session by Hon. Jeter C. Pritchard, through a combination of Republicans and Popu lists: was President of the Democratic State Convention in 1900; lias been for ten years a member of the Board of Trustees of the State University; is also a Trustee of Trinity College; was chosen Presidential Elector for the State at large in 1900. Married .Miss Mary P., the eldest daughter of United States Senator, afterwards Chief Justice. A. S. Merrimon, October 31, 1878. Was elected to the United States Senate to succeed Jeter C. Pritchard. Republican, for

the term beginning March 4, 1903. His first term expired .March :;. 1909. The unanimous choice of the Democratic caucus, he was re elected January 19, 1909, for a second term.

REPRESENTATIVES.

JOHN HUMPHREY SMALL.

(First District.—Counties: Beaufort, Camden, Chowan, Currituck, Dare. Gates, Hertford, Hyde, Martin. Pasquotank, Perquimans, Pitt, — 17:;.(>18. Tyrrell and Washington 14 counties. Population. 1900. ) John Humphrey Small, Democrat, of Beaufort County, was born in Washington, N. C. Educated in the schools of Washington, and at Trinity College, North Carolina. Is a lawyer in active practice. Left college in 1S7G and taught school from 1876 to 1880. Licensed to practice law in January, 1881. Elected Reading Clerk of the State Sen- ate in 1881. Elected Superintendent of Public Instruction of Beauforl County in the latter part of 1881. Elected and continued to serve as Solicitor of the Inferior Court of Beaufort County from 1882 to 1885. Proprietor and editor of the Washington Gazette from 1883 to 1886. Attorney of the Board of Commissioners of Beauforl County from 1888 to 1S96. A member of the City Council from May. 1887, | to May, 1890, and for one year, during that period, was Mayor of Washington. Chairman of the Democratic Executive (' nittee of the First Congressional District in 1888. Chairman of Hie Demo

14 210 •

cratic Executive Committee of Beaufort County from 1889 to 1898. Democratic Presidential Elector in the First Congressional District in 1890. Has been for several years, and is now, Chairman of the Public School Committee of Washington. Elected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth. Sixtieth and Sixty-first Con-

gresses. Address : Washington, N. C.

CLAUDE KITCHIN.

(Second District.—Counties: Bertie, Edgecombe, Greene, Halifax, Lenoir, Northampton, Warren and Wilson—8 counties. Population. 1900, 172,496.) Claude Kitchin, Democrat, of Halifax County, was born in Hali- fax County, N. C, near Scotland Neck. March 21. 1809. Graduated from Wake Forest College, June, 1888, and was married to Miss Kate Mills, November 13th of the same year. Admitted to the Bar Septem- ber, 1890, and has since been engaged in the practice of the law at Scotland Neck. Elected to Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth,

Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses. Address : Scotland Neck, N. C.

CHARLES RANDOLPH THOMAS.

(Third District.—Counties: Carteret, Craven, Duplin, Jones, Ons- low, Pamlico, Pender, Sampson and Wayne—9 counties. Population, 1900, 157,704.) Charles Randolph Thomas, Democrat, of Craven County, was born at Beaufort, N. C, August 21, 1861. Is a son of the late Judge Charles R. Thomas, who was a member of the Forty-second and the Forty-third Congresses. Educated at the New Bern Academy ; school of Prof. Charles B. Young, known as the Emerson Institute, Washington, D. C, and the University of North Carolina, graduating in 1881. Studied law, first with his father, and then at the law school of Judges R. P. Dick and John H. Dillard. at Greensboro, N. C. Ad- mitted to the Bar in October, 18S2, and since that time has continuously practiced his profession. Member of the House of Representa- tives of the North Carolina Legislature in 1887. Served six years as, 211

for the of attorney county Craven, from 1890 to 1896. Elected by the State Legislature as a Trustee of the University of North Cum lina in 1893. Elected in 1896 Democratic Presidential Elector Cor the Third Congressional District of North Carolina. Elected to the Fifty-sixth, Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth and

Sixty-first Congresses. Address : New Bern, N. < '.

EDWARD WILLIAM POU.

(Fourth District.—Counties: Chatham, Franklin, Johnston. Nash, Vance and Wake—6 counties. Population, 1900, 1T8,06G.) Edward William Pou, Democrat, of Johnston County, was born at Tuskegee, Ala., September 9, 1863. Presidential Elector in 1888. Elected Solicitor of the Fourth Judicial District of North Carolina in 1890, 1894 'and 1898. Elected to the Fifty-seventh, Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses. Address: Smith field, N. C.

VACANT.

(Fifth District.—Counties: Alamance, Caswell, Durham, Forsyth, Granville, Guilford, Orange, Person, Rockingham and Stokes—10 counties. Population. 1900, 248,928.)

Vacant by resignation January 11, 1909, of William W. Kitchin. (See Executive Officers.) After March 3, 1909, John Motley More head. Address : Spray, N. C.

HANNIBAL LAFAYETTE GODWIN.

(Sixth District.—Counties: Bladen, Brunswick, Columbus, Cum berland, Harnett, New Hanover and Robeson—7 counties. Popula tion, 1900. 163,001.) Hannibal Lafayette Godwin, Democrat, of Harnett County, was born November 3, 1873, on a farm near Dunn, in Harnett County, \". C. Educated in the schools of*Dunn and at Trinity College, Durham, N. C Read law at the University of North Carolina and was admitted to 212

the Bar in September, 1S9G. Married Miss Mattie Barnes, December 23, 1896. Member of the State Senate of the North Carolina Legis- lature in 1903. Elected in 1904 Democratic Presidential Elector for the Sixth Congressional District of North Carolina. Member of the State Democratic Executive Committee from 1904 to 190G. Elected tlie to Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses. Address : Dunn. N. C.

ROBERT NEWTON PAGE.

(Seventh District.—Counties: Anson. Davidson, Davie, Lee, Mont- gomery, Moore, Randolph. Richmond, Scotland, Union and Yadkin— 11 counties. Population, 1900, 193,086.) Robert Newton Page. Democrat, of Montgomery County, was born at Cary, Wake County. N. C, October 26, 1859. Educated at Cary High School and Bingham Military School. Moved to Moore County in 1880, and has been for more than twenty years actively engaged in the lumber business. Has been treasurer of the Aberdeen and Ashboro Railroad Company since 1890. Moved to Montgomery County in 1897. Elected from that county to the Legislature of 1901. Mar- ried, in 1888, to Miss Flora Shaw, of Moore County, and has four children. Elected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty-ninth, Sixtieth and Sixty - tirst Congresses. Address : Biscoe, N. C.

RICHARD NATHANIEL HACKETT.

(Eighth District.—Counties: Alexander. Alleghany, Ashe, Cabar- rus, Caldwell, Iredell, Rowan,. Stanly, Surry, Watauga and Wilkes— 11 counties. Population, 1900, 217,604.) Richard Nathaniel Hackett, Democrat, of Wilkes County, was born in Wilkesboro, N.- C, December 4, 1866, where he has resided ever since. Educated at the Wilkesboro High School and the Uni- versity of North Carolina, graduating from the last-named institution in 1887. Studied law under Col. George N. Folk, and received license to practice in September, 1888. Immediately thereafter was chosen Chairman of the Wilkes County Democratic Executive Com- mittee, and has served in that capacity a number of times. Taken 213 an active interest in politics since lie reached the years of maturity. Member of the Democratic State Executive Committee Cor fifteen years, and is now a member of the ('(Mitral Advisory Committee. Mayor of Wilkesboro two terms, having been unanimously elecl the last time. Commissioner of Stale representing North Carolina at the centennial of Washington's inauguration in New York in 1889. Nominee of his party for State House of Representatives in 1896. Tendered the nomination for Presidential Elector in 1900 and 1904, but declined. Canvassed his district and State for his party in sev eral campaigns. Assistant to the Secretary of Slate from 1901 to 1906. An officer of the Grand Lodge of Masons of North Carolina for ten years, and is now Deputy Grand Master. Married Miss Lois Long, daughter of Judge B. F. Long, of Statesville, X. C, January :il. 1907. Elected to the Sixtieth Congress. Address: Wilkesboro, N. C.

EDWIN YATES WEBB.

(Ninth District.—Counties: Burke, Catawba, Cleveland. Gaston, Lincoln, Madison. Mecklenburg. Mitchell and Yancey—9 counties. Population, 1900, 210,908.) Edwin Yates Webb, Democrat, of Cleveland County, was born in Shelby, N. C, May 23, 1872. Attended Shelby Military Institute; graduated at Wake Forest College. 1893. Studied law at University of North Carolina. Received license from the Supreme Courl to practice, in February, 1894. Took post-graduate course in law at University of Virginia, 1896. Began practice of law February, 1894, forming partnership with his brother, J. L. Webb, then Solicitor of the Twelfth Judicial District, which partnership existed until De cember, 1904, when it was dissolved by the appointment of his brother to the Superior Court Judgeship. Elected Slate Senator in 1900. Teni porary Chairman of the State Democratic Convention in 1900. Chair man of the Senatorial District in 1896. Chairman of the County Democratic Executive Committee, 1898-1902. Married Miss Willie Simmons, daughter of Dr. W. (i. Simmons, of Wake Forest, \. C

November 1."). 1894. Elected to the Fifty-eighth, Fifty ninth, Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses. Address: Shelby. N. C. 2] l

WILLIAM THOMAS CRAWFORD.

{Tenth District—Counties: Buncombe, Cherokee, Clay, Graham, Haywood, Jackson, McDowell, Macon, Polk, Rutherford, Swain and Transylvania—13 counties. Population, 1900, 178,999.) William Thomas Crawford, Democrat, of Haywood County, was

born June 1, 1856, in Haywood County, N. C. Educated in the public schools and at the Waynesville Academy. Elected to the Legislature in 1884, and re-elected in 188G. Elector on the Cleveland and Thur- man ticket in 188S. Graduated from the law department of the State University in 1890, and obtained license to practice in 1S91, and has since been in the active practice of the law. Married to Miss Inez Coman in 1892. Elected to the Fifty-second and fifty- third Congresses. Defeated for a seat in the Fifty-fourth Congress. Elected to the Fifty-sixth Congress, and on a contest by Richmond Pearson, was unseated by a majority of one vote in the House of Representatives. Defeated for re-election by James M. Moody in 1900. Elector on the Parker and Davis ticket in 1904. Elected to

the Sixtieth Congress. Address : Waynesville. N. C. THE GENERAL ASSEMBLY. 1909.

OFFICERS OF THE SENATE.

WILLIAM CALHOUN NEWLAND.

PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE.

William C. Newland, Democrat, of Caldwell County, was born at

Marion, N. C, October 8, 1858. Son of Dr. J. C. and L. M. (Connelly) Newland. Educated at Marion High School and Finley High School. Graduate of United States Military Academy at West Point. Lawyer. Three times Mayor of Lenoir. Twice a Representative in the Gen- eral Assembly from Caldwell County. Director of State's Prison. Solicitor of Tenth District. Lieutenant-Governor of North Carolina since January 12, 1909. President of State Senate, 1909. Assistant Inspector General, with rank of Captain. Fraternal orders: Masons, Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias. Methodist. Married. 1884, Miss

Jessie Hendry. Four children. Address : Lenoir, N. C.

ALLEN JAY MAXWELL.

PRINCIPAL CLERK OK THE SENATE.

Allen J. Maxwell, Democrat, was born in Duplin County. X. ('.. January 24, 1873. Son of Hugh G. and Nancy S. (.Meredith) .Max well. Educated in city schools of Goldsboro. Manufacturer. Mayor of town of Whiteville, 1898. Member Democratic State Central Com- mittee. Journal Clerk of the State Senate. 1899. Chief Clerk of Court of Impeachment. 1901. Principal Clerk of Slate Senate, L901, 1903. 1905, 1907, 1909. Each time the unanimous nominee of the Dem acratic caucus. Baptist. Clerk Columbus County Association, 1898

»<> Married, 1892. Miss Delia May Ward. Four children. Address: I vor. N. C. 210

SENATORS.

A. P. GODWIN.

(First District.—Counties: Camden, Chowan, Currituck. Gates, Hertford. Pasquotank, Perquimans. Two Senators.) A. P. Godwin, Democrat, of Gates County, was born in September, 1S77. Son of H. D. and Laurenia A. (Jones) Godwin. Educated at Trinity High School, 1898-1S9*); Wake Forest College, B. L., 1900. Lawyer. Cashier of Bank of Gates, 1904. State Senator from First District. 1907, 1909. Committees: Election Law (Chairman), Insane Asylums, Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, Revisal. Methodist. Recording Secretary of Gates Charge for two years. Took an active part in the prohibition campaign of 1908 for State prohibition. Ad- dress : Gatesville, N. C.

EDWIN R. JOHNSON.

(First District.—Counties: Camden, Chowan, Currituck, Gates. Hertford, Pasquotank. Perquimans. Two Senators.) Edwin R. Johnson, Democrat, of Currituck County, was born in Currituck County, N. C. Son of Silas P. and Carolina M. (Coulter* Johnson. Educated at Atlantic Collegiate Institute (Elizabeth City, N. C). Merchant. Chairman Democratic Executive Committee of Currituck County, 1897-1907. Chairman Board of County Commis- sioners, 1905-1908. State Senator from First District, 1909. Commit- tees : Internal Improvements (Chairman), Commerce, Fish and Fisheries, Shellfish, Institution for the Blind. Address: Elizabeth City, N. C.

VAN BUREN MARTIN.

(Second District. —Counties: Beaufort, Dare. Hyde, Martin, Pam- lico, Tyrrell, Washington. Two Senators.) Van Buren Martin, Democrat, of Martin County, was born March

3, 1883. in Northampton County, N. C. Son of J. V. and Ida (Stan- cell) Martin. Educated at Conway High School. 1896-1897; Whitsett 217

1898-1900 Institute, ; Wake Forest College, B. L., 1903. Studied law at Wake Forest College, 1904. Admitted to the Bar. State Senator from Second District, 1909. Committees: Commerce (Chairman), Cor poration Commission, Fish and Fisheries, Game Laws. Railroads, Shellfish, Education, Revisal, Privileges and Elections. Especially interested in the drainage of swamp lands of Eastern Carolina. Ensign in Fourth Division North Carolina Naval Brigade. Episcopalian. Ad dress : Williamston, N. C.

FRED P. LATH A.M.

(Second District.—Counties: Beaufort, Dare. Hyde. Martin, Pam- lico, Tyrrell, Washington. Two Senators.) Fred P. Latham, Democrat, of Beaufort County, was born January 10, 1873. Son of James F. and Mollie A. (Chauncey) Latham. Edu- cated at Bethel, 1889-1890. Farmer. State Senator from Second His trier, 1909. Committees: Shellfish (Chairman), Agriculture, Federal Relations, Fish and Fisheries. Insurance, Institutions for the Blind, Insane Asylums. Especially interested in drainage of swamp lands, and in good roads. Mason. Married, February 22, L895, Miss Eva < >. Johnson. Two children. Address: Washington, N. C.

BENJAMIN STANCELL GAY.

{Third District.—Counties: Bertie and Northampton. Due Sena-

tor. )

Benjamin S. Gay, Democrat, of Northampton Comity, was born near Jackson, N. C, December 13, 1856. Son of Jeremiah and Adelia Frances (Stancell) Gay. Educated at Jackson Male Academy; Rich- mond College, 1876. Studied law under Judge George V. Strong, Raleigh, 1878-1879. Lawyer and firmer. Mayor of Jackson. 1886 1890. Solicitor of County Court, 1882-1886. Elected Justice of County Court, 1886. Representative in General Assembly from Northamp ton County. 1903. State Senator from Third District, L909. Com Com mittees : Constitutional Amendments (Chairman), Corporation 1!1N

mission. Corporations, Education, Immigration,' Institution for the Deaf and Dumb, Propositions and Grievances, Railroads, Revisal. Baptist. Married, November 15, 1888, Miss Annie E. Odom. Ten children. Address: Jackson, N. C.

E. L. TRAVIS.

{Fourth District.—County: Halifax. One Senator.) E. L. Travis, Democrat, of Halifax County. State Senator, 1909. Committees: Insane Asylums (Chairman), Constitutional Amend- ments, Election Law, Judicial Districts, Judiciary, Penal Institutions. Revisal (Chairman). Address: Halifax. N. C.

LUCIUS VIRGINIUS P.ASSETT.

(Fifth District.—County : Edgecombe. One Senator.) Lucius V. Bassett, Democrat, of Edgecombe County, was born at Tarboro, N. C, March 2, 1861; Son of William A. and Chloe (Miller) Bassett. Studied law at University of North Carolina. Lawyer. State Senator from Fifth District, 1909. Committees: Rules (Chair- man), Judiciary, Finance, Appropriations, Counties, Cities and Towns, Election Law, Congressional Apportionment. Mason. Ad-

dress : Rocky Mount, N. C.

ALEXANDER LILLINGTON BLOW.

