Complementary Therapies and Parkinson's

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complementary therapies and parkinson’s

1 This booklet is for people There are many complementary who are interested in using therapies available, too many for complementary therapies, us to cover them all. So we have alongside their Parkinson’s brought together the most popular treatment, to help them therapies, chosen by people with manage their Parkinson’s Parkinson’s and their carers. symptoms. Carers, family The booklet is designed to give and friends may also you the basic information you like to find out whether need to help you decide which they may benefit from complementary therapies, if any, complementary treatments. are right for you. It also details how people use each therapy and where Although no treatments or you can go to find out more. therapies have been scientifically proven to slow, stop or reverse the development of Parkinson’s, we have heard from many people with the condition who have had positive experiences of complementary therapies. As with all treatments for Parkinson’s, dierent things work for dierent people. So we encourage anyone aected by the condition who is interested in complementary therapies to explore what works for them. Contents

What are complementary therapies? ...... 5

The evidence about complementary therapies ...... 7

Why do people use complementary therapies? ...... 9

Are complementary therapies safe? ...... 10

Accessing complementary therapies ...... 15

I’m a carer. Would I beneﬁt from using complementary therapies? ...... 16

What are the main complementary therapies used by people with Parkinson’s? ...... 17

Acupuncture ...... 21

Alexander technique ...... 23

Aromatherapy ...... 25

Art therapy ...... 27

Ayurveda ...... 29

Bowen technique ...... 30

Chiropractic ...... 32

Conductive education ...... 34

Dance therapy ...... 37

Feldenkrais method ...... 39 Herbal medicine ...... 41

Homeopathy...... 43

Kinesiology ...... 45

Laughter therapy ...... 47

Massage therapy ...... 48

Meditation and relaxation techniques ...... 50

Music therapy ...... 53

Osteopathy ...... 54

Pilates ...... 56

Reﬂexology ...... 58

Reiki ...... 60

Shiatsu ...... 63

T’ai chi ...... 64

Yoga therapy ...... 67

More support and information ...... 69

4 What are complementary therapies?

Complementary therapies are Integrated medicine treatments used alongside Some experts use the term conventional medicine. ‘integrated medicine’ to emphasise that all therapies – conventional The term is oen confused and complementary – are part with alternative medicine. of one process. To avoid confusion, here are Complementary medicine some deﬁnitions. This is the term we use in this Alternative medicine booklet. It means therapies that This means a replacement for can be used alongside your usual mainstream or conventional medical treatment. medicine. It is based on historical Conventional medicine focuses or cultural traditions, rather on understanding and correcting than on scientiﬁc evidence. the problems that are causing We would not recommend you symptoms. Complementary to replace medication with an therapies tend to take a more alternative treatment. holistic approach. So, in other words, they aim to treat the whole person including mind, body and spirit, rather than just the symptoms.

5 Are complementary Hopefully, this will give you a better therapies beneficial? idea of what people are trying and how they have found them. There is no simple answer to this But bear in mind that everyone question. There are so many types will have a dierent experience. of therapy, it is impossible to generalise. For some complementary therapies there is evidence (see page 7 for an I would advise people explanation about evidence) to to try the dierent therapies show they have benefits. “ available. My wife has For other therapies, there is no Parkinson’s and has tried research to prove it has any benefits for people with Parkinson’s, yet we all sorts of dierent hear from many people aected treatments. Some have who feel it helps them. not been eective for her It will also depend on what you symptoms, but they have expect from complementary motivated her and inspired therapies. For example, you may not feel a particular therapy is her to do something. having a positive eect on your Parkinson’s can make Parkinson’s symptoms, but you you feel like things aren’t may enjoy the experience. In these worth doing, so anything circumstances, you may feel this is enough of a reason to continue. that gives you positive feelings or hope cannot Throughout the booklet we have included comments from people be a bad thing! aected by Parkinson’s who have Laurie, whose wife has tried some of the therapies. Parkinson’s ”

Please remember these are people’s personal opinions – Parkinson’s UK does not endorse any particular therapy.

6 The evidence about complementary therapies

Conventional medication goes This makes it impossible for us to through a thorough testing process compare therapies and tell you what before it is made available. It is does and does not work. tested in clinical trials and is required to meet scientific Which evidence do I trust? standards to prove it works, There is a lot of information about it is acceptably safe and common complementary therapies, especially side eects are clearly stated on on the internet, that is claimed to be the patient information leaflet. based on scientific evidence. But not all of it is reliable. Unfortunately, complementary therapies are not as rigorously To help make sure you’re reading tested. Some therapies are not information that is accurate and medicine based, such as yoga, useful, and not misleading, consider: so it is impossible to test them • where is the research published? in the same way. Research should normally be Instead, researchers will look at a ‘peer-reviewed’ in professional therapy and what practitioners say journals. This means other experts it can be used for. They then study who were not involved in the it to see how eective it is when study reviewed it before the people use the therapy in this way. details were released Because each therapy is dierent, • how many patients did the study and because some therapies are look at? Studies with just a few more popular than others, the way patients are not as reliable as these trials are run (ie how many larger ones people are involved, what the • is this a ‘one o’ result by one researchers are testing and how) research group or has it been diers each time. confirmed by other scientists?

7 If you’re still in doubt, you can In fact, we’ve heard from many contact the Research team at people who tell us they have Parkinson’s UK. They can try to benefited from using these provide more answers on research therapies. that relates to the complementary therapy you are interested in. For example, some people have told us that therapies can help Contact 020 7963 9313 or to manage symptoms, reduce [email protected] stress, and provide an overall So why include therapies sense of wellbeing. with no scientific evidence? And many of our local groups The therapies included in this organise complementary therapy booklet have all been chosen sessions at their meetings to because they are popular with encourage people to give them people aected by Parkinson’s. a try. Just because a therapy cannot be Throughout this guide, we will proven to work in a medical trial, make it clear what scientific or there has not been enough evidence there is to support research about whether it helps the use of each therapy. people with Parkinson’s, does not mean you won’t find it useful.

8 Why do people use complementary therapies?

There are many reasons why people Can I use complementary may use complementary therapies therapies instead of taking alongside prescribed medication, Parkinson’s medication? including: No, complementary therapies do • they feel conventional medicine not work as a replacement for isn’t controlling their symptoms Parkinson’s medication. • they view complementary Stopping or making changes to your therapy as a way of taking control Parkinson’s medication can be of their own health dangerous if it is not done under the guidance of your specialist or • they enjoy the social aspect of Parkinson’s nurse (if you have one). having group therapy sessions, such as yoga classes or they see it as a way of having time to themselves • they ﬁnd complementary therapies relaxing. This can be very useful as stress can make Parkinson’s symptoms worse

9 Are complementary therapies safe?

Generally speaking, the nurse if you are trying for or complementary therapies included expecting a baby. You should also in this book are considered safe. tell your complementary therapist, if this is the case. But if you want to take anything by mouth or apply it to your skin, check It is always advisable to talk to a with your GP, specialist or Parkinson’s healthcare professional if you are nurse first. considering a complementary therapy. It may alert them to This applies to tablets, pills, capsules, problems they didn’t know about teas, creams and drops. This is and they may be able to do because some herbs and remedies something to help, such as make may have side eects or clash with adjustments to your medication medications you’re already taking. regime. They may even be able to For example St John’s Wort, which recommend a therapist, or tell you is a herbal remedy for depression, where to go to find out more. can react with some Parkinson’s Knowing what is safe and what medications. isn’t can be confusing. Many The Medicines and Healthcare organisations oering therapy products Regulatory Agency is the sound o©cial when they are not. government agency responsible for It is important that you check the making sure that medicines and therapist you are seeing is reputable, medical devices work, and are safe. insured and, where relevant, belongs For the latest news about safety visit to a regulatory body. See page www.mhra.gov.uk 12 for more details on finding a Some complementary therapies, reputable therapist. such as herbal remedies, may not be safe in pregnancy. So make sure you tell your GP, specialist or Parkinson’s

