Catalogue Zirconocene-E.Pdf

Technical Data

Cl Zr Cl

NICHIA CORPORATION

Ever Researching for a Brighter World

CONTENTS

１． General Features ２． Product Guide ３． Solubility in Various Solvents ４． Solubility in Water and ｐH ５． Stability ６． Applications (Examples) ７． Application in Organic Synthesis ◆ Schwartz Reagent ◆ Hydrozirconation ◆ Cross Coupling Reaction

◆ Cp2ZrCl2-Catalyzed Carbometalation ◆ Cp2ZrCl2-Catalyzed Hydrometalation ◆ Negishi Reagent ◆ Zirconocene-Ethylene Complex

◆ Intramolecular Bicyclization Reactions of Enynes Using “Cp2Zr” ◆ Preparation and Reactions of Allylic Zirconium Species ◆ Synthesis of Benzene Derivatives Using Zirconacyclopentadienes ８． Storage and Safety Handling etc．

１．General Features

（１）Technologies involved were developed by Nichia’soriginalideas. （２）Consistently high/uniform quality was realized by the strict manufacturing process/quality control. ex ; Schwartz Reagent, Negishi Reagent

We have strong customer-service engineering team in our V-plant listed on the last page. Please feel free to contact us at

the nearest Nichia sales office if you are interested in Cp2ZrCl2 or other Zirconocene derivatives.

Ever Researching for a Brighter World

２．Product Guide ２－１． Physical and Chemical Properties

Chemical Name ： Bis-Ｃyclopentadienyl Ｚirconium Ｄichloride Zirconocene Dichloride

Molecular Formula ：（Ｃ５Ｈ５）２ＺｒＣｌ２

Molecular Weight ：２９２．３２

Appearance ： White Needle Crystal

Melting Point ：２４２～２４５ ℃

Sublimation Point ：１５０～１８０ ℃ （２９．１ｋＰａ)

Solubility ： Soluble in halogenated Hydrocarbon, Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Protic Solvents. Slightly soluble in Aliphatic Hydrocarbon.

Decomposability ： Zirconocene Dichloride gradually decomposes by the moisture and the Oxygen in air if left in the open air. （ Zirconocene Dichloride forms Hydrochloride and

[ZrCl(C5H5)2]2O ）

２－２． Assay and Impurities Specifications Typical Data Theoretical Value

Purity ： ≧ ９９．００％９９．８３％

Zirconium (Ｚｒ) ： ≧ ３０．９０％３１．１６％３１．２１％

Chlorine ( Cl ) ： ≧ ２４．００％２４．２０％２４．２６％

Iron (Fe ) ： ≦ ０．０５％０．００２％

Analytical Data of Zirconocene Dichloride Cl/Zr Suppliers Zr(%) Cl(%) Notes (Molar Ratio)

Nichia 31.16 24.20 2.00 White Needle Crystal

Reagent A 31.19 24.22 2.00 Reagent B 31.09 24.24 2.01 Colored Crystal Reagent C 31.18 24.20 2.00 Reagent D 31.20 24.21 2.00 Theoretical 31.21 24.26 2.00 Value Zr and Cl contents were determined in Nichia. Ever Researching for a Brighter World

３． Solubility in Various Solvents

N,N-Dimethylformamide Chloroform, Toluene Tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-Dimethoxyethane Cyclohexane, n-Hexane, n-Heptane 800 200 10

180 Tetrahydrofuran Solubility（ｇ/ｌ） Solubility （g/l） Solubility Solubility（ｇ/ｌ） 700 Chloroform 160 8

600 140 Cyclohexane

120 6 500

100 1,2-Dimethoxyethane

400 80 4

n-Heptane 60 300

40 2

200 Toluene n-Hexane 20

100 0 0 0 102030405060708090100 0 102030405060708090100 0 1020304050607080 Temperature(℃） Temperature（℃） Temperature（℃）

４． Solubility in Water and ｐH

500

400 Solubility （g/l) Solubility

300 Cｏｎｓｐｉｃｕｏｕｓ Solubility Hｙｄｒｏｌｙｓｉｓ 200

100 Temperature(℃) 0 0 1020304050 ０．５-100

１．０-200 pH Cｏｎｓｐｉｃｕｏｕｓ p Ｈ１．５-300 Hｙｄｒｏｌｙｓｉｓ

２．０-400

２．５-500

Ever Researching for a Brighter World

５． Stability

（１） Zirconocene Dichloride is stable in nitrogen atomosphere under 50℃ and its purity will not deteriorate.

