Polar Travel & Exploration October 2020 New
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The Big Walls, by Reinhold Messner, Translated by Audrey Salkeld
The Big Walls, by Reinhold Messner, Translated by Audrey Salkeld. New York: Oxford University Press, 1978. 144 pages. Price $19.95. The immediate impression is good. Here is a handsome book about some of the most interesting climbs on record, and a book, moreover, by Reinhold Messner, who is arguably the most successful climber on the world stage today. We start in the Alps, make a quick swing into South America, and end up in the Himalaya, and in so doing are taken up not only the Three Big Walls of the Alps, but also the Three Big Walls of the World. When the reader gets down to the substance of the book, however, he may be in trouble. Is this a book in the great climbs format? There are photodiagrams of the climbs, with the usual dotted lines and notes on equipment and so forth. But the amount of detail is woefully inadequate, and no one would embark on any of these climbs without seeking better sources. In this an autobiographical work? There is quite a bit of personal anecdote, yet so many of Messner’s major climbs are omitted, while relatively unimportant ones are included. Further more, Messner has written a book on the Rupal Face of Nanga Parbat, and the treatment here is brief. What is the theme, the connecting link, between these Big Walls and the histories and personal experiences that Messner weaves into his book? Are there, in fact, Three Big Walls of the World—or is it just a handy concept around which to structure a book? Messner is a pro lific writer, and a good one, and in the last analysis it seems that here we have an author in search of a subject. -
Transits of the Northwest Passage to End of the 2019 Navigation Season Atlantic Ocean ↔ Arctic Ocean ↔ Pacific Ocean
TRANSITS OF THE NORTHWEST PASSAGE TO END OF THE 2019 NAVIGATION SEASON ATLANTIC OCEAN ↔ ARCTIC OCEAN ↔ PACIFIC OCEAN R. K. Headland and colleagues 12 December 2019 Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom, CB2 1ER. <[email protected]> The earliest traverse of the Northwest Passage was completed in 1853 but used sledges over the sea ice of the central part of Parry Channel. Subsequently the following 314 complete maritime transits of the Northwest Passage have been made to the end of the 2019 navigation season, before winter began and the passage froze. These transits proceed to or from the Atlantic Ocean (Labrador Sea) in or out of the eastern approaches to the Canadian Arctic archipelago (Lancaster Sound or Foxe Basin) then the western approaches (McClure Strait or Amundsen Gulf), across the Beaufort Sea and Chukchi Sea of the Arctic Ocean, through the Bering Strait, from or to the Bering Sea of the Pacific Ocean. The Arctic Circle is crossed near the beginning and the end of all transits except those to or from the central or northern coast of west Greenland. The routes and directions are indicated. Details of submarine transits are not included because only two have been reported (1960 USS Sea Dragon, Capt. George Peabody Steele, westbound on route 1 and 1962 USS Skate, Capt. Joseph Lawrence Skoog, eastbound on route 1). Seven routes have been used for transits of the Northwest Passage with some minor variations (for example through Pond Inlet and Navy Board Inlet) and two composite courses in summers when ice was minimal (transits 149 and 167). -
Going up a Mountain
Going Up a Mountain Going Up a Mountain by ReadWorks Mount Everest is the tallest mountain in the world. It is located in the country of Nepal. It is 8,848 meters tall. This means it is just over five-and-a-half miles in height. Until 1953, nobody had successfully climbed Mount Everest, though many had tried. Mount Everest has steep slopes. Many climbers have slipped and fallen to their deaths. The mountain is very windy. Parts of it are covered with snow. Many mountaineers would get caught in snowstorms and be unable to climb. The mountain is rocky. Sometimes, during snowstorms, rocks would tumble down the slopes of the mountain. Any climbers trying to go up the mountain might be risking their lives. There is also very