10 If the government doesn’t The Complementary and regulate a particular Natural Healthcare Council therapy, does that mean The Complementary and Natural it’s unsafe? Healthcare Council (CNHC), was No, it does not mean they are established with government unsafe. Some complementary support to regulate some therapies. therapies are regulated by statutory The Department of Health in law, including osteopaths, England has recommended that you chiropractors and art therapists. should consult a therapist registered This means that, in the same way with the Council, where appropriate. GPs and specialists have to register Some of the therapies regulated by with the General Medical Council, the Council include: these therapists must be registered with a governing body before they • Alexander technique can practise. • aromatherapy There are various reasons why other • Bowen therapy complementary therapists do not have this statutory regulation. And it • massage therapy isn’t necessarily because the therapies don’t work. • reﬂexology For example, the government • reiki looked into regulating acupuncture • shiatsu and decided that acupuncturists were so well self-regulated, • yoga therapy government intervention was This is not a full list of therapies not needed. covered by the body, these are just the ones we discuss in this booklet. To ﬁnd out more information and to see the full list of therapies regulated by the Council, visit their website www.cnhc.org.uk

11 Other complementary therapies are Always check your therapist’s gradually moving towards a system credentials. Some complementary of stricter self-regulation. See therapists use a ‘Dr’ title, but that below for more information on doesn’t necessarily mean they have professional associations. studied conventional medicine. How do I find a good An honest, reliable practitioner will therapist? not mind you asking about their qualifications. You should always make sure you go to a trained, registered (where Professional associations relevant) and fully insured therapist. Many therapists choose to join reputable, professional To find a reputable, qualified organisations. therapist you may find it helpful to ask: These organisations can be useful sources of information. Just be wary • someone else with Parkinson’s, that some organisations may make a friend or family member claims that are not backed up by • your GP, specialist, Parkinson’s good evidence (for more information nurse or other healthcare about what is meant by good professionals who may be able to evidence, see page 7). recommend someone. Many We have included many professional hospitals and GP surgeries now organisations for each therapy in work together with this guide. But if you’d like to do complementary therapists your own research, it may help you • your local Parkinson’s UK to remember that a high-quality information and support worker professional association requires who may also be able to help. its members to: See page 69 for details of how • complete some kind of formal to contact your local information qualification, which will usually and support worker include a training programme and an exam

12 • stay up to date in their field by • any risks associated with your continuing their professional treatment and what steps they training and development take to prevent problems • follow a code of ethics and • what professional organisations professional conduct they are registered with • have insurance • how much they cost and how long the treatment plan will last • report side eects when they occur Finally, it’s important you find a therapist that you feel comfortable When you find a therapist, there with and who you like. This will help are a few things you should ask make your therapy a more them, including: successful and enjoyable experience.

13 14 accessing complementary therapies

Are complementary How much do they cost? therapies available on If you cannot get your chosen the NHS or the HSC? therapy on the NHS or HSC, you Some therapies are available and may have to pay. Costs for some are not. This will depend on complementary therapy will vary, the type of therapy you want and depending on the type of therapy the policy in your area. you want, how long you need treatment for and where you live. Some hospitals or GP practices oer a few complementary therapies, Your ﬁrst session of any therapy such as acupuncture, aromatherapy, may cost more because they oen massage, osteopathy and take longer. This is because your chiropractic treatments. therapist will want extra time to get to know you and hear your Speak to your GP, specialist or medical history. Parkinson’s nurse about what is available locally. Your information Practitioners usually recommend and support worker may also be several treatment sessions. Make able to help you. sure you ask how much the whole course of treatment is going to cost There are three NHS hospitals that before you commit to a treatment. provide homeopathy, located in Bristol, Glasgow, and London. Their You may also ﬁnd it useful to ask details are listed in the homeopathy about when you can expect to feel section of this guide. any improvement – and when to call it a day if you do not see the results Some GPs have training in you hoped for. complementary therapies. If they cannot provide the treatment Private health insurance may pay themselves, they may be able to for some types of complementary refer you to a therapist on the NHS. therapy. Before you book a treatment session, ask your insurer if it is covered by your policy and how payment is arranged. 15 I’m a carer. Would I benefit from using complementary therapies?

We’ve heard from many carers In some areas, the NHS, local who have tried complementary councils and charities oer free or therapies, some of whom have low-cost therapies to carers. Speak had very positive experiences. to your GP, specialist, or Parkinson’s Again, it is a personal choice. nurse about what may be available in your area. If you care for someone with Parkinson’s, it is important to look Our information and support aer your physical and mental health. workers can also provide details and You may ﬁnd that complementary links to local services. They provide therapies are a great way to have support for anyone aected by time to yourself, reduce stress and Parkinson’s. See page 69 for details do something you enjoy. of how to contact your local information and support worker. Find out more: see our booklet The carer’s guide.

16 What are the main complementary therapies used by people with Parkinson’s?

The rest of this booklet talks about Our forum is also a great place some complementary therapies you to find out what people are trying may find helpful. Please remember and how they feel about dierent that although we have included therapies. Visit parkinsons.org.uk/ them here, we cannot recommend forum any particular therapy. On pages 18–19 there is a quick To help make an informed decision reference table, which tells you some about complementary therapies, of the reasons why people with you’ll find answers to the following Parkinson’s use particular therapies. questions for each therapy listed.

• What is it? Please remember these are • How might it help? not recommendations from Parkinson’s UK. These are • What about safety? just recommendations from people with Parkinson’s. • Where can I learn more?

Symbols throughout the book Next to each therapy we have added an icon to show what people with Parkinson’s and their carers use each therapy for. They are:

Pain Mobility

Relaxation Speech

Motor symptoms Sense of wellbeing

17 What people with Parkinson’s and their carers use and why          Sense of wellbeing    Motor Motor symptoms Mobility Speech                    Pain Relaxation Acupuncture therapy Dance Feldenkrais method Alexander Alexander technique Aromatherapy Art therapy Ayurverda Bowen technique Chiropractic Conductive education Herbal medicine Homeopathy 21 37 39 23 25 27 29 30 32 34 41 43 Page Page 18            Sense of wellbeing    Motor Motor symptoms Mobility Speech                       Pain Relaxation Kinesiology Laughter Laughter therapy Massage Massage therapy Meditation Meditation and relaxation techniques Music therapy Music Osteopathy Pilates Reﬂexology Reiki Shiatsu T’ai chi Yoga therapy Yoga 45 47 48 50 53 54 56 58 60 63 64 67 Page Page 19 20 Acupuncture