(SiwtJi District.—County: Pitt. One Senator.) Alexander L. Blow, Democrat, of Pitt County, was horn in Green- ville, N. C, June 29, 1851. Son of Dr. William J. and Dorcas S. (Masters) Blow. Lawyer. Register of Deeds of Pitt County, 1874- 1881. Clerk Superior Court, 1881-1882. Solicitor of Inferior Court. 1883-1884. State Senator from Sixth District. 1903, 1909. Commit- tees: Education (Chairman), Appropriations. Fish and Fisheries. Judicial Districts, Judiciary, Corporations. Methodist. Married. June 11, 1879, Miss Alice M. Montiers. Seven children. Address: Greenville. N. C. 219

BENJAMIN THOMAS HOLDEN. — (Seventh District. Counties: Franklin. Nash, Wilson. Two Sena tors.) Benjamin T. Holden, Democrat, of Franklin County, was born in Franklin County, March 1, 1883. Son of John M. and Maggie A Holden. (Bragg) Educated at Youngsville High School, 1900-1901; Wake Forest College, A. B., 190G, P.. L. 1907. Commencement debater, 1906. Orator, 1906. Lawyer. State Senator from Seventh 1909. District, Committees: 'Library (Chairman). Corporations, Cities and Counties, Towns, Judicial Districts, Judiciary, Revisal, Salaries and Fees (Chairman). Knights of Pythias. Address: Louis burg, N. C.

JOHN D. DAWES.

(Seventh District.—Counties : Franklin. Nash. Wilson. Two Sena tors. )

John D. Dawes, Democrat, of Wilson County. State Senator 1907, 1909. Committees: Penal Institutions (Chairman), Banks and Cur rency, Federal Relations, Finance, Public Roads. Trustees of Univer- sity. Address : Elm City, N. C.

YANCEY T. ORMOND.

(Eighth District.—Counties: Carteret, Craven. Greene, Jones, Lenoir and Onslow. Two Senators.)

Yancey T. Ormond, Democrat, of Lenoir County, was born April 12, 1858. Son of Thomas C. and Margaret A. (Edwards) Ormond. Educated at Carolina Male and Female Academy; Trinity College, A. B., 1S78. Lawyer. Chairman Democratic Executive Committee Second Congressional District, 1899-1890. Chairman Democratic Es ecutive Committee of Eighth Senatorial District, 1902. City Attor ney of Kinston since 1907. Ten years Chairman County Board of Education. State Senator from Eighth District, L907, 1909. Commil tees: Insurance (Chairman). Education, Appropriations, finance, 220

Railroads, Judiciary, Propositions and Grievances, Fish and Fisheries, Shellfish. Fraternal orders: Masons, Knights of Pythias (Chancel- lor Commander). Methodist, Steward, Superintendent of Sunday school. Married, February 26, 1887, Miss Eugenia Mann. Four children. Address: Kinston, N. C.

JOHN W. BURTON.

(Eighth District.—Counties: Carteret, Craven. Greene, Jones. Lenoir and Onslow. Two Senators.) John W. Burton, Democrat, of Onslow County, was born in Ons- low County, April 26, 1867. Son of Stratton and Lucinda (Langley) Burton. Educated at Richlands High School. Banker, merchant and real estate agent. President Bank of Onslow. Twice Mayor of Jacksonville. Clerk of Superior Court of Onslow County. 1898- 1900. State Senator Eighth District. 1907, 1909. Committees: Fish and Fisheries (Chairman), Banking and Currency, Insane Asylums Congressional Apportionment, Salaries and Fees. Shellfish. Mason

Methodist. Married, December. 1899, Miss Minnie Murill. Address :

Jacksonville. X. ('.

JOHN LANGHORNE BARHAM. . — (Ninth District. County: Wayne. One Senator. ) John L. Baeham, Democrat, of Wayne County, was horn at New soms, Ya., January 19, 1S79. Son of James L. and Bettie (Lang home) Barham. Educated at Randolph-Macon Academy (Bedford o1 City. Ya. ) : Randolph-Macon College. Studied law at University Virginia, and at University of North Carolina. Lawyer. City Attor ney of Goldsboro, N. C. State Senator from Ninth District, 1909 Committees: Engrossed Bills (Chairman), Appropriations, Claims Election Law, Insane Asylums, Institution for Deaf and Dumb. Jour nal (Chairman), Privileges and Elections, Railroads, Revisal, En rolled Bills (Chairman). Fraternal orders: Kappa Alpha (colleg fraternity). B. P. O. E. (Exalted Ruler since April. 1908), J. O. U A. M. Episcopalian. Married. April 2ti. 1906, Miss Hannah Dewej

One child. Address : Goldsboro. N. C. 221

EDMUND ALEXANDER HAWKS, Jr. — (Tenth District. Counties: Duplin and Pender. One Senator.)

Edmund A. Hawes, Jr., Democrat, of Pender County, was born at N. Atkinson, C., December 8, 18S0. Son of Edmund A. and Virginia E. (Russ) Hawes. Educated at Whitsett Institute, 1897-1899; Uni- versity of North Carolina, A. B., 1903. Merchant. Representative from Pender County in General Assembly, 1905. State Senator from Tenth District, 1909. Committees: Claims (Chairman), Agriculture, Insane Finance, Asylums, Journal, Penal Institutions, Enrolled Bills, Printing. Episcopalian. Delivered the oration on occasion <>r erec tion of monument in memory of the women of the Revolution at

Moore's Creek Bridge. August 17, 1907. Address : Atkinson, N. C.

BROOKE GWATHMEY EMPIE.

{Eleventh District.—Counties: New Hanover and Brunswick. One

Senator. )

Brooke G. Empie, Democrat, of New Hanover County, was born a)

Wilmington, N. C, November 8, 185G. Son of Adam and Virginia (Gwathmey) Empie. Educated at Bethel Military Academy (War renton, Va.), 1872-1877. Captain Company B. Lawyer. State Sena- tor from Eleventh District, 1905, 1909. Committees: Game Laws (Chairman), Immigration (Chairman), Constitutional Amendments, Penal Institutions, Revisal, Judicial Districts. I. O. O. F. Episco palian. Delivered Confederate Memorial Address at Wilmington,

1907. Married, September 5, 190-1. Mrs. Mary Allen Poisson. Ail aress : Wilmington, N. C. 222

OSCAR LEE CLARK.

(Twelfth I) istrict.—Counties: Bladen and Columbus. One Sena- tor.) Oscar L. Clark, Democrat, of Bladen County, was born at White -Hall, N. C. Son of John H. and Margaret (Currie) Clark. Educated

at Quakeubush School (Laurinburg, N. C), 18S1 ; Bingham Military School, 1881-1882; Davidson College, 18S2-1886. Merchant and manufacturer. President Bladen Land and Lumber Company, Clarkton Planing Mills, the O. L. Clark Company (Clarkton), Clark, McAulay

& Co. (Abbottsburg, N. C.) ; director Bank of Bladen (Clarkton,

N. C.) ; director North Carolina Security Company, of Columbia. S. C. ; President of the Carolina Truckers' Colony Company. State

Senator from Twelfth District, 1909. Committees : Banks and Cur- rency (Chairman), Agriculture, Appropriations, Claims, Engrossed Hills, Immigration, Institution for the Blind, Public Roads. Salaries and Fees. Fraternal orders: Sigma Alpha Epsilon (college fraternity). Masons, Knights of Pythias. 'Presbyterian. Married Miss Cora Lee Withers, 188G. Address: Clarkton. N. C.

DUNCAN PRESTON SHAW.

{Thirteenth District.—County: Robeson. One Senator.) Duncan P. Shaw, Democrat, of Robeson County, was born at Lum- ber Bridge, N. C, July 25, 1S7S. Son of A. L. and Elizabeth (McMil-

lan) Shaw. Educated at Lumber Bridge High School, 1889-189G ; Davidson College, 1899. Studied law at University of North Caro- lina, 1901. Lawyer. State Senator from Thirteenth District, 1909. Committees: Distribution of Governor's Message (Chairman), Cor- porations, Claims, Congressional Apportionment, Immigration, Insti- tution for the Deaf and Dumb. Propositions and Grievances, Enrolled Bills. Knights of Pythias. Presbyterian. Deacon. Married, January

24. 1906, Miss May Rowland. One child. Address : Lumberton, N. C. 223

Q. K. NIMOCKS.

(Fourteenth District.— County: Cumberland. One Senator.) K. Q. Nimocks, Democrat, of Cumberland County. State Senator, 1909. Committees: Propositions and Grievances (Chairman), Con stitutional Amendment, Institution for tbe Deaf, Internal [mprove ments, Judiciary, Shellfish, Justices of the Peace. Address: Fayette ville, N. C.

JAMES OSCAR MATTHEWS.

(Fifteenth District.—Counties: Harnett, Johnston, Sampson. Two

Senators. )

James O. Matthews, Republican, of Sampson County, was born in Sampson County, March 20, 18G8. Son of Benedict and Julia (Pow ers) Matthews. Educated at public schools; University College of Medicine (Richmond, Va.), M. D., 1897. Physician. Coroner of Sampson County, 1902-1906. County Superintendent of Healtb, 190.",. Delegate to Republican State Conventions, 190G, 190S. State Senator from Fifteenth District 1909. Committees: Insane Asylums, En- grossed Bills, Institution for tbe Blind. Shellfish, Printing. Baptist. Married, August 15, 1900. Miss Katie F. Peterson. One child. Ad

dress : Ingold, N. C.

WILLIAM G. TURNER.

(Fifteenth District.—Counties: Harnett, Johnston, Sampson. Two

Senators. )

William G. Turner, Republican, of Harnett County, was born in Johnston County, N. C, April 20. 1855. Son of Simon and Saran (Godwin) Turner. Educated in common schools. Farmer. Senator from Fifteenth District in the General Assembly of 1909. Commit- tees: Public Roads and Turnpikes, Banks and Currency, Election Laws, Pensions and Soldiers' Home. Interested in legislation Jfffed ing election of county officials by the people Baptist. Minister (1890). Married, June 20, 1879, Miss Cornelia E. Williams. Nino children. Address: Dunn. N. C. 224

WILLIAM BRANCH JONES.

(Sixteenth District.—County: Wake. One Senator). William B. Jones, Democrat, of Wake County, was horn in Ra- leigh, X. ('.. June 22, 1880. Son of Armistead and Nannie (Branch) Jones. Educated at Morson and Denson Male Academy, Raleigh,

N. C. : North Carolina A. and M. College ; University of North Caro- lina. Lawyer. Attorney for Board of Education of Wake County. Attorney for Board of Road Commissioners of Wake County. State Senator from Sixteenth District, 1909. Committees: Public Roads (Chairman), Appropriations, Congressional Apportionments, Coun- ties, Cities and Towns, Insane Asylums, Insurance, Judicial Districts. Pensions and Soldiers' Home, Revisal. Fraternal orders: Sigma Nu (college fraternity), Elks, Royal Arcanum. Episcopalian. Married, April 30, 1903, Miss Mary Seaton Hay. One child. Address: Raleigh. X. C.

HENRY T. POWELL.

(Seventeenth District.—Counties: Warren and Vance. One Sena- tor.) Henry T. Powell, Democrat, of Warren County, was horn in Gran- ville County. X. C. 1876. Son of Erastus A. and C. E. (Falkner)

• Powell. Educated at private schools, 188! >-lS!>2 : Trinity College. Studied law at University of North Carolina, 1900. President law class. 1900. Lawyer. City Clerk of Henderson, 1902-1909. State Senator from Seventeenth District. 1909. Committees: Military Af- fairs (Chairman), Banks and Currency, Manufacturing, Institution for the Blind, Insurance, Judicial Districts, Privileges and Elections, Revisal. Especially interested in manufacturing, hanking and good roads legislation. Fraternal orders: Masons, Knights of Pythias,

I. O. O. F., Sigma Nu (college fraternity). Protestant Methodist, Steward since 1901. Married, October 18, 1905, Miss Carlia L. Harris.

One <*hild. Address : Henderson. N. C. 225

JAMES ANDERSON LONG. — (Eighteenth District. Counties : Person and Granville. One Sen- ator.)

James A. Long, Democrat, of Person County, was born in Person County, May 23, 1841. Son of Ratliff and Mary (Watters) Long. in Educated the common schools. Farmer. President of the People's Bank of Roxboro. President Roxboro Cotton Mills (two mills). Overseer Loch Lily Roller, Flour and Grist Mills, Saw .Mills and Planing Mills. Member House of Representatives from Person County, 18S5. State Senator (Person. Caswell, Orange, Durham), 1889. State Senator (Person and Granville. 1901, 1905 and L909. Committees: Finance (Chairman), Banks and Currency, Pensions and Soldiers' Home, Public Health, Education, Agriculture. Manu- facturing, Public Buildings and Grounds. In the Civil War. was Firsl Sergeant Co. H, 24th N. C. Regiment, C. S. A. Major on the staff of Gen. Julian S. Carr, United Confederate Veterans. Methodisl. Trus tee of Trinity College. Chairman Board of Trustees Greensboro Female College. Trustee Methodist Orphanage. Married, 1SS2. Miss Laura R. Thompson. Three children. Address: Roxboro, N. C.

JOHN L. SCOTT, Jr.

(Nineteenth District.—Counties: Alamance. Caswell. Durham. Or- ange. Two Senators.)

John L. Scott, Jk., Democrat, of Alamance County, was born at Graham, N. C. Son of James S. and Margaret Elizabeth (Donnel) Scott. Educated at Graham High School, 1870-1875; Horner and Craves Academy (Hillsboro, N. C), 1875-1877: Davidson College, A. B., 1881. Commencement marshal, representative speaker ai com mencement. President Phi. Society. Manufacturer. State Senator from Nineteenth District, 1909. Committees: Justices of the Peace (Chairman), Banks and Currency, Congressional Apportionment, In- stitution for Deaf and Dumb, Insurance, Judicial Districts, Manufac- turing, Mining, Public Roads, Public Health i chairman i. Fraternal orders: A. F. & A. M., K. of P., G. C, 1902-1903; Supreme Repre- sentative, 1908-1911. Presbyterian Elder. .Married. January '.'. 1884, Miss Fannie L. Brady. Six children. Address: Graham, N. C. 15 226

JAMES SMITH MANNING.

i Nineteenth District. —Counties: Alamance, Caswell. Durham and Orange. Two Senators.)

( James Smith Manning, Democrat, of Durham County, was born June 1. 1S59. Son of John and Louisa Jones (Hall) Manning. Edu- cated at Pittsboro Female Academy (Dr. Sutton) and A. H. Merritt's school; University of North Carolina, A. B., 1879; University of North Carolina Law School. Lawyer. Nominated for Superior Court Judge, 1896. Attorney for City of Durham, 1886-1887. Representa- tive from Durham County in General Assembly of 1907. State Sena- tor from Nineteenth District in 1909. Committees: Judiciary (Chair- man). Constitutional Amendment, Election Laws. Game, Health, Trustees of the University, Railroads. Episcopalian. Married, De- cember 12. 1888, Miss Julia Tate Cain. Six children. Address : Dur- ham. N. C.

WILLIAM B. WRAY.

(Twentieth District.—County: Rockingham. One Senator.) William B. What, Republican, of Rockingham County, was born in Reidsville. N. C. August 12, 18G0. Son of Richard H. and Lucy (Burton) Wray. Educated at Hopgood's High School. Farmer. Commissioner of Town of Reidsville for seventeen years between 1886 and 1908. Sheriff of Rockingham County. 1S95 to 1899. State Senator from Twentieth District, 1909. Committees: Counties, Cities and Towns, Manufactures. Married, June 24. 1884, Miss Carrie Glad- stone. Seven children. Address : Reidsville. N. C.

J. A. BARRINGER.

(Twenty-first District.—County: Guilford. One Senator.) J. A. Barringer. Democrat, of Guilford County. State Senator, 1909. Committees: Judicial Districts (Chairman), Appropriations, Counties. Cities and Towns, Education, Game Laws. Judiciary, Pub- lic Health, Rules. Address: Greensboro, N. C. JONATHAN PEELE.

(Twenty-second District.—Counties: Chatham, .Moore. Richmond, Scotland. Two Senators.) Jonathan Peele, Democrat, of Scotland County, was born at Kill- son, N. C, October 23, 1875. Son of Andrew II. and Nora (Jane) Peele. Educated at Gibson High School, 1890-1896; Trinity College,

A. P.., 1900. Studied law at University of North Carolina. Admitted to the Bar, 1903. Representative in the General Assembly of 1907, from Scotland County, and State Senator from the Twenty-second District in 1909. Committees: Counties, Cities and Towns, Insur- ance. Commerce, Federal Relations. Pensions and Soldiers' Home. Privileges and Elections (Chairman). Revisal. Particularly inl ested in legislation affecting good roads, insane asylums, industrial activity and education. Methodist. Address: Laurinburg, N. C.

ALFRED SETTLE DOCKERY.

(Twenty-second District.—Counties: Chatham, Moore, Richmond,

Scotland. Two Senators, i Alfred Settle Dockery, Democrat, of Richmond County, was born near Rockingham, N. C. Son of Henry and Fannie Settle (Co*

( Oxford. ington) Dockery. Educated at Horner's Military School Forest Studied law at University of North N. C.) ; Wake College. Carolina. Lawyer. State Senator from Twenty-second District. L909. Committees: Corporation Commission (Chairman). Appropriations, Constitutional Amendment, Education, Flection Law. Penal Institu- tions, Privileges and Elections, Revisal. Trustees of University. Bap Address: tist. Married Miss Mary Scales Ledbetter, 1906. Rocking- ham, N. C.