little oxygen atop Mount Everest. This is because the oxygen in the air reduces as we go higher. This means that it is difficult for climbers to breathe. The climbers usually take oxygen in cylinders to breathe. If they do take oxygen tanks, they have to carry extra weight on their backs. This slows them down. In 1953, a New Zealand-based climber, Edmund Hillary, and a Nepalese climber, Tenzing Norgay, climbed Mount Everest for the first time. They both took photographs on the peak. They then buried some sweets on the peak, as a gesture to celebrate their climb. But they ReadWorks.org · © 2014 ReadWorks®, Inc. All rights reserved. Going Up a Mountain could not stay for long, because it was windy and snowy. They soon came down. Later, many people asked Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay which of them had reached the peak first. -
Climate in Svalbard 2100
M-1242 | 2018 Climate in Svalbard 2100 – a knowledge base for climate adaptation NCCS report no. 1/2019 Photo: Ketil Isaksen, MET Norway Editors I.Hanssen-Bauer, E.J.Førland, H.Hisdal, S.Mayer, A.B.Sandø, A.Sorteberg CLIMATE IN SVALBARD 2100 CLIMATE IN SVALBARD 2100 Commissioned by Title: Date Climate in Svalbard 2100 January 2019 – a knowledge base for climate adaptation ISSN nr. Rapport nr. 2387-3027 1/2019 Authors Classification Editors: I.Hanssen-Bauer1,12, E.J.Førland1,12, H.Hisdal2,12, Free S.Mayer3,12,13, A.B.Sandø5,13, A.Sorteberg4,13 Clients Authors: M.Adakudlu3,13, J.Andresen2, J.Bakke4,13, S.Beldring2,12, R.Benestad1, W. Bilt4,13, J.Bogen2, C.Borstad6, Norwegian Environment Agency (Miljødirektoratet) K.Breili9, Ø.Breivik1,4, K.Y.Børsheim5,13, H.H.Christiansen6, A.Dobler1, R.Engeset2, R.Frauenfelder7, S.Gerland10, H.M.Gjelten1, J.Gundersen2, K.Isaksen1,12, C.Jaedicke7, H.Kierulf9, J.Kohler10, H.Li2,12, J.Lutz1,12, K.Melvold2,12, Client’s reference 1,12 4,6 2,12 5,8,13 A.Mezghani , F.Nilsen , I.B.Nilsen , J.E.Ø.Nilsen , http://www.miljodirektoratet.no/M1242 O. Pavlova10, O.Ravndal9, B.Risebrobakken3,13, T.Saloranta2, S.Sandven6,8,13, T.V.Schuler6,11, M.J.R.Simpson9, M.Skogen5,13, L.H.Smedsrud4,6,13, M.Sund2, D. Vikhamar-Schuler1,2,12, S.Westermann11, W.K.Wong2,12 Affiliations: See Acknowledgements! Abstract The Norwegian Centre for Climate Services (NCCS) is collaboration between the Norwegian Meteorological In- This report was commissioned by the Norwegian Environment Agency in order to provide basic information for use stitute, the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate, Norwegian Research Centre and the Bjerknes in climate change adaptation in Svalbard. -
Gerlache's Belgique in the Social Imaginary of Punta Arenas, 1897-1899
Volumen 4 Nº 3 (Julio-Septiembre, 2013), pp. 200-210. GERLACHE’S BELGIQUE IN THE SOCIAL IMAGINARY OF PUNTA ARENAS, 1897-1899 El BÉLGICA DE GERLACHE EN EL IMAGINARIO SOCIAL DE PUNTA ARENAS, 1897-1899 Mag. Mauricio Jara Fernández Universidad de Playa Ancha – Centre for Hemispheric and Polar Studies Valparaíso – Chile [email protected] FECHA DE RECEPCIÓN: 28 abril 2013 – FECHA DE ACEPTACIÓN: 2 junio 2013 ABSTRACT This article analyzes, based on the information in the newspaper El Magallanes of Punta Arenas and other publications, the perception that was created among the population of this southern Chilean city by the Antarctic expedition of between 1897 and 1899 and the activities carried out by the scientists and crew of the Belgique commanded by Lieutenant Adrien de Gerlache. Due to the fact that this expedition was made up of people from various nations and that it was aimed at reaching the South Pole provoked unusual interest and awoke an attractive interest for scientific topics and southern and antarctic policies. KEY WORDS Chile and Gerlache – Antarctica – Punta Arenas – Chilean Antarctic History RESUMEN El artículo analiza en base a informaciones del periódico El Magallanes de Punta Arenas y otras publicaciones, la percepción que se generó en la población de esta austral ciudad chilena por la expedición a la Antártica entre 1897 y 1899 y las actividades realizadas por los científicos y tripulantes del Bélgica comandado por el teniente Adrien de Gerlache. Por el hecho de ser una expedición integrada por personas de varias naciones y en busca del polo sur, su arribo y permanencia en la rada de Punta Arenas provocó un inusitado interés y despertó una atractiva afición por los temas científicos y políticos australes y antárticos. -
The Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition 1955-1958
THE COMMONWEALTH TRANS-ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION 1955-1958 HOW THE CROSSING OF ANTARCTICA MOVED NEW ZEALAND TO RECOGNISE ITS ANTARCTIC HERITAGE AND TAKE AN EQUAL PLACE AMONG ANTARCTIC NATIONS A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree PhD - Doctor of Philosophy (Antarctic Studies – History) University of Canterbury Gateway Antarctica Stephen Walter Hicks 2015 Statement of Authority & Originality I certify that the work in this thesis has not been previously submitted for a degree nor has it been submitted as part of requirements for a degree except as fully acknowledged within the text. I also certify that the thesis has been written by me. Any help that I have received in my research and the preparation of the thesis itself has been acknowledged. In addition, I certify that all information sources and literature used are indicated in the thesis. Elements of material covered in Chapter 4 and 5 have been published in: Electronic version: Stephen Hicks, Bryan Storey, Philippa Mein-Smith, ‘Against All Odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955-1958’, Polar Record, Volume00,(0), pp.1-12, (2011), Cambridge University Press, 2011. Print version: Stephen Hicks, Bryan Storey, Philippa Mein-Smith, ‘Against All Odds: the birth of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, 1955-1958’, Polar Record, Volume 49, Issue 1, pp. 50-61, Cambridge University Press, 2013 Signature of Candidate ________________________________ Table of Contents Foreword .................................................................................................................................. -
Checklist of Lichenicolous Fungi and Lichenicolous Lichens of Svalbard, Including New Species, New Records and Revisions
Herzogia 26 (2), 2013: 323 –359 323 Checklist of lichenicolous fungi and lichenicolous lichens of Svalbard, including new species, new records and revisions Mikhail P. Zhurbenko* & Wolfgang von Brackel Abstract: Zhurbenko, M. P. & Brackel, W. v. 2013. Checklist of lichenicolous fungi and lichenicolous lichens of Svalbard, including new species, new records and revisions. – Herzogia 26: 323 –359. Hainesia bryonorae Zhurb. (on Bryonora castanea), Lichenochora caloplacae Zhurb. (on Caloplaca species), Sphaerellothecium epilecanora Zhurb. (on Lecanora epibryon), and Trimmatostroma cetrariae Brackel (on Cetraria is- landica) are described as new to science. Forty four species of lichenicolous fungi (Arthonia apotheciorum, A. aspicili- ae, A. epiphyscia, A. molendoi, A. pannariae, A. peltigerina, Cercidospora ochrolechiae, C. trypetheliza, C. verrucosar- ia, Dacampia engeliana, Dactylospora aeruginosa, D. frigida, Endococcus fusiger, E. sendtneri, Epibryon conductrix, Epilichen glauconigellus, Lichenochora coppinsii, L. weillii, Lichenopeltella peltigericola, L. santessonii, Lichenostigma chlaroterae, L. maureri, Llimoniella vinosa, Merismatium decolorans, M. heterophractum, Muellerella atricola, M. erratica, Pronectria erythrinella, Protothelenella croceae, Skyttella mulleri, Sphaerellothecium parmeliae, Sphaeropezia santessonii, S. thamnoliae, Stigmidium cladoniicola, S. collematis, S. frigidum, S. leucophlebiae, S. mycobilimbiae, S. pseudopeltideae, Taeniolella pertusariicola, Tremella cetrariicola, Xenonectriella lutescens, X. ornamentata, -
Explorer's Gazette
