Academic Biography Name: Fikrat M
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Rapid Cultural Inventories of Wetlands in Arab States Including Ramsar Sites and World Heritage Properties
Rapid cultural inventories of wetlands in Arab states including Ramsar Sites and World Heritage Properties Building greater understanding of cultural values and practices as a contribution to conservation success Tarek Abulhawa – Lead Author Tricia Cummings – Research and Data Analysis Supported by: May 2017 Acknowledgements The report team expresses their utmost appreciation to Ms. Mariam Ali from the Ramsar Secretariat and Ms. Haifaa Abdulhalim from the Tabe’a Programme (IUCN’s programme in partnership with ARC-WH) for their guidance and support on the preparation of this regional assessment. Special gratitude is extended to all the national focal points from the target countries and sites as well as international experts and colleagues from the Ramsar and IUCN networks for their valuable contributions and reviews of assignment reports drafts. Finally, the team wants to take the opportunity to thank all the peoples of the wetlands in the Arab states for their long established commitment to the protection of their wetlands through their cultural values, traditional knowledge and sustainable practices for the benefit of future generations. Cover: Traditional felucca fishing boat, Tunisia. DGF Tunisa Contents Executive summary . 4 Introduction . 9 Methodology . 13 Assessment Results . 21 Algeria . 23 La Vallée d’Iherir . 24 Oasis de Tamantit et Sid Ahmed Timmi. 27 Réserve Intégrale du Lac Tonga . 32 Egypt . 35 Lake Bardawil . 36 Lake Burullus . 41 Wadi El Rayan Protected Area . 44 Iraq . 49 Central Marshes . 52 Hammar Marshes . 55 Hawizeh Marshes . 58 Mauritania . 63 Lac Gabou et le réseau hydrographique du Plateau du Tagant . 64 Parc National du Banc d’Arguin . 67 Parc National du Diawling . -
World's Major Rivers
WWWWWWoorrlldd’’ss mmaajjoorr rriivveerrss AAnn IInnttrroodduuccttiioonn ttoo iinntteerrnnaattiioonnaall wwwwwwaatteerr llaawwwwww wwwwwwiitthh ccaassee ssttuuddiieess THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK WWWWWWoorrlldd’’ss mmaajjoorr rriivveerrss An introduction to international water law with case studies Colorado River Commission of Nevada 555 E. Washington Avenue, Suite 3100 Las Vegas, Nevada 89101 Phone: (702) 486-2670 Website: http://crc.nv.gov November 2008 Jacob (Jay) D. Bingham, Chairman Ace I. Robinson, Vice Chairman Andrea Anderson, Commissioner Marybel Batjer, Commissioner Chip Maxfield, Commissioner George F. Ogilvie III, Commissioner Lois Tarkanian, Commissioner George M. Caan, Executive Director Primary Author: Daniel Seligman, Attorney at Law Columbia Research Corp. P.O. Box 99249 Seattle, Washington 98139 (206) 285-1185 Project Editors: McClain Peterson, Project Manager Manager, Natural Resource Division Colorado River Commission of Nevada Sara Price Special Counsel-Consultant Colorado River Commission of Nevada Esther Valle Natural Resource Analyst Colorado River Commission of Nevada Nicole Everett Natural Resource Analyst Colorado River Commission of Nevada THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK World’s Major Rivers ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Daniel Seligman at the Columbia Research Corp. wishes to thank Jacqueline Pruner, attorney at law in Seattle, for her contribution to the section on water law in Canada and her valuable editing assistance throughout the entire document. The staff at the Murray-Darling Basin Commission and Goulburn-Murray Water in Australia provided important information about the Murray-Darling River system, patiently answered the author’s questions, and reviewed the draft text on water trading. Staff at the International Joint Commission in Washington, D.C., and the Prairie Provinces Water Board in Regina, Canada, also offered helpful comments on an earlier draft. -
A Case Study in Surface Water Conflict Resolution M
The Euphrates–Tigris Basin: A Case Study in Surface Water Conflict Resolution M. El-Fadel,* Y. El Sayegh, A. Abou Ibrahim, D. Jamali, and K. El-Fadl ABSTRACT rights (Haddad and Mizyed, 1996). This, coupled with drying oases and shrinking aquifers, is likely to cause water to replace Historically, the Euphrates and Tigris waters have been a oil as the traditional driver of conflict in the Middle East major source of freshwater conflict in the Middle East. Origi- nating in Turkey, both rivers flow southwestward through Syria (Mideast News, 1998). and Iraq, to discharge into the Persian Gulf. The irregularity in In the context presented above, the Euphrates–Tigris Basin their seasonal flow necessitates the development of efficient stor- represents one of the critical water conflict issues in the Mid- age and diversion systems to ensure adequate irrigation to the dle East. Turkey, Syria, and Iraq presently share the waters of area’s dominant agricultural sector. Consequently, water uti- this basin. There has been a history of disagreements among lization projects undertaken by upstream riparian countries these countries concerning the nature of these waters, their fair trigger confrontation, leading to hostilities and strained relations. and optimal distribution, and the rights of each nation to uti- These water development projects are best exemplified by the lize these water resources. Turkish GAP project, which provides Turkey extensive control While the conflict among the riparian countries is basically over the Euphrates water, through the construction of 22 dams posed in the context of water, it is inevitably linked with in- and 19 hydropower plants. -