What is it? Acupuncture is a form of ancient I had a series of Chinese medicine. It involves a acupuncture needles therapist inserting thin needles “ at particular points on your body. in my neck, shoulders Traditional practitioners believe that and lower back. The energy flows around your body acupuncture wasn’t too through channels. When these unpleasant – the next channels get blocked it can make day the areas treated got you ill and they believe acupuncture can unblock them. quite hot but that soon went and the pain did Some scientists believe the needles act to stimulate muscles and nerves, go away. I felt quite which is what causes the eects. good. Unfortunately aer The needles are very fine, so you only a few weeks the shouldn’t feel any significant pain. pain returned with no They are stimulated manually by long-term benefit. using heat, pressure, electrical currents or laser light. James, diagnosed in ”2010 How might it help? Acupuncture is used is to control and relieve pain. This includes It is also used for depression, headaches, joint pain and neck anxiety and insomnia. Research pain. The National Institute for has been done to find out how Clinical Excellence (NICE) provides acupuncture can help people with guidelines to the NHS. They Parkinson’s, but at the moment, recommend acupuncture for there isn’t enough evidence to lower back pain. say whether or not it is eective. 21 What about safety? Some healthcare professionals, such There can be some small side as doctors and physiotherapists, eects, but these don’t tend to oer acupuncture to their patients last very long. They may include alongside regular medical treatment. slight pain, bleeding or bruising Where can I learn more? where the needle has pierced the skin and drowsiness aer treatment. You can contact any of the following organisations to find out more about Serious complications such as acupuncture, find qualified infections or damage to tissue practitioners and read about how can happen, but this is rare. Just they regulate their members. make sure your acupuncturist is fully qualified and that they use Acupuncture Association of disposable needles at every Chartered Physiotherapists treatment session. A professional network for physiotherapists who include Acupuncture is not regulated by acupuncture as part of their the government. In 2009, the physiotherapy treatment. Secretary of State for Health said www.aacp.uk.com the self-regulation of acupuncture was robust and government British Acupuncture Council regulation was not needed. A self-regulating body for the practice of traditional acupuncture As acupuncture involves piercing in the UK. of the skin, all acupuncturists have 020 8735 0400 to register with their local authority www.acupuncture.org.uk for health and safety reasons. British Medical Acupuncture Acupuncturists can also voluntarily Society (BMAS) register with a number of regulatory The British Medical Acupuncture bodies, all of which have guidelines Society is a registered charity. and codes of conduct. For details It encourages the use and scientific of each of the bodies, see Where understanding of acupuncture can I learn more? within medicine. Members are regulated healthcare professionals If you decide to use acupuncture, who practise acupuncture as part make sure the practitioner is of their practice. registered and qualified with one 01606 786 782 of the listed bodies. www.medical-acupuncture.co.uk

22 Alexander Technique

What is it? What about safety? The Alexander Technique teaches Alexander Technique lessons you how to change your movements shouldn’t be painful. Please note to help you relieve stress and that teachers of the Alexander tension in your muscles. Technique are not regulated by the government, but they can It makes you think about how register with the Complementary you move and speak and looks and Natural Healthcare Council at your posture, balance and (see page 11 for more information). ease of movement. During a class, your teacher will Where can I learn more? probably ask you to perform some You can contact any of the following simple movements before guiding organisations to find out more about your body as you move to relieve Alexander Technique, find qualified tension. Sessions can be provided teachers and read about how they on a one-to-one basis or in a assess their members. group setting. Alexander Technique How might it help? International A worldwide organisation of Evidence from one scientific study Alexander Technique teachers, of fewer than 100 people indicated students and supporters of the that the Alexander Technique may Alexander Technique. help to relieve symptoms of Parkinson’s, including pain, speech, UK Regional Coordinator tremor, depression and balance. 01727 760 067 [email protected] However, this study has not www.ati-net.com been repeated.

23 The Complementary and Natural Society of Teachers of the Healthcare Council Alexander Technique (STAT) 020 3178 2199 The Society aims to ensure [email protected] the highest standards of teacher www.cnhc.org.uk training and professional practice, promote public awareness and Interactive Teaching understanding of the Alexander Method Association Technique, and to encourage This organisation exists to promote research. the Alexander Technique, act as 020 7482 5135 a point of contact between teachers o[email protected] and the public, maintain teaching www.stat.org.uk standards and provide support and continuing professional development for teachers. www.alexandertechnique-itm.org

24 Aromatherapy

What is it? NHS hospitals with complementary Aromatherapists use essential medicine programmes. oils from plants to treat symptoms Speak to your GP, specialist or such as anxiety, stress, insomnia Parkinson’s nurse about availability or depression. The oils are diluted in your area. and can be massaged into the skin, inhaled or used in creams What about safety? or in the bath. Aromatherapy is generally very The theory is the oils have safe. But essential oils are highly chemical properties that can have concentrated, so it’s very important a positive eect on your physical not to swallow them. They should and mental health. also be diluted before they are applied to your skin to avoid How might it help? irritation. Some people may Many people use aromatherapy experience an allergic reaction to help them relax. There hasn’t to some essential oils. been much research on how Speak to your GP, specialist or aromatherapy may help with Parkinson’s nurse before you use Parkinson’s. essential oils, especially if you’re Research suggests it can have pregnant, have epilepsy, heart a mild temporary calming eect for problems, high blood pressure, anxiety, but a 2012 study decided asthma or diabetes. the evidence available was not good Aromatherapists are not regulated enough to prove aromatherapy by the government, but they can could eectively treat any condition. register with the Complementary Aromatherapy is one of the more and Natural Healthcare Council commonly oered therapies in (see page 11 for more information).

25 Where can I learn more? The International Federation of The Complementary and Natural Professional Aromatherapists Healthcare Council (IFPA) 020 3178 2199 There is no single regulatory [email protected] body for aromatherapy. However, www.cnhc.org.uk The International Federation of Professional Aromatherapists can help you ﬁnd a reliable, registered and qualiﬁed aromatherapist. 01455 637 987 [email protected] www.ifparoma.org

26 Art therapy

What is it? The Health Professionals Council Art therapy is dierent to an art is a government body which class. Art therapy is a form of regulates health professionals, psychotherapy that uses art as in the same way the General a way of communicating feelings Medical Council regulates GPs and thoughts. An art class is a and specialists. Art therapists hobby that you do for fun. must be registered to practise. Sessions can be held in groups or Where can I learn more? individually and are run by qualified You can contact the organisations art therapists. Art therapists believe below to find details of art it is a great way of expressing therapists in your area. specific emotional or physical issues. Art classes How might it help? Alternatively, some local Parkinson’s There is evidence that art therapies UK groups oer regular creative can be used by people with sessions, including art classes. Find depression or stress. There is your local group at parkinsons.org. no evidence, however, to suggest uk/localgroups or call our helpline art therapy can help people with on 0808 800 0303 for details of Parkinson’s. But we’ve heard from your nearest meeting. many people with Parkinson’s You can also help to make the most who have found that being creative of creative activities by speaking to helps them to focus their mind, an occupational therapist. relax and express their emotions in a positive way. Occupational therapists can be contacted directly in some areas What about safety? through your local social services Arts therapies are regulated by or social work department, or by the Health Professionals Council referral through your GP, specialist and are available through the NHS. or Parkinson’s nurse. 27 Find out more: see our The British Association information sheet Occupational of Art Therapists therapy and Parkinson’s. This is the professional organisation for art therapists You may also like to enter the in the UK and has its own Code Parkinson’s UK Mervyn Peake of Ethics of Professional Practice. awards, which are designed 020 7686 4216 to encourage and celebrate [email protected] the creative talents of people www.baat.org with Parkinson’s. Health Professions Council The awards are held every year You can check an art therapist’s in memory of the late illustrator, registration by contacting this writer and poet Mervyn Peake organisation. (1911–1968), who had the 020 7582 0866 condition. Entries are welcome www.hpc-uk.org from people with Parkinson’s of all abilities. For more information about the awards, call 020 7963 9319 email mervynpeake@parkinsons. org.uk or visit parkinsons.org.uk/ mervynpeake

