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Genealogical Futures Studies (A Worthy Approach in Future Study of Geographical Phenomena)

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Genealogical Futures Studies (A Worthy Approach in Future Study of Geographical Phenomena) Arid Regions Geography Studies; Volume 6; Number 22; Winter 2015 Genealogical Futures Studies (A Worthy Approach in Future Study of Geographical Phenomena) Rouholla asadi PhD student of Geography and urban planning, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. Mohammad rahim rahnama Full professor of Geography and urban planning, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. Omid Ali Kharazmi Assistant professor of urban management, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. Extended Abstract Introduction In the view of Nietzsche, the genealogy is the sight on the nature of the world as a historical existence. He believes that all phenomena are formed in the history and does not have a predefined definition and fixed and immutable meaning. Foucault being affected by Nietzsche's thoughts and instead of considering the roots and origins of events speaks about manifests and ancestries. Because he believes that what we're talking about it in fact is language and we speak within language, initially in archeology and genealogy, then, to understand phenomena in the language we should focus on focusing on discourse in archeology and follow by adding of non- discursive factors on in genealogy. Foucault's genealogical perspective shows how power relationships connect the material and discursive origins together. This way, the method of genealogy, pay special attention to the relationship among power, knowledge, procedures and space. In a genealogical perspective, if we believe that the discourses, make our live every day, can be accepted that discourse and non-discursive factors in each course shape the geographical space and its content. Accordingly, the future of phenomena as well as past and present are the resultant discourses and non-discursive factors, and by focusing on the present discourse (which encompass the phenomenon under study), relative conception of discourse of future and then the future of phenomenon under study can be obtained. Materials and Methods This research at first defines geographical space as relational space. Then we reviews the genealogy and its related concepts, particularly discourse and power, position of genealogy in future study according to two casual layered analysis (CLA) and future study approach and then Downloaded from journals.hsu.ac.ir at 10:21 +0330 on Saturday October 2nd 2021 genealogical future studies introduces and explains the relative processes. And finally explains the relationship among time, space and discourse on geographical research. Discussion and Results If the geographic space, relational space, and scenes of creature of discourses and relations of power and knowledge are considered, then, we face the object and subject of a discourse (the subject and object within discourses), and forming, deforming and evolution of phenomena emerging and the way of formulation of power relations among them. So to study the phenomenon in the geographical space must be studied within the discourse and taking into account the affecting power relations, in order to gain an understanding of future, the current trends of rooted of present discourses, the images of future discourses and the conditions that respond to the challenges of discourses which are the resultant of the recognition of past discourses should be recognized. This approach, which uses genealogy in research related to future, can be called “genealogical Futures Studies”. Genealogical future studies is the systematic methodology framework that by genealogical observation to the phenomena of geographical space, the past and present as well as future, know the result of discourses and non-discursive factors (particularly power) that act within the specific time and place and nature of the phenomenon (political, social, economic phenomena, etc.) and form the behavioral logic forms. So that by understanding dominate and resistance discourse (s) and power relations as Arid Regions Geography Studies; Volume 6; Number 22; Winter 2015 well as the transformation period (the stage where the discourse is located), can understand the factors shaping the future and plan for the future study methods. Since the unit of analysis in genealogy is a discourse and power relation shaping discourse, and knowledge and power acting in the inter-discourse, and in this process we go from the present to the past, in the genealogical future study, it must return to the past. Since that, the present converts to the