JOSEPH ALBERT SPENCE. and (Twenty-third District.—Counties: Montgomery Randolph. One Senator.) horn Joseph A. Spence, Democrat, of Randolph County, was April and (Reeves) 25, 1869, at Palmersville, X. C. Son ofDaniel Margarel Institute: Union Insti- Spence. Educated at Yadkin Mineral Springs 228 lute. 1889; Bain Academy, 1891; University of Nashville, 1891-1893; University of North Carolina, 1895-1896. Studied law at University of North Carolina, 1900. Lawyer. County Superintendent of Schools el' Stanly County, 1898. Clerk in office of United States Engineer at Charleston, S. C. Member State Democratic Executive Committee, 190G-1908. State Senator from Twenty-third District. 1909. Commit- tees : Mining (Chairman), Constitutional Amendment, Counties, Cities and Towns, Federal Relations. Insane Asylums, Institution for the Blind, Revisal, Trustees of the University, Propositions and Grievances. Knights of Fythias. Methodist. Address: Ashboro, N. C.

GEORGE FOSTER HANKINS.

(Twenty-fourth District. —Counties: Anson, Davidson. Stanly and Union. Two Senators.) George Foster Hankins, Democrat, of Davidson County, was born at Ruffin, N. C, November 23, 1870. Son of J. J. and Melissa R. (Mill- ner) Hankins. Attended private school at Lexington, N. C, till 1885. Entered Wake Forest College, 1S90; left college without graduation, 1892. General broker. Member of House of Representatives from Davidson County, 1905 and 1907. State Senator from Twenty-fourth District. 1909. Committees: Public Buildings and Grounds (Chair- man), Appropriations, Finance, Education, Counties, Cities and Towns". Takes especial interest in good road building. Lieutenant-

Colonel on staff of Governor Glenn. Fraternal orders : Masons, Odd

Fellows, Knights of Pythias. Baptist. Address : Lexington, N. C.

JAMES ALENANDER LOCKHART.

(Twenty-fourth District.—Counties: Anson, Davidson, Stanly and Union. Two Senators.) James A. Lockhart, Democrat, of Anson County, was born Novem-

ber 1, 1881, at Wadesboro, N. C. Son of James Alexander and Caro- lina Burgwin (Ashe) Lockhart. Educated in Wadesboro schools: University of North Carolina, A. P.., 1000. Studied law at University 229 of North Carolina. Lawyer. State Senator from Twenty-fourth Dis- trict, 1909. Committees: Institution for Deaf and Dumb (('hair man). Judiciary, Revisal, Corporations, Congressional Apportion ment, Trustees of University, Privileges and Elections. Mason. Epis- copalian. Address: Wadesboro, N. C.

PAUL BARRINGER MEANS.

{Twenty-fifth District.—Counties: Cabarrus. Mecklenburg. Two Senators.) Paul B. Means, Democrat, of Cabarrus County, was born in Cabar- rus County, N. C, April 7, 1S45. Son of W. C. and Catherine .lane (Barringer) Means. Educated at Concord Academy; High School of

Rev. Alexander Wilson (Melville, Alamance County, N. C.) ; Univer- sity of North Carolina, A. B., 1868. Studied law under Judge R. M. Pearson at Richmond Hill, N. C. Admitted to Bar, 1S70. Delegate to National Democratic Convention, 1872, 1880, 1888, 1892, 1904, L908. Delegate to Centennial Celebration of Washington's Inauguration,

s. 1889. Representative in General Assembly of North Carolina. 1 7 I 1875, in which he was the author of the no-fence law, as it now exists in North Carolina. (Chapter 80, Acts 1874-'75, page 72.) Trustee of

University of North Carolina continuously since December 1. L873. State Senator, 1SS5, 1889, and from Twenty-fifth District, 1909. Com mittees : Corporations, Governors .Message, Education, Internal lm provements, Judiciary, Pensions and Soldiers' Home, Railroads. Trus tees of University. Volunteered as private in C pany 1', Fifth X. C. Cavalry, Sixty-third N. C. Regiment, C. S. A. Courier at headquarters of Gen. Rufus Barringer, 1864. Colonel on stall's of Governor Vance and Governor Jarvis. Author: History of the Sixty third North Carolina Regiment (North Carolina Regiments, 1861-18G5, edited by Walter Clark)- Married. November 27, 1894, Mrs. Moselle Partee (Foard) Ross. Address: Concord, X. C. 230

HENRY NEAL PHARR.

(Ttcenty-flftJi District.—Counties: Cabarrus, Mecklenburg. Two Senators.) Henry N. Pharr, Democrat, of Mecklenburg County, was born October 26, 1865, al Statesville, ft. C. Son of Walter W. and Emily

s. i in Neal) Pharr. Educated schools of Mecklenburg County : David- son College, A. B., 1887. Studied law at University of North Caro- lina, 18S9. Lawyer. State Senator from Twenty-fifth District. 1903,

1907, 1909. Committees: Corporations i Chairman), Judiciary. In- surance, Banks and Currency, Public Roads, Counties, Cities and Towns. Presbyterian. Married Miss Bettie Yates, 1S90. Widower since 1899. One child. Address: Charlotte, N. C.

WHITEHEAD KLUTTZ.

(Twenty-sixth District. —County: Rowan. One Senator.) Whitehead Kluttz, Democrat, of Rowan County, was born at Salisbury. N. C, September 27, 1881. Son of Theodore F. and Sallie

I Caldwell) Kluttz. Educated at Presbyterian High School I Salis- bury. N. C). 1888-1890: Church High School (Salisbury. N. C). 1890-1898; University of North Carolina, LL. P... 1902. Intersociety and intercollegiate debater. Editor-in-chief of Tar licet. Editor of University Magazine. YYasbington"s Birthday Orator. Studied law at University of North Carolina. 1902. Lawyer. United States Sen- ate correspondent of Netc York American. 1904. Delegate to Triennial Meeting National Society of the Sons of the Revolution. State Sena- tor from Twenty-sixth District. 1907-1909. President pro tent of Sen- ate. 1909. Committees: Counties. Cities- and Towns (Chairman), Judiciary. Education, Congressional Apportionment, Mining. Trustees of State University. Especially interested in legislation affecting good roads, guaranty of bank deposits, tire protection in public buildings, pensions for Confederate soldiers and public high schools. Fra- ternal orders: Sigma Nu (college fraternity), .Masons, District Dep-j uty Grand Chancellor of Knights of Pythias. J. (). U. A. M. Member Sons of the Revolution. Presbyterian. President Men's Society of Presbyterian Church, 1908. Frequent contributor to journals and periodica] literature. Has delivered numerous literary, educational and fraternal addresses. Address: Salisbury, N. C. 231

HENRY R. STARBUCK. — (Twenty-seventh District County : Forsyth. One Senator.) Henry R. Stakbuck, Republican, of Forsyth County, was born An gust 15, 1SG6, in Winston-Salem. X. ('. Son of I>. II. and Ellen

(Blickenderfer) Starbuck. Educated at Salem I'.oys' School; Univer sity of North Carolina, A. B., 1887. Lawyer. Superior Court Judge. 1895-1903. State Senator from Twenty-seventh District, 1909. Com-

mittees : Judiciary, Corporation Commission. Judicial I >ist rids. Fro eral Relations, Game Laws, Library, Public Buildings and -Grounds, of Trustees the University. Moravian. .Married. November 6, 1890, Miss Nannie Lee Agurs. Four children (all dead). Address: Win ston-Salem, N. C.

JOHN MOREHEAD REYNOLDS.

(Twenty-eighth District.—Counties: Stokes and Surry. One Sena tor.) John M. Reynolds, Republican, of Stokes County, was born Novem- ber 15. 18GG, in Rockingham County. N. ('. Son of James Turner and Elnora (Gosnell) Reynolds. Educated in public schools. Fanner. Census taker. 1900. Treasurer Stokes County. 1902-1906. Stat.' Sena- tor from Twenty-eighth District, 190!). Committees: Agriculture, Claims, Immigration. Especially interested in legislation concerning public schools. Methodist; Steward since 1902. Married. November

15, 1892, Miss Lottie Dalton Wall. Address: Madison. X. C, R. F. 1 >. No. 3.

WILLIAM M. LEE.

(Twenty-ninth District.—Counties: Davie. Wilkes. Yadkin. One Senator.)

William M. Lee, Republican, of Wilkes County, was born near Wilkesboro, N. G, March G. 1X47. Son of Jesse G. and Elizabeth (Holland) Lee. Educated in public schools. Preacher and teacher. Township Clerk. Justice of the Peace. Representative in General Assembly of North Carolina from Wilkes County. 1893. Census taker, 1880. 1890. 1900. State Senator from Twenty ninth District. 232

L909. Committees: Internal Improvements, Penal Institutions, Sala- ries and Fees. Public Roads. Fraternal orders: A. F. & A. M., Chap- lain, Secretary, Junior Warden, Worshipful Master, and I. O. O. F., Chaplain and Treasurer. Baptist; Clerk; Deacon; Pastor; Mission- ary. Married, December 10, 1868, Miss Eliza Mickeal. Six cbildren. Address: Summit N. C.

ZEBULON VANCE LONG.

(Thirtieth District.—County : Iredell. One Senator.)

Zebulox" V. Long. Democrat, of Iredell County, was born March 11, 1877, near Statesville, N. C. Son of Dr. John Fletcher and Mary Susan (Cowan) Long. Educated at public schools, graded schools of Statesville and Statesville Male Academy. Studied law at University of North Carolina. 1899-1900. Orator of law class. 1900. Admitted to the Bar. February. 1900. Private Secretary to Theodore Kluttz, M. C. State Senator from Thirtieth District. 1905. 1907, 1909. Com- mittees: Appropriations (Chairman), Game Laws, Agriculture, Judi- ciary, Military Affairs. Propositions and Grievances, Justices of the Peace. Especially interested in legislation affecting temperance, education, charitable institutions. J. (). U. A. M. Methodist; Steward. Has delivered a number of educational, political and temperance addresses. Married, January 2, 1908, Miss Isabel Hill Scott. Address: Statesville. N. C.

JOSEPH D. ELLIOTT.

(Thirty-first District.—Counties: Catawba and Lincoln. One Sena- tor. ) Joseph D. Elliott, Democrat, of Catawba County, was born De- cember 17, 18."). at Laurens, S. C. Son of Hiram C. and A. (Duck- worth) Elliott. Educated at Statesville High School, 1871-1872. Con- tractor. Vice-President First National Bank of Hickory, 1890-190S. Vice-President Hickory Manufacturing Company. Hickory Furniture Company. Hickory Hosiery Mills. President Piedmont Wagon Works.

Member Southern Manufacturers' Club (Charlotte. N. C.) ; Hickory Club. Vice-President Hickory Chamber of Commerce. Mayor of Hickory. 1890-1895, 1004-190G, 1907. County Commissioner. 1902- 1903. State Senator from Thirty-first District. 1909. Committees: Institution for the Blind (Chairman), Corporation Commission, In- surance, Internal Improvements, Manufacturing. Fraternal orders: W. I. Masons, M., 1902; O. O. F., Knights of Pythias, Knighl Templar, Shrine. Baptist; Deacon since 1898. Married Miss Mary Elliott. Three children. Address: Hickory, N. C.

WILLIAM THOMAS LOVE.

( Thirty-second District.—County : Gaston. One Senator.) William T. Love, Democrat, of Gaston County, was born Septem ber 9, 1859. in Gaston- County, X. C. Son of Samuel Wilson and Ann (Tarrence) Love. Educated in common schools. Cotton manufac turer. Mayor of Mount Holly, 1889. Mayor of Gastonia, L901-1902. Sheriff of Gaston County, 1897-1900. Member of House of Represents fives from Gaston County, 1903. Senator from Thirty-second District, 1909. Committees: Manufacturing (Chairman), Congressional Ap portionment, Corporation Commission', Corporations, Engrossed Bills, Railroads. Member of Knights of Pythias, J. O. U. A. M. Presby terian; Deacon, 1895. Married, July 3. 1907, Miss Elizabeth Horton.

One child. Address : Gastonia, N. C.

McDUFFIE RAY.

(Thirty-third District.—Counties: Cleveland, Henderson. Polk,

Rutl lerford. Two Senators. ) t McDuffie Ray, Democrat, of Henderson County, was born in Transylvania County, June 28, 1871. Son of William C. and Martha M. (Galloway) Ray. Educated in public schools; Judson College (Hendersonville, N. C), 1893. Studied law at University of North Carolina, 1896. Lawyer. Mayor of Hendersonville, 1898. Member of Board of Education of Henderson County, 1901-1903. County Su perintendent of Schools. 1905-1909. State Senator from Thirty-third District. 1909. Committees: Congressional Apportionmenl (Chair- man), Corporations. Revisal, Education, Counties, Cities and Towns.

Married Miss Elsie M. Hagnor, 1902. One child. Address: I lender sonville, N. C. 234

JOHN CRATON MILLS.

(Thirty-third District.—Counties: Cleveland, Henderson, Polk. Rutherford. Two Senators.)

John C. Mills, Democrat, of Rutherford County, was born Sep- tember 20, 1874, at Rutberfordton, N. C. Son of George H. and Mary (Craton) Mills. Educated at Rutberfordton Public Schools, 1880- 1890. Banker. President Rutberfordton Board of Trade. Chairman County Democratic Executive Committee since 1904. Member State Democratic Executive Committee. State Senator from Thirty-third District. 1909. Committees: Railroads (Chairman). Finance, Ap- propriations, Banks and Currency, Pensions. Knights of Pythias. State Treasurer of Grand Lodge since 1903. Methodist. Married* October 25, 1894. Miss Nora Poole. Four children. Address: Rutb- erfordton, N. C.

SAMUEL ALEXANDER McCALL.

(Thirty-fourth District.—Counties: Alexander. Burke. Caldwell, McDowell. Two Senators.) Samuel A. McCall. Republican, of Burke County, was born in Mc- Dowell County, N. C, in 1845. Son of James W. and Louisa McCall. Educated at Greenlee Academy, 1867. Farmer, merchant. State Sen- ator from Thirty-fourth District, 1909. Committees: Agriculture, Appropriations, Insane Asylums, Public roads. Married, 1879. Miss Julia Wilson. Three children. Address: Gibbs. N. C.

JOHN CASWELL SHERRILL.

(Thirty-fourth District.—Counties: Alexander, Burke, Caldwell, McDowell. Two Senators.) John C. Sherrill, Republican, of Caldwell County, was born in

Caldwell County, November 5, 1878. Son of William and Sarah Sher- rill. Educated at Lenoir Academy. 1902-1903; Wake Forest College; Appalachian Training School. 1904. Teacher. Member Caldwell Teachers' Association. State Senator from Thirty-fourth District, 1909. Committees: Institution for Deaf and Dumb, Counties, cities and Towns. Military Affairs, Journal, Enrolled Bills. Especially interested in educational legislation and pensions. Baptist. Presidenl Baptist Sunday School Association. 1904-1907. Married Miss Bessie Hill Oxford, December 15, 1907. Address: Lenoir, X. C.

ROBERT LEE DOUGHTON.

(Thirty-fifth District.—Counties: Alleghany. Ashe. Watauga. One

Senator. )

Robert L. Dotjghton, Democrat, of Alleghany County, was born a1 Laurel Springs, Alleghany Comity. X. C. Son of J. II. and Rebecca s (Jones) Doughton. Educated at Laurel Springs High School, l >l 1890. Farmer, stock-raiser, merchant, manufacturer. State Senator from Thirty-fifth District. 1909. Committees: Agriculture (Chair man), Finance. Corporation Commission, Institution for Deaf and Dumb. Especially interested in good roads, good schools and larger pensions for Confederate soldiers. Baptist. Married, November 16, 189S. Mrs. Lillie (Strieker) Hix. Four children. Address: Laurel Springs, N. C. • -

JAMES FRANK TILSOX. one (Thirty-sixth District.—Counties : Madison. Mitchell, Yancey,

Senator. ) horn in J. Frank Tilson. Republican, of .Madison County, was Tennessee, December 21, 185G. Son of William E. and Katherine (Sams) Tilson. Educated at Peabody School (Flag Pond, Tenn.), 1871-1875. Attended college at Jonesboro, Tenn., 1879. Presidenl of College Debating Society. College debater at .lose of college year. Farmer and merchant. President Mars Hill (X. C.) College, 1879 1881. Trustee. County Superintendent of Schools of Madison County. 1884-1890. State Senator from Thirly-sixl h District, 1909. Commil tees: Distribution of Governor's Message. Education, Agriculture. Pensions and Soldiers' Home, .lust ices of the Peace. Mason, Grand 23G

Sword Iiearor of Grand Lodge of North Carolina. 1897-1890. Baptist.

Eight years Clerk of the French Broad Association. 1S87-189G ; six years Moderator, 1897-1901, 1907-190S ; Deacon. Married, August 10, 1881, Miss Bedia D. Ramsey. Eight children. Address: Marshall, N. C, R. F. D. 2.

JAMES JEFFERSON BRITT.