28 Ayurveda

What is it? What about safety? Ayurveda is a traditional Indian Some of the therapies used in this medical system that is still used treatment may react with certain today. It is called a system because medications. So it is very important more than one technique is involved. that you talk to your GP, specialist What technique is used depends on or Parkinson’s nurse before you the person being treated. start treatment. Ayurveda can combine treatments The UK Medicines and Healthcare such as diet and lifestyle advice, Products Regulatory Agency has herb supplements, and physical issued warnings about dangerous treatments such as full body or contaminated supplies of massage and meditation. Ayurvedic medicines in the past. You may ﬁnd it helpful to look online The aim is to cleanse the body, at www.mhra.gov.uk if you have reduce symptoms, increase any concerns. resistance to disease and promote mental calm. Currently, Ayurveda practitioners are not regulated by law. You will How might it help? need to check your therapist People may use Ayurveda to build is registered with a professional body and maintain an overall sense of and is insured. good health and wellbeing. Where can I learn more? There have been some small studies Ayurvedic Practitioners Association of Ayurveda, but so far none of This is an independent, professional them have been of a good enough association of Ayurvedic quality to prove its eectiveness. practitioners. Contact them to Larger, better-designed studies are ﬁnd therapists local to you. needed before we can be sure how 01273 500 492 eective Ayurveda is. [email protected] www.apa.uk.com 29 Bowen technique

They will use their fingers and One of my main thumbs to make small, rolling symptoms“ has been movements over precise points muscle stiness and on your body. It is a drug-free, soreness in my lower non-invasive therapy. back and pelvis. Aer How might it help? about nine sessions of Bowen may be used for a range Bowen this has improved of physical and emotional conditions, including pain, muscular problems, considerably and has stress and di©culties sleeping. helped me to walk more Although there have been some easily. We are now studies into using Bowen for pain working on my posture relief and stress, the studies have and balance. been small. A recent review of the evidence said more detailed studies Dinah, diagnosed” in 2010 were needed. There have been no scientific What is it? studies to support the use of Bowen technique is a very gentle, Bowen therapy in Parkinson’s. touch-based therapy. The However, people with Parkinson’s practitioner aims to restore balance have found Bowen useful for helping in your body by soly manipulating them with their symptoms. your muscles and so tissue. What about safety? The Bowen Therapy Bowen therapists are not currently Professional Association regulated by law, but they can This is an independent, professional register with the Complementary association of Bowen Therapy and Natural Healthcare Council practitioners. You can contact them (see page 11 for more information). to find out more about the Bowen technique, find qualified teachers Where can I learn more? and read about how they assess The Complementary and Natural their members. Healthcare Council 0844 561 7173 020 3178 2199 [email protected] [email protected] www.bowentherapy.org.uk www.cnhc.org.uk

I have been having Bowen“ technique fortnightly for about 18 months. I ﬁnd it very relaxing and, aer several days, it gives me relief from the pain of stiness and soreness. I can speak openly and without pressure to the therapist. The pain does return but then I look forward to the next session. Samdog, from our” forum Chiropractic

What is it? Some chiropractors use the treatment for mental health Chiropractors believe the spine conditions, such as phobias, influences all aspects of your health, depression or anxiety. so chiropractic treatment focuses on bringing your bones, joints, There are no studies on the muscles and nervous system into eects of chiropractic on balance. Chiropractors tend to focus people with Parkinson’s. on the area around your spine, using spine manipulation. What about safety? There is statutory regulation for Typically, your first session will chiropractic in the UK. This means involve an assessment of your it is illegal for anyone to practise health, medical history and a chiropractic or to call themselves physical examination. The a chiropractor unless registered with chiropractor will then use manual the General Chiropractic Council. techniques to manipulate the spine. They may also work on joints, Chiropractic is not usually painful, muscles and so tissues. but some people may experience mild side eects aer a chiropractic Chiropractors may also give you session, which usually stop aer advice on health, diet, exercise about 24 hours. These may include and lifestyle. headache, stiness, pain and How might it help? fatigue. Chiropractic is commonly used There have been reports that some for conditions aecting the muscles, manipulation techniques, mainly bones and joints. Most people those applied to the neck, have use chiropractic to relieve pain, caused serious complications, especially back and neck pain. such as spinal injury or stroke, There is evidence that chiropractic but these complications are rare. can help with low back pain. 32 People with weak bones or fractures General Chiropractic Council should not have chiropractic This organisation regulates the treatment. It is also unsuitable for chiropractic profession. You can people with some spinal problems, contact them to find out more or if you are taking blood-thinning about chiropractic, find a medicine, such as warfarin. chiropractor near you, or to check if a chiropractor is registered. Where can I learn more? 020 7713 5155 Chiropractic is available on the [email protected] NHS in some areas. Ask your GP, www.gcc-uk.org specialist or Parkinson’s nurse about availability. Be aware that funding is limited and most people pay for chiropractic if they choose this as a treatment option.

33 Conductive education

such as Parkinson’s, how to The classes have overcome everyday problems. given me a whole new “ How might it help? outlook on life. They Some people find that conductive have improved my education can help control the confidence, fitness and, physical symptoms of Parkinson’s, above all, my sense of including tremor, rigidity and slowness of movement. Although wellbeing. My fitness has conductive education is quite improved to the extent established as a treatment for that I have taken part in Parkinson’s, there is not much several challenges, medical evidence to back it up. Studies are needed to prove its including a 300km cycle eectiveness. ride across Cuba. Because conductive education Bill, diagnosed in 2005 teaches strategies to help ” movement and overcome everyday What is it? problems, some people may feel Conductive education is a more confident and independent. rehabilitation system that started in Hungary in the 1940s. As the name What about safety? suggests, the system takes an Always check your conductor is educational approach, rather than a registered with a professional body therapeutic one. and is insured. It aims to teach adults and children Where can I learn more? with neurological conditions that Some local Parkinson’s UK groups cause di©culties with movement, oer conductive education sessions.

34 Find your local group at parkinsons. org.uk/localgroups or call our Conductive education helpline on 0808 800 0303 for has been useful, but details of your nearest meeting. “ it has to be continued The National Institute of to feel beneﬁts in Conductive Education the long-term. One, (Cannon Hill House) This is a UK charity based at the two-hour session isn’t National Institute of Conductive really enough if you don’t Education in Birmingham. have the willpower to 0121 449 1569 carry out the exercises nsandford@conductive- education.org.uk outside the session. www.cannonhillhouse.org.uk Leanne, diagnosed in ”2011

35 36 Dance therapy

What is it? The most important Dance therapy, as the name thing“ I do is to always suggests, uses dance as a way of remain positive and treating some physical and mental what helps me most conditions. Many people enjoy dancing as a form of exercise and as is dancing. I have free- a social activity. But research danced to music I enjoy suggests that some forms of for half an hour every dancing, such as tango, may have day for the last three specific benefits for people with Parkinson’s. years. It is excellent exercise, helps keep me How might it help? flexible, free and Although there hasn’t been a lot of research done in this area, studies balanced, and gives me a have indicated that dancing can buzz. We also have a improve balance and the way you brilliant Parkinson’s walk. It has also been suggested dance class locally. that dancing can improve your quality of life. Estelle, diagnosed in ”2001 Research is now ongoing to get a better understanding of how and which types of dance and movement are suitable for people with Parkinson’s. We’ve heard from many people with Parkinson’s who have found dancing

37 very therapeutic. Some have told us Where can I learn more? about how it has helped them to Some local Parkinson’s UK groups move more freely, while others have oer regular creative sessions, enjoyed the social aspect of group including dance classes. dance classes. Find your local group at parkinsons. You may wish to join a dance class org.uk/localgroups or call our or you may prefer to improvise in helpline on 0808 800 0303 for your own home. details of your nearest meeting. What about safety? Your local information and support Always check your dance worker may also be able to tell you teacher has a valid qualiﬁcation about what is available in your area. and is insured. See the more support and information section for contact details.