Ａｉｒ（Temperature:２５℃、humidity:５０％） 100

Purity(%) 98

90 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 （day）

（２） In open air its quality will deteriorate due to hydrolysis and influence of oxygen.

Nitrogen

100 Purity(%) 98 ５０℃

１００℃ 94

92 １５０℃ 90 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 （day）

（３） It’s quality will deteriorate under the influence of ultraviolet rays.

Ultraviolet rays (Temperature ３０℃）

100 Purity(%) 98

90 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 （day）

Ever Researching for a Brighter World

６. Applications ( Examples )

Ｃｐ２ＺｒＣｌ２

Polymerization Catalysts

Olefin Polymerization 1)～10） Ethylene-α-Olefin Copolymerization 11)～13)

Organic Synthesis Catalysts Ｄｅｒｉｖａｔｉｖｅｓ Coupling Reactions 14）、15） Addition Reactions 16） Carbometallation 17）、18） Cyclization 19） Oligomerization 20)

Electronic Materials

Optical Recording Materials 21～23）

Stabilizers

Dicarboxylic Acid Anhydrides 24） Halohydrocarbons 25）

References of Applications

１）ＩｎｏｒｇａｎｉｃａＣｈｉｍｉｃａＡｃｔａ．，２７０，２０（１９９５）２）ＡｃｔａＰｏｌｙｔｅｃｈ．Ｓｃａｎｄ．Ｃｈｅｍ．Ｔｅｃｈｎｏｌ．Ｓｅｒ．，２２７，１－５０（１９９５）３）Ｊ．Ｐｏｌｙｍ．Ｓｃｉ．，ｐａｒｔＡ：Ｐｏｌｙｍ．Ｃｈｅｍ．，２６，（１１），３０８９（１９８８）４）ＪＰＨ１１－０３５６１７Ａ５）ＪＰＨ１１－００１５１１Ａ６）ＪＰＨ５－３３１２１９Ａ７）ＪＰＨ９－３０２０１７Ａ８）ＪＰＨ１０－３１６６９５Ａ９）ＪＰＨ１０－１３０３１６Ａ１０）ＪＰＨ９－３２８５０８Ａ１１）ＪＰＨ１０－１８２７４９Ａ１２）ＪＰＨ９－２４１３２６Ａ１３）ＪＰＨ１０－２５４０９４Ａ１４）Ｊ．Ａｍ．Ｃｈｅｍ．Ｓｏｃ．，１０９，２３９３（１９８７）１５）Ｊ．Ａｍ．Ｃｈｅｍ．Ｓｏｃ．，１０８，７４１１（１９８６）１６）Ｊ．Ａｍ．Ｃｈｅｍ．Ｓｏｃ．，１０２，１３３３（１９８０）１７）Ｊ．Ａｍ．Ｃｈｅｍ．Ｓｏｃ．，１０８，６６３９（１９８５）１８）Ｊ．Ｏｒｇａｎｏｍｅｔａｌ．Ｃｈｅｍ．，３０４，１７（１９８６）１９）ＴｅｔｒａｈｅｄｒｏｎＬｅｔｔ．，２８，９１７（１９８７）２０）ＩｎｏｒｇａｎｉｃａＣｈｉｍｉｃａＡｃｔａ．，２７０，２０，（１９９８）２１）ＪＰＳ６３－１６５１８１Ａ２２）ＪＰＳ６３－１６５１８２Ａ２３）ＪＰＳ６３－１６８３９３Ａ２４）ＪＰＳ４８－０２８４０５Ａ２５）ＪＰＨ５－１５６０６２Ａ

Ever Researching for a Brighter World ７．Application７．Application inin OrganicOrganic SynthesisSynthesis

Schwartz Reagent

H H LiAlH4 Cp2ZrCl2 Cp2Zr + Cp2Zr THF Cl H Schwartz Reagent

CH2Cl2 Wash

Tetrahedron Lett., 28, 3895 (1987) J.Org.Chem., 56, 2590 (1991) Tetrahedron Lett., 31, 7257 (1990)

Hydrozirconation

ZrCp2 Cl

Cp2Zr + Cl

Schwartz Reagent ZrCp2 Cl

R H R H ZrCp2 Cl

Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.Eng., 15, 333 (1976)

Cross Coupling Reaction

R H ArX , Ni or Pd cat. H Ar

X H , Pd cat. H R' R H H H R H H R' H ZrCp2 Cl X- -R' , Pd cat. R H H R'

X , Pd cat. R H H

Yukigoseikagaku Kyokaishi, 47, 2 (1989) J.Am.Chem.Soc., 109, 2393 (1987) Tetrahedron Lett., 30, 4299 (1989)

Ever Researching for a Brighter World

Cp2ZrCl2-Catalyzed Carbometalation

H H Me3Al-cat.Cp2ZrCl2 (10 mol%) Ph Ph PhC CH + (CH2Cl)2 Me AlMe2 Me2Al Me

96 : 4

J.Am.Chem.Soc., 108, 6639 (1985) Me Catalytic Mechanism Aldrichim. Acta, 18, 31 (1985) Me Cl Synthesis, 1 (1988) Me3Al + Cl2ZrCp2 Me2Al ZrCp2 Me2Al ZrCp2 Cl Cl Cl RC CH RH RC CH Me ZrCp2 Cl AlMe2Cl Me ZrCp2 Cl Cl

AlMe2 RHRH + Cl2ZrCp2 Me AlMe Me AlMe2 Me Cl

ZrCp2Cl

OCH2Ph OCH2Ph Me3Al-Cp2ZrCl2 ,(CH2Cl)2 OH 2) n-BuLi 3) O Zoapatanol J.Chem.Soc., Perakin Trans., Ⅰ, 1589 (1985)

Cp2ZrCl2-Catalyzed Hydrometalation

i-Bu Al-cat.Cp ZrCl 3 2 2 i-Bu2Al

Tetrahedron. Lett., 21, 1501 (1985) Pure. Appl. Chem., 53, 2333 (1981)

Catalytic Cycle

i-Bu2Al(C8H17) i-Bu3Al

Cp2ZrCl2

Cl Cl i-Bu2AlCl Cp2Zr Cp2Zr C8H17 i-Bu

Cp2Zr 1-octene H

Ever Researching for a Brighter World

～～ OrganicOrganic SynthesisSynthesis UsingUsing Zirconocene(Ⅱ)Zirconocene(Ⅱ) ComplexesComplexes ～～

Negishi Reagent

CH Et 2 n-BuLi 2 C Et Cp2ZrCl2 Cp ZrBu ＝ " Cp Zr " 2 2 Cp Zr H 2 -78℃ ~ r.t 2 Cp2Zr Bu

Tetrahedron Lett., 27, 2829 (1986) ○ C-C Bond Formation Reactions Using “Cp2Zr”

R PMe3 RCH=CHR' Cp2Zr(PMe3)2 PMe3 Cp2Zr R Me P RC≡CR R 3 R' Cp2Zr " Cp2Zr " R R R 1) CO R R R 2) H+ Cp2Zr Cp Zr O RC≡CR' 2 Me P PMe R R 3 R' 3 Yukigoseikagaku Kyokaishi, 47, 2 (1989) Synthesis., 1 (1988) Aldrichim. Acta, 18, 31 (1985) Chem.Rev.,88, 1047 (1989) Zirconocene-Ethylene Complex

CH2 2 EtMgBr CH2 Cp ZrCl Cp ZrEt 2 2 2 2 H Cp Zr -78℃ ~ r.t Cp2Zr 2 Et

○ C-C Bond Formation Reactions Using Zirconocene-Ethylene Complex

R R EtMgBr ,Cat.Cp2ZrCl2 ,THF

Et MgBr J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 6266 (1991)

Cp ZrCl Catalytic Cycle 2 2 2 EtMgBr

EtH R Cp2Zr R MgBr

Cp2Zr Cp2Zr R Et R MgBr

EtMgBr

Ever Researching for a Brighter World

～～ OrganicOrganic SynthesisSynthesis UsingUsing Zirconocene(Ⅱ)Zirconocene(Ⅱ) ComplexesComplexes ～～

Intramolecular Bicyclization Reactions of Enynes Using “Cp2Zr”

Z 1) CO 1atm 2) 3N-HCl O (CH2)n

Z Z - Cp2ZrCl2 n-BuLi Z (CH ) (CH ) 2 n Cp2Zr 2 n H O+ THF 3 H (CH2)n

Z - = C,Si,Ge, or Sn Group

Tetrahedron Lett., 27, 2829 (1986) J.Am.Chem.Soc., 107, 2568 (1985) Yukigoseikagaku Kyokaishi, 47, 2 (1989)

SiMe3 Cp ZrCl SiMe 2 2 3 n-BuLi C6H5CH2 N H3C C6H5CH2 N ZrCp2 THF

CH3 95%

SiMe3 SiMe3 Cp2ZrCl2 C6H5CH2 N n-BuLi C6H5CH2 N ZrCp2 THF CH3 H CH3 92%

SiMe3 Cp ZrCl SiMe 2 2 3 n-BuLi C6H5CH2 N CH3 C6H5CH2 N ZrCp2 THF

H CH 86% 3

Tetrahedron Lett., 27, 2829 (1986) Yukigoseikagaku Kyokaishi, 47, 2 (1989)

Ever Researching for a Brighter World

～～ OrganicOrganic SynthesisSynthesis UsingUsing Zirconocene(Ⅱ)Zirconocene(Ⅱ) ComplexesComplexes ～～

Preparation and Reactions of Allylic Zirconium Species

2 2 R 2 R " Cp2Zr " ZrCp2 R

1 3 THF 1 3 1 3 R OR R OR R ZrCp2OR

R4CHO R4 1 R R2

anti selective

Entry R1 R2 R3 R4 Yield (%) anti : syn

1 Ph H Me Ph 79 10 : 1

2 Ph H Bn Ph 89 15 : 1

3 Ph H TBDMS Ph 96 23 : 1

4 Ph H TBDMS iPr 96 49 : 1

5 Me H TBDMS Ph 41

CHO OH OEt " Cp2Zr "

OEt OEt OEt ZrCp2OEt

without BF3・ OEt2, 59%, anti/syn=14/86 with BF3・ OEt2, 85%, anti/syn=77/23

CHO OTBDMS OH Ph " Cp2Zr " Ph Ph ・ H ZrCp2OR 73%, anti/syn=22/1

Yakugaku Zasshi., 123, 933 (2003)

Ever Researching for a Brighter World

～～ OrganicOrganic SynthesisSynthesis UsingUsing Zirconocene(Ⅱ)Zirconocene(Ⅱ) ComplexesComplexes ～～

Synthesis of Benzene Derivatives Using Zirconacyclopentadienes

R1 R1 R1 R3 R1 Cp2ZrEt2 R2 R2

R3 R2 R3 R3 R2

R1 R1 R1 R1 Cp2ZrEt2 Cp2Zr Cp2Zr

R1 R1 R R R1 R R R 2 2 3 3 R3 1 Cp2Zr NiBr2(PPh3)2 R R R2 3 2 R2 R2

J.Am.Chem.Soc., 121, 11093 (1999)

○ Synthesis of 1,2,3,5-Tetrasubstituted Benzene Derivatives

R R R R R RR R Cp2ZrEt2 Et2Zn, CH2I2 1) CO Cp2Zr Cp2Zr 2)H+ RR R R R R R R

J.Am.Chem.Soc., 124, 388 (2002)

○ Synthesis of Benzene Derivatives Mediated by Copper(Ⅰ) Salts

R R R R Br 2eq. CuCl Cp2Zr + R Br R R R

Tetrahedron 58, 1107 (2002)

Ever Researching for a Brighter World

～～ OrganicOrganic SynthesisSynthesis UsingUsing Zirconocene(Ⅱ)Zirconocene(Ⅱ) ComplexesComplexes ～～

○ Synthesis of Cyclopentenones Using Zirconacyclopentadienes

R1 R1 R2 1) 1 eq n-BuLi R R R 2 1 2 2) CO (1 atm) Cp2Zr O + Cp2ZrEt2 3) H R3 R4 R3 R3 R4 R4

Possible Mechanism R R1 1 R R R 1 1 2 1) n-BuLi Li R R R OC 2 2 2 2) CO + + Cp Zr H H 2 Cp2Zr O O ZrCp2 R3 R3 Bu R3 R3 R4 Bu R4 R4 R4

J.Am.Chem.Soc., 121, 1094 (1999)

○ Synthesis of Benzoheterocyclic Compounds Using Zirconacyclopentadienes

R1 R2 Me 1) Cp2ZrBu2 Me M M Me 2) CuCl or Me R1 NiBr2(PPh3)2 R2 R (M = Si,Ge,Sn) 1

Heterocycles., 54, 943 (2001)

○ Synthesis of Pyridine Derivatives Using Zirconacyclopentadienes

R R1 R1 1 R1 R1 R1 R R 1 R R R2 1 R3 CN 2 2 Cp2Zr Cp2Zr Cp ZrEt NiX2(PPh3)2 R2 R 2 2 N R3 N 3

J.Am.Chem.Soc., 124, 5059 (2002)

Ever Researching for a Brighter World

８． Storage and Safety Handling etc

8-1． Storage

Store in a cool/dark place with reasonable ventilation. Avoid direct radiation of sun beam to the container.

8-2． Handling

Unsealing (opening) of the container must be done under dry Nitrogen atmosphere. When resealing, the inner space of container must be filled with ample amount of dry Nitrogen gas. Zirconocene Dichloride must be sealed very tightly and stored in a place mentioned above. Things (utensils, pipes, equipment, etc) which come in contact with this product must be well-dried before use. When solvent must be used, well-dehydrated micromoisture solvents is recommended.

8-3． First-aid Treatment

If Zirconocene Dichloride adheres to a hand or face, it may cause allergic breakouts. It must be immediately washed off with ample amount of clean water. For protection, please use the protective devices as follows： Rubber ｇloves ・ Protective glasses ・ Dust-protection masks, etc

8-4 Fire Fighting Procedure

If fire breaks out, move all the containers to a safe place where fire cannot reach. In case that this chemical catches a fire, use plenty of water or powder fire extinguisher to fight fire.

8-5． Waste Disposal

Waste disposal can be accomplished either by hydrolysis or by incineration. Hydrolyze in acid or alkaline aqueous solution to separate Zirconium Hydroxide by neutralization. Burn with flammable solvent to give Zirconium Oxide. Either waste must be disposed in accordance with industrial waste regulations.

Ever Researching for a Brighter World

■ The contents of this brochure are updated as of March, 2010.

■ Reference

（The manufacturer & engineering department) NICHIA CORPORATION TOKUSHIMA PLANT (V-PLANT) 224 Hiraishi Ebisuno, Kawauchi-Cho, Tokushima-Shi, TOKUSHIMA 771-0132, JAPAN TEL : +81-88-665-2311 FAX : +81-88-665 -5292

（Sales） NICHIA CORPORATION TOKYO SALES OFFICE 13F Tamachi Center Building34-7, Shiba 5-Chome, Minato-Ku, TOKYO 108-0014, JAPAN TEL : +81- 3-3456-3784 FAX : +81- 3-3453 -2369

http://www.nichia.co.jp

Ever Researching for a Brighter World