Florida Commission on Hurricane Loss Projection Methodology
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8.1 Recent Results from Noaa's Hurricane Intensity Forecast Experiment (Ifex)
8.1 RECENT RESULTS FROM NOAA'S HURRICANE INTENSITY FORECAST EXPERIMENT (IFEX) Frank Marks1 NOAA/AOML, Hurricane Research Division, Miami, FL 1. INTRODUCTION project in July 2005, the NRL P-3 during the NSF- sponsored RAINEX project in August and September In 2005 and 2006, NOAA's Hurricane Research 2005, and the NASA DC-8 during the NASA African Division (HRD), part of the Atlantic Oceanographic and Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (NAMMA) in Meteorological Laboratory, began a multi-year September 2006. experiment called the Intensity Forecasting Experiment The IFEX goals advanced during 2005 and 2006 (IFEX). Developed in partnership with NOAA's National hurricane seasons are briefly described below. Centers for Environmental Prediction’s (NCEP) Environmental Modeling Center (EMC) and National a) GOAL 1: Observations of TCs at various lifecycle Hurricane Center (NHC), Aircraft Operations Center stages (AOC), and National Environmental Satellite Data The distribution of flights stratified by TC lifecycle Information Service (NESDIS), IFEX is intended to stage for 2005 and 2006 indicated roughly 20% of the improve the prediction of hurricane intensity change by flights were in TCs either in the depression or pre- • collecting observations that span the TC lifecycle in depression stage, a much larger proportion compared a variety of environments; with previous years. Many of these observations were • developing and refining measurement technologies collected as a part of the frequent-monitoring that provide improved real-time monitoring of experiment: tropical cyclone (TC) intensity, structure, and environment; and 1) Frequent-monitoring experiment • improving our understanding of the physical This experiment was designed to provide airborne processes important in intensity change for a TC at Doppler data sets at all stages of a TC’s lifecycle that all stages of its lifecycle. -
Historical Changes in the Mississippi-Alabama Barrier Islands and the Roles of Extreme Storms, Sea Level, and Human Activities
HISTORICAL CHANGES IN THE MISSISSIPPI-ALABAMA BARRIER ISLANDS AND THE ROLES OF EXTREME STORMS, SEA LEVEL, AND HUMAN ACTIVITIES Robert A. Morton 88∞46'0"W 88∞44'0"W 88∞42'0"W 88∞40'0"W 88∞38'0"W 88∞36'0"W 88∞34'0"W 88∞32'0"W 88∞30'0"W 88∞28'0"W 88∞26'0"W 88∞24'0"W 88∞22'0"W 88∞20'0"W 88∞18'0"W 30∞18'0"N 30∞18'0"N 30∞20'0"N Horn Island 30∞20'0"N Petit Bois Island 30∞16'0"N 30∞16'0"N 30∞18'0"N 30∞18'0"N 2005 2005 1996 Dauphin Island 1996 2005 1986 1986 30∞16'0"N Kilometers 30∞14'0"N 0 1 2 3 4 5 1966 30∞16'0"N 1950 30∞14'0"N 1950 Kilometers 1917 0 1 2 3 4 5 1917 1848 1849 30∞14'0"N 30∞14'0"N 30∞12'0"N 30∞12'0"N 30∞12'0"N 30∞12'0"N 30∞10'0"N 30∞10'0"N 88∞46'0"W 88∞44'0"W 88∞42'0"W 88∞40'0"W 88∞38'0"W 88∞36'0"W 88∞34'0"W 88∞32'0"W 88∞30'0"W 88∞28'0"W 88∞26'0"W 88∞24'0"W 88∞22'0"W 88∞20'0"W 88∞18'0"W 89∞10'0"W 89∞8'0"W 89∞6'0"W 89∞4'0"W 88∞58'0"W 88∞56'0"W 88∞54'0"W 88∞52'0"W 30∞16'0"N Cat Island Ship Island 30∞16'0"N 2005 30∞14'0"N 1996 30∞14'0"N 1986 Kilometers 1966 0 1 2 3 30∞14'0"N 1950 30∞14'0"N 1917 1848 Fort 2005 Massachusetts 1995 1986 Kilometers 1966 0 1 2 3 30∞12'0"N 1950 30∞12'0"N 1917 30∞12'0"N 30∞12'0"N 1848 89∞10'0"W 89∞8'0"W 89∞6'0"W 89∞4'0"W 88∞58'0"W 88∞56'0"W 88∞54'0"W 88∞52'0"W Open-File Report 2007-1161 U.S. -
Program At-A-Glance
Sunday, 29 September 2019 Dinner (6:30–8:00 PM) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Monday, 30 September 2019 Breakfast (7:00–8:00 AM) Session 1: Extratropical Cyclone Structure and Dynamics: Part I (8:00–10:00 AM) Chair: Michael Riemer Time Author(s) Title 8:00–8:40 Spengler 100th Anniversary of the Bergen School of Meteorology Paper Raveh-Rubin 8:40–9:00 Climatology and Dynamics of the Link Between Dry Intrusions and Cold Fronts and Catto Tochimoto 9:00–9:20 Structures of Extratropical Cyclones Developing in Pacific Storm Track and Niino 9:20–9:40 Sinclair and Dacre Poleward Moisture Transport by Extratropical Cyclones in the Southern Hemisphere 9:40–10:00 Discussion Break (10:00–10:30 AM) Session 2: Jet