(Thirty-seventh District.—County: Buncombe. One Senator.) James J. Bkitt, Republican, of Buncombe County, was born in Car- ter County. Tenn., March 4, 1861. Son of James J. and Nancy J. (Un- derwood) Britt. Educated in public and private schools of his native county. Studied law at University of North Carolina. Lawyer. Member North Carolina Bar Association. Member State Republican Executive Committee. Delegate to National Republican Convention. 1904. State Senator from Thirty-seventh District, 1909. Commit- tees : Education, Finance, Insurance. Revisal. Constitutional Amend- ment, Congressional Apportionment, Privileges and Elections, Propo- sitions and Grievances. Favors election of county school boards In popular vote, and Australian ballot system. Interested in educational legislation. Fraternal orders : Masons. Odd Fellows, Pythians, J. O. U. A. M., Royal Arcanum. Baptist. Has delivered addresses* "The Enlargement of Federal Powers," Asheville. 1907; •The Life and Character of Andrew Johnson," Greenville. Tenn., July 4, 1908. Married Miss Mary J. Mosley. Seven children. Address: Asheville. N. C.

A. M. FRY.

(TMrty-eightJi District. —Counties: Haywood. Jackson, Swain and Transylvania. One Senator.) A. M. Fry, Democrat, of Swain County. State Senator. 190!). Com- mittees : Federal Relations (Chairman), Agriculture. Banks and Cur- rency. Commerce, Insane Asylums, Judicial Districts, Judiciary, Prop- ositions and Grievances, Railroads. Address: Bryson City. N. C. 23 7

WILLIAM J. WEST.

{Thirty-ninth District.—Counties : Cherokee. Clay, Graham, Macon. One Senator.)

William J. West, Republican, of Macon County, was born a1 Wes1 Mills, N. C, November 1G, 1S62. Son of William M. and Nannie

(Dobison) West. Educated at Franklin (N. C.) High Scl I. Farmer, merchant, miller. Postmaster at West Mills, 1900-1904. Deputy on Secret Service Force. Deputy Internal Revenue Collector for Western North Carolina. State Senator from Thirty-ninth Dis trict, 1909. Committees: Appropriations, Fish and Fisheries. Institu- tion for the Blind, Mining, Railroads. Fraternal orders: Odd Fel- lows, J. O. U. A. M. Methodist. Widower. Seven children. Ad dress : Franklin, N. C.

OFFICERS OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

AUGUSTUS W. GRAHAM.

SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Augustus W. Graham, Democrat, of Granville County, was burn in Hillsboro, N. C, June 18, 1849. Son of William A. and Susan (Washington) Graham. Lawyer. Began practice at Hillsboro, afterwards at Oxford. Chairman Democratic Executive Committee of orange County. Secretary of the Board of Arbitration of the Vir- ginia-Maryland Boundary Dispute. Director of the North Carolina Railroad. Many years Trustee of University of North Carolina. Chairman County Board of Education of Granville County. Ap pointed by Governor Elias Carr Judge of Superior Court. Resigned from to resume practice of law. Representative in General Assembly Granville County, 1901. 1003, 1005, 1000. Speaker of House of Repre- sentatives, 1909. Baptist. Married Miss Lucy Horner, November

!6, 1876. Address, Oxford, N. C. 238

THEODORE GETTY S COBB,

CHIEF CLERK OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

Theodore O. Cobb, Democrat, of Burke County, was born May 9, 18G7, at Newton, N. C. Son of R. A. and Matilda (Falls) Cobb. Edu- cated at private schools of Morganton, 1875-3881. Editor. Alderman of town of Morganton. Mayor, 1903-1004. Chief Clerk of House, L909. Fraternal orders: Knights of Pythias. Odd Fellows, J. O. U. A. M. (State Councillor Junior Order. 190G). Historian North Carolina Press Association, 1907-1908. Historical address before the North Carolina Press Association at Charlotte, 190S. Married Miss .Martha Ella Kincaid. December 14. 1887. Six children. Address: Morganton. N. C.

MEMBERS.

JOHN ALFRED PICKETT.

John Alfred Pickett, Republican, of Alamance County, was born in Randolph County, N. C, March 15. 1863. Son of A. W. and Elizabeth (Davis) Pickett. Educated at public schools and high schools of his county. University of Tennessee, M. D.. 1804. Physician. Member' of State Medical Society, ex-Yice-President of Alamance County Med ical Society. Member Fifth District Congressional Committee. Rep-j resentative in from Alamance 1907. General Assembly County, 1909J

Committees: Health, Insane* Asylums. Fraternal orders : I. O. O. F.,

J. O. U. A. M.. K. R. S. in K. of P. Methodist-Protestant ; Trustee. Married, August 21. 1900, Miss Martha V. Nicholson. One child. Ad dress: Burlington, N. C.

WILL LINNEY.

Will Lixney, Republican, Representative from Alexander. Ad dress: Tavlorsville. N. C. 239

RUFUS A. DOUGHTON. Rufus A. Doughton, Democrat, of Alleghany County, was born in N. Alleghany County, C, January lit. 1857. S< f J. Horton and Rebecca (Jones) Doughton. Educated ai [ndependence (Va.) High School. 1876-18.77; University of North Carolina. Studied law al University of North Carolina. 1880. Lawyer, farmer and banker. President of Bank of Sparta. Attorney for the North Carolina Kail- road. Representative from Alleghany County in the General Assem- bly, 1887, 1889, 1891, 1903, 1907 and 1909. Lieutenant-Governor, 1903 1907. Speaker of the House, 1891. Representative in the General A- sembly from Alleghany County. 1909. Committees: Courts and .Judi- cial Districts (Chairman). Judiciary. Education. Appropriations. Fraternal order: Masons. Methodist. Married, January ::. 1883, Miss Sue B. Parks. Two children. Address: Sparta, N. C.

THOMAS C. COXE.

Thomas C. Coxe, Democrat, of Anson County, was horn al Liles- ville, N. C, July ir>, 1875. Son of William J. and Pattie (Barringer) Coxe. Farmer and real estate agent. Notary Public. Town Coin missioner of Wadesboro, X. C. Representative in General Assembly from Anson County. 1909. Committees: Agriculture, Counties. Cities and Towns, Engrossed Bills. Institutions for the Blind, Public Roads and Turnpikes. Methodist; Steward. Married. January 2, 1901, .Miss krmantine McAlister. Four children. Address: Wadesboro, NT. C.

THOMAS C. BOWIE.

Thomas C. Bowie, Democrat, of Ashe County, was born in Louisi- ana, July 27. 187G. Son of John It. and Frances (Calloway) Bowie.

Educated at Moravian Falls, 1892; Trap Hill, 1893; Booneville, 189-4 : Mars Hill College. 1804; University of North Carolina, Ph. B., 1899. Received Declaimer's .Medal: W. P. Manguin Medal. Intercollegiate Debater against University of Georgia. Studied law al Vale Univer sity, 1900. Lawyer. Presidential Elector, 1904. Representative in the General Assembly from Ashe County, 1909. Committees: Federal 240

Relations (Chairman), Fish and Fisheries, Judiciary No. 2, Finance. Propositions and Grievances, Claims, Public Roads and Turnpikes. Fraternal orders: Masons, Odd Fellows. -Episcopalian. Married.

.May 8, 1906, Miss Jean Davis. One child. Address: Jefferson. N. ('.

FRANK R. HOOKER.

Frank R. Hooker, Democrat, of Beaufort County, -was born in < 'raven County. X. C, April P.). 1854. Son of Henry II. and Hannah (Twiford) Hooker. Educated in common schools. Farmer. County Commissioner, 1880, 1S87, 1889. 1890. Assistant Enrolling Clerk in the General Assembly of 1899. Clerk to Judiciary Committee of House of Representatives in 1905. Representative in General Assem- bly. IS'.).',. t00?». 3907, 1909. Committees: Fish and Fisheries (Chair- man). Engrossed Rills, Public Service Corporations, Insane Asylums. Fraternal order: Masons, W. M. of Pamlico Lodge. -Methodist; Steward. Superintendent of Sunday school. Trustee. Married, No- vember 24, 1X74. Miss Emma Rives. Six children. Address: Idalia, X. C.

JOHN FRANKLIN LATHAM. John Franklin Latham. Democrat, of Beaufort County, Avas horn at Rath, X. C, April 3, 18b!). Son of John W. and Elizabeth Latham. Educated at Centerville Academy, I887-18S8. Farmer. Justice of the Peace since 1901. Representative in General Assembly from Beau- fort County, 1009. Committees: Agriculture, Oyster Interests. Cor- poration Commission. Liquor Traffic, Justices of the Peace. Espe- cially interested in legislation affecting good roads and good schools. Fraternal order: Charitable Brotherhood of North Carolina, of which he is Secretary, Vice-President and District Marshal. Church of Christ; Elder; Superintendent of Sunday school; Chairman of Official Board and President of District Convention, now serving second term; district contains eight counties in the eastern part of the State. Delivered address before Sunday School Convention at Wash- ington, N. C, in 1908; subject, "How to Make the Sunday School a Success in the Country Church." Married, December IS, 1S89, Miss T Rhoda E. Oden. Four children. Address: Washington. X . C. 241

A. S. RASCOE.

A. S. Rascoe, Democrat, of Bertie County, was bom in Bertie County. N. C. March 12, 1855. Son of John P. and Martha (Bond) Rascoe. Educated in private schools, 1863-1868, Bertie Academy, 1868-1871. Farmer and real estate dealer. Has been Vice-Presiden1 arid Director of Bank of Windsor for sonic years. Mayor of Wind- sor, 1876-1893; member of Town Council of Windsor since 1805. Chairman of Democratic Executive Committee of Bertie County. Representative in General Assembly, 1893, 1895, 1909. Committees: Banks and Currency (Chairman), Finance, Fish and Fisheries, Came, Inauguration, Penal Institutions, Corporations. Insurance, Appropria- tions, Public Buildings and Grounds. Baptist. Married. October 17. 1ST!'.. .Miss Lizzie Gillam. Ten children. Address: Windsor, N. C.

GASTON D. PERRY.

Gaston D. Perry, Democrat, of Bladen County, was born in Bladen County. X. C. March 30, 1856. Son of Andrew II. and Adeline X. Perry. Educated in common schools. Farmer. Representative in General Assembly from Bladen County, 1909. Committees: Institu- tions for the Blind, Enrolled Bills, Federal Relations. Interested in legislation for raising revenue for public schools. Presbyterian. Mar- ried. January, 1881, Miss Katherine Meares. Nine children. Address : Elizabethtown, X. C.

CHARLES EDWARD TAYLOR.

Charles Edward Taylor, Republican, of Brunswick County, was born in Town Creek, X. C, September 15, L875. Son of Edward W. and Sarah E. (Mercer) Taylor. Educated at Bladenboro High Caro- School, Southport Collegiate Institute, and University of North lina law school, 1903-1004. Editor of Southport Standard, 1807 to 10(i4. Lawyer since 1004. Register of Deeds of Brunswick County, 1000-1003. Representative in General Assembly from Brunswick County, 100.", 1907, 1909. Committees: Judiciary No. 1. Propositions

16 242 and Grievances, Salaries and Fees, Oyster Interests, Fish and Fish- eries, Public Buildings and Grounds. Interested in legislation affecting legalized primaries and State inspection of official records at county seats. Fraternal orders : Pythagoras Lodge 249, A. F. & A. M.,

P. M. since 1905, now Master ; member Fort Johnston Council 27, J. O. U. A. M. Methodist. President Epworth League, 1906-1 90S.

Address : Southport, N. C.

RUSSELL JONES GASTON.

Russell Jones Gaston, Democrat, of Buncombe County. Son of Josiah Perry and Martha Elvira (Jones) Gaston. Educated at Weaverville College. Merchant, farmer, manufacturer. Chairman Board of County Commissioners, 1898-1902, and 1904. Served on County Board of Education, 1907. Representative in General Assem- bly, 1907, 1909. Committees : Claims, Corporations, Health, Immigra- tion, Insane Asylums, Institutions for the Blind. Fraternal orders: Odd Fellows No. 211, Kuights of Pythias No. 106. Methodist. Super- for intendent of Sunday school for twelve years ; Steward twelve years. Married. August 15, 1881, Miss Ida Sue Harkins. Seven children. Address : Hominy, N. C.

ZEBULON WEAVER.

Zebulon Weaver. Democrat, of Buncombe County, was born at Weaverville. N. C, May 12, 1872. Son of William E. and Hannah E. (Baird) Weaver. Educated at Preparatory School of Weaverville A. 1S89. Studied law at College ; Weaverville College, B., University of North Carolina Law School. 1894. Lawyer. Representative in General Assembly from Buncombe County. 1907. 1909. Committees: Corporation Commission (Chairman). Corporations. Judiciary, Edu- cation. Finance, Insurance, Privileges and Elections, Claims, Military

Affairs. Fraternal order : Knights of Pythias, was Chancellor ComJ inander of Pisgah Lodge No. 32, at Asheville. also Representative in! Grand Lodge. Methodist. Married. October 11, 1899, Miss Anna C

Hvman. Four children. Address : Asheville, N. C. 243

THOMAS LOCKE SIGMON.

Thomas Locke Sigmon, Democrat, of Burke County, was born in Alexander County, N. C, March 9, 1ST:!. Son of Andrew and Mary M. (Teague) Sigmon. Educated at Granite Falls and Amherst Academies, 1S95-1899, and Rutherford College, three years. Business manager of the College Journal, the X-Ray. Real estate and insur auce agent. Chairman and Treasurer of the Carnegie Free Library Commission at Rutherford College, N. C. Mayor of Rutherford Col lege, 1905-1908. Representative in General Assembly from Burke County, 1909. Committees: Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb. In- surance, and others. Interested in legislation affecting education and prohibition. Baptist; Deacon. 1905-1909. Married, June 5, 1898, Miss Tilley. Four children. Taught school for ten years. Address: Morganton, X. C.

FIIETTE SINCLAIR WILLIAMS.

Hiette Sinclair Williams, Republican, of Cabarrus County, was born at East Bend, N. C, March 3, 1872. Son of J. F. and Sarah L. (Patterson) Williams. Educated at Union High School, 1899-1902; Guilford College, B. S.. 1905. Studied law at Wake Forest Law School. Admitted to the Bar, 1890. Attorney for Board of Commissioners of Cabarrus County. President Guilford College Alumni Association. 1908. Representative in General Assembly from Yadkin County. 1899, and from Cabarrus County, 1909. Committees: Judiciary No. 2, Constitutional Amendment, Enrolled Bills. Mines and Mining. Quaker. Married, September 25, 1907, Miss Ethel Reavis. <>nc child. Address: Concord, N. C.

MOSES N. HARSHAW.

Moses N. IIarshaw, Republican, of Caldwell County, was horn at Collettsville, N. C, July 6, 1850. Son of J. N. and M. E. IIarshaw. Educated at common and subscription schools. Studied law under Lieutenant-Governor W. C. Newland and Judge A. C. Avery. Law yer. Postmaster at Collettsville and at Lenoir. Solicitor for elghl 244 m years. Served two terms in the General Assembly. Representative the General Assembly from Caldwell County, 1907. 1909. Committees: and Griev- Rules, Pensions, Judiciary, Appropriations, Propositions ances. Interested in legislation affecting pensioning old soldiers. Fraternal order: I. O. O. F. Baptist. Married, in 1875, Miss Mary Macon Michaux. Two children. Address: Lenoir. N. C.

JAMES EDWARD COOKE. .

James Edward Cooke, Democrat, of Camden County, was born A. at Aulander, in Bertie County, February 14, 1874. Son of Richard and Sallie Ann (Saunders) Cooke. Educated at Woodland, 1894- 1897-1898. 180"); Winton High School. Farmer. Town Constable, Justice of the Peace of Shiloh Township, Camden County. Repre- sentative in General Assembly from Camden ,County, 1909. Commit- and tees: Propositions and Grievances. Institutions for the Deaf edu- Dumb, Library (Chairman). Interested in legislation affecting cation and drainage. Baptist. Superintendent of Sunday school, E. Ad- 1902-1003. Married, September 7, 180S, Miss Minnie Bray. dress: Indiantown, N. C.

CHARLES SLOVER WALLACE.

Charles Slover Wallace, Democrat, of Carteret County, was born and at Portsmouth, N. C, December 2, 18G4. Son of Robert Sally dealer in Ann (Willis) Wallace. Manufacturer of ice and wholesale of bank. fish and oysters. President of ice company. Vice President 1899-1909. Member and Director of Chamber of Commerce (More- in bead City). Mayor of Morebead City. 1896-1908. Representative General Assembly from Carteret County, 1909. Committees: Fish and Fisheries, Shellfish, Corporation Commission. Military Affairs, Enrolled Bills. Fraternal orders: Masons. Odd Fellows (Noble of Grand), K. of P., N. H. Methodist. Superintendent Sunday school and Trustee, 1887-1909. Married, December 18. 1890, Miss Nina G. Webb. Three children. Address: Morebead City, N. C. 24.1

ARCHIBALD ERSKINE BENDERSON.

Archibald Erskine Henderson, Democrat, of Caswell County, was born at Williainsboro, Granville County, X. C, July 20, 1843. So"n of William Farrar and Agnes Frances Eliza (Hare) Benderson. Edu- cated at private school of Dr. Alexander Wilson, is.l4-l.sr,'.); Univer sity of North Carolina. Received first honors (luring college course. Lawyer. County Superintendent of Public Schools. Representative in General Assembly from Caswell County, 1909. Committees: Ap propriations, Constitutional Amendment, Courts and Judicial D triets, Education. Insurance. Judiciary No. 1. Tensions (Chairman), Public Buildings and Grounds. Married, in L880, Miss Alice II. John- ston. Three children. Address: Yanceyville, X. C.