Possibilities of Restoring the Iraqi Marshes Known As the Garden of Eden
Water and Climate Change in the MENA-Region Adaptation, Mitigation,and Best Practices International Conference April 28-29, 2011 in Berlin, Germany POSSIBILITIES OF RESTORING THE IRAQI MARSHES KNOWN AS THE GARDEN OF EDEN N. Al-Ansari and S. Knutsson Dept. Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, Lulea University, Sweden Abstract The Iraqi marsh lands, which are known as the Garden of Eden, cover an area about 15000- 20000 sq. km in the lower part of the Mesopotamian basin where the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers flow. The marshes lie on a gently sloping plan which causes the two rivers to meander and split in branches forming the marshes and lakes. The marshes had developed after series of transgression and regression of the Gulf sea water. The marshes lie on the thick fluvial sediments carried by the rivers in the area. The area had played a prominent part in the history of man kind and was inhabited since the dawn of civilization by the Summarian more than 6000 BP. The area was considered among the largest wetlands in the world and the greatest in west Asia where it supports a diverse range of flora and fauna and human population of more than 500000 persons and is a major stopping point for migratory birds. The area was inhabited since the dawn of civilization by the Sumerians about 6000 years BP. It had been estimated that 60% of the fish consumed in Iraq comes from the marshes. In addition oil reserves had been discovered in and near the marshlands. The climate of the area is considered continental to subtropical. -
REPUBLIC of IRAQ MINISTRY of PLANNING NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2013-2017 BAGHDAD JANUARY 2013 2013 2017 Republic of Iraq Ministry of Planning
الفصل الثالث اجنازات اجهزة ومراكز الوزارة الفصل الثالث اجنازات اجهزة ومراكز الوزارة NATIONAL DEVELOPMENTNATIONAL PLAN REPUBLIC OF IRAQ MINISTRY OF PLANNING NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT PLAN 2013-2017 BAGHDAD JANUARY 2013 2013 2017 Republic of Iraq Ministry of Planning National Development Plan 2013-2017 Baghdad January 2013 Preface A clear and defined path for development can only be mapped out through the creation of medium- and long-term plans and strategies built on sound methodology and an ac- curate reading of the economic, social, urban, and environmental reality. All the possibili- ties, problems, and challenges of distributing the available material and human resources across competing uses must be taken into consideration to maximize results for the national economy and the broader society. Three years of implementation of the 2010-2014 National Development Plan have resulted in important successes in certain areas and setbacks in others. It’s not fair to say that respon- sibility for the failures lies with the policies and programs adopted in the previous plan. The security and political dimensions of the surrounding environment, the executive capabilities of the ministries and governorates, the problems that continue to hinder the establishment and implementation of projects, weak commitment to the plan, and the weak link between annual investment budgets and plan priorities, along with the plan targets and the means of reaching these targets are all factors that contributed to these setbacks in certain areas and require that this plan be met with a high degree of compliance. The official decision announcing the 2010-2014 National Development Plan document in- cluded following up on plan goals in 2012 to monitor achievements and diagnose failures. -
Personal Data
CURRICULUM VITAE PERSONAL Name: Thamer Salim Ali Date of Birth: 12th October 1960 ACADEMIC QUALIFICATIONS B. Sc. (1982) Fisheries and Marine Resources, College of Agriculture, Basrah University M. Sc. (1985) Fish Population Dynamic, College of Science, Basrah University M. Sc. Thesis: Preliminary Study on Fish Assemblage in Khor Al-Zubair, NW Arabian Gulf Ph. D. (1999) Fish Stock Assessment, College of Science, Basrah University Ph. D. Thesis: Stock Assessment of Some Iraqi Marine Fishes NW Arabian Gulf EMPLOYMENT RECORD 1987 - 1992 Assistant Lecturer, Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah, Iraq 1992 - 1996 Lecturer, Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah, Iraq 1996 - 2002 Assistant Professor, Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah, Iraq 2002 - 2007 Professor, Marine Science Centre, University of Basrah, Iraq 2002 - 2004 Expert, Marine Environment and Fisheries, UNCC Geneva 2007 - 2012 Senior Environmental Specialist, URS Scott Wilson, Bahrain 2012 Professor, Marine Science, Arabian Gulf University, Bahrain RESEARCH INTERESTS More than 25 years of experience on fish stock assessment; proficient in application of FiSAT Program (Fish Stock Assessment Tools). More than 15 years of experience on statistical software; e.g. SPSS, and PRIMER the package of wide range of univariate, graphical and multivariate analyses on Biological-Environmental relationships as a statistical tool to detect and quantify environmental impacts. KEY SKILLS Environmental Impact Assessment and Environmental Management Plan on Marine Environment -