Dynamics and Diagnostics (10:30 AM–12:10 PM) Chair: Victoria Sinclair Time Author(s) Title Breeden 10:30–10:50 Evidence for Nonlinear Processes in Fostering a North Pacific Jet Retraction and Martin Finocchio How the Jet Stream Controls the Downstream Response to Recurving 10:50–11:10 and Doyle Tropical Cyclones: Insights from Idealized Simulations 11:10–11:30 Madsen and Martin Exploring Characteristic Intraseasonal Transitions of the Wintertime Pacific Jet Stream The Role of Subsidence during the Development of North American 11:30–11:50 Winters et al. Polar/Subtropical Jet Superpositions 11:50–12:10 Discussion Lunch (12:10–1:10 PM) Session 3: Rossby Waves (1:10–3:10 PM) Chair: Annika Oertel Time Author(s) Title Recurrent Synoptic-Scale Rossby Wave Patterns and Their Effect on the Persistence of 1:10–1:30 Röthlisberger et al. -
Ex-Hurricane Ophelia 16 October 2017
Ex-Hurricane Ophelia 16 October 2017 On 16 October 2017 ex-hurricane Ophelia brought very strong winds to western parts of the UK and Ireland. This date fell on the exact 30th anniversary of the Great Storm of 16 October 1987. Ex-hurricane Ophelia (named by the US National Hurricane Center) was the second storm of the 2017-2018 winter season, following Storm Aileen on 12 to 13 September. The strongest winds were around Irish Sea coasts, particularly west Wales, with gusts of 60 to 70 Kt or higher in exposed coastal locations. Impacts The most severe impacts were across the Republic of Ireland, where three people died from falling trees (still mostly in full leaf at this time of year). There was also significant disruption across western parts of the UK, with power cuts affecting thousands of homes and businesses in Wales and Northern Ireland, and damage reported to a stadium roof in Barrow, Cumbria. Flights from Manchester and Edinburgh to the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland were cancelled, and in Wales some roads and railway lines were closed. Ferry services between Wales and Ireland were also disrupted. Storm Ophelia brought heavy rain and very mild temperatures caused by a southerly airflow drawing air from the Iberian Peninsula. Weather data Ex-hurricane Ophelia moved on a northerly track to the west of Spain and then north along the west coast of Ireland, before sweeping north-eastwards across Scotland. The sequence of analysis charts from 12 UTC 15 to 12 UTC 17 October shows Ophelia approaching and tracking across Ireland and Scotland. -
The Effects of Diabatic Heating on Upper
THE EFFECTS OF DIABATIC HEATING ON UPPER- TROPOSPHERIC ANTICYCLOGENESIS by Ross A. Lazear A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences) at the UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN - MADISON 2007 i Abstract The role of diabatic heating in the development and maintenance of persistent, upper- tropospheric, large-scale anticyclonic anomalies in the subtropics (subtropical gyres) and middle latitudes (blocking highs) is investigated from the perspective of potential vorticity (PV) non-conservation. The low PV within blocking anticyclones is related to condensational heating within strengthening upstream synoptic-scale systems. Additionally, the associated convective outflow from tropical cyclones (TCs) is shown to build upper- tropospheric, subtropical anticyclones. Not only do both of these large-scale flow phenomena have an impact on the structure and dynamics of neighboring weather systems, and consequently the day-to-day weather, the very persistence of these anticyclones means that they have a profound influence on the seasonal climate of the regions in which they exist. A blocking index based on the meridional reversal of potential temperature on the dynamic tropopause is used to identify cases of wintertime blocking in the North Atlantic from 2000-2007. Two specific cases of blocking are analyzed, one event from February 1983, and another identified using the index, from January 2007. Parallel numerical simulations of these blocking events, differing only in one simulation’s neglect of the effects of latent heating of condensation (a “fake dry” run), illustrate the importance of latent heating in the amplification and wave-breaking of both blocking events. -