38 Feldenkrais method

What is it? As yet, there have been no studies The idea of Feldenkrais is that by of the method specifically for the becoming more aware of your own treatment of Parkinson’s. movements, you can improve your What about safety? mobility and general well-being. Feldenkrais is generally safe for The method is based on martial-arts everyone. But check your teacher theory and has been developed to is registered with a professional help people with everyday problems, body and is insured. such as di©culties with balance or turning over in bed. Where can I learn more? The Feldenkrais Guild UK This method is seen as more of This organisation can help you find an education rather than a therapy. Feldenkrais teachers and classes Lessons may involve doing a across the UK. sequence of movements that 07000 785 506 involve thinking, sensing, moving [email protected] and imagining. www.feldenkrais.co.uk How might it help? There have been studies that show Feldenkrais helps with balance and mobility. People also use this method to find relief from tension and pain, to improve breathing and performance, and for general wellbeing.

39 40 Herbal medicine

What is it? Small trials have been carried out Herbal medicine is the use of plants with plants commonly used in and plant extracts to treat illnesses. Ayurvedic medicine to relieve Herbal medicines can be quite Parkinson’s symptoms (see the powerful. Many of today’s common section on Ayurveda on page 29). drugs come from plants or are based Although more research is needed, on chemicals found in them. there is no conclusive evidence to You can find herbal medicines at suggest that herbs may be helpful your local health food shops or in the treatment of Parkinson’s chemists. You may also choose symptoms. to see a herbalist. What about safety? Herbalists prescribe oen complex It is important to speak to your GP, herbal mixtures to be taken as specialist or Parkinson’s nurse before drops, capsules or tea. taking any herbal medicines or supplements, even if purchased at a The herbalist may also recommend local chemist or health store. diet, exercise and lifestyle measures. This is because some of them may How might it help? have serious side eects or may Herbs are used for a wide variety interfere with your usual medication. of conditions. For example, the herbal remedy There is some evidence that certain St John’s Wort, which can be used herbs may help with depression and for depression, is not recommended some skin conditions. But there is no for people with certain other health good evidence that the complex problems, including Parkinson’s. mixtures prescribed by traditional herbalists are eective. Some herbal medicines should not be taken in pregnancy so, again, check with your GP. 41 It’s important to make sure your International Register of Consultant herbal medicine comes from a Herbalists and Homeopaths reliable source. The UK Medicines 01594 368 443 and Healthcare products Regulatory o[email protected] Agency has found supplies of www.irch.org contaminated herbs in the past. National Institute of Medical You can look online at www.mhra. Herbalists gov.uk. Your GP may also know 01392 426 022 about any recent alerts, so it may [email protected] be helpful to ask them. www.nimh.org.uk Herbalists are not regulated by Register of Chinese Herbal Medicine law. Check your herbalist is insured 01603 623 994 and registered with one of the [email protected] following bodies. www.rchm.co.uk Where can I learn more? Unified Register of Herbal You contact any of the following Practitioners organisations to find out more about 07539 528 857 herbal medicine, find qualified www.urhp.com practitioners and read about how they regulate its members.

42 International Register of Consultant Herbalists and Homeopaths 01594 368 443 o[email protected] www.irch.org Homeopathy National Institute of Medical Herbalists 01392 426 022 What is it? or powder. You may be prescribed [email protected] Homeopaths believe symptoms can a homeopathic gel or cream for use www.nimh.org.uk be cured by giving someone on the skin as well. Register of Chinese Herbal Medicine an extremely diluted dose of a How might it help? 01603 623 994 remedy that, in large doses, would trigger the symptoms. For example, Homeopaths believe homeopathy [email protected] can help with any condition in www.rchm.co.uk one homeopathic remedy made from female bees (including the which the body has the potential Unified Register of Herbal stinger) is used to treat swelling to self-repair. As a result, they Practitioners and stinging pains. suggest homeopathy can be used 07539 528 857 to treat a wide range of acute and www.urhp.com They believe the ‘like for like’ chronic medical conditions. principle stimulates the body’s own healing power so it clears itself of There have been many studies any imbalance. The remedies come of homeopathy but none have from various sources, including been conclusive. No studies on plants, animals and minerals. homeopathy for Parkinson’s have been done. A homeopath will talk to you about your medical history, symptoms and Despite the lack of evidence, how these aect you. They may also homeopathy is popular. It is want to find out about your lifestyle, available on the NHS as well eating habits and preferences, and as privately. There are three your personality. NHS homeopathic hospitals in the UK based in Bristol, London At the end of the consultation they and Glasgow. Some GP practices may give you a prescription and also oer homeopathic treatment. advise you on how oen you should take the medicine. Speak to your GP, specialist or Parkinson’s nurse about whether Homeopathy is usually taken in pill homeopathy is available on the form, but is also available as a liquid NHS in your area. 43 Practitioners Alliance of Registered Some health professionals are Homeopaths trained in homeopathy and use 01825 714 506 it alongside medical treatment. [email protected] These can include doctors, nurses www.a-r-h.org and pharmacists. They are all regulated by their relevant British Homeopathic Association professional body, for example, 01582 408 675 GPs are regulated by the General [email protected] Medical Council. www.britishhomeopathic.org Some homeopaths are not medically Faculty of Homeopathy qualified. Currently, there are no 01582 408 680 national standards of training and www.facultyofhomeopathy.org accreditation for these practitioners. Homeopathic Medical If you decide to see a homeopath Association who is not medically qualified, you www.the-hma.org should check they are insured and registered with a professional body. International Register of Consultant Herbalists and What about safety? Homeopaths Although we could not find any 01594 368 443 research to suggest homeopathic o[email protected] medicines would react with www.irch.org Parkinson’s medication, you should Scottish Association of always speak to your GP, Parkinson’s Professional Homoeopaths nurse or specialist before taking any 0141 954 7350 kind of medication. www.scottish-homeopath.org.uk Where can I learn more? Society of Homeopaths Contact any of the following 0845 450 6611 organisations to find out more [email protected] about herbal medicine, find www.homeopathy-soh.org qualified practitioners and read about how they regulate its members.

44 Kinesiology

What is it? How might it help? Kinesiology means ‘the study People use kinesiology to of body movement’. There are diagnose and treat all sorts dierent types of kinesiology of health problems. The studies and the treatment you receive on kinesiology aren’t of a good will depend on what type of quality and haven’t been able kinesiologist you see. to demonstrate that kinesiology is eective. Kinesiologists believe each muscle is connected to an organ. What about safety? Therapists apply pressure to Kinesiologists are not currently dierent parts of the body to regulated by law. You will need to see how the muscle responds. check your therapist is registered If the muscle is weak, they believe with a professional body and it means there is a problem with is insured. the organ. It is sometimes known as muscle testing. Where can I learn more? Kinesiology Federation How muscles respond in tests Contact this organisation to find to gentle pressure reveals how out more about kinesiology and the whole body is functioning to find practitioners local to you. and helps locate any imbalance. 0845 260 1094 [email protected] At the end of the session you may www.kinesiologyfederation.co.uk be advised on lifestyle changes (particularly dietary changes) given specific exercises to do, or recommendations on supplements.