JOHN YATES KILLIAX.

John Yates Killian, Republican, of Catawba County, was born

October 5, 1875. Son of William L. and Eva (Baker) Killian. Kiln cated at Lenoir College (Hickory. X. C), A. B. 1898. Valedictorian of the class. Nurseryman. Member of Southern Nurserymen's Asso- ciation. County Surveyor at 21 years of age. Representative in the General Assembly from Catawba Comity. 1909. Committees: En- rolled Bills, Engrossed Bills, Immigration,. Institutions tor the Deaf and Dumb, Education. Interested in legislation to place county officers on salary; election of County Board of Education by direct vote; good roads. Fraternal order: Mason. Junior Warden (now) of Newton Lodge No. 248. Baptist. Address: Newton, X. c.

ROLAND HEADEN BAYES.

Roland Headen Hayes. Democrat, of Chatham County, was born A. in Moore County, N. C, December 4, 1868. Son of William and Mary C. (Roberts) Hayes. Educated in common schools; ai Guil- ford College. 1888-1890; University of North Carolina. 1891-1802. Studied law at University of North Carolina Caw Scl I. Lawyer. 246

Member North Carolina Bar Association. Representative in General Assembly from Chatham County, 1901, and one of the managers in impeachment trial of the Justices of Supreme Court. Chairman Dem- ocratic Executive Committee of Chatham County. County Attorney of Chatham County. Member of State Democratic Executive Com- mittee for ten years past. Representative in General Assembly from Chatham County, 1009. Committees: Judiciary (Chairman), Banks and Currency, and others. Fraternal order : Masons. Presbyterian ; Elder in Pittsboro church. Married, in 1897, Miss Nannie Roberts.

Address : Pittsboro, N. C.

THOMAS CLINGMAN M( DONALD.

Thomas Ci.ixgman McDonald. Republican, of Cherokee County, was born at Murphy, N. C, July 2'.». 1856. Son of Jonathan and Harriet (Smith) McDonald. Educated at common schools and pri- 1876-1880. Mer- vate high schools ; North Georgia Agricultural College. chant and farmer. Teacher, 1877-1889. Register of Deeds of Cherokee County. 1889-1907. Representative in General Assembly from Chero- kee County, 1909. Committees : Institutions for the Blind, Mines and Mining. Libraries, Justices of the Peace. Interested in legislation for election of school boards by the people, education and road laws.

Fraternal order : Knights- of Pythias, Chancellor Commander about 1907. Baptist. Married, in 1881, Miss Louisa White. Ten children.

Address : Murphy, N. C.

WILLIAM SCOTT PRIVOTT.

William Scott Privott, Democrat, of Chowan County, was born at Rocky Hock, Chowan County. Son of John M. and Susan C. (Bunch) Privott. Educated at Elm Grove Academy. 1893-1897; Eden- ton Academy, 1S97-1S99; Wake Forest College, B. A., 1903. Anniver- sary orator; commencement speaker. Studied law at Wake Forest Law School. Lawyer. Representative in General Assembly from Chowan County, 1909. Committees: Fish and Fisheries, Oyster In- terests, Manufactures and Labor, Enrolled Bills. Constitutional 247

Amendment (Chairman), Federal Relations. Interested in legislation affecting drainage and fish. Fraternal order: Member Unanim- ity Lodge No. 7, A. F. & A. M., Secretary. Baptist. Delivered se-* eral addresses during prohibition campaign, 1908, in favor of temperance. Married, December 26, 1907, Miss Cora E. Marshbanks.

Address : Edenton, N. C.

EVERETTE CRAWFORD.

Everette Crawford, Democrat, of Clay County, was born at Hayes N. 1885. of S. ville, C, September 27, Son W. and Sarah | Kitchens) Crawford. Educated at Hiawasan (Ga.), 1901-1902; at Ilayesville (N. C), and at Young-Harris College (Ga.), 1908. Teacher. Repre- sentative in General Assembly from Clay County, 1909. Committees: Fish and Fisheries, Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb. Mines and

Mining, Public Roads and Turnpikes, Education. Interested in legislation affecting good roads and education. Methodist. Address: Hayesville, N. C.

DRURY S. LOVELACE.

Drury S. Lovelace, Democrat, of Cleveland County, was born in

Cleveland County, N. C, March 8, 1848. Son of James and Judith (Hamrick) Lovelace. Educated in public schools. 1854-1860, and home study. Farmer. Road Supervisor up to last November, when he resigned. Justice of the Peace. Member of County Board of Edu cation, and a member of Board of County Commissioners. Member of the County Democratic Executive Committee from 1892 to November, 1909. Representative in General Assembly from Cleveland County, 1909. Committees: Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb. Pensions, Salaries and Fees, Military Affairs, Claims. Insane Asylums. Inter ested in legislation affecting public schools, public roads, deaf and dumb institutions, blind institutions, pensions and the protection of birds. Baptist; Church Clerk, 1875-1895; Deacon, 1903-1909. Clerk to Kings Mountain Baptist Association. 1885 L909. Married. October 26, 1865, Miss Priscilla J. Lee. Address: Shelby. X. C. 248

JOHN G. BUTLER.

John <;. Butler, Democrat, of Columbus County, was born in Columbus County, N. C, June 1, 1858. Son of Josepb F. and Mary (Hickman) Butler. Educated at Whiteville Academy, 1874-1875. Merchant and farmer. Sheriff of Columbus County, 1898-1906. Rep- resentative in the General Assembly from Columbus County, 1909. Committees: Agriculture, Finance, Printing, Constitutional Amend- ment, Claims, Insane Asylums. Interested in legislation affecting schools and roads. Methodist good ; Superintendent of Sunday school ;

District Steward. Married, January 7, 1882, Miss Virginia Butler. Eight children. Address: Pireway, N. C.

ERNEST MATHEWS GREEN.

Ernest Mathews Green, Democrat, of Craven County, was born at Xew Bern, X. C, September 22, 1871. Son of John Curtis and Mar- tha (.Mathews) Green. Educated at Davis Military School and home schools. Studied law at University of North Carolina Law School, 1903. Lawyer. Chairman of Democratic Executive Commit-

' tee of Third Judicial District. Register of Deeds. Attorney for Craven County. Representative in General Assembly from ('raven County. 1909. Committees: Military Affairs (Chairman), and on other committes. Fraternal order: B. P. O. E. Baptist. Address: New Bern, N. C.

J. II. CURRIE.

J. II. Currie, Democrat. Representative from Cumberland County. Address: Fayetteville. N. C.

JOHN UNDERWOOD.

John Undekwood, Democrat, of Cumberland County, was born at Fayetteville. N. C. February 5, 18G8. General Agent for Preferred Accident Insurance Company of New York. Representative in the General Assembly from Cumberland County. 1909. Address: Fay- etteville. N. C. 249

PIERCE HAMPTON.

Pierce Hampton. Democrat, Representative from Currituck. Ad- dress: Waterlily, N. C.

CHARLES THOMAS WILLIAMS.

Charles Thomas Williams, Democrat, of Dare County, was borrj at Avon, N. C, April 16, 1866. Son of Evau Williams. Educated in preparatory schools, 1880-1885. Teacher. Miscellaneous business. Postmaster eight years. Representative in General Assembly from Dare County, 1899, 1901, 1909. Committees: Fish and Fisheries, Oys- ter Interests. Deaf and Dumb Institutions. Interested in legislation affecting fish and oyster interests, proper care of the insane, and all other unfortunates, education and temperance. Methodist; Bible

Teacher and recorder. Married, February 10, 1891, to -Miss s. A.

Williams. Address : Avon. N. C.

THEODORE EARL McCRARY.

Theodore Earl McCrary. Republican, of Davidson County, was born at Livingston, N. C, June 5, 1867. Son of John W. and Drusilhi (Leonard) McCrary. Educated in public and private sel Is. South- ern Normal (Lexington. N. C). Trinity College, A. B., 1888. Studied law at the University of North Carolina Law School. Admitted to the Bar. 1908. Lawyer. .Member of the Bar at Lexington. Post- master at Lexington, N. C, under President Harrison's administration, also under President McKinley's first administration. Chief Office Deputy Marshal for Western District of North Carolina, IS9.H 10(17. Representative in General Assembly from Davidson Comity. 1909. Committees: Judiciary No. 1. Corporation Commission, [tevis- ion of Laws. Interested in legislation affecting education and election laws. Methodist. Married, first, Miss Etta Shemwell, February Ad 21, 1894; second. Mrs. Ida .). Beeson, .lime 11, 1908. One child. dress : Lexington, X. C. 2.-.I i

A. T. GRANT, Jr.

A. T. Grant, Jr., Republican, Representative from Davie County.

Address : Mocksville, N. C.

JOHN ALFRED GAVIN.

John Alfred Gavin, Democrat, of Duplin County, was born in Duplin County, N. C, February 18, 1877. Son of S. H. and Martha E. (Frederick) Gavin. Educated at Warsaw Higb School until 1S95, then at Wake Forest College, 1895-1897: Wake Forest Law School. Lawyer. Representative in General Assembly from Duplin County, 1909. Committees: Propositions and Grievances (Chairman), Judi- ciary No. 1, Constitutional Amendment, Banks and Currency. Claims. Baptist; Clerk. Address: Kenansville. N. C.

YOUNG ERROLL SMITH.

Young Erroll Smith, Democrat, of Durham County, was born in Wake County, N. C, April S, 1872. Son of Talbot B. and Eliza T. (Brown) Smith. Educated at Morson and Denson's Academy, Ra- leigh. Cotton manufacturer. President of the Peoples Bank of East Durham and Director of the Citizens National Bank of Durham,

N. ('. Served on School Committees and Boards since 1898. Repre- sentative from Durham County in General Assembly of 1909. Com- mittees : Manufactures and Labor (Chairman), Penal Institutions, Institutions for the Blind. Public Roads and Turnpikes, Expendi- j tures of the House. Fraternal order: Knights of Pythias (Chancel- lor Commander for several terms). Methodist; Trustee; Steward; Superintendent of Sunday school. Married, December 14, 1898, Miss

Alma Randle. Three children. Address : Durham. N. C.

MARK BENNETT PITT.

Mask Bennett Pitt. Democrat, of Edgecombe County, was born in Edgecombe County, N. C. September, 183S. Son of Joab P. and Elizabeth (Sheeley) Pitt. Educated at Dr. Alexander Wilson's School 251 in Alamance County, 1857-1858, and at the University of North Caro linn, which he left, after two years, to enter the Confederate Army. in Graduated medicine at the University id' Pennsylvania, L869. Farmer and physician. Representative in the General Assembly from Edgecombe County, 1905, 1907, 1909. Committees: Game (Chair- man), Agriculture, Counties, Cities and Towns. Fish and Fisheries, Tensions, Liquor Traffic. Interested in legislation to erect a monument to L. Henry Wyatt. Baptist. Married, first, .Miss Cobb, then Miss Dupree, and third, Miss Anderson. Five children. Address: Macclesfield, N. C.

HUGH BLOUNT BRYAN.

Hugh Blount Bryan. Democrat, of Edgecombe County, was bom near Battleboro, N. C, April 11, 1870. Son of Blount and Elizabeth (Sherrod) Bryan. Educated at Horner's Military School (Oxford, N. C), 1S87-1888; Bingham School, 1889-1890. Planter. Director Planters' Bank of Rocky Mount, Battleboro Oil Company. Under- writers Insurance Company of Rocky Mount. Justice of (lie Peace in Edgecombe County. Representative in General Assembly from Edgecombe County. 1909. Committees: Justices of the Peace (Chair- man), Penal Institutions, Agriculture, Roads and Turnpikes, Privi- leges and Elections. Fraternal order: P.. P. <). E., 1038, Rocky Mount. Address: Battleboro, N. ('.

SHIRLEY EVAN HALL.

Shirley Evan Hall, Republican, of Forsyth County, was horn in Yadkin County, N. G, July 23, 1872. Son of James Sanford ami (aide Elizabeth (Hauser) Hall. Educated at Union High Scl 1 (Easl

Bend, N. C), 1886-1888, 1892-lN!i:: ; Pinnacle Academy. 1889-18M ; Wake Forest College, A. B. and B. I... 1897. Commencement orator, 1897. Editor-in-chief of Union Republilcan, 1898; resigned. 1907, on account of increasing law practice. Representative in General As sembly from Forsyth County, 1909. Committees: Judiciary, Game, Revision of Laws. Interested in legislation affecting laws looking to encouragement of skilled labor and education and elevation of labor 252

iug classes, to the end that high-class articles may be produced in tlic State out of our raw materials. Fraternal orders: B. P. O. E., J. O. U. A. M. Baptist. Married, in 1905, .Miss Little Mattie Jones. Two children. Address: Winston-Salem, X. C.

PLEASANT H. STIMPSON.

Pleasant II. Stimpson, Republican, of Forsyth County, was born January 6, 1856, at East Bend. X. C. Son of Thomas B. and M. W. (Poindexter) Stimpson. Educated in schools at East Bend. Farmer. Representative in General Assembly from Forsyth County, 1909.

Committees : Manufactures and Labor. Election Laws, Corporations, Public Roads and Turnpikes. Christian: Steward. 1009. Married. November, 1886, Miss Pfaff. Four children. Address: Winston- Salem, X. C.

ROBERT P. FLOYD.

Robert P. Floyd, Democrat, of Franklin County, was born in Gran- ville County, X. < '., August 31, 1854. Son of James B. and Susan (White) Floyd. Educated in common schools and at the University of North Carolina. 1869-1870. Graduated at Charleston (S. C.) Medi- cal College, 187S. Physician. President Medical Society of Franklin County. Member State Medical Society. Coroner. Member Board of Health of Franklin County. Representative in General Assembly from Franklin County. 1909. Committees: Insane Asylums. Salaries and Fees, Public Service Corporations, Finance. . Military Affairs. Interested in legislation affecting good roads. Methodist. Married,

January 1.1, 1SS8, Miss Eugenia Shamblee. Seven children. Address: Louisburg. X. C.

RICHARD KELLY DAYEXrORT.

Richard Kelly Davenport, Democrat, of Gaston County, was burn at Mt. Holly. X. C, February 2, 1859. Son of A. W. and Mary (Cansler) Davenport. Educated at Denver High School. Woodlawn Business College (Mt. Holly. X. C). Farmer and merchant. Repre- 2:>:\ sentative in General Assembly from Gaston County, 1909. Commit- tees: Manufactures and Labor, Pensions, [nsurance, Finance. Mar ried Miss Mary G. Foy. Address: Mount Holly. X. C.

NOAH BENJAMIN KENDRICK.

Noah Benjamin Kendeick, Democrat, of Gaston County, was born in ( Cleveland County. X. '., November 22, 1869. Son of Larkin S. and Mary Catherine (Putnam) Kendrick. Educated in common schools. Merchant farmer, cotton dealer, lumberman and manufac turer of brick. Organizer and Director of Gaston Manufacturing Company. Director Piedmont Telegraph and Telephone Company. General Manager of Kendrick Mercantile Company, Director and Trustee of Boiling Springs High School. Commissioner of town of Cherryville, N. C. Trustee Cherryville Graded School. Representa tive in General Assembly from Gaston County. 1909. Committees: Corporations, Counties. Cities, Towns and Townships, Fish and Fish eries, Propositions and Grievances, Printing. Fraternal orders: A F. & A. M., K. of P. Baptist; Superintendent of Sunday school. Married. February 18. 1891. Miss Margaret J. Manney. Nine children. Address: Cherryville, X. C.

LYCURGUS HOFLER.

Lycubgtjs IIofler, Democrat, of Gates County, was born in Gates County, N. C, January 14, 1858. Son of John W. and Sallie A. (Vann) Hofler. Educated in public schools. Insurance, surety bonds and undertakings. Assistant Cashier and Director of Hank of Gates (Catesville, N. C). Register of Deeds of Gates County. 1890-1906. Representative in General Assembly from Gates County. 1909. Com- Luittees: Joint Committee on Enrolled Bills (Chairman), Engrossed Bills, Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb. Propositions and Griev- mces, Salaries and Fees. Interested in legislation affecting public ^•oads and a better system of taxation. Baptist. Has been Clerk. md is now Moderator of the Chowan Association. .Married. February to, 1886, Miss Sallie A. Hunter. Address: Gatesville, X. C. 254

WILLIAM P. ROSE.

William P. Rose, Republican, of Graham County, was born in Cherokee County (now Graham), in 1856. Educated in common schools of Cherokee County. Deputy United States Marshal about twenty years. Tax Collector. Representative in General Assembly from Graham County, 1907, 1909. Committees : Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb, Institutions for the Blind, Privileges and Elections. Fraternal order: I. O. O. F., since 1890. Baptist. Married, in 1880,

Miss Alice Cooper. Three children. Address : Southworth, N. C.

A. W. GRAHAM. c

See page 237.

J. A. ALBRITTON.

J. A. Albritton, Democrat, Representative from Greene County. Address: Snow Hill, N. C.

THOMAS JAMES MURPHY.