ANNUAL SUMMARY Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2005
MARCH 2008 ANNUAL SUMMARY 1109 ANNUAL SUMMARY Atlantic Hurricane Season of 2005 JOHN L. BEVEN II, LIXION A. AVILA,ERIC S. BLAKE,DANIEL P. BROWN,JAMES L. FRANKLIN, RICHARD D. KNABB,RICHARD J. PASCH,JAMIE R. RHOME, AND STACY R. STEWART Tropical Prediction Center, NOAA/NWS/National Hurricane Center, Miami, Florida (Manuscript received 2 November 2006, in final form 30 April 2007) ABSTRACT The 2005 Atlantic hurricane season was the most active of record. Twenty-eight storms occurred, includ- ing 27 tropical storms and one subtropical storm. Fifteen of the storms became hurricanes, and seven of these became major hurricanes. Additionally, there were two tropical depressions and one subtropical depression. Numerous records for single-season activity were set, including most storms, most hurricanes, and highest accumulated cyclone energy index. Five hurricanes and two tropical storms made landfall in the United States, including four major hurricanes. Eight other cyclones made landfall elsewhere in the basin, and five systems that did not make landfall nonetheless impacted land areas. The 2005 storms directly caused nearly 1700 deaths. This includes approximately 1500 in the United States from Hurricane Katrina— the deadliest U.S. hurricane since 1928. The storms also caused well over $100 billion in damages in the United States alone, making 2005 the costliest hurricane season of record. 1. Introduction intervals for all tropical and subtropical cyclones with intensities of 34 kt or greater; Bell et al. 2000), the 2005 By almost all standards of measure, the 2005 Atlantic season had a record value of about 256% of the long- hurricane season was the most active of record. -
Florida Hurricanes and Tropical Storms
FLORIDA HURRICANES AND TROPICAL STORMS 1871-1995: An Historical Survey Fred Doehring, Iver W. Duedall, and John M. Williams '+wcCopy~~ I~BN 0-912747-08-0 Florida SeaGrant College is supported by award of the Office of Sea Grant, NationalOceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce,grant number NA 36RG-0070, under provisions of the NationalSea Grant College and Programs Act of 1966. This information is published by the Sea Grant Extension Program which functionsas a coinponentof the Florida Cooperative Extension Service, John T. Woeste, Dean, in conducting Cooperative Extensionwork in Agriculture, Home Economics, and Marine Sciences,State of Florida, U.S. Departmentof Agriculture, U.S. Departmentof Commerce, and Boards of County Commissioners, cooperating.Printed and distributed in furtherance af the Actsof Congressof May 8 andJune 14, 1914.The Florida Sea Grant Collegeis an Equal Opportunity-AffirmativeAction employer authorizedto provide research, educational information and other servicesonly to individuals and institutions that function without regardto race,color, sex, age,handicap or nationalorigin. Coverphoto: Hank Brandli & Rob Downey LOANCOPY ONLY Florida Hurricanes and Tropical Storms 1871-1995: An Historical survey Fred Doehring, Iver W. Duedall, and John M. Williams Division of Marine and Environmental Systems, Florida Institute of Technology Melbourne, FL 32901 Technical Paper - 71 June 1994 $5.00 Copies may be obtained from: Florida Sea Grant College Program University of Florida Building 803 P.O. Box 110409 Gainesville, FL 32611-0409 904-392-2801 II Our friend andcolleague, Fred Doehringpictured below, died on January 5, 1993, before this manuscript was completed. Until his death, Fred had spent the last 18 months painstakingly researchingdata for this book. -
As Diagnosed with a Generalized Omega Equation and Vorticity Equation
Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography ISSN: (Print) 1600-0870 (Online) Journal homepage: https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/zela20 The extratropical transition of Hurricane Ophelia (2017) as diagnosed with a generalized omega equation and vorticity equation Mika Rantanen, Jouni Räisänen, Victoria A. Sinclair, Juha Lento & Heikki Järvinen To cite this article: Mika Rantanen, Jouni Räisänen, Victoria A. Sinclair, Juha Lento & Heikki Järvinen (2020) The extratropical transition of Hurricane Ophelia (2017) as diagnosed with a generalized omega equation and vorticity equation, Tellus A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, 72:1, 1-26, DOI: 10.1080/16000870.2020.1721215 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/16000870.2020.1721215 Tellus A: 2020. © 2020 The Author(s). View supplementary material Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Published online: 03 Feb 2020. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 504 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at https://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=zela20 SERIES A DYANAMIC METEOROLOGY Tellus AND OCEANOGRAPHY PUBLISHED BY THE INTERNATIONAL METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE IN STOCKHOLM The extratropical transition of Hurricane Ophelia (2017) as diagnosed with a generalized omega equation and vorticity equation 1Ã 1 1 2 By MIKA RANTANEN , JOUNI RÄISÄNEN , VICTORIA A. SINCLAIR , JUHA LENTO , and HEIKKI JÄRVINEN1, 1Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; 2CSC–IT Center for Science, Espoo, Finland (Manuscript Received 14 June 2019; in final form 20 November 2019) ABSTRACT Hurricane Ophelia was a category 3 hurricane which underwent extratropical transition and made landfall in Europe as an exceptionally strong post-tropical cyclone in October 2017. -
Plant Communities of Selected Dunes and Sandy Areas of Florida - As Laboratories for High School Biology
PLANT COMMUNITIES OF SELECTED DUNES AND SANDY AREAS OF FLORIDA - AS LABORATORIES FOR HIGH SCHOOL BIOLOGY By WILLIAM YANCEY BENNETT A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE COUNCIL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA June, 1961 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The writer wishes to thank Prof. Erdman West for valuable assistance in plant identification. Sincere ap- preciation is due Dr. N. E. Bingham, chairman of the super- visory committee, for his direction and advice during the preparation of this work. Gratitude is extended to Dr. E. 3. Ford, of the supervisory committee, for his advice on special botanical problems and for his criticism of the manuscript* The author is indebted to other members of the supervisory committee, Drs. Douglas E. 3cates, Clara M. Olson and Robert D. Powell for their constructive criticism of the manuscript. Especial gratitude is expressed for the late Dr. Leon N. Henderson, whose interest and encouragement were so val- uable to the writer. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ii LIST OF TABLES v LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS . vi Chapter I. INTRODUCTION 1 t T Statement of the Problem Limitations and Definition of Terms Selection of Areas Plan of Dissertation II. ORIGIN OF FLORIDA SANDS . 9 Geological History Soil Types III. FINDINGS . « 25 Nature of a Plant Community Specific Plant Communities Samples of Vegetational Communities Summary IV. PLANT COMMUNITIES USED AS LABORATORIES 103 Introduction Facts to be Investigated in All Plant Communities Some Observable Factors Found in Plant Communities Equipment to be Included in Preparations for Activities Planning a Field Trip Summary iii Page Chapter 7. -
FSU ETD Template
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2017 Crawl Out through the Fallout?: Civil Defense, the Cold War, and American Memory Matthew Byrne Storey Follow this and additional works at the DigiNole: FSU's Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES “CRAWL OUT THROUGH THE FALLOUT?” CIVIL DEFENSE, THE COLD WAR, AND AMERICAN MEMORY By MATTHEW BYRNE STOREY A Thesis submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts 2017 Matthew Byrne Storey defended this thesis on March 24, 2017 The members of the supervisory committee were: Jennifer Koslow Professor Directing Thesis Michael Creswell Committee Member Jonathan Grant Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the thesis has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii For my parents iii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures ............................................................................................................................. v Abstract ..................................................................................................................................... vi 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1 2. THE OFFICIAL NARRATIVE OF CIVIL DEFENSE ........................................................ -