45 46 Laughter therapy

What is it? Where can I learn more? Laughter therapy is the use of The Laughter Network exercise techniques to stimulate This is a non-profit organisation the body into laughter. The idea formed to spread and promote is that these techniques can help laughter. You can contact this to boost your immune system, organisation to find out more improve respiration and circulation, about laughter therapy. encourage positive thinking and help you to relax. You can also find out about laughter therapists in your area, but please How might it help? note the organisation does not vet There is little research on the members, who must take full benefits of laughter for people with responsibility for their own work, Parkinson’s. But there is evidence to experience, clients and insurance. suggest that laughter helps to [email protected] release ‘endorphins’ – chemicals www.laughternetwork.co.uk that can improve your mood and may relieve pain. What about safety? Laughing has many There are no safety issues with “positive benefits for our this type of therapy. health and wellbeing. It Currently, laughter therapy is makes you feel great not regulated by law and there and, unlike painkillers, it’s are no o©cial qualifications in free and has no side laughter therapy. eects! So invite more laughter into your life. Bob, diagnosed in 1998” 47 Massage therapy

What is it? How might it help? People have used massage for Research has suggested that thousands of years to heal injuries, massage therapy may help to promote relaxation and encourage reduce pain as well as feelings better movement. There are many of anxiety and depression. dierent types of massage from traditions around the world. Research has also suggested that massage therapy, especially A massage therapist may use abdominal massage, can help various techniques, including with constipation. stroking, kneading and rubbing, to manipulate the body using Massage may also help to improve pressure. movement and ﬂexibility. Some types of massage may Many people with Parkinson’s be gentle or can be vigorous, and their carers have told us they like deep tissue massage. ﬁnd massage therapy useful as Massages may focus on one a way to relax and to have time area or the whole body. to themselves.

48 What about safety? Massage therapy shouldn’t hurt, although you may experience some discomfort if pressure is applied to injured areas, or where your body is very tense. Massage may not suitable for people with certain medical conditions. These include a history of blood clots, or weak or broken bones. If you have wounds or bruises you should wait until these are healed before you book a massage appointment. Massage therapists are not currently regulated by law. You will need to check your therapist is registered with a professional body and is insured. Where can I learn more? General Council for Massage You can also visit the website Therapies to ﬁnd links to other professional This organisation is the governing organisations for massage therapy. body for massage therapies and 0870 850 4452 all bodyworks and so tissue [email protected] techniques in the UK. Contact www.gcmt.org.uk them to ﬁnd a massage therapist local to you.

49 Meditation and relaxation techniques

What is it? This is sometimes combined with People have used meditation muscle relaxation. T’ai chi and yoga for thousands of years in cultures are two kinds of exercise that have around the world. It is oen elements of meditation. (See the associated with religion and sections on t’ai chi and yoga on spirituality. pages 64 and 67) In modern times, more people have How might it help? started using meditation simply for People use meditation to relieve health reasons. pain, stress, depression and insomnia, and to achieve a general There are many forms of meditation sense of wellbeing. but they all aim to create a sense of calm. During meditation, the mind Most studies of meditation have not is in a state of restful alertness while oen been well designed. But there the body becomes more relaxed. is some evidence that meditation or related techniques can help with You can meditate in a group pain and anxiety. or alone. A related technique is guided imagery or visualisation (forming pictures in your mind).

50 What about safety? In hospitals or community centres People with mental health issues that provide complementary should take professional advice therapies, relaxation and meditation before starting meditation. are frequently oered. Currently, meditation teachers are Ask your GP, specialist or Parkinson’s not regulated by law. You will need nurse if they know where you could to check the therapist is registered take a class. Your local council or with a professional body and library may also be able to tell is insured. you about nearby classes. Research has shown that some Where can I learn more? local Parkinson’s UK groups oer There are many dierent types of relaxation therapies, including meditation classes. It is not possible meditation. to list them all here, or suggest which type would be best for you. Find your local group at parkinsons. org.uk/localgroups or call our helpline on 0808 800 0303 for details of your nearest meeting.

51 52 Music therapy

What is it? As soon as music Music therapy is the use of music starts I become by trained professionals as a “ treatment for some physical and completely free and it is mental conditions. You don’t need though I have nothing to know anything about music wrong with me. It is an to enjoy music therapy. incredible feeling! How might it help? Cecilia, diagnosed in 1993 It has been suggested that music ” can improve movement and speech What about safety? and help people to relax or talk about feelings or ideas they have. Music therapists are regulated by the government’s Health Some people with Parkinson’s ﬁnd Professions Council and they must that listening to strong rhythmic be registered to practise. music can improve their walking, prevent hesitations and overcome Where can I learn more? freezing episodes. Music therapy is available in some areas on the NHS. Ask your GP, There are several small studies specialist or Parkinson’s nurse about of music therapy in Parkinson’s. availability in your area. Some of these studies had promising results. In general, British Association for research indicates that music Music Therapy seems to help people with This organisation has information conditions such as Parkinson’s about music therapy and how to by improving their emotional ﬁnd a music therapist in your area. sense of wellbeing. 020 7837 6100 [email protected] www.bamt.org 53 Osteopathy

What is it? What about safety? Osteopaths stretch, move and There is statutory regulation massage muscles and joints to treat for osteopathy in the UK. All health problems. They will use their UK osteopaths must be qualified hands to find areas of tenderness, and registered with the General restriction or strain in your body. Osteopathic Council. How might it help? Generally, osteopathy is classed Osteopathy is commonly used for as safe. There have been reports conditions caused by problems that some manipulation techniques, with the nerves, joints and muscles, mainly those applied to the neck, such as back and neck problems, have caused serious complications, joint pain or injuries. The NICE such as spinal injury or stroke. This guidelines recommend osteopathy is rare. But it’s very important to to be considered as a treatment for check your osteopath is qualified. back pain. Some osteopathic manipulations Some osteopaths believe it can are not suitable for people with also be used to relieve general bone problems, bleeding disorders health problems such as headaches, or other conditions. It is also not ear, nose and throat problems recommended for people on or digestive disorders but there is blood thinning medication, no good evidence that this is true. such as warfarin.

54 Let your osteopath know General Osteopathic Council about any health problems The General Osteopathic Council and medications you are taking. regulates the practice of osteopathy Aer a treatment, you may feel in the UK. The website features some mild side eects, such as information about osteopathy, stiness, discomfort or tiredness. how to ﬁnd qualiﬁed practitioners and what to expect from a Where can I learn more? treatment session. Osteopathy is available in some 020 7357 6655 areas on the NHS, though most www.osteopathy.org.uk people will have to pay for private treatment. Ask your GP, specialist or Parkinson’s nurse about what is available in your area.