Thomas James Murphy, Democrat, of Guilford County, was born in Wilmington, N. C, September 29, 1870. Son of Dr. William Bailey and Marianna (Alderman) Murphy. Educated at Clinton High School, Clinton Collegiate Institute, 1882-1886; Davidson College, 1886-1887; George Washington University (Washington, D. C), law LL. B., 1899 ; Wake Forest College department. Lawyer. Mem-; ber of North Carolina Bar Association. Young Men's Business Asso- ciation (Greensboro, N. C), Greensboro Chamber of Commerce Mayor of Greensboro, 1905-1907. Reading Clerk of State Senate, 1903. Representative in General Assembly from Guilford County, 1909. Committees: Inauguration, Pensions. Finance, Judiciary, Oys- ter Interests, Insane Asylums. Lieutenant Gate City Guards (Greens IT,.", boro). Fraternal orders: Knights of Pythias, J. O. U. A. M. ; Chancellor Commander Lodge No. 80, K. of P. Presbyterian. Mar- ried, June 26, 1902, to Miss Annie Shorter Leftwich. Address: Greensboro, N. C.

JAMES RUFUS GORDON.

James Rufus Gordon, Democrat, of Guilford County, was born al Jamestown, N. C, February 23, 1S57. Son of James J. and Elizabeth (Mills) Gordon. Educated in common schools of Guilford County. M. D. of Baltimore Medical College. Physician. Member of Guil- ford County Medical Society and North Carolina State Medical So- ciety. Representative from Guilford County in General Assembly. 1905, 1907, 1909. Committees: Appropriations (Chairman), Health. Especially interested in legislation affecting education, permanent improvement of public roads, and salary system for county and Slat. officers. Fraternal order: J. O. U. A. M., Past Councillor. Method- ist ; Trustee and Steward. Married, 1884, Miss Mary E. Idol; 1894,

Miss Lizzie Henley. Six children. Address: Jamestown. X. ( '.

HENRY SPOONER HARRISON.

Henry Spooner Harrison, Democrat, of Halifax County, was born in Brunswick County, Virginia. Son of George and Sarah Virginia (Walton) Harrison. Educated University of Virginia High School, 1868-1873. Farmer. Representative in General Assembly from Hali- fax County, 1899, 1909. Committees: Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb (Chairman), Banks and Currency, Corporation Commission, Pensions, Immigration, Public Buildings and Grounds, fraternal order: Masons. Episcopalian; Vestryman and Warden since 1880. Married, February 12, 1879, Miss Mary S. Garrett. Nine children.

Address : Enfield, N. C.

A. P. KITCHIN.

A. P. Kitchin, Democrat, Representative from Halifax County."

Address : Scotland Neck, N. C. 256

NEILL A. SMITH.

Xeill A. Smith. Democrat, of Harnett County, was born in Har- iicii County, July 27, 1847. Educated in public schools. Merchant, farmer, lumberman. President of Bank of Lillington, 1007-1909. On Board of County Commissioners of Harnett County for eight years. Representative in General Assembly from Harnett County, 1S0.3, 1909. Committees: Agriculture, Penal Institutions. Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb, Manufactures and Labor. Finance, Corporations. Courts and Judicial Districts. Address: Kipling. X. C.

W. T. LEE.

W. T. Lee, Democrat. Representative from Haywood County. Ad- dress: Waynesville, N. C.

JESSE S. RHODES.

Jesse S. Rhodes, Republican, of Henderson County, was born at Tryon. X. C, October 27. 1S50. Son of Jesse and Jane (Thorn) Rhodes. Educated at Blue Ridge Academy. Farmer. President Hendersonville Mercantile Company. Sheriff and Treasurer of Hen- derson County. Representative from Henderson County in the Gen- oral Assembly, 1909. Committees: Agriculture, Counties, Cities and .Towns, Pensions. Claims. Interested in legislation affecting increase of pensions of Confederate soldiers and their widows. Fraternal orders: Masons, Odd Fellows; served as Xoble Grand. Baptist; Deacon and Clerk. Married, March 20, 1870, Miss Araminta Xorris. Three children. Address: Fletchers, N. C.

DAVID COLLI X BARNES.

David Collix Barnes, Democrat, of Hertford County, was born at Murfreesboro. N. C. November 26, 1875. Son of David Alexander and Bettie (Vaughan) Barnes. Educated at Murfreesboro schools, and at Horner Military School. University of North Carolina Law School, 1895-1896. and Lawyer banker. Presidenl Peoples Bank, Murfreesboro, since 1904. Representative in General Assembly from Hertford 1909. County, Committees: Judiciary. Privileges and Elec- tions (Chairman). Health, Corporations, Finance, Trustees of the University. Fraternal order: Kappa Alpha (college fraternity).

Methodist. Address : Murfreesboro, N. ( I.

JOHN W. McWILLIAMS.

John W. McWii.liams. Democrat, of Hyde County, was burn at Ocracoke, N. C, March ISO!). Son of John S. and 10, Eliza I Farrow) McWilliams. Educated at the public and private schools of Ocra coke, 1876-1885. Merchant. Commissioner of Wrecks for Hyde County since 1905. Nominated Clerk of Superior Court of Hyde County in 1906, but declined to serve. Representative in General Assembly from Hyde County, 1909. Committees: Fish and Fisheries, Oyster Interests, Game Laws, Insurance. Institutions for the Blind. Interested in legislation affecting fish, oysters and game. Fraternal orders: Masons, I. O. O. F., served as Noble Grand live terms: Treasurer ten terms. Methodist. Married, in 1889, .Miss Elizabeth Williams. Three children. Address: Ocracoke, N. C.

ZEBULON VANCE TURLINGTON.

Zebxjlon Vance Turlington, Democrat, of Iredell County, was

born in Johnston County, N. C. January 8, 1877. Son of Eli and Sarah (Woodall) Turlington. Educated at Benson Academy (Ben- N. son, C.) : Turlington Institute (Smithfield, N. C), 1893 1896; Uni- versity Law School, 1898-1899" Lawyer. Director of Mooresville Loan and Trust Company. 1906-1909. Attorney of .Mooresville Build- ing and Loan Association. 1903-1909. Treasurer of town of Monies ville, 1901-1904. Town Attorney of Mooresville, 1901-1905. Repre- sentative in General Assembly from Iredell County. 1905, 1907, 1909. Committees: Election Laws (Chairman), Judiciary No. 2, Courts and Judicial Districts. Fraternal order: Knights of Pythias, Chancellor 17 258

Commander and District Deputy Grand Chancellor. Presbyterian ; Superintendent Sunday school, 1906-1909; Elder. 1908. Married, De- cember 23, 1902, Miss Mary Howard Rankin. Two children. Ad- dress : Mooresville, N. C.

M. D. TOMLIN.

M. D. Tomlin, Democrat Representative from Iredell County.

Address : Statesville, N. C.

ROBERT FRANK JARRETT.

Robert Frank Jarrett, Republican, of Jackson County, was born at Asbeville, N. C, July 21, 1804. Son of R. H. and Nancy A. (Wil- son) Jarrett. Educated at Franklin High School. Merchant and manufacturer. Town Marshal of Franklin; N. C, 1SS7. Postmaster at Franklin, 1890-1893. Town Councilman of Dillsboro, N. C, 1896- 1900. Postmaster at Dillsboro, 1S99-190S. Representative in Gen- eral Assembly from Jackson County, 1909. Committees: Fish and Fisheries, Mines and Mining, Manufactures and Labor. Interested in legislation affecting education, repeal of homestead law and increase in soldiers' pensions. Fraternal orders: Masons—has held regular gradation from Tiler to Worshipful Master (Master in 1906 of and 1907) ; Red Men, Grand Scout, 1905; Knights Pythias. Bap- 1904 tist Deacon ; Moderator of Tuckaseigee Association, ; Sunday ; school Superintendent for twenty-two years. Married. December 25, 1892, Miss Sallie C. Wild. Three children. Address: Dillsboro, N. C.

JOSIAH WILLIAM BARNES.

Josiah William Barnes, Democrat, of Johnston County, was born in Archer. Johnston County. November 26, 1862. Son of Josiah and Jane (Wilder") Barnes. Farmer and mill man. Representative in General Assembly from Johnston County. 1909. Committees: Manu- factures and Labor, Immigration, Insane Asylums. Fraternal order : Masons. Master, 1906-1907. Baptist. Married. November 15, 1883, Miss rennev Files. Ten children. Address: Clayton, N. C. 259

J. W. MYATT.

J. W. Myatt, Democrat, Representative from Johnston County

Address : Clayton, N. C, R. F. D. 1.

J. C. PARKER.

J. C. Parker, Democrat, of Jones County, was born in Wayne County, N. C, August 12, 1845. Son of D. C. and Jane (Moore) Parker. Educated in common schools. Farmer. Deputy Collector of Revenue. Tax Collector. 1904. Justice of the Peace. Representa- tive in the General Assembly from Jones County, 1893, 1907, L909. Committees: Oyster Interests (Chairman), Agriculture. Fraternal order: Masons; Master of lodge. Baptist; Superintendent of Sunday schools and Church Clerk. Married three times: first to Miss Z. M. Hardy: second, to Miss Lula Dillahunt, and third, to Mrs. Kate Loops. Eight children. Address: Trenton, N. C.

EMMET R. WOOTEN.

Emmett R. Wooten, Democrat, of Lenoir County, was born at Fort Barnwell. Craven County, N. C, November 2. 1878. Son of John C. and Mary (Cobb) Wooten. Educated at private school in Kinston, Wake Forest College, University of North Carolina. Studied law under Judge A. C. Avery and at University Law School. Ad mitted to the Bar. 1900. Lawyer. Member North Carolina Bar Association. Attorney for* 'the city of Kinston, 1004, 1905, 1906. County Attorney. 1003-1904. Representative in General Assembly from Lenoir County, 1909. Committees: Salaries and Fees (Chair- Educa |man), Counties, Cities and Towns. Privileges and Elections, tion, Insane Asylums, Corporation Commission. Fraternal orders: Kappa Alpha (college fraternity), Odd Fellows. Camp of <>

HENRY D. WARLICK.

Henry D. Warlick, Democrat, of Lincoln County, was born at Reepsville, N. C, January 13, 1850. Son of Max and Catherine (Coul- ter) Warlick. Educated in public schools and Catawba College. Farmer. Justice of the Peace for eighteen years. Representative in the General Assembly from Lincoln county, 1909. Committees: Agri- culture, Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb, Insurance. German Reformed; Elder twenty years. Married Miss Elizabeth .Wharton.

Xine children. Address: Lincolnton. N. < '.

THOMAS BRAGG HIGDON.

Thomas Bragg Higdon. Republican, of Macon County, was born in Jackson County, N. C, June 4. 1855. Son of W. II. and Jane (Buch- anan) Higdon. Educated in the high schools (Franklin. N. C), and in Macon County. . Farmer and real estate dealer. Vice-President of bank since 1907. Sheriff, Tax Collector and Treasurer, 1900-1904 ; member County Board of Education, 1906-1908. Representative in General Assembly from Macon County. 1909. Committees: Banks and Currency. Federal Relations, Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb, Insurance. Interested in legislation affecting schools. Fra- ternal orders: Masons, I. O. O. F. Baptist. Married three times, the last time, 1905, to Miss Lula Shepherd. One child. Address: Franklin. N. C.

ANDREW J. MeDFATTT.

Andrew J. McDevitt, Republican, of Madison County, was born in Greenville, S. C, October 10, 1*40. Son of James M. and Anna (Gos- nell) McDevitt. Educated in public school, and at Mars Hill (N. C), 1867-1868. Physician. Member State Medical Society and Madison County Medical Society. Coroner Madison County. Justice of the Peace. Notary Public and Postmaster. Representative in General Assembly from Madison County. 1909. Committees: Health. Insane Asylums. Interested in legislation affecting local schools and roads. 2G1

Fraternal orders: Treasurer of I. O. O. F. since 1905, Masons. Me dist, Treasurer church and parsonage. Married, December 22, 1870, Miss Matilda secoud Bonney; married, time, September 10, 1899, Miss

Anna Henderson. Address : Walnut. N. ( '.

HARRY W. STUBBS. Harry W. Stubbs, Democrat, Representative from Martin County. Address : Williamston, N. C.

B. B. PRICE.

B. B. Price, Democrat, of McDowell County, was born in Ruther- ford County, N. C, March 17, 1852. Son of P. P. and Hannah S. (McCurry) Price. Educated at Boiling Springs, Cleveland County, and Dysartville, McDowell County. .Merchant and hanker. Presi dent of Commercial Bank of Marion. 1896-1897; Vice-Presidenl of the First National Bank. County Examine!-. 1876-1877. Register of Deeds, 1878-1886. Clerk Superior Court, 18S6-189S. Chairman Hoard of County Commissioners in 1900. Representative in General Assem- bly from McDowell County, 1900. Committees: Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb, Corporations. Public Service Corporations, Mines and Mining, Banks and Currency. Interested in legislation affecting temperance and education. Fraternal order; Mason. Master of the lodge for several years. Baptist; Clerk and Treasurer of church and Superintendent of Sunday school. Married Miss Bobbitt. One child.

Address : Marion, N. C.

WILLIAM CAREY DOWD.

William Carey Dowd, Democrat, of Mecklenburg County, was born in Moore County, N. _C, March 31, 1865. Son of J. C. and Hen- rietta M. (Rives) Dowd. Educated at Carolina Military Institute and at Wake Forest College, A. P>.. 1889; firs! debater al the annual debate, and assistant editor of the \\'

Address : Charlotte, N. C.

WILLIAM A. GRIER.

William A. Gbiee, Democrat, of Mecklenburg County, was born in Mecklenburg County, N. C, November 27, 1S50. Son of T. P. and G. (Strong) Grier. Educated in common schools of Mecklenburg County. Farmer. Representative in General Assembly from Meck- lenburg County, 1D07, 1909. Committees: Public Roads and Turn- pikes (Chairman), Agriculture, Salaries and Fees, Penal Institu- tions. Presbyterian; Elder; Superintendent of Sunday school. Mar-

ried, November S, 1S77, Miss Belle Crawford. Five children. Ad- dress: Charlotte, N. C.

w. g. Mclaughlin.

W. G. McLaughlin, Democrat. Representative from Mecklenburg County. Address: Charlotte, N. C.

SAMUEL J. TURNER.

in Samuel J. Turner, Republican, of Mitchell County, was born McDowell County, N. C, January 13, 1852. Son of Richard and Nancy S. (England) Turner. Educated in common schools; Academy School at Marion (N. G.h and the University of North Carolina; Law 263

of University of North. Carolina, B. L., 1888. Lawyer. Mayor of 'Bakersville. Chairman Board of Education of Mitchell County. Now serving third term. as member of the General Assembly of North

Carolina. Committees: Judiciary No. 1, Trustees of University. Interested in legislation affecting tbe election of County Boards of Education by direct vote of the people. Fraternal order: Masons, W. M. in 1906; delivered two Masonic addresses on 24tb June, 1892, and 1905. Baptist. Married, in 1887, Miss Martha A. Stewart. One

child. Address : Vale or Valley, X. ( '.

ROBERT T. POOLE.

Robert T. Poole, Democrat, of Montgomery County, was born in Montgomery County, N. C, September 30, 1872. Son of J. C. and Elizabeth (Bruton) Poole. Educated at Ramseur, N. C, 1891-1892; Trinity College (Durham, N. C), A. B., 1S98; University of North Carolina, 1899. Lawyer. Chairman Board of Education of Montgom- ery County, 1906; Superintendent of Education of Montgomery County, 1901-1902, 1907-190S. Representative in General Assembly from Montgomery County, 1009. Committees: Mines and Mining, (Chairman), Judiciary No. 1, Corporations, Insurance. Fraternal orders: K. of P. (Grand Lodge, 1896), A. F. & A. M. (1903), W. O. W. (1906), J. O. U. A. M. (1900). Representative State Council, Stale

Judiciary, State Councilor and National Representative. .Methodist ; served on Board of Stewards. Delegate to Distrid Conference and Annual Conference. Married, May 20, L908, Miss Bessie Pulliam.

Address : Troy, N. C.

DANIEL A. MCDONALD.

Daniel A. McDonald, Democrat, of Moore County, was born in

oore County, June 13, 1851. Son of Allen and Mary Ann i Mclver) eDonald. Educated at University of Kentucky: diploma in din ercial department, 1S74. General merchant, farmer, real estate lealer, bank director and railroad director. Town Commissioner bounty Surveyor and Clerk of the Superior Courl of Moore County, L8S6-1906. Representative in General Assembly from Moore County, 264

L900. Committees: Finance, Salaries and Fe.es, Counties, Cities and Tow us. Fish and Fisheries, Banks and Currency, Privileges and Elec- tions. Internal Improvements. Fraternal order: A. F. & A. M. (Treas- urer of Lodge No. 181). Presbyterian. Married. March 20. 1883, Miss Ida A. Martin. Five children. Address: Carthage. N. C.

JAMES C. BRASWELL.

James C. Braswell, Democrat, of Nash County, was born in Edge- combe County. N. ('.. in 1859. Son of Archelaus and Margaret A. i cm chin) Braswell. Educated at Horner's Military School. 1874- 1S76; Emory and Henry College, 1S7S; University of Maryland. M. I).. 1882. Physician. Member of County and Township Executive Committees several years. Representative in General Assembly from Nash County. 1909. Committees: Enrolled Bills, Health, Penal Insti- tutions. Institutions for Blind (Chairman), Insane Asylums, Banks and Currency. Constitutional Amendment. Interested in legislation affecting public roads and highways and primary elections. Frater- nal orders: Now Grand High Priest, R. A. M. of North Carolina.