The Euphrates River: an Analysis of a Shared River System in the Middle East
/?2S THE EUPHRATES RIVER: AN ANALYSIS OF A SHARED RIVER SYSTEM IN THE MIDDLE EAST by ARNON MEDZINI THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF LONDON September 1994 ProQuest Number: 11010336 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 11010336 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 Abstract In a world where the amount of resources is constant and unchanging but where their use and exploitation is growing because of the rapid population growth, a rise in standards of living and the development of industrialization, the resource of water has become a critical issue in the foreign relations between different states. As a result of this many research scholars claim that, today, we are facing the beginning of the "Geopolitical era of water". The danger of conflict of water is especially severe in the Middle East which is characterized by the low level of precipitation and high temperatures. The Middle Eastern countries have been involved in a constant state of political tension and the gap between the growing number of inhabitants and the fixed supply of water and land has been a factor in contributing to this tension. -
Euphrates-Tigris
0 [Type here] Irrigation in Africa in figures - AQUASTAT Survey - 2016 Transboundary River Basin Overview – Euphrates-Tigris Version 2009 Recommended citation: FAO. 2009. AQUASTAT Transboundary River Basins – Euphrates-Tigris River Basin. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Rome, Italy The designations employed and the presentation of material in this information product do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO. FAO encourages the use, reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product. Except where otherwise indicated, material may be copied, downloaded and printed for private study, research and teaching purposes, or for use in non-commercial products or services, provided that appropriate acknowledgement of FAO as the source and copyright holder is given and that FAO’s endorsement of users’ views, products or services is not implied in any way. All requests for translation and adaptation rights, and for resale and other commercial use rights should be made via www.fao.org/contact-us/licencerequest or addressed to [email protected]. -
The Waters of Euphrates and Tigris: an International Law Perspective
The Waters of Euphrates and Tigris: An International Law Perspective A Study by Adele J. Kirschner and Katrin Tiroch* A. von Bogdandy and R. Wolfrum, (eds.), Max Planck Yearbook of United Nations Law, Volume 16, 2012, p. 329-394. © 2012 Koninklijke Brill N.V. * This Study was written as part of the MPIL Global Knowledge Transfer project on “Water Conflicts in International Law” financed by the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs, see <www.mpil.de/red/water>. The authors would like to thank Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. Rüdiger Wolfrum, Prof. Dr. Ulrich Beyerlin and Dr. Tilmann Röder for their invaluable comments on the article. Special thanks also go to Nicolas Bremer, Jie-Yoon Kim and David Reichwein for their kind assistance. 330 Max Planck UNYB 16 (2012) I. Introduction II. Geography, Climate and Hydrological Setting 1. Geography a. The Euphrates b. The Tigris 2. Climate 3. Hydrological Setting III. Utilization of the Rivers and Development Plans 1. Iraq 2. Syria 3. Turkey 4. Conclusion IV. Historical Overview on Water Politics in the Euphrates and Tigris Region 1. Developments before World War II 2. Developments after World War II V. International Law in the Euphrates and Tigris Region 1. International Water Law a. Introduction b. Equitable and Reasonable Utilization of an International Water- course c. Obligation not to Cause Harm d. Procedural Obligations e. Environmental Protection f. Groundwater g. Vital Human Needs h. Water Principles in Islamic Law 2. Bilateral Agreements a. Water Sharing Agreements before the 1990s aa. Turkey and Iraq bb. Syria and Turkey cc. Iraq and Syria b. -
Planktonic Community of Algae in Sawa Lake, Southern Iraq
