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Генеральная Ассамблея Distr.: General 11 June 2012 Russian Организация Объединенных Наций A/HRC/20/17/Add.2 Генеральная Ассамблея Distr.: General 11 June 2012 Russian Original: English Совет по правам человека Двадцатая сессия Пункт 3 повестки дня Поощрение и защита всех прав человека, гражданских, политических, экономических, социальных и культурных прав, включая право на развитие Доклад Специального докладчика по вопросу о поощрении и защите права на свободу мнений и их свободное выражение Франка Ла Руе Добавление Миссия в Израиль и на оккупированную Палестинскую территорию* ** Резюме Настоящий доклад представлен Совету по правам человека Специальным докладчиком по вопросу о поощрении и защите права на свободу мнений и их свободное выражение в соответствии с резолюциями 7/36 и 16/4 Совета по пра- вам человека. Специальный докладчик посетил с миссией Израиль и оккупиро- ванную Палестинскую территорию 6−17 декабря 2011 года с целью изучения положения, касающегося осуществления права на свободу мнений и их свобод- ное выражение. В настоящем докладе Специальный докладчик излагает свои основные обеспокоенности относительно Израиля, Западного берега и сектора Газа в связи с соответствующими обязательствами правительства Израиля, Па- лестинской администрации и де-факто властей. * Резюме настоящего доклада распространяется на всех официальных языках. Сам доклад, содержащийся в приложении к резюме, распространяется только на том языке, на котором он был представлен. ** Представлен с опозданием. GE.12-13894 (R) 150612 150612 A/HRC/20/17/Add.2 Относительно Израиля Специальный докладчик выражает обеспокоен- ность по поводу недавних попыток ограничить возможности для выражения критики в Израиле относительно его стратегий и практики оккупации, включая принятие Кнессетом ряда ограничительных законов. Он также отмечает дис- криминационное обращение с гражданами Израиля палестинского происхожде- ния и попытки ограничить их право на свободу мнений и их свободное выра- жение. На оккупированной Палестинской территории Специальный докладчик отмечает препятствия, с которыми сталкиваются журналисты при осуществле- нии своей деятельности, главным образом вследствие введенных правительст- вом Израиля ограничений в отношении передвижения, и внутренние разногла- сия между Палестинской администрацией на Западном берегу и де-факто вла- стями в Газе. Относительно Западного берега Специальный докладчик выражает обес- покоенность в связи с тревожной тенденцией увеличения числа журналистов, правозащитников и блоггеров, подвергающихся произвольным задержаниям и допросам силами безопасности Палестинской администрации за выражение критических взглядов. В качестве вызывающего беспокойство вопроса он также отмечает неоправданные ограничения, введенные в отношении права на свобо- ду собраний израильскими силами безопасности. В отношении Восточного Иерусалима Специальный докладчик обращает внимание на ограничения, введенные правительством Израиля в отношении права палестинцев искать, получать и распространять идеи и мнения. Относительно сектора Газа Специальный докладчик выражает обеспоко- енности, касающиеся различных ограничений, введенных де-факто властями в отношении прав на свободу выражения мнений и на свободу собраний. В конце доклада приводятся рекомендации правительству Израиля, Пале- стинской автономии и де-факто властям в секторе Газа относительно основных вопросов, вызывающих обеспокоенность. 2 GE.12-13894 A/HRC/20/17/Add.2 Annex [English only] Report of the Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression on his mission to Israel and the occupied Palestinian territory Contents Paragraphs Page I. Introduction.................................................................................................. 1–5 4 II. International legal standards ........................................................................ 6–8 4 III. International human rights obligations ......................................................... 9–13 5 IV. Main issues of concern in Israel................................................................... 14–45 6 A. Lack of sufficient protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression in domestic legislation ........................................................ 15–20 6 B. Prior censorship on issues related to national security ......................... 21–26 7 C. Restrictive bills and laws which threaten the right to freedom of opinion and expression...................................................................................... 27–40 8 D. Restrictions on the right to freedom of opinion and expression of minority groups in Israel..................................................................................... 41–45 10 V. Main issues of concern in the occupied Palestinian territory........................ 