55 Pilates

and posture. Pilates is suitable for I began having people of all ages and all levels of one-to-one Pilates fitness. You can study Pilates one to “ one or in a class. You can also do lessons about six years Pilates at home, though we ago. I enjoy it immensely recommend you learn the moves and it makes me feel from a qualified instructor first. good. My instructor is How might it help? always thinking up new People who practise Pilates claim exercises to try and keep that it can help with your muscle my brain and body alert. tone, flexibility, core strength and She was able to advise joint mobility, as well as relieve stress and tension. me on what moves I could or couldn’t do. There isn’t much evidence to show any specific benefits of Pilates for She even showed me people with Parkinson’s. However, exercises that I could an article from 2009 argues that do at home to help exercise such as Pilates can help with the mobility symptoms when I was sti. associated with Parkinson’s, Thelma, diagnosed in 1983 although no clinical studies have ” been carried out. What about safety? What is it? Pilates is a gentle, low-impact form Pilates is a gentle exercise that of exercise. Classes can sometimes focuses on stretching and be separated into beginners and strengthening the body to improve advanced, so make sure you find a balance, muscle-strength, flexibility class that matches your ability. 56 The Pilates Foundation recommends The Pilates Foundation that if you are pregnant you should This is a not-for-profit organisation, check with your doctor and speak bringing qualified Pilates teachers to the Pilates teacher before starting. together. Pilates instructors are not regulated All members are accredited and by law, so check your teacher is must follow a strict Code of Ethics registered with a professional body and Code of Conduct. and is insured. Contact the organisation to find out Where can I learn more? more about Pilates and to find a Pilates classes are available qualified instructor in your area. throughout the UK at local leisure 020 7033 0078 and community centres, although [email protected] these may not be tailored for people www.pilatesfoundation.com with health problems. There may also be Pilates-only studios in your area.

57 Reflexology

What is it? However, a larger study is needed Reflexology is based on the idea to confirm these results. that areas on the feet, hands What about safety? or ears match up to another part of the body. So a reflexologist uses Reflexologists are not currently their hands to apply pressure to regulated by law. You will need the feet, hands or ears to treat to check your therapist is registered the whole person. with a professional body and is insured. One way of thinking about reflexology is to see the feet hands Reflexology may not be suitable if and ears as a potential miniature you have diabetes, epilepsy, thyroid map of the entire body made up or foot problems or a blood disorder. of zones. They may concentrate Women who are in their first three on the zones that are relevant to months of pregnancy should also your health problem. avoid reflexology. During treatment, some areas of How might it help? your foot may feel tender. Some Reflexology is oen used to promote people experience a reaction to the relaxation, improve circulation, first treatment, such as feeling stimulate vital organs and encourage emotional or needing to pass urine. the body’s natural healing abilities. Reflexologists are not currently are There is no conclusive evidence not regulated law, but they can that reflexology works for any register with the Complementary medical condition. and Natural Healthcare Council A very small study showed (see page 11 for more information). that reflexology may help with the well-being of someone with Parkinson’s.

58 Where can I learn more? Reflexology Forum British Reflexology Association This is a developing regulatory A professional association that aims body in the UK for reflexology. to promote reflexology in Great Contact the organisation to find Britain and abroad. out more about reflexology and www.britreflex.co.uk to find a therapist in your area. 0800 037 0130 The Complementary and Natural renee.tanner@ Healthcare Council intfedreflexologists.org 020 3178 2199 www.reflexologyforum.org.uk [email protected] www.cnhc.org.uk

59 Reiki

How might it help? I have been attending Practitioners use reiki to bring a“ reiki master for a year comfort and to support healing and find my mobility and for a range of conditions. It does strength improved in my not promise a cure and therapists are not trained to make a diagnosis. weak leg back to where it was a number of years A systematic review looked at the evidence for reiki in dealing ago. Unfortunately, it with pain and concluded it may only lasts for about 30 have a modest eect for pain minutes before it starts relief. However, it was recognised to wear o. that further studies were needed in this area. Angus, diagnosed in 1998 ” Another study was done on the eects of reiki on mood and What is it? depression. It was shown to improve mood overall, but again Reiki was originally developed the evidence is limited and needs in Japan. In Japanese, ‘reiki’ much further study. means universal life energy. Practitioners believe that reiki What about safety? promotes healing by bringing you Reiki therapists are not currently are into harmony and balance. not regulated by law, but they can register with the Complementary During treatment, the practitioner and Natural Healthcare Council channels healing energy to you by (see page 11 for more information). placing their hands on or near your body. The whole person is treated, rather than specific symptoms. 60 Where can I learn more? I receive reiki The Complementary and Natural Healthcare Council treatment“ every month 020 3178 2199 and find it extremely [email protected] beneficial in so far as it is www.cnhc.org.uk relaxing and reduces Reiki Council aches and pains. This organisation has links to several professional reiki organisations. A person with Parkinson’s” [email protected] www.reikicouncil.org.uk

61 62 Shiatsu

What is it? Shiatsu therapists are not currently Shiatsu is a Japanese form of regulated by law. You will need massage therapy. A practitioner to check your therapist is registered uses touch, comfortable pressure with a professional body and and manipulative techniques to is insured. adjust the body’s physical structure Where can I learn more? and balance its energy flow. It is designed to support and strengthen Shiatsu Society the body’s natural ability to heal itself. This is a non-profit organisation which represents all styles and How might it help? the majority of shiatsu practitioners, Shiatsu is becoming increasingly schools and students in the UK. popular as a treatment for frozen Contact them to find out more shoulder, which is a symptom that about shiatsu, how they regulate can be associated to Parkinson’s. their members and find qualified However, there is no clinical practitioners. evidence to prove shiatsu’s 0845 130 4560 eectiveness. www.shiatsusociety.org One small study suggested that feelings of deep relaxation, support and increased vitality are common following a shiatsu treatment. Shiatsu helped me What about safety? enormously with my Shiatsu should be avoided if you “ have weak bones or certain blood mobility – I used to conditions. Care is required in early hobble in but was able to pregnancy. Speak to the shiatsu walk back out! practitioner before starting treatment if you have any concerns. A person with Parkinson’s ” 63 T’ai chi

What is it? There have been a few studies on T’ai chi is a Chinese martial art that t’ai chi and Parkinson’s, with mixed puts special emphasis on balance results. Some suggest that t’ai chi and movement. T’ai chi involves can help improve balance and moving the body slowly and gently. prevent falls better than There’s no fast movement or any conventional exercise, while physical contact. others found no benefits. Practitioners believe that t’ai chi Larger, more rigorous studies helps a vital energy called qi are needed. (pronounced ‘chee’) flow freely What about safety? through the body, which helps to promote good health. Some precautions may be needed for people who have T’ai chi is meant to improve severe osteoporosis, a hernia the functioning of internal or are pregnant. organs, including the lungs and digestive system. T’ai chi instructors are not currently regulated by law. You will need How might it help? to check your teacher is registered There have been small studies with a professional body and into the benefits of t’ai chi to is insured. improve balance, flexibility and fitness in older people. But further, longer studies are needed to confirm these results.

64 Where can I learn more? T’ai chi classes may be oered at T’ai Chi Union for Great Britain your local leisure or community This is an association of practitioners centre, so it is worth checking of recognised styles of T’ai Chi what’s available. Chuan. Contact them to find out Some local Parkinson’s UK groups more about t’ai chi, find qualified oer regular exercise sessions, practitioners and read about how including t’ai chi classes. they regulate its members. 01403 257 918 Find your local group at [email protected] parkinsons.org.uk/localgroups www.taichiunion.com or call our helpline for details of your nearest meeting.

65 66 Yoga therapy

What’s the di¡erence I find yoga very between yoga and Pilates? therapeutic.“ I will oen Both yoga and Pilates focus on arrive at the yoga developing strength, balance, session feeling weak and flexibility and posture. tremoring, but by the The dierence is that the moves in time the session has yoga are designed to increase the strength and flexibility of the whole finished, I am stronger, body and improve breathing. very relaxed and my Pilates also focuses on breathing, tremor has stopped. but its exercises concentrate much Jane, diagnosed in 2002 more on precise movements to ” target specific parts of the body. How might it help? What is it? People may use yoga to develop Yoga is an ancient form of their general fitness and increase meditation, diet, lifestyle, breathing their overall sense of wellbeing. and exercise. There are dierent Some people find it also helps to styles of yoga and some are more reduce feelings such as stress, gentle than others. anxiety, depression and tension. When you do yoga, you place your There isn’t a lot of evidence that body into certain positions that are shows any specific benefits of yoga designed to increase your strength for people with Parkinson’s. and flexibility. You can study yoga one to one or in a group.