Grand Junior Warden Grand Commandery of North Carolina : Past

Master Enfield Lodge. No. 447. A. F. & A. M. : Past High Priest

Enfield Chapter, No. 52. R. A. M. ; I. O. O. F. ; Past Eminent Com- mander of St. Aldermar Commandery. K. of 1'.. No. 2. Married. 1897, Miss Mary Lyon; 1007, Miss Louise Battle. Three children. Ad- dress : Whitakers, N. C.

GEORGE LEE MORTON.

George Lee Mortox. Democrat, of New Hanover County, was born in Onslow County, N. C. December 10, 18GG. Son of Stephen II. and Mary C. (Wilder) Morton. Educated at Wilson (N. C.) Collegiate Institute and Bingham School. Engaged in turpentine business. The George L. Morton Company (turpentine), Galena-Signal Oil Com- pany, and other corporations. Alderman. Mayor pro tcm. Postmaster of Wilmington. Member of House and Senate from New Hanover County seven terms. Representative in General Assembly from New Hanover County, 1909. Committees: Corporations (Chairman), 205

Finance, Appropriations, Public Service Corporations, Corporation Commission, Counties, Cities and Towns, Rules, Immigration, Public Buildings and Grounds, Regulation of Liquor Traffic. Military honors: Commander and Captain North Carolina Naval Brigade; Presi- dent National Association of Naval Militias; Lieutenant in U. S. Navy during Spanish-American War, and Assistant to Chief of Auxil- iary Naval Force. Fraternal orders: Masons, K. T., Odd Fellows. Red Men, Eagles and Druids. Presbyterian. Married twice. Pres ent wife was Miss Mildred G. Thompson, of Louisville. Ky. Two children. Address : Wilmington, N. C.

MAHLON BOLTON.

Maiilon Bolton, Democrat, of Northampton County, was horn in Northampton County, N. C, October 23, 1S63. Son of James and Luvenie (McDaniel) Bolton. Educated Woodland High School, 1877- 1881; Wake Forest College, 1881-1882; Jefferson .Medical College (Philadelphia), M. D., 18S5. Physician. Cashier Bank of Rich Square, 1908, now Vice-President and Director. Member of County, State and Tri-State (Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina), and Seaboard Medical Societies. Ex-President of County, of Sea- board, of Tidewater Virginia, and North Carolina Medical Societies. Representative from Northampton County in General Assembly. L909. Committees: Health (Chairman), Education. Salaries and Fees, Penal Institutions, Insane Asylums. Fraternal orders: Masons (Past Mas- ter), Odd Fellows (Past Grand); now Lodge Deputy and District Master. Methodist; Delegate to Annual Conferences. 1904 and 1908; Steward 23 years. Married, December 20. 1888,' Miss Emma J. Baugham. Three children. Address: Rich Square, N. C.

ELIJAH M. KOONCE.

Elijah M. Koonce; Democrat, of Onslow County, was born in Ons- low County, N. C, October 9, 1857. Son of .lames and Harriet (Da- vis) Koonce. Educated in common schools and Richlands High School; University of North Carolina Law School, L898. Teacher. 1SN1-1S07. County Superintendent of Onslow. 1892. Member Cen- 266 tral Committee of State Democratic Executive Committee. Chair- man Democratic County Executive Committee. Elected delegate to National Convention at Denver, Colorado, by Democratic Congres- sional Convention held at' Goldsboro, N. C, June 23, 100S. Repre- sentative from Onslow County in General Assembly. 1905, 1007, 1909. Committees: Appropriations, Health, Judiciary No. 2, Oyster Inter- ests, Insurance (Chairman). Interested in legislation affecting education and in reforming, restricting and unifying insurance laws. Fraternal orders: Masons, Knights of Pythias, several times Master in Lafayette Lodge No. 83; Steward of the Grand Lodge; now serving as District Deputy Grand Master of Grand Lodge for the Fifth Dis- trict. Past Chancellor of Knights of Pythias, and served as Grand Representative in Grand Lodge for past two years. Disciples Church.

Married, May 14, 1903, Mrs. Dora Warlick. One child. Address : Jacksonville. N. C.

THOMAS EDWARD SPARROW.

Thomas Edward Sparrow, Republican, of Orange County, was born in Chapel Hill, N. C. Son of John H. and Solina Sparrow. Ed- ucated at Chapel Hill High School. Mill man and farmer. Repre- sentative in General Assembly from Orange County, 1909. Commit- tees : Immigration, Institutions for the Blind, Public Roads and

Turnpikes. Fraternal orders : Masons, Knights of Pythias, Odd Fel- lows (twice Chancellor Commander of Lodge, No. 97, Chapel Hill). Baptist; Church Clerk. Married. October 27, 1881, Miss Mary

Blackwood. Six children. Address : Ilillsboro, N. C.

JOHN BEASLEY MARTIN.

John Beasley Martin, Democrat, of Pamlico County, was born in Craven (now Pamlico) County, N. C. Son of Josiah and Cesonia (Beasley) Martin. Educated in common schools. Justice of the Peace, 1S68-1886. County Commissioner, 1006-1907. Representative in General Assembly from Pamlico County. 1885. 1887, 1000. Com- Insane mittees : Education, Fish and Fisheries. Oyster Interests, Asylums. Propositions and Grievances. Public Roads and Turnpikes. Christian. Address: Arapahoe, N. C. 267

SETII N. MORGAN.

Setii N. Morgan, Democrat, of Pasquotank County, was born in Pasquotank County, N. C, June 1, 1845. Son of Seth and Mary (Jack- son) Morgan. Educated in common schools. 1855-1860. Farmer. On the Board of County Commissioners, 1897-1903. Representative in General Assembly from Pasquotank County. 1909. Committees: Oys- ter Interests, Claims, Printing, Corporation Commission. Interested in legislation affecting roads and fishing. Fraternal order: Royal

Arcanum (1890). Baptist; Deacon. Married, December 5, 1865, Miss Parker. Five children. Address: Elizabeth City, X. C.

JOSEPH T. FOY.

Joseph T. Foy, Democrat, of Pender County, was born at Scotts

Hill, N. C, November 16, 1846. Son of Joseph M. and .Mary A. ( Sim- mons) Foy. Educated at Scotts Hill Academy (N. C), 1855-1861. Farmer. On the Board of County Commissioners of Pender County twelve years; Chairman for eight years. Representative in General Assembly from Pender County, 1909. Committees: Insane Asylums (Chairman), Agriculture, Fish and Fisheries, Expenditures of the House. Interested in legislation affecting good roads. Fraternal order: Royal Arcanum. Methodist. Married, November 8, 1871, Miss

Nora Dozier. Address : Burgaw, N. C.

ERNEST L. REED.

Ernest L. Reed, Democrat, of Perquimans County, was horn Octo- ber 23, 1875. Son of W. C. and Nannie (Sumner) Reed. Educated at Hertford High School. Farmer. Representative from Perqui- mans County in the General Assembly, 1909. Committees: Corpora tions, Justices of the Peace, Institutions for the Blind, Enrolled Bills.

r Methodist; Stew ard for two years. Married. November L0, 1898, Miss Maggie Felton. One child. Address: Hertford, N. C. 268

FLEMIEL OSCAR CARVER.

Flemiel Oscar Cabvee, Republican, of Person County, was born April 17, 1S77. Son of James A. and Ella (Brooks) Carver. Edu- cated at public schools, Roxboro Academy, the University of North Carolina. Studied law at University of North Carolina. Lawyer. Representative in General Assembly from Person County, 1900. Com- mittees : Judiciary No. 2, Courts and Judicial Districts, Military

Affairs. Fraternal orders : I. O. O. F. and K. of P. Methodist. Mar- ried, December 25, 1907, Miss Eula Reams Carver. One child. Ad- dress : Roxboro, N. C.

ROBERT RANDOLPH COTTEN.

Robert Randolph Cotten, Democrat, of Pitt County, was born in Edgecombe County, N. C, June 20. 1839. Son of John Lewellyn and Nancy P. (Johnson) Cotten. Planter and merchant. Member Central Democratic Committee. Chairman Inferior Court of Pitt County. Member of Boards of Insane Asylums and of the Penitentiary. Repre- sentative from Pitt County in the General Assembly, 1909. Commit- tees: Penal Institutions (Chairman), Insane Asylums, Fish and Fisheries, Appropriations, Agriculture, Pensions, Public Buildings and Grounds, Public Roads and Turnpikes. Interested in legislation affecting Torren's System of Land Registration and good roads. Episcopalian; Vestryman. Married, March 14, 1860, Miss Sallie Southall. Six children. Address: Bruce, N. C.

BERIAH TIIADDEUS COX.

Beriah Thaddeus Cox. Democrat, of Pitt County, was born in Pitt County, N. C, July 30, 1SG3. Son of Josiah and Sarah Ann (Tyson) Cox. Educated at Coxville (N. C.) and at University of North Caro- lina, 1884-1886; University of Maryland, M. D., 18S8. Physician. Superintendent of Health for Pitt County. 1890-1893. Member of Medical Society of North Carolina; President Pitt County Medical Society. Representative in General Assembly from Pitt County, 190!). Committees: Institutions for the Blind, Salaries and Fees. Immigra-; 269 tion, Corporation Commission, Education. Public Service Corpora- tions, Insurance. Fraternal order: J. (). U. A. M. (Past Grand Councillor). Married, in 1891, Miss Mary V. Smith. Five children.

Address: Winterville. X. ('.

JOSEPH B. LIVINGSTON.

Joseph B. Livingston, Democrat, of Polk County, was born at Hen dersonville. N. C, December I!'.). 1.s.~.7. Son of Joseph and Harriet ('.

( Featherston) Livingston. Educated at Hendersonville High School until 1880. Merchant. Member of Town Council. 1890-1894. Chair- man Board County Commissioners, 1902-1903. Representative in Gen- eral Assembly from Polk County. 1909. Committees: claims. Public Roads and Turnpikes, Liquor Traffic, Expenditures of the House. Interested in legislation affecting good roads. Fraternal order: d. (). F. A. M. Methodist. Married, in 1SS4. .Miss Selina Mills. Five children. Address: Tryon, X. C.

JAMES ROMFLFS SMITH.

James Romulus Smith. Democrat, of Randolph County, was born in Chatham County (now a portion of Alamance). July 2.".. 1872. Son of Louis Henry and Emily Jane (Patterson) Smith. Educated at Pleasant Lodge Academy, Liberty High School and University of North Carolina, 1894-1895. Teacher and lumberman. Representative in General Assembly from Randolph County. 1909. Committees: Ed- ucation, Manufactures and Labor, Game Laws, Health, Immigration, Insane Asylums, Salaries and Fees. Fraternal orders: Knights of Pythias (Representative to Grand Lodge, Deputy Grand Chancellor), Masons (S. W.), J. O. F. A. M. Lutheran: Deacon: Superintendent of Sunday school. Married. December 24, 189G, Miss I.ydia E. Kime. Six children. Address: Liberty. X. C.

THOMAS J. REDDING.

Thomas J. Redding, Democrat, Representative from Randolph

- Coutitv. Address: Randleman. X. ('.. R. 1'. 1 . •".. 270

.MARTIN COPE FREEMAN.

Mabtin 'ope Freeman, Democrat, of Richmond County, was horn in Richmond County, January 3, 186G. Son of George J. and Mary A. (Willoughby) Freeman. Educated at Laurinburg and Kings Moun- tain, 1S83-1886. Farmer. Mayor of Hamlet, X. C. and County Com- missioner of Richmond County. 1000. 1002. 1008. Representative in General Assembly from Richmond County. 1000. Committees: Im- migration, Manufactures and Labor, Liquor Traffic, Internal Improve- ments. Methodist. Married, first. Miss Alma Barrentine; second, .Miss Emma Matthews. Nine children. Address: Hamlet, N. C.

WILLIAM JULIAN McLEOD.

William Julian McLeod, Democrat, of Robeson County, was bom in Marlboro County, S. C, December 16, 1853. Son of Dr. Alexander and Martha L. (Rogers) McLeod. Educated in common schools. Fertilizer, cotton and cottonseed buyer. Alderman of Red Springs (N. C). Member Board of Elections and of County Executive Com- mittee. Representative in General Assembly from Robeson County, 1909. Committees: Counties. Cities and Towns, Pensions, Claims, Printing. Corporations. Interested in formation of North Robeson P. County. Fraternal order : Past Chancellor of K. of Presbyterian; Elder about 32 years. Married Miss M. Rebecca Eden. Six children. His grandfather, William McLeod, represented Richmond County in General Assembly several times from 1833. Address: Red Springs, X. C.

MARSHALL SHEPHERD.

Marshall Shepherd, Democrat, of Robeson County, was born at Orrum, N. C. June 23. 1865. Son of Joshua and Sarah J. (Nye) Shepherd. Educated at Ashpole Institute, 1886-1887; Bloomingdale Academy. 1887-1892: Wake Forest College. B. A.. 1897. Teacher and farmer. Principal of Bladenboro High School. 1807-1001. Principal and Proprietor of Stinceon Institute. 1002-1007. Superintendent of Public Instruction of Robeson County, 1898-1000. Member Board of Education of Robeson County. 1903-1905 and 1907-1909. Representa 271 tive in General Assembly from Robeson Comity, 1909. Committees: Counties, Cities and Towns, Education, Institutions for the Blind, Enrolled Bills, Banks and Currency. Interested in legislation affed ing anti-trust law, revision of road law in Robeson County. Baptisl ; Secretary and teacher of Sunday school for a number of yens. Mar- ried. November 2G, 1903, Miss Rochelle Frink. Three children. A.l dress : Alma, N. C.

WILLIAM IRWIN WITTY.

William Irwin Witty, Democrat, of Rockingham County, was Iborn in Rockingbam County, N. C, June 8, 1853. Son of Ezekiel and Martha J. (Williams) Witty. Educated at public schools, Hillsdale School, 1867-1873; Yadkin College, 1874-1875. Farmer and surveyor. County Surveyor, 18SG. County Commissioner, 1892 and 1905. Rep- resentative in General Assembly from Rockingham County. L909. Committees: Claims, Expenditures of the House (Chairman), Insti tutions for the Blind. Baptist. Married, in 1890, Miss Carrie Cum- Inings. Ten children. Address: Summerfield, N. C, R. F. D.

GEORGE T. DAVIS.

George T. Davis, Democrat, of Rockingham County, was born in Caswell County. N. ('.. May 4. 1852. Son of T. W. and Elizabeth (Stanfield) Davis. Educated at Now Hope, 1861-1868. Farmer. from Magistrate, 1894-1908. Representative in General Assembly Rockingham County. 1909. Committees: Agriculture, Insane As3 lums. Military Affairs, Penal Institutions, Tensions. Methodist. Su- perintendent of Sunday school. Steward. Trustee, Recording Steward. Married, January 4, 1S75, Miss Elizabeth Marcilliotte. Address: Reidsville, N. C, R. F. D.

JOHN W. CARLTON.

John W. Carlton, Democrat, of Rowan County, was born in Duplin and Emma County, N. C, January 10, 1873. Son of S. M. Virginia X. C. Wake Foresl College, (Wells) Carlton. Educated at Warsaw. ; 272

A. B., 1876; University of Maryland, I>. D. S., 1899. Won first gold medal at University of Maryland for best gold filling. Dentist. Al- derman of town of Spencer, X. < '. Representative in General Assem- bly from Rowan County. 1909. Committees: Military Affairs, In- sane Asylums, Insurance. Immigration, Enrolled Bills, Health, Libra- ries. Fraternal orders: Masons, K. of I'.. J. O. U. A. M. Baptist; Trustee. Married. June 7. 1906, Miss Pearl Kerr. Address: Salis- bury. X. C.

JOHN MOORE JULIAN.

John Moore Julian, Democrat, of Rowan County, was born in

Salisbury. X. C. October 1.".. 1875. Son of I). R. and Harriet Elizabeth Ilills- ( Culverhouse) Julian. Educated at Salisbury Public Schools, boro High School and University of North Carolina. Editor. Mem- ber of City School Board of Salisbury. Orator State Press Associa- tion. Representative in General Assembly from Rowan County, J907. 1909. Committees: Printing (Chairman). Engrossed Bills' (Chair- man). Trustees of the University, Insane Asylums, Manufactures and. Labor, Education. Fraternal orders: Masons. Knights of Pythias, Woodmen of the World. J. O. U. A. M. Lutheran. Married, June 3, 1896, Miss Addie Bedford. Two children. Address: Salisbury. X. C.

LOGAX CARSON DAILY."

Logan Carson Daily, Democrat, of Rutherford County, was born

al Mooresboro, X. C, October it. 1854. Son of John Jackson and Mar- tha (Smith) Daily. Educated at Boiling Springs Academy and public and private schools. Lumberman and farmer. Tax Collector. ISO."!. Justice of the Peace. Representative in General Assembly from Rutherford 1909. Committees: Manufactures and Labor, County. j

1 Health, Expenditures of the House, Roads and Turnpikes, Justices of in manufac- the Peace. Interested legislation affecting good roads, j tures and labor, protection of game. Fraternal order: Masons (S.D.)J Married. March 1898. Miss Bridges. Four children, 31, Josephine j

Address : Ellenboro. X. C. 27::

JAMES T. KENNEDY.