The Extratropical Transition of Hurricane Ophelia (2017) As Diagnosed with a Generalized Omega Equation and Vorticity Equation
The extratropical transition of Hurricane Ophelia (2017) as diagnosed with a generalized omega equation and vorticity equation 1 1 1 1 Mika Rantanen , Jouni Räisänen , Victoria A. Sinclair and Heikki Järvinen 1 I nstitute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland Hurricane Ophelia was a category 3 hurricane which underwent an extratropical transition and made landfall in Europe as an exceptionally strong post-tropical cyclone in October 2017. In Ireland, for instance, Ophelia was the worst storm in 50 years and resulted in significant damage and loss of life. In this study, the different physical processes affecting Ophelia’s transformation from a hurricane to a mid-latitude cyclone are studied. For this purpose, we have developed software which uses OpenIFS model output and a system consisting of a generalized omega equation and vorticity equation. By using these two equations, the atmospheric vertical motion and vorticity tendency are separated into the contributions from different physical processes: vorticity advection, thermal advection, friction, diabatic heating, and the imbalance between the temperature and vorticity tendencies. Vorticity advection, which is often considered an important forcing for the development of mid-latitude cyclones, is shown to play a small role in the re-intensification of Ophelia as an extratropical storm. This is because the effects of divergent and non-divergent components of vorticity advection mainly cancelled each other out, resulting in a net effect close to zero. However, our results show that diabatic heating was the dominate forcing in both the tropical and extratropical phases of Ophelia. Furthermore, we calculated in more detail the diabatic heating contributions from different model parameterizations. -
Tropical Storm Fay August 18-23, 2008
Tropical Storm Fay August 18-23, 2008 Tropical Storm Fay radar-based rainfall accumulation The Preliminary Summary Report, containing all storm-related data gathered from east-central Florida, including wind, rainfall and barometric pressure extremes. National Hurricane Center Summary of Tropical Storm Fay (pdf) Three tornadoes were reported with Fay. They are documented here. Rainfall map, from NOAA's Weather Prediction Center More maps are available at the WPC's website Brevard County has also produced a map of rainfall This map (pdf format) can "zoom in" for more detail. 3-hour radar-based rainfall estimates Day animated gif 18th loop0818.gif 19th loop0819.gif 20th loop0820.gif 21st loop0821.gif PRELIMINARY data indicates that this event is the 4th wettest tropical cyclone to affect the state of Florida and by far the wettest for east central Florida. A maximum rainfall total of 27.65 occurred 8 miles NW of Melbourne. The previous rainfall record for a tropical cyclone in the region was set in 1950, when Hurricane King dumped 15.44" of rain on Patrick Air Force Base near Cape Canaveral. Hurricane Wilma of 2005 holds third place--it dumped 13.26" on Kennedy Space Center. The "top ten" list for Florida follows: Storm Name (Year) Max Rainfall (ins) Location Easy (1950) 38.70 Yankeetown Georges (1998) 38.46 Munson Unnamed (1941) 35.00 Trenton Dennis (1985) 25.56 Homestead TD 1A (1992) 25.00 Arcadia Tower Jeanne (1980) 29.48 Key West Dora (1964) 23.73 Mayo TD (1969) 23.40 Havana Unnamed (1924) 23.22 Marcos Island Bob (1985) 21.50 Everglades City Alberto (1994) 21.38 Niceville Below is a map depicting the wind fields of Tropical Storm Fay (Click the map to see a larger version) Map based upon data provided by NOAA's Hurricane Research Division Photographs of Flooding in the Melbourne Area POST TROPICAL CYCLONE REPORT...TROPICAL STORM FAY NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE MELBOURNE FL 225 PM EDT TUE SEP 2 2008...UPDATE 3 UPDATE...FOR KCOF: ADDED MIN PRES...UPDATED MAX SUSTAINED WIND AND TOTAL PRECIP.