67 What about safety? Some local Parkinson’s UK groups There are many types of yoga oer regular exercise sessions, and they all have dierent levels including yoga classes. Find your of di©culty. Speak to the yoga local group at parkinsons.org.uk/ instructor before you begin the localgroups or call our helpline for class to check it is suitable for you. details of your nearest meeting. If you want to try yoga at home, The British Wheel of Yoga make sure you learn the exercises The British Wheel of Yoga is a properly from an instructor before registered charity and the Sport doing so. England recognised governing body for yoga. It is a members-based Yoga instructors are not currently organisation and accredits other regulated by law. You will need yoga training organisations. to check your teacher is registered 01529 306 851 with a professional body and o[email protected] is insured. www.bwy.org.uk Where can I learn more? Yoga is one of the complementary therapies more commonly oered on the NHS. Ask your GP, specialist or Parkinson’s nurse for details on availability. You will probably ﬁnd classes at local Since I was diagnosed, leisure and community centres, yoga has been a great although these may not be tailored “ for people with long term help to my conﬁdence. conditions, such as Parkinson’s. Cathie, diagnosed in 2010”

68 More information and support

We have a range of information Parkinson’s nurses may not be resources that are available to order available in every area, but your for free (see the inside back cover GP or specialist can give you more for details) or to download from our details on local services. website at parkinsons.org.uk/ You can find out more at publications parkinsons.org.uk/nurses Parkinson’s nurses Parkinson’s nurses provide expert Information and support from advice and support to people with Parkinson’s UK Parkinson’s and those who care for You can call our free confidential them. They can also make contact helpline for general support and with other health and social care information. Call 0808 800 0303 professionals to make sure your (calls are free from UK landlines and needs are met. most mobile networks) or email [email protected]. The role of the Parkinson’s nurse varies. Each will oer dierent We run a peer support service if services, aiming to meet local you’d like to talk on the phone with needs. Some nurses are based in the someone aected by Parkinson’s community, whereas others are who has faced similar issues to you. based in hospital settings. The service is free and confidential – ring the helpline to talk to Many Parkinson’s nurses are someone about being matched independent prescribers. This with a volunteer. means they can prescribe and make adjustments to medication, Our helpline can also put you in so someone with Parkinson’s doesn’t touch with one of our local always need to see a specialist for information and support workers, changes to or queries about their who provide one-to-one Parkinson’s drugs. information and support to anyone aected by Parkinson’s. They can 69 also provide links to local groups Here you will find an online guide and services. about various complementary therapies. There are also links to Our website has information about other websites. your local support team and how www.nccam.nih.gov to contact them at parkinsons.org. uk/localtoyou. NHS Direct (England and Wales) 0845 46 47 You can find details of our local groups and your nearest meeting at You can phone NHS Direct any time, parkinsons.org.uk/localgroups. day or night, 365 days a year. You will speak to a trained nurse who You can also visit parkinsons.org. can help you find out more about a uk/forum to speak with other particular complementary therapy. people in a similar situation on our online discussion forum. NHS 24 (Scotland) You can contact the Health Useful contacts Information Service from 8am to 10pm, seven days a week The Complementary and Natural through the NHS Helpline on Healthcare Council 0800 22 44 88. 020 3178 2199 [email protected] An adviser will tell you where to find www.cnhc.org.uk more information about complementary therapies with some Health Professions Council scientific evidence behind them. 020 7582 0866 www.hpc-uk.org You can also find information about some complementary therapies Institute for Complementary and on the NHS 24 website at Natural Medicine www.nhs24.com www.icnm.org.uk/about NHS Choices website National Center for Complementary and www.nhs.uk Alternative Medicine (USA) There is a good library of online This American website is a rich information about complementary source of high-quality information therapies. There are also links on many dierent complementary to professional organisations, therapies. so you can learn more and find a qualified therapist. 70 NHS National Library for Health Your public library www.library.nhs.uk Increasingly, health information is available on the internet. If you do This is one place to go for the not have access to the internet, you latest research evidence. may be able to use it free of charge The site is designed for NHS at your local public library. health professionals but it is also freely available to the public. Your library may also oer training on how to use the internet. The Research Council for Sometimes the librarian can help Complementary Medicine you find information online. www.rccm.org.uk Many public libraries now have links If you are interested in the scientific to the NHS and other services, so evidence for complementary feel free to ask for local information. therapies, visit this website based at the Royal London Hospital If you want to read up on for Integrated Medicine (part of complementary therapies, your the NHS). library probably has some good books on the topic.

71 NOTES

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 Continued over the page ...... White British Name ......  tick... Please What is your ethnic background? Email Telephone Address  the details below and we’ll bein touch. who give us feedback on new and updated resources), please complete in joining our information review group(people aected by Parkinson’s If you would like to become amember of Parkinson’s or are UK, interested Do you have any other comments? ...... Were you looking for any information that wasn’t covered? What aspectsdid you ﬁndmost helpful?

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 Thank you to everyone who contributed to or reviewed this booklet: Rachel Clark, Lead Complementary Therapist (Non Cancer) Palliative Care Walsall Healthcare NHS Trust Helen Cooke, (MA Complementary Health Studies, BSc) College of Medicine Professor George Lewith, Professor of Health Research, University of Southampton Thanks also to our information review group and other people a¡ected by Parkinson’s who provided feedback. Thank you to everyone involved for letting us use their photograph. Also, thanks to the Wimbledon Group of Musical Moving, Dance for people with Parkinson’s on pages 13 and 36. We make every eort to make sure that our services provide up-to-date, unbiased and accurate information. We hope that this will add to any professional advice you receive and will help you to make any decisions you may face. Please do continue to talk to your health and social care team if you are worried about any aspect of living with Parkinson’s. References for this booklet can be found in the Microso Word version at parkinsons.org.uk/publications How to order our resources 0845 121 2354 [email protected] Download them from our website at parkinsons.org.uk/publications Can you help? At Parkinson’s UK, we are totally dependent on donations from individuals and organisations to fund the work that we do. There are many ways that you can help us to support people with Parkinson’s. If you would like to get involved, please contact our Supporter Services team on 020 7932 1303 or visit our website at parkinsons.org.uk/support. Thank you. Every hour, someone in the UK is told they have Parkinson’s. Because we’re here, no one has to face Parkinson’s alone. We bring people with Parkinson’s, their carers and families together via our network of local groups, our website and free confidential helpline. Specialist nurses, our supporters and sta provide information and training on every aspect of Parkinson’s. As the UK’s Parkinson’s support and research charity we’re leading the work to find a cure, and we’re closer than ever. We also campaign to change attitudes and demand better services. Our work is totally dependent on donations. Help us to find a cure and improve life for everyone aected by Parkinson’s.

Parkinson’s UK Free* conﬁdential helpline 0808 800 0303 Monday to Friday 9am–8pm, Saturday 10am–2pm. Interpreting available. Text Relay 18001 0808 800 0303 (for textphone users only) [email protected] parkinsons.org.uk *calls are free from UK landlines and most mobile networks.

Last updated March 2013. Next update available March 2015. B102 © Parkinson’s UK,March 2013. Parkinson’s UK is the operating name of the Parkinson’s Disease Society of the United Kingdom. A charity registered in England and Wales (258197) and in Scotland (SC037554).