46–96 11 A. Restrictive provisions in the Press and Publications Law of 1995 ........ 48–52 12 B. Defamation as a criminal offence ......................................................... 53–55 12 C. Ensuring the independence and effective functioning of the Palestinian Broadcasting Corporation................................................... 56–57 13 D. Restrictions on the distribution of certain newspapers in the West Bank and Gaza............................................................................. 58–60 13 E. Restrictions on freedom of movement of journalists and human rights defenders imposed by Israel ................................................................. 61–65 14 F. Attacks against journalists, human rights defenders and bloggers ........ 66–75 15 G. Restrictions on the right to peaceful assembly...................................... 76–89 16 H. Restrictions on the right to freedom of opinion and expression in East Jerusalem imposed by Israel................................................................. 90–96 18 VI. Conclusions and recommendations .............................................................. 97–118 19 A. Government of Israel............................................................................ 97–108 19 B. Palestinian Authority............................................................................ 109–114 21 C. De facto authorities in Gaza ................................................................. 115–118 22 GE.12-13894 3 A/HRC/20/17/Add.2 I. Introduction 1. The Special Rapporteur on the promotion and protection of the right to freedom of opinion and expression, Frank La Rue, carried out a visit to Israel and the occupied Palestinian territory from 6 to 17 December 2011, at the invitation of the Government of Israel and the Palestinian Authority. In Israel, he visited West Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Be’er Sheva and other surrounding villages in the Negev desert. In the occupied Palestinian territory, he visited East Jerusalem, Ramallah, Nabi Saleh and Gaza. 2. The visit was undertaken with a view to contributing, through effective engagement with all interlocutors, to efforts aimed at enhancing the enjoyment of the right to freedom of opinion and expression for all, without discrimination of any kind. The Special Rapporteur thanks both the Government of Israel and the Palestinian Authority for their invitation and the cooperation extended to him before and during the visit. 3. In Israel, the Special Rapporteur met with the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Intelligence and Atomic Energy, Dan Meridor; Spokesperson of the Prime Minister’s Office; Deputy Foreign Minister, Daniel Ayalon; Spokesperson of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; Deputy Director General for International Organizations at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Eviatar Manor; Minister of Improvement of Government Services; Spokeswoman for the Minister of Internal Security; Director of the Human Rights Unit at the Ministry of Justice; Director-General of the Ministry of Communications; Minister of Education; Judge Eliakim Rubinstein of the Supreme Court; the Speaker and three Members of the Knesset; State Comptroller (Ombudsman); Deputy Mayor of Tel Aviv; and Head of the Central Command of the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF). 4. In the occupied Palestinian territory, the Special Rapporteur held meetings with the Prime Minister, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Justice, Minister of Telecommunications and Information Technology, Minister of Women’s Affairs, Deputy Minister of Information and Media Affairs, Chief Justice of the Higher Judicial Council, representatives of the Palestinian Broadcasting Authority, members of the Palestinian Legislative Council, Head of Preventive Security, Deputy Minister of Interior, and Head of General Intelligence Services. He also met with the representatives of the de facto authorities in Gaza. 5. In addition, the Special Rapporteur met with journalists, human rights defenders, lawyers, and community leaders in Israel and the occupied Palestinian territory, as well as with representatives from the United Nations country team and the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) in Ramallah. He wishes to express his sincere appreciation for the outstanding support provided to him by the staff of OHCHR and its office in the occupied Palestinian territory. II. International legal standards 6. In carrying out his assessment of the situation regarding the enjoyment of the right to freedom of opinion and expression in Israel and the occupied Palestinian territory, the Special Rapporteur is guided primarily by article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, which provides that: (a) Everyone shall have the right to
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