EEXXPPLLOORREERR’’SS GGAAZZEETTTTEE Published Quarterly in Pensacola, Florida USA for the Old Antarctic Explorers Association Uniting All OAEs in Perpetuating the Memory of United States Involvement in Antarctica Volume 15, Issue 1 Old Antarctic Explorers Association, Inc Jan-Mar 2015 —Photo by Mary Stortstrom John Strider With His Print of the Famous Landing FIRST AMERICAN TO SET FOOT ON THE GEOGRAPHIC SOUTH POLE RECALLS DETAILS OF HIS EXPERIENCE Story by Mary Stortstrom The then-25-year-old Strider joined the newly The Journal Martinsburg West Virginia commissioned Air Development Squadron Six (VX-6) for 15 March 2015 the military mission, Operation Deep Freeze, a mission to Edited by Billy-Ace Baker support scientist during the International Geophysical Year. From Tennessee, Strider and the other men in VX-6 flew n the comfort of the Elmcroft senior living center, 85-year- to Alameda, California, from there to Hawaii, then Canton, I old John Philip Strider, retired US Navy chief petty the Christmas Islands, Fiji, and finally Christchurch, New officer, can still recall every detail of the historic Operation Zealand, the unit's last stop before flying to Antarctica. Deep Freeze II expedition to Antarctica. “Getting there was the big thing,” Strider said. “We had Strider said he remembers sitting and sharing a meal with to stop for gas, but we never stopped for crew rest because a few other members of his unit stationed in Tennessee in we had a big enough crew that we just slept on the plane and May of 1955 and hearing that the Bureau of Navy Personnel relieved each other of duties.” was looking for volunteers to go to Antarctica. -
SEADEVCON Maritime Award 2020 Goes to Professor Dr. Markus Rex
SEADEVCON Maritime Award 2020 Goes to Professor Dr. Markus Rex Leader of largest polar expedition in history - MOSAiC project investigating Arctic as epicenter of global warming - Award presented by Arved Fuchs - “A game changer in climate research” - Prize winner to participate virtually from North Pole Hamburg, 25 August 2020. The SEADEVCON Maritime Award 2020 (www.seadevcon.com) goes to Professor Dr. Markus Rex, Head of Atmospheric Physics in the Climate Sciences Division at the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, in Potsdam. Rex leads the on-going historic project named MOSAiC (Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate) involving hundreds of researchers from 20 countries (www.mosaic-expedition.org). Following in the footsteps of Fridtjof Nansen’s ground-breaking expedition with his wooden sailing ship Fram in 1893-1896, the MOSAiC expedition brings a modern research icebreaker, the German ship Polarstern, close to the north pole for a full year including for the first time in polar winter. The data gathered will be used by scientists around the globe to take climate research to a completely new level. The SEADEVCON Maritime Award is to recognize annually a personality whose “lifetime achievement is exemplary for the fight of a sustainable and respectful use of the world’s seas”. Highlighting the principle of continuity, the author and expedition leader Arved Fuchs, winner of the prize in 2019, will present this year’s honoree. Fuchs wholeheartedly endorses this selection: “The work of Markus Rex and his colleagues is simply no less than a game changer. I couldn’t be more supportive of what they are doing.” Carsten Bullemer, SEADEVCON founder and organiser, explains the choice: “Arved Fuchs is a hard act to follow, but in Markus Rex we have found a worthy successor. -
We Look for Light Within
“We look for light from within”: Shackleton’s Indomitable Spirit “For scientific discovery, give me Scott; for speed and efficiency of travel, give me Amundsen; but when you are in a hopeless situation, when you are seeing no way out, get down on your knees and pray for Shackleton.” — Raymond Priestley Shackleton—his name defines the “Heroic Age of Antarctica Exploration.” Setting out to be the first to the South Pole and later the first to cross the frozen continent, Ernest Shackleton failed. Sent home early from Robert F. Scott’s Discovery expedition, seven years later turning back less than 100 miles from the South Pole to save his men from certain death, and then in 1914 suffering disaster at the start of the Endurance expedition as his ship was trapped and crushed by ice, he seems an unlikely hero whose deeds would endure to this day. But leadership, courage, wisdom, trust, empathy, and strength define the man. Shackleton’s spirit continues to inspire in the 100th year after the rescue of the Endurance crew from Elephant Island. This exhibit is a learning collaboration between the Rauner Special Collections Library and “Pole to Pole,” an environmental studies course taught by Ross Virginia examining climate change in the polar regions through the lens of history, exploration and science. Fifty-one Dartmouth students shared their research to produce this exhibit exploring Shackleton and the Antarctica of his time. Discovery: Keeping Spirits Afloat In 1901, the first British Antarctic expedition in sixty years commenced aboard the Discovery, a newly-constructed vessel designed specifically for this trip. -