Plant Archives Vol. 18 No. 2, 2018 pp. 2213-2223 e-ISSN:2581-6063 (online), ISSN:0972-5210 PLANKTONIC COMMUNITY OF ALGAE IN SAWA LAKE, SOUTHERN IRAQ Amal Fawzi Hasan*, Ithar Kamil Abbas Al-Mayaly1 and Taha Yaseen Farhan2 * Ministry of Science and Technology, Baghdad, Iraq. 1University of Baghdad, College of Science, Iraq. 2Sawa Lake and Desert Studies Center, Al-Muthanna University, Iraq. Abstract Approximately 228 taxa of planktonic algae were identify, which includes: Bacillariophyceae composed of 42.54% Pennales and 2.19% Centrales, represented by 97 genus Pennales and 5 genes Centrales, followed by Cyanophyceae composed of 32.46%, represented by 74 genus. Chlorophyceae composed of 14.91%, represented by 43 genus. Euglenophyceae, and Pyrrophyceae composed of 3.51%, represented by 8 genus. Chrysophyceae was present during winter only, formed 0.87%, represented by two genus. It was noticed that the numbers of algae fluctuated among studied stations and seasons, where winter was characterized by large number of algae 476 genus, the highest value 58 genus, 134 species was reported in station 5, the lower number 45 genus, 85 species reported in station 2. 474 genus, and higher number 54 genus, 125 species was recorded in station 4 during summer, the lower value 33 genus, 55 species was reported in station 5. In autumn, about 443 genes were identified. The highest value 62 genus, 116 species in station 2. But the lower value 31 genus, 56 species was noticed in station 1, whereas spring characterized by 343 genus, the highest value 47 genus, 94 species was mention in station 5, the lower value 29 genus, 43 species in station 1. -
Occupation and Resistance in Southern Iraq: a Study of Great Britain's Civil Administration in the Middle Euphrates and the Gr
DePaul University Via Sapientiae College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences Theses and Dissertations College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences 3-2018 Occupation and resistance in southern Iraq: a study of Great Britain’s civil administration in the Middle Euphrates and the Great Rebellion, 1917-1920 Scott Jones DePaul University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://via.library.depaul.edu/etd Recommended Citation Jones, Scott, "Occupation and resistance in southern Iraq: a study of Great Britain’s civil administration in the Middle Euphrates and the Great Rebellion, 1917-1920" (2018). College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences Theses and Dissertations. 241. https://via.library.depaul.edu/etd/241 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences at Via Sapientiae. It has been accepted for inclusion in College of Liberal Arts & Social Sciences Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Via Sapientiae. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Occupation and Resistance in Southern Iraq: A Study of Great Britain’s Civil Administration in the Middle Euphrates and the Great Rebellion, 1917-1920 A Thesis Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts March, 2018 BY Scott Jones Department of International Studies College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences DePaul University Chicago, Illinois Jones 1 Occupation and Resistance in Southern Iraq: A Study of Great Britain’s Civil Administration in the Middle Euphrates and the Great Rebellion, 1917-1920 Scott Jones International Studies Master’s Thesis Thesis Committee Advisor – Kaveh Ehsani, Ph.D., DePaul University Reader – Rajit Mazumder, Ph.D., DePaul University Reader – Eugene Beiriger, Ph.D., DePaul University Introduction – Occupation and Resistance in Southern Iraq 1. -
INTERNATIONAL WATERS of the MIDDLE EAST from EUPHRATES-TIGRIS to NILE
'p MIN INTERNATIONAL WATERS of the MIDDLE EAST FROM EUPHRATES-TIGRIS TO NILE WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SERIES WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SERtES 2 International Waters of the Middle East From Euphrates-Tigris to Nile Water Resources Management Series I. Water for Sustainable Development in the Twenty-first Century edited by ASIT K. BIswAs, MOHAMMED JELLALI AND GLENN STOUT International Waters of the Middle East: From Euphrates-Tigris to Nile edited by ASIT K. BlswAs Management and Development of Major Rivers edited by ALY M. SHADY, MOHAMED EL-MOTTASSEM, ESSAM ALY ABDEL-HAFIZ AND AsIT K. BIswAs WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT SERIES : 2 International Waters of the Middle East From Euphrates-Tigris to Nile Edited b' ASIT K. BISWAS Sponsored by United Nations University International Water Resources Association With the support of Sasakawa Peace Foundation United Nations Entne4rogramme' '4RY 1' Am ir THE SASAKAWA PEACE FOUNDATION OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS BOMBAY DELHi CALCUTTA MADRAS 1994 Oxford University Press, Walton Street, Oxford 0X2 6DP Oxford New York Toronto Delhi Bombay Calcutta Madras Karachi KualaLumpur Singapore Hong Kong Tokyo Nairobi Dar esSalaam Cape Town Melbourne Auckland Madrid anji.ssocia:es in Berlin Ibadan First published 1994 © United Nations University, International Water Resources Association, Sasakawa Peace Foundation and United Nations Environ,nent Programme, 1994 ISBN 0 19 563557 4 Printed in India Typeset by Alliance Phototypesetters, Pondicherry 605 013 Printed at Rajkamal Electric Press, Delhi 110 033 Published by Neil O'Brien, Oxford University Press YMCA Library Building, Jai Singh Road, New Delhi 110 001 This hook is dedicated to DR TAKASHI SHIRASU as a mark of esteem for his contributions to peace and a token of true regard for a friend Contents List of Contributors IX Series Preface xi Preface Xiii I.