future past, so by recognizing the present and past discourses and identifying the driving forces in format of dominant discourses, we can move forward by identifying the future influenced by the discourse and future discourse which are the results of discourse and even more over. Conclusions It is suggested that, in geographical research related to the future, more than methods (qualitative or quantitative) which are used with the aims every research, genealogical futures studies in understanding future trend were used. Maybe it can help a more comprehensive understanding of phenomena behavior in possibly future discourses and can give a more realistic vision of future to the futurists. Keywords: Future Studies, genealogical futures studies, genealogy, relational space, discourse. Downloaded from journals.hsu.ac.ir at 10:21 +0330 on Saturday October 2nd 2021 Arid Regions Geography Studies; Volume 6; Number 22; Winter 2015 References 1. Slaughter, R. and others (2007). Translate by Aghil Malekifar, Seyed Ahman Ebrahimi, Vahid Vahidi Motlagh, New thinking for A New Millennium: Concepts, methods and future studies ideas (first edition), Tehran: Defense Industries Training and Research Institute. 2. Bird, j. F. (2003). Foucault: power and politics, translate by Mohammad Ali Ghasemi, quarterly of Discourse, No 7, pp 112-140. 3. Bashiriyeh, H. (1997). Translator's Introduction in Dreyfus and Rabinow: Michel Foucault: Beyond structuralism and hermeneutics (first edition), Tehran: Ney publication. 4. Bashiriyeh, H. (1999). government, civil society and political discourses of Sociology, Social Sciences Book of the month, N 29-30, pp 3-9. 5. Bashiriyeh, H. (2003). Wisdom in politics, thirty-five speech in philosophy, sociology and political development, Tehran: Negahe Moaser publication. 6. Wendell, B. (2013). Translate by Mostafa Taghavi and Mohsen Mohaghegh, futures studies: History, objectives and knowledge, Tehran: Defense Industries Training and Research Institute. 7. Tajbakhsh, K. (2007). Translate by Afshin Khakbaz, the promise of the city, space, identity and politices in contemporary social thought (first edition), Tehran: Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies. 8. Tajik, M. R. (1998). Text, simulation and discourse analysis (2), Tehran: Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies. 9. Tajik, M. R. (2003). Discourse, politics and society, quarterly of Discourse, No 8, pp 51-65. 10. Tajik, M. R. (2004). Discourse, anti-discourse and policy (first edition), Tehran: Institute for Humanities Research and Development. 11. Tajik, M. R. (2006). ranian people, politics and futurology, Journal of Political Science, No 2, PP 55-107. Tajik, M. R. (2008). Postmodernism and procedures, methodology of humanities, No 55, PP 1113-138. 12. Tohidfam, M. (2002). Approaches to development policy implications, Journal of Law and Political Science, No 57, PP 117-151. 13. Khaleghi A. (2003). power, language, everyday life in contemporary philosophical-political discourse(first edition), Tehran: Game no publication. 14. Dreyfus, H. L, Rabinow, P. (1997). Trandlate by Hossein Bashiriyeh, Michel Foucault beyond structuralism and hermeneutics (first edition), Tehran: Ney publication. 15. Shebling, J. (1998), translate by Cyrus Sahami, What is Geography? Reflections on fundamental issues of contemporary geography, Mashhad: Mohaghegh publication. Downloaded from journals.hsu.ac.ir at 10:21 +0330 on Saturday October 2nd 2021 16. Sherratt, Y. (2008). Translate by Hadi Jalili, continental philosophy of social science: hermeneutics, genealogy, and critical theory from Greece to the twenty-first century, Tehran: Ney publication. 17. Sadeghi, M, Javan, J, Rahnama, R. (2015). What is the geographical space? take on the nature of geographical space, from the perspective of hermeneutics phenomenology, Journal of Geographical Studies of Arid Zones, No 19, PP 12-28. 18. Salehizadeh, A (2011). Introduction to Michel Foucault's discourse analysis, qualitative research methods, Journal of Socio-cultural knowledge, No 3, pp 113-141. 19. Zeymaran, M. (2002). Michel Foucault: Knowledge and Power (Second Edition), Tehran: Hermes publication. 20. Zeymaran, M. (2002). Michel Foucault: Knowledge and Power (fourth Edition), Tehran: Hermes publication. 21. Abdollahi, A, Javan, J. (2010). n Introduction to Philosophy of Science and Research in the Humanities: First Book: Cognition and Epistemology (First Edition), Tehran: Chapar Publishing. 22. Introduction to the Philosophy of Science and Research in the humanities: Book One: Understanding and epistemology (first Edition), Tehran: Chapar publication. Arid Regions Geography Studies; Volume 6; Number 22; Winter 2015 23. 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