Representations of Antarctic Exploration by Lesser Known Heroic Era Photographers
Filtering ‘ways of seeing’ through their lenses: representations of Antarctic exploration by lesser known Heroic Era photographers. Patricia Margaret Millar B.A. (1972), B.Ed. (Hons) (1999), Ph.D. (Ed.) (2005), B.Ant.Stud. (Hons) (2009) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science – Social Sciences. University of Tasmania 2013 This thesis contains no material which has been accepted for a degree or diploma by the University or any other institution, except by way of background information and duly acknowledged in the thesis, and to the best of my knowledge and belief no material previously published or written by another person except where due acknowledgement is made in the text of the thesis. ………………………………….. ………………….. Patricia Margaret Millar Date This thesis may be made available for loan and limited copying in accordance with the Copyright Act 1968. ………………………………….. ………………….. Patricia Margaret Millar Date ii Abstract Photographers made a major contribution to the recording of the Heroic Era of Antarctic exploration. By far the best known photographers were the professionals, Herbert Ponting and Frank Hurley, hired to photograph British and Australasian expeditions. But a great number of photographs were also taken on Belgian, German, Swedish, French, Norwegian and Japanese expeditions. These were taken by amateurs, sometimes designated official photographers, often scientists recording their research. Apart from a few Pole-reaching images from the Norwegian expedition, these lesser known expedition photographers and their work seldom feature in the scholarly literature on the Heroic Era, but they, too, have their importance. They played a vital role in the growing understanding and advancement of Antarctic science; they provided visual evidence of their nation’s determination to penetrate the polar unknown; and they played a formative role in public perceptions of Antarctic geopolitics. -
FRIDAY 26Th October
Sir Ernest Shackleton FRIDAY 26th October Born close to the village of Kilkea, between Castledermot and Athy, in the south of County ‘A Master Class with a Master Sculptor’ Kildare in 1874, Ernest Shackleton is renowned 11.00am Sculptor Mark Richards who created Athy’s acclaimed Shackleton for his courage, his commitment to the welfare statue will conduct a workshop with Leaving Certificate Art of his comrades, and his immense contribution students from Athy Community College and Ardscoil Na Trionóide. to exploration and geographical discovery. The Shackleton family first came to south Kildare in the Official Opening & Exhibition Launch early years of the eighteenth century. Ernest’s Quaker 7.30pm Performed by Her Excellency, Ambassador Else Berit Eikeland, the forefather, Abraham Shackleton, established a multi- denominational school in the village of Ballitore. Norwegian Ambassador to Ireland. This school was to educate such notable figures as Napper Tandy, Edmund Burke, Cardinal Paul Cullen Book Launch Athy Heritage Centre - Museum and Shackleton’s great aunt, the Quaker writer, 8.00pm In association with UCL publishers, the Mary Leadbeater. Apart from their involvement Shackleton Autumn School is pleased to in education, the extended family was also deeply involved in the business and farming life of south welcome back to Athy Shane McCorristine Kildare. for the launch of his latest work The Spectral Having gone to sea as a teenager, Shackleton joined Arctic: A History of Ghosts and Dreams in Polar Captain Scott’s Discovery expedition (1901 – 1904) Exploration. Through new readings of archival and, in time, was to lead three of his own expeditions documents, exploration narratives and fictional to the Antarctic.