James T. Kennedy, Republican, of Sampson County, was born in N. Dupliu County, C, July 24. 1853. Son of Levi T. and Jane (Wil- son) Kennedy. Educated in public and private bigb schools of Samp- son County. Farmer. Representative in General Assembly from Sampson County, 1909. Committees: Privileges and Elections, Coun- Cities ties, and Towns, Penal Institutions. Interested in legislation affecting education. Baptist; Church Clerk. Married Miss Lavinie M. Williams. Eight children. Address : Moltonville, N. C.

BUCK HILLARY CRUMPLER.

Buck Hillary Crumpler, Republican, of Sampson County, was born June 20, 1883, in Sampson County, N. C. Son of A. C. and .Mat- tie L. (Tatuni) Crumpler. Educated at Salemburg High School, 1897- 1899; Beulah Academy, 1898; Wake Forest College, LL. B., 1905. Studied law at Wake Forest Law School. Lawyer. Representative in General Assembly from Sampson County, 1909. Committees: Ju- diciary, Corporations, Printing, Courts and Judicial Districts. Bap- tist. Married, December 24, 1905, Miss Eva Butler. Two children.

Address : Clinton, N. C.

THOMAS CALVIN EYERETT.

Thomas Calvin Everett, Democrat, of Scotland County, was born in Laurinburg, N. C, November 18, 18(59. Son of L. J. and Mattie \V. (Covington) Everett. Educated at Laurinburg High School. L882 1887; University of North Carolina. Farmer. Representative in General Assembly of North Carolina from Scotland County. 1909. Committees: Agriculture, Game, renal Institutions. Privileges and Elections, Insurance, Federal Relations. Interested in legislation affecting graded schools for Laurinburg, and bond issue of $100,000 to work the roads of Scotland County. Fraternal orders: Knights of Pythias, Woodmen of the World, I. O. O. F. and Sigma Xn (col Anice c I lege fraternity). Methodist. Married. March 15, 1892, Miss Shaw. Four children. Address: Laurinburg, N. C. IS 274

JAMES I. CAMPBELL.

in James I. Campbell, Republican, of Stanly County, was born Charlotte, N. C, January 23, 1875. Son of Joseph Lee and Mary (Dulin) Campbell. Educated at Bain Academy, 1891-1896; Davidson College, North Carolina Medical College. Physician. Representative in General Assembly from Stanly County, 1909. Committees : Insane Asylums, Expenditures of the House, Health, Inauguration. Frater- nal order: Woodmen of the World. Presbyterian. Married, April Estella 19, 1899, Miss E. Jennie Long; September 5, 1905, Miss

Crowell. One child. Address : Whitney, X. C.

JAMES MASTIN PAGG.

James Mastin Fagg, Republican, of Stokes County, was born in Stokes County, April 9, 1867. Son of William F. and Mary A. (Mabe) 18SS-1889 North Carolina Fagg. Educated at Oak Ridge Institute. ; A. and M. College. Farmer and teacher. Justice of the Peace, 1892- 1898. Representative in General Assembly from Stokes County, 1909.

Committees : Salaries and Fees, Printing, rublic Service Corpora- tions, Internal Improvements. Baptist. Married, in 18S4, Miss Mar- tha A. Flinchem. Three children. Address : Redshoals, N. C.

RUFUS LAFAYETTE HAYMORE.

Rufus Lafayette Haymore, Republican, of Surry County, was born in Surry County in 1851. Son of - - and Virginia (Pitt- man) Haymore. Lawyer. County Commissioner, 1883. Mayor of Mt. N. 1897. Now member of Water and Commission Airy, C, Lights j of Mt. Airy. Representative in General Assembly of 1909. Commit- ters: Finance. Judiciary No. 2, Courts and Judicial Districts, Roads and Turnpikes. Baptist; Church Treasurer; Sunday School Superin- tendent. 1890, 1S97, 1S98. Address: Mt. Airy. N. C. 275

J. ULRICH GIBBS.

J. Ulrich Gibbs, Republican, of Swain County, was born at Whit- tier, N. C, March 21, 1865. Son of Joshua A. and Sarah Matilda (Keener) Gibbs. Educated in common schools. University of Nash- ville, Peabody Normal College, 1890-1891. Teacher. Clerk in State Senate. 1S95. County Superintendent of Public Schools of Swain County for two terms. Representative in the General Assembly from Swain County, 1907, 1909. Committees : Education. Immigra- tion, Regulation of Liquor Traffic, Privileges and Elections. Joint Committee on Enrolled Bills. Interested in legislation affecting prohibition and child labor. Fraternal order: Knights of Pythias (has served as Prelate). Congregational ist. Married. December 22. 1896, Miss Bonnie S. Kerlee. Four children. Address: Whittier, N. C.

GEORGE W. WILSON.

George W. Wilson, Democrat, of Transylvania County, was born in Buncombe County, N. C, October 10, 1838. Son of William and Ruth (Clayton) Wilson. Educated in common schools. Fanner. Sheriff of Transylvania County. Representative in the General As sembly six times since 1S75. State Senator in 1889. United Stales Marshal. Representative from Transylvania County in the General Assembly of 1909. Committees: Banks and Currency. Constitutional Amendment, Finance, Mines and Mining, Penal Institutions. Pen- ions, Propositions and Grievances, Public Service Corporations, Sala- ries and Fees. Interested in legislation affecting game. Presbyte-

•ian. Married, April, 1867. Four children. Address : Penrose, N. C.

MARK MAJETTE.

Mark Ma.tette, Democrat, of Tyrrell County, was horn at Como, lertford County, N. C, September 19, 1865. Son of William Jethro ind O. V. J. (Barnes) Majette. Educated at Buckhorn Academy Como, N. C), University of North Carolina. Studied law at the Jniversity of North Carolina. Lawyer. Chairman Democratic Exec itive Committee of Tyrrell County, 1892-1894. Mayor of Columbia, 276

from 1888-1900, 1005-1907. Representative iu General Assembly Tyr- Cities rell County, 1909. Committees: Judiciary, Education, Counties, and Towns. Pensions, Finance, Public Roads and Turnpikes, Game. Interested in legislation to secure adequate relief for Confederate veterans. Fraternal order: J. O. U. A. M. (Representative State Council). Baptist; Historian Chowan Baptist Association. Married, July. 1896, Miss Bettie S. Jordan. Address: Columbia, N. C.

ROBERT XEY McXEELY.

Robert Ney McNeely, Democrat, of Union County, was born at Waxhaw, N. C, November 12, 18S3. Son of William Robert and Malissa Henrietta (Belk) McNeely. Educated at College Hill School. 1888-1900; Waxhaw Schools, 1902-1903; University of North Caro- lina. 1905-1907. Studied law at University of North Carolina. Law- yer. Clerk and Treasurer of City of Monroe. 1907-1908. Representa- tive in General Assembly from Union County, 1000. Committees: Enrolled Bills, Judiciary No. 1, Claims, Propositions and Grievances, Revision of Laws. Interested in legislation affecting good roads and now of Mon- pure election law. Fraternal order : Masons ( Secretary Deacon. in schools! roe Lodge No. 214). Presbyterian ; Taught public of Union County, 1900-1902. Rural Free Deliverynian on route No. 2J from Waxhaw, X. C. 1903-1905. Address: Monroe, N. C.

REUBEN WEDDINGTON LEMMOND. Reuben Weddington Lemmond, Democrat, of Union County, was Eliza E. Lem- born May 20, 1872. Son of Cyrus Q. and (Harrison) mond. Educated at Union Institute, 1S90-1804 ; Sandy Ridge High School. Attended University of North Carolina Law School in 190lJ Recorder Lawyer. Cotton-weigher for Union County, 1899. Assistant of Union County, 1907. Chairman Democratic Executive Committee of Union County since 1906. Representative in General Assembly from Union County, 1909. Committees: Internal Improvements

(Chairman), Corporations, Public Service Corporations, Judiciary , Justices of the Peace. Fraternal orders: Masons (Master of Lodge 277

in 1905, now District Deputy Grand Master), I. O. O. P., K. of P. (was C. C, now K. of R. and S. and Representative), I). <). It. R. and F. O. E. Presbyterian; Deacon. Married, in 1899, .Miss Ellen It. Hunter. Four children. Taught school in Mecklenburg and Union Counties, 1894-1899. Address: Monroe, N. C.

BENNETT HESTER PERRY.

Bennett Hester Perry, Democrat, of Vance County, was born in Granville County, N. C, November 23, L884. Son of Redding and Fannie Cooper (Hester) Perry. Educated at Horner Military School, of University North Carolina, LL. B., 1907. College honors : chief ball manager, 1906; business manager of University Magazine, 1905; track team. 1903-1904; Phi Society; Economic Club; Theta Nu Bpsilon; Delta Kappa Epsilon (college fraternity) ; Gorgon's Head. Won Bryau prize for best thesis in law class, 1907. University of North Carolina Law School, LL. B., 1907. Lawyer. Chairman Vance County Anti- saloon League. Representative in General Assembly from Vance County, 1909. Committees: Joint Committee on Revision of Laws (Chairman), Engrossed Bills, Penal Institutions, Corporations, Consti- tutional Amendment, Judiciary. Fraternal order: Masons. Episco palian; Superintendent of neighborhood Sunday school since 1908.

Address : Henderson, N. C.

ALBERT LYMAN CON.

Albert Lyman Cox, Democrat, of Wake County, was born at Ra- leigh, N. G, December 11, 1883. Sou of William Ruffin and Fannie Augusta (Lyman) Cox. Educated in Washington (D. C.) public schools, Horner Military School, University of North Carolina. A. B. and A. M., 1904. Studied law at Harvard Law School, 1904-1906. Lawyer. Representative in the General Assembly from Wake County, 1909. Committees: Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman), A.p

I propriations, Judiciary No. 1, Insurance. .Military Affairs, Constitu

tioTial Amendment. Fraternal orders : Sigma Alpha Epsilon (college fraternity). Phi Delta Phi (legal fraternity), Masons. I'ythiaiis. Episcopalian. Address: Raleigh. N. C. 278

JOHN W. HINSDALE. Jr.

John W. Hinsdale, Jr., Democrat, Representative from Wake County. Address: Raleigh, N. C.

E. T. SCARBORO.

E. T. Scarboro, Democrat, of Wake County, was born at Eagle N. Rock, C, January 28, 1857. Son of George W. and Marina (Al- ford) Scarboro. Educated in local schools. Farmer. Representative in the General from Assembly Wake County, 1909. Committees : Im- migration, Enrolled Bills, Internal Improvements, Privileges and Elections. Interested in legislation affecting road laws. Baptist; School Sunday Superintendent. Address : Eagle Rock, N, C.

T. O. RODWELL.

T. O. Rodwell, Democrat, of Warren County, was born in Warren County. N. C, February 17. 1875. Son of William Brown and Mary D. (Egerton) Rodwell. Educated at Macon High School. Studied law at Wake Forest Law School, 1900. Lawyer. Mayor of Littleton, N. C 1903. Representative in General Assembly. 1907. 1909. Com- mittees: Judiciary. Military Affairs, Claims. Courts and Judicial Districts, Privileges and Elections, Propositions and Grievances, Pub- lic Service Corporations, Regulation of Liquor Traffic (Chairman). Interested in legislation affecting education and temperance. Metho- dist. Address: Warrenton, N. C*

CHARLES W. SNELL.

Charles W. Snell, Republican, of Washington County, was born in Washington County, N. C, November 8, 1S58. Son of Silas H. and Frances A. (Leary) Snell. Educated at Pantego Academy, 1879; J. A. W. Thompson High School (Siler City. X. C), 1S88; Smith's Commercial College (Lexington, Ky.). 1892. Merchant and farmer. Chairman of Republican County Executive Committee of Washington 279

County. Representative in General Assembly from Washington County, 1887, 1891, 1909. Committees: Fish and Fisheries, Federal Relations, Agriculture and Shellfish. Interested in legislation affecting education, drainage and good roads. Fraternal order: Masons. Disciple. Married, November 19, 1897. Miss Eva V. Leggett. Address: Mackeys Ferry, N. C.

SMITH HAGEMAN.

Smith Hageman, Democrat, of Watauga County, was horn in Wa- tauga County, N. C, May 6, 1868. Son of Hugh and Elizabeth (Wil- son) Hageman. Educated at Cove Creek Academy, 1889. Fanner and merchant. Representative in General Assembly from \\'aran.ur a

County, 1909. Committees : Propositions and Grievances, Agricul- ture, Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb, Immigration, Education, Federal Relations, Mines and Mining. Interested in legislation all. ing railroads for Watauga County. Baptist; Clerk of Association for past twelve years. Married, in 1892. Miss Blanche Sherrill. Four children. Address: Vilas, N. C, R. F. D. 1.

JAMES EDGAR KELLY.

James Edgar Kelly, Democrat, of Wayne County, was born in Clinton, N. C, April 8, 1869. Son of Isaac James and Eliza (William- son) Kelly. Educated in Burgaw High School. 1877-1881. Banker and farmer. President Citizens Bank of Mount Olive. Alderman of iMount Olive since 1908. Representative in General Assembly from (Wayne County, 1909. Committees: Insurance. Corporations, Coun- ties, Cities, Towns and Townships, Deaf and Dumb Institutions, Courts and Judicial Districts, Federal Relations, Banks and Currency. Presbyterian; elected a Ruling Elder in 19(H). Address: Mount Olive, N. C.

JOHN M. MITCHELL.

John M. Mitchell, Democrat, of Wayne County, was born in Wayne County, November 10, 1869. Son of - and Amanda (Woodard) Mitchell. Educated at Fremont .Military Institute (Fre 280

niont. N. C. ). Farmer. Representative in General Assembly from Wayne County, 1909. Committees: Agriculture, Engrossed Bills, Mil- itary Affairs, Insane Asylums, Education, Public Roads, Public Build- ings and Grounds, Immigration (Chairman). Fraternal order: J. O. U. Presi- A. M. Methodist ; Steward ; Trustee ; Parsonage Trustee. dent Wayne County Sunday School Association. Married, July 7,

1897, Miss Minnie O. Bass. Address : Goldsboro. N. C.

ABNER CAUDILL.

Abner Caudill, Republican, of Wilkes County, was born at Roar- ing River, N. C, August 11, 1879. Son of Abner and Nancy (Absher) Caudill. Educated in schools in North Wilkesboro, 1900-1901. Mer- chant and manufacturer. Representative in General Assembly from Wilkes County, 1909. Committees: Public Buildings and Grounds,

Counties, Cities and Towns, Constitutional Amendment. Baptist ; Clerk from 1902 to 1906. Married, December 25, 190G, Miss Fannie Matilda Woodruff. Address: Hays, N. C.

THOMAS NORMAN HAYES.

Thomas Norman Hayes, Republican, of Wilkes County, was born at Purlear, N. C, April 9. 1S84. Son of John L. and Sarah J. (Mc- Neill) Hayes. Educated at Summerneld High School, 1902-1903": Wake Forest College, B. A., 1907; M. A., LL. P.., 1908. Won Junior; Orator's Medal. 1906. Associate Editor of The Student, 1906-1907. First Debater at the Anniversary, 1907; Librarian. 1905-1908; Com- mencement Speaker. Lawyer. Representative from Wilkes County in General Assembly of 190!). Baptist.

GEORGE WHITFIELD CONNOR.

George Whitfield Connor, Democrat, of Wilson County, was bon in Wilson. N. C, October 24, 1872. Son of H. G. and Kate (Whitfield) Connor. Educated at Wilson Graded Schools, University of NortB I'M

Carolina, A. B., 1892. Editor of University Magazine; \\ sentatives' Medal. 1891, and Debaters' Medal. 1892. Lawyer. Sigma Alpha Epsilon (college fraternity). Chairman Board of Education of Wilson County, 1905-1908. Representative in the General Assem- bly from Wilson County, 1909. Committees: Education (Chairman), Judiciary, Salaries and Pees, Counties, cities and Towns, Health Fraternal order: Knights of Pythias. Episcopalian. Married Miss Bessie Hadley. Two children. Address: Wilson. X. C.

FRANK W. HANES.

Frank W. Hanes. Republican, of Yadkin County, was horn in \ < i kin County. X. C, September 20, 1876. Son of A. M. ami I.. .1. i Fool » Banes. Educated at Cona High School. Yadkin Normal School (Yad- kinville. X. C), Wake Forest College, 1N'.>'.>. Member of Euzelian So- ciety. Read law at Wake Forest Law School. Lawyer. Attorney for Board of County Commissioners. Representative in General Assem- bly from Yadkin County, 11)07. 1909. Committees: Judiciary No. I. Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb, Penal Institutions. Corporatio Federal Relations, Privileges and Elections, Regulation of Liquor

Traffic. Fraternal orders: Masons, K. of P.. J. < >. V. A. M. Presby- terian. Address: Yadkinville. X. C.

DAVID M. BUCK.

David M. Pick. Democrat, of Yancey County, was born at Lee's ,u Mills, Ya. Son of E. C. and Cilia A. I Lee i Buck. Educated Millagan College, 1893-1894. Fanner. Representative in General Aa sembly from Yancey County. L909. Committees: Propositions and Grievances, Finance, Game, Institutions for the Deaf and Dumb, Interna] Improvements, Immigration. Fraternal orders: Masons, Odd Fellows. Knights of Pythias (W. M. of local lodge of Masons).

Christian Church. Married November • '>. 1901, Miss Pearl Ramsej Three children. Address: Paid